专题07 非谓语动词（讲练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（湖南专用）

专题07 非谓语动词 考点 课标要求 命题预测 动词不定式 不定式作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补的用法。 非谓语的考点常以语法填空的形式进行考查。 考查的命题点有： 1.非谓语的基本句法功能。 2.it作形式主语、形式宾语的用法 3.感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法 4.动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用 5.辨析有些既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语的动词 6.辨析 -ed分词和-ing分词作表语的用法 动名词 动名词作主语、宾语、表语、宾补的用法。 现在分词和过去分词 初中阶段主要掌握现在分词和过去分词作定语和表语的用法辨析。 1．（2024 湖南长沙卷）Orchids (兰花) come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed ___1___ (represent) love and beauty. 2．（2024 湖南省卷）The quality(品质)was good, but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 2 (have) a different menu. 3．（2023 湖南衡阳卷）They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I’m ___3___ (excite) we could do something to help others! 4．（2023 湖南衡阳卷）There are about 50 families on the ___ 4__ (wait) list. 5．（2023 湖南怀化卷）Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin will now be able ___5___ (open) an online shop that sells delicious food from his hometown. 6．（2023 湖南长沙卷）The date and a greeting (问候语) such as “Dear…” should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to follow the body. End it by ____6____ (sign) it. 7．（2022 湖南岳阳卷）On the other hand, students spend more time ___7___ （join）after-school clubs. 8．（2023 湖南永州卷）I’ve decided ___8______（stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 9．（2022 湖南娄底卷）He wants ___9___ (learn) another foreign language if his Chinese is good enough, but that day hasn’t arrived yet. 10．（2022 湖南邵阳卷）He keeps fighting ____10____ (help) the weak and never gives up. 11．（2023 湖南岳阳卷）In order to become professional traffic volunteers, parents are supposed to learn how to give directions to students and stop them from ____11____ soccer on the road. 12．（2023 湖南长沙卷）He encouraged people ____12____ (take) a break from today’s social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand. 13．（2023 湖南常德卷）After some time, Haojia was pleased ____13____ (find) that the moon was in the bucket. 14．（2022 湖南长沙卷）It took around 120 hours ____42____ (finish) this 3D-printed house. 15．（2022 湖南衡阳卷） A new report predicts that by 2050, half of the world’s population (around 4.8 billion people) will be shortsighted. The medical name for this is myopia (近视). It is also ____15____ (call) nearsightedness. 1.动词不定式的构成与特征 动词不定式不能在句中单独作谓语，其基本形式为“to＋动词原形”，否定形式为“not to＋动词原形”，在句中使用时具有名词、形容词或副词的特征。 2.动词不定式的基本用法 用法 说明 例句 作主语 ①当单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ②为了保持句子的平衡，通常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——不定式（短语）放在后面。 ①To admit his mistake is not easy for him. 要他承认错误对他来说是不容易的。 ②It’s very nice of you to help me with my English. 你帮助我学英语，你真是太好了。 作表语 不定式可以用在系动词后作表语，通常表示愿望、责任、义务等。 His wish is to become a musician. 他的愿望是当一名音乐家。 作宾语 ①一些表示命令、打算、希望、决心等的动词后常接不定式作宾语。此类动词巧记如下： 想要干：want， wish， hope， expect， would like/love， like 早打算：plan， prepare， mean 同意否：agree， offer， refuse 问问看：ask， afford 决定了：decide， make up one’s mind， promise 开始学：begin/start， learn 尽力干：manage（反义词fail）， try 努力做：make an effort 莫等待：wait 别忘记：forget（反义词remember） ②在find， think等词后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。 ①He agreed to meet me at the station. 他同意在车站接我。 ②I think it difficult to finish the program in two weeks. 我觉得要在两周内完成这个项目很难。 作宾语 补足语 ①常在“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构中使用。常见此类动词有advise， allow， ask， encourage， force， help， invite， order， teach， tell， warn， wish， want/would like， expect， get等。 ②在表示感官及使役等意义的动词后，要用不带to的不定式作补语。常见的此类动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear，listen）、三让（let，make，have）、四看（look，see，notice， watch）。help后用带to或不带to的不定式均可。 ①His mother warns him not to play computer games anymore. 他的妈妈警告他不要再玩电脑游戏了。 ②They heard him sing a song in the meeting room. 他们听见他在会议室唱了一首歌。 作定语 不定式（短语）作定语时，应放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 He was the first to come to the classroom. 他是第一个来到教室的人。 作状语 不定式可作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 ①He returned home to see what happened. 他返回家去看发生了什么。（目的状语） ②She opened the box to find it empty. 她打开盒子，结果却发现它是空的。（结果状语） ③I’m glad to see you. 见到你很高兴。（原因状语） 【拓展】 1.当有两个并列不定式作宾补时，后一个不定式往往省略to。如： The boss asked Tim to go and find out if there was anyone else absent. 2.省略to的常见句型： ①Why not do sth.？ ＝ Why don’t you do sth.？ 为什么不……呢？ ②Could/Would/Will you please （not） do sth.？ 你可以（不）做……吗？ ③had better （not） do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 ④would rather do A than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B ⑤let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧。 ⑥prefer to do...rather than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 3.含动词不定式的特殊句型： ①It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。 ②It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 ③It’s time to do sth. 到做某事的时间了。 ④adj.＋enough to do sth. 足够……做某事 ⑤too...to... 太……而不能…… 易错提醒：非谓语和祈使句的辨析 若逗号后无连词，直接跟一个句子，则前半句用非谓语动词；若有逗号，且逗号后有and或or等并列连词，则前半句为祈使句。 如：①To catch the early bus， Lucy got up very early today. 为了赶上早班公交车，露西今天早上起得很早。 ②Hurry up， or we will miss the train. 快点儿，否则我们就赶不上火车了。 4.常见接动名词作宾语的结构如下： 1.want to do sth.想要做某事 2.leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事 3.expect to do sth.