精品解析：山东省济南市章丘第四中2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷

英语试卷 考生须知： 1．本卷满分150分，考试时间90分钟； 2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效 一、听力选择题 1. Which bus does Jack suggest taking to the sports centre? A．No.15. B．No.18. C．No.25. 2. What should people bring to the swimming pool? A．A towel. B．Soap. C．A swimming cap. 3. What can people buy at the sports centre? A．Fruit. B．Hamburgers. C．Sandwiches. 4. Where will the speakers probably eat today? A．At a Chinese restaurant B．At a British restaurant. C．At a French restaurant. 5. What does the man come for? A．A lecture. B．A party. C．A meeting. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why does the woman choose the course? A．It is multi-task. B．It is cost-effective. C．It is time-consuming. 7. What is the man going to do? A．Plant a tree. B．Move his car. C．Check the map. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does the woman call James? A．To pay her bill. B．To discuss the service. C．To confirm her monthly charge. 9. What did the man do last night? A．He went to a school. B．He talked with his friend. C．He saw a film on TV. 10. What does Kathy thank Dave for? A．Finding her a new job. B．Sending her a present. C．Calling on her mother. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Where do the most seals live? A．In the oceans near the poles. B．In the Atlantic Ocean. C．In the Pacific Ocean. 12. What kind of environment do lions prefer? A．A hot and wet place B．A cold and wet place. C．A dry and grassy place. 13. What is the main topic of the talk? A．Energy conservation. B．New housing construction. C．The number of bicycles and cars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first? A．To keep records of her progress. B．To sell home-grown vegetables. C．To motivate her fellow gardeners. 15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries? A．They need no special care. B．They can be used in cooking. C．They bear a lot of fruit soon. 16. What is difficult for Marie to grow? A．Herbs. B．Carrots. C．Pears. 17. What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening? A．Aim high. B．Keep focused. C．Stay optimistic. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What does the woman take when she goes shopping? A．A plastic bag. B．A basket. C．A cloth bag. 19. What is Johnson famous for? A．His acting talent B．His humorous writing. C．His long sports career. 20. Why does the man have so many plastic bottles? A．He wants to create a better environment. B．He wants to earn some pocket money. C．He often buys bottled drinks. 二、阅读理解 A Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country. In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851. For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace. The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc. 1. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1? A How the Irish fought against the English. B. How Ireland gained independence. C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. D. How two “Irelands” came into being. 2. What can we learn about Ireland from the text? A. Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population. B. People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside. C. It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker. D. Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments. 3. What can be the best title for the text? A. Life in Ireland B. A Very Difficult History C. Ireland, Past and Present D. The Independence of Ireland B There’s nothing like having a best friend forever—that person who you can have fun with and talk to. July 30 is the International Day of Friendship. Maybe you can keep an eye out for a new friend to get to know. And while we’re talking about friends, don’t think humans are the only ones who know a thing or two about friendship. Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out. An elephant and an olive baboon (东非狒狒) can be friends? It sounds strange, but it’s true. You can find this pair of friends in the grasslands of Africa. This unusual pair helps each other out like any good friends would. The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this “well” when it gets thirsty. In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near. It climbs up to the treetops and calls out so its friend knows that it’s time to move on. In the sea world, the goby fish (虾虎鱼) and the shrimp (虾) are well-known for their friendship. While the shrimp provides a home for the goby fish, the goby fish provides a guidance service for the almost blind shrimp. You see, the goby has great eyesight and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna (须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there. If the goby senses danger, she will return to the home and the shrimp will follow. The langur monkey has a very good friendship with the chital deer (花鹿). While the langur monkey eats in a tree, it drops leaves to the ground. This is good for the deer because sometimes there’s not much food. The deer will follow the monkey and eat whatever food is dropped. And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger. 4. How can an elephant help an olive baboon? A. By offering a shelter. B. By digging a waterhole. C. By guiding the way. D. By warning it of danger. 5. What does a shrimp do when moving around in the sea? A. It never swims far from its home. B. It goes home from time to time. C. It stays close to the goby fish. D. It uses its antenna for directions. 6. What do the olive baboon and the chital deer have in common? A. They have good eyesight. B. They have a good sense of smell. C. They warn their friends of danger. D. They live together with their friends. 