内容正文:
语言点
Using Language
Page56(mainly)
(指示性缩略语说明:Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page56指课本第56页。相关类似)
(颜色使用说明:红色为宏观位置提示。绿色为重要语言点提醒。紫色为必做笔记部分。)
(附录一:默写与背诵语言点。附录二:课文汉语译文)
Exercise2, Line1, Page54
drown vi.& vt. (使)淹死;溺死;浸泡;淹没
(1)drown sth out (噪声)盖过,淹没
drown one’s fears/loneliness/sorrows (in wine) 借酒壮胆/排解寂寞/浇愁
drown oneself in…(=be drowned in…) 沉浸于……
(2)drowning 快要淹死的
drowned 溺亡的
例句
She turned up the radio to drown out the noise from next door.
她开大了收音机的音量以压过隔壁房间的吵闹声。
单句填空
①Both the speaker and his speech were drowned by the disapproval of the crowd.
②When he was fishing off the island he was caught in a storm and almost (drown).
③Seeing the (drown) boy struggling in the water, his friends called for help.
Keys: ①out ②drowned ③drowning
完成句子
④It is no use trying to .
想借酒浇愁于事无补。
⑤The mountain was covered with heavy forest, where waterfall spray threatened footings and thundering streams could .
大山被茂密的森林所覆盖,瀑布水花冲刷着地基,雷鸣般的溪流可能淹没了这个孩子的呼救声。
Keys: ④drown your sorrows in drink/wine ⑤drown out the child’s cry for help
Exercise4, Follow instructions, Line10, Page55
…listen carefully and don’t panic.
……仔细听,不要惊慌。
panic vi. & vt. (panicked, panicked; panicking)(使)惊慌 n.惊恐;恐慌
(1)in panic 惊慌地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌(动作)
throw sb into a panic 使某人陷入恐慌
(2)panic sb/sth into doing sth使某人/事物仓皇行事,使某人/事物仓促行动
panic over/about/at… 因……而恐慌
例句
It is essential that we shouldn’t get into a panic when faced with emergencies.
面对紧急情况时,我们不要陷入恐慌,这是至关重要的。
单句填空
①Don’t panic your exams—I know you—I’m sure you’ll do just fine.
②The sound of gunshots was sure to panic the birds flying in all directions.
③The school received a call from a (panic) student who lost all his coursework on a train.
Keys: ①over/about/at ②into ③panicked
完成句子
④Realizing that she had missed the exam time, , feeling the blood in her body freeze rapidly.
意识到自己错过了考试时间,她惊慌失措,感觉体内的血液迅速凝固起来。(读后续写之心理描写)
⑤The roar of the wild wolf ,and I wasn’t aware of how to ease the overwhelming panic.
野狼的咆哮声把我吓得尖叫起来,我不知道如何缓解这无法抵挡的恐慌。(读后续写之心理描写)
Keys: ④she panicked ⑤panicked me into screaming
Para1, Line1, Page56
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
陈伟是北京的一名高中生,当他听到另一桌有人在尖叫时,他的晚餐被打断了。
interrupt vi. & vt.打断;打扰 vt.使暂停;使中断
(1)interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) (因某事)打断(某人/某事)
(2)interrupted adj. 中断的
(3)interruption n. 打扰;打岔
without interruption 连续地;不断地
单句填空
①She has kept up physical training for several years without (interrupt).
②The front door bell rang violently, (interrupt) their delightful conversation.
③[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms moved in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly (interrupt) our peaceful morning trip.
Keys: ①interruption ②interrupting ③interrupted
完成句子
④We had to when we heard John’s mother had had an accident.
我们听到约翰母亲发生意外后,不得不中断了我们的行程。
⑤His speech by stormy applause as soon as he began to make his speech.
他一开始演讲就被暴风雨般的掌声不停地打断。
Keys: ④interrupt our trip ⑤was frequently interrupted
Para1, Line2, Page56
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
陈伟是北京的一名高中生,当他听到另一桌有人在尖叫时,他的晚餐被打断了。
scream vi. & vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊;大声叫 n.尖叫;尖锐刺耳的声音
(1)scream at 朝……尖叫
scream for 为……而尖叫
scream out 尖声喊出;尖叫着
(2)let out a scream 发出尖叫
a scream of happiness/pain 高兴的/痛苦的尖叫声
单句填空
①When the song began and the singer showed up, all the fans were screaming .