期待做某事 4.hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事 5.wish to do sth.希望做某事 6.like sb.to do sth.喜欢某人做某事 7.pretend to do sth.假装做某事 8.struggle to do sth.努力做某事 9.ask to do sth.要求做某事 10.teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事 11.promise to do sth.答应做某事 12.allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事 13.beg to do sth.请求做某事 14.tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 15.arrange to do sth.安排做某事 16.bear sb.to do sth.忍受某人做某事 17.care to do sth.想要做某事 18.get sb.to do sth.使(要)某人做某事 19.demand to do sth.要求做某事 20.beg sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 21.fear to do sth.害怕做某事 22.invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 23.afford to do sth.负担得起做某事 24.want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 25.help to do sth.帮助做某事 26.need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事 27.manage to do sth.设法做某事 28.warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 29.hope to do sth.希望做某事 30.prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事 31.offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 32.wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事 33.learn to do sth.学习做某事 34.expect sb.to do sth期望某人做某事 35.cause sb to do sth.导致某人做某事 36.prepare to do sth.准备做某事 37.plan to do sth.计划做某事 38.forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 39.determine to do sth.决心做某事 40.drive sb.to do sth.驱使某人做某事 41.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 42.oblige sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事 43.aim to do sth.打算做某事 44.elect sb.to do sth.选举某人做某事 45.agree to do sth.同意做某事 46.order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事 47.force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事 48.fail to do sth.未能做某事 49.choose to do sth决定做某事 50.permit sb. to do sth允许某人做某事 51.long to do sth.（long作动词是：渴望）渴望做某事 52.hate sb.to do sth.讨厌某人做某事 53.decide to do sth.决定做某事 54.ask sb.to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事 55.happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 56.help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 57.advise sb.to do  sth.建议某人做某事 58.remind sb. to do  sth.提醒某人做事 59.command sb. to do  sth.命令某人做某事 60.intend sb. to do  sth.想要某人做事 5.动名词的构成与特征 动名词由“动词原形（do）＋-ing”构成，其形式与现在分词的构成相同，否定形式为“not＋动词原形＋-ing”。动名词既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。如： ①Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜对你的健康有害。 ②Her hobby is playing the violin. 她的爱好是拉小提琴。 6.动名词的用法 用法 说明 例句 作主语 动名词放在句首作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Reading is an art. 阅读是一项技能。 作表语 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。 His hobby is swimming. 他的爱好是游泳。 作定语 动名词作定语时，表示其所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，放在被修饰词之前。 Our country is a developing country. 我们国家是一个发展中国家。 作宾语 动名词作宾语时，既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。 ①I finished reading the book last night. 我昨晚读完了这本书。（作动词宾语） ②A young boy made a living by selling fried dough sticks （油条） in the market. 一个小男孩靠在市场上卖油条谋生。（作介词宾语） 7.常见接动名词作宾语的结构如下： 1. keep doing坚持做某事 2. keep sb. doing使某人一直做某事 3. practise doing sth.练习做某事 4. enjoy doing喜欢做某事 5. finish doing完成做某事 6. be afraid of doing 害怕做某事 7. how about doing.../what about doing做某事怎么样  8. look forward to doing盼望做某事 9. spend some time (in)doing花时间做某事  10. spend some money (in) buying花钱做 11. stop/keep/prevent … from doing阻止某人做某事    12. feel like doing想做某事 13. thank sb for doing感谢某人做某事  14. thanks for doing感谢做某事  15.  do some cooking /cleaning /reading /shopping /washing做点饭、打扫一下卫生、读点书、逛逛街、洗洗衣服  16. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating去游泳、钓鱼、  逛街、 滑冰、 划船  17. mind doing介意做某事  18. can’t help doing情不自禁做某事  19. consider doing考虑做某事  20. have fun doing sth.. 做某事有趣 21. have difficulty/ trouble/ problem  doing sth做某事有困难  22. waste time/money doing浪费时间或金钱做某事 23. instead of doing代替做某事  24. miss doing 错过做某事 25. hold on to doing坚持做某事  26. pay attention to doing集中精力做某事  27. suggest doing建议做某事 28. It’s time for doing  到该做某事的时间了It’s time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了  29. There is sb doing sth有人正在做某事  30. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 31.  have a lot of experience具有做某事的丰富经验  32. be used for doing sth被用来做某事  33. sb allow doing sth允许做某事  34.  put off doing sth推迟做某事  35. succeed in doing sth 成功做某事  36.  end up doing以做某事结束  37. give up doing放弃做某事 38. be busy doing 忙于做某事  39. pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 【拓展】既可接不定式也可接动名词的动词（短语） 　　　 　　 　　 　 8.过去分词的基本用法 用法 说明 例句 作表语 过去分词用作表语时，通常表示主语的状态或心理感受。 We were deeply moved when we heard the news. 听到这个消息，我们深受感动。 作定语 过去分词可以用来修饰名词，表示动作的完成或被动状态。 The broken window needs to be fixed. 破碎的窗户需要修理。 作补语 过去分词可以用作补语，表示动作的结果或状态。例如： "They kept the door locked."他们保持门锁着。 作状语 过去分词可以用作状语，表示时间、条件、原因等。 "Exhausted from work, he fell asleep immediately." 工作后，他感到疲倦，很快就睡着了。 注：与现在分词的区别 过去分词和现在分词的主要区别在于它们所表达的动作的性质。过去分词通常表示被动或完成的动作，而现在分词则通常表示主动或进行的动作。例如： "The cake was eaten by the children."（蛋糕被孩子们吃了。） "I saw him running."（我看到他在跑步。） 1． The teacher asked me 　 　(not be) late for school next time. 2． Bruce forgot 　 　 (turn) off the light when he left the room. 3． The boy often learns English by 　 　(watch) English movies. 