7. What would be the best title for the text? A. Best friends forever B. The International Day of Friendship C. Love me, love my dog D. Friendships in the animal world C Where do you expect to see graffiti (涂鸦)? Probably not in a museum. Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, in the south-west of England, was the kind of place you went to see classical statues and stuffed animals in cases until the arrivals of the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009. The exhibition hosted more than 100 works by Banksy, one of the world’s most famous graffiti artists. Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的). Nobody knows much about his life or his background but many people believe that his real name is either Robin Cunningham, Robert Banks or Robin Banks and that he was born in 1973 near Bristol. Banksy’s questioned ‘street art’ includes paintings on live sheep and cows and graffiti on the huge wall put up to divide two areas. Brand Pitt spent over 82 million on a Bansky original. Banksy designed an album cover for the Britpop group Blur in 2003 but he has refused requests to do adverts for Nike. A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop. The film tells the story of a French street artist in America. Exit Through the Gift Shop received many positive reviews. Nobody knows if it was about a real artist or an invented character from Banksy’s imagination. Bristol isn’t the only place in Britain to welcome graffiti. The DPM Park in Dundee, Scotland has the longest legal graffiti wall (almost 110m long) in the UK. Anyone can paint on the council-owned wall any time they like. Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children. Is everyone doing graffiti? Can we do graffiti where we want these days? Not exactly. It’s illegal to paint on somebody else’s possessions, so make sure you find a legal graffiti wall like the one in Dundee if you want to have a go. 8. Why is Banksy a man of mystery? A. His works are mainly set in Bristol. B. His works are not universally recognized. C. He’s likely to use a penname in his works D. He comes from an area unfamilar to others. 9. What can be inferred about Exit Through the Gift Shop? A. It was produced in the year 2010. B. It was based on Banksy’s true story. C. It was directed and starred by Banksy. D. It was filmed for the Bristol exhibition. 10. Where can you do graffiti according to the author? A. On any wall in the UK. B. On somebody’s outer wall. C. In Mike Crilley’s workshops. D. In any nation-owned parks. 11. What does the passage mainly tell about? A. Different opinions on graffiti. B. Britain’s famous graffiti artist. C. Banksy’s most successful graffiti. D. Graffiti in major cities in the world. D In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?” Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. “We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features. What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity? “Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.” 12. What do we know about the records of species collected now? A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form. C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition. 13. What does Daru’s study focus on? A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens. C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications. 14. What has led to the biases according to the study? A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures. C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices. 15. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps? A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records. C Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists. E To an outsider，any culture can seem confusing.And the UK's got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows.However，understand the why and things might be less puzzling.___16___. In a world where 61％of nations drive on the right，Brits drive on the left.Why? Most people think it goes back to Medieval，maybe even Roman times.___17___ when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent，who would be on your right.This practice continued until the 18th century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left. Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water，the other cold.___18___.So，why this oddity? It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution.Drinkable cold water came from a mains supply，but hot water came from attic tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption.So they were kept apart. Millions of people drink tea worldwide，but the odd Brits put milk in theirs.Why? This mysterious practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th century when tea was first imposed.For the majority of Brits，the cups available couldn’t stand the heat of the boiling water and would break，so milk was added first.___19___.And this practical tweak soon became a national habit. ___20___.As you can see，these odd Brits have perfectly clear reasons for left-hand driving，two-tap sinks and tea with milk.Even if they still seem strange，at least now you’re in the know. A. This makes it difficult to improve B. There is a method to the madness C. This unusual behavior makes sense D. You can know the origins of the practices E. Either can make washing very uncomfortable F. This cooled the cup enough to resist the boiling water G. Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices 三、完形填空 In March 2020, when I stood alone in the middle of the main road to the Lake District，it felt like the end of the world. As a local ___21___ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic. But suddenly, everything ___22___. The lockdown(因疫情封锁)brought quietness to the area, and I did feel a sense of relief(放松)to be done with the ___23___ for a while. Just off the main road is Matterdale, where I ___24___ with my family. We own a farm and our work ___25___ tending farm animals. Like many who live in tourist attractions, we have been ___26___ by some visitors. My farming would have been significantly ___27___ without people parking in gateways, walking through the fields of lambs(羊羔)with running pet dogs ___28___ them, or giving up their tents along the river. ___29___ my complaints(抱怨), however, I would never refuse visitors’ presence. I do understand their need for ____30____ after months of busy city life. In fact, I think I ____31____ them too. Of course, communities like ours rely on the income that ____32____ creates. But to me, there is something more personal. I once took my kids to the lake. Near the shore, we saw boys and girls playing together. A young dad was ____33____ his kid’s hand as she tiptoed through the shallows(浅水处). An elderly couple were sitting in the shade, ____34____ the view. I found myself content knowing that I was ____35____ this landscape(景色)with others. As lockdown restrictions(限制)have ____36____ and visitors started to come back, I wonder how we can coexist ____37____ . For those who are reading this, I hope that my words can encourage you to ____38____ the communities you visit, and understand the responsibilities that come with ____39____ those places. Our love can coexist, even if it sometimes makes life a little ____40____. 21. A. farmer B. editor C. designer D. tourist 22. A. disappeared B. recovered C. changed D. survived 23. A. debate B. noise C. challenge D. contact 24. A. explore B. hike C. register D. live 25. A. turns to B. leads to C. focuses on D. gives way to 26. A. destroyed B. annoyed C. injured D. frightened 27. A. narrower B. harder C. cheaper D. easier 28. A. scaring B. hunting C. striking D. lecturing 29. A. Due to B. Despite C. Other than D. With regard to 30. A. rescue B. rest C. sweat D. shelter 31. A. need B. recommend C. prefer D. affect 32. A. heritage B. species C. tourism D. nature 33. A. appreciating B. tapping C. shaking D. holding 34. A. describing B. expecting C. comparing D. admiring 35. A. improving B. sharing C. identifying D. reserving 36. A. relaxed B. advanced C. flooded D. revived 37. A. happily B. creatively C. historically D. legally 38. A. threaten B. alarm C. respect D. forgive 39. A. establishing B. damaging C. visiting D. arranging 40. A. formal B. positive C. disastrous D. crowded 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. ____41____ (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for? Get yourself a few slices of watermelon ____42____ (celebrate) this delicious holiday. Watermelon is an ancient food that ____43____ (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, ____44____ (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world. Because of ____45____ (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴的) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, ____46____ watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people ____47____ (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season. Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are eatable. Its flesh can be eaten ____48____ (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, ____49____ thick green outer covering of the fruit serves ____50____ a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts. 五、书信写作 51. 你们学校的运动会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 个人介绍； 2. 自身优势； 3. 强烈意愿。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 六、书面表达 52. 假定你是李华，在英国一所中学做交换生，现在要参加一个以“Food & Culture”为主题的演讲活动。你准备介绍一种中国传统食物——元宵。请从元宵的历史、寓意及做法等方面写一篇演讲稿。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：蒸steam 炸fry 煮boil Dear friends, I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语试卷 考生须知： 1．本卷满分150分，考试时间90分钟； 2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效 一、听力选择题 1. Which bus does Jack suggest taking to the sports centre? A．No.15. B．No.18. C．No.25. 2. What should people bring to the swimming pool? A．A towel. B．Soap. C．A swimming cap. 3. What can people buy at the sports centre? A．Fruit. B．Hamburgers. C．Sandwiches. 4. Where will the speakers probably eat today? A．At a Chinese restaurant. B．At a British restaurant. C．At a French restaurant. 5. What does the man come for? A．A lecture. B．A party. C．A meeting. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why does the woman choose the course? A．It is multi-task. B．It is cost-effective. C．It is time-consuming. 7. What is the man going to do? A．Plant a tree. B．Move his car. C．Check the map. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why does the woman call James? A．To pay her bill. B．To discuss the service. C．To confirm her monthly charge. 9. What did the man do last night? A．He went to a school. B．He talked with his friend. C．He saw a film on TV. 10. What does Kathy thank Dave for? A．Finding her a new job. B．Sending her a present. C．Calling on her mother. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Where do the most seals live? A．In the oceans near the poles. B．In the Atlantic Ocean. C．In the Pacific Ocean. 12. What kind of environment do lions prefer? A．A hot and wet place. B．A cold and wet place. C．A dry and grassy place. 13. What is the main topic of the talk? A．Energy conservation. B．New housing construction. C．The number of bicycles and cars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first? A．To keep records of her progress. B．To sell home-grown vegetables. C．To motivate her fellow gardeners. 15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries? A．