内容正文:
专题06 动词的时态和语态
考点
课标要求
命题预测
时态辨析
· 掌握几种时态的区别,在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力
动词的时态是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:一般现在时(高频)、一般过去时 (高频)、现在完成时(高频)、一般将来时、过去进行时。主要在完型填空、和语法填空;写作运用中考查。
不同时态的被动语态
· 掌握不同时态的被动语态的基本知识
被动语态的考点常以完形填空、语法填空的形式进行考查,考查的命题点有:不同时态被动语态辨析、被动语态的用法、主动形式表被动意义等。
被动语态的用法
· 掌握被动语态的不同用法
主动形式表示被动含义
· 掌握中考考点中主动形式表示被动含义的动词
被动语态易混易错点
· 掌握被动语态的易错点
1.(2024 湖南长沙卷)Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It ___1___ (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
2.(2024 湖南长沙卷)Peonies (牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone’s day. Red peonies ___2___ (give) to people to show love and care.
3.(2024 湖南省卷)I loved it so much and I 3. (go) to college to learn more .
4.(2023 湖南衡阳卷)But we didn’t know what we should do with the old one. Then I __4___ (see) an advertisement (广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them.
5.(2023 湖南怀化卷)Many people often leave their hometowns to work in the cities. Zhang Bin, __a__ 46-year- old man from Huaihua, is one such person. He ___5___ (work) in a shoe factory in Wenzhou.
6.(2023 湖南怀化卷)Zhang Bin thinks the changes ___6___ (be) great in his hometown. He is very happy about the new school in his village.
7.(2023 湖南郴州卷)A student ____7____ (stand)up and replied, “Sir, to stop the car.” Another one said, “To reduce and control the speed of the car.”
8.(2023 湖南永州卷)Last week my sister _____8____ (fail) her cooking exam because she burnt something.
9.(2023 湖南永州卷)A journey of a thousand li ____9____(begin)with a single step.
10.(2023 湖南永州卷)My parents and I ____10_____(visit)Yangmingshan Mountain this winter.
11.(2023 湖南岳阳卷)Some teenagers ____11____ their free time in hospitals or old people’s homes.
12.(2023 湖南长沙卷). A recent study shows that letter writing ____12____ (make) the writer happy, too.
13.(2023 湖南常德卷)—Look! What are the boys doing?
—They ____13____ (play) basketball.
14.(2023 湖南常德卷)—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place?
—Yes, it ____14____ (write) by Aron Ralston.
15.(2023 湖南常德卷)he found the moon in it. “Oh, my god! The beautiful moon ____15____ (drop) into the well!” He quickly put his bucket (水桶) into the well to fish for the moon.
核心考向一 动词的时态
考法总结
动词的时态表示谓语动词的动作或状态发生的时间和方式。英语中共有四种不同的时间(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)和四种不同的方式(一般、进行、完成、完成进行),任意一种时间和方式相组合就构成一种时态。英语中共有十六种动词的时态,考生只需掌握其中的6种动词的时态,即一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时。具体见下面表格:
1.一般现在时、一般过去时与一般将来时
时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
用法
①表示事物或人物的特征、状态
②表示经常性、习惯性的动作
③表示客观事实、普遍真理
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态
标志词
always, usually, often, never, sometimes, every day等
yesterday, last night, two days ago, just now, in 2010, the other day等
tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future, in an hour等
谓语
形式
①be 动词的三种形式(am, is, are)
②动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式
①be 动词的过去式(was, were)
②动词的过去式
①will+动词原形
②be going to+动词原形
动词
变形
规则
动词变第三人称单数规则:
①一般情况下,直接在动词原形后加-s:see→sees
②以-s, -x, -ch,
-sh, -o结尾的动词,在词尾加-es: watch→watches
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es: study→studies
动词变过去式规则:
①一般情况下,在词尾加-ed: cook→cooked
②以不发音的e 结尾的动词,在词尾加-d: live-lived
③以重读闭音节结尾的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed: plan-planned
④以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的动词,先变y 为 i,再加-ed: carry-carried
△不规则变化
——
例句
She is thin.
Tom goes to work every day.
They usually draw after class.
He was a student in 2010.
Jack played tennis last night.
We are going to have a wonderful school trip next week.
2. 现在进行时和过去进行时
时态
现在进行时
过去进行时
用法
表示现在、目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情
表示在过去某一时刻、某一段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作
标志词
(句)
now, at the moment, look, listen, at present, these days, when/while引导的时间状语从句
at that time, at this time yesterday, at ten last night,at the time of the rainstorm,when/while引导的时间状语从句
谓语
形式
am/is/are +现在分词
was/were +现在分词
动词
变形
规则
动词变现在分词规则:
①直接在词尾加-ing: cook→cooking,play→playing
②以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词,先去e,再加-ing: dance→dancing, hike→hiking
注意:若e发音,则不能去掉,如: see→seeing
③以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing: begin→beginning, cut→cutting, swim→swimming
易错单词:visit→visiting, listen→listening
④个别以-ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing: die→dying, lie→lying
例句
I am working now.
She is doing her homework at the moment.
I was working at that time.
She was doing her homework at ten last night.
3. 现在完成时
时态
现在完成时
用法
强调过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果,不强调动作发生的具体时间;也表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,而且还有可能持续下去
标志词
(句)
already, just, yet, ever, before, so far, up to now, until now, in the past ten years, “for+时间段”, “since+过去时间点/从句”等
谓语形式
have/has+过去分词
动词变形规则
动词变过去分词的规则同变动词过去式的规则
例句
I have finished my homework.
I’ve been at this school for over two years.
【拓展】延续性动词与非延续性动词
非延续性动词
延续性动词
非延续性动词
延续性动词
become
be
buy
have
leave
be away
borrow(听力常考)
keep(听力常考)
begin/start
be on
finish
be over
marry
be married
join
be in
fall ill
be ill
die
be dead
现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词,非延续性动词不可与一段时间连用。如:
我离开北京已经五年了。
误: I’ve left Beijing for five years.
正: I’ve been away from Beijing for five years.