②He hung on for a few minutes and screamed his father, but his father didn’t hear him.
③To play in front of 40,000 (scream) fans was a great experience.
Keys: ①out ②for ③screaming
完成句子
④At the sight of the pleasant surprise, Rachel jumped with joy and .
看到这个惊喜,瑞秋高兴得跳了起来,兴奋得尖叫。(读后续写之动作描写)
⑤Crying in pain, Jack tried to get up, but he didn’t have the strength to rise, collapsing on the ground and .
杰克痛苦地哭着,试图站起来,但他却没有力气,倒在地上,拼命呼救。(读后续写之动作描写)
Keys: ④screamed with excitement ⑤screaming desperately for help
Para1, Line2, Page56
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. 陈伟是北京的一名高中生,当他听到另一桌有人在尖叫时,他的晚餐被打断了。
have sth done 使某人做某事
句式点拨
句中had his dinner interrupted是“have+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构,have 用作使役动词,his dinner与动词interrupt之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。
相关拓展
(1)have/get sth done使某事被做(可能是主语自己做,也可能是让别人做);遭遇或经历某种不幸的事情
(2)have sb do sth 让某人做某事(do强调做某事这一事实)
(3)have sb/sth doing sth让某人/某物一直做某事(doing强调持续进行某一动作;在否定句中意为“不允许做某事”)
[提示] have sth to do意为“有某事要做”(have作“有”讲,不定式作后置定语)。
单句填空
①It’s better to have your car (wash) before you get into the city.
②Mother always tells me not to have the lights (burn) in the daytime.
③—Can I have the document right now?
—Of course. Wait a minute and I’ll have my secretary (print) it for you.
④—Hurry up! Don’t have the car (wait) at the gate.
—I’ll be ready after I have my suitcase (pack).
Keys: ①washed ②burning ③print ④waiting; packed
完成句子
⑤After , Professor Smith went straight to the laboratory to proceed with his experiments.
理完发后,史密斯教授直接去实验室继续做实验。
⑥Our head teacher .Even if we have finished our homework, he
always to broaden our horizons. 我们班主任不能容忍我们浪费时间。即使我们已完成作业,他也总是让我们阅读经典来开阔我们的视野。
Keys: ⑤he had had his hair cut/having had his hair cut ⑥can’t/won’t have us wasting our time; has us read classics
Para1, Line3, Page56
He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
他现在按着喉咙,满脸通红,与此同时他的朋友们正拼命拍打他的背部。
desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的
(1)be desperate for sth 非常需要某物
be desperate to do sth 极想/拼命地做某事
(2)desperately adv. 绝望地
单句填空
①Having walked for half an hour in such hot weather, he was desperate a cold drink.
②As a club, we are desperate (win) the Champions League and we will do all we can to do that this year.
③Faced with this serious problem, he took a deep breath, (desperate) trying to keep calm.
Keys: ①for ②to win ③desperately
完成句子/句式改写
④ , I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.
我非常渴望有机会成为一名志愿者,希望你能给我这个宝贵的机会。(应用文写作之申请信)
⑤Seeing the result of the exam, I that I felt as if I were torn into pieces and confidence seemed to desert me for a moment.
→Seeing the result of the exam, that I felt as if I were torn into pieces and confidence seemed to desert me for a moment.(用倒装句改写)
看到考试结果,我是如此绝望以至于感觉自己好像被撕成了碎片,我一时间失去了信心。
Keys: ④Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer ⑤was so desperate; so desperate was I
Para2, Line3, Page56
With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet.
在张涛朋友们的帮助下, 他帮助张涛站起身来。
help sb to one’s feet 帮助某人站起身来
jump to one’s feet 一下子跳起来
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
get/rise to one’s feet 站起身
stand on one’s own (two) feet 独立;自立
(get) back on one’s feet 恢复;完全复原
drag one’s feet 拖着脚走;迟缓误事,拖拉
用feet短语的适当形式填空
①The new chairman hopes to get the company within six months.
