专题03 选词填空15篇（上海市高考模拟真题）（第二期）-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(上海专用)

专题03 选词填空15篇(上海市高考模拟) 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．blocked   B．extended   C． approval   D．extracted   E. dispose F. compromises  G. inflating   H. counted   I. bedrock   J. grant K. available In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant into his jaw nine teeth, which have been 1 from the mouths of his slaves. That’s far different image from the cherry tree chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made 2 in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral 3 made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong and yet most did little to fight it. More than anything, the historians say, the founders were 4 by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic 5 of the country they helped to create. For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,” says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that 6 a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation. And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifth formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by 7 the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson 8 slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states. Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children — though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to 9 his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative 10 in Virginia. 【答案】 1．D 2．K 3．F 4．A 5．I 6．H 7．G 8．B 9．J 10．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美国开国者在对待奴隶制方面一些鲜为人知的、有的可能并不如我们想象的那么完美的一些事情和做法。 1．考查动词。句意：于是，他雇了一位牙医，将从奴隶嘴里拔出的九颗牙齿移植到口部上。由上文“George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless (52岁的乔治·华盛顿几乎没有牙齿)”可知，乔治·华盛顿移植的牙齿是从奴隶嘴里拔出来的，过去分词extracted(拔出)符合句意，故选D项。 2．考查形容词。句意：他们在一定程度上受到了1998年提供的DNA证据的鼓舞，这些证据几乎可以肯定地证明托马斯·杰斐逊与他的奴隶萨莉·赫明斯至少有一个孩子。由下文“which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings (这些证据几乎可以肯定地证明托马斯·杰斐逊与他的奴隶萨莉·赫明斯至少有一个孩子)”可知，有可利用的DNA证据证实托马斯·杰斐逊与其奴隶有孩子，形容词available (可获得的、可供使用的)符合句意，故选K项。 3．考查名词。句意：几位历史学家的作品揭示了该国早期领导人做出的道德妥协以及该国婴儿期的脆弱性。由下文“More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong and yet most did little to fight it. (更重要的是，他们认为许多开国元勋都知道奴隶制是错误的，但大多数人几乎没有采取任何行动来对抗奴隶制)”可知，许多开国元勋都知道奴隶制是错误的，但大多数未采取行动，说明他们做出了道德妥协，名词复数compromises (妥协)符合句意，故选F项。 4．考查动词。句意：历史学家说，最重要的是，创始人受到了当时文化的阻碍。呼应上文“the moral ____3____ made by the nation’s early leaders (该国早期领导人做出的道德妥协)”和“More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong and yet most did little to fight it. (更重要的是，他们认为许多开国元勋都知道奴隶制是错误的，但大多数人几乎没有采取任何行动来对抗奴隶制)”讲许多开国元勋受到了当时文化的阻碍，只能做出道德妥协而未对奴隶制采取行动，过去分词blocked (阻碍)符合句意，故选A项。 5．考查名词。句意：虽然华盛顿和杰斐逊私下里对奴隶制表示厌恶，但他们也明白，奴隶制是他们帮助创建的国家的政治和经济基石的一部分。由本处语境可知，奴隶制是他们帮助创建的国家的政治和经济基石的一部分，名词bedrock (牢固基础)符合句意，故选I项。 6．考查动词。句意：如果没有对“特殊制度”的保护，南方各州就不会签署宪法，包括一项条款，该条款在国会代表权中，一个奴隶被视为五分之三个公民。由下文“a slave as three fifths of a man”可知，此处指一个奴隶被视为五分之三个公民，体现奴隶地位的底下，过去式counted (认为)符合句意，count…as…(把……看作)。故选H项。 7．考查动词。句意：五分之三的公式通过膨胀南方各州在选举团中的选票，使杰斐逊在1800年的总统选举中险胜。结合常识可知美国南方奴隶众多，呼应上文“a clause that ____6____ a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation (该条款在国会代表权中，一个奴隶被视为五分之三个公民)”讲五分之三的公式的这条条款帮助杰斐逊当选总统，动名词inflating (膨胀)符合句意，故选G项。 8．考查动词。句意：杰斐逊上任后，于1803年通过路易斯安那购地案扩大了奴隶制；这片新土地被划分为13个州，其中包括3个奴隶州。呼应上文“And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. (政治家们的政治生活依赖于奴隶制)”讲杰斐逊反过来扩大奴隶制以有助于他的政治生涯，过去式extended (扩大)符合句意，故选B项。 9．考查动词。句意：华盛顿在独立战争中看到黑人士兵的英勇行为后，开始相信人人生而平等。他不顾亲戚的强烈反对，在遗嘱中给予他的奴隶自由。由上文“Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal”可知，华盛顿认为白人黑人是平等的，同意给予他的奴隶自由，动词grant (同意，准予)符合句意，故选J项。 10．考查名词。句意：就在十年前，这样的行为还需要弗吉尼亚州的立法批准。由上文“____9____ his slaves their freedom in his will (按照自己的意愿给予奴隶自由)”可知，此处指华盛顿释放奴隶的行为在十年前还需要弗吉尼亚州的立法批准，名词approval (批准)符合句意，故选C项。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．assume B．exclusive C． handful D．influentially E. journey F. majority G. original H. precisely I. stage J. transform K. uplifting The myth of ‘going viral (病毒的)’ on the Internet The internet is supposedly a hive (蜂巢) of virality. When we see a Weibo post with 10,000 shares or a Tiktok video with 5 million views, we 1 this popularity is driven by trillions of shares, like infected individuals passing along the flu. Do popular ideas and products really go “viral”? For a long time, nobody could be sure. It was hard to 2 track word-of-mouth messages. But online, scientists can actually follow the 3 of a piece of information as it travels around the Internet. In 2012, researchers from Yahoo studied the spread of messages on a social network. Their conclusion: nothing really ever goes viral. More than 90% of the messages didn’t spread at all. The vast 4 of the news that people see on the social network — around 95% — comes directly from its 5 source or from one degree of separation. Popularity on the Internet is still driven by the biggest broadcasts — not by a million 1-to-1 shares, but rather by a(n) 6 of 1-to-1 million shares. Such broadcasts used to be 7 to big broadcast companies, like TV channels and FM stations. Now there are new hot points on the Internet, like a top star’s post. We want to believe the viral myth because it’s 8 . It promises small-time writers, photographers and videographers that a moment’s inspiration can 9 into sudden fame. It holds up the Internet as a perfect 10 for grassroots, where anybody can become a star if they make something good enough. In the end, virality is a myth covering up the fact that the Internet is still run by Goliaths (巨人歌利亚). 【答案】 1．A 2．H 3．E 4．F 5．G 6．C 7．B 8．K 9．J 10．I 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了互联网网络“走红”的现象以及原因。 1．考查动词。句意：当我们看到一条有1万次分享的微博帖子或一段有500万次观看的Tiktok视频时，我们会假设这种受欢迎程度是由数万亿次分享驱动的，就像被感染的人传播流感一样。根据“this popularity is driven by trillions of shares, like infected individuals passing along the flu”以及句意“假设”可知应填动词assume，作谓语，根据上文see可知为一般现在时，主语为we，谓语用原形。故选A。 2．考查副词。句意：很难精确地追踪口头信息。根据“For a long time, nobody could be sure.(很长一段时间，没有人能确定)”以及句意“精确地”可知应填副词precisely，修饰动词track。故选H。 3．考查名词。句意：但是在网上，科学家们实际上可以跟踪一条信息在互联网上传播的过程。根据“of a piece of information as it travels around the Internet”以及句意“过程”可知应填名词journey，作宾语。故选E。 4．考查名词。句意：人们在社交网络上看到的绝大多数新闻——大约95%——直接来自其原始来源或某种程度上的分离。根据“of the news that people see on the social network—around 95%”以及句意“绝大多数新闻”可知应填majority，构成the vast majority of表示“大多数”。故选F。 5．考查形容词。句意：人们在社交网络上看到的绝大多数新闻——大约95%——直接来自其原始来源或某种程度上的分离。根据“comes directly”以及句意“原始”可知应填形容词original，修饰名词source。故选G。 6．考查固定短语。句意：互联网上的受欢迎程度仍然是由最大的广播驱动的——不是一百万对一的分享，而是一百万对一的少数分享。根据“1-to-1 million shares”以及句意“少数”可知应填handful，构成a handful of表示“少量的”。故选C。 7．考查形容词。句意：这种广播过去是电视频道和调频电台等大型广播公司的专属。根据“like TV channels and FM stations”以及句意“专属”可知应填形容词exclusive，作表语。故选B。 8．考查形容词。句意：我们愿意相信病毒式传播的神话，因为它令人振奋。根据“It promises small-time writers, photographers and videographers that a moment’s inspiration”以及句意“令人振奋”可知应填形容词uplift，作表语。故选K。 9．考查动词。句意：它向三流作家、摄影师和摄像师承诺，瞬间的灵感可以转化为一夜成名。根据“into sudden fame”以及句意“转化”可知应填动词transform，且can后跟动词原形。故选J。 10．考查名词。句意：它为草根提供了一个完美的舞台，在这个舞台上任何人都可以成为明星，只要他们做得足够好。根据“where anybody can become a star if they make something good enough”以及句意“舞台”可知应填名词stage，作宾语，故选I。 （2025·上海嘉定·一模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access     B．ended     C． exchanged     D．increased     E. mirrored     F. narrow G. non-judgmentally     H. non-productively    I. shame     J. stranger     K. understood For Those in Crisis, a Friend to Text “A 19-year-old woman wrote to me in a text message, saying she was feeling hopeless and beginning to give up on life. . . . ” Aaron, a veteran (老兵) , has himself suffered from the similar stress and depression. He 1 the feeling. For the past year, Aaron has been volunteering with the Crisis Text Line (CTL), a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline can 2 through the number 741741. The line currently has 1, 500 volunteer Crisis Consultants across the country and has 3 more than 19 million texts — 50,000 messages a day. As he had been instructed, Aaron “listened” openly and 4 to the young woman. He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems. Mostly, his messages 5 back what he’d heard from her, occasionally emphasizing a strength that he’d noticed — like the fact that she’d taken this step to help herself even in the middle of her depression. “A lot of people feel extremely lonely,” he says. “Sometimes it takes a(n) 6 , not a close friend, to say, ‘Hey, you’ve been through a lot, but you’ve been helping yourself. If you can do that, you can do more. ’ Many people reply, ‘I’ve never thought about it that way.’” The goal of a crisis line, explains Nancy Lublin, who runs the CTL, is 7 . It’s not treatment; it’s meant to bring people from “a moment of hot to a moment of cool, ” so consultants can suggest ways the texter can move to a place of 8 safety. Researchers are excited about the text line. “Teens have been reluctant to use crisis services,” observes Anthony Pisani. “The CTL offers a layer of protection from the 9 of expressing your weaknesses.” As for the woman with whom Aaron was communicating, the opportunity to share her feelings with a kind stranger appeared to help. “She said she couldn't remember the last time anyone had told her they believed in her,” Aaron recalls. She 10 the conversation the way people often do, by texting, “Thanks for listening.” 【答案】 1．K 2．A 3．C 4．G 5．E 6．J 7．F 8．D 9．I 10．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Crisis Text Line (CTL)是一个帮助人们在情感危机中找到支持的短信服务，通过志愿者提供倾听和陪伴，帮助人们安抚情绪，找到安全的方法。 1．考查动词。句意：他理解这种感觉。空处为句子的谓语动词。此处表示Aaron理解压力和抑郁带来的感受。understand“理解”符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选K。 2．考查动词。句意：在过去的一年里，Aaron一直在危机短信热线（CTL）做志愿者，这是一个24小时免费服务，有需要的人可以通过拨打741741这个号码接入。根据空前的can可知，空处需要动词原形。根据“a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline”可知，需要的人能通过拨打741741这个号码接入危机短信热线。access为动词“进入”，符合语境。故选A。 3．考查动词。句意：该热线目前在全国各地有1500名志愿者危机顾问，每天交换超过1900万条短信，即5万条。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据空后的more than 19 million texts可知，这条热线已经交换了超过1900万条短信。exchange为动词“交换”，符合语境。根据空前的has可知，本句话为现在完成时态，空处需要过去分词。故选C。 4．考查副词。句意：按照指示，Aaron以开放和非评判的态度“倾听”这位年轻女士的心声。空处需要副词和空前的openly作并列状语，修饰动词listened。non-judgmentally为副词“不批评地”，符合语境。故选G。 5．考查动词。句意：大多数情况下，他的信息只是反映了从她那里听到的内容，偶尔强调他注意到的一个优点——比如她在抑郁症期间还能采取行动帮助自己这一点。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据空前的“He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems.”可知，Aaron不给建议，他的信息只反映他听到的内容。mirror为动词“反映”，符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选E。 6．考查名词。句意：“很多人感到非常孤独，”他说。“有时候，需要一个陌生人，而不是亲密的朋友，来说‘嘿，你经历了很多，但你在帮助自己。’根据空前的a (n)可知，空处需要名词。根据not a close friend可知，此处表示一个陌生人。stranger为名词“陌生人”，符合语境。故选J。 7．考查形容词。句意：CTL的负责人Nancy Lublin解释说，危机热线的目标刚刚好。空处需要形容词作表语。narrow为形容词“刚刚好的”，此处指危机热线的目标刚刚好，即他们不是去治疗，而是让人们冷静下来。故选F。 8．考查形容词。句意：它的目的是让人们从“激动时刻”转变为“冷静时刻”，这样顾问就可以建议发件人如何转移到更安全的状态。空处需要形容词作定语。increased为形容词“增强的”，此处指让人们转移到更安全的状态。故选D。 9．考查名词。句意：CTL提供了一层保护，让你在表达自己的弱点时不会感到羞耻。空处需要名词作介词的宾语。根据“expressing your weaknesses”可知，人们在表达自己的弱点时会感到羞愧。shame为名词“羞愧”，符合语境。故选I。 10．考查动词。句意：她像人们通常做的那样，通过发短信结束了对话：“谢谢你倾听。”