核心考向二 动词的语态
考法总结
初中阶段要求掌握的被动语态分为三类:一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态与一般将来时的被动语态。
1.被动语态的含义
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,动作的执行者由介词by引出,by意为“被,由”。
2.使用被动语态的情况
(1)当不知道动作的执行者或没有必要说明动作的执行者时。如:
Three people were injured. 三人受伤。
(2)当需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如:
Your work must be finished today. 你们的工作必须今天完成。
(3)用于“It’s said/believed/reported+that...”结构中,意为“据说/据信/据报道……”。如:
It’s believed that there is life in outer space. 人们相信外太空有生命。
(4)动作的发出者不是指人。如:
Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房子被洪水冲走了。
(5)有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态中。如:
He was born in this city. 他在这个城市出生。
3.主动语态变被动语态的方法(【口诀】:宾变主、主变宾、谓语动词用被动。)
(1)“主语+谓语+宾语”结构
(2)“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构(变被动语态时,原先的间接宾语前用相应的介词to或for)
(3)“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
【注意】要变被动语态时,省略“to”的动词不定式(使役动词make和see, watch, hear, feel等感官动词)要加“to”。如:
I saw you come into the classroom. → You were seen to come into the classroom.
4.被动语态的构成
基本构成:be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的被动语态有:
类别
构成
一般现在时
am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时
was/were+过去分词
一般将来时
will/shall/be going to+be+过去分词
情态动词
情态动词+be+过去分词
5.主动形式表被动意义的情况
(1)begin, clean, close, cut, lock, open, read, sell, start, wash, write等作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表被动意义。如:
①The pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好用。
②The schoolbag washes easily. 这款书包很容易清洗。
③The store closes at nine. 商店九点关门。
(2)look, sound, taste, smell, feel等感官动词用主动形式表被动意义。如:
①The new building looks nice. 这栋新楼看起来很棒。
②The idea sounds good. 这个主意听起来不错。
③I love the air after it rains. It smells so fresh. 我喜欢雨后的空气。它闻起来很清新。
(3)be worth doing意为“值得做……”,表被动意义。如:
My hometown is worth visiting. 我的家乡很值得参观。
(4)sth. needs/requires(都表示“需要”)+doing,相当于sth. needs/requires+ to be done。如:
The car is too dirty. It needs washing/to be washed. 这辆小汽车太脏了。它需要冲洗了。
1. Guilin is (know) for its beautiful rivers and mountains.
2. We don't know when our school (found).
3. The students were really happy when the work (finish).
4. If Tom has time, he (paint) the house.
5. I will tell him the good news as soon as he (come) back.
6. Look! Mr Li (show) a visitor around our school.
7. Mr White (teach) us English for three years.
8. Don't make any noise while you (eat). It is not polite.
9. My mother (be) a good example for me since I was young.
10. I (work) on the computer when Frank called me last night.
11. Mr Green, a famous writer, (visit) our school next week.
12. Uncle Wang's company is bigger all the time. (grow)
13. Jack (work) in this company since he (finish ) school in 2008.
14. I'll write to you as soon as I (get) to New York.
15. The bicycle used to belong to Tom, but now his sister (own) it.
16. Tim kept silent when he was (ask) the reason why he was late for school.
17. Jennie (take) out her English book as soon as she sat down.
18. Jack will go home as soon as he (finish) his work.
19. Wine(葡萄酒) is (make) from grapes.
20. Do you know the man that (talk) with Mr Li over there?
21. English is the language that (speak) by millions of people.
22. I like the pictures that (be) painted in the traditional Chinese style.
23. The photo that we liked most (take) by my father.
24. —Is the girl who (interview) our manager your friend?
—Yes. She is a reporter from CCTV.
25. —Your dress is so beautiful. Could you please tell me where you (buy) it?
—In Zhongshan Market.
26. Don't worry. I think Bob is a smart dog. I'm sure he (come) back soon.
27. Bruce said his school (have) a sports meeting next week.
28. The water is polluted terribly, and it (hurt) many people's health.
29. The lovely dog (find) lying on the floor when Mr Jackson got home.
30. Lisa (see) to play tennis in the park just now.
31. The boy was old enough to look after himself well. So there was nothing (worry) about.
32. The meeting (hold) in the community centre next Friday.
33. The bridge in my home town will (complete) next year.
34. Miss Brown has gone to Shanghai on business and she (come) back in three days.
35. There a number of books in the school library and the number of them increasing. (be)
36. Let's look at these photos that I (take) last month.
37. The Internet has greatly improved our lives since it (invent).
38. Henry will give us a report as soon as he (arrive).
39. Don't worry! I'm sure your broken radio can (fix) by Mike.
40. Don't every new word in the dictionary. (look)
41. The young man (train) to be a professional player last year.
42.The little boy (break) the glass into pieces just now.
43. Look! The students (answer) the questions carefully.
44. Each of my friends (ride)a bike to school every day.
45. Am I (suppose) to clean all the rooms or just this one?
46. Many trees and flowers (grow) in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden.
47. Tom has caught a bad cold. He must (take) good care of.
48. As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese (teach) in more countries in the future.
49. Adam's father (send) to work in Hong Kong one month later.
50. The next Olympic Games (watch) by millions of people.
51. It (say) that China has the largest number of mobile phone users.
52. Now college students (encourage) to start their own business. It is really good for them.
53.If anybody (have) good ideas, please send us an email.
54. If Miss White finishes work early, she (go) home.
55. I think the environment (get) worse if the government doesn't take any action.
56. After hearing what her mother said, Mary (hang) her head in shame and didn't say anything.
57. I (begin) reading this book last month, but I still haven't finished it.
58. They think the plan is perfect. But I with them. I find a serious mistake.( agree)
59. To improve your writing skills, you'd better ( develop) a habit of reading.
60. He told me that my mother ( wait) for me outside at that moment.
61.Dan and Lingling (reach) the island by boat yesterday afternoon.
62.Jane (water) the flowers in the garden at this time yesterday.
63.Mr Wang is our maths teacher and he (go) home once a month.
64.It is reported that Taizhou Sports Park (complete) next year.
65. You (show) around our school tomorrow afternoon. Now, please have a good rest.
66. We are told that a new car factory (build) here next year.
67. The pictures (put) up on the school website next week.
68. She (study) English in the school since she left her hometown.
69.If you (feel) tired, you (have) to have a rest.
70.It (serve) you right! I told you to take an umbrella.
71.The man in black (steal) some money from the shop last night.