They need no special care. B．They can be used in cooking. C．They bear a lot of fruit soon. 16. What is difficult for Marie to grow? A．Herbs. B．Carrots. C．Pears. 17. What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening? A．Aim high. B．Keep focused. C．Stay optimistic. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What does the woman take when she goes shopping? A．A plastic bag. B．A basket. C．A cloth bag. 19. What is Johnson famous for? A．His acting talent. B．His humorous writing. C．His long sports career. 20. Why does the man have so many plastic bottles? A．He wants to create a better environment. B．He wants to earn some pocket money. C．He often buys bottled drinks. 二、阅读理解 A Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country. In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851. For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace. The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc. 1. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1? A. How the Irish fought against the English. B. How Ireland gained independence. C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. D. How two “Irelands” came into being. 2. What can we learn about Ireland from the text? A. Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population. B. People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside. C. It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker. D Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments. 3. What can be the best title for the text? A. Life in Ireland B. A Very Difficult History C. Ireland Past and Present D. The Independence of Ireland 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一段关于爱尔兰的历史,以及其文化、农业和人民的生活情况。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段中“The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.(结果就是今天有了两个“爱尔兰”。北部的北爱尔兰是英国的一部分。南部的爱尔兰共和国是一个独立的国家)”可知，作者告诉我们，“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.(在19世纪40年代，主要作物马铃薯受到疾病的影响，大约75万人死于饥饿)”可知，19世纪40年代的粮食短缺导致人口下降。故选A项。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ireland has had a very difficult history.(爱尔兰有一段非常艰难的历史)”以及第三段“For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.(多年来，大多数爱尔兰人以务农为生。今天，许多人仍然在土地上工作，但越来越多的人搬到城市，在工厂和办公室工作。城市的生活和农村的生活很不一样，那里的生活节奏更安静、更慢)”可知，文章讲述了爱尔兰的一段历史，没有详细讲爱尔兰的独立，B、D项排除；文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活，A项是对第三段的总结，不够全面。故总览全文，文章讲了爱尔兰的过去和现在，故选C项。 B There’s nothing like having a best friend forever—that person who you can have fun with and talk to. July 30 is the International Day of Friendship. Maybe you can keep an eye out for a new friend to get to know. And while we’re talking about friends, don’t think humans are the only ones who know a thing or two about friendship. Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out. An elephant and an olive baboon (东非狒狒) can be friends? It sounds strange, but it’s true. You can find this pair of friends in the grasslands of Africa. This unusual pair helps each other out like any good friends would. The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this “well” when it gets thirsty. In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near. It climbs up to the treetops and calls out so its friend knows that it’s time to move on. In the sea world, the goby fish (虾虎鱼) and the shrimp (虾) are well-known for their friendship. While the shrimp provides a home for the goby fish, the goby fish provides a guidance service for the almost blind shrimp. You see, the goby has great eyesight and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna (须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there. If the goby senses danger, she will return to the home and the shrimp will follow. The langur monkey has a very good friendship with the chital deer (花鹿). While the langur monkey eats in a tree, it drops leaves to the ground. This is good for the deer because sometimes there’s not much food. The deer will follow the monkey and eat whatever food is dropped. And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger. 4. How can an elephant help an olive baboon? A. By offering a shelter. B. By digging a waterhole. C. By guiding the way. D. By warning it of danger. 5. What does a shrimp do when moving around in the sea? A It never swims far from its home. B. It goes home from time to time. C. It stays close to the goby fish. D. It uses its antenna for directions. 6. What do the olive baboon and the chital deer have in common? A. They have good eyesight. B. They have a good sense of smell. C. They warn their friends of danger. D. They live together with their friends. 7. What would be the best title for the text? A. Best friends forever B. The International Day of Friendship C. Love me, love my dog D. Friendships in the animal world 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大自然中互相帮助的友好动物。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this “well” when it gets thirsty.(大象用它的门牙在沙子上挖一个水坑，当它口渴的时候，它让东非狒狒从这口“井”里喝水。)”可知，一只大象通过挖个水坑，让狒狒喝水，以此来帮助东非狒狒。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You see, the goby has great eyesight (视力) and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna(须) from time to time to make sure it's still there. If the goby senses danger, she will return to the home and the shrimp will follow.(你看，虾虎鱼有很好的视力，且离虾保持很近。当虾四处移动时，虾不时用它的须感觉到虾虎鱼，以确保它还在那里。如果虾虎鱼感觉到危险，它会回到住所，虾也会跟着。)”可知，当虾在海里游动时，它离虾虎鱼保持很近。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near. It climbs up to the treetops and calls out so its friend knows that it’s time to move on.(作为回报，当危险来临的时候，狒狒会告诉大象。它爬上树梢大声叫喊，让它的朋友知道是时候离开了。)”和最后一段中的“And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.(作为回报，当猴子从树上下来的时候，鹿会重重地放下它的脚，来告诉猴子它是否感觉到危险。)”可知，东非狒狒和花鹿的共同点是，它们会警告它们的朋友有危险。