Unit 3 A helping hand （知识清单）英语新教材沪教版五四学制七年级下册

Unit3 A helping hand A helping hand 话题 援助之手 词汇 1.look through浏览；查看 2.everyday /ˈevrideɪ/ adj.每天的；日常的 3.elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj.上了年纪的 4.rebuild /ˌriːˈbɪld/ v.重建；重组 5.cigarette /ˌsɪɡəˈret/ n.香烟 6.prevent /prɪˈvent/ v.阻止；阻碍 7.impress /ɪmˈpres/ v.给……留下深刻的好印象 8.key /ki:/ n.钥匙 9.drop /drɒp/ v.落下；掉下 10.wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/ n.钱包 11.contest /ˈkɒntest/ n.比赛；竞赛 12.lost /lɒst/ adj.弄不懂；困惑 13.shelf /ʃelf/ n.架子；搁板 14.librarian /laɪˈbreəriən/ n.图书馆馆长；图书管理员 15.check out借阅；借出 16.emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n.突发事件；紧急情况 17.kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n.仁慈；善良 18.usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj.通常的；寻常的 19.as usual像往常一样；照例 20.neighbour (AmE neighbor) /ˈneɪbə(r)/ n.邻居；邻人 21.sudden /ˈsʌdn/ adj.突然的；忽然的 22.suddenly /ˈsʌdənli/ adv.突然；忽然 23.attack /əˈtæk/ n.发作；侵袭 24.pale /peɪl/ adj.灰白的；苍白的 25.sweat /swet/ n.汗 26.shock /ʃɒk/ v.使震惊；使惊愕 27.himself /hɪmˈself/ pron.(用作男性的反身代词)他自己；自己 28.nobody /ˈnəʊbədi/ pron.没有人 29.lady /ˈleɪdi/ n.女士；女子 30.quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv.迅速地；很快地 31.operator /ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)/ n.电话员；接线员 32.clearly /ˈklɪəli/ adv.清楚地；清晰地 33.ambulance /ˈæmbjələns/ n.救护车 34.pill /pɪl/ n.药丸；药片 35.aid /eɪd/ n.帮助；援助 36.once /wʌns/ adv.一次；曾经 37.at once马上；立刻 38.nod /nɒd/ v.点头 39.thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/ adj.感谢；感激 40.grateful /ˈɡreɪtfl/ adj.感激的；表示感谢的 语法 并列连词 考点1. elderly adj.上了年纪的 The community centre organises weekly activities to help keep elderly citizens socially active.社区中心每周组织活动，帮助老年居民保持社交活跃。 【提示】elderly比old更加委婉。注意，当使用“the+形容词”表示某个群体的时候，动词要用复数形式。 The elderly need our help.老年人需要我们的帮助。 【提示】与old相关的形容词比较级有elder和older。elder常用作形容词来修饰名词，用来指家庭成员或特定群体中年龄较大的人。它也可以作名词，指“年长者”或“长辈”。而older主要用来比较两者之间的年龄。 My elder brother is five years older than me.我的哥哥比我大五岁。 The village elders are respected for their wisdom.村里的长者因他们的智慧而受到尊敬。 She is two years older than her classmates.她比她的同学年纪大两岁。 考点2. rebuild v.重建；重组 【提示】rebuild常与以下名词搭配： rebuild confidence重建信心rebuild trust重建信任 rebuild a house重建房屋 rebuild a relationship 重建关系 【提示】前缀re-可表示“再一次；重新”。 retry 重试 replay 重播 rewrite 重写 review复习 redo 重做 refill 再装满 考点3.prevent v. 阻止；阻碍 We are taking steps to prevent pollution.我们正采取措施防止污染。 【提示】prevent的常见用法为prevent sb./sth.from doing(防止某人/某物发生某事)。 The charity helps prevent families from going hungry.该慈善机构帮助防止家庭挨饿。 【联想】prevention n.防止；预防 Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。 考点4. drop v. 落下；掉下 【提示】drop作动词可以表达“掉落”“下降”以及“放弃”等含义。drop by可以表达“顺便拜访”的含义。 Be careful not to drop the glass bottle.小心不要让玻璃瓶掉了。(掉落) The temperature dropped dramatically.气温急剧下降。(下降) They decided to drop the project due to lack of funding.由于资金不足，他们决定放弃该项目。(放弃) I will drop by the community centre to see if they need any help.我会顺便去社区中心看看他们是否需要帮助。(顺便拜访) drop还可作名词，表示“下降；减少”。 There has been a significant drop in donations this year.今年的捐款显著减少。 考点5.lost adj.弄不懂；困惑 【提示】lost在这里不是lose的过去式或过去分词，而是形容词，可以表示“困惑的；迷茫的”或者“迷路的”。 She felt lost and uncertain about her future after graduating from college.大学毕业后，她对自己的未来感到迷茫和不确定。 The lost child was found by a kind stranger and sent to his parents.迷路的孩子被一位好心的陌生人找到，并与父母团聚。 【联想】lose v.失去 loss n.损失；失去 They didn't want to lose their way in the forest,so they marked their path carefully.他们不想在森林中迷路，所以他们仔细地标记了路径。 The loss of her beloved pet left her feeling heartbroken.失去她心爱的宠物让她感到心碎。 考点6. kindness n. 仁慈；善良 She showed her kindness in the way she always listened patiently to others. 她的善良体现在她总是耐心倾听他人的方式上。 【提示】文中的acts of kindness是指“善良的举动；善行”。 【联想】kind adj.善良的；仁慈的 unkind adj.不仁慈的；刻薄的 kindly adv.善意地 kind n.种类 He is always kind to his neighbours,helping them with their groceries.他总是对邻居很好，帮他们拿杂货。 It was unkind of him to make fun of her in front of everyone.他在大家面前取笑她，这很不友善。 The boy kindly offered to help the old lady carry the heavy shopping bag.男孩好心地提出帮老太太提沉重的购物袋。 There are many kinds of books in the library,ranging from fiction to non- fiction.图书馆里有很多种类的书籍，从小说到纪实作品都有。 考点7. shock v.使震惊；使惊愕 n. 震惊 The news of the accident shocked everyone in the community.事故的消息震惊了社区的每一个人。 The shock of the earthquake left many people in a state of panic,but soldiers and volunteers were quick to provide aid.地震带来的惊吓让许多人陷入恐慌，但战士和志愿者迅速提供了援助。 【联想】shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的 She was shocked to see so many victims die in the plane crash.她看到这么多人死于这次空难，十分震惊。 The shocking images of the disaster moved people to donate generously to the relief fund.灾难的震撼画面促使人们慷慨捐款给救援基金。 考点8.clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地 She clearly explained the instructions to the volunteers so everyone knew wha to do.她清楚地向志愿者们解释了指示，因此每个人都知道该做什么。 【联想】clear adj.清楚的；清澈的 v. 清除；清理 常用搭配：be clear about…对…很清楚 make…clear让…变得清晰 Everyone needs to be clear about the roles and responsibilities during the event.