Unit 7 Outdoor fun（知识清单）英语新教材译林版七年级下册

Unit 7 Outdoor fun 话题 Outdoor fun 词汇 lost ,luckily,arrive,proud,relaxed,asleep,chance,safety,support 短语 a fun outdoor activity,get/be close to nature,take a break,spend money on ,on my own,in my free time,an amazing experience,set off,take some photos,can't wait to do sth,for the first time,be afraid of the dark,invite sb to do sth,a short while,be focus on,keep fit 句型 I need to work on my balance to become a better dancer. I don't want to spend my pocket money on sport. We followed the map，but it did not give enough details about the countryside. We were a little tired，but we were proud of our teamwork. I used the map on my phone for help and then found the way. I enjoyed the camping trip because of the fresh air and peace and quiet in the countryside. I was very tired when I came back home，but it was worth it. The fresh air and camping activities can be good for your body and mind. 语法 一般过去时（Ⅰ） 写作 户外活动 考点1 I want to take a break from city life and be close to nature.(教材P81) break /breɪk/ n.休息 [名词] take/ have a break 休息一会儿 Let's stop and take a break.我们停下来休息一会儿吧。 拓展[及物动词] &[不及物动词] (使)破碎； 损坏其过去式为 broke。 刚才他打碎了花瓶。He broke the vase just now. 考点拓展 break做动词，表示“违反，违背”。做名词表示“（课间的休息时间）暂停，中断”。 Don’t break the law.别违法。 Class is over；let’s have a break.下课了。我们休息一下吧。 固定搭配 break down 出故障，坏掉 break off打断 break the rule违反规则 break the law 违法 break away from摆脱，脱离 break into 破门而入 考题预测 -Could you give me a hand, sir？ My car on the road. -Certainly. I think I can repair it. A. broke down B. fell down C. calmed down D. came down be close to 离……近 adj. (在空间、时间上)接近 其反义短语为 be far from“离………远”。 My house is close to the new supermarket.我家离新开的超市很近。 拓展be close to的其他含义: (1)与(某人)很亲密 He is very close to his older brother.他和哥哥的关系很亲密。 (2)可能(快要做某事) The boy was close to tears.这个男孩快要哭出来了。 考点2 I need to work on my balance to become a better dancer . balance /ˈbæləns/ n.平衡能力;平衡 balance of 平衡 in balance adv. 总而言之，总的来说 on balance 总而言之，总的来说 out of balance 不平衡，失去平衡 She lost her balance and fell off the bike.她失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。 Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲之间的平衡。 拓展[动词] (使)保持平衡； 立稳 She balanced the cup on her knee.她把杯子在膝盖上放稳。 考点4 In ny free time,I want to go around our town on my own.(教材P81) on one's own 独自; 独立地 辨析on one’ s own与 of one’ s own on one’ s own “独自； 独立地”， 常作状语， 相当于 alone或 by oneself。 of one’ s own “属于某人自己的”， 常作后置定语。 She is afraid of going out on her own at night.她害怕晚上独自外出。 I have a bedroom of my own, but it is not big.我有一间属于自己的卧室，但是它不大 拓展 own做形容词，意为“自己的，本人的”。owner指“拥有者，所有者”。own做动词，意为“拥有”。 他有自己的房子。He has a house of his own. 谁拥有这辆车？Who owns this car？ 固定搭配 on one's own独自，主动地，相当于by oneself；with one's own eyes亲眼看见；one's own某人自己的东西。 You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。 Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on his own.白求恩医生有时不得不亲自治疗伤员。 She saw it with her own eyes.她亲眼看见了这件事。 中考链接 -China's first large passenger plane C919 flew successfully on May 5. -Yes. What's more, it was built（建造）on our own in Shanghai.（同义替换） A. with some help B. from our friends C. by ourselves 考点5 It was an amazing experience! (教材P82) experience /ɪk'spɪəriəns/ n. (一次) 经历; 经验 experience 名词 经历 可数名词 经验 不可数名词 动词 经历，体验 请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America. 这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience. 我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip. 中考链接 –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of in doing it. A. experience B. trouble C. courage 【语境串记】 My aunt is a tour guide with much experience, and she has experienced many things in her work. She often tells us her interesting experiences. 我姑姑是一名非常有经验的导游。她在工作中经历了很多事情。她经常给我们讲述她有趣的经历。 