4． Would you like 　 　(visit) the West Hill, Susan? 5． Don't expect me 　 　 (go) and visit you there. 6．　 　(eat) too much fast food will not be good for our health. 7．　 　(keep) fit, you shouldn't eat too many sweets. 8． All these young plants require 　 　(look) after carefully. 9． Miss Wang required all the students 　 　(keep) silent. 10． Clark offered 　 　(drive) us to the airport, but we preferred to take the underground. 11． Ron is too young　 　(go) to school. 12． When 　 　(wait) for the bus, he always listens to music. 13． It is no use 　 　(wait) here without calling him in advance. 14． You should take off your shoes before 　 　 (enter) the room. 15． My brother asked me 　 　(give) him some advice on how to learn English well. 16． It's a waste of time 　 　(tell) him the problem. 17． I'm sorry 　 　(tell) you that the work was not done well. 18． The workers have already learned how 　 　(control) the machine. 19． Teenagers need do some physical activities, like 　 　(run) and playing football. 20． Tina has to stay at home 　 　(look) after her little sister. 21． My brother refused 　 　(move) the heavy box. 22． I intended Roy 　 　(complete) the hard task with me. 23． After thinking for a while, we chose 　 　(eat) in this restaurant. 24． The doctor warned the patient 　 　(stop) smoking again. 25． My parents offered 　 　(buy) me a mobile phone last night. 26． Lily spends plenty of time 　 　(enjoy) Western music every day. 27． All of the students volunteered 　 　 (paint) the house. 28． Bill's parents should allow him 　 　(make) his decisions because he is not a child any more. 29． The Central Park is free 　 　(visit) at weekends. 30． Lucy plans 　 　(have) a vacation in Bali with her parents. 31． No 　 　(shout), please. Your baby sister is sleeping. 32． It's no good 　 　(talk) to him, because he never listens. 33． It's hard to get the answer without 　 　(think) it over. 34． Do you have the chance 　 　(use) English at your work? 35． My father promised 　 　(buy) me a new schoolbag yesterday. 36． It is boring 　 　(listen) to the same song again and again. 37． Don't worry. I promise　 　(do) just as you say. 38． My father always encourages me 　 　(play) sports after school. 39． Our English teacher always encourages us 　 　(speak) English in class. 40． My parents are considering 　 　 (buy)a big house. 41． —How can we go to the theatre, Bruce? —It's a long way to go. We'd better take the underground instead of 　 　(walk) there. 42． You can go out to play after you finish 　 　(do) your homework. 43． After 　 　(make) the decision, Tim left the village silently. 44． The mother was happy 　 　(meet) her daughter at the airport. 45． My father is busy 　 　(work) now. He has no time to play with me. 46． Peter learnt 　 　(play) the violin when he was five years old. 47． Mr White advised me 　 　(speak) English as much as possible. 48． Dad was about 　 　(leave) home when it began to rain outside. 49． Seeing the teacher come in, Betty managed 　 　(stop) talking with her classmates immediately. 50． The man looked so tired, but he continued 　 　(do) his work. 51． John's mother has warned him to give up 　 　(eat) fast food. 52． I will never give up　 　(do) sports because I want to keep healthy. 53． The students stopped 　 　(talk) as soon as the teacher came into the classroom. 54． Jack's parents often tell him 　 　(finish) his homework on time. 55．The teachers always warn us 　 　(not swim) in the river alone. It's too dangerous. 56．If other students have trouble 　 　(learn) a subject that you're good at, you can help them. 57． It's no use　 　 him advice. He won't listen to you.( give). 58． He used　 　（listen）to pop music but now he likes rock music. 59． You won't have any problem　 　（get）help from others in our hometown. 60． He now treats everyone with kindness and warmth, 　 　（spread）love and joy everywhere he goes. 61．Squirrels always like saving some food before winter comes. But they forget where 　 　(find) it from time to time. 62． If you stick to 　 　 something every day, you could write a novel of your own one day. (write) 63．The book gives you a better 　 　 (understand) of Chinese food. 64． What about 　 　 (connect) your job with your interest? 65． Many students have trouble 　 with their parents. However, with a little hard work, they can learn to solve this problem. (communicate) 66． The children did a lot of research in the lab 　 　 (finish) the science project. 67．After many years' practice, he is really good at 　 　 (write) now. 68． I enjoy 　 　 (listen) to music in my spare time. 69． Bill works hard and looks forward to 　 　 into a good university.（get） 70． We always talk a lot about our dreams, but when it's time 　 　(realize)them, we find excuses for why we stop trying. 71． It's difficult for us　 　 (fill) the man-made lake with water. 72． The Greens moved to a big city and soon they got used to　 　(live) there. 73． The police officer opened the bag, only to find the　 　(steal) watch lying in it silently. 74． Jason regretted 　 　(shout) back to his sister and then he called her to say sorry. 75． You're expected　 　(shake) hands when you meet people for the first time. 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 非谓语动词 考点 课标要求 命题预测 动词不定式 不定式作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补的用法。 非谓语的考点常以语法填空的形式进行考查。 