每个人都需要明确在活动中的角色和职责。 The organiser made it clear that all donations would go directly to the elderly.组织者明确说明，所有捐款将直接给到老人。 The team worked together to clear the rubbish after the storm in the neighbourhood.团队合作在小区里清理风暴后的垃圾。 考点9. thankful adj.感谢；感激 【提示】thankful的常用搭配有：be thankful to sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事对某人心存感激 She was thankful to her teacher for the guidance and support throughout the year.她感谢老师在这一年中的指导和支持。 I am thankful for the kindness and generosity of my friends.我感激朋友们的善意和慷慨 【联想】thank v.感谢 n.谢意 常用搭配：thank sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事感谢某人 thanks to .…多亏了…… give/express thanks to sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事向某人致谢 He thanked the volunteers for their hard work.他感谢志愿者们的辛勤工作。 Thanks to the quick response of the rescue team,many lives were saved during the flood.多亏了救援队的迅速反应，洪水期间许多生命得以拯救。 She gave thanks to the community for their support.她对社区的支持表示感谢。 考点一：表示联合关系的并列连词 1. and 意为“和，又，且，并且”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式）。 如：Some students are interested in climbing and others like swimming. 有些学生对爬山感兴趣，而另外一些则喜欢游泳。 2. both … and … 意为“既……又……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式）。 如：Both Tom and David are from England. 汤姆和大卫都来自英国。 3. not only … but also … 意为“不但……而且……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则）。 如：Not only my father but also my mother likes doing sports very much. 不但我的爸爸，而且我的妈妈也非常喜欢运动。 4. either … or … 意为“或……或……;不是……就是……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则）。 如：Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里. 5. neither … nor … 意为“既不……也不……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则）。 如：Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。 6. as well as 意为“也” 如：He needs a knife as well as a piece of paper. 他需要一把小刀，也需要一张纸。 考点二：表示转折关系的并列连词 1.but 意为“但是” 如：Surfing the Internet is fun, but it’s also a waste of time上网很有意思，但也浪费时间。 2. however 意为“然而” 如：My room is small. However, it’s comfortable我的房间很小，但却很舒服。 3. while 意为“而” 如：Tom likes playing football while his brother likes playing basketball. 汤姆喜欢踢足球而他哥哥喜欢打篮球。 4. yet 意为“但是” 如：He has come to my house twice, yet he didn’t remember the way. 他来过我家两次了，然而他却没记住路。 考点三：表示选择关系的并列连词 1. or 意为“或者；否则” 如：（1）Which do you prefer, chicken or pork? 你比较喜欢鸡肉还是猪肉? （2）Hurry up, or you’ll be late.快点，否则你就要迟到了。 重要句型：（1）祈使句+or … =If you don’t …, you’ll … 请……,否则…… （2）“祈使句+or …” 还可与“祈使句+and …” 进行句型转换。 如：Work hard, or you will fail the exam.=If you don’t work hard, you’ll fail the exam. =Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，否则你考试就会不合格。 2. otherwise 意为“否则” 如：Otherwise, they will not improve. 否则，他们不会改进的。 考点四：表示因果关系的并列连词 1. so 意为“所以” 如：Anna was ill yesterday, so she didn’t go to school. 安娜昨天生病了，所以没去上学。 2. for 意为“因为”（for引导的句子不表示直接原因，而是用来附带解释或说明前一句的情况，只用在句中，前后两个句子用逗号隔开。） 如：I have to stay up late, for I have too much work to do.我不得不熬夜，因为我有太多的工作要做。 3. therefore 意为“因此，所以” 如：It is going to rain, therefore we have to put off the match. 要下雨了，因此我们不得不推迟比赛。 一、单项选择 1．Which is better, the red one ________ the white one? A．with B．and C．or D．both 2．—Would you like some juice ________ coffee? —Juice, please. A．and B．or C．but D．so 3．I don’t have ________ sugar ________ meat. A．some; and B．any; or C．some; or D．any; and 4．Mike is English, ________ he speaks English very well. A．and B．but C．or D．so 5．The pandas are cute, ________ I like them a lot. A．so B．or C．but D．if 6．Carrots are healthy for me, ________ I eat them for lunch and dinner. A．but B．so C．after D．for 7．Teenagers may experience negative feelings, ________ we can deal with them in many ways. A．so B．because C．but D．if 8．History is my favourite subject ________ it’s very interesting. A．so B．because C．but D．and 9．Some people do not have arms or legs, ________ they can do lots of things. A．so B．for C．but D．and 10．This is my pen, _______ that is your pencil. A．in B．of C．and D．but 11．— I like beef noodles and chicken. How about you? — I like dumplings ________ rice. I don’t like hamburgers ________ bread. A．and; and B．and; or C．or; and D．or; or 12．Some books ________ tapes are in the bookcase. A．but B．and C．so D．or 二、阅读理解 Dear Jenny, I hope this letter finds you well. I want to share something special with you today about volunteering in my community. This summer, I started volunteering in the library. It was an eye-opening experience (经历)! I met so many interesting people and learned a lot from them. Every day I helped out at events and read to younger kids. When I saw the smiles on those children’s faces, it made me forget all my problems for a while. This Sunday, I will visit the elderly at the nursing home with ten other people. We will help clean their homes and talk with them. It will be my first time to go there. I hope it will leave me some good memories. At the same time, we will bring lots of joy to the elderly. Jenny, why not try helping out in your community? Volunteering is a wonderful way to make a difference to the community. When we help others, it’s like planting seeds (种子) in a garden. Our kindness grows and spreads like flowers, making the community a better and happier place. I look forward to hearing from you soon! Best wishes, Timmy 13．