空处为句子的谓语动词。根据“Thanks for listening.”可知，这位女士结束了对话。end为动词“结束”，符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选B。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digital B．initiative C． considerable D．safeguard E. cutting-edge F. access G. strictly H. weathered I. ever-present J. towers K. comprehensive AI goes ancient to preserve thousand-year-old Chinese pagoda In the heart of China’s Shanxi Province stands a remarkable testament to human ingenuity and resilience: the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda. Nearly a thousand years old, this architectural marvel has 1 the ravages of time, surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters. Standing 67 meters high, the structure - also called the Sakyamuni Pagoda of the Fogong Temple - 2 above the surrounding landscape, multi-tiered wooden roofs offering a striking contrast to the rolling hills and smaller buildings that dot the region. Even with its staggering resilience, the pagoda is showing its 3 age. Built in 1056 and recognized by UNESCO as the world’s oldest and tallest entirely wooden structure, the Yingxian pagoda faces the inevitable effects of time: weathering, structural fatigue, and the 4 threat of wood decay. In fact, it is no longer accessible to tourists who would otherwise leap at the chance to step back in time. Now, the pagoda’s unparalleled value to shared world heritage has inspired a revolutionary effort to preserve it for future generations. Lenovo, the global technology leader, will 5 this ancient treasure using groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In collaboration with Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture, Lenovo launched the “Smart Yingxian Pagoda” project to create a 6 twin of the pagoda that captures every exquisite detail of its architecture, from intricate wood grains to subtle imperfections in statues. This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model - the interactive, navigable experience democratizes 7 to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient halls. Moreover, it accelerates ongoing restorative efforts and ensures they 8 adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity. “AI for cultural heritage is about using 9 technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future,” said Shijie Mao, Lenovo vice president and director of research in Shanghai “We relentlessly pursue innovation and transformation, especially in the era of AI, but always with an eye on our communities and human experiences. This 10 embodies our commitment to smarter AI for all.” Looking ahead, Lenovo is exploring involvement in similar heritage preservation projects globally, welcoming more opportunities for collaboration. 【答案】 1．H 2．J 3．C 4．I 5．D 6．A 7．F 8．G 9．E 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了联想集团与清华大学建筑学院合作，利用人工智能技术启动了“智能应县木塔”项目，不仅可供人们互动探索，还能帮助加速修复工作，确保修复工作保持原貌，保护历史完整性。联想集团希望在全球范围内参与更多类似的遗产保护项目，并欢迎更多合作机会。 1．考查动词时态。句意：这座有近一千年历史的建筑奇迹经受住了时间的摧残，幸存于战争的混乱和自然灾害的肆虐之中。设空处使用动词与前文的has构成现在完成时，根据下文surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters可知，这座有近一千年历史的建筑奇迹经受住了时间的摧残。表示“（受风吹雨打而）（使）褪色，（使）风化，”用weather。故选H。 2．考查动词时态。句意：这座67米高的建筑（也被称为佛宫寺释迦塔）耸立在周围的景色之上，多层的木屋顶与周围的山丘和点缀着的小建筑形成了鲜明的对比。设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示“这座67米高的建筑耸立在周围的景色之上”，tower为动词意为“高耸；屹立”，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，句子主语为structure为第三人称单数，故用towers。故选J项。 3．考查形容词。句意：尽管这座佛塔具有惊人的坚固耐久度，但它仍显露出颇为可观的年岁痕迹。设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰age，此处表示“相当的，可观的”用considerable。故选C项。 4．考查形容词。句意：这座建于1056年的佛塔被联合国教科文组织认定为世界上最古老、最高的全木结构建筑，它面临着时间的必然影响：风化、结构疲劳以及木材腐烂的持续威胁。根据上文“weathering, structural fatigue”及下文“threat of wood decay”可知，这座佛塔面临着时间的必然影响：风化、结构疲劳以及木材腐烂的持续威胁，ever-present意为“总是存在的；持续不断的”符合语境。故选I项。 5．考查动词时态。句意：全球科技领导者联想将使用开创性的人工智能（AI）技术来保护这一古代瑰宝。设空处使用动词作谓语，与前文的will构成一般将来时，此处表示“全球科技领导者联想将使用开创性的人工智能（AI）技术来保护这一古代瑰宝”safeguard意为“保护；维护”符合语境。故选D项。 6．考查形容词。句意：联想与清华大学建筑学院合作，推出了“智能应贤塔”项目，创建了一个宝塔的数字孪生，捕捉建筑的每一个精致细节，从复杂的木纹到雕像的细微缺陷。设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词twin，此处表示“联想启动了“智慧应县木塔”项目，以创建了一个宝塔的数字孪生复制品”，digital意为“数字的”符合语境。故选A项。 7．考查名词。句意：这种基于AI的复制技术不仅仅是一个高保真虚拟模型——这种互动、可导航的体验使每个人都能接触到木塔的辉煌，让世界各地的人们都能探索和研究其古老的殿堂。设空处使用名词作宾语，根据上文“This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model”及下文“to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient ”可知，这种基于AI的复制技术使每个人都能接触到木塔的辉煌，access“接触；进入”符合语境，且为不可数名词。故选F项。 8．考查副词。句意：此外，它还加速了正在进行的修复工作，并确保它们严格遵循原始风格，从而保持佛塔的历史完整性。设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词。根据下文“adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity”可知，这种基于AI的复制技术还加速了正在进行的修复工作，并确保它们严格遵循原始风格，strictly为副词，意为“严格地”符合语境。故选G项。 9．考查形容词。句意：联想上海副总裁兼研究总监毛世杰表示：“文化遗产的人工智能是指利用尖端技术，回溯千年，为子孙后代保存这些奇迹。”根据上文“using”及下文“technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future”可知，联想上海副总裁兼研究总监毛世杰表示：“文化遗产的人工智能是指利用尖端技术，回溯千年，为子孙后代保存这些奇迹。”设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词。cutting-edge意为“尖端的；先进的”符合语境。故选E项。 10．考查名词。句意：这一举措体现了我们致力于为所有人提供更智能的人工智能的承诺。设空处使用名词作主语。initiative意为“举措；计划”符合语境。故选B项。 （24-25高三上·上海宝山·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only by used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．invasion   B．combinations   C． attitudes   D．uniqueness   E. revealed F. statistical   G. inspired   H. normally   I. definitely   J opposite   K. accounted Better think twice before choosing a password for email, online bank accounts and airline tickets. Passwords that show no imagination or 1 are easy prey (猎物) for information pirates, a new US study says. A 2 analysis of 28,000 passwords recently stolen from a popular US website and posted on the Internet 3 that people often do the easy thing. It found that 16 percent took a first name as a password, 4 their own or one of their children, according to the study released by Information Week. Another 14 percent relied on the easiest 5 , such as ‘1234ab’ or ‘12345678abc’. For those using English keyboards, OWERTY’ was popular. Likewise, ‘AZERTY’ scored with people with European keyboards. Five percent of the stolen passwords were names of television shows or stars popular with young people like ‘hannah, 6 by singer Hannah Montana. ‘Pokemon,’ ‘Matrix,’ and ‘Ironman’ were others. The word ‘password,’ or easy to guess variations like ‘password 1’, 7 for 4 percent, while 3 percent of the passwords expressed 8 like ‘I don’t care,’ ‘Whatever,’ ‘Yes’ or ‘No’. There were sentimental choices —‘I love you’ — and their 9 — ‘I hate you.’ Robert Graham, of the company Errata Security, which did the analysis and published the conclusions, advises that to better protect against cyber 10 we should choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter and one symbol. 【答案】 1．D 2．F 3．E 4．H 5．B 6．G 7．K 8．C 9．J 10．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲没有想象力或独特性的密码很容易成为信息盗版者的猎物。 1．考查名词。句意：美国一项新的研究表明，没有想象力或独特性的密码很容易成为信息盗版者的猎物。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，uniqueness，表“独特性”，为名词，符合句意。故选D项。 2．考查形容词。句意：一项对最近从美国一家热门网站被盗并发布在互联网上的28000个密码的统计分析显示，人们经常做容易的事情。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语， statistical ，表“统计数据的”，为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。 3．考查动词。句意：一项对最近从美国一家热门网站被盗并发布在互联网上的28000个密码的统计分析显示，人们经常做容易的事情。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，revealed，表“显示”，为reveal的过去式，符合句意。故选E项。 4．考查副词。句意：根据《信息周刊》发布的研究，16%的人将名字作为密码，通常是他们自己或他们的孩子。分析句子可知，此空可填副词作状语， normally，表“通常”，为副词，符合句意。故选H项。 5．考查名词。句意：另有14%的人依赖最简单的组合，如“1234ab”或“12345678abc”。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，combinations ，表“结合”，为名词复数形式，符合句意。故选B项。 6．考查动词。句意：被盗密码中有5%是受年轻人欢迎的电视节目或明星的名字，比如受歌手汉娜·蒙塔纳启发的“hannah”。分析句子可知，此空可填分词作定语，inspired，表“被启发”，为inspire的过去分词，符合句意。故选G项。 7．考查动词。句意：“password”或“password 1”等易于猜测的变体占4%，而3%的密码表达了“I don’t care”、“Whatever,”、“Yes”或“No”等态度。分析句子可知，此空可填动词作谓语，account for，表“（数量或比例上）占”，符合句意，此句用一般过去时态，设空处填account的过去式。故选K项。 8．考查名词。句意：“password”或“password 1”等易于猜测的变体占4%，而3%的密码表达了“I don’t care”、“Whatever,”、“Yes”或“No”等态度。分析句子可知，此空可填名词作宾语，attitudes，表“态度”，为名词复数，符合句意。故选C项。 9．考查名词。句意：有感性的选择——“I love you”——以及它们的反面——“I hate you”。分析句子可知，此空可填名词作主语，opposite，表“反义词，反面”，为名词，符合句意。故选J项。 10．考查名词。句意：Errata Security公司的Robert Graham进行了分析并发表了结论，他建议，为了更好地防止网络入侵，我们应该选择一个长度超过八个字符、一个大写字母和一个符号的密码。分析句子可知，此空可填名词作宾语，invasion，表“侵犯”，为名词，符合句意。故选A项。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．traps  B．creatures  C． supply  D．approaching  E. acquiring  F. delicately G. potential  H. experimentally  I. wandering  J. attracted  K. capture Brazilian ants build an unusual pitfall (陷阱) for bugs. Fallen feathers may appear harmless, but bugs in tropical Brazilian savannas (热带稀数草原) should think twice about 1 them. New research suggests Pheidole oxyops ants (氧化蚁) sometimes place feathers around their underground nest’s single entrance as bait for other 2 , which then tumble in. This behavior is an unusual example of ants using lures or 3 rather than actively hunting down their prey. Inácio Gomes, an ecologist at the Federal University of Viosa in Brazil, had never seen any description in scientific studies of ants building traps. He first noticed feathers around ant nest entrances in city parks and on his college campus, and he found two hypotheses in scientific literature: the feathers could collect morning dew in dry areas, or they could act as lures. Gomes is lead author on an August study in Ecological Entomology that 4 tested both ideas. The researchers provided a ready 5 of wet cotton balls but found the ants still collected feathers, suggesting they were not being used for water. And the team found that artificial traps with feathers around them captured more 6 arthropods than those without. Gomes says that once prey such as mites, springtails or other species of ants fall in, the nest entrance’s soft walls make it hard for them to climb out, and the inhabitants quickly subdue them. Helen McCreery, a biologist at Harvard University, who was not involved in Gomes’s research, says the study is “really cool” and well done. “It’s a very charismatic, conspicuous behavior,” McCreery adds. “There are certainly very few examples of ants 7 food without leaving their nest.” McCreery wonders why preys are 8 to the feathers in the first place; Gomes suggests smell and shape are 9 draws. “In general, soil insects are very curious—that’s why pitfall traps are so effective,” Gomes says. Scientists use similar traps to 10 wild specimens. Pheidole oxyops forage alone or in groups like other ant species--Gomes once saw them take down a praying mantis but he said they most likely supplement hunting with the feather traps to get through long dry seasons with scarcer prey. 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．H 5．C 6．I 7．E 8．J 9．G 10．K 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍巴西蚂蚁利用羽毛作为诱饵建造陷阱捕捉猎物的行为，向读者普及了蚂蚁的一种特殊觅食方式和生态习性。 1．考查动词。句意：落在地上的羽毛可能看起来无害，但在热带巴西稀树草原上，虫子们在靠近它们之前可得三思而后行。根据句意可知，空处意为“靠近”，担当宾语，应用动名词形式。选项D“approaching”，意为“靠近”，符合句意。故选D。 2．考查名词。句意：新的研究表明，氧化蚁有时会在它们地下巢穴的唯一入口周围放置羽毛，作为诱饵吸引其他生物，让它们跌入陷阱。