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out.( 看看这些在自然界中互相帮助的友好动物吧。)”以及下文所讲述的三对动物之间的友谊可知，本文介绍了动物界的友谊，故D项“Friendships in the animal world(动物世界的友谊)”可作本文的最佳标题。故选D。 C Where do you expect to see graffiti (涂鸦)? Probably not in a museum. Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, in the south-west of England, was the kind of place you went to see classical statues and stuffed animals in cases until the arrivals of the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009. The exhibition hosted more than 100 works by Banksy, one of the world’s most famous graffiti artists. Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的). Nobody knows much about his life or his background but many people believe that his real name is either Robin Cunningham, Robert Banks or Robin Banks and that he was born in 1973 near Bristol. Banksy’s questioned ‘street art’ includes paintings on live sheep and cows and graffiti on the huge wall put up to divide two areas. Brand Pitt spent over 82 million on a Bansky original. Banksy designed an album cover for the Britpop group Blur in 2003 but he has refused requests to do adverts for Nike. A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop. The film tells the story of a French street artist in America. Exit Through the Gift Shop received many positive reviews. Nobody knows if it was about a real artist or an invented character from Banksy’s imagination. Bristol isn’t the only place in Britain to welcome graffiti. The DPM Park in Dundee, Scotland has the longest legal graffiti wall (almost 110m long) in the UK. Anyone can paint on the council-owned wall any time they like. Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children. Is everyone doing graffiti? Can we do graffiti where we want these days? Not exactly. It’s illegal to paint on somebody else’s possessions, so make sure you find a legal graffiti wall like the one in Dundee if you want to have a go. 8. Why is Banksy a man of mystery? A. His works are mainly set in Bristol. B. His works are not universally recognized. C. He’s likely to use a penname in his works D. He comes from an area unfamilar to others. 9. What can be inferred about Exit Through the Gift Shop? A. It was produced in the year 2010. B. It was based on Banksy’s true story. C. It was directed and starred by Banksy. D. It was filmed for the Bristol exhibition. 10. Where can you do graffiti according to the author? A. On any wall in the UK. B. On somebody’s outer wall. C. In Mike Crilley’s workshops. D. In any nation-owned parks. 11. What does the passage mainly tell about? A. Different opinions on graffiti. B. Britain’s famous graffiti artist. C. Banksy’s most successful graffiti. D. Graffiti in major cities in the world. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国布里斯托尔博物馆举办的世界著名涂鸦艺术家班克斯的展览，探讨了班克斯神秘的身份和他的街头艺术作品。同时文章还提到了英国其他地方对涂鸦艺术的接纳，如苏格兰邓迪市的合法涂鸦墙，并强调了涂鸦应在合法的场所进行。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的).”（班克斯是一个神秘的人。他很少接受采访，喜欢匿名。）可推知，班克斯是一个神秘的人，因为他很可能在作品中使用笔名。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, in the south-west of England, was the kind of place you went to see classical statues and stuffed animals in cases until the arrivals of the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009.”（ 布里斯托尔博物馆和艺术画廊位于英格兰西南部，在2009年“班克斯与布里斯托尔博物馆”展览到来之前，是你去看古典雕像和填充动物标本的地方。）以及第三段中“A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop.”（在布里斯托尔展览一年后，班克斯制作了一部名为《Exit Through the Gift Shop》的电影。）可推知，《Exit Through the Gift Shop》这部电影是2010年拍摄的。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children.”（涂鸦墙项目组织者Mike Crilley，他推广涂鸦的积极之处，并为当地的孩子们开设工作坊。）可推知，你可以在Mike Crilley的工作坊里做涂鸦。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Where do you expect to see graffiti (涂鸦)? Probably not in a museum. Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, in the south-west of England, was the kind of place you went to see classical statues and stuffed animals in cases until the arrivals of the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009. The exhibition hosted more than 100 works by Banksy, one of the world’s most famous graffiti artists.”（你想在哪里看到涂鸦?可能不是在博物馆里。布里斯托尔博物馆和艺术画廊位于英格兰西南部，在2009年“班克斯与布里斯托尔博物馆”展览到来之前，是你去看古典雕像和填充动物标本的地方。这次展览展出了世界上最著名的涂鸦艺术家之一——班克斯的100多件作品。）以及全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲的是英国布里斯托尔博物馆举办的世界著名涂鸦艺术家班克斯的展览，探讨了班克斯神秘的身份和他的街头艺术作品。故选B项。 D In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?” Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. “We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features. What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity? “Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.” 12. What do we know about the records of species collected now? A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form. C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition. 13. What does Daru’s study focus on? A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens. C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications. 14 What has led to the biases according to the study? A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures. C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices. 15. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps? A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records. C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性记录存在偏见，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. (今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式出现。)”可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? (这些观察结果现在超过了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：它们有用吗?)”和第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。”)”以及第五段“This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.