72.He (lie) on his back and looked up at the sky.
73. In my opinion, good friends should (share) happiness or sadness with each other.
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专题06 动词的时态和语态
考点
课标要求
命题预测
时态辨析
· 掌握几种时态的区别,在复杂语境中辨别时态的能力
动词的时态是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度:一般现在时(高频)、一般过去时 (高频)、现在完成时(高频)、一般将来时、过去进行时。主要在完型填空、和语法填空;写作运用中考查。
不同时态的被动语态
· 掌握不同时态的被动语态的基本知识
被动语态的考点常以完形填空、语法填空的形式进行考查,考查的命题点有:不同时态被动语态辨析、被动语态的用法、主动形式表被动意义等。
被动语态的用法
· 掌握被动语态的不同用法
主动形式表示被动含义
· 掌握中考考点中主动形式表示被动含义的动词
被动语态易混易错点
· 掌握被动语态的易错点
1.(2024 湖南长沙卷)Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It ___1___ (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案】marks
【详解】句意:它标志着冬天的结束和春天的开始。时态是一般现在时,主语是It,动词用三单,故填marks。
2.(2024 湖南长沙卷)Peonies (牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone’s day. Red peonies ___2___ (give) to people to show love and care.
【答案】are given
【详解】句意:红色的牡丹是用来表示爱和关心的。本句主语是动作的承受者,时态是一般现在时,所以用一般现在时的被动语态be done,主语是复数,be动词用are,故填are given。
3.(2024 湖南省卷)I loved it so much and I 3. (go) to college to learn more .
【答案】 went
【详解】句意: 考察动词过去时。句意:我非常喜欢它,我去大学学习更多。根据空前loved使用了动词过去式,可知句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词使用过去式。go去,动词。过去式为went。故填went。
4.(2023 湖南衡阳卷)But we didn’t know what we should do with the old one. Then I __4___ (see) an advertisement (广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them.
【答案】 saw
【详解】考察动词过去时。句意:然后我看到了一则Tech-Help的广告。see“看见”,动词。根据前句可知句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填saw。
5.(2023 湖南怀化卷)Many people often leave their hometowns to work in the cities. Zhang Bin, __a__ 46-year- old man from Huaihua, is one such person. He ___5___ (work) in a shoe factory in Wenzhou.
【答案】 works
【详解】考察一般现在时。句意:他在温州的一家鞋厂工作。此句是一般现在时,主语He是第三人称单数形式,动词用三单,故填works。
6.(2023 湖南怀化卷)Zhang Bin thinks the changes ___6___ (be) great in his hometown. He is very happy about the new school in his village.
【答案】 are
【详解】考察一般现在时。句意:张斌认为家乡的变化很大。此句是一般现在时,主语changes是复数形式,be动词用are,故填are。
7.(2023 湖南郴州卷)A student ____7____ (stand)up and replied, “Sir, to stop the car.” Another one said, “To reduce and control the speed of the car.”
【答案】 stood
【详解】句意:一个学生站起来回答说:“先生,停车。”根据“student...up and replied”可知,站起来回答问题,stand up“起立”,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填stood。
8.(2023 湖南永州卷)Last week my sister _____8____ (fail) her cooking exam because she burnt something.
【答案】 failed
【详解】句意:上周我妹妹烹饪考试不及格,因为她把东西烧焦了。根据"Last week"可知本句是一般过去时,动词需用过去式。故填failed。
9.(2023 湖南永州卷)A journey of a thousand li ____9____(begin)with a single step.
【答案】 begins
【详解】句意:千里之行,始于足下。begin“开始”,动词,此处是一个习语,句子用一般现在时,主语A journey是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式。故填begins。
10.(2023 湖南永州卷)My parents and I ____10_____(visit)Yangmingshan Mountain this winter.
【答案】visited
【详解】句意:今年冬天,我和父母参观了阳明山。visit“参观”,是动词,根据“this winter"可知动作已发生,应用一般过去时,故填visited。
11.(2023 湖南岳阳卷)Some teenagers ____11____ their free time in hospitals or old people’s homes.
【答案】spend
【详解】句意:一些青少年在医院或敬老院度过他们的空闲时间。根据“Some teenagers...their free time in hospitals or old people’s homes.”可知,此处指度过他们的空闲时间,spend“度过”,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,动词用原形。故填spend。
12.(2023 湖南长沙卷). A recent study shows that letter writing ____12____ (make) the writer happy, too.
【答案】makes
【详解】句意:最近的一项研究表明,写信也会让写信人感到快乐。本句时态是一般现在时,主语是“letter writing”,动词用三单。故填makes。
13.(2023 湖南常德卷)—Look! What are the boys doing?
—They ____13____ (play) basketball.
【答案】are playing
【详解】句意:——看!男孩们在做什么?——他们在打篮球。根据“Look! What are the boys doing?”可知,强调动作正在发生,用现在进行时,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are playing。
14.(2023 湖南常德卷)—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place?
—Yes, it ____14____ (write) by Aron Ralston.
【答案】was written
【详解】句意:——你知道《生死两难》这本书吗?——知道,它是阿伦·罗斯顿写的。本句主语是动作的承受者,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was written。
15.(2023 湖南常德卷)he found the moon in it. “Oh, my god! The beautiful moon ____15____ (drop) into the well!” He quickly put his bucket (水桶) into the well to fish for the moon.
【答案】has dropped
【详解】句意:美丽的月亮掉到井里了!drop“掉”,动词。分析句子可知,月亮已经掉到井里了,所以他会发现月亮在井里,过去的动作对现在产生了影响,应为现在完成时,主语moon是第三人称单数,故用助动词has。故填has dropped。
核心考向一 动词的时态
考法总结
动词的时态表示谓语动词的动作或状态发生的时间和方式。英语中共有四种不同的时间(现在、过去、将来、过去将来)和四种不同的方式(一般、进行、完成、完成进行),任意一种时间和方式相组合就构成一种时态。英语中共有十六种动词的时态,考生只需掌握其中的6种动词的时态,即一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时。具体见下面表格:
1.一般现在时、一般过去时与一般将来时
时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
用法
①表示事物或人物的特征、状态
②表示经常性、习惯性的动作
③表示客观事实、普遍真理
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态
标志词
always, usually, often, never, sometimes, every day等
yesterday, last night, two days ago, just now, in 2010, the other day等
tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future, in an hour等
谓语
形式
①be 动词的三种形式(am, is, are)
②动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式
①be 动词的过去式(was, were)
②动词的过去式
①will+动词原形
②be going to+动词原形
动词
变形
规则
动词变第三人称单数规则:
①一般情况下,直接在动词原形后加-s:see→sees
②以-s, -x, -ch,
-sh, -o结尾的动词,在词尾加-es: watch→watches
③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es: study→studies
动词变过去式规则:
①一般情况下,在词尾加-ed: cook→cooked
②以不发音的e 结尾的动词,在词尾加-d: live-lived
③以重读闭音节结尾的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed: plan-planned
④以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的动词,先变y 为 i,再加-ed: carry-carried
△不规则变化
——
例句
She is thin.