考查的命题点有： 1.非谓语的基本句法功能。 2.it作形式主语、形式宾语的用法 3.感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法 4.动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用 5.辨析有些既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宾语的动词 6.辨析 -ed分词和-ing分词作表语的用法 动名词 动名词作主语、宾语、表语、宾补的用法。 现在分词和过去分词 初中阶段主要掌握现在分词和过去分词作定语和表语的用法辨析。 1．（2024 湖南长沙卷）Orchids (兰花) come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed ___1___ (represent) love and beauty. 【答案】to represent 【详解】句意：人们认为它们代表着爱和美。be believed to do sth“被相信做某事”，故填to represent。 2．（2024 湖南省卷）The quality(品质)was good, but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 2 (have) a different menu. 【答案】to have 【详解】 考查动词不定式。句意:质量很好，但我想做一些不同的东西，所以我决定有一个不同的菜单。根据decide to do sth(决定做某事)可知，空处使用动词不定式。have有，动词。不定式形式为to have。故填to have. 3．（2023 湖南衡阳卷）They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I’m ___3___ (excite) we could do something to help others! 【答案】 excited 【详解】句意：我很高兴我们能做些事情来帮助别人! excite“激动”，此处是作表语,应用形容词,修饰人，应用excited,故填excited。 4．（2023 湖南衡阳卷）There are about 50 families on the ___ 4__ (wait) list. 【答案】 waiting 【详解】句意:大约有50个家庭在等候名单上。wait 是动词，此处应用其ing 形式作定语修饰list，故填 waiting。 5．（2023 湖南怀化卷）Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin will now be able ___5___ (open) an online shop that sells delicious food from his hometown. 【答案】 to open 【详解】句意：由于村里修了新路，张斌现在可以开网店卖家乡的美食了。be able to do sth“能够做某事”，故填to open。 6．（2023 湖南长沙卷）The date and a greeting (问候语) such as “Dear…” should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to follow the body. End it by ____6____ (sign) it. 【答案】 signing 【详解】句意：通过签名来结束它。by是介词，其后加动名词作宾语。故填signing。 7．（2022 湖南岳阳卷）On the other hand, students spend more time ___7___ （join）after-school clubs. 【答案】 joining 【详解】句意： 另一方面，学生花更多的时间参加课外俱乐部。根据“after-school clubs”可知，参加课外俱乐部，结合spend sth doing sth，需要动名词，joining符合句意；故填joining。 8．（2023 湖南永州卷）I’ve decided ___8______（stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 【答案】 to stay 【详解】句意:自从体检后，我决定远离油炸食品和软饮料。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定短语，故填to stay。 9．（2022 湖南娄底卷）He wants ___9___ (learn) another foreign language if his Chinese is good enough, but that day hasn’t arrived yet. 【答案】 to learn 【详解】如果他的中文足够好，他还想再学一门外语，但这一天还没有到来。want to do sth表示“想要做某事”，因此空格处应填动词learn的不定式to learn。故填to learn。 10．（2022 湖南邵阳卷）He keeps fighting ____10____ (help) the weak and never gives up. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：他一直在为帮助弱者而奋斗，从不放弃。空处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to help。 11．（2023 湖南岳阳卷）In order to become professional traffic volunteers, parents are supposed to learn how to give directions to students and stop them from ____11____ soccer on the road. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：为了成为专业的交通志愿者，父母应该学会如何给学生指路，阻止他们在路上踢足球。根据“stop them from...soccer on the road”可知，此处是play soccer短语，意为“踢足球”，from是介词，其后加动名词作宾语。故填playing。 12．（2023 湖南长沙卷）He encouraged people ____12____ (take) a break from today’s social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：他鼓励人们从今天的社交媒体中休息一下，手写一封信给别人。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to take。 13．（2023 湖南常德卷）After some time, Haojia was pleased ____13____ (find) that the moon was in the bucket. 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：过了一段时间，郝佳很高兴地发现月亮在桶里。find“发现”，动词。be pleased to do sth.“高兴做某事”，故用动词不定式。故填to find。 14．（2022 湖南长沙卷）It took around 120 hours ____42____ (finish) this 3D-printed house. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：完成这座3D打印房子花了大约120个小时。“It takes+时间段+to do sth”，表示“做某事花费多长时间”，动词不定式作主语。故填to finish。 15．（2022 湖南衡阳卷） A new report predicts that by 2050, half of the world’s population (around 4.8 billion people) will be shortsighted. The medical name for this is myopia (近视). It is also ____15____ (call) nearsightedness. 【答案】called 【详解】句意：它也被称为近视。主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态表示，动词用过去分词形式，故填called。 1.动词不定式的构成与特征 动词不定式不能在句中单独作谓语，其基本形式为“to＋动词原形”，否定形式为“not to＋动词原形”，在句中使用时具有名词、形容词或副词的特征。 2.动词不定式的基本用法 用法 说明 例句 作主语 ①当单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ②为了保持句子的平衡，通常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——不定式（短语）放在后面。 ①To admit his mistake is not easy for him. 要他承认错误对他来说是不容易的。 ②It’s very nice of you to help me with my English. 你帮助我学英语，你真是太好了。 作表语 不定式可以用在系动词后作表语，通常表示愿望、责任、义务等。 His wish is to become a musician. 他的愿望是当一名音乐家。 作宾语 ①一些表示命令、打算、希望、决心等的动词后常接不定式作宾语。此类动词巧记如下： 想要干：want， wish， hope， expect， would like/love， like 早打算：plan， prepare， mean 同意否：agree， offer， refuse 问问看：ask， afford 决定了：decide， make up one’s mind， promise 开始学：begin/start， learn 尽力干：manage（反义词fail）， try 努力做：make an effort 莫等待：wait 别忘记：forget（反义词remember） ②在find， think等词后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。 ①He agreed to meet me at the station. 他同意在车站接我。 ②I think it difficult to finish the program in two weeks. 我觉得要在两周内完成这个项目很难。 作宾语 补足语 ①常在“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构中使用。常见此类动词有advise， allow， ask， encourage， force， help， invite， order， teach， tell， warn， wish， want/would like， expect， get等。 ②在表示感官及使役等意义的动词后，要用不带to的不定式作补语。常见的此类动词有：一感（feel）、二听（hear，listen）、三让（let，make，have）、四看（look，see，notice， watch）。help后用带to或不带to的不定式均可。 ①His mother warns him not to play computer games anymore. 他的妈妈警告他不要再玩电脑游戏了。 ②They heard him sing a song in the meeting room. 他们听见他在会议室唱了一首歌。 作定语 不定式（短语）作定语时，应放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 He was the first to come to the classroom. 他是第一个来到教室的人。 作状语 不定式可作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 ①He returned home to see what happened. 他返回家去看发生了什么。（目的状语） ②She opened the box to find it empty. 她打开盒子，结果却发现它是空的。（结果状语） ③I’m glad to see you. 见到你很高兴。（原因状语） 【拓展】 1.当有两个并列不定式作宾补时，后一个不定式往往省略to。如： The boss asked Tim to go and find out if there was anyone else absent. 2.省略to的常见句型： ①Why not do sth.？ ＝ Why don’t you do sth.？ 为什么不……呢？ ②Could/Would/Will you please （not） do sth.？ 你可以（不）做……吗？ ③had better （not） do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 ④would rather do A than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B ⑤let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧。 ⑥prefer to do...rather than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 3.含动词不定式的特殊句型： ①It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。 ②It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 ③It’s time to do sth. 到做某事的时间了。 ④adj.＋enough to do sth. 足够……做某事 ⑤too...to... 太……而不能…… 易错提醒：非谓语和祈使句的辨析 若逗号后无连词，直接跟一个句子，则前半句用非谓语动词；若有逗号，且逗号后有and或or等并列连词，则前半句为祈使句。 如：①To catch the early bus， Lucy got up very early today. 为了赶上早班公交车，露西今天早上起得很早。 ②Hurry up， or we will miss the train. 快点儿，否则我们就赶不上火车了。 4.常见接动名词作宾语的结构如下： 1.want to do sth.想要做某事 2.leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事 3.expect to do sth.期待做某事 4.hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事 5.wish to do sth.希望做某事 6.like sb.to do sth.喜欢某人做某事 7.pretend to do sth.假装做某事 8.struggle to do sth.努力做某事 9.ask to do sth.要求做某事 10.teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事 11.promise to do sth.答应做某事 12.allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事 13.beg to do sth.请求做某事 14.tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 15.arrange to do sth.安排做某事 16.bear sb.to do sth.忍受某人做某事 17.care to do sth.想要做某事 18.get sb.to do sth.使(要)某人做某事 19.demand to do sth.要求做某事 20.beg sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 21.fear to do sth.害怕做某事 22.invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 23.afford to do sth.负担得起做某事 24.want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 25.help to do sth.帮助做某事 26.need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事 27.manage to do sth.设法做某事 28.warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 29.hope to do sth.希望做某事 30.prefer sb.to do sth.宁愿某人做某事 31.offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 32.wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事 33.learn to do sth.学习做某事 34.expect sb.to do sth期望某人做某事 35.cause sb to do sth.导致某人做某事 36.prepare to do sth.准备做某事 37.plan to do sth.计划做某事 38.forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 39.determine to do sth.决心做某事 40.drive sb.to do sth.驱使某人做某事 41.refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 42.oblige sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事 43.aim to do sth.打算做某事 44.elect sb.to do sth.选举某人做某事 45.agree to do sth.同意做某事 46.order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事 47.force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事 48.fail to do sth.未能做某事 49.choose to do sth决定做某事 50.permit sb. to do sth允许某人做某事 51.long to do sth.（long作动词是：渴望）渴望做某事 52.hate sb.to do sth.讨厌某人做某事 53.decide to do sth.决定做某事 54.ask sb.to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事 55.happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 56.help sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 57.advise sb.to do  sth.建议某人做某事 58.remind sb. to do  sth.提醒某人做事 59.command sb. to do  sth.命令某人做某事 60.intend sb. to do  sth.想要某人做事 5.动名词的构成与特征 动名词由“动词原形（do）＋-ing”构成，其形式与现在分词的构成相同，否定形式为“not＋动词原形＋-ing”。动名词既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。如： ①Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜对你的健康有害。 ②Her hobby is playing the violin. 她的爱好是拉小提琴。 6.动名词的用法 用法 说明 例句 作主语 动名词放在句首作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Reading is an art. 阅读是一项技能。 作表语 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。 His hobby is swimming. 他的爱好是游泳。 作定语 动名词作定语时，表示其所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，放在被修饰词之前。 Our country is a developing country. 我们国家是一个发展中国家。 作宾语 动名词作宾语时，既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。 ①I finished reading the book last night. 我昨晚读完了这本书。（作动词宾语） ②A young boy made a living by selling fried dough sticks （油条） in the market. 一个小男孩靠在市场上卖油条谋生。（作介词宾语） 7.常见接动名词作宾语的结构如下： 1. keep doing坚持做某事 2. keep sb. doing使某人一直做某事 3. practise doing sth.练习做某事 4. enjoy doing喜欢做某事 5. finish doing完成做某事 6. be afraid of doing 害怕做某事 7. how about doing.../what about doing做某事怎么样  8. look forward to doing盼望做某事 9. spend some time (in)doing花时间做某事  10. spend some money (in) buying花钱做 11. stop/keep/prevent … from doing阻止某人做某事    12. feel like doing想做某事 13. thank sb for doing感谢某人做某事  14. thanks for doing感谢做某事  15.  do some cooking /cleaning /reading /shopping /washing做点饭、打扫一下卫生、读点书、逛逛街、洗洗衣服  16. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating去游泳、钓鱼、  逛街、 滑冰、 划船  17. mind doing介意做某事  18. can’t help doing情不自禁做某事  19. consider doing考虑做某事  20. have fun doing sth.. 