考点6 After breakfast, we set off for a little village. 教材P2) set off 出发 (同义短语为 set out) “set off/ out for+地点名词”表示“动身去某地”, 相当于“leave for+地点名词”。 You'd better set off early tomorrow morning.明天早上你最好早点出发。 It was already late when we set off for the next town.当我们出发去下一个城镇的时候，天色已经晚了 考点7 We followed the map, but it did not give enough details about the countryside.(教材P82) follow /'fɒləʊ/ v.遵循; 跟随 (1) [动词] 遵循 follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 follow the rules 遵守规则 follow the tips 遵循指示 You should follow the doctor's advice.你应该斤从医生的建议。 We must follow the rules at home and school.我们必须遵守家规和校规。 Follow these tips, and you can enjoy your summer safely.遵循这些指示， 你就能安全地享受夏天。 (2) [动词] 跟随 me. I’ ll show you the way. 跟着我, 我来给你带路。 (作及物动词) Please go first, and I' ll .请先走吧, 我随后就来。(作不及物动词) 拓展(1) [动词] 理解, 明白 Listen to me carefully, or you can't follow me.认真听我讲，否则你会不明白。 (2) following [形容词] 下列的; 接着的 The suggestions can help you manage your time wisely.以下建议可以帮助你明智地管理时间 考点8 None c us knew the right way. (教材P82 none /nʌn/ pron.没有一个 辨析none与 no one none 可以指人，也可以指物, 可与 of连用。 ①“none of+不可数名词”作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②“none of+复数名词”作主语时， 谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。 ③可用于回答以 how many或 how much开头的特殊疑问句。 no one 只能指人，不能与 of连用；相当于 nobody。 ①作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②可用于回答以 who开头的特殊疑问句。 of the news was very exciting.没有一则新闻是非常令人激动的。 It's time to say goodbye, but of us want/ wants to leave.该说再见了， 但是我们没有人想离开。 — How many birds are there in the tree? 树上有多少只鸟?— .一只也没有。 is perfect. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you are.人无完人， 自嘲意味着接纳自己 考点9.I was a little worried, but luckily, a driver stopped and told us which way to go.(教材P82) worried /ˈwʌrid/ adj.担心的, 发愁的 be worried about“担心……”, 其同义短语为 worry about。 luckily /ˈlʌkɪli/ adv.幸好, 幸运地 其反义词为 unlucky，意为“不幸的，倒霉的”。 lucky day意为“幸运日”。 lucky既可以做表语，也可以做定语。 他是个幸运的家伙。He is a lucky dog. 考点拓展（1）luck做名词，意为“好运”。good luck意为“走运，好运”，bad luck意为“不走运，倒霉”。 （2）luckily做副词，意为“幸运地”，反义词为unluckily，意为“不幸运地”，二者常位于句首。 Luckily,we find a doctor over there.幸运的是，我们在那儿找到了一个医生。 中考链接 There was a car accident on Xinhua Road yesterday. ,nobody was hurt. A.Lucky B.Luckily C.Unlucky D.Unluckily 考点10 We cycled for another hour and then arrived at the village. (教材P82) arrive /əˈraɪv/ v.到达 arrive做不及物动词，后加介词at或in,arrive at后常接车站、学校、邮局、机场等较小的地方；arrive in后常接表示国家、城市等较大地点的名词。 火车什么时候到站？When does the train arrive at the station？ 他们明天到达纽约。They'll arrive in New York tomorrow. 小提示 arrive in/at后若接副词here/there/home等，at/in省略。 考点拓展 arrive late for表示“做某事迟到”，相当于 be late for。前者指到的时间晚，后者指状态。 Don't arrive late for the meeting next time. =Don't be late for the meeting next time.下次开会别迟到了。 中考链接 It is raining hard.I am afraid that we can't get to the airport on time. （同义替换） A.arrive at B.get along with C.take part in D.go to 考点11.I used an app to find out more about them. (教材P82) Point find out查明,弄清 (情况) 辨 find out, find与 look for find out 查明， 弄清(情况) 指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。 find 找到； 发现 强调找的结果， 多指偶然发现或碰到。 look for 寻找 指有目的地寻找， 强调找的过程。 【语境串记】 I looked my pen everywhere, but I couldn't it. I want to find who took it away.我到处找我的钢笔,但没找到。我想弄清楚是谁拿走了它。 考点12 It was really enjoyable! (教材P82) enjoyable /ɪn'dʒɔɪəbl/ adj.令人愉快的 [形容词] 由“enjoy (v.享受……的乐趣; 喜爱) +-able (形容词后缀) ”构成。 Skipping is an enjoyable form of exercise.跳绳是一种有趣的锻炼方式。 enjoyable前的不定冠词应用 an Exercising with others is very enjoyable and encouraging.和别人一起锻炼是非常愉快且令人鼓舞的 词缀学习-able表示“可以……的; 具有……性质的”,常加在某些动词或名词后构成形容词。如： wash (v.洗) +-able→washable (adj.可洗的) comfort (n.舒适) +-able→comfortable (adj.舒适的) fashion (n.时尚, 时兴) +-able→fashionable (adj.时髦的) 考点13.We were a little tired, but we were proud of our teamwork. proud /praʊd/ adj.