How did Timmy feel about his volunteer work in the library? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Heavy. D．Enjoyable. 14．What will Timmy do this Sunday? A．He will visit Jenny. B．He will clean his home. C．He will talk with the elderly. D．He will help out in the library. 15．What does the underlined word “memories” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．礼物 B．回忆 C．机会 D．效果 16．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Timmy’s plan to plant a garden. B．Timmy’s love for his community. C．Timmy’s ideas about volunteering. D．Timmy’s hope for a better community. 17．Why did Timmy write to Jenny? A．To ask for help. B．To show her his plan. C．To share his experience. D．To make friends with her. Today is May Day. My parents take me and my friends to an old people’s home. When we get there, we all feel happy because we can help many people. I’m washing fruit now. And what are my friends doing? Mike is cleaning the hall. At the same time, Lucy and Amy are singing beautiful songs. Old people are enjoying listening to songs. What about my parents? They are cooking for old people with workers in the old people’s home. We are tired (疲倦的), but it’s really interesting. In the evening, it’s time for us to leave. I feel sad about this. In short, it’s really a great May Day for me. 18．What is Mike doing? A．He is singing songs. B．He is cleaning the hall. C．He is learning to dance. D．He is listening to music. 19．How many people go to the old people’s home today? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 20．Where is the writer’s father? A．In the room. B．In the office. C．In the station. D．In the kitchen. 21．Which of the following is the writer’s emotional change (情感变化) on May Day? A．happy→tired→sad B．sad→angry→happy C．tired→happy→angry D．tired→happy→sad 22．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 三、完形填空 选择最恰当的选项完成短文。 My life is always filled with sadness and little joy. However, no matter what happens, I can always face it bravely. Last year, I couldn’t believe the 23 that I was allowed to enter the only key high school in my hometown. Then I rushed to my home and told my parents. But my father didn’t seem as 24 as I was. He just kept smoking without saying a word and my mother put her head down and couldn’t help crying. I knew very well what my family was 25 . My mum had been ill in bed for 2 years. We lived a hard life and I couldn’t continue my schooling. I felt so upset but I could say nothing to my parents. I decided to help my father with his work to support my family. To my surprise, things have completely changed 26 the beginning of the new term. My head teacher came to my family with some money, which had been 27 by my schoolmates. He encouraged me, “you always have a dream.” With tears in my eyes, I stepped into the key high school. I have studied hard since I entered the high school. Whenever I meet difficulties, I always 28 my teacher and schoolmates. I have a college dream and I must work hard for it, no matter how hard life is. Just as a great man says, “When one door shuts, another opens in life.” 23．A．idea B．story C．news D．thought 24．A．upset B．excited C．interested D．worried 25．A．about B．before C．against D．like 26．A．after B．since C．before D．on 27．A．raised B．spent C．planned D．saved 28．A．dream of B．think of C．hear of D．talk of 四、短文填空 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Sarah was a very brave lady who liked to p 29 people from danger. One day, she heard someone shouting from her neighbour’s house. She saw a bad person hurting her neighbour and knew she had to act quickly. Sarah pushed the bad person away to keep her neighbour s 30 . But then the bad person hurt Sarah too. Luckily, Sarah could get away and helped her neighbour. She believed that anyone could be brave like her if they had the a 31 to protect themselves. Sarah thought that being brave was not enough. So she started a self-defense (自卫) class to help people learn how to protect themselves and others. She knew that it was i 32 to get away from danger. Sarah’s story told us that anyone could be a h 33 if they stood up for what was right and helped others. 