Tom goes to work every day.
They usually draw after class.
He was a student in 2010.
Jack played tennis last night.
We are going to have a wonderful school trip next week.
2. 现在进行时和过去进行时
时态
现在进行时
过去进行时
用法
表示现在、目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事情
表示在过去某一时刻、某一段时间内或某个动作发生时正在进行的动作
标志词
(句)
now, at the moment, look, listen, at present, these days, when/while引导的时间状语从句
at that time, at this time yesterday, at ten last night,at the time of the rainstorm,when/while引导的时间状语从句
谓语
形式
am/is/are +现在分词
was/were +现在分词
动词
变形
规则
动词变现在分词规则:
①直接在词尾加-ing: cook→cooking,play→playing
②以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词,先去e,再加-ing: dance→dancing, hike→hiking
注意:若e发音,则不能去掉,如: see→seeing
③以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing: begin→beginning, cut→cutting, swim→swimming
易错单词:visit→visiting, listen→listening
④个别以-ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing: die→dying, lie→lying
例句
I am working now.
She is doing her homework at the moment.
I was working at that time.
She was doing her homework at ten last night.
3. 现在完成时
时态
现在完成时
用法
强调过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果,不强调动作发生的具体时间;也表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,而且还有可能持续下去
标志词
(句)
already, just, yet, ever, before, so far, up to now, until now, in the past ten years, “for+时间段”, “since+过去时间点/从句”等
谓语形式
have/has+过去分词
动词变形规则
动词变过去分词的规则同变动词过去式的规则
例句
I have finished my homework.
I’ve been at this school for over two years.
【拓展】延续性动词与非延续性动词
非延续性动词
延续性动词
非延续性动词
延续性动词
become
be
buy
have
leave
be away
borrow(听力常考)
keep(听力常考)
begin/start
be on
finish
be over
marry
be married
join
be in
fall ill
be ill
die
be dead
现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词,非延续性动词不可与一段时间连用。如:
我离开北京已经五年了。
误: I’ve left Beijing for five years.
正: I’ve been away from Beijing for five years.
核心考向二 动词的语态
考法总结
初中阶段要求掌握的被动语态分为三类:一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态与一般将来时的被动语态。
1.被动语态的含义
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,动作的执行者由介词by引出,by意为“被,由”。
2.使用被动语态的情况
(1)当不知道动作的执行者或没有必要说明动作的执行者时。如:
Three people were injured. 三人受伤。
(2)当需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如:
Your work must be finished today. 你们的工作必须今天完成。
(3)用于“It’s said/believed/reported+that...”结构中,意为“据说/据信/据报道……”。如:
It’s believed that there is life in outer space. 人们相信外太空有生命。
(4)动作的发出者不是指人。如:
Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房子被洪水冲走了。
(5)有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态中。如:
He was born in this city. 他在这个城市出生。
3.主动语态变被动语态的方法(【口诀】:宾变主、主变宾、谓语动词用被动。)
(1)“主语+谓语+宾语”结构
(2)“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构(变被动语态时,原先的间接宾语前用相应的介词to或for)
(3)“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
【注意】要变被动语态时,省略“to”的动词不定式(使役动词make和see, watch, hear, feel等感官动词)要加“to”。如:
I saw you come into the classroom. → You were seen to come into the classroom.
4.被动语态的构成
基本构成:be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的被动语态有:
类别
构成
一般现在时
am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时
was/were+过去分词
一般将来时
will/shall/be going to+be+过去分词
情态动词
情态动词+be+过去分词
5.主动形式表被动意义的情况
(1)begin, clean, close, cut, lock, open, read, sell, start, wash, write等作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表被动意义。如:
①The pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好用。
②The schoolbag washes easily. 这款书包很容易清洗。
③The store closes at nine. 商店九点关门。
(2)look, sound, taste, smell, feel等感官动词用主动形式表被动意义。如:
①The new building looks nice. 这栋新楼看起来很棒。
②The idea sounds good. 这个主意听起来不错。
③I love the air after it rains. It smells so fresh. 我喜欢雨后的空气。它闻起来很清新。
(3)be worth doing意为“值得做……”,表被动意义。如:
My hometown is worth visiting. 我的家乡很值得参观。
(4)sth. needs/requires(都表示“需要”)+doing,相当于sth. needs/requires+ to be done。如:
The car is too dirty. It needs washing/to be washed. 这辆小汽车太脏了。它需要冲洗了。
1. Guilin is (know) for its beautiful rivers and mountains.
【答案】known
【解析】【分析】句意:桂林以其美丽的河山而闻名。 know知道,动词。固定短语:be known for,以……闻名, known 是know的过去分词,主语是谓语动词动作的承受者,是被动语态:be+过去分词。故答案为:known。
2. We don't know when our school (found).
【答案】was founded
【解析】【分析】句意:我们不知道我们的学校是什么时候建立的。found建立,动词。根据句意以及分析句子结构可知,此句是过去时态的被动语态,表示学校被建立,学校是以前被建立的,动词形式为was/were done,因此用found的过去分词founded,且从句中的主语our school是单数,所以从句中的be动词用was。故填was found。
3. The students were really happy when the work (finish).
【答案】was finished
【解析】【分析】句意:当工作完成时,学生们非常高兴。finish完成,动词。分析句子结构以及根据were可知,此句是过去时态的被动语态,表示工作被完成,动词形式为was/were done,因此用finish的过去分词finished,且主语the work是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was。故填was finished。