②Bravely, Mary , and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.
③At the end of the performance, the audience cheering wildly.
④No matter what you said or did, he just seems to .
Keys: ①back on its feet ②struggled to her feet ③rose/got to their feet ④drag his feet
完成句子
⑤On seeing the old man collapse on the ground, a stranger dashed to and immediately called an ambulance for help.
一看到那个老人晕倒在了地上,一个陌生人冲过去扶他站起来,并立即为他叫了一辆救护车。
⑥While running, David tripped over a stone, but he towards the finish line. Almost all the audience , cheering for him.
跑步时,大卫被一块石头绊倒了,但他挣扎着站起来,拖着脚向终点线走去。几乎所有的观众都站了起来,为他加油。 (读后续写之动作描写)
Keys: ⑤help him to his feet ⑥struggled to his feet and dragged his feet; got/rose to their feet
Para5, Line2, Page56
Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again
相反,应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上,使其头部低于身体其他部位,然后用力拍打其上背部,直至他恢复呼吸。
face up/down面朝上/下
be faced with=face 面临
in (the) face of面对
lose face丢面子
make/pull a face (at)(对……)做鬼脸
完成句子
①He was driving along the road when a boy fell off a school bus, . such
a life-threatening emergency,he slammed on the brakes,rushed out of his car and dashed to the boy.
他正在路上开车,这时一个男孩脸朝下从校车上摔了下来。面对如此性命攸关的紧急情况,他急刹车,冲下车,跑向男孩。
②It is bad manners to ,because they are in desperate need of others’ respect.
向残疾人做鬼脸是不礼貌的,因为他们非常需要他人的尊重。
③(话题写作之语言学习) Only if we are not afraid of can we speak a foreign language well.
只有我们不怕丢脸,才能说好一门外语。
Keys: ①face down. In face of/Faced with/Facing ②make/pull faces at the disabled ③losing face
Para6, Line1, Page56
With choking victims, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. 救助噎
食者,分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。
(1)count vi. 【熟词生义】有价值;重要
(2)stand by 袖手旁观,无动于衷 stand-by 旁观者
stand by其他含义:1. 站在……旁边。2. 支持某人;准备就绪。
The doctor stood by the patient’s bedside. (医生站在病人的床边。)
His friends always stand by him in difficult times. (他的朋友们总是在困难时刻支持他。)
The rescue team is standing by, ready to help. (救援队随时待命,准备提供帮助。)
(3)stand 相关短语
Stand for 代表;象征;支持(某种原则或观点)。
He stands for justice and equality. (他支持正义和平等。)
Stand out 突出;显眼;脱颖而出。
The red building stands out against the blue sky. (这栋红色建筑在蓝天的映衬下格外显眼。)
She always stands out in her class because of her excellent grades. (她总是因为优异的成绩在班级中脱颖而出。)
Stand still 静止不动。
The soldiers stood still as the general passed by. (将军经过时,士兵们一动不动。)
Stand still while I take your picture. (拍照时请保持静止。)
Stand up to勇敢面对;承受;抵抗。
He stood up to the bully and refused to back down. (他勇敢面对恶霸,拒绝退缩。)
The building stood up to the strong winds during the storm. (这栋建筑在暴风雨中经受住了强风。)
Stand off 保持距离;不接近。
The two dogs stood off, growling at each other. (两只狗互相咆哮,保持距离。)
He stood off from the group, looking uncomfortable. (他与人群保持距离,显得很不自在。)
Para6, Line3, Page56
Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. 看到张涛噎住,他保持冷
静且反应迅速。
remain calm保持镇静
(1)保持类常用联系动词:keep, stay, remain, stand等,例句如下:
Keep calm and carry on. (保持冷静,继续前进。)
He kept silent during the meeting. (他在会议中保持沉默。)
Stay healthy and happy. (保持健康和快乐。)
The weather stayed fine all weekend. (整个周末天气都很好。)
The door remained closed. (门仍然关着。)
She remained silent throughout the discussion. (整个讨论过程中,她保持沉默。)
(2)“Stand” 作为半系动词,在某些情况下,“stand” 可以用来描述主语的状态或特征,类似于联系动词的功能。这种用法通常出现在一些固定搭配中,但它的本质仍然是一个动词,而不是纯粹的联系动词。
The house stands empty. (这栋房子空置着。) 这里的“stands”表示“处于空置的状态”。
The theory stands unchallenged. (这个理论无人质疑。) “stands”表示“处于未被质疑的状态”。
Para6, Line4, Page56
How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? 我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢?