五、任务型阅读 I’m Lucy. Today was a very special day for me and my friends Jack and Linda. We had a charity (慈善) sale in our neighborhood to raise money for a children’s home. It started at 8:30 a.m. and ended at 4:30 p.m. We were very excited about this charity sale. To prepare for the sale, I took some of my favourite toys to sell, including a cute toy bear. I spent ninety cents buying it. Jack brought lots of interesting storybooks and he had already read them twice. Linda brought some of her old clothes because the clothes didn’t fit her anymore, but they were still clean. Finally, many of our neighbors came to the sale and bought what they needed. Someone bought my little bear, and others bought Jack’s books and Linda’s clothes. Everyone was very kind. After checking the money, we gave it away to the children’s home. We really did a good thing for others by ourselves. Helping others will leave us with wonderful memories. We hope that more and more people will join us to do something good for the children in need. We all should know that small actions (行为) can be helpful in making the world better! Let’s do our best to make the world better. 根据短文内容回答下列问题 34．What was the charity sale for? 35．How long did the charity sale last? 36．Why did Linda bring some of her old clothes to the charity sale? 37．Who came to the charity sale? 38．What can we know from the story? 六、书面表达 39．“帮助他人，快乐自己”是新华学校李薇同学的生活理念，每个周末她都在自己的小区帮助老人们做一些事情。假如你是李薇，请根据提示信息写一篇词数70左右的短文，介绍自己上周六做过的事情。 时间 事件 周六上午 帮王奶奶买菜、包水饺 周六下午 帮李爷爷种花，打扫社区卫生 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit3 A helping hand A helping hand 话题 援助之手 词汇 1.look through浏览；查看 2.everyday /ˈevrideɪ/ adj.每天的；日常的 3.elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj.上了年纪的 4.rebuild /ˌriːˈbɪld/ v.重建；重组 5.cigarette /ˌsɪɡəˈret/ n.香烟 6.prevent /prɪˈvent/ v.阻止；阻碍 7.impress /ɪmˈpres/ v.给……留下深刻的好印象 8.key /ki:/ n.钥匙 9.drop /drɒp/ v.落下；掉下 10.wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/ n.钱包 11.contest /ˈkɒntest/ n.比赛；竞赛 12.lost /lɒst/ adj.弄不懂；困惑 13.shelf /ʃelf/ n.架子；搁板 14.librarian /laɪˈbreəriən/ n.图书馆馆长；图书管理员 15.check out借阅；借出 16.emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n.突发事件；紧急情况 17.kindness /ˈkaɪndnəs/ n.仁慈；善良 18.usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/ adj.通常的；寻常的 19.as usual像往常一样；照例 20.neighbour (AmE neighbor) /ˈneɪbə(r)/ n.邻居；邻人 21.sudden /ˈsʌdn/ adj.突然的；忽然的 22.suddenly /ˈsʌdənli/ adv.突然；忽然 23.attack /əˈtæk/ n.发作；侵袭 24.pale /peɪl/ adj.灰白的；苍白的 25.sweat /swet/ n.汗 26.shock /ʃɒk/ v.使震惊；使惊愕 27.himself /hɪmˈself/ pron.(用作男性的反身代词)他自己；自己 28.nobody /ˈnəʊbədi/ pron.没有人 29.lady /ˈleɪdi/ n.女士；女子 30.quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv.迅速地；很快地 31.operator /ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)/ n.电话员；接线员 32.clearly /ˈklɪəli/ adv.清楚地；清晰地 33.ambulance /ˈæmbjələns/ n.救护车 34.pill /pɪl/ n.药丸；药片 35.aid /eɪd/ n.帮助；援助 36.once /wʌns/ adv.一次；曾经 37.at once马上；立刻 38.nod /nɒd/ v.点头 39.thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/ adj.感谢；感激 40.grateful /ˈɡreɪtfl/ adj.感激的；表示感谢的 语法 并列连词 考点1. elderly adj.上了年纪的 The community centre organises weekly activities to help keep elderly citizens socially active.社区中心每周组织活动，帮助老年居民保持社交活跃。 【提示】elderly比old更加委婉。注意，当使用“the+形容词”表示某个群体的时候，动词要用复数形式。 The elderly need our help.老年人需要我们的帮助。 【提示】与old相关的形容词比较级有elder和older。elder常用作形容词来修饰名词，用来指家庭成员或特定群体中年龄较大的人。它也可以作名词，指“年长者”或“长辈”。而older主要用来比较两者之间的年龄。 My elder brother is five years older than me.我的哥哥比我大五岁。 The village elders are respected for their wisdom.村里的长者因他们的智慧而受到尊敬。 She is two years older than her classmates.她比她的同学年纪大两岁。 考点2. rebuild v.重建；重组 【提示】rebuild常与以下名词搭配： rebuild confidence重建信心rebuild trust重建信任 rebuild a house重建房屋 rebuild a relationship 重建关系 【提示】前缀re-可表示“再一次；重新”。 retry 重试 replay 重播 rewrite 重写 review复习 redo 重做 refill 再装满 考点3.prevent v. 阻止；阻碍 We are taking steps to prevent pollution.我们正采取措施防止污染。 【提示】prevent的常见用法为prevent sb./sth.from doing(防止某人/某物发生某事)。 The charity helps prevent families from going hungry.该慈善机构帮助防止家庭挨饿。 【联想】prevention n.防止；预防 Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。 考点4. drop v. 落下；掉下 【提示】drop作动词可以表达“掉落”“下降”以及“放弃”等含义。drop by可以表达“顺便拜访”的含义。 Be careful not to drop the glass bottle.小心不要让玻璃瓶掉了。(掉落) The temperature dropped dramatically.气温急剧下降。(下降) They decided to drop the project due to lack of funding.由于资金不足，他们决定放弃该项目。(放弃) I will drop by the community centre to see if they need any help.我会顺便去社区中心看看他们是否需要帮助。(顺便拜访) drop还可作名词，表示“下降；减少”。 There has been a significant drop in donations this year.今年的捐款显著减少。 考点5.lost adj.弄不懂；困惑 【提示】lost在这里不是lose的过去式或过去分词，而是形容词，可以表示“困惑的；迷茫的”或者“迷路的”。 She felt lost and uncertain about her future after graduating from college.大学毕业后，她对自己的未来感到迷茫和不确定。 The lost child was found by a kind stranger and sent to his parents.迷路的孩子被一位好心的陌生人找到，并与父母团聚。 【联想】lose v.失去 loss n.损失；失去 They didn't want to lose their way in the forest,so they marked their path carefully.他们不想在森林中迷路，所以他们仔细地标记了路径。 The loss of her beloved pet left her feeling heartbroken.失去她心爱的宠物让她感到心碎。 考点6. kindness n. 仁慈；善良 She showed her kindness in the way she always listened patiently to others. 她的善良体现在她总是耐心倾听他人的方式上。 【提示】文中的acts of kindness是指“善良的举动；善行”。 【联想】kind adj.善良的；仁慈的 unkind adj.不仁慈的；刻薄的 kindly adv.善意地 kind n.种类 He is always kind to his neighbours,helping them with their groceries.他总是对邻居很好，帮他们拿杂货。 It was unkind of him to make fun of her in front of everyone.