做某事有趣 21. have difficulty/ trouble/ problem  doing sth做某事有困难  22. waste time/money doing浪费时间或金钱做某事 23. instead of doing代替做某事  24. miss doing 错过做某事 25. hold on to doing坚持做某事  26. pay attention to doing集中精力做某事  27. suggest doing建议做某事 28. It’s time for doing  到该做某事的时间了It’s time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了  29. There is sb doing sth有人正在做某事  30. be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 31.  have a lot of experience具有做某事的丰富经验  32. be used for doing sth被用来做某事  33. sb allow doing sth允许做某事  34.  put off doing sth推迟做某事  35. succeed in doing sth 成功做某事  36.  end up doing以做某事结束  37. give up doing放弃做某事 38. be busy doing 忙于做某事  39. pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 【拓展】既可接不定式也可接动名词的动词（短语） 　　　 　　 　　 　 8.过去分词的基本用法 用法 说明 例句 作表语 过去分词用作表语时，通常表示主语的状态或心理感受。 We were deeply moved when we heard the news. 听到这个消息，我们深受感动。 作定语 过去分词可以用来修饰名词，表示动作的完成或被动状态。 The broken window needs to be fixed. 破碎的窗户需要修理。 作补语 过去分词可以用作补语，表示动作的结果或状态。例如： "They kept the door locked."他们保持门锁着。 作状语 过去分词可以用作状语，表示时间、条件、原因等。 "Exhausted from work, he fell asleep immediately." 工作后，他感到疲倦，很快就睡着了。 注：与现在分词的区别 过去分词和现在分词的主要区别在于它们所表达的动作的性质。过去分词通常表示被动或完成的动作，而现在分词则通常表示主动或进行的动作。例如： "The cake was eaten by the children."（蛋糕被孩子们吃了。） "I saw him running."（我看到他在跑步。） 1． The teacher asked me 　 　(not be) late for school next time. 【答案】not to be 【解析】【分析】句意：老师叫我下次上学不要迟到。not be，不，表否形式。本题考查ask sb. not to do sth，要求某人不要做某事。故填not to be。 2． Bruce forgot 　 　 (turn) off the light when he left the room. 【答案】to turn 【解析】【分析】句意：布鲁斯离开房间时忘了关灯。turn，旋转，动词。在本句中，"forgot" 是动词，后面需要跟不定式作宾语，表示忘记要做的事情。"to turn off the light" 是不定式短语，作为 "forgot" 的宾语，表示 Bruce 忘记了关灯这个动作。故填to turn。 3． The boy often learns English by 　 　(watch) English movies. 【答案】watching 【解析】【分析】句意： 这个男孩经常通过看英语电影来学英语。 watch观看，动词，前面是介词by，此处需要动名词作介词宾语，故填watching。 4． Would you like 　 　(visit) the West Hill, Susan? 【答案】to visit 【解析】【分析】句意： 苏珊，你想参观西山吗？ visit参观，动词，would you like to do sth你想做某事吗，固定搭配，此处需要动词不定式作宾语，故填to visit。 5． Don't expect me 　 　 (go) and visit you there. 【答案】to go 【解析】【分析】句意：别指望我会去那里拜访你。go，动词，去；expect，动词，期望，固定搭配expect to do，指望做某事，故填to go。 6．　 　(eat) too much fast food will not be good for our health. 【答案】Eating 【解析】【分析】吃太多的快餐将对我们的健康没有好处。eat是动词，吃，句子缺少主语，动名词形式可以做主语，eat的动名词形式是eating，注意句首单词首字母要大写，故答案为Eating。 7．　 　(keep) fit, you shouldn't eat too many sweets. 【答案】To keep 【解析】【分析】句意：为了保持健康，你不应该吃太多的糖果。keep fit是动词短语，保持健康，这里用动词不定式表目的，注意句首单词首字母要大写，故答案为To keep。 8． All these young plants require 　 　(look) after carefully. 【答案】looking 【解析】【分析】句意：所有这些小树需要被细心照顾。look，看，动词。look after动词短语，照顾，require doing sth是固定搭配，需要被做某事，助动词的形式表达被动的含义，主语是物，look的ing形式是looking，故答案为looking。 9． Miss Wang required all the students 　 　(keep) silent. 【答案】to keep 【解析】【分析】句意：王老师要求所有的学生保持安静。keep silent动词短语，保持安静，require sb to do sth是固定搭配，要求某人做某事，这里要用不定式，故答案为to keep。 10． Clark offered 　 　(drive) us to the airport, but we preferred to take the underground. 【答案】to drive 【解析】【分析】句意：克拉克提出开车送我们去机场，但我们更喜欢坐地铁。drive开车，动词。根据固定搭配offer to do sth."主动提出做某事"，可知应填动词不定式to drive。故答案为：to drive。 11． Ron is too young　 　(go) to school. 【答案】to go 【解析】【分析】句意：罗恩太小，不能上学。go去，动词。根据固定搭配too+形容词+to do sth."太……以至于不能做某事"，可知应填动词不定式to go。故答案为：to go。 12． When 　 　(wait) for the bus, he always listens to music. 【答案】waiting 【解析】【分析】句意：等公共汽车的时候，他总是听音乐。非谓语动词wait作状语，与句子主语he构成主动、进行的关系，应使用V-ing形式，表示"等公交车与听音乐同时进行"。故填waiting。 13． It is no use 　 　(wait) here without calling him in advance. 【答案】waiting 【解析】【分析】句意：在这儿等着而不事先打电话给他是没有用的。It is no use doing sth是固定句型，意"做某事是没有用处的"，句中doing sth作真实主语，it作形式主语。故填waiting。 14． You should take off your shoes before 　 　 (enter) the room. 【答案】entering 【解析】【分析】句意：在进入房间之前，你应该脱鞋。enter是动词，进入，before是介词，后面跟动名词，enter的动名词形式是entering，故答案为entering。 15． My brother asked me 　 　(give) him some advice on how to learn English well. 【答案】to give 【解析】【分析】句意： 我哥哥要求我给他一些关于如何学好英语的建议。 give，给，动词。此处表示"要求某人做某事"，ask sb to do sth，固定搭配，故空处应用动词不定式。故填to give。 16． It's a waste of time 　 　(tell) him the problem. 【答案】telling 【解析】【分析】句意：告诉他这个问题是浪费时间。tell告诉，动词，固定短语It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。用动名词作主语，it作形式主语。故填telling。 17． I'm sorry 　 　(tell) you that the work was not done well. 【答案】to tell 【解析】【分析】句意：很抱歉，我告诉你这项工作做得不好。tell告诉，动词。固定搭配be sorry to do sth抱歉做某事，不定式作原因状语，tell的不定式为to tell，故填to tell。 18． The workers have already learned how 　 　(control) the machine. 【答案】to control 【解析】【分析】句意：工人们已经学会了如何控制机器。control控制，动词；及物动词learn学会，后接疑问词+不定式作宾语，故填to control。 19． Teenagers need do some physical activities, like 　 　(run) and playing football. 【答案】running 【解析】【分析】句意：青少年需要做一些体育活动，比如跑步和踢足球。run，跑，动词，句子的谓语动词need，like是介词，例如，后接动名词作宾语，run的动名词为running，故填running。 20． Tina has to stay at home 　 　(look) after her little sister. 【答案】to look 【解析】【分析】句意： 蒂娜不得不待在家里照顾她的小妹妹。 look after，照顾，动词短语。空处为非谓语且在句中做状语，此处表示：为了照顾妹妹，即表示目的，故空处应用动词不定式做目的状语。故填to look。 21． My brother refused 　 　(move) the heavy box. 【答案】to move 【解析】【分析】句意：我哥哥拒绝搬动那只重箱子。move，搬动，动词。根据refuse to do sth，拒绝做某事，可知空格所填词为to move。故填to move。 【点评】考查动词不定式。注意识记短语refuse to do sth。 22． I intended Roy 　 　(complete) the hard task with me. 【答案】to complete 【解析】【分析】句意：我想让罗伊和我一起完成这项艰巨的任务。complete，完成，动词。根据intend sb. to do sth,打算让某人做某事，所以空格上所填词为to complete。故填to complete。 23． After thinking for a while, we chose 　 　(eat) in this restaurant. 【答案】to eat 【解析】【分析】句意： 思考了一会儿之后，我们决定在这家餐厅吃饭。 