( 这是有道理的，因为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触。)”可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image. (生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来告知用户样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份。)”可知，Daru 建议生物多样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导。故选D。 【点睛】 E To an outsider，any culture can seem confusing.And the UK's got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows.However，understand the why and things might be less puzzling.___16___. In a world where 61％of nations drive on the right，Brits drive on the left.Why? Most people think it goes back to Medieval，maybe even Roman times.___17___ when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent，who would be on your right.This practice continued until the 18th century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left. Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water，the other cold.___18___.So，why this oddity? It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution.Drinkable cold water came from a mains supply，but hot water came from attic tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption.So they were kept apart. Millions of people drink tea worldwide，but the odd Brits put milk in theirs.Why? This mysterious practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th century when tea was first imposed.For the majority of Brits，the cups available couldn’t stand the heat of the boiling water and would break，so milk was added first.___19___.And this practical tweak soon became a national habit. ___20___.As you can see，these odd Brits have perfectly clear reasons for left-hand driving，two-tap sinks and tea with milk.Even if they still seem strange，at least now you’re in the know. A. This makes it difficult to improve B. There is a method to the madness C. This unusual behavior makes sense D. You can know the origins of the practices E. Either can make washing very uncomfortable F. This cooled the cup enough to resist the boiling water G. Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【分析】本文属于说明文，介绍英国靠左驾驶、水槽边有冷热两个水龙头以及喝茶加牛奶的习俗及其来源。 【16题详解】 分析文章可知，第二段至第四段分别介绍英国靠左驾驶、水槽边有冷热两个水龙头以及喝茶加牛奶的习俗及其来源， G选项，以下就是三个比较特殊的英国习惯的来源，开启下面的三段，切题，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据本空后一句when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.可知，如果你还记得在中世纪或者罗马时代，习惯用右手的人会把剑佩戴在臀部左侧，故C选项，这个不寻常的行为就讲得通了，后一句讲原因，前一句讲结果，切题，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据前一句Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water，the other cold.可知，去英国的游客会注意传统的水盆边，有两个水龙头，一个冷水，一个热水，会很奇怪。E选项，用任何一个水龙头都会让洗手变得不舒服，讲述上一句现象的影响，切题，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据前一句For the majority of Brits，the cups available couldn’t stand the heat of the boiling water and would break，so milk was added first.可知，当时，大多数英国人能够使用的杯子无法承受开水的热量就会破裂，因此他们就先把牛奶加进去。F选项，这样就会降低杯子的温度，使之能够正常使用，讲述前一情况的原理，切题，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据文章可知，本处是对上文的总结，而B选项There is a method to the madness，看似疯狂，实则有理，很好对上文进行总结，切题，故选B。 【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。 若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。 比如小题1，分析文章可知，第二段至第四段分别介绍英国靠左驾驶、水槽边有冷热两个水龙头以及喝茶加牛奶的习俗及其来源， G选项，以下就是三个比较特殊的英国习惯的来源，开启下面的三段，切题，故选G。 三、完形填空 In March 2020, when I stood alone in the middle of the main road to the Lake District，it felt like the end of the world. As a local ___21___ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic. But suddenly, everything ___22___. The lockdown(因疫情封锁)brought quietness to the area, and I did feel a sense of relief(放松)to be done with the ___23___ for a while. Just off the main road is Matterdale, where I ___24___ with my family. We own a farm and our work ___25___ tending farm animals. Like many who live in tourist attractions, we have been ___26___ by some visitors. My farming would have been significantly ___27___ without people parking in gateways, walking through the fields of lambs(羊羔)with running pet dogs ___28___ them, or giving up their tents along the river. ___29___ my complaints(抱怨), however, I would never refuse visitors’ presence. I do understand their need for ____30____ after months of busy city life. In fact, I think I ____31____ them too. Of course, communities like ours rely on the income that ____32____ creates. But to me, there is something more personal. I once took my kids to the lake. Near the shore, we saw boys and girls playing together. A young dad was ____33____ his kid’s hand as she tiptoed through the shallows(浅水处). An elderly couple were sitting in the shade, ____34____ the view. I found myself content knowing that I was ____35____ this landscape(景色)with others. As lockdown restrictions(限制)have ____36____ and visitors started to come back, I wonder how we can coexist ____37____ . For those who are reading this, I hope that my words can encourage you to ____38____ the communities you visit, and understand the responsibilities that come with ____39____ those places. Our love can coexist, even if it sometimes makes life a little ____40____. 21. A. farmer B. editor C. designer D. tourist 22. A. disappeared B. recovered C. changed D. survived 23. A. debate B. noise C. challenge D. contact 24. A. explore B. hike C. register D. live 25. A. turns to B. leads to C. focuses on D. gives way to 26. A. destroyed B. annoyed C. injured D. frightened 27. A. narrower B. harder C. cheaper D. easier 28. A. scaring B. hunting C. striking D. lecturing 29. A. Due to B. Despite C. Other than D. With regard to 30. A. rescue B. rest C. sweat D. shelter 31. A. need B. recommend C. prefer D. affect 32. A. heritage B. species C. tourism D. nature 33. A. appreciating B. tapping C. shaking D. holding 34. A. describing B. expecting C. comparing D. admiring 35. A. improving B. sharing C. identifying D. reserving 36. A. relaxed B. advanced C. flooded D. revived 37. A. happily B. creatively C. historically D. legally 38. A. threaten B. alarm C. respect D. forgive 39. A. establishing B. damaging C. visiting D. arranging 40. A. formal B. positive C. disastrous D. crowded 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在景区有一个农场，游客们的一些不文明的行文给农场带来的一些破坏，作者希望游客们负责任的旅游，尊重到访的地区。