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语；根据空前的“as bait”可推测，空处指的是“其他生物”；选项B“creatures”，意为“生物”，符合句意。故选B。 3．考查名词。句意：这种行为是蚂蚁使用诱饵或陷阱而非主动追捕猎物的罕见例子。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式，指的是上文提到的“陷阱”；选项A“traps”，名词形式，意为“陷阱”，符合句意。故选A。 4．考查副词。句意：Gomes 是8月在《生态昆虫学》杂志上发表的一项研究的主要作者，该研究对这两种想法进行了实验测试。分析句子成分可知，空处担当状语；根据下文内容可知，这些研究人员进行了实验测试。选项H“experimentally”，副词，意为“实验性”，符合句意。故选H。 5．考查名词。句意：研究人员提供了充足的湿棉花球，但发现蚂蚁仍然收集羽毛，这表明它们不是为了取水。分析句子成分可知，空处担当宾语，根据空后的“wet cotton balls”可知，研究人员提供了湿棉花球。选项C“supply”，名词，意为“提供”，符合句意。故选C。 6．考查动词。句意：研究小组还发现，周围有羽毛的人工陷阱捕捉到的漫游节肢动物比没有羽毛的陷阱要多。分析句子成分可知，空处修饰空后的“arthropods”，根据句意可知，人工陷阱铺捉到的是四处闲逛的节肢动物。选项I“wandering”，意为“漫游的”，符合句意。故选I。 7．考查动词。句意：McCreery补充道，“蚂蚁在不离开巢穴的情况下获取食物的例子肯定非常少。”分析句子成分可知，空处担当宾语；根据空后的“food”可知，空处指的是“获得”；选项E“acquiring”，意为“获得”，符合句意。故选E。 8．考查动词。句意：McCreery想知道为什么猎物首先会被羽毛吸引；Gomes 认为，气味和形状可能是潜在的诱因。根据上文“And the team found that artificial traps with feathers around them captured more  ____6____  arthropods than those without.”可知，猎物容易被羽毛吸引。选项J“attracted”，意为“吸引”，和are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选J。 9．考查形容词。句意：McCreery想知道为什么猎物首先会被羽毛吸引；Gomes 认为，气味和形状可能是潜在的诱因。分析句子成分可知，空处考修饰空后的“draws”。选项G“potential”，意为“潜在的”，符合本句句意。故选G。 10．考查动词。句意：科学家们使用类似的陷阱来捕捉野生样本。分析句子成分可知，空处考查动词原形；根据空后的“wild specimens”可知，空处意为“捕捉”；选项K“capture”，动词，意为“捕捉”，符合句意。故选K。 （24-25高三上·上海闵行·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．angered  B．collection  C． connection  D．demanding  E. dismissal  F. lasting  G. pessimism  H. reputation  I. unconventional  J. underachieving  K. united Stepney Words Chris Searle’s journey as a teacher at Sir John Cass Secondary School in Stepney, East London, began in 1970. He was driven by a strong 1 to the area and a progressive vision for education. Having completed a postgraduate thesis (论文) on Isaac Rosenberg, a poet from the East End, Searle saw Stepney as a place filled with potential, in spite of its 2 as a hopeless community. He believed that education, particularly through poetry, could transform the lives of his students, many of whom came from low-income, high-risk backgrounds. Searle’s 3 approach conflicted with the traditional views of the school’s governors and teachers. At a time when discipline was harsh and students were often regarded as troublemakers, Searle viewed these 4 teenagers as individuals with untapped potential. He believed that poetry could unlock their creativity and help them express their experiences, offering them a sense of hope and purpose. His belief in poetry’s power materialized in the creation of Stepney Words, a collection of his students’ poems. Despite the 5   from some staff who thought his methods too liberal, the poems gained attention, and some of them were even published in The Sun newspaper by March 1971. The 6 gave the students a voice, but it also drew criticism from school officials who thought the poems were “too gloomy.” Searle’s progressive ideals led to his 7 from the school. However, his students, 218 by the decision, organized a protest led by 16-year-old Zenaida de la Cruz. The entire school quickly 8 , standing together with Searle. On his return to the school, he found 800 students standing outside the gates in the rain, showing their support. Though the government eventually allowed him to return, he decided to leave the school in 1974. His commitment to education did not end there — he continued to teach around the world and published his own poetry, leaving behind a(n) 9 impact of optimism, innovation, and faith in the power of education to bring about change. 【答案】 1．C 2．H 3．I 4．J 5．G 6．B 7．E 8．A 9．K 10．F 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章的主题是：Chris Searle作为一名教师在斯特普尼的圣约翰卡斯中学的教学经历及其教育理念。文章详细描述了他在面对传统教育观念挑战时如何坚持自己的进步主义观点，通过诗歌教学激励学生，并最终因这些做法而受到争议和支持的故事。 1．考查名词。句意：他受到与该地区的紧密联系以及对教育的进步愿景的驱使。空处应填名词，他对这个地区有着很强的某种关联感，a connection to表示 “与……的联系”，符合句意。故选C项。 2．考查名词。句意：尽管斯特普尼有着作为一个无望社区的名声，塞尔在完成了一篇关于来自伦敦东区的诗人艾萨克・罗森伯格的硕士论文后，仍将其视为一个充满潜力的地方。空处需要一个名词来表示外界对斯特普尼这个地方的一种普遍认知和评价，reputation表示“名声；声誉”符合句意。故选H项。 3．考查形容词。句意：塞尔这种非传统的方法与学校管理者和教师们的传统观点产生了冲突。空处应填一个形容词，由本句中的“conflict with the traditional view”可知，塞尔在教育教学方面所采取的方式是有别于常规、传统做法的，unconventional“非传统的”符合句意。故选I项。 4．考查形容词。句意：在当时纪律严苛且学生常被视为捣蛋鬼的情况下，塞尔把这些成绩不佳的青少年视为有着未被发掘潜力的个体。空处应填形容词，这里描述的是那些在学业等方面表现不够好、未达到应有水平的学生，underachieving“成绩不佳的”符合句意。故选J项。 5．考查名词。句意：尽管一些认为他的方法过于自由化的教职工不看好，这些诗歌还是引起了关注，并且其中一些甚至在 1971年3月前就在《太阳报》上发表了。空处应填一个名词做宾语，由“who thought his methods too liberal”可知，其他的教职工不看好他的做法，pessimism“悲观”符合句意。故选G项。 6．考查名词。句意：这个(诗歌)作品集让学生们有了表达自己的机会，但也引来了学校官员的批评，他们认为这些诗歌“太忧郁”了。空处应填一个名词做主语，前面提到了“Stepney Words, a collection of his students’ poems”，Stepney Words是塞尔收集学生诗作形成的一个作品集， collection “作品集”符合句意。故选B项。 7．考查名词。句意：塞尔的进步理念导致了他被学校解雇。空处应填一个名词做宾语，前文讲述了他的理念和做法与学校管理者、教师的传统观点冲突，后面又提到学生为此抗议等情节，所以这里应该是说他因为这些进步但与传统相悖的理念而被学校辞退了，dismissal“解雇”符合句意。故选E项。 8．考查非谓语。句意：然而，他的学生们因为这个决定而被激怒，由16岁的泽内达・德拉克鲁兹领导组织了一场抗议活动。句子已有谓语动词“organized”，空处应使用非谓语形式，且由by可知应是被动形式，表明学生们对老师被解雇这一决定非常不满，angered“激怒”为过去分词，与逻辑主语“his students”为被动关系，符合句意。故选A项。 9．考查谓语动词。句意：整个学校迅速团结起来，与塞尔站在了一起。此处应填一个动词做谓语，且时态为一般过去时，在学生组织抗议后，全校的反应是团结一心，united“团结”符合句意。故选K项。 10．考查形容词。句意：他对教育的投入并未就此停止——他继续在世界各地任教，还出版了自己的诗歌，留下了一种关于乐观、创新以及对教育能带来变革的力量的信念的持久影响。空处应填形容词，表示他的影响是具有持续性、长远性的，lasting“持久的”符合句意。故选F项。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．considered     B．distant      C． existence        D．travelling E. atmosphere     F. host        G. excitingly       H. classed I. persistence      J. similar       K. frequently New Planet Could Hold Life Many scientists have now stopped asking if there is life on other planets — instead, they’re just trying to work out where it is. Now, researchers think they have found a possible location, a 1 planet given the catchy name of TOI-715 b. TOI-715 b was discovered by TESS, a telescope owned by the US space agency NASA．The planet is 2 as a super-Earth, although this just means it’s bigger than Earth but smaller than ice giants such as Neptune (海王星) or Uranus (天王星). It lies 137 light years away from our planet. This means that if you were 3 at the speed of light (186,000 miles per second), it would take you 137 years to reach it. This may seem like a very long way away, but because the universe is so huge it’s 4 quite close. The newly discovered planet is about one and a half times as wide as Earth and is moving around a type of star called a red dwarf. The distance between this star and TOI-715 b is much shorter than that between Earth and the Sun but because red dwarfs are smaller and cooler than our Sun, it could be a(n) 5 temperature to Earth. This means that TOI-715 b could perhaps be the right temperature to 6 liquid water, and scientists believe that this is essential to the 7 of life (at least in the form that humans know it). Just like Earth, the planet is not too hot or too cold. However, the possibility of water depends on other factors too, such as the planet’s 8 . Astronomers are planning to study TOI-715 b closer using NASA’s powerful James Webb Space Telescope. Fortunately, the planet only takes 19 days to orbit the star. This means it can be studied more easily, as it 9 moves into the view of telescopes. 10 , there may also be another Earth-sized planet in the same system of planets where TOI-715 b lies, although scientists haven’t been able to confirm it yet. 【答案】 1．B 2．H 3．D 4．A 5．J 6．F 7．C 8．E 9．K 10．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现了一颗可能存在生命的名为TOI-715 b的超级地球，具体描述了其位置、大小、温度、公转周期等情况。 1．考查形容词。句意：现在，研究人员认为他们已经找到了一个可能的位置，一个遥远的行星，它有一个朗朗上口的名字TOI-715 b。空处作修饰planet的定语，结合下一段中“It lies 137 light years away from our planet.”可推知，B项distant“遥远的”符合题意，表示“一个遥远的行星”。故选B。 2．考查动词。句意：这颗行星被归类为超级地球，尽管这只是意味着它比地球大，但比海王星或天王星等冰巨星小。空处和is构成谓语，结合“as a super-Earth”可推知，H项classed“把……归类”符合题意，短语be classed as意为“被归类为”，表示“被归类为超级地球”。故选H。 3．考查动词。句意：这意味着，如果你以光速（每秒18.6万英里）行进，你需要137年才能到达那里。空处和were构成谓语，结合“at the speed of light”可推知，D项travelling“行进”符合题意，表示“以光速行进”。故选D。 4．考查动词。句意：这可能看起来很遥远，但由于宇宙如此巨大，它被认为是相当近的。空处和is构成谓语，结合“quite close”可推知，A项considered“认为”符合题意，表示“被认为是相当近的”。故选A。 5．考查形容词。句意：这颗恒星与TOI-715 b之间的距离比地球与太阳之间的距离小得多，但由于红矮星比我们的太阳更小、更冷，它的温度可能与地球相似。空处修饰temperature的定语，结合“because red dwarfs are smaller and cooler than our Sun”可推知，J项similar“相似的”符合题意，表示“温度可能与地球相似”。故选J。 6．考查动词。句意：这意味着TOI-715 b的温度可能适合液态水的存在，科学家相信这是生命存在的必要条件（至少以人类所知的形式）。空处构成不定式，结合“liquid water”可推知，F项host“做……的东道主”符合题意，表示“拥有液态水”。故选F。 7．考查名词。句意：这意味着TOI-715 b的温度可能适合液态水的存在，科学家相信这是生命存在的必要条件（至少以人类所知的形式）。空处作介词to的宾语，结合“of life”可推知，C项existence“存在”符合题意，表示“生命存在的必要条件”。故选C。 8．考查名词。句意：然而，水存在的可能性也取决于其他因素，比如行星的大气。空处作such as的宾语，结合“the possibility of water depends on other factors too”可推知，E项atmosphere“大气”符合题意，表示“行星的大气”。故选E。 9．考查副词。句意：这意味着它可以更容易地被研究，因为它经常进入望远镜的视野。空处作修饰moves的状语，结合上一句“Fortunately, the planet only takes 19 days to orbit the star.”可推知，K项frequently“经常地”符合题意，表示“经常进入望远镜的视野”。故选K。 10．考查副词。句意：令人兴奋的是，在TOI-715 b所在的同一个行星系统中，可能还有另一颗地球大小的行星，尽管科学家们还没能证实这一点。空处作修饰整个句子的状语，结合“there may also be another Earth-sized planet in the same system of planets where TOI-715 b lies”可推知，G项excitingly“令人兴奋地”符合题意。故选G。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box, Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．obsessed  B．evenly  C． initial  D．more  E. effect  F. hiding G. deliberately  H. desired  I resulting  J. undergraduate  K. familiar Physicists concern themselves with problems that are profound. The origins of the universe, the nature of time, the composition of matter. And then, there’s spaghetti (意面). A spaghetti problem has puzzled physicists as famous as Richard Feynman, and has even been awarded an Ig Nobel Prize. At issue: “Why spaghetti doesn’t break into two pieces. Why it breaks into three pieces or 1 ” Ronald Heisser, now a graduate student at Cornell, decided to explore the misbebavior of spaghetti for a(n) 2 math course he took at MIT. Now, you may never have noticed it, but it’s nearly impossible to break a single, dry piece of spaghetti in half. It is claimed that Feynman noodled with the puzzle. And Heisser became similarly 3 with it. "I’m a little bit of a person who 4 behaves in a way that is different from other people. So I thought it would be fun to try and break it into two. No one said you couldn’t do that. They just said why it doesn’t break into two." In fact, the French researchers who were awarded the Ig Nobel prize in 2006 found that when spaghetti is bent 5 from both ends, it will crack near the center, where the stick is most curved. But this 6 break sets up a vibrational wave (震动波) that quickly breaks the stick further. So you get multiple fragments. What Heisser wondered was whether he could somehow get around this vibrational “snapback” (迅速弹回) 7 And he found you have to do the twist. Heisser built a device for torqueing (向...施以扭动力) his spaghetti with precision and he observed the 8 process of breaking into small parts with a high-speed camera. He discovered that introducing a twist of around 360 degrees to the long strand allowed him to produce the 9 single pair of spaghetti pieces. “Although the project was a bit of fun, I think it’s quite nice when you can find interesting physics and math 10 behind every day, sort of boring objects,” said Ronald Heisser. 