justify vt.证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由
(1)justify oneself 证明自己的清白,为自己的行为辩护
justify doing sth 为做某事辩护/开脱/找理由
(2)justified adj. 有正当理由的;合乎情理
be justified in doing sth 做某事有正当理由
(3)justice n. 公平;公正;公道;合理
do justice to sb/sth 公平对待某人/某事
例句
It was the only thing that I could do—I don’t have to justify myself to anyone.
这是我唯一能做的——我不必向任何人解释。
单句填空
①I firmly believe you will do justice your intelligence and diligence.
②Since the cellphone presents quality problems, she feels fully (justify) in asking for her money back.
③Having stayed at home for a week, I can’t really justify (take) another day off work.
Keys: ①to ②justified ③taking
完成句子
④Surrounded by misunderstanding, he was at a loss for words .
面对周围人的误会,他觉得真是百口莫辩。
⑤ not doing anything when everyone else is trying to help?
当别人都在尽力帮忙时,你有什么理由什么都不做呢?
Keys: ④to justify himself ⑤How can you justify
Exercise2, Line2, Page58
Having sat for long hours every day in an office for several years, Nancy Jones felt that she was getting out of shape and decided that she needed to get some exercise.
几年来,南希·琼斯每天都在办公室里长时间坐着,她觉得自己身材走样了,决定自己需要做些锻炼。
out of shape 身体不好;走样的
(1)in good shape 处于良好状态;体形好
in the shape of 以……的形状
keep/stay in shape 保持体形
(2)shape v. 塑造
shape…into… 把……塑造成……
例句
It is not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives but what we do consistently.
塑造我们生活的不是我们偶尔做的事, 而是我们一贯做的事。
单句填空
①The senior teacher always goes swimming and does push-ups to stay shape.
②If someone is of shape, you can suggest that he get some exercise.
③Children are compared to young trees because they are still growing and can still (shape).
Keys: ①in ②out ③be shaped
完成句子
④For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake .
为了(庆祝)我五周岁的生日,妈妈为我烤了一个猴子形的蛋糕。
⑤This T-shirt has been washed so many times that .
这件T恤衫已经洗过多次,都变得没形了。
Keys: ④in the shape of a monkey ⑤it’s been out of shape
附录一:默写与背诵语言点。
Para.1
1. _______________________________ 他的晚餐被中断了
2. _______________________________ 听到另一张桌子上有人尖叫
3. _______________ 另一位用餐者
4. ________________ 某人被...噎得窒息
5. _________________ 按住喉咙
6. _______________________ 脸涨得通红
7. __________________________ 毫无办法的朋友
8. __________________________ 拍某人后背
Para.2
1. _________________ 抓紧时间;争分夺秒;毫不迟疑
2. ____________________ 在…的帮助下
3. _____________________ 帮助某人站起来
4. _____________ 挤出
5. ________________ 小口吃
Para.3
1.______________________ 窒息的受害者
2.______________________ 成千上万的生命
3._________________ 事实上
Para.4
1.____________________ 看到某人窒息中(哽噎中)
2.___________________________ 打紧急服务电话
3.______________________ 一个窒息的人
4._______________________ 拍受害者的后背
5.________________________________ 挤出障碍物
6.___________________________ 如果这不奏效(起作用)
7._____________________________用双臂搂着他的腰
8.______________________________一只手握拳;(把手指)捏成拳头
9._____________________________________ 放在他腹部的上面部分
10._______________________________________另一只手紧紧握住拳头
11.push up and into his stomach in one motion ____________________
12._______________________ 继续做某事
Para.5
1. ____________________________________ 把孩子脸朝下放在你的腿上
2. ______________________________________ 头部低于身体其他部位
3. __________________________________ 用力拍打他的上背部
Para.6
1. ____________________ 一刻千金,分秒必争
2. stand by ____________; ____________ 支持
3. _____________________________________ 保持冷静,且反应迅速
4. _________________________________ 我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢?