eat ，吃，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中做宾语，分析语境可知，此处表示"选择做某事"，choose to do sth，固定搭配，符合语境，故空处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to eat。 24． The doctor warned the patient 　 　(stop) smoking again. 【答案】to stop 【解析】【分析】句意：医生告诫患者不要再吸烟了。stop，动词，停止；warn，动词，警告，固定搭配warn sb. to do，告诫某人做某事，故填to stop。 25． My parents offered 　 　(buy) me a mobile phone last night. 【答案】to buy 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天晚上我们父母主动给我买了一部手机。buy，动词，买；offer，动词，提供，固定搭配offer to do，主动做某事，故填to buy。 26． Lily spends plenty of time 　 　(enjoy) Western music every day. 【答案】enjoying 【解析】【分析】句意：莉莉每天花费大量时间欣赏西方音乐。enjoy，动词，欣赏；spend，动词，花费，固定搭配spend time doing，花费时间做某事，因此本空要用动名词，故填enjoying。 27． All of the students volunteered 　 　 (paint) the house. 【答案】to paint 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的学生都自愿粉刷房子。paint，动词，粉刷；volunteer，动词，自愿，固定搭配volunteer to do，自愿做某事，故填to paint。 28． Bill's parents should allow him 　 　(make) his decisions because he is not a child any more. 【答案】to make 【解析】【分析】句意：比尔的父母应该允许他自己做决定，因为他已经不再是孩子了。make制作，动词。allow sb. to do sth."表示"允许某人做某事"，固定短语。所以此处应填动词不定式。故填to make。 29． The Central Park is free 　 　(visit) at weekends. 【答案】to visit 【解析】【分析】句意：周末，中央公园是免费开放的。visit参观，动词。be free to do sth.表示"免费做某事"，固定短语。所以此处应填动词不定式，故填to visit。 30． Lucy plans 　 　(have) a vacation in Bali with her parents. 【答案】to have 【解析】【分析】句意：露西计划和她的父母一起去巴黎度假。have是动词，进行。plan to do sth是固定搭配，计划做某事，故答案为to have。 31． No 　 　(shout), please. Your baby sister is sleeping. 【答案】shouting 【解析】【分析】句意：请不要大声喊，你的小妹妹正在睡觉。shout是动词，喊叫，No+动名词是祈使句的否定句形式，不要做某事，shout的动名词形式是shouting，故答案为shouting。 32． It's no good 　 　(talk) to him, because he never listens. 【答案】talking 【解析】【分析】句意：和他说话没有好处，因为他从来不听。It's no good doing sth是固定句型，做某事没有好处，talk是动词，说，动名词形式是talking，故答案为talking。 33． It's hard to get the answer without 　 　(think) it over. 【答案】thinking 【解析】【分析】句意：不仔细考虑一下就很难得到答案。think思考，动词。without没有，介词，后接动名词形式。think的动名词形式为thinking，故填thinking。 34． Do you have the chance 　 　(use) English at your work? 【答案】to use 【解析】【分析】句意：你在工作中有机会使用英语吗？use使用，动词。分析句子结构可知，此句中应用"to use"动词不定式作定语，修饰名词chance，表示"使用英语的机会"。故填to use。 35． My father promised 　 　(buy) me a new schoolbag yesterday. 【答案】to buy 【解析】【分析】句意： 我爸爸昨天答应给我买一个新书包。 buy买，动词，promise to do sth承诺做某事，固定搭配，此处需要动词不定式作宾语，故填to buy。 36． It is boring 　 　(listen) to the same song again and again. 【答案】to listen 【解析】【分析】句意： 反复听同一首歌是很无聊的。 listen to听，动词，此处是固定搭配it is+adj+to do sth做某事怎么样，此处it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式是真正主语，故填to listen。 37． Don't worry. I promise　 　(do) just as you say. 【答案】to do 【解析】【分析】句意： 别担心。我答应照你说的去做。 do做，动词，promise to do sth承诺做某事，固定搭配，此处需要动词不定式作宾语，故填to do。 38． My father always encourages me 　 　(play) sports after school. 【答案】to play 【解析】【分析】句意：我爸爸总是鼓励我放学后做运动。play做（运动），动词。根据固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth."鼓励某人做某事"，可知应填动词不定式to play。故答案为：to play。 39． Our English teacher always encourages us 　 　(speak) English in class. 【答案】to speak 【解析】【分析】句意：我们的英语老师总是鼓励我们在课堂上说英语。speak说，动词。根据固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth."鼓励某人做某事"，可知应填动词不定式to speak。故答案为：to speak。 40． My parents are considering 　 　 (buy)a big house. 【答案】buying 【解析】【分析】句意：我父母正考虑让我买一栋大房子。buy是动词，买，consider doing sth，固定搭配，考虑做某事，故用动名词，故填buying。 41． —How can we go to the theatre, Bruce? —It's a long way to go. We'd better take the underground instead of 　 　(walk) there. 【答案】walking 【解析】【分析】句意：——我们怎么去剧院，布鲁斯？——还有很长的路要走。我们最好乘地铁而不是步行去那里。walk，步行，动词。结合语句We'd better take the underground instead of……there. 可知，instead of的后面要用动名词形式，故答案为walking。 42． You can go out to play after you finish 　 　(do) your homework. 【答案】doing 【解析】【分析】句意：你完成你的作业后，你可以出去玩。do，做，动词。结合语句You can go out to play after you finish……your homework. 可知，在这个句子中，"finish"后面应该接动名词，也就是"doing"，表示"完成做某事"。故答案为C。 43． After 　 　(make) the decision, Tim left the village silently. 【答案】making 【解析】【分析】句意：Tim在做出决定后默默地离开了村庄。make制作，实义动词。after是介词，所以后面用动词ing，make的动词ing是making，故填making。 44． The mother was happy 　 　(meet) her daughter at the airport. 【答案】to meet 【解析】【分析】句意：这位母亲很高兴在机场迎接女儿。meet遇见，实义动词。be happy to do sth.做某事是怎样的，固定搭配，所以用to meet，故填to meet。 45． My father is busy 　 　(work) now. He has no time to play with me. 【答案】working 【解析】【分析】句意：我爸爸现在忙于工作。他没有时间和我玩。work工作，实义动词。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事，固定搭配，所以用动名词working，故填working。 46． Peter learnt 　 　(play) the violin when he was five years old. 【答案】to play 【解析】【分析】句意： 彼得五岁时就学会拉小提琴了。 play the violin拉小提琴，固定搭配，learn to do sth学会做某事，固定搭配，此处需要动词不定式作宾语，故填to play。 47． Mr White advised me 　 　(speak) English as much as possible. 【答案】to speak 【解析】【分析】句意： 怀特先生建议我尽可能多地说英语。 speak说，动词，advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，固定搭配，此处需要动词不定式做宾补，故填to speak。 48． Dad was about 　 　(leave) home when it began to rain outside. 【答案】to leave 【解析】【分析】句意： 爸爸正要离开家，这时外面开始下雨了。 leave离开，动词，be about to do sth正要做某事，固定搭配，故填to leave。 49． Seeing the teacher come in, Betty managed 　 　(stop) talking with her classmates immediately. 【答案】to stop 【解析】【分析】句意：看到老师进来，贝蒂立刻Betty停止了和同学们的谈话。stop"停止"，动词，结合固定短语manage to do固定短语，"设法做......."，不定式作宾语，故填to stop。 50． The man looked so tired, but he continued 　 　(do) his work. 【答案】doing/ to do 【解析】【分析】句意：那人看起来很累，但他继续做他的工作。do"做"，动词，结合空前的continue，其常见短语continue doing/to do"继续做......"，可知可用do的动名词或者不定式作宾语，故填doing/ to do。 