自豪的 拓展pride [名词] 自豪, 骄傲 take pride in= be proud of为……感到骄傲 We all take pride in (= are all proud of) your success.我们都为你的成功感到骄傲。 How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are the pride of our country.这些中国航天员多伟大啊! 他们是我们国家的骄傲。 We Chinese are so (自豪的) of the successful launch of Shenzhou-18. 考点14.At first, I could not even stand up on my skates.(教材P85) 辨析at first与 first of all at first 相当于 in the beginning, 意为“起初”, 用以讲述最初阶段的情况， 尤指与后来的不同情况相比较。 first of all 相当于 first， 意为“首先”， 用以引出一系列事实、理由、意见等。 At first, he didn't like English at all. But now he is very interested in it. 起初, 他一点也不喜欢英语。但是现在他对英语很感兴趣。 First of all, open the windows. Then turn off the gas.首先，打开窗户， 然后把煤气关掉。 考点15.He helped me practise, and little by little, I found it very enjoyable.(教材P85) find+宾语+宾语补足语 讲句中画线部分为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构， 其中形容词 enjoyable作宾语补足语。此外，该结构中的宾语补足语也可以是副词、动词-ing形式或介词短语等。 Leo hurried there, only to find them out.利奥匆匆赶到那里，却发现他们出去了。 When I came in, I found him reading.我进来的时候,发现他正在看书。 She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。 考点16.I enjoyed the camping trip because of the fresh : and peace and quiet in the countryside. (教材P86) because of与 because because of 短语介词 其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。 because 连词 其后接表示原因的句子。 She felt very sorry because of losing the game.因为辅了比赛，她感到非常难过。 He didn't come to school today because he was ill(= because of his illness) .他今天没来学校是因为他生病了。 Danny was late for school because the traffic was too heavy. (改为同义句) Danny was late for school the heavy traffic. 考点17.Do you ever feel like you can't focus on your work?(教材P88) feel like感觉像 后常跟名词 (短语) 或从句等。 The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours. 面试只用了十分钟， 但感觉像几个小时似的。 I felt like I was a fish in the pool.我感觉自己在游泳池里像一条鱼。 拓展feel like想要 feel like sth.想要某物 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 (相当于 want to do sth.) I feel like a drink.我想要一杯饮料。 I don't feel like saying anything now. 我现在什么都不想说。 focus on集中于;致力于 其后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。 Aiming for good results can help you focus on your goals, but it's also important to focus on enjoying the process.追求好的结果可以帮助你专注于自己的目标，但专注于享受过程也很重要。 拓展focus one’ s attention/ mind on/ upon sth.集中注意力于某事 (物) Don't focus your attention on computer games.不要把你的注意力集中在电脑游戏上。 考点18.The fresh air and camping activities can be good for your body and mind. (教材P88) 用法分析 mind做动词时，意为“介意；对（某事）烦恼”等。后接名词/动名词/从句，不接不定式，一般用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。“I don’t mind them…”常用于“How do you like...？/What do you think of...？”句型的回答，表示对它们无所谓/不在意。 你觉得情景喜剧怎么样？-What do you think of sitcoms？ 我不介意（看）它们。-I don’t mind them. 考点拓展 Would/Do you mind doing sth.？请你……好吗？/你介意……吗？Would/Do you mind sb.’s/sb. doing sth.？你介意某人做某事吗？以上句型的回答若同意（不介意、不反对），一般用No, of course not./No, not at all./No, please do./Certainly not.。若反对（介意），一般用You’d better not...，或I’m sorry...，I’m afraid.../I wish you wouldn’t.等以缓和语气，并陈述某种表示拒绝或反对的理由。 -Would you mind opening that door？你介意打开那扇门吗？ -No, of course not./ I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.不，当然不。/抱歉，但那是不被允许的。 中考链接 -Do you mind my smoking（吸烟）here？ - . Look at the sign. It says, “No smoking.” A. Never mind B. Of course not C. You’d better not 考点19.Camping is such a great activity: put up a tent, roll out your sleeping bag and then fall asleep under the stars.(教材P88) fall/fɔ:l/ v.进入 (某状态) ;落下,掉落;倒下过去式为 fell, 过去分词为 fallen fall的常见用法： 含fall的短语 fall down突然倒下；跌倒 fall over向前摔倒、跌倒 fall off跌落，从……掉下来 fall in love with喜欢、爱上…… fall behind落在……的后面 fall asleep入睡 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj.睡着 考点辨析sleep,sleepy,sleeping sleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”，也可做名词 “睡眠”。 sleepy “想睡的，疲倦的，瞌睡的”，做表语或定语。 sleeping “睡着的”，既可做表语，也可做定语。 Don't sleep in class.不要在课堂上睡觉。 