2025年中考英语二轮复习语法专项突破课件：主谓一致

主谓一致 [知识导图] [考情分析] 安徽近10年中考并未涉及对主谓一致的考查，但在单项填空、单词拼写的题干及书面表达中都会涉及相关的句型。因此，掌握主谓一致的用法对于提高中考成绩有重要的意义。 主谓一致是指句子中的主语与谓语动词应在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和临近一致原则。 安徽中考2022年、2023年和2024年均未直接考查。 考点1 语法一致 1．(2024·黄山阶段练习)My sister with my parents ________dumplings when I got home yesterday evening． A．are making B．is making C．was making D．were making 答案：C 2．(2024·宿州期中)—What do you think of your teacher? —She is kind．She ________me．She ________my mother． A．like；likes B．like；like C．likes；is like D．like；is likes 答案：C 3．(2024·黄山模拟预测)Things have changed．Nearly two thirds of the land in Huangshan ________by forests now． A．is covered B．was covered C．were covered D．are covered 答案：A 4．(2024·安徽模拟预测)My brother ________football every day after school．He has become very good at it． A．plays B．played C．has played D．is playing 答案：A 主语 谓语 例句 单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句 单数 The young man is from Shandong． 这个年轻人来自山东。 To study English well is not easy． 学好英语是不容易的。 主语 谓语 例句 复数名词或代词 复数 They all like their hometown． 他们都喜欢他们的家乡。 what引导的主语从句 一般用 单数 What we need now is time． 我们现在需要的是时间。 主语 谓语 例句 what引导的主语从句表示复数意义 复数 What I bought were three books． 我买的是三本书。 由连词and或both．．．and．．．连接的并列主语 复数 Lucy and Lily are twins． 露西和莉莉是双胞胎。 主语 谓语 例句 单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as 等引起的短语 单数 She，like you and Tom，is very tall． 她像你和汤姆一样，个子很高。 the＋形容词/过去分词 复数 The poor have friends in the world，too． 穷人在世上也有朋友。 主语 谓语 例句 在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语 谓语动词的 数与先行词 的数一致 He is one of my friends who are working hard． 他是我努力学习的朋友中的一个。 由“a lot of，plenty of，the rest of＋名词”或“分数、百分数＋名词”构成的短语 根据短语中 名词的数而定 50% of the students in our class are girls． 我们班50%的学生是女孩。 考点2 意义一致 1．(2024·合肥模拟预测)It was seven o'clock in the morning, and my family ________breakfast in the living room． A．is eating B．was eating C．were having D．are having 答案：C 2．Nick，here ________a pair of white ________for you． A．is；sock B．is；socks C．are；sock D．are；socks 答案：B 主语 谓语 例句 集体名词当整体看待 单数 Her family has moved to Beijing． 她全家搬到北京去了。 集体名词当各个成员看待 复数 Her family are watching TV now． 她的家人现在正在看电视。 主语 谓语 例句 表示数目、时间、金钱、距离的名词 单数 Sixty minutes is an hour． 60分钟是一小时。 One hundred dollars is enough． 100美元就够了。 两个及两个以上由and连接的并列主语表同一概念 单数 The scientist and inventor is his father． 那位科学家兼发明家是他父亲。 主语 谓语 例句 两个及两个以上由and连接的并列主语表不同概念 复数 The scientist and the inventor are coming to our school． 那位科学家和那位发明家都要来我们学校。 each，either，neither或由some，any，no，every构成的合成词 单数 Neither of the books is interesting． 这两本书都很无趣。 Nobody likes you if you do so． 你若这样做，没有人喜欢你。 Everything is ready． 万事俱备。 Each of them wants to come． 他们每个人都想来。 主语 谓语 例句 none 单数/ 复数 None has been there before． 以前没人去过那里。 None want to leave now． 现在没人想走。 a great many＋n．或a great number of＋n． 复数 A great many students have learned about it． 很多同学对它有所了解。 the number of＋n． 单数 The number of students is 100． 学生的数目是100。 主语 谓语 例句 cattle，people，police等作主语 复数 The cattle are sold up． 牛都卖完了。 The police are searching for the lost child． 警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。 考点3 临近一致 1．(2024·亳州校联考模拟预测) ________she ________I have read the e-mail．We know nothing about it． A．Both；and B．Either；or C．Neither；nor D．Not only；but also 答案：C 2． There ________great changes in my hometown in the last few years． A．has had B．have been C．has been D．have had 答案：B 主语 谓语 例句 由either．．．or．．． 连接 由or后 的主语 决定 Either he or you are wrong． 要么他错了，要么你错了。 Either you or he is wrong． 要么你错了，要么他错了。 主语 谓语 例句 由neither．．．nor．．． 连接 由nor 后的主 语决定 Neither these nor that fits me． 这些和那个都不适合我。 Neither that nor these fit me． 那个和这些都不适合我。 主语 谓语 例句 由not only．．．but also．．．连 接 由but also后 的主语 决定 Not only he but also we have seen the film． 不仅他，我们也看过这部电影了。 Not only we but also he has seen the film． 不仅我们，他也看过这部电影了。 主语 谓语 例句 there be＋并列主语 由靠近 be的主 语决定 There is a pen and two books on the desk． 有一支钢笔和两本书在桌子上。 There are two books and a pen on the desk． 有两本书和一支钢笔在桌子上。 主语 谓语 例句 here be＋并列主语 由靠近 be的主 语决定 Here is a letter and two stamps． 这里有一封信和两张邮票。 Here are two stamps and a letter． 这里有两张邮票和一封信。 句子的主语一般由名词或代词来充当，当主语是名词时，一定要高度关注名词的单复数、不可数名词、抽象名词、集体名词等和谓语的一致性。当主语是代词时，不仅要注意人称，更要注意不定代词作主语时和谓语的一致性。最后注意特殊主语，比如不定式短语作主语，动名词短语作主语，名词短语作主语时和谓语的一致性。谓语动词随主语变化而变化，所以解答此类题目最重要的就是关注主语的形式。 1．(2024·安庆阶段性练习)—Tom, hurry up! We only have 15 minutes to reach the station． —Oh, Jack, 15 minutes ________enough for us． A．are B．is C．were D．was 答案：B 2．(2024·宣城联考)There ________snow in Canada in winter every year． A．is much B．has much C．has many D．are many 答案：A 3．(2024·阜阳阶段检测)Li Lei as well as his classmates ________basketball happily at the moment． A．are playing B．play C．is playing D．plays 答案：C 4．A woman with two children ________along the street over there． A．is walking B．are walking C．walk D．walks 答案：A 5．—History as well as politics ________more and more important in middle school． —We should pay more attention to them． A．are becoming B．are getting C．is becoming 答案：C 6．(2023·黑龙江绥化)The students ________how to do eye exercises just now． A．was taught B．were taught C．taught 答案：B 7．(2023·吉林长春)There ________some beautiful flowers on the teacher's desk now． A．is B．was C．are D．were 答案：C 8．(2024·江苏宿迁三模)—Do you think ________more pollution in a few years? —Yes! So we must do something to save the earth． A．there is B．there will have C．there are D．there will be 答案：D $$