5. _________________________________ 有责任做某事
6. ____________________________________ 关心彼此的幸福
Keys:
Para.1
1. had his dinner interrupted 他的晚餐被中断了
2. hear sb screaming from another table 听到另一张桌子上有人尖叫
3. a fellow diner 另一位用餐者
4. Sb choke on sth 某人被...噎得窒息
5. hold one's throat 按住喉咙
6. with his face turning red 脸涨得通红
7. his desperate friend 毫无办法的朋友
8. slap sb on the back 拍某人后背
Para.2
1. waste no time 抓紧时间;争分夺秒;毫不迟疑
2. with the help of 在…的帮助下
3. help sb. to his feet 帮助某人站起来
4. force out 挤出
5. take small bites 小口吃
Para.3
1.chocking victims 窒息的受害者
2.thousands of lives 成千上万的生命
3.in fact 事实上
Para.4
1.see sb choking 看到某人窒息中(哽噎中)
2.call the emergency services 打紧急服务电话
3.a choking person 一个窒息的人
4.slap the victim's back 拍受害者的后背
5.force out the obstruction 挤出障碍物
6.if this doesn't work 如果这不奏效(起作用)
7.wrap your arms around his waist 用双臂搂着他的腰
8.make a fist with one hand 一只手握拳;(把手指)捏成拳头
9.place it in the upper part of his stomach 放在他腹部的上面部分
10.grab your fist with your other hand tightly 另一只手紧紧握住拳头
11.push up and into his stomach in one motion 快速向上往里挤压
12.continue doing sth 继续做某事
Para.5
1. lay the child face down on your lap 把孩子脸朝下放在你的腿上
2. with the head lower than the rest of his body 头部低于身体其他部位
3. give firm slaps to his upper back 用力拍打他的上背部
Para.6
1. every minute counts. 一刻千金,分秒必争
2. stand by 袖手旁观; 支持
3. remain calm and reacted immediately 保持冷静,且反应迅速
4. How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing ? 我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢?
5. have a responsibility to do sth 有责任做某事
6. look after one another's welfare 关心彼此的幸福
附录二:课文汉语译文
Using Language
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐,这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声。原来餐馆里一个叫张涛的人被牛排噎住了。只见他按着喉咙,满脸通红,他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。
Chen wasted no time. He got up and ran to Zhang's table at once. With the help of Zhang's friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again. Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived. The doctors checked Zhang and made sure that he was fine. They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.
陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身,跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下,陈伟扶着他站了起来。接着,陈伟站在张涛的背后,实施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出,张涛又能开始呼吸了。十分钟后,救护车赶到。医生们为张涛做了检査,确保他没有大碍。离开前,医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽,小口进食。
Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no
time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick practical, and easy. It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how.
噎食者通常大约四分钟后就会瘫倒在地,有时甚至死亡,等不到救护车的到来。为解决这一问题,1974年美国医生亨利・海姆立克发明了海姆立克急救法,挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。海姆立克急救法简便、实用、见效快。事实上,它非常容易操作,几乎所有人都能学会。
If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out.
如果你发现有人被噎住,首先拨打急救电适。然后,确定此人确实是被噎住了:人被噎时是无法说话的。拍打噎食者的背部通常可以将异物排出。如果不奏效,那么你可以实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是:站在此人身后,用双臂环抱其腰部。只手握拳,置于其上腹部,另一只手紧紧握住拳头,快速用力向上在里挤压。重复上述动作,直至异物排出。
Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again
不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法,因为你可能会伤到他/她。相反,应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上,使其头部低于身体其他部位,然后用力拍打其上背部,直至他/她恢复呼吸。
With choking victims, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give firs aid in school. Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, "How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another's welfare”
救助噎食者,分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。幸运的是,陈伟在学校学过急救方法。看到张涛噎住,他保持冷静,且反应迅速。后来,陈伟谈起此事时说道:“我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢?大家都是人,我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$