You look very sleepy.Let's go to have a walk outside.你看上去很困。咱们出去散散步吧。 Do you know the sleeping boy？你认识那个正在睡觉的男孩吗？ 考点拓展 go to sleep睡觉，入睡；get to sleep睡着，入睡；go to bed上床睡觉。一般说来， go to bed在前，然后才是go/get to sleep。 考题预测 Enough is good for your health.If you watch TV too late,you will feel______. A.sleep；sleeping B.sleep；sleepy C.sleep；sleep D.sleeping；sleep 【语境串记】 The little boy was so sleepy that he fell asleep in the sleeping bag. He is sleeping now. Don't make noise. 那个小男孩太困了， 以至于他在睡袋里睡着了。现在他正在睡觉， 不要制造噪声。 考点20.Safety tips (教材P88) safety /'seɪfti/ n.安全,平安;安全处所 [不可数名词] 其反义词是( 危险”。 For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane.为了您的自身安全， 请不要在飞机内吸烟。 It's a place where children can play in safety.这是可以让孩子们安全玩耍的地方。 考点21.You’ d better wear comfortable shoes and take some water. (教材P89) had better应该,最好 高频 用于表示建议、 劝告等。had better没有人称、 时态和数的变化, 后跟动词原形, 常简写为’ d better。had better (not) do sth. “最好 (不要) 做某事”。 You’ d better stop running and rest for a few days.你最好停下跑步，休息几天。 We’ d better not depend on our parents too much.我们最好不要太依赖父母。 You had better not stay up late. It's harmful to your health你最好不要熬夜， 熬夜有害身体。 1． 语法精讲 一般过去时 (I) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。其基本结构为“主语+动词的过去式+其他”。 考向1 一般过去时的用法 表示过去某个特定的时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如 just now、yesterday、 last week/ month/ year、 three days/a week ago、 in 1998等。 Mother felt ill last week.妈妈上周觉得身体不适。 Simon was unhappy yesterday.昨天西蒙不开心。 He was a teacher three years ago. 三年前他是一位老师。 拓展一般过去时的其他用法： (1) 表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。 He often helped me with my English last term.他上学期经常帮助我学习英语。 (2) 表示主语过去所具备的能力或性格。 The girl could play the piano at the age of 6.那个女孩6岁时会弹钢琴。 考向2 动词过去式的构成规则 1.规则动词的过去式变化 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed stay→ want→ talk→ hand→ 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词， 在词尾直接加-d love→ arrive→ hope→ use→ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，去掉y再加-ied study→ worry→ carry→ cry→ 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed stop→ shop→ plan→ hug→ 2.不规则动词的过去式变化 保持不变 put→put set→set cut→cut 元音有变化 come→ blow→ get→ 辅音有变化 lend→ spend→ 元音、辅音均有变化 catch→ buy→ 特殊变化 am/is→ are→ eat→ 二．写作精讲 本单元的话题是“户外活动”，要求学生能描述户外活动的经历及感受等相关内容。与此相关的写作通常有：①讲述一次难忘的户外活动经历；②介绍自己最喜欢的户外活动；③介绍户外活动前的准备工作及安全提示。在具体讲述户外活动经历时，时态以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主。 通常包含以下要点：①点明户外活动的时间、地点和参与者；②具体描述活动过程，如遇到的问题以及如何克服这些问题等；③表达活动的意义及感受。 开头句 Last summer, my classmates and I went on an unforgettable school trip to the nearby mountains.去年暑假，我和同学们去附近的山区进行了一次难忘的学校旅行。 It was an amazing experience!那是一次令人惊奇的经历！ 中间句 1.与具体活动有关 We spent the day exploring the hills, taking in fresh air and admiring all kinds of flowers and plants.我们花了一天时间游览山丘，呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏各种花草。 We took some great photos.我们拍了一些很棒的照片。 We had a picnic by a river, and we shared stories and laughter.我们在河边野餐，分享故事和欢笑。 2.与活动感受有关 We were very tired when we finally reached the top of the hill, but it was worth it.终于到达山顶时，我们都非常疲惫，但这一切都很值得。 结尾句 This activity was amazing because it gave us a chance to take a break from busy life and be close to nature.这次活动很棒，因为它让我们有机会从繁忙的生活中脱离出来，亲近大自然。 I can’t wait to do it again！我迫不及待地想再来一次！ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 7 Outdoor fun 话题 Outdoor fun 词汇 lost ,luckily,arrive,proud,relaxed,asleep,chance,safety,support 短语 a fun outdoor activity,get/be close to nature,take a break,spend money on ,on my own,in my free time,an amazing experience,set off,take some photos,can't wait to do sth,for the first time,be afraid of the dark,invite sb to do sth,a short while,be focus on,keep fit 句型 I need to work on my balance to become a better dancer. I don't want to spend my pocket money on sport. We followed the map，but it did not give enough details about the countryside. We were a little tired，but we were proud of our teamwork. I used the map on my phone for help and then found the way. I enjoyed the camping trip because of the fresh air and peace and quiet in the countryside. I was very tired when I came back home，but it was worth it. The fresh air and camping activities can be good for your body and mind. 