他在大家面前取笑她，这很不友善。 The boy kindly offered to help the old lady carry the heavy shopping bag.男孩好心地提出帮老太太提沉重的购物袋。 There are many kinds of books in the library,ranging from fiction to non- fiction.图书馆里有很多种类的书籍，从小说到纪实作品都有。 考点7. shock v.使震惊；使惊愕 n. 震惊 The news of the accident shocked everyone in the community.事故的消息震惊了社区的每一个人。 The shock of the earthquake left many people in a state of panic,but soldiers and volunteers were quick to provide aid.地震带来的惊吓让许多人陷入恐慌，但战士和志愿者迅速提供了援助。 【联想】shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的 She was shocked to see so many victims die in the plane crash.她看到这么多人死于这次空难，十分震惊。 The shocking images of the disaster moved people to donate generously to the relief fund.灾难的震撼画面促使人们慷慨捐款给救援基金。 考点8.clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地 She clearly explained the instructions to the volunteers so everyone knew wha to do.她清楚地向志愿者们解释了指示，因此每个人都知道该做什么。 【联想】clear adj.清楚的；清澈的 v. 清除；清理 常用搭配：be clear about…对…很清楚 make…clear让…变得清晰 Everyone needs to be clear about the roles and responsibilities during the event.每个人都需要明确在活动中的角色和职责。 The organiser made it clear that all donations would go directly to the elderly.组织者明确说明，所有捐款将直接给到老人。 The team worked together to clear the rubbish after the storm in the neighbourhood.团队合作在小区里清理风暴后的垃圾。 考点9. thankful adj.感谢；感激 【提示】thankful的常用搭配有：be thankful to sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事对某人心存感激 She was thankful to her teacher for the guidance and support throughout the year.她感谢老师在这一年中的指导和支持。 I am thankful for the kindness and generosity of my friends.我感激朋友们的善意和慷慨 【联想】thank v.感谢 n.谢意 常用搭配：thank sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事感谢某人 thanks to .…多亏了…… give/express thanks to sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事向某人致谢 He thanked the volunteers for their hard work.他感谢志愿者们的辛勤工作。 Thanks to the quick response of the rescue team,many lives were saved during the flood.多亏了救援队的迅速反应，洪水期间许多生命得以拯救。 She gave thanks to the community for their support.她对社区的支持表示感谢。 考点一：表示联合关系的并列连词 1. and 意为“和，又，且，并且”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式）。 如：Some students are interested in climbing and others like swimming. 有些学生对爬山感兴趣，而另外一些则喜欢游泳。 2. both … and … 意为“既……又……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式）。 如：Both Tom and David are from England. 汤姆和大卫都来自英国。 3. not only … but also … 意为“不但……而且……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则）。 如：Not only my father but also my mother likes doing sports very much. 不但我的爸爸，而且我的妈妈也非常喜欢运动。 4. either … or … 意为“或……或……;不是……就是……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则）。 如：Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里. 5. neither … nor … 意为“既不……也不……”(连接两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则）。 如：Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。 6. as well as 意为“也” 如：He needs a knife as well as a piece of paper. 他需要一把小刀，也需要一张纸。 考点二：表示转折关系的并列连词 1.but 意为“但是” 如：Surfing the Internet is fun, but it’s also a waste of time上网很有意思，但也浪费时间。 2. however 意为“然而” 如：My room is small. However, it’s comfortable我的房间很小，但却很舒服。 3. while 意为“而” 如：Tom likes playing football while his brother likes playing basketball. 汤姆喜欢踢足球而他哥哥喜欢打篮球。 4. yet 意为“但是” 如：He has come to my house twice, yet he didn’t remember the way. 他来过我家两次了，然而他却没记住路。 考点三：表示选择关系的并列连词 1. or 意为“或者；否则” 如：（1）Which do you prefer, chicken or pork? 你比较喜欢鸡肉还是猪肉? （2）Hurry up, or you’ll be late.快点，否则你就要迟到了。 重要句型：（1）祈使句+or … =If you don’t …, you’ll … 请……,否则…… （2）“祈使句+or …” 还可与“祈使句+and …” 进行句型转换。 如：Work hard, or you will fail the exam.=If you don’t work hard, you’ll fail the exam. =Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，否则你考试就会不合格。 2. otherwise 意为“否则” 如：Otherwise, they will not improve. 否则，他们不会改进的。 考点四：表示因果关系的并列连词 1. so 意为“所以” 如：Anna was ill yesterday, so she didn’t go to school. 安娜昨天生病了，所以没去上学。 2. for 意为“因为”（for引导的句子不表示直接原因，而是用来附带解释或说明前一句的情况，只用在句中，前后两个句子用逗号隔开。） 如：I have to stay up late, for I have too much work to do.我不得不熬夜，因为我有太多的工作要做。 3. therefore 意为“因此，所以” 如：It is going to rain, therefore we have to put off the match. 要下雨了，因此我们不得不推迟比赛。 一、单项选择 1．Which is better, the red one ________ the white one? A．with B．and C．or D．both 【答案】C 【详解】句意：红色的这个和白色的这个，哪一个更好呢？ 考查连词辨析。with和……一起；and和；or或；both两者都。根据“the red one…the white one”可知，此处表示选择关系，应用or。故选C。 2．—Would you like some juice ________ coffee? —Juice, please. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想喝点果汁还是咖啡？——请给我果汁。 考查连词辨析。and和；or或者；but但是；so所以。根据“Would you like some juice...coffee?”可知，本句是选择疑问句。故选B。 3．I don’t have ________ sugar ________ meat. A．some; and B．any; or C．some; or D．any; and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我没有糖和肉。 考查代词及连词。some一些；and和；any任何；or或者。句子是否定句，此处应用any表示“任何”，否定句的并列用or，故选B。 4．Mike is English, ________ he speaks English very well. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：迈克是英国人，所以他英语说得很好。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“Mike is English...he speaks English very well.”