4. If Tom has time, he (paint) the house.
【答案】will paint
【解析】【分析】句意: 如果汤姆有时间,他就会油漆房子。paint油漆,动词,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,时态根据主将从现原则,此处应该用一般将来时,用will do形式,故填will paint。
5. I will tell him the good news as soon as he (come) back.
【答案】comes
【解析】【分析】句意: 他一回来我就告诉他这个好消息。 come back回来,固定搭配,此处是as soon as引导的时间状语从句,时态遵循主将从现原则,此处用一般现在时表示将来的动作,从句主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填comes。
6. Look! Mr Li (show) a visitor around our school.
【答案】is showing
【解析】【分析】句意: 看!李老师正在带领参观者参观我们的学校。show sb around sp带某人参观某地,固定搭配,根据look可知,此处描述正在发生的事情,用现在进行时,此处主语是专有名词,用is doing形式,故填is showing。
7. Mr White (teach) us English for three years.
【答案】has taught
【解析】【分析】句意: 怀特先生教我们英语已经三年了。teach教,动词,for加时间段和现在完成时连用,用have/has done形式,此处主语是专有名词,用has done,teach过去分词是taught,故填has taught。
8. Don't make any noise while you (eat). It is not polite.
【答案】are eating
【解析】【分析】句意:当你正在吃饭的时候不要制造任何噪音。这是不礼貌的。eat,吃,动词。结合语句 Don't make any noise while you…… It is not polite. 可知,while引导的时间状语从句的时态为现在进行时,主语you,系动词要用are,故答案为are eating。
9. My mother (be) a good example for me since I was young.
【答案】has been
【解析】【分析】句意:我的母亲从我小时候起就一直是我的好榜样。be,是,系动词。结合语句My mother ……a good example for me since I was young. 可知,此句要用现在完成时。主语my mother,助动词要用has,故答案为has been。
10. I (work) on the computer when Frank called me last night.
【答案】was working
【解析】【分析】句意:昨晚弗兰克给我打电话时,我正在电脑上工作。work,工作,动词。结合语句 I…… on the computer when Frank called me last night. 可知,此句的时态为过去进行时,主语I,系动词要用was,故答案为was working。
11. Mr Green, a famous writer, (visit) our school next week.
【答案】will visit/ is going to visit
【解析】【分析】句意:Green先生是一位著名的作家,下周将参观我们学校。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语"next week"可知,句子描述的是将来要发生的事情,所以应用一般将来时。一般将来时的结构是"will+动词原形"或者"be going to+动词原形";主语"Mr Green"是第三人称单数,是一般将来时的助动词用"will"或者"is going to",其后接动词原形,故填will visit/ is going to visit。
12. Uncle Wang's company is bigger all the time. (grow)
【答案】growing
【解析】【分析】句意:王叔叔的公司一直在扩大。grow变得,连系动词,后跟形容词作表语,根据空前is和句中all the time可知,此处表示当前一段时间正在发生的事情,用现在进行时is doing形式,故填growing。
13. Jack (work) in this company since he (finish ) school in 2008.
【答案】has worked;finished
【解析】【分析】句意: 杰克2008年毕业后就在这家公司工作。 work工作,动词,finish结束,完成,动词,此处是since引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主语用现在完成时,主句主语是专有名词,用has done形式,故填has worked,finished。
14. I'll write to you as soon as I (get) to New York.
【答案】get
【解析】【分析】句意: 我一到纽约就给你写信。 get to到达,固定搭配,此处是as soon as引导的时间状语从句,时态遵循主将从现原则,此处用一般现在时,此处主语是第一人称单数,谓语动词用原形,故填get。
15. The bicycle used to belong to Tom, but now his sister (own) it.
【答案】owns
【解析】【分析】句意:这辆自行车过去是汤姆的,但现在是他妹妹的了。own,拥有,动词。结合语句The bicycle used to belong to Tom, but now his sister……it.可知空格处缺少谓语动词;根据时间状语"now现在" ,可知空格处应使用一般现在时态的谓语动词,主语his sister是单数第三人称,与谓语动词构成主动语态,所以谓语动词应使用主动语态的单三形式。故填owns。
16. Tim kept silent when he was (ask) the reason why he was late for school.
【答案】asked
【解析】【分析】句意:当蒂姆被问到上学迟到的原因时,他保持沉默。ask,动词,问;根据句意可知when引导的时间状语从句中主语he与动词ask之间是动宾关系,用到被动语态,构成为be done,故填asked。
17. Jennie (take) out her English book as soon as she sat down.
【答案】took
【解析】【分析】句意:珍妮一坐下就拿出了她的英语书。take,动词,拿;as soon as引导的时间状语从句主句用一般过去时,从句用过去某种时态;所给句子从句是一般过去时,主句用一般过去时,take的过去式是took,故填took。
18. Jack will go home as soon as he (finish) his work.
【答案】finishes
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack一完成工作就要回家。finish,动词,完成;as soon as引导的时间状语从句,主句是将来时态,从句用一般现在时态表将来,从句主语he是第三人称单数,谓语用单三,故填finishes。
19. Wine(葡萄酒) is (make) from grapes.
【答案】made
【解析】【分析】句意:葡萄酒由葡萄制成。make,制作,动词。根据题干主语Wine葡萄酒,以及其后grapes葡萄,可知此句想表达"葡萄酒由葡萄制成",固定短语be made from"由......制成",故填made。
20. Do you know the man that (talk) with Mr Li over there?
【答案】is talking
【解析】【分析】句意:你认识在那边和李先生谈话的那个人吗?talk谈话,动词,此处是that引导的定语从句,根据 Do you know the man 可知,此处指正在和李先生谈话,表示正在发生的动作,用现在进行时,先行词是名词单数,用is doing形式,故填is talking。
21. English is the language that (speak) by millions of people.
【答案】is spoken
【解析】【分析】句意: 英语是数百万人说的语言。此处是that引导的定语从句,先行词language是speak的动作承受者,此处描述事实情况,用一般现在时,所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态,主语是名词单数,此处用is done形式,speak过去分词是spoken,故填is spoken。
22. I like the pictures that (be) painted in the traditional Chinese style.
【答案】are
【解析】【分析】句意: 我喜欢那些以中国传统风格绘制的画。 此处是that引导的定语从句,先行词是pictures,和从句中paint是 被动关系,此处描述存在的状态,用一般现在时,所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态,先行词是名词复数,用are done形式,故填are。
23. The photo that we liked most (take) by my father.
【答案】was taken
【解析】【分析】句意:我们最喜欢的照片是我爸爸拍的。take拍照,take photos拍照,固定短语。此处that引导的定语从句,先行词为the photo,单数,与take之间是动宾关系,且从句中谓语动词是liked,主句用一般过去时的被动语态was+ 过去分词,take的过去分词taken,故填was taken。
24. —Is the girl who (interview) our manager your friend?