【答案】 1．D 2．J 3．A 4．G 5．B 6．C 7．E 8．I 9．H 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了罗纳德·海瑟对意大利面断裂现象的研究。 1．考查代词。句意：为什么它会碎成三块或更多。根据句意和空格前的breaks into可知，空格处应该填入一个词作宾语，且意义为“更多”，所以more填入空格处，符合语境。故选D项。 2．考查名词。句意：罗纳德·海瑟现在是康奈尔大学的研究生，他决定在麻省理工学院的一门本科数学课程中探索意大利面的不正常现象。根据句意和空格后的math course可知，空格处应该用名词作定语，修饰后面的名词短语，且意义为“大学本科生”，所以undergraduate填入空格处，符合语境。故选J项。 3．考查形容词。句意：海瑟也同样痴迷于此。根据句意和空格前的系动词became可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，且意义为“对……入迷的”，所以形容词obsessed填入空格处，符合语境。故选A项。 4．考查副词。句意：我是那种故意表现得和别人不一样的人。根据句意和空格后的动词behave可知，空格处应该用副词作状语，修饰后面的动词，且意义为“故意地”，所以，副词deliberately填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 5．考查副词。句意：事实上，2006年获得搞笑诺贝尔奖的法国研究人员发现，当意大利面从两端均匀弯曲时，它会在靠近中心的地方开裂，那里是面条弯曲程度最高的地方。根据句意和空格前的动词bent可知，空格处应该用副词作状语，修饰前面的动词，且意义为“均匀地”，所以，副词evenly填入空格处，符合语境。故选B项。 6．考查形容词。句意：但这种最初的断裂会产生一种振动波，使面条迅速进一步断裂。根据句意和空格后的名词break可知，空格处应该用形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词，且意义为“最初的”，所以，形容词initial填入空格处，符合语境。故选C项。 7．考查名词。句意：海瑟想知道的是，他是否能以某种方式绕过这种振动的“反弹”效应。根据句意和空格前的动词短语get around可知，空格处应该填入一个词作宾语，且意义为“效应”，所以名词effect填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。 8．考查动名词。句意：海塞尔制造了一种装置，可以精确地扭转他的意大利面，他还用高速摄像机观察了意大利面分裂成小块的过程。根据句意和空格后的名词process可知，空格处应该填入一个词作定语，且意义为“产生；发生”，所以resulting填入空格处，符合语境。故选I项。 9．考查形容词。句意：他发现，在长链上进行360度左右的扭转，就能做出想要的单对意大利面。根据句意和空格后的短语spaghetti pieces可知，空格处应该填入形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词短语，且意义为“期望得到的”，所以，形容词desired填入空格处，符合语境。故选H项。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：罗纳德·海瑟说：“虽然这个项目有点有趣，但我认为当你能在日常生活中发现有趣的物理和数学时，这是非常好的。根据句意和空格后的behind可知，此处考查固定短语hide behind“躲在……后面”，动词hide与空格前的名词短语physics and math之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式hiding作定语。故选F项。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．dive  B．employing  C． identical  D．household  E. landscape  F. merely G. naturally  H. presenting  I. progress  J. responsive  K. rethinking The Emergence of AI-Powered Search The search engine world is experiencing a major transformation as conversational AI technology starts to compete with traditional search engines. For over 20 years, Google has been the leading search engine, using its advanced algorithms to provide accurate, relevant answers to users’ questions. This success made Google a(n) 1 name, turning “to Google” into a common phrase and generating billions in advertising income. Now, the rise of AI-driven conversational tools, like OpenAI’s ChatGPT, is changing the 2 . These tools offer a different experience from traditional keyword searches by engaging users in human-like dialogues rather than just 3 a list of links. ChatGPT and similar technologies provide answers in a way that feels more personal and insightful. This technological shift opens up new ways for people to find information online. ChatGPT can handle questions on a wide range of topics, including complex or delicate ones, by 4 a conversational tone that connects with users. Its appeal lies in its ability to understand context, enabling follow-up questions and a deeper 5 into topics. Responding to this trend, tech giants are 6 the future of search. Microsoft, a key investor in OpenAI, is integrating conversational AI into its search engine, Bing. This integration includes a sidebar that summarizes results or provides extra context, creating a more comprehensive search experience. As these AI-driven tools 7 they challenge the traditional search model. Unlike standard engines that use pre-set algorithms to match keywords, conversational AI responds more 8 This trend pushes Google to innovate, encouraging it to enhance its interface and integrate AI into its existing system. Such advancing technology marks a turning point in search, where 9 providing information isn’t enough. Users now look for a more interactive, 10 experience, and conversational AI may be the answer to meeting that need. 【答案】 1．D 2．E 3．H 4．B 5．A 6．K 7．I 8．G 9．F 10．J 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着对话式人工智能技术开始与传统搜索引擎展开竞争，搜索引擎世界正在经历一场重大变革。 1．考查形容词。句意：这一成功使谷歌成为家喻户晓的名字，使“to谷歌”成为一个常见的短语，并产生了数十亿美元的广告收入。根据“Google”以及句意“家喻户晓的”可知应填形容词household作定语，修饰名词name。故选D。 2．考查名词。句意：现在，人工智能驱动的对话工具的兴起，比如OpenAI的ChatGPT，正在改变这一局面。根据“For over 20 years, Google has been the leading search engine”、“Now, the rise of AI-driven conversational tools”以及句意“全景、局面”可知应填名词landscape，作宾语，故选E。 3．考查动词。句意：这些工具提供了与传统关键字搜索不同的体验，让用户参与到类似人类的对话中，而不仅仅是显示一个链接列表。根据“a list of links”以及句意“显示”可知应填动词present，作宾语用动名词形式。故选H。 4．考查动词。句意：ChatGPT可以处理各种各样的问题，包括复杂或微妙的问题，通过采用与用户联系的对话语气。根据“a conversational tone that connects with users”以及句意“采用”可知应填动词employ，作介词的宾语用动名词形式。故选B。 5．考查名词。句意：它的吸引力在于它能够理解上下文，能够提出后续问题并深入探讨主题。根据“enabling follow-up questions and a deeper”以及句意“潜入，深入”可知应填名词dive，故选A。 6．考查动词。句意：为了应对这一趋势，科技巨头们正在重新思考搜索的未来。根据“Responding to this trend”以及句意“重新思考”可知应填动词rethink，根据上文are可知为现在进行时，用现在分词形式。故选K。 7．考查动词。句意：随着这些人工智能驱动的工具的发展，它们挑战了传统的搜索模式。根据“they challenge the traditional search model.”以及句意“进步，前进”可知应填动词progress，一般现在时，复数形式，故选I。 8．考查副词。句意：与使用预设算法匹配关键字的标准引擎不同，对话式人工智能的反应更自然。根据“Unlike standard engines that use pre-set algorithms to match keywords”以及句意“自然”可知应填副词naturally作状语，修饰动词respond。故选G。 9．考查副词。句意：这种先进的技术标志着搜索领域的一个转折点，在搜索领域，仅仅提供信息是不够的。根据“providing information isn’t enough”以及句意“仅仅”可知应填副词merely作状语，修饰动词provide。故选F。 10．考查形容词。句意：用户现在寻求更具互动性和响应性的体验，而对话式人工智能可能是满足这一需求的答案。根据“interactive”以及句意“响应性的”可知应填形容词responsive作定语，修饰名词experience。故选J。 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．assume  B．attained  C． correspondingly  D．demonstrations  E. severely  F. exposed G. justifications  H. packed  I. practice  J. substantial  K. vehicle Could you learn physics in foreign languages? Learning both a language and a subject like physics simultaneously might seem overwhelming, but that’s the idea behind CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), a methodology gaining popularity since its introduction in Europe in the 1990s. One of its main 1 was efficiency: if languages could be picked up through exposure in other subject lessons, pressure on 2 timetables would be reduced. Of course, CLIL brings many challenges for teachers who are required to make 3 adjustments to the way they teach. For language teachers, there is a near-complete reversal of what they are accustomed to: while in a traditional language course, texts are constructed primarily as a 4 for the language points they want to teach, in CLIL the language emerges somewhat randomly from the subject content. Conversely, subject teachers can no longer talk about their subjects to their students and 5 they will understand everything. They will almost certainly need to adapt by relying less on language and more on 6 or experiments to convey information. There is also a good deal of fear to overcome. Subject teachers may have 7 only low levels of language skills and therefore lack confidence in teaching in a foreign language, while a language teacher’s initial reaction to the idea of teaching maths will often be one of horror! Solutions to these problems will vary according to the setting in which teachers work. Good CLIL teaching materials are increasingly available, while many schools 8 a cooperative approach, with language and subject teachers negotiating both the balance between language and content, and the ways in which their different teaching styles can be brought together in a successful lesson. Does CLIL work? Research suggests it does. Like the elite Roman children who were educated in Greek, students 9 to CLIL often achieve good results, even in mixed-ability classes. It could be that the concentration required to understand the language means that the subject information is 10 well absorbed. 【答案】 1．G 2．H 3．J 4．K 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．I 9．F 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以用外语学习物理为例，介绍了CLIL（内容与语言整合教学法）通过在其他学科课程中学习语言来提高效率，尽管给教师带来挑战，但研究表明，这种方法能帮助学生取得好成绩。 1．考查名词。句意：其主要理由之一是效率：如果可以通过接触其他学科课程来学习语言，那么紧凑的时间表上的压力就会减少。空处作of的宾语，被its main修饰，结合“was efficiency”可推知，G项justifications“正当理由，合理解释”符合题意，为可数名词复数形式，构成“one of+可数名词复数”的结构，意为“……之一”，表示“主要理由之一是效率”。故选G。 2．考查形容词。句意：其主要理由之一是效率：如果可以通过接触其他学科课程来学习语言，那么紧凑的时间表上的压力就会减少。空处作修饰timetables的定语，结合“would be reduced”可推知，H项packed“非常拥挤的”符合题意，表示“紧凑的时间表上的压力就会减少”。故选H。 3．考查形容词。句意：当然，CLIL给教师带来了许多挑战，他们需要对教学方式做出实质性的调整。空处作修饰adjustments的定语，结合下一句中“For language teachers, there is a near-complete reversal of what they are accustomed to”可推知，J项substantial“实质性的”符合题意，表示“做出实质性的调整”。故选J。 4．考查名词。句意：对于语言教师来说，他们所习惯的几乎完全相反：在传统的语言课程中，文本主要是作为他们想要教授的语言点的载体，而在CLIL中，语言从主题内容中随机出现。空处作as的宾语，空前有不定冠词a，结合“for the language points they want to teach”可推知，K项vehicle“载体”符合题意，为可数名词单数形式，表示“文本主要是作为他们想要教授的语言点的载体”。故选K。 5．考查动词。句意：相反，学科教师不能再向学生谈论他们的学科，并认为他们会理解一切。空处作谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语teachers是复数名词，结合“they will understand everything”可推知，A项assume“认为”符合题意，表示“认为他们会理解一切”。故选A。 6．考查名词。句意：他们几乎肯定需要减少对语言的依赖，更多地依靠演示或实验来传达信息。空处和experiments并列，作on的宾语，结合“to convey information”可推知，D项demonstrations“演示”符合题意，表示“更多地依靠演示或实验来传达信息”。故选D。 7．考查动词。句意：学科教师可能只有较低的语言技能水平，因此缺乏用外语教学的信心，而语言教师对教数学的最初反应往往是恐惧！空处构成谓语，空前有may have，表推测，结合“only low levels of language skills”可推知，B项attained“获得”符合题意，表示“可能只有较低的语言技能水平”。故选B。 8．考查动词。句意：好的CLIL教材越来越多，而许多学校实行合作的方法，语言和学科教师协商语言和内容之间的平衡，以及如何将他们不同的教学风格结合在一起，从而成功地上一节课。空处作谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语schools是复数名词，结合“a cooperative approach”可推知，I项practice“实行”符合题意，表示“实行合作的方法”。故选I。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：就像用希腊语接受教育的罗马精英儿童一样，接触CLIL的学生经常取得好成绩，即使在混合能力的班级里也是如此。句子已有谓语achieve，空处是非谓语，作修饰students的后置定语，结合“to CLIL”可推知，F项exposed“接触”符合题意，短语be exposed to意为“接触到”，表示“接触CLIL的学生经常取得好成绩”。故选F。 10．考查副词。句意：这可能是因为理解语言所需的专注力意味着主题信息被相应地很好地吸收了。空处作状语，结合“the concentration required to understand the language”可推知，C项correspondingly“相应地”符合题意，表示“主题信息被相应地很好地吸收”。故选C。 （24-25高三上·上海宝山·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．unreasonable  B．practically   C． frequently  D．