可知，前后句是因果关系，应用so连接，故选D。 5．The pandas are cute, ________ I like them a lot. A．so B．or C．but D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：熊猫很可爱，所以我很喜欢它们。 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；but但是；if如果。根据“The pandas are cute, ... I like them a lot.”可知，前后句为因果关系，此处表示结果，应用so。故选A。 6．Carrots are healthy for me, ________ I eat them for lunch and dinner. A．but B．so C．after D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：胡萝卜对我来说很健康，所以我午餐和晚餐都吃胡萝卜。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；after之后；for因为。根据“Carrots are healthy for me”可知，因为胡萝卜很健康，所以午餐和晚餐都吃胡萝卜。故选B。 7．Teenagers may experience negative feelings, ________ we can deal with them in many ways. A．so B．because C．but D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：青少年可能会经历负面情绪，但我们可以通过多种方式来应对。 考查连词辨析。so因此；because因为；but但是；if如果。根据“Teenagers may experience negative feelings, ... we can deal with them in many ways.”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 8．History is my favourite subject ________ it’s very interesting. A．so B．because C．but D．and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：历史是我最喜欢的学科，因为它非常有趣。 考查连词。so因此、所以，表示结果；because因为，表示原因；but但是，表示转折；and和，表示并列。根据句意可知，“我”最喜欢历史的原因是“它非常有趣”,用because引导状语从句，表示“我最喜欢历史学科的原因”。故选B。 9．Some people do not have arms or legs, ________ they can do lots of things. A．so B．for C．but D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些人没有手臂或腿，但是他们能做许多事情。 考查连词辨析。so所以；for因为；but但是；and和。根据空前“Some people do not have arms or legs”和空后“they can do lots of things”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，but符合。故选C。 10．This is my pen, _______ that is your pencil. A．in B．of C．and D．but 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我的钢笔，那是你的铅笔。 考查连词辨析。in在……里面；of……的；and 和，表顺承；but但是，表转折；空格在句前，填连词，排除介词选项A和B；上下句之间不含转折意义，排除D。故选C。 11．— I like beef noodles and chicken. How about you? — I like dumplings ________ rice. I don’t like hamburgers ________ bread. A．and; and B．and; or C．or; and D．or; or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我喜欢牛肉面和鸡肉，你呢？——我喜欢饺子和米饭，但我不喜欢汉堡或面包。 考查并列连词的用法。连词“and”，“和”的意思，用在肯定句中。否定和疑问句中用“or”。根据语境，题目中前面一句是肯定句，用“and”连接；后面一句是否定句，用“or”连接。故选B。 12．Some books ________ tapes are in the bookcase. A．but B．and C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一些书和磁带在书柜里。 考查连词辨析：but但是，表转折；and和，表并列；so所以，表因果；or或者，表选择。本句是陈述事实，“some books”和“tapes”为并列关系，故选B。 二、阅读理解 Dear Jenny, I hope this letter finds you well. I want to share something special with you today about volunteering in my community. This summer, I started volunteering in the library. It was an eye-opening experience (经历)! I met so many interesting people and learned a lot from them. Every day I helped out at events and read to younger kids. When I saw the smiles on those children’s faces, it made me forget all my problems for a while. This Sunday, I will visit the elderly at the nursing home with ten other people. We will help clean their homes and talk with them. It will be my first time to go there. I hope it will leave me some good memories. At the same time, we will bring lots of joy to the elderly. Jenny, why not try helping out in your community? Volunteering is a wonderful way to make a difference to the community. When we help others, it’s like planting seeds (种子) in a garden. Our kindness grows and spreads like flowers, making the community a better and happier place. I look forward to hearing from you soon! Best wishes, Timmy 13．How did Timmy feel about his volunteer work in the library? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Heavy. D．Enjoyable. 14．What will Timmy do this Sunday? A．He will visit Jenny. B．He will clean his home. C．He will talk with the elderly. D．He will help out in the library. 15．What does the underlined word “memories” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．礼物 B．回忆 C．机会 D．效果 16．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Timmy’s plan to plant a garden. B．Timmy’s love for his community. C．Timmy’s ideas about volunteering. D．Timmy’s hope for a better community. 17．Why did Timmy write to Jenny? A．To ask for help. B．To show her his plan. C．To share his experience. D．To make friends with her. 【答案】13．D 14．C 15．B 16．C 17．C 【导语】本文是一封信件，Timmy在信中向Jenny分享了他参与社区志愿服务的经历和感受，并鼓励Jenny也尝试参与志愿服务。 13．推理判断题。根据“This summer, I started volunteering in the library. It was an eye-opening experience (经历)! I met so many interesting people and learned a lot from them. Every day I helped out at events and read to younger kids. When I saw the smiles on those children’s faces, it made me forget all my problems for a while.”可知，Timmy在图书馆的志愿服务中感到愉快。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据“This Sunday, I will visit the elderly at the nursing home with ten other people. We will help clean their homes and talk with them.”可知，Timmy在本周日将与老人们聊天。故选C。 15．词义猜测题。