语法 一般过去时（Ⅰ） 写作 户外活动 考点1 I want to take a break from city life and be close to nature.(教材P81) break /breɪk/ n.休息 [名词] take/ have a break 休息一会儿 Let's stop and take a break.我们停下来休息一会儿吧。 拓展[及物动词] &[不及物动词] (使)破碎； 损坏其过去式为 broke。 刚才他打碎了花瓶。He broke the vase just now. 考点拓展 break做动词，表示“违反，违背”。做名词表示“（课间的休息时间）暂停，中断”。 Don’t break the law.别违法。 Class is over；let’s have a break.下课了。我们休息一下吧。 固定搭配 break down 出故障，坏掉 break off打断 break the rule违反规则 break the law 违法 break away from摆脱，脱离 break into 破门而入 考题预测 -Could you give me a hand, sir？ My car ___A__ on the road. -Certainly. I think I can repair it. A. broke down B. fell down C. calmed down D. came down be close to 离……近 adj. (在空间、时间上)接近 其反义短语为 be far from“离………远”。 My house is close to the new supermarket.我家离新开的超市很近。 拓展be close to的其他含义: (1)与(某人)很亲密 He is very close to his older brother.他和哥哥的关系很亲密。 (2)可能(快要做某事) The boy was close to tears.这个男孩快要哭出来了。 考点2 I need to work on my balance to become a better dancer . balance /ˈbæləns/ n.平衡能力;平衡 balance of 平衡 in balance adv. 总而言之，总的来说 on balance 总而言之，总的来说 out of balance 不平衡，失去平衡 She lost her balance and fell off the bike.她失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。 Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲之间的平衡。 拓展[动词] (使)保持平衡； 立稳 She balanced the cup on her knee.她把杯子在膝盖上放稳。 考点4 In ny free time,I want to go around our town on my own.(教材P81) on one's own 独自; 独立地 辨析on one’ s own与 of one’ s own on one’ s own “独自； 独立地”， 常作状语， 相当于 alone或 by oneself。 of one’ s own “属于某人自己的”， 常作后置定语。 She is afraid of going out on her own at night.她害怕晚上独自外出。 I have a bedroom of my own, but it is not big.我有一间属于自己的卧室，但是它不大 拓展 own做形容词，意为“自己的，本人的”。owner指“拥有者，所有者”。own做动词，意为“拥有”。 他有自己的房子。He has a house of his own. 谁拥有这辆车？Who owns this car？ 固定搭配 on one's own独自，主动地，相当于by oneself；with one's own eyes亲眼看见；one's own某人自己的东西。 You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。 Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on his own.白求恩医生有时不得不亲自治疗伤员。 She saw it with her own eyes.她亲眼看见了这件事。 中考链接 -China's first large passenger plane C919 flew successfully on May 5. -Yes. What's more, it was built（建造）on our own in Shanghai.（同义替换） A. with some help B. from our friends C. by ourselves 考点5 It was an amazing experience! (教材P82) experience /ɪk'spɪəriəns/ n. (一次) 经历; 经验 experience 名词 经历 可数名词 经验 不可数名词 动词 经历，体验 请你告诉我们你在美国的经历。Please tell us your experiences in America. 这位老师有许多教学经验。The teacher has a lot of teaching experience. 我在这次旅途中经历了很多事情。I experienced many things on the trip. 中考链接 –I don't know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. -Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of ___A___ in doing it. A. experience B. trouble C. courage 【语境串记】 My aunt is a tour guide with much experience, and she has experienced many things in her work. She often tells us her interesting experiences. 我姑姑是一名非常有经验的导游。她在工作中经历了很多事情。她经常给我们讲述她有趣的经历。 考点6 After breakfast, we set off for a little village. 教材P2) set off 出发 (同义短语为 set out) “set off/ out for+地点名词”表示“动身去某地”, 相当于“leave for+地点名词”。 You'd better set off early tomorrow morning.明天早上你最好早点出发。 It was already late when we set off for the next town.当我们出发去下一个城镇的时候，天色已经晚了 考点7 We followed the map, but it did not give enough details about the countryside.(教材P82) follow /'fɒləʊ/ v.遵循; 跟随 (1) [动词] 遵循 follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 follow the rules 遵守规则 follow the tips 遵循指示 You should follow the doctor's advice.