—Yes. She is a reporter from CCTV.
【答案】is interviewing
【解析】【分析】句意:——正在采访的我们经理的那个女孩是你的朋友吗?——是的。她是中央电视台的记者。interview采访,动词;此处为who引导的定语从句,先行词the girl,根据答语 She is a reporter from CCTV. 可知she指代the girl,主句的谓语动词is,一般现在时,从句表示她正在采访我们的经理,用现在进行时am/is/are+现在分词,who指代the girl,要用is,interview的现在分词interviewing,故填is interviewing。
25. —Your dress is so beautiful. Could you please tell me where you (buy) it?
—In Zhongshan Market.
【答案】bought
【解析】【分析】句意:——你的裙子太漂亮了。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗?——中山市场。buy买,动词;此处为where引导的宾语从句,主句 Could you please tell me....表示请求的句子,一般现在时,遵循主现从任的原则,又根据上文 Your dress is so beautiful. 和where,可知buy表示动作发生过去,用一般过去时,buy的过去式bought,故填bought。
26. Don't worry. I think Bob is a smart dog. I'm sure he (come) back soon.
【答案】will come
【解析】【分析】句意:别担心。我认为鲍勃是一只聪明的狗。我肯定他很快就会回来的。come来,固定短语come back回来。此处为省略that的宾语从句,主句谓语动词am sure,遵循主现从任的原则,且从句中的时间状语soon很快,不久,还没有发生,用一般将来时will+动词原形,故填wil come。
27. Bruce said his school (have) a sports meeting next week.
【答案】would have
【解析】【分析】句意:布鲁斯说他的学校下周有运动会。have进行,have a sports meeting开运动会,固定短语,此处是省略that的宾语从句,主句谓语动词said,一般过去时,遵循主过从过的原则,从句的时间状语next week下周,表示过去将来时would+动词原形,故填would have。
28. The water is polluted terribly, and it (hurt) many people's health.
【答案】hurts
【解析】【分析】句意:水被严重污染了,它伤害了许多人的健康。hurt,伤害,动词,作谓语,根据上句中is polluted,可知要用一般现在时,it,第三人称单数,与hurt是主动关系,用一般现在时的主动语态,谓语动词用第三人称单数hurts,故填hurts。
29. The lovely dog (find) lying on the floor when Mr Jackson got home.
【答案】was found
【解析】【分析】句意:杰克逊先生回家时,发现那只可爱的狗躺在地板上。find发现,及物动词,没有宾语,与主语dog之间是被动关系,由从句的谓语动词got,可知要用一般过去时的被动语态,was/were+过去分词,主语是单身,要用was,find过去分词found,故填was found。
30. Lisa (see) to play tennis in the park just now.
【答案】was seen
【解析】【分析】句意:刚才有人看见丽莎在公园里打网球。see sb do sth,看见某人做某事,被动语态sb be seen to do sth某人被看见做某事。根据空格后to play tennis in the park,可知用被动语态,由just now刚才,用一般过去时的被动语态,was/were+过去分词,Lisa,人名,要用was,see的过去分词seen,故填was seen。
31. The boy was old enough to look after himself well. So there was nothing (worry) about.
【答案】to worry
【解析】【分析】句意:这个男孩已经足够大了,能够很好地照顾自己。所以没有什么可担心的。worry,担心,动词。在这个句子中,我们需要填入一个词或短语来完整表达句子的意思。句子的前半部分告诉我们,这个男孩已经足够大了,能够很好地照顾自己。因此,后半部分应该表达的是,由于男孩能够自理,所以没有让人担心的事情。空格处需要填入的是 "to worry",它与前面的 "nothing" 结合,形成了 "nothing to worry about" 这个短语。这里的 "to worry" 是动词 "worry" 的不定式形式,它在这里作为后置定语来修饰 "nothing"。不定式 "to worry about" 表示没有具体的事情是需要去担心的。故填to worry。
32. The meeting (hold) in the community centre next Friday.
【答案】will be held
【解析】【分析】句意: 会议将于下周五在社区中心举行。 hold ,举行/拿着/包含,动词。空处为句子的谓语,根据句中时间状语" next Friday "可知,空处谓语时态为一般将来时,主语The meeting与动词hold之间为被动关系,故空处谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为:will+be+动词的过去分词,hold的过去分词为held。故填will be held。
33. The bridge in my home town will (complete) next year.
【答案】be completed
【解析】【分析】句意: 我家乡的桥将于明年建成。 complete ,完成,动词。此处" will 1(complete) "为句子的谓语,动词complete与主语The bridge之间为被动关系,故句子谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为:will+be+动词的过去分词,complete的过去分词为completed。故填 be completed 。
34. Miss Brown has gone to Shanghai on business and she (come) back in three days.
【答案】will come
【解析】【分析】句意: 布朗小姐已经去上海出差了,她三天后回来。 come ,来,动词。空处为第二个并列分句的谓语,根据句中时间状语in three days可知,空处谓语时态为一般将来时,结构为will+动词原形。故填will come。
35. There a number of books in the school library and the number of them increasing. (be)
【答案】are;is
【解析】【分析】句意: 学校图书馆里有很多书,而且书的数量还在不断增加。 be,be动词原形。句子所陈述的内容为客观事实,故句子时态为一般现在时,第一空处为第一个并列分句的谓语,根据主谓一致原则,第一空处主语 a number of books为复数,故第一空处谓语应用be动词的复数形式are;第二空处为第二个并列分句的谓语,根据主谓一致原则,第二空处主语the number of them,表示"他们的数量",表示单数意义,故第二空处谓语应用三单式is。故填are;is。