根据“It will be my first time to go there. I hope it will leave me some good memories.”可知，这将是Timmy第一次去养老院做志愿服务，Timmy希望它能留下一些美好的回忆。划线单词memories意为“回忆”。故选B。 16．段落大意题。根据第四段“Volunteering is a wonderful way to make a difference to the community...”可知，本段主要讲述Timmy对志愿服务的看法。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“I want to share something special with you today about volunteering in my community.”可知，Timmy写信的目的是分享他的经历。故选C。 Today is May Day. My parents take me and my friends to an old people’s home. When we get there, we all feel happy because we can help many people. I’m washing fruit now. And what are my friends doing? Mike is cleaning the hall. At the same time, Lucy and Amy are singing beautiful songs. Old people are enjoying listening to songs. What about my parents? They are cooking for old people with workers in the old people’s home. We are tired (疲倦的), but it’s really interesting. In the evening, it’s time for us to leave. I feel sad about this. In short, it’s really a great May Day for me. 18．What is Mike doing? A．He is singing songs. B．He is cleaning the hall. C．He is learning to dance. D．He is listening to music. 19．How many people go to the old people’s home today? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 20．Where is the writer’s father? A．In the room. B．In the office. C．In the station. D．In the kitchen. 21．Which of the following is the writer’s emotional change (情感变化) on May Day? A．happy→tired→sad B．sad→angry→happy C．tired→happy→angry D．tired→happy→sad 22．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】18．B 19．D 20．D 21．A 22．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在五一节这一天与家人和朋友一起前往敬老院的经历。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mike is cleaning the hall.”可知，迈克正在打扫大厅。故选B。 19．细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者和他的父母及三个朋友去了养老院，共六人。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What about my parents? They are cooking for old people with workers in the old people’s home.”可推知是在厨房。故选D。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When we get there, we all feel happy”，第三段中的“We are tired”及最后一段中的“In the evening, it’s time for us to leave. I feel sad about this.”可知作者的情感变化是：高兴的→疲倦的→难过的。故选A。 22．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了作者和父母及朋友们在五一劳动节当天前往养老院，第二、三段讲述了他们在养老院所做的事情，第四段讲述了作者一天的感受。故本文的篇章结构为总—分—总。故选B。 三、完形填空 选择最恰当的选项完成短文。 My life is always filled with sadness and little joy. However, no matter what happens, I can always face it bravely. Last year, I couldn’t believe the 23 that I was allowed to enter the only key high school in my hometown. Then I rushed to my home and told my parents. But my father didn’t seem as 24 as I was. He just kept smoking without saying a word and my mother put her head down and couldn’t help crying. I knew very well what my family was 25 . My mum had been ill in bed for 2 years. We lived a hard life and I couldn’t continue my schooling. I felt so upset but I could say nothing to my parents. I decided to help my father with his work to support my family. To my surprise, things have completely changed 26 the beginning of the new term. My head teacher came to my family with some money, which had been 27 by my schoolmates. He encouraged me, “you always have a dream.” With tears in my eyes, I stepped into the key high school. I have studied hard since I entered the high school. Whenever I meet difficulties, I always 28 my teacher and schoolmates. I have a college dream and I must work hard for it, no matter how hard life is. Just as a great man says, “When one door shuts, another opens in life.” 23．A．idea B．story C．news D．thought 24．A．upset B．excited C．interested D．worried 25．A．about B．before C．against D．like 26．A．after B．since C．before D．on 27．A．raised B．spent C．planned D．saved 28．A．dream of B．think of C．hear of D．talk of 【答案】23．C 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了家庭困难的作者在老师同学的帮助下得以继续求学的故事。 23．句意：去年，我不敢相信我被允许进入家乡唯一一所重点高中的消息。 idea主意；story故事；news消息；thought想法。根据下文“Then I rushed to my home and told my parents”可知，此处指的是作者听到了被重点高中的消息简直不敢相信。故选C。 24．句意：但我父亲似乎没有我那么激动。 upset烦恼的；excited感到兴奋的；interested感兴趣的；worried感到担忧的。根据上文“Last year, I couldn’t believe the news that I was allowed to enter the only key high school in my hometown. Then I rushed to my home and told my parents”可知，作者知道自己被重点高中录取之后很兴奋，但是自己的父亲却不像自己那样兴奋。故选B。 25．句意：我很清楚我的家庭是什么样的。 about大约；before在……之前；against对抗；like像。根据下文“My mum had been ill in bed for 2 years. We lived a hard life and I couldn’t continue my schooling”可知，作者是清楚自己家是什么样的，故选D。 26．句意：令我惊讶的是，在新学期开始之前，情况已经完全改变了。 after在……之后；since自从；before在……之前；on在……上。根据下文“With tears in my eyes, I stepped into the key high school”可知，老师带着钱来家里是在开学之前的事，故选C。 27．句意：我的班主任带着一些钱来到我家，这些钱是由我的同学们筹集的。 raised筹集；spent花费；planned计划；saved节省。根据下文“by my schoolmates”提示，此处指的是钱是由同学们筹集的。故选A。 28．句意：每当我遇到困难，我总是会想起我的老师和同学。 dream of梦想；think of想起；hear of听说；talk of谈到。根据上文“I have studied hard since I entered the high school”可知，作者已经离开了原来的学校，去了重点高中，所以是想起那些老师和同学。