你应该斤从医生的建议。 We must follow the rules at home and school.我们必须遵守家规和校规。 Follow these tips, and you can enjoy your summer safely.遵循这些指示， 你就能安全地享受夏天。 (2) [动词] 跟随 Follow me. I’ ll show you the way. 跟着我, 我来给你带路。 (作及物动词) Please go first, and I' ll follow.请先走吧, 我随后就来。(作不及物动词) 拓展(1) [动词] 理解, 明白 Listen to me carefully, or you can't follow me.认真听我讲，否则你会不明白。 (2) following [形容词] 下列的; 接着的 The following suggestions can help you manage your time wisely.以下建议可以帮助你明智地管理时间 考点8 None c us knew the right way. (教材P82 none /nʌn/ pron.没有一个 辨析none与 no one none 可以指人，也可以指物, 可与 of连用。 ①“none of+不可数名词”作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②“none of+复数名词”作主语时， 谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。 ③可用于回答以 how many或 how much开头的特殊疑问句。 no one 只能指人，不能与 of连用；相当于 nobody。 ①作主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式。 ②可用于回答以 who开头的特殊疑问句。 None of the news was very exciting.没有一则新闻是非常令人激动的。 It's time to say goodbye, but none of us want/ wants to leave.该说再见了， 但是我们没有人想离开。 — How many birds are there in the tree? 树上有多少只鸟?— None.一只也没有。 No one is perfect. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you are.人无完人， 自嘲意味着接纳自己 考点9.I was a little worried, but luckily, a driver stopped and told us which way to go.(教材P82) worried /ˈwʌrid/ adj.担心的, 发愁的 be worried about“担心……”, 其同义短语为 worry about。 luckily /ˈlʌkɪli/ adv.幸好, 幸运地 其反义词为 unlucky，意为“不幸的，倒霉的”。 lucky day意为“幸运日”。 lucky既可以做表语，也可以做定语。 他是个幸运的家伙。He is a lucky dog. 考点拓展（1）luck做名词，意为“好运”。good luck意为“走运，好运”，bad luck意为“不走运，倒霉”。 （2）luckily做副词，意为“幸运地”，反义词为unluckily，意为“不幸运地”，二者常位于句首。 Luckily,we find a doctor over there.幸运的是，我们在那儿找到了一个医生。 中考链接 There was a car accident on Xinhua Road yesterday.___B___,nobody was hurt. A.Lucky B.Luckily C.Unlucky D.Unluckily 考点10 We cycled for another hour and then arrived at the village. (教材P82) arrive /əˈraɪv/ v.到达 arrive做不及物动词，后加介词at或in,arrive at后常接车站、学校、邮局、机场等较小的地方；arrive in后常接表示国家、城市等较大地点的名词。 火车什么时候到站？When does the train arrive at the station？ 他们明天到达纽约。They'll arrive in New York tomorrow. 小提示 arrive in/at后若接副词here/there/home等，at/in省略。 考点拓展 arrive late for表示“做某事迟到”，相当于 be late for。前者指到的时间晚，后者指状态。 Don't arrive late for the meeting next time. =Don't be late for the meeting next time.下次开会别迟到了。 中考链接 It is raining hard.I am afraid that we can't get to the airport on time. （同义替换）___A___ A.arrive at B.get along with C.take part in D.go to 考点11.I used an app to find out more about them. (教材P82) Point find out查明,弄清 (情况) 辨 find out, find与 look for find out 查明， 弄清(情况) 指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。 find 找到； 发现 强调找的结果， 多指偶然发现或碰到。 look for 寻找 指有目的地寻找， 强调找的过程。 【语境串记】 I looked for my pen everywhere, but I couldn't find it. I want to find out who took it away.我到处找我的钢笔,但没找到。我想弄清楚是谁拿走了它。 考点12 It was really enjoyable! (教材P82) enjoyable /ɪn'dʒɔɪəbl/ adj.令人愉快的 [形容词] 由“enjoy (v.享受……的乐趣; 喜爱) +-able (形容词后缀) ”构成。 Skipping is an enjoyable form of exercise.跳绳是一种有趣的锻炼方式。 enjoyable前的不定冠词应用 an Exercising with others is very enjoyable and encouraging.和别人一起锻炼是非常愉快且令人鼓舞的 词缀学习-able表示“可以……的; 具有……性质的”,常加在某些动词或名词后构成形容词。如： wash (v.洗) +-able→washable (adj.可洗的) comfort (n.舒适) +-able→comfortable (adj.舒适的) fashion (n.时尚, 时兴) +-able→fashionable (adj.时髦的) 考点13.We were a little tired, but we were proud of our teamwork. proud /praʊd/ adj.自豪的 拓展pride [名词] 自豪, 骄傲 take pride in= be proud of为……感到骄傲 We all take pride in (= are all proud of) your success.我们都为你的成功感到骄傲。 How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are the pride of our country.这些中国航天员多伟大啊! 他们是我们国家的骄傲。 We Chinese are so proud (自豪的) of the successful launch of Shenzhou-18. 考点14.At first, I could not even stand up on my skates.(教材P85) 辨析at first与 first of all at first 相当于 in the beginning, 意为“起初”, 用以讲述最初阶段的情况， 尤指与后来的不同情况相比较。 