36. Let's look at these photos that I (take) last month.
【答案】took
【解析】【分析】句意:让我们看看上个月拍的这些照片。take,拍摄,动词。根据句子时间状语"last month上个月"可知,此处动作发生在过去,动词应用过去式。take的过去式为took。故答案为:took。
37. The Internet has greatly improved our lives since it (invent).
【答案】was invented
【解析】【分析】句意:自从互联网被发明以来,它极大地改善了我们的生活。invent发明,动词。分析句子结构可知,主语it(the internet)与动词invent是被动关系,表示"被发明"。动词形式为be+done,根据has improved可知,句子时态为现在完成时。since后接一般过去时,结合主语it可知,此处应用is的过去式was,invent的过去分词形式为invented。故填was invented。
38. Henry will give us a report as soon as he (arrive).
【答案】arrives
【解析】【分析】句意:Henry一到达就给我们做了报告。arrive,动词,到达;as soon as,一……就,引导时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来;从句主语he是第三人称单数,谓语用单三,故填arrives。
39. Don't worry! I'm sure your broken radio can (fix) by Mike.
【答案】be fixed
【解析】【分析】句意: 别担心!我相信迈克能修好你的坏收音机。fix修理,动词,此处radio是fix的动作承受者,前面有情态动词,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,用can be done,fix过去分词是fixed,故填be fixed。
40. Don't every new word in the dictionary. (look)
【答案】look up
【解析】【分析】句意:不要在字典里查每一个生词。look看,动词。根据 new word in the dictionary,可知应是在字典里查每一个生词,应用固定搭配look up"查找",助动词后应用动词原形。故答案为:look up。
41. The young man (train) to be a professional player last year.
【答案】was trained
【解析】【分析】句意:这位年轻人去年被训练为职业球员。train训练,动词。根据 to be a professional player 为职业球员,可知应是被训练;再根据时间状语last year"去年",可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+过去分词,主语man为单数,be动词用was,动词train的过去分词为trained。故答案为: was trained 。
42.The little boy (break) the glass into pieces just now.
【答案】broke
【解析】【分析】句意:刚才小男孩把玻璃摔成了碎片。break打碎,动词。根据时间状语just now"刚刚",可知句子时态为一般过去时,谓语应用动词过去式broke。故答案为:broke。
43. Look! The students (answer) the questions carefully.
【答案】are answering
【解析】【分析】句意:看!学生们正在认真地回答问题。answer动词回答,也可做名词,答案;句子缺少谓语,应该是动词,根据 look,可知是此刻正在进行的动作,用现在进行时:be+现在分词,主语是复数,be动词用are,故答案为are answering。
44. Each of my friends (ride)a bike to school every day.
【答案】rides
【解析】【分析】句意:我的每一个朋友每天都骑自行车上学。ride"骑",动词,是谓语动词,根据时间状语every day,可知应用一般现在时,且主语是 Each of my friends ,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填rides。
45. Am I (suppose) to clean all the rooms or just this one?
【答案】supposed
【解析】【分析】句意:我是应该打扫所有的房间还是只打扫这一个? suppose "猜想",动词,此处是固定短语be supposed to do sth."应该做某事",故填 supposed 。
46. Many trees and flowers (grow) in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden.
【答案】were grown
【解析】【分析】句意:去年我们学校种植了很多树和花,它们使我们学校变成了一个美丽的花园。grow种植,动词,主语Many trees and flowers,复数,与grow之间是动宾关系,用被动语态,且last year去年,过去的时间状语,用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词,grow的过去分词grown,故填were grown。
47. Tom has caught a bad cold. He must (take) good care of.
【答案】be taken
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆得了重感冒。他必须被好好照顾。take good care of好好照顾,固定短语,根据上文Tom has caught a bad cold.可知,he指代Tom,他必须被好好照顾,用被动语态,空格前有must,用情态动词的被动语态must be+过去分词,take的过去分词taken,故填be taken 。
48. As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese (teach) in more countries in the future.
【答案】will be taught
【解析】【分析】句意:随着中国越来越强大,汉语会在将来更多的国家教授。teach教,动词,与主语Chinese之间是动宾关系,用被动语态,且in the future将来,用一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词,teach的过去分词taught,故填will be taught。
49. Adam's father (send) to work in Hong Kong one month later.
【答案】will be sent
【解析】【分析】句意:一个月后,亚当的父亲被派到到香港工作。send派遣,send sb to do sth派遣某人做某事,本句是被动语态sb be sent to do sth某人被派遣做某事,由one month later一个月后,可知用一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词,send的过去分词sent,故填 will be sent 。
50. The next Olympic Games (watch) by millions of people.
【答案】will be watched
【解析】【分析】句意:下一届奥运会将有数百万人观看。watch观看,动词,主语 The next Olympic Games与watch之间是被动关系,且将要发生的,用一般将来时的被动语态,will be+过去分词,watch的过去分词watched,故填will be watched。
51. It (say) that China has the largest number of mobile phone users.
【答案】is said
【解析】【分析】句意: 据说中国拥有最多的手机用户。say ,说,动词。这是一个主从复合句,it形式主语,状语从句是真正的主语。固定句型It is said that…据说,主语It是谓语动词say的承受者,用被动语态be+过去分词;It是第三人称单数,be动词用is,say的过去分词是said。故答案为:is said。
52. Now college students (encourage) to start their own business. It is really good for them.
【答案】are encouraged
【解析】【分析】句意: 现在大学生被鼓励创业。这对他们真的很好。 encourage, 鼓励 ,动词。 根据Now,可知句子用一般现在时;主语 college students是谓语动词encourage的承受者,用被动语态:be+过去分词, college students 是复数形式,be动词用are; encourag的过去分词是 encouraged 。故答案为: are encouraged 。
53.If anybody (have) good ideas, please send us an email.