conducted   E. maintain   F. evaluate G. activate      H. increased     I. connection  J. outstanding  K. description Developing an original and creative idea requires that two completely different networks in the brain work at the same time: the associative network alongside the more “conservative (保守的)” network, according to new research 1 at the University of Haifa. The researchers 2 that “creative thinking apparently requires ‘checks and balances’.” According to the researchers, creativity is our ability to think in new ways to solve problems. But not every original solution is considered a creative one. If the idea is not fully applicable, it is not considered creative, but simply one which is 3 . The researchers assumed that for a creative idea to be produced, the brain must 4 a number of different and perhaps even contradictory (矛盾的) networks. In the first part of the research, respondents were given half a minute to come up with a new, original and unexpected idea for the use of different objects. Answers provided with low frequency received a high score for originality, while those given 5 received a low score. In the second part, respondents were asked to give, within half a minute, their best characteristic 266 of the objects. During the tests, all subjects were scanned using an FMRI device to examine their brain activity while providing the answer. The researchers found 6 brain activity in an “associative” region among participants whose originality was high. This region, which includes the medial brain areas, mainly works in the background when a person is not concentrating, similar to daydreaming. But the researchers found that this region did not operate alone when an original answer was given. For the answer to be original, an additional region worked in cooperation with the associative region — the administrative control region, a more “conservative” region related to social norms and rules. The researchers also found that the stronger the 7 , the better these regions work together in parallel, the greater the level of originality of the answer. “On the one hand, there is surely a need for a region that produces innovative ideas, but on the other hand, there is also the need for one that will know to 8 how applicable and reasonable these ideas are. The ability of the brain to operate these two regions in parallel is what results in creativity. It is possible that the most 9 creations of humanity were produced by people who had an especially strong connection between the two regions,” the researchers concluded. 【答案】 1．D 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．C 6．K 7．H 8．I 9．F 10．J 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据海法大学的一项新研究，要想产生一个原创的创意，需要大脑中两个完全不同的网络同时工作：联想网络和更“保守”的网络。文章介绍了这两个网络是如何运作的。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据海法大学进行的一项新研究，发展一个原创和创造性的想法需要大脑中两个完全不同的网络同时工作：联想网络和更“保守”的网络。根据句意和空格前的名词research可知，空格处应该填入一个非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的research，且意义为“进行”，所以，过去分词conducted“实施，进行”填入空格处，符合语境。故选D项。 2．考查动词。句意：研究人员认为，“创造性思维显然需要‘制衡’。”根据空格后的that从句可知，空格处应该填入一个及物动词作谓语，且意义为“坚持认为”，所以，动词maintain“坚持说；坚持认为”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E项。 3．考查形容词。句意：如果一个想法不完全适用，就不被认为是创造性的，而只是一个不合理的想法。根据句意和空格前的is可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，且意义为“不合理的”，所以，形容词unreasonable填入空格处，符合语境。故选A项。 4．考查动词。句意：研究人员认为，为了产生一个创造性的想法，大脑必须激活许多不同的，甚至可能是相互矛盾的网络。根据句意和空格前的must可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，且意义为“激活”，所以，动词activate填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 5．考查副词。句意：频率较低的答案在原创性方面得分较高，而频率较高的答案得分较低。根据句意和空格前的动词given可知，空格处应该填入一个副词作状语，修饰前面的given，且意义为“频繁地”，所以，副词frequently填入空格处，符合语境。故选C项。 6．考查名词。句意：在第二部分，受访者被要求在半分钟内给出他们对物品的最佳特征描述。根据句意和句中的动词give可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作动词give的宾语，且意义为“描述”，所以，名词description填入空格处，符合语境。故选K项。 7．考查动词。句意：研究人员发现，独创性高的参与者大脑中“联想”区域的活动增加。根据句意和空格后brain activity可知，空格处应该用非谓语动词或形容词作定语，修饰后面的brain activity，且意义为“增加”，所以过去分词increased填入空格处，符合语境。故选H项。 8．考查名词。句意：研究人员还发现，连接越强，这些区域协同工作得越好，答案的独创性就越高。根据句意和空格前的the可知，空格处应该用名词作主语，且意义为“联系，连接”，所以，名词connection填入空格处，符合语境。故选I项。 9．考查动词。句意：一方面，肯定需要一个产生创新想法的地区，但另一方面，也需要一个知道如何评估这些想法的适用性和合理性的地区。根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入动词原形，且意义为“评估”，所以，动词evaluate填入空格处，符合语境。故选F项。 10．考查形容词。句意：人类最杰出的创造可能是由在这两个地区之间有着特别紧密联系的人创造的。根据句意和空格前的the most以及空格后的名词creations可知，空格处应该用形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词，且意义为“杰出的”，所以形容词outstanding填入空格处，符合语境。故选J项。 （24-25高三上·上海·阶段练习）选词填空 A．adoptable    B．searches    C． drops    D．Excess    E. swelling    F. irritated G. complications    H. sensitivity    I. rapidly     J. Transitioning     K. gradually Historical Google Trend data from the previous 5 years shows that 271 for ‘seasonal affective disorder’ spike from the end of October to mid-January. Here, Specs-cart reveals the impact the colder months has on the skin, mind and body and 272 ways to safeguard your health. Eye During the winter season, various eye issues can arise due to harsh weather conditions. 273 tearing and watery eyes, often caused by cold air and city winds can lead to eye redness and inflammation. This can often be due to dry eyes from the combination of entering exiting the cold weather and rooms that have been heated with central heating. Using eye 274 can be effective to help restore normal vision. Wearing sunglasses provides protection against UV rays and helps reduce 275 and can also reduce the impact of strong winds hitting your eyes. If your eyes are red and inflamed (发炎的), applying a cold compress over the eyes can alleviate discomfort and reduce any 276 from entering and exiting different temperatures. Skin As the seasons shift, the cold air brings noticeable effects on our skin, often manifesting first in dry, chapped lips and 277 , cracked skin on exposed areas like hands and fingers. This is due to the low humidity and dry air typically associated with winter weather. Even indoors, heating systems tend to produce equally dry, hot air. Having hot showers, while comforting, can make skin dryness and itchiness worse. 278 from the cold outdoors to warm indoor environments can lead to skin redness and inflammation, as blood vessels 279 adapt to the temperature change for your skin in these dry conditions. To combat the effects, consider incorporating exfoliators (去角质) into your daily skincare routine to eliminate dead skin, and opt for richer creams or facial oils to provide an extra layer of protection. Don’t forget to use a suncream daily, even in poor weather conditions as the sun’s UV rays still penetrate cloud cover. If symptoms persist, consult an optometrist as they can help prevent serious 280 or vision loss if you are severely affected by the colder weather. 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．H 6．E 7．F 8．J 9．I 10．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过引用Google Trend的历史数据，揭示了季节性情感障碍在特定时间段内的搜索量激增现象，并借用Specs-cart平台，详细阐述了寒冷月份对皮肤、心理和身体健康的影响，同时提供了逐步保护健康的方法。 1．考查名词。句意：过去5年的谷歌趋势历史数据显示，从10月底到1月中旬，“季节性情感障碍”的搜索量会激增。本句是that引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以空处应填名词，根据句意，应是search意为“搜索量”符合语境，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故选B项。 2．考查形容词。句意：在这里，Specs-cart揭示了寒冷的月份对皮肤、思想和身体的影响，以及保护你健康的可行方法。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是adoptable意为“可采用的”符合语境。故选A项。 3．考查形容词。句意：冷空气和城市风经常会引起过度流泪和眼睛水汪汪的情况，这可能导致眼睛发红和发炎。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是excess意为“过度的”符合语境，位于句首，首字母应大写。故选D项。 4．考查名词。句意：使用眼药水可以有效地帮助恢复正常视力。本句using后缺少宾语，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，此处应是drops，和eye构成名词短语：eye drops意为“眼药水”符合语境。故选C项。 5．考查名词。句意：戴太阳镜可以防止紫外线，帮助降低敏感度，还可以减少强风对眼睛的影响。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是sensitivity意为“敏感”符合语境。故选H项。 6．考查名词。句意：如果你的眼睛红肿，在眼睛上敷冷敷可以减轻不适，减少因进出不同温度而产生的肿胀。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是swelling意为“肿胀”符合语境。故选E项。 7．考查形容词。句意：随着季节的变换，冷空气会对我们的皮肤产生明显的影响，通常首先表现为嘴唇干燥、皲裂，手和手指等暴露部位的皮肤受到刺激、皲裂。空后是名词，所以空处应是和cracked并列，应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是irritated意为“刺激性的”符合语境。故选F项。 8．考查动名词。句意：从寒冷的室外环境过渡到温暖的室内环境会导致皮肤发红和炎症，因为血管会迅速适应皮肤在干燥条件下的温度变化。本句缺少主语，应填名词作主语，根据句意，应是transition意为“过渡”符合语境，此处用动名词形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故选J项。 9．考查副词。句意：从寒冷的室外环境过渡到温暖的室内环境会导致皮肤发红和炎症，因为血管会迅速适应皮肤在干燥条件下的温度变化。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰，根据句意，应是rapidly意为“迅速地”符合语境。故选I项。 10．考查名词。句意：如果症状持续，请咨询验光师，因为如果你受到寒冷天气的严重影响，他们可以帮助防止严重的并发症或视力丧失。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是complication意为“并发症”符合语境，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故选G项。 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．adaptation    B．engaging    C． fancy    D．happens    E. reliable    F. restrict G. responsible    H. scan    I. spot    J. surprise    K. updates How to Find a Shooting Star “It’s all about just looking up at the sky,” says Hakeem Oluseyi, author of A Quant Life: My Unlikely Journey from the Streets to the Stars. “The question is, are you noticing it?” You don’t need 1 equipment; the naked eye is best. “Typically, any technical equipment that you use is going to 2 your field of view,” Oluseyi says. Get away from city light—“the darker, the better,” he says—and find a place with as much visible sky as possible, like a(n) 3 in the mountains or desert. Close your eyes for a few minutes, to speed up their 4 to the dark. “If you have to have lights,” Oluseyi says, “they should be red lights.” What we call shooting stars are parts from comets and asteroids (彗星和小行星) that can be seen year-round. But many more shooting stars are visible when the earth passes through debris (碎片)fields at the same time every year. “We call those meteor showers,” Oluseyi says. The Perseids and Leonid (英仙座和狮子座) are typically the most 5 , in August and November. During other times of year, check the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Space Weather Prediction Center for 6 “It’s just like taking a fishing trip: You check the weather first because you’d want to know what’s happening in the sky before you go,” Oluseyi says. Check the earth weather in advance too. Even in clear skies, it can take a while, sometimes a few hours, before you see what you want, so go with friends to make the long outings more 7 . You don’t have to limit yourself to waiting for only shooting stars. Indeed, sometimes it helps to 8 for other things. “You can look for satellites and double stars,” Oluseyi says. “You can try to find Andromeda. Every time I go somewhere new, all over the earth, I gotta see what the night sky looks like from where I am.” Look up and let the shooting stars 9 you: “Suddenly you see something out of the corner of your eye and you turn your head and this bright, like ‘Woo’ thing 10 .” 【答案】 1．C 2．F 3．I 4．A 5．B 6．K 7．E 8．H 9．J 10．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了如何观赏流星。 1．考查形容词。句意：观赏流星不需要任何复杂的设备，肉眼观察最为理想。根据下文“the naked eye is best”以及下文的“any technical equipment”可推断，裸眼是最好的，因此推断不需要特殊设备，fancy意为“复杂的”，符合语境，形容词作定语，修饰equipment，故选C。 2．考查动词。句意：通常，使用的技术设备会限制你的视野。根据下文“the naked eye is best”可推断，裸眼是最好的，且此处用动词与is going to构成一般将来时，因此推断restrict意为“限制”符合语境。故选F。 3．考查名词。句意：尽量远离城市的光污染——“越暗越好”，他建议——寻找一个尽可能开阔的地方，比如山区或沙漠这种场所。根据上文“the naked eye is best”可推断，裸眼是最好的，因此推断不需要特殊设备，介词后用名词作宾语，spot意为“地点；场所”，符合语境，故选I。 4．考查名词。句意：闭上眼睛几分钟，让眼睛更快适应黑暗。根据上文“Close your eyes for a few minutes”可推断，闭上眼睛是为了更快适应黑暗，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，作宾语，adaptation意为“适应”，符合语境，故选A。 5．考查形容词。句意：英仙座和狮子座流星雨通常是最为迷人的两场，分别在八月和十一月出现。根据上文“The Perseids and Leonid (英仙座和狮子座) are typically the most”可推断，这两次流星雨是最吸引人，由are可知，此处用形容词作表语，engaging意为“吸引人的；迷人的”，符合语境，故选B。 6．考查名词。句意：在其他时间，你可以查看国家海洋和大气管理局的空间天气预报中心，以获取流星雨的最新信息。根据前文“check the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Space Weather Prediction Center for”可推断可以查看空间天气预报来寻求最新信息，介词后用名词作宾，update意为“最新信息”，符合语境，故选K。 7．考查形容词。句意：即使在晴朗的天空中，也可能需要一段时间，有时甚至几小时，你才能看到你想看到的东西，所以和朋友一起去，让漫长的户外活动更加有趣。根据前文“go with friends to make the long outings”可推断，和朋友去是为了让漫长的户外活动更加可靠，此处作宾语补足语，用形容词reliable意为“可靠的”，符合语境。故选E。 8．考查动词。句意：实际上，有时寻找其他天体会有所帮助。