first of all 相当于 first， 意为“首先”， 用以引出一系列事实、理由、意见等。 At first, he didn't like English at all. But now he is very interested in it. 起初, 他一点也不喜欢英语。但是现在他对英语很感兴趣。 First of all, open the windows. Then turn off the gas.首先，打开窗户， 然后把煤气关掉。 考点15.He helped me practise, and little by little, I found it very enjoyable.(教材P85) find+宾语+宾语补足语 讲句中画线部分为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构， 其中形容词 enjoyable作宾语补足语。此外，该结构中的宾语补足语也可以是副词、动词-ing形式或介词短语等。 Leo hurried there, only to find them out.利奥匆匆赶到那里，却发现他们出去了。 When I came in, I found him reading.我进来的时候,发现他正在看书。 She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed.她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。 考点16.I enjoyed the camping trip because of the fresh : and peace and quiet in the countryside. (教材P86) because of与 because because of 短语介词 其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。 because 连词 其后接表示原因的句子。 She felt very sorry because of losing the game.因为辅了比赛，她感到非常难过。 He didn't come to school today because he was ill(= because of his illness) .他今天没来学校是因为他生病了。 Danny was late for school because the traffic was too heavy. (改为同义句) Danny was late for school because of the heavy traffic. 考点17.Do you ever feel like you can't focus on your work?(教材P88) feel like感觉像 后常跟名词 (短语) 或从句等。 The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours. 面试只用了十分钟， 但感觉像几个小时似的。 I felt like I was a fish in the pool.我感觉自己在游泳池里像一条鱼。 拓展feel like想要 feel like sth.想要某物 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 (相当于 want to do sth.) I feel like a drink.我想要一杯饮料。 I don't feel like saying anything now. 我现在什么都不想说。 focus on集中于;致力于 其后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。 Aiming for good results can help you focus on your goals, but it's also important to focus on enjoying the process.追求好的结果可以帮助你专注于自己的目标，但专注于享受过程也很重要。 拓展focus one’ s attention/ mind on/ upon sth.集中注意力于某事 (物) Don't focus your attention on computer games.不要把你的注意力集中在电脑游戏上。 考点18.The fresh air and camping activities can be good for your body and mind. (教材P88) 用法分析 mind做动词时，意为“介意；对（某事）烦恼”等。后接名词/动名词/从句，不接不定式，一般用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。“I don’t mind them…”常用于“How do you like...？/What do you think of...？”句型的回答，表示对它们无所谓/不在意。 你觉得情景喜剧怎么样？-What do you think of sitcoms？ 我不介意（看）它们。-I don’t mind them. 考点拓展 Would/Do you mind doing sth.？请你……好吗？/你介意……吗？Would/Do you mind sb.’s/sb. doing sth.？你介意某人做某事吗？以上句型的回答若同意（不介意、不反对），一般用No, of course not./No, not at all./No, please do./Certainly not.。若反对（介意），一般用You’d better not...，或I’m sorry...，I’m afraid.../I wish you wouldn’t.等以缓和语气，并陈述某种表示拒绝或反对的理由。 -Would you mind opening that door？你介意打开那扇门吗？ -No, of course not./ I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.不，当然不。/抱歉，但那是不被允许的。 中考链接 -Do you mind my smoking（吸烟）here？ - ___C___ . Look at the sign. It says, “No smoking.” A. Never mind B. Of course not C. You’d better not 考点19.Camping is such a great activity: put up a tent, roll out your sleeping bag and then fall asleep under the stars.(教材P88) fall/fɔ:l/ v.进入 (某状态) ;落下,掉落;倒下过去式为 fell, 过去分词为 fallen fall的常见用法： 含fall的短语 fall down突然倒下；跌倒 fall over向前摔倒、跌倒 fall off跌落，从……掉下来 fall in love with喜欢、爱上…… fall behind落在……的后面 fall asleep入睡 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj.睡着 考点辨析sleep,sleepy,sleeping sleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”，也可做名词 “睡眠”。 sleepy “想睡的，疲倦的，瞌睡的”，做表语或定语。 sleeping “睡着的”，既可做表语，也可做定语。 Don't sleep in class.不要在课堂上睡觉。 You look very sleepy.Let's go to have a walk outside.你看上去很困。咱们出去散散步吧。 Do you know the sleeping boy？你认识那个正在睡觉的男孩吗？ 考点拓展 go to sleep睡觉，入睡；get to sleep睡着，入睡；go to bed上床睡觉。一般说来， go to bed在前，然后才是go/get to sleep。 