故选B。 四、短文填空 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Sarah was a very brave lady who liked to p 29 people from danger. One day, she heard someone shouting from her neighbour’s house. She saw a bad person hurting her neighbour and knew she had to act quickly. Sarah pushed the bad person away to keep her neighbour s 30 . But then the bad person hurt Sarah too. Luckily, Sarah could get away and helped her neighbour. She believed that anyone could be brave like her if they had the a 31 to protect themselves. Sarah thought that being brave was not enough. So she started a self-defense (自卫) class to help people learn how to protect themselves and others. She knew that it was i 32 to get away from danger. Sarah’s story told us that anyone could be a h 33 if they stood up for what was right and helped others. 【答案】29．(p)rotect 30．(s)afe 31．(a)bility 32．(i)mportant 33．(h)ero 【导语】本文主要讲述了萨拉通过见义勇为和开设课程帮助他人保护自己的故事。 29．句意：萨拉是一位非常勇敢的女性，她喜欢保护人们免受危险。根据下文可知，萨拉喜欢保护他人，protect sb from danger 表示“保护某人免受危险”，应用protect；like to do sth“喜欢做某事”为固定搭配，故填 (p)rotect。 30．句意：萨拉推开坏人，确保她的邻居安全。根据语境和首字母提示可知，萨拉快速行动是为了确保邻居安全，应用短语keep sb safe“保持某人安全”。故填(s)afe。 31．句意：她相信，如果人们有能力保护自己，任何人都可以像她一样勇敢。根据“the ...to get away from danger”和首字母提示可知，此处表示“保护自己的能力”，名词ability“能力”符合，此处用单数形式。故填(a)bility。 32．句意：她知道，重要的是要从危险中逃脱。根据语境和首字母提示可知，此处表示摆脱危险是重要的；was是系动词，后面应跟形容词作表语，important意为“重要的”。故填(i)mportant。 33．句意：萨拉的故事告诉我们，如果人们坚持正义并帮助他人，任何人都可以成为英雄。根据语境和首字母提示可知，此处表示能坚持正确的事情和帮助他人的人会成为一名英雄，hero意为“英雄”；a后跟单数名词。故填(h)ero。 五、任务型阅读 I’m Lucy. Today was a very special day for me and my friends Jack and Linda. We had a charity (慈善) sale in our neighborhood to raise money for a children’s home. It started at 8:30 a.m. and ended at 4:30 p.m. We were very excited about this charity sale. To prepare for the sale, I took some of my favourite toys to sell, including a cute toy bear. I spent ninety cents buying it. Jack brought lots of interesting storybooks and he had already read them twice. Linda brought some of her old clothes because the clothes didn’t fit her anymore, but they were still clean. Finally, many of our neighbors came to the sale and bought what they needed. Someone bought my little bear, and others bought Jack’s books and Linda’s clothes. Everyone was very kind. After checking the money, we gave it away to the children’s home. We really did a good thing for others by ourselves. Helping others will leave us with wonderful memories. We hope that more and more people will join us to do something good for the children in need. We all should know that small actions (行为) can be helpful in making the world better! Let’s do our best to make the world better. 根据短文内容回答下列问题 34．What was the charity sale for? 35．How long did the charity sale last? 36．Why did Linda bring some of her old clothes to the charity sale? 37．Who came to the charity sale? 38．What can we know from the story? 【答案】34．To raise money for a children’s home. 35．It lasted for 8 hours. 36．Because the clothes didn’t fit her anymore, but they were still clean. 37．Many of their neighbors. 38．Small actions can be helpful in making the world better.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 【导语】本文介绍了作者和朋友举办的一次慈善义卖会。 34．根据原文“We had a charity (慈善) sale in our neighborhood to raise money for a children’s home”可知，慈善义卖是为一个儿童之家筹集资金。故填To raise money for a children’s home. 35．根据原文“It started at 8:30 a.m. and ended at 4:30 p.m.”可知，慈善义卖上午8:30开始，下午4:30结束，持续8小时。故填It lasted for 8 hours. 36．根据原文“Linda brought some of her old clothes because the clothes didn’t fit her anymore, but they were still clean”可知，琳达的一些旧衣服不再适合她了，但它们仍然很干净。故填Because the clothes didn’t fit her anymore, but they were still clean. 37．根据原文“Finally, many of our neighbors came to the sale and bought what they needed”可知，许多邻居都来参加慈善义卖。故填Many of their neighbors. 38．本文介绍了作者和朋友举办的一次慈善义卖会。作者通过此处经历告诉读者，微小的行动也可以让世界变得更美好。故填Small actions can be helpful in making the world better. 六、书面表达 39．“帮助他人，快乐自己”是新华学校李薇同学的生活理念，每个周末她都在自己的小区帮助老人们做一些事情。假如你是李薇，请根据提示信息写一篇词数70左右的短文，介绍自己上周六做过的事情。 时间 事件 周六上午 帮王奶奶买菜、包水饺 周六下午 帮李爷爷种花，打扫社区卫生 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Hi, I’m Li Wei from Xinhua School. I like helping other people. Every weekend, I always help the old people in our neighborhood. Last Saturday morning, I helped Grandma Wang buy some vegetables in the supermarket. Then I helped her make dumplings at home. In the afternoon, I helped Grandpa Li grow flowers. Then I cleaned the neighborhood. In the evening, although I felt very tired, I was very happy. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，首先介绍个人概况； 第二步，接着具体阐述周六一天帮助小区老人做的一些事情； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①like doing sth喜欢做某事 ②in the supermarket在超市 ③make dumplings包饺子 ④grow flowers种花 [高分句型] In the evening, although I felt very tired, I was very happy. (although引导的让步状语从句) 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$