根据下文“You can look for satellites and double stars”可推断，此处表示寻找其他东西，to后用动词原形，scan for“搜寻；寻找”符合语境，故选H。 9．考查动词。句意：抬头寻找流星，让流星让你惊奇：……。根据前文“Look up and let the shooting stars”可推断，此处表示抬头向上看，让流星能够发现你，let后用不带to不定式作宾语补足语，动词surprise意为“使吃惊”，符合语境，故选J。 10．考查动词。句意：突然你从眼角看到一些东西，你转过头，这个明亮的东西，就“哇”的一声出现了。根据下文“Suddenly you see something out of the corner of your eye”可推断，你会突然看到流星，流星出现了，此处用动词作谓语，happen“发生；出现”符合 语境，故选D。 （24-25高三上·上海闵行·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．consequences  B．raising  C． standards  D．minimum  E. addressing  F. perspective  G. mental  H. alternatives  I. bars  J. charged  K. dismissed In Australia a child as young as 10 can be arrested, 1 , brought before a court and jailed. The minimum criminal age varies worldwide but Australia’s is low compared to most European nations, for instance. Germany, for one, sets the age of criminal responsibility at 14, while the age is 16 in Portugal and 18 in Luxembourg. England and Wales also set a minimum criminal age of 10, but like Australia they fall short of UN 2 . In 2019 the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child recommended all countries increase the 3 age of criminal responsibility to at least 14 years. Experts say a low criminal age is at odds with research. Legal groups have long said locking up children doesn’t reduce crime and that young people draw into the criminal justice system are more likely to face a future behind 4 . The countries medical establishment has also taken a clear position, supporting raising the age of criminal responsibility from a health 5 . They warn of the damaging affects of incarcerating vulnerable children, arguing they should be supported with healthcare, not treated as criminals. There are many 6 to jail, say campaigners. Native groups are calling for community-led services that draw on their knowledge to interfere early with vulnerable groups. The Law Council of Australia has spoken of 7 the underlying causes of criminal behaviour such as a lack of housing. And the Royal Australasian Colege of Physicians has said the focus should be on better services, such as in 8 health, to support children and parents who may face drug or alcohol issues. “Locking up children doesn’t keep kids or the community any safer, and has lifelong damaging 9 for a child’s health and development,” said Cheryl Axleby, co-chair of Change the Record. Chris Cunneen, a professor of criminology at the University of Technology Sydney, ended his recent argument for raising the age in The Conversation with this thought: “At a time when there is so much attention on the need to end the racism in our justice system, 10 the age of criminal responsibility is more important than ever.” 【答案】 1．J 2．C 3．D 4．I 5．F 6．H 7．E 8．G 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了澳大利亚最低刑事责任年龄相对较低的问题，并与其他国家进行了对比。 1．考查动词。句意：在澳大利亚，一个10岁的孩子就可以被逮捕、起诉、带到法庭并入狱。根据后文的and可知，空处和arrested、brought以及jailed并列，所以空处应填动词的过去分词，根据句意，应是charged意为“控告”符合语境。故选J项。 2．考查名词。句意：英格兰和威尔士也规定了最低犯罪年龄为10岁，但与澳大利亚一样，他们没有达到联合国的标准。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据“set a minimum criminal age of 10”，应是standard和UN构成名词短语：UN standard意为“联合国的标准”，此处用复数形式。故填C项。 3．考查形容词。句意：2019年，联合国儿童权利委员会建议所有国家将最低刑事责任年龄提高到至少14岁。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据第二段中“The minimum criminal age”和语境可知，本文是讨论最低犯罪年龄，应是minimum意为“最低的”符合语境。故选D项。 4．考查名词。句意：法律团体长期以来一直表示，把儿童关起来并不能减少犯罪，而且被纳入刑事司法体系的年轻人更有可能面临入狱的未来。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是bars构成固定搭配：behind bars意为“在狱中，被监禁”符合语境。故选I项。 5．考查名词。句意：该国的医疗机构也采取了明确的立场，从健康的角度支持提高刑事责任年龄。空前是不定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，此处应是perspective，和health构成短语：health perspective意为“健康角度”符合语境。故选F项。 6．考查名词。句意：活动人士说，除了坐牢，还有很多其他选择。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据下文“Native groups are calling for community-led services that draw on their knowledge to interfere early with vulnerable groups.(当地群体正在呼吁社区主导的服务，利用他们的知识及早干预弱势群体)”，应是alternatives意为“可供选择的事物”符合语境。故选H项。 7．考查动名词。句意：澳大利亚法律委员会谈到了解决诸如缺乏住房等犯罪行为的根本原因。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据“the underlying causes”，应是address意为“解决”符合语境，此处用动名词形式。故选E项。 8．考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚皇家内科医学院表示，重点应该放在更好的服务上，比如在心理健康方面，为可能面临毒品或酒精问题的儿童和父母提供支持。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是mental意为“精神的”符合语境。故选G项。 9．考查名词。句意：“把孩子关起来并不能让孩子或社区更安全，而且会对孩子的健康和发展造成终身的伤害，”Change the Record的联合主席Cheryl Axleby说。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是consequence意为“后果”符合语境，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故选A项。 10．考查动词。句意：悉尼科技大学犯罪学教授Chris Cunneen最近在《对话》中提出了提高刑事责任年龄的观点，他的结束语是：“在人们如此关注终结司法体系中的种族主义的必要性之际，提高刑事责任年龄比以往任何时候都更加重要。”根据句意，此处应是raise意为“提高”符合语境，本句已有谓语动词is，所以raise用非谓语形式，本句缺少主语，用动名词形式。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 选词填空15篇(上海市高考模拟) 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．blocked   B．extended   C． approval   D．extracted   E. dispose F. compromises  G. inflating   H. counted   I. bedrock   J. grant K. available In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant into his jaw nine teeth, which have been 1 from the mouths of his slaves. That’s far different image from the cherry tree chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made 2 in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral 3 made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong and yet most did little to fight it. More than anything, the historians say, the founders were 4 by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic 5 of the country they helped to create. For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,” says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that 6 a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation. And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifth formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by 7 the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson 8 slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states. Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children — though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to 9 his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative 10 in Virginia. （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．assume B．exclusive C． handful D．influentially E. journey F. majority G. original H. precisely I. stage J. transform K. uplifting The myth of ‘going viral (病毒的)’ on the Internet The internet is supposedly a hive (蜂巢) of virality. When we see a Weibo post with 10,000 shares or a Tiktok video with 5 million views, we 1 this popularity is driven by trillions of shares, like infected individuals passing along the flu. Do popular ideas and products really go “viral”? For a long time, nobody could be sure. It was hard to 2 track word-of-mouth messages. But online, scientists can actually follow the 3 of a piece of information as it travels around the Internet. In 2012, researchers from Yahoo studied the spread of messages on a social network. Their conclusion: nothing really ever goes viral. More than 90% of the messages didn’t spread at all. The vast 4 of the news that people see on the social network — around 95% — comes directly from its 5 source or from one degree of separation. Popularity on the Internet is still driven by the biggest broadcasts — not by a million 1-to-1 shares, but rather by a(n) 6 of 1-to-1 million shares. Such broadcasts used to be 7 to big broadcast companies, like TV channels and FM stations. Now there are new hot points on the Internet, like a top star’s post. We want to believe the viral myth because it’s 8 . It promises small-time writers, photographers and videographers that a moment’s inspiration can 9 into sudden fame. It holds up the Internet as a perfect 10 for grassroots, where anybody can become a star if they make something good enough. In the end, virality is a myth covering up the fact that the Internet is still run by Goliaths (巨人歌利亚). （2025·上海嘉定·一模）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access     B．ended     C． exchanged     D．increased     E. mirrored     F. narrow G. non-judgmentally     H. non-productively    I. shame     J. stranger     K. understood For Those in Crisis, a Friend to Text “A 19-year-old woman wrote to me in a text message, saying she was feeling hopeless and beginning to give up on life. . . . ” Aaron, a veteran (老兵) , has himself suffered from the similar stress and depression. He 1 the feeling. For the past year, Aaron has been volunteering with the Crisis Text Line (CTL), a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline can 2 through the number 741741. The line currently has 1, 500 volunteer Crisis Consultants across the country and has 3 more than 19 million texts — 50,000 messages a day. As he had been instructed, Aaron “listened” openly and 4 to the young woman. He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems. Mostly, his messages 5 back what he’d heard from her, occasionally emphasizing a strength that he’d noticed — like the fact that she’d taken this step to help herself even in the middle of her depression. “A lot of people feel extremely lonely,” he says. “Sometimes it takes a(n) 6 , not a close friend, to say, ‘Hey, you’ve been through a lot, but you’ve been helping yourself. If you can do that, you can do more. ’ Many people reply, ‘I’ve never thought about it that way.’” The goal of a crisis line, explains Nancy Lublin, who runs the CTL, is 7 . It’s not treatment; it’s meant to bring people from “a moment of hot to a moment of cool, ” so consultants can suggest ways the texter can move to a place of 8 safety. Researchers are excited about the text line. “Teens have been reluctant to use crisis services,” observes Anthony Pisani. “The CTL offers a layer of protection from the 9 of expressing your weaknesses.” As for the woman with whom Aaron was communicating, the opportunity to share her feelings with a kind stranger appeared to help. “She said she couldn't remember the last time anyone had told her they believed in her,” Aaron recalls. She 10 the conversation the way people often do, by texting, “Thanks for listening.” （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．digital B．initiative C． considerable D．