考题预测 Enough___B___ is good for your health.If you watch TV too late,you will feel______. A.sleep；sleeping B.sleep；sleepy C.sleep；sleep D.sleeping；sleep 【语境串记】 The little boy was so sleepy that he fell asleep in the sleeping bag. He is sleeping now. Don't make noise. 那个小男孩太困了， 以至于他在睡袋里睡着了。现在他正在睡觉， 不要制造噪声。 考点20.Safety tips (教材P88) safety /'seɪfti/ n.安全,平安;安全处所 [不可数名词] 其反义词是( 危险”。 For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane.为了您的自身安全， 请不要在飞机内吸烟。 It's a place where children can play in safety.这是可以让孩子们安全玩耍的地方。 考点21.You’ d better wear comfortable shoes and take some water. (教材P89) had better应该,最好 高频 用于表示建议、 劝告等。had better没有人称、 时态和数的变化, 后跟动词原形, 常简写为’ d better。had better (not) do sth. “最好 (不要) 做某事”。 You’ d better stop running and rest for a few days.你最好停下跑步，休息几天。 We’ d better not depend on our parents too much.我们最好不要太依赖父母。 You had better not stay up late. It's harmful to your health你最好不要熬夜， 熬夜有害身体。 1． 语法精讲 一般过去时 (I) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。其基本结构为“主语+动词的过去式+其他”。 考向1 一般过去时的用法 表示过去某个特定的时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如 just now、yesterday、 last week/ month/ year、 three days/a week ago、 in 1998等。 Mother felt ill last week.妈妈上周觉得身体不适。 Simon was unhappy yesterday.昨天西蒙不开心。 He was a teacher three years ago. 三年前他是一位老师。 拓展一般过去时的其他用法： (1) 表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。 He often helped me with my English last term.他上学期经常帮助我学习英语。 (2) 表示主语过去所具备的能力或性格。 The girl could play the piano at the age of 6.那个女孩6岁时会弹钢琴。 考向2 动词过去式的构成规则 1.规则动词的过去式变化 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed stay→stayed want→wanted talk→talked hand→handed 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词， 在词尾直接加-d love→loved arrive→arrived hope→hoped use→used 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，去掉y再加-ied study→studied worry→worried carry→carried cry→cried 以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped shop→shopped plan→planned hug→hugged 2.不规则动词的过去式变化 保持不变 put→put set→set cut→cut 元音有变化 come→came blow→blew get→got 辅音有变化 lend→lent spend→spent 元音、辅音均有变化 catch→caught buy→bought 特殊变化 am/is→was are→were eat→ate 二．写作精讲 本单元的话题是“户外活动”，要求学生能描述户外活动的经历及感受等相关内容。与此相关的写作通常有：①讲述一次难忘的户外活动经历；②介绍自己最喜欢的户外活动；③介绍户外活动前的准备工作及安全提示。在具体讲述户外活动经历时，时态以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主。 通常包含以下要点：①点明户外活动的时间、地点和参与者；②具体描述活动过程，如遇到的问题以及如何克服这些问题等；③表达活动的意义及感受。 开头句 Last summer, my classmates and I went on an unforgettable school trip to the nearby mountains.去年暑假，我和同学们去附近的山区进行了一次难忘的学校旅行。 It was an amazing experience!那是一次令人惊奇的经历！ 中间句 1.与具体活动有关 We spent the day exploring the hills, taking in fresh air and admiring all kinds of flowers and plants.我们花了一天时间游览山丘，呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏各种花草。 We took some great photos.我们拍了一些很棒的照片。 We had a picnic by a river, and we shared stories and laughter.我们在河边野餐，分享故事和欢笑。 2.与活动感受有关 We were very tired when we finally reached the top of the hill, but it was worth it.终于到达山顶时，我们都非常疲惫，但这一切都很值得。 结尾句 This activity was amazing because it gave us a chance to take a break from busy life and be close to nature.这次活动很棒，因为它让我们有机会从繁忙的生活中脱离出来，亲近大自然。 I can’t wait to do it again！我迫不及待地想再来一次！ An amazing outdoor activity Last summer, my classmates and I went on an unforgettable school trip to the nearby mountains. We spent the day exploring the hills, taking in fresh air and admiring all kinds of flowers and plants.At noon, we had a small picnic by a river, and we shared stories and laughter. We were very tired when we finally reached the top of the hill, but it was worth it. The view from the top was fantastic! This activity was amazing because it gave us a chance to take a break from busy life and be close to nature.It was also a great chance to create good memories with our classmates. I can’t wait to do it again! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$