【答案】has
【解析】【分析】句意: 如果有人有好的想法,请给我们发一封电子邮件。 have有,动词;分析句子结构可知,此句if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来,主语anybody表单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。故填has。
54. If Miss White finishes work early, she (go) home.
【答案】will go
【解析】【分析】句意:如果怀特小姐早点结束工作,她就会回家。go,动词,去,go home,回家;此句是If引导的条件状语从句,从句是一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,构成为will do,故填will,go。
55. I think the environment (get) worse if the government doesn't take any action.
【答案】will get
【解析】【分析】句意:我认为如果政府不采取任何行动,环境将会变得更糟。get,动词,变;"the environment……worse if the government doesn't take any action."是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来;一般将来时的构成为will do,故填will get。
56. After hearing what her mother said, Mary (hang) her head in shame and didn't say anything.
【答案】hung
【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽听了妈妈的话,羞愧地垂下头,什么也没说。hang悬垂,实义动词。didn't表明时态是一般过去时,hang的过去式是hung,故填hung。
57. I (begin) reading this book last month, but I still haven't finished it.
【答案】began
【解析】【分析】句意:句意:我上个月开始读这本书,但我还没读完。begin"开始",动词,此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语``last month''可知,此处用一般过去时,begin的过去式是began,故填began。
58. They think the plan is perfect. But I with them. I find a serious mistake.( agree)
【答案】disagree
【解析】【分析】句意:他们认为这个计划很完美。但是我不同意他们的看法。我发现了一个严重的错误。根据They think the plan is perfect. 和I find a serious mistake.可知,此处指不同意他们的看法,agree同意,动词,disagree不同意,动词,disagree with sb不同意某人的看法,固定搭配,根据find可知,此处描述目前的状态,用一般现在时,此处主语是第一人称单数,谓语动词用原形,故填disagree。
59. To improve your writing skills, you'd better ( develop) a habit of reading.
【答案】develop
【解析】【分析】句意:要提高写作技巧,你最好养成阅读的习惯。develop,发展,动词。分析句子结构可知," 'd better 1( develop) "为句子的谓语,空处位于情态动词短语had better 之后,故空处应用动词原形。分析句子语境可知,此处表示"最好做某事",had better do sth,固定搭配。故填develop。
60. He told me that my mother ( wait) for me outside at that moment.
【答案】was waiting
【解析】【分析】句意:他告诉我,我妈妈那时正在外面等我。wait,等待,动词。根据句子结构和语境分析可知,空处为that引导的宾语从句的谓语,根据时间状语"at that moment"可知,动作发生在过去的某一特定时刻,且正在进行,故空处谓语时态应用过去进行时。主语是my mother是第三人称单数,故be动词应用三单式was。故填was waiting。
61.Dan and Lingling (reach) the island by boat yesterday afternoon.
【答案】reached
【解析】【分析】句意:昨天下午丹和玲玲乘船到达了小岛。yesterday afternoon昨天下午,是一般过去时的标志,故答案为reached。
62.Jane (water) the flowers in the garden at this time yesterday.
【答案】was watering
【解析】【分析】句意:昨天这个时候简正在花园里浇花。water,浇水,动词。结合语句at this time yesterday可知此空要用过去进行时,主语Jane,系动词要用was,故答案为was watering。
63.Mr Wang is our maths teacher and he (go) home once a month.
【答案】goes
【解析】【分析】句意:王老师是我们的数学老师,他一月回家一次。go home回家。once a month一月一次,表示动作发生的频率,所以用一般现在时,故答案为goes。
64.It is reported that Taizhou Sports Park (complete) next year.
【答案】will be completed
【解析】【分析】句意:据报道,泰州体育公园将于明年被建成。根据时间状语next year明年,可知本句时态为一般将来时;再根据主语Taizhou Sports Park和动词complete的动宾关系可知,本句应用一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词。动词complete的过去分词为completed。故答案为 will be completed 。
65. You (show) around our school tomorrow afternoon. Now, please have a good rest.
【答案】will be shown
【解析】【分析】句意:明天下午你将被带去参观我们的学校。现在,请好好休息。show around带领参观,固定搭配;根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon可知,此句用一般将来时,主语You和谓语动词短语show around是动宾关系,用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为"will be done",show的过去分词是shown。故填will be shown。
66. We are told that a new car factory (build) here next year.
【答案】will be build
【解析】【分析】句意:我们被告知明年这里将建一座新的汽车工厂。build建造,动词;根据时间状语next year可知,此句是一般将来时,主语car factory和谓语动词build是动宾关系,用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为"will be done",build的过去分词是built。故填will be built。
67. The pictures (put) up on the school website next week.
【答案】will be put
【解析】【分析】句意:这些照片将于下周在学校网站上发布。put up张贴,建造,固定搭配;根据时间状语next week可知,此句是一般将来时,主语The pictures 和谓语动词短语put up是动宾关系,用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为"will be done",put的过去分词还是put。故填will be put。
68. She (study) English in the school since she left her hometown.
【答案】has studied
【解析】【分析】句意:从她离开家乡之后,她一直在学校里学英语。根据 since she left her hometown,从她离开家乡之后,可知动作从过去持续到现在,应用现在完成时has/have+过去分词。根据主语she可知,助动词应用has,study的过去分词为studied,故答案为has studied。
69.If you (feel) tired, you (have) to have a rest.
【答案】feel;will have
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你觉得累了,你必须休息一下。if如果,引导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,If you ....(feel) tired.这是从句,要用一般现在时,主语you,谓语动词用原形,主句you...(have)to have a rest.要用一般将来时,助动词will+动词原形,have to不得不,一般将来时用will have to,故填feel,will have。
70.It (serve) you right! I told you to take an umbrella.
【答案】serves
【解析】【分析】句意:你活该!我告诉你带雨伞了。serve是动词,服务,时态是一般现在时态,主语是it,serve用第三人称单数serves。故答案为serves。
71.The man in black (steal) some money from the shop last night.
【答案】stole
【解析】【分析】句意: 那个穿黑衣的人昨晚从商店偷了一些钱。 steal偷,动词,根据last night可知,此处描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,steal过去式是stole,故填stole。
72.He (lie) on his back and looked up at the sky.
【答案】lay
【解析】【分析】句意: 他仰面躺着,仰望天空。 lie躺,动词,and连接并列谓语,前后形式应该一致,根据looked可知,此处也用一般过去时,lie过去式是lay,故填lay。【点评】考查一般过去时。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
73. In my opinion, good friends should (share) happiness or sadness with each other.
【答案】share
【解析】【分析】句意:在我看来,好朋友应该彼此分享快乐或悲伤。share分享,动词。情态动词should后用动词原形。故答案为:share。
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