safeguard E. cutting-edge F. access G. strictly H. weathered I. ever-present J. towers K. comprehensive AI goes ancient to preserve thousand-year-old Chinese pagoda In the heart of China’s Shanxi Province stands a remarkable testament to human ingenuity and resilience: the Yingxian Wooden Pagoda. Nearly a thousand years old, this architectural marvel has 1 the ravages of time, surviving the chaos of wars and the fury of natural disasters. Standing 67 meters high, the structure - also called the Sakyamuni Pagoda of the Fogong Temple - 2 above the surrounding landscape, multi-tiered wooden roofs offering a striking contrast to the rolling hills and smaller buildings that dot the region. Even with its staggering resilience, the pagoda is showing its 3 age. Built in 1056 and recognized by UNESCO as the world’s oldest and tallest entirely wooden structure, the Yingxian pagoda faces the inevitable effects of time: weathering, structural fatigue, and the 4 threat of wood decay. In fact, it is no longer accessible to tourists who would otherwise leap at the chance to step back in time. Now, the pagoda’s unparalleled value to shared world heritage has inspired a revolutionary effort to preserve it for future generations. Lenovo, the global technology leader, will 5 this ancient treasure using groundbreaking artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In collaboration with Tsinghua University’s School of Architecture, Lenovo launched the “Smart Yingxian Pagoda” project to create a 6 twin of the pagoda that captures every exquisite detail of its architecture, from intricate wood grains to subtle imperfections in statues. This AI-powered replication is much more than just a high-fidelity virtual model - the interactive, navigable experience democratizes 7 to the pagoda’s splendor, allowing people from around the world to explore and study its ancient halls. Moreover, it accelerates ongoing restorative efforts and ensures they 8 adhere to the original style, preserving the pagoda’s historical integrity. “AI for cultural heritage is about using 9 technology to reach back a thousand years to preserve these wonders for the future,” said Shijie Mao, Lenovo vice president and director of research in Shanghai “We relentlessly pursue innovation and transformation, especially in the era of AI, but always with an eye on our communities and human experiences. This 10 embodies our commitment to smarter AI for all.” Looking ahead, Lenovo is exploring involvement in similar heritage preservation projects globally, welcoming more opportunities for collaboration. （24-25高三上·上海宝山·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only by used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．invasion   B．combinations   C． attitudes   D．uniqueness   E. revealed F. statistical   G. inspired   H. normally   I. definitely   J opposite   K. accounted Better think twice before choosing a password for email, online bank accounts and airline tickets. Passwords that show no imagination or 1 are easy prey (猎物) for information pirates, a new US study says. A 2 analysis of 28,000 passwords recently stolen from a popular US website and posted on the Internet 3 that people often do the easy thing. It found that 16 percent took a first name as a password, 4 their own or one of their children, according to the study released by Information Week. Another 14 percent relied on the easiest 5 , such as ‘1234ab’ or ‘12345678abc’. For those using English keyboards, OWERTY’ was popular. Likewise, ‘AZERTY’ scored with people with European keyboards. Five percent of the stolen passwords were names of television shows or stars popular with young people like ‘hannah, 6 by singer Hannah Montana. ‘Pokemon,’ ‘Matrix,’ and ‘Ironman’ were others. The word ‘password,’ or easy to guess variations like ‘password 1’, 7 for 4 percent, while 3 percent of the passwords expressed 8 like ‘I don’t care,’ ‘Whatever,’ ‘Yes’ or ‘No’. There were sentimental choices —‘I love you’ — and their 9 — ‘I hate you.’ Robert Graham, of the company Errata Security, which did the analysis and published the conclusions, advises that to better protect against cyber 10 we should choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter and one symbol. （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．traps  B．creatures  C． supply  D．approaching  E. acquiring  F. delicately G. potential  H. experimentally  I. wandering  J. attracted  K. capture Brazilian ants build an unusual pitfall (陷阱) for bugs. Fallen feathers may appear harmless, but bugs in tropical Brazilian savannas (热带稀数草原) should think twice about 1 them. New research suggests Pheidole oxyops ants (氧化蚁) sometimes place feathers around their underground nest’s single entrance as bait for other 2 , which then tumble in. This behavior is an unusual example of ants using lures or 3 rather than actively hunting down their prey. Inácio Gomes, an ecologist at the Federal University of Viosa in Brazil, had never seen any description in scientific studies of ants building traps. He first noticed feathers around ant nest entrances in city parks and on his college campus, and he found two hypotheses in scientific literature: the feathers could collect morning dew in dry areas, or they could act as lures. Gomes is lead author on an August study in Ecological Entomology that 4 tested both ideas. The researchers provided a ready 5 of wet cotton balls but found the ants still collected feathers, suggesting they were not being used for water. And the team found that artificial traps with feathers around them captured more 6 arthropods than those without. Gomes says that once prey such as mites, springtails or other species of ants fall in, the nest entrance’s soft walls make it hard for them to climb out, and the inhabitants quickly subdue them. Helen McCreery, a biologist at Harvard University, who was not involved in Gomes’s research, says the study is “really cool” and well done. “It’s a very charismatic, conspicuous behavior,” McCreery adds. “There are certainly very few examples of ants 7 food without leaving their nest.” McCreery wonders why preys are 8 to the feathers in the first place; Gomes suggests smell and shape are 9 draws. “In general, soil insects are very curious—that’s why pitfall traps are so effective,” Gomes says. Scientists use similar traps to 10 wild specimens. Pheidole oxyops forage alone or in groups like other ant species--Gomes once saw them take down a praying mantis but he said they most likely supplement hunting with the feather traps to get through long dry seasons with scarcer prey. （24-25高三上·上海闵行·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．angered  B．collection  C． connection  D．demanding  E. dismissal  F. lasting  G. pessimism  H. reputation  I. unconventional  J. underachieving  K. united Stepney Words Chris Searle’s journey as a teacher at Sir John Cass Secondary School in Stepney, East London, began in 1970. He was driven by a strong 1 to the area and a progressive vision for education. Having completed a postgraduate thesis (论文) on Isaac Rosenberg, a poet from the East End, Searle saw Stepney as a place filled with potential, in spite of its 2 as a hopeless community. He believed that education, particularly through poetry, could transform the lives of his students, many of whom came from low-income, high-risk backgrounds. Searle’s 3 approach conflicted with the traditional views of the school’s governors and teachers. At a time when discipline was harsh and students were often regarded as troublemakers, Searle viewed these 4 teenagers as individuals with untapped potential. He believed that poetry could unlock their creativity and help them express their experiences, offering them a sense of hope and purpose. His belief in poetry’s power materialized in the creation of Stepney Words, a collection of his students’ poems. Despite the 5   from some staff who thought his methods too liberal, the poems gained attention, and some of them were even published in The Sun newspaper by March 1971. The 6 gave the students a voice, but it also drew criticism from school officials who thought the poems were “too gloomy.” Searle’s progressive ideals led to his 7 from the school. However, his students, 218 by the decision, organized a protest led by 16-year-old Zenaida de la Cruz. The entire school quickly 8 , standing together with Searle. On his return to the school, he found 800 students standing outside the gates in the rain, showing their support. Though the government eventually allowed him to return, he decided to leave the school in 1974. His commitment to education did not end there — he continued to teach around the world and published his own poetry, leaving behind a(n) 9 impact of optimism, innovation, and faith in the power of education to bring about change. （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．considered     B．distant      C． existence        D．travelling E. atmosphere     F. host        G. excitingly       H. classed I. persistence      J. similar       K. frequently New Planet Could Hold Life Many scientists have now stopped asking if there is life on other planets — instead, they’re just trying to work out where it is. Now, researchers think they have found a possible location, a 1 planet given the catchy name of TOI-715 b. TOI-715 b was discovered by TESS, a telescope owned by the US space agency NASA．The planet is 2 as a super-Earth, although this just means it’s bigger than Earth but smaller than ice giants such as Neptune (海王星) or Uranus (天王星). It lies 137 light years away from our planet. This means that if you were 3 at the speed of light (186,000 miles per second), it would take you 137 years to reach it. This may seem like a very long way away, but because the universe is so huge it’s 4 quite close. The newly discovered planet is about one and a half times as wide as Earth and is moving around a type of star called a red dwarf. The distance between this star and TOI-715 b is much shorter than that between Earth and the Sun but because red dwarfs are smaller and cooler than our Sun, it could be a(n) 5 temperature to Earth. This means that TOI-715 b could perhaps be the right temperature to 6 liquid water, and scientists believe that this is essential to the 7 of life (at least in the form that humans know it). Just like Earth, the planet is not too hot or too cold. However, the possibility of water depends on other factors too, such as the planet’s 8 . Astronomers are planning to study TOI-715 b closer using NASA’s powerful James Webb Space Telescope. Fortunately, the planet only takes 19 days to orbit the star. This means it can be studied more easily, as it 9 moves into the view of telescopes. 10 , there may also be another Earth-sized planet in the same system of planets where TOI-715 b lies, although scientists haven’t been able to confirm it yet. （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box, Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．obsessed  B．evenly  C． initial  D．