51． John's mother has warned him to give up 　 　(eat) fast food. 【答案】eating 【解析】【分析】句意：约翰的妈妈警告他不要吃快餐。eat"吃"，动词，结合固定短语give up doing sth."放弃做某事"，可知应用动名词作宾语。故填eating。 52． I will never give up　 　(do) sports because I want to keep healthy. 【答案】doing 【解析】【分析】句意：我永远不会放弃运动，因为我想保持健康。do"做"，动词，结合固定短语give up doing sth."放弃做某事"，此处动名词作宾语。故填doing。 53． The students stopped 　 　(talk) as soon as the teacher came into the classroom. 【答案】talking 【解析】【分析】句意：老师一走进教室，学生们就停止了讲话。talk"交谈"，动词，结合固定短语stop doing固定短语，"停止做（同一件事）"，此处动名词作宾语，故填talking。 54． Jack's parents often tell him 　 　(finish) his homework on time. 【答案】to finish 【解析】【分析】句意：Jack的父母经常告诉他要按时完成作业。finish"完成"，动词，结合固定短语tell sb. to do"告诉某人做......"，此处应用不定式作宾补，故填to finish。 55．The teachers always warn us 　 　(not swim) in the river alone. It's too dangerous. 【答案】not to swim 【解析】【分析】句意：老师们总是警告我们不要独自在河里游泳。这太危险了。swim"游泳"，动词，结合固定短语warn sb. (not) to do sth."警告某人（不）要做某事"。本句中warn us 后面需要接带 to 的不定式短语作宾语补足语，表示警告的具体内容。故填not to swim。 56．If other students have trouble 　 　(learn) a subject that you're good at, you can help them. 【答案】learning 【解析】【分析】句意：如果其他学生在学习你擅长的科目上有困难，你可以帮助他们。learn"学，学习"，动词，结合固定短语have trouble (in) doing sth."做某事有困难"，故填learning。 57． It's no use　 　 him advice. He won't listen to you.( give). 【答案】giving 【解析】【分析】句意：给他建议没有用。他不会听你的。give给，动词，it' s no use doing sth做某事没有用，固定搭配，此处需要动名词，故填giving。 58． He used　 　（listen）to pop music but now he likes rock music. 【答案】to listen 【解析】【分析】句意：他以前听流行音乐，但现在喜欢摇滚乐。listen听，动词。根据固定搭配used to do sth."过去常常做某事"，可知应填动词不定式to listen。故答案为to listen。 59． You won't have any problem　 　（get）help from others in our hometown. 【答案】getting 【解析】【分析】句意： 从我们家乡的其他人那里得到帮助，你不会有任何困难的。get获得，动词。根据固定搭配have problem doing sth."做某事有困难"，可知应填动名词形式getting。故答案为getting。 60． He now treats everyone with kindness and warmth, 　 　（spread）love and joy everywhere he goes. 【答案】spreading 【解析】【分析】句意：他现在以善良和温暖的态度对待每一个人，无论走到哪里都传播着爱和快乐。spread传播，动词。横线处动词位于逗号之后且无连词，因此需要填入非谓语动词形式。这里用现在分词 spreading作状语, 表伴随。故答案为spreading。 61．Squirrels always like saving some food before winter comes. But they forget where 　 　(find) it from time to time. 【答案】to find 【解析】【分析】句意：松鼠总是喜欢在冬天来临之前保存一些食物。但是它们时而忘记了在哪里可以找到它。where+动词不定式结构，是where引导的宾语从句的简略形式，做forget的宾语，故答案为to find。 62． If you stick to 　 　 something every day, you could write a novel of your own one day. (write) 【答案】writing 【解析】【分析】 句意：如果你坚持每天写点东西，总有一天你会写一本自己的小说。write写，动词，固定搭配stick to doing sth坚持做某事，用动名词作宾语，write的动名词writing，故填writing。 63．The book gives you a better 　 　 (understand) of Chinese food. 【答案】understanding 【解析】【分析】句意：这本书给你对于中国食物的更好的理解。understand是动词，理解，better是更好的，后面跟名词，understanding是名词，理解，故答案为understanding。 64． What about 　 　 (connect) your job with your interest? 【答案】connecting 【解析】【分析】句意：将你的工作与兴趣联系起来怎么样？what about，……怎么样，about是介词，后接名词、代词宾格或动名词做宾语，connect，动词，联系、连接，故填connecting。 65． Many students have trouble 　 with their parents. However, with a little hard work, they can learn to solve this problem. (communicate) 【答案】communicating 【解析】【分析】句意：许多学生与父母沟通困难。communicate，交流，沟通，行为动词。固定句型have trouble doing sth，做某事有困难/麻烦，所以空格处动词要用ing形式。communicate的ing形式是communicating。故填communicating。 66． The children did a lot of research in the lab 　 　 (finish) the science project. 【答案】to finish 【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们在实验室里做了很多研究来完成科学项目。finish完成，动词，做很多研究是为了完成科学项目，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to finish。 67．After many years' practice, he is really good at 　 　 (write) now. 【答案】writing 【解析】【分析】句意：经过多年的练习，他现在写得很好。 write，写，动词。空处在句中作介词at的宾语，故空处应用动名词，此处为固定短语be good at doing sth，"擅长做某事"，符合语境。故填writing。 68． I enjoy 　 　 (listen) to music in my spare time. 【答案】listening 【解析】【分析】句意：我喜欢在空闲时间听音乐。listen，是动词，听，enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，固定搭配，故用动名词，故填listening。 69． Bill works hard and looks forward to 　 　 into a good university.（get） 【答案】getting 【解析】【分析】句意：比尔学习努力，希望能进一所好大学。根据句子结构和语境分析可知，空处做介词to的宾语，故空处应用动词get的动名词形式做宾语，即：getting，此处构成固定短语look forward to doing sth"期待做某事"，符合语境。故填getting。 70． We always talk a lot about our dreams, but when it's time 　 　(realize)them, we find excuses for why we stop trying. 【答案】to realize 【解析】【分析】句意：我们总是谈论我们的梦想，但当实现它们的时候到了，我们会找借口来解释为什么我们停止尝试。realize，动词，实现，该做某事了，固定搭配，故用不定式，故填to realize。 71． It's difficult for us　 　 (fill) the man-made lake with water. 【答案】to fill 【解析】【分析】句意：我们很难把人造湖注满水。fill，动词，填满， It's difficult for sb to do，对某人来说做某事很难。不定式是真正的主语。It是形式主语，故填to fill。 72． The Greens moved to a big city and soon they got used to　 　(live) there. 【答案】living 【解析】【分析】句意：格林一家搬到了一个大城市，很快就习惯了在那里生活。live，动词，居住，get used to doing，习惯做某事，故用动名词，故填living。 73． The police officer opened the bag, only to find the　 　(steal) watch lying in it silently. 【答案】stolen 【解析】【分析】句意：警察打开包，发现偷来的手表静静地躺在里面。steal，动词，偷，watch是名词，其前用形容词做定语，和steal是被动关系，故用过去分词做定语，stolen是过去分词形式，故填stolen。 74． Jason regretted 　 　(shout) back to his sister and then he called her to say sorry. 【答案】shouting 【解析】【分析】句意：杰森后悔冲他的妹妹大喊大叫，然后他给她打电话道歉。forget to do，忘记做某事，还没有发生，forget doing，忘记曾经做过某事shout，动词，喊，根据 he called her to say sorry，可知是Jason后悔对妹妹喊，故用动名词，故填shouting。 75． You're expected　 　(shake) hands when you meet people for the first time. 【答案】to shake 【解析】【分析】句意：当你第一次与人见面时，你应该握手。shake，动词，摇动，expect to do，期待做某事，故用不定式形式，故填to shake。 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$