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为当地的农民，我已经习惯了繁忙的交通。A. farmer农民；B. editor编辑；C. designer设计师；D. tourist游客。根据下文中的“We own a farm and our work ___5___ tending farm animals.”可知，拥有农场并照顾农场动物的是农民。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但突然，一切都变了。A. disappeared消失；B. recovered恢复；C. changed改变；D. survived幸存。根据上文中的“As a local ___1___ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic.”以及下文中的“The lockdown(因疫情封锁)brought quietness to the area...”可知，封控将这片区域变的安静起来，这是与以前的拥挤的交通相比，发生了很大的变化。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：封锁给这个地区带来了安静，我确实有一种暂时摆脱噪音的解脱感。A. debate辩论；B. noise噪音；C. challenge挑战；D. contact联系，接触。根据上文中的“As a local ___1___ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic.”可知，拥挤的交通产生的是噪音，因疫情封控，所以可以暂时摆脱噪音片刻。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：离大路不远就是马特代尔，我和家人住在那里。A. explore探索；B. hike徒步旅行；C. register注册，登记；D. live生活。根据下文中的“Like many who live in tourist attractions…”可知，作者跟其他生活在景区的人一样，所以此处应为“一家人生活在一起”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们拥有一个农场，我们的工作重点是照顾农场里的动物。A. turns to求助；B. leads to导致；C. focuses on关注；D. gives way to让步。根据上文中的“We own a farm and …”可知，作者家拥有一个农场，工作就是“专心”照顾这些动物。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像许多住在旅游景点的人一样，我们也曾被一些游客惹恼过。A. destroyed破坏；B. annoyed惹恼；C. injured受伤；D. frightened害怕。根据下文中的“people parking in gateways, walking through the fields of lambs(羊羔)with running pet dogs ___8___ them, or giving up their tents along the river.”可知，游客的一系列不文明的行为会让作者“恼火”。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有人把车停在门口，没有人带着吓到羊羔的狗穿过田野，没有人把帐篷丢弃在河边，我的农场会容易得多。A. narrower比较狭窄的；B. harder比较困难的；C. cheaper比较便宜的；D. easier比较容易的。根据下文的“without people parking in gateways…”可知，要是没有这些不文明的行为，作者他们的生活可能会更容易一些。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有人把车停在门口，没有人带着吓到羊羔的狗穿过田野，没有人把帐篷丢弃在河边，我的农场会容易得多。A. scaring使害怕；B. hunting打猎；C. striking袭击；D. lecturing教训。根据空前的“with running pet dogs”以及常识可知，跑动的宠物狗会“吓到”羊羔。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管我抱怨，我从来不会拒绝访客的存在。A. Due to由于；B. Despite尽管；C. Other than除了；D. With regard to关于。根据下文中的“my complaints(抱怨)”与“ I would never refuse visitors’ presence.”可知，此处表示的是转折关系，尽管我抱怨很多，但从不拒绝游客的出现。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我理解他们在城市生活几个月后需要休息。A. rescue营救；B. rest休息；C. sweat汗水；D. shelter避护。根据下文中的“after months of busy city life.”可知，繁忙的城市生活之后，人们需要的是休息。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我觉得我也需要它们。A. need需要；B. recommend推荐；C. prefer更喜欢；D. affect影响。根据下文中的“Of course, communities like ours rely on the income…”可知，像我们这样的社区收入依赖这些游客，所以作者“需要”他们。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，像我们这样的社区依赖旅游业创造的收入。A. heritage遗产；B. species种类；C. tourism旅游；D. nature自然。根据上文中的“Like many who live in tourist attractions, we have been ___6___ by some visitors.”可知，此处指的是“旅游业”所创造的收入。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的父亲牵着孩子的手，她踮着脚尖走过浅滩。A. appreciating欣赏，感激；B. tapping轻敲；C. shaking揺晃；D. holding握住。根据下文中的“as she tiptoed through the shallows(浅水处).”可知，在孩子踮着脚尖过水时，父亲会紧紧的“握着”孩子的手。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一对老夫妇坐在树荫下欣赏风景。A. describing描述；B. expecting期望；C. comparing比较；D. admiring欣赏。结合语境可知，此处讲述的是一对夫妇在树荫下“欣赏”风景。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己很满足，因为我知道自己正在与他人分享这片风景。A. improving改善；B. sharing分享；C. identifying识别；D. reserving预留。根据上文中的“I found myself content”以及语境可知，作者感到很满足，是因为与大家“分享”美景。故选B项。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着封锁措施的放松，游客开始陆续回来，我们如何才能愉快地共处呢?A. relaxed放松，放宽；B. advanced前进；C. flooded淹没；D. revived复活。根据上文中的as以及下文中的“visitors started to come back.”可知，游客之所以能回来是封控限制“放宽”。故选A项。 37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着封锁措施的放松，游客开始陆续回来，我们如何才能愉快地共处呢?A. happily快乐地；B. creatively有创造力地；C. historically历史上地；D. legally合法地。根据上文中的“___9___ my complaints(抱怨), however, I would never refuse visitors’ presence.”可知，游客的不文明行为让作者抱怨不断，所以，现在封控放松，作者希望能够“快乐地”相处。故选A项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些正在阅读这篇文章的人，我希望我的话能鼓励你们尊重你们所访问的社区，并理解访问这些地方所带来的责任。A. threaten威胁；B. alarm警报；C. respect尊敬；D. forgive原谅。根据上文中的encourage以及下文中的“and understand the responsibilities”可知，此处应该是指希望游客“尊敬”社区生活。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些正在阅读这篇文章的人，我希望我的话能鼓励你们尊重你们所访问的社区，并理解访问这些地方所带来的责任。A. establishing建立；B. damaging损坏；C. visiting参观，访问；D. arranging安排。根据上文中的“I hope that my words can encourage you to ___18___ the communities you visit…”可知，游客是来“参观，访问”景区地。故选C项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的爱可以共存，即使它有时让生活有点拥挤。A. formal正式的；B. positive积极的；C. disastrous灾难性的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据首段中的“As a local ___1___ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic.”可知，正常情况下，游客到来就会使得当地“拥挤”起来。故选D项。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. ____41____ (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for? Get yourself a few slices of watermelon ____42____ (celebrate) this delicious holiday. Watermelon is an ancient food that ____43____ (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, ____44____ (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world. Because of ____45____ (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴的) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, ____46____ watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people ____47____ (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season. Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are eatable. Its flesh can be eaten ____48____ (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, ____49____ thick green outer covering of the fruit serves ____50____ a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts. 【答案】41. Made 42. to celebrate 43. is believed 44. varieties 45. its 46. where 47. went 48. directly 49. the 50. as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西瓜的发源与其价值。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种水果几乎92%的成分是水，富含维生素A、维生素C和抗氧化剂。be made of...为固定短语，意为“由……组成”；分析句子可知，句中make是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the fruit间为被动关系，表示“这种水果是几乎由92%的水组成”，应用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Made。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃几片西瓜来庆祝这个美味的节日吧。分析句子，celebrate是非谓语动词，“(celebrate) this delicious holiday”是“Get yourself a few slices of watermelon”的目的，应用不定式to celebrate作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：西瓜是一种古老的食物，被认为起源于非洲。分析句子可知，believe(认为)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词an ancient food)之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is believed。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：今天，各种各样的水果生长在世界上温暖的地方。varieties of...是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：由于西瓜含水量高，是一种解渴的水果。根据句意，提示词作定语修饰名词词组high water content，应用形容性物主代词its。故填its。 【46题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：实上，在喀拉哈里沙漠，西瓜被称为“tsamma”，它是干旱炎热季节的主要水源之一。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Kalahari Desert，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在喀拉哈里沙漠”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【47题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去，人们只在风沙季节穿越沙漠。分析句子可知，go是句中谓语动词，与主语people之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语In the past，应使用一般过去时态。故填went。 【48题详解】 考查副词。句意：它的果肉可以直接食用或榨汁食用。提示词修饰动词be eaten，应用副词directly，意为“直接地”。故填directly。 【49题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在世界上的许多地方，这厚厚的绿色瓜皮被作为一道菜，它的种子被晒干，烘烤，像坚果一样享用。根据上文可知，句中thick green outer指西瓜厚厚的绿色瓜皮，特指，用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 【50题详解】 考查介词。句意：在世界上的许多地方，这厚厚的绿色瓜皮被作为一道菜，它的种子被晒干，烘烤，像坚果一样享用。serve as...是固定搭配，意为“担任……；充当……”，介词as表示“作为，当”。故填as。 五、书信写作 51. 你们学校的运动会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 个人介绍； 2. 自身优势； 3. 强烈意愿。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I’m Li Hua, a student from Hongxing Middle School. I’m outgoing and good at communicating with others. I once organized a sports event in my school, so I have relevant experience. Moreover, I have received professional training on event support work which has further enhanced my ability to handle various situations. I’m really eager to be a volunteer for the school sports meeting. I believe I can contribute to the smooth running of the event and offer good service to participants. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于申请信。要求考生以李华的身份给运动会组委会写一封申请信，介绍个人情况，阐述自身优势并表达成为运动会志愿者的意愿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 外向的：outgoing → extroverted 相关的：relevant → related 处理：handle → manage/deal with 提供：offer → provide 2. 句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：I once organized a sports event in my school, so I have relevant experience. 拓展句：As I once organized a sports event in my school, which was a great success, I have gained a wealth of relevant experience. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Moreover, I have received professional training on event support work which has further enhanced my ability to handle various situations. (运用了关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型 2] I believe I can contribute to the smooth running of the event and offer good service to participants. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) 六、书面表达 52. 假定你是李华，在英国一所中学做交换生，现在要参加一个以“Food & Culture”为主题的演讲活动。你准备介绍一种中国传统食物——元宵。请从元宵的历史、寓意及做法等方面写一篇演讲稿。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：蒸steam 炸fry 煮boil Dear friends, I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening. 【答案】佳作展示 Dear friends, I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here to introduce a traditional Chinese food—yuanxiao, which is made of sticky rice powder with sweet fillings. Yuanxiao, or tangyuan, is the main food for the Lantern Festival. The sweet fillings stand for people's wish for happiness and the round shape is a symbol of reunion. Making yuanxico is really a good way to create a harmonious family atmosphere. Ways of cooking yuanxiao vary from place to place. Generally, they are steamed, boiled or fried. Some are served dry with sugar, while others with soup. I hope the information above is of some help to you. If you want to know more details, please contact me. Welcome to China and I hope you will experience our food culture by yourself! Thanks for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生对于要参加一个以“Food & Culture”为主题的演讲活动，写一篇演讲稿介绍一种中国传统食物——元宵。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸的：honored→ privileged 代表：stand for → represent 不同：vary from→ differ from 联系：contact→ touch 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I hope the information above is of some help to you. 拓展句：I hope I give you the information above, which is of some help to you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here to introduce a traditional Chinese food—yuanxiao, which is made of sticky rice powder with sweet fillings. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2 Making yuanxico is really a good way to create a harmonious family atmosphere.（运用了动名词短语Making yuanxiao做主语，不定式短语 to create a harmonious family atmosphere 做后置定语修饰 a good way。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$