2025届高三英语二轮复习语法复习：虚拟语气课件

虚拟语气 PART.01 虚拟语气是什么？ 2 英语的三大语气 1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。 I am a trustworthy man. 2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形） Give me 5 Yuan now. 3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 I wish I were rich. 3 If I have time, I will go with them. If I were you, I would go with them. 比较 真实条件句 虚拟条件句 真实的语气（陈述）和虚拟语气之间的区别，体现在_________________的形式上。 谓语动词 4 part2 If引导的虚拟条件句 5 A 后悔药 对过去的虚拟 B 百日梦 对现在的 虚拟 C 妄想症 对将来的 虚拟 If he hadn't made the mistake , he would have got full marks. If she had worked hard , she would have gone to QingHua University . 后悔药—对过去事实的虚拟—归纳谓语: 从句谓语为_________, 主语谓语动词为__________ had done would/could/should/might+ have done Long time ago, a farmer saved a snake. But later, the farmer was bitten by the snake and died. The Farmer And The Snake农夫与蛇 What would have happened if the farmer hadn’t seen the snake? If the farmer ___________(not see) the snake, he _________________ (not put) it under his coat. If he __________ (not put)it under his coat ,the snake ___________________ (not bite)him.If the snake____________ (not bite)him,he __________________(not die). hadn’t seen wouldn’t have put hadn’t put wouldn’t have bitten hadn’t bitten wouldn’t have died. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气： 白日药—对现在事实的虚拟—归纳谓语: 从句谓语为_________, 主语谓语动词为__________ did (be-were) would/could/should/might+do If I were headmaster, I would make your holiday longer. If I had one billion , I would give you one million. 如果我是一名亿万富翁，我会建一座图书馆。如果我有足够的钱，我为每一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是超人，我会保卫世界和平。 If I ______ a billionaire, I _____ build a library. If I _____ enough money, I ___________ (supply) free meals to the students. If I ______ a superman, I ______ keep the whole world peace. were would had would supply were would If you married were to marry should marry me tomorrow, I would get the moon for you.r. 妄想症—对将来事实的虚拟—归纳谓语: 从句谓语为: 主语谓语动词为: 1.did (be-were) 2.were to do 3.should do would/could/should/might+do If the God _____________________________(give) me another chance，I____________ (tell) the girl three words, “ I love you.” If I ______(have to) set a time limit to our love, it___________ (be)10,000 years! should give/were to give/gave would tell had to would be 如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会， 我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。 如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是--一万年! 虚拟条件从句(If) 主 句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设 主语+did/were 主语+should / would/ could / might + do 主语+ had done 主语+ should / would/ could / might + have done 主语+should / would/ could / might + do 主语+1.did 2.should do 3.were to do 14 Practice: Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _______ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had If we ______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might 1. If I had hurried, I    the train. A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had caught c 2. If you had listened to the doctor, you      all right now. A. are              B. were              C. would be         D. would have been c 3. If I    you, I wouldn’t return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. were D 4. （如果你早到十分钟）， you could have seen them off. 5. _____ （如果我会说法语），I could talk to the French friends. 6. （如果他同意去的话），we would send him there. If you had arrived ten minutes earlier, If I knew French If he should agree to go there 1. 虚拟条件句中，从句be动词只有were If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 易错点 2. 错综时间条件句→看各自的时态 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 易错点 3. 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时，if 可省略，而将 were, should, had等词置于句首。 1）Were she here, she would agree with us. 2）Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 3）Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 易错点 4. 含蓄条件句，常用with, without, but for ,or ,otherwise代替 if 条件状语从句： 易错点 If there were no water, fish could not live. =Without water, fish could not live. If you hadn’t helped me ,I would not have succeed. = But for your help , I would not have succeed.    1. , I would take an umbrella with me. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you C 2. Without air, there _________ (be) no living things now. B.would be A.will be C.has been D.had been B 3. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _______ . A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved A 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 1. wish 后接的宾语从句 表示动作所发生的时间 谓语动词的虚拟形式 动作发生在主句动作之前 had done 动作与主句动作同时发生 did (be 动词用were) 动作发生在主句动作之后 would/could/might+do I wish every day were my birthday. I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. 3. He wishes he could become a scientist some day. — Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. — I wish they _______ always late. A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。在不同情况下，其虚拟语气的结构为： 表示现在或将来的愿望：did 表示过去的愿望：had done 2. would rather 句型 I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had seen the film yesterday. Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 3. 表示要求,命令,建议等动词后的宾语从句 在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中，谓语动词“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。 口诀！！！！！ 一坚持 (insist) 二命令 (order，command) 三建议 (suggest, propose, advise) 四要求 (require，request，demand, ask) 。 My mom suggests that we ________ eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old. A. was B. be C. were D. is 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用 1. It’s +adj./n. + that 从句 在该结构中，若形容词为 necessary / strange / natural / essential / important /a pity / a shame / no wonder 等时，that引导的从句要用虚拟语气, 即(should)+动词原形。 It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that he should speak to his father like that. It’s necessary that we should study hard. It is a pity that we should not meet last night —Don’t you think it is necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York? —I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用 1. as if /though + 方式状语从句 表示动作所发生的时间 谓语动词的虚拟形式 动作发生在主句动作之前 had +过去分词 动作与主句动作同时发生 did (be 动词用were) 动作发生在主句动作之后 would/could/should/might+ 动词原形 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. He coughed twice as if someone should come. Don’t handle the vase as if it _______ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him _________ he had done something very clever. A. as if B. in case C. while D. though Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ________ yesterday. A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. had happened 虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用 1. It’s (about/high) time +that… 英语中，表示“早该做某事了”时，后接的 that 引导的定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is (high/about) time (that)+主语+ 动词的过去式/should + 动词原形。 It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he _______ something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 其他类型的虚拟语气 1. 由 If only 引导的感叹句中, “要是……就好了” 与wish的虚拟语气结构一样 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 If only our parents could live with us! 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only I hadn’t missed the train! 2. 含有If it were not for 或 If it had not been for 的虚拟条件句。 要不是你的帮助，我们就不可能提前完成任务。 If it had not been for .your help , we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time 3. 情态动词+ have done could have done 本来可以做 might have done 本来可能做 would have done 本来会去做 should / ought to have done 本来应该做 shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不该做 needn’t have done 本不必做 must have done 肯定做过某事 （对过去事实肯定的推测） can’t have done 不可能做过某事 （对过去事实否定的推测） The teacher _________ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him, I suppose. A. should B. can C. would D. must Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed ,he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t It _____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A. may B. can C. must D. should She __________ have left school, for her bike is still here. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. —Oh, you ______ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn’t C. should D. shouldn’t 《感谢观看》 - Thanks for Viewing - $$