more  E. effect  F. hiding G. deliberately  H. desired  I resulting  J. undergraduate  K. familiar Physicists concern themselves with problems that are profound. The origins of the universe, the nature of time, the composition of matter. And then, there’s spaghetti (意面). A spaghetti problem has puzzled physicists as famous as Richard Feynman, and has even been awarded an Ig Nobel Prize. At issue: “Why spaghetti doesn’t break into two pieces. Why it breaks into three pieces or 1 ” Ronald Heisser, now a graduate student at Cornell, decided to explore the misbebavior of spaghetti for a(n) 2 math course he took at MIT. Now, you may never have noticed it, but it’s nearly impossible to break a single, dry piece of spaghetti in half. It is claimed that Feynman noodled with the puzzle. And Heisser became similarly 3 with it. "I’m a little bit of a person who 4 behaves in a way that is different from other people. So I thought it would be fun to try and break it into two. No one said you couldn’t do that. They just said why it doesn’t break into two." In fact, the French researchers who were awarded the Ig Nobel prize in 2006 found that when spaghetti is bent 5 from both ends, it will crack near the center, where the stick is most curved. But this 6 break sets up a vibrational wave (震动波) that quickly breaks the stick further. So you get multiple fragments. What Heisser wondered was whether he could somehow get around this vibrational “snapback” (迅速弹回) 7 And he found you have to do the twist. Heisser built a device for torqueing (向...施以扭动力) his spaghetti with precision and he observed the 8 process of breaking into small parts with a high-speed camera. He discovered that introducing a twist of around 360 degrees to the long strand allowed him to produce the 9 single pair of spaghetti pieces. “Although the project was a bit of fun, I think it’s quite nice when you can find interesting physics and math 10 behind every day, sort of boring objects,” said Ronald Heisser. （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．dive  B．employing  C． identical  D．household  E. landscape  F. merely G. naturally  H. presenting  I. progress  J. responsive  K. rethinking The Emergence of AI-Powered Search The search engine world is experiencing a major transformation as conversational AI technology starts to compete with traditional search engines. For over 20 years, Google has been the leading search engine, using its advanced algorithms to provide accurate, relevant answers to users’ questions. This success made Google a(n) 1 name, turning “to Google” into a common phrase and generating billions in advertising income. Now, the rise of AI-driven conversational tools, like OpenAI’s ChatGPT, is changing the 2 . These tools offer a different experience from traditional keyword searches by engaging users in human-like dialogues rather than just 3 a list of links. ChatGPT and similar technologies provide answers in a way that feels more personal and insightful. This technological shift opens up new ways for people to find information online. ChatGPT can handle questions on a wide range of topics, including complex or delicate ones, by 4 a conversational tone that connects with users. Its appeal lies in its ability to understand context, enabling follow-up questions and a deeper 5 into topics. Responding to this trend, tech giants are 6 the future of search. Microsoft, a key investor in OpenAI, is integrating conversational AI into its search engine, Bing. This integration includes a sidebar that summarizes results or provides extra context, creating a more comprehensive search experience. As these AI-driven tools 7 they challenge the traditional search model. Unlike standard engines that use pre-set algorithms to match keywords, conversational AI responds more 8 This trend pushes Google to innovate, encouraging it to enhance its interface and integrate AI into its existing system. Such advancing technology marks a turning point in search, where 9 providing information isn’t enough. Users now look for a more interactive, 10 experience, and conversational AI may be the answer to meeting that need. （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．assume  B．attained  C． correspondingly  D．demonstrations  E. severely  F. exposed G. justifications  H. packed  I. practice  J. substantial  K. vehicle Could you learn physics in foreign languages? Learning both a language and a subject like physics simultaneously might seem overwhelming, but that’s the idea behind CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), a methodology gaining popularity since its introduction in Europe in the 1990s. One of its main 1 was efficiency: if languages could be picked up through exposure in other subject lessons, pressure on 2 timetables would be reduced. Of course, CLIL brings many challenges for teachers who are required to make 3 adjustments to the way they teach. For language teachers, there is a near-complete reversal of what they are accustomed to: while in a traditional language course, texts are constructed primarily as a 4 for the language points they want to teach, in CLIL the language emerges somewhat randomly from the subject content. Conversely, subject teachers can no longer talk about their subjects to their students and 5 they will understand everything. They will almost certainly need to adapt by relying less on language and more on 6 or experiments to convey information. There is also a good deal of fear to overcome. Subject teachers may have 7 only low levels of language skills and therefore lack confidence in teaching in a foreign language, while a language teacher’s initial reaction to the idea of teaching maths will often be one of horror! Solutions to these problems will vary according to the setting in which teachers work. Good CLIL teaching materials are increasingly available, while many schools 8 a cooperative approach, with language and subject teachers negotiating both the balance between language and content, and the ways in which their different teaching styles can be brought together in a successful lesson. Does CLIL work? Research suggests it does. Like the elite Roman children who were educated in Greek, students 9 to CLIL often achieve good results, even in mixed-ability classes. It could be that the concentration required to understand the language means that the subject information is 10 well absorbed. （24-25高三上·上海宝山·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．unreasonable  B．practically   C． frequently  D．conducted   E. maintain   F. evaluate G. activate      H. increased     I. connection  J. outstanding  K. description Developing an original and creative idea requires that two completely different networks in the brain work at the same time: the associative network alongside the more “conservative (保守的)” network, according to new research 1 at the University of Haifa. The researchers 2 that “creative thinking apparently requires ‘checks and balances’.” According to the researchers, creativity is our ability to think in new ways to solve problems. But not every original solution is considered a creative one. If the idea is not fully applicable, it is not considered creative, but simply one which is 3 . The researchers assumed that for a creative idea to be produced, the brain must 4 a number of different and perhaps even contradictory (矛盾的) networks. In the first part of the research, respondents were given half a minute to come up with a new, original and unexpected idea for the use of different objects. Answers provided with low frequency received a high score for originality, while those given 5 received a low score. In the second part, respondents were asked to give, within half a minute, their best characteristic 266 of the objects. During the tests, all subjects were scanned using an FMRI device to examine their brain activity while providing the answer. The researchers found 6 brain activity in an “associative” region among participants whose originality was high. This region, which includes the medial brain areas, mainly works in the background when a person is not concentrating, similar to daydreaming. But the researchers found that this region did not operate alone when an original answer was given. For the answer to be original, an additional region worked in cooperation with the associative region — the administrative control region, a more “conservative” region related to social norms and rules. The researchers also found that the stronger the 7 , the better these regions work together in parallel, the greater the level of originality of the answer. “On the one hand, there is surely a need for a region that produces innovative ideas, but on the other hand, there is also the need for one that will know to 8 how applicable and reasonable these ideas are. The ability of the brain to operate these two regions in parallel is what results in creativity. It is possible that the most 9 creations of humanity were produced by people who had an especially strong connection between the two regions,” the researchers concluded. （24-25高三上·上海·阶段练习）选词填空 A．adoptable    B．searches    C． drops    D．Excess    E. swelling    F. irritated G. complications    H. sensitivity    I. rapidly     J. Transitioning     K. gradually Historical Google Trend data from the previous 5 years shows that 271 for ‘seasonal affective disorder’ spike from the end of October to mid-January. Here, Specs-cart reveals the impact the colder months has on the skin, mind and body and 272 ways to safeguard your health. Eye During the winter season, various eye issues can arise due to harsh weather conditions. 273 tearing and watery eyes, often caused by cold air and city winds can lead to eye redness and inflammation. This can often be due to dry eyes from the combination of entering exiting the cold weather and rooms that have been heated with central heating. Using eye 274 can be effective to help restore normal vision. Wearing sunglasses provides protection against UV rays and helps reduce 275 and can also reduce the impact of strong winds hitting your eyes. If your eyes are red and inflamed (发炎的), applying a cold compress over the eyes can alleviate discomfort and reduce any 276 from entering and exiting different temperatures. Skin As the seasons shift, the cold air brings noticeable effects on our skin, often manifesting first in dry, chapped lips and 277 , cracked skin on exposed areas like hands and fingers. This is due to the low humidity and dry air typically associated with winter weather. Even indoors, heating systems tend to produce equally dry, hot air. Having hot showers, while comforting, can make skin dryness and itchiness worse. 278 from the cold outdoors to warm indoor environments can lead to skin redness and inflammation, as blood vessels 279 adapt to the temperature change for your skin in these dry conditions. To combat the effects, consider incorporating exfoliators (去角质) into your daily skincare routine to eliminate dead skin, and opt for richer creams or facial oils to provide an extra layer of protection. Don’t forget to use a suncream daily, even in poor weather conditions as the sun’s UV rays still penetrate cloud cover. If symptoms persist, consult an optometrist as they can help prevent serious 280 or vision loss if you are severely affected by the colder weather. 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A．adaptation    B．engaging    C． fancy    D．happens    E. reliable    F. restrict G. responsible    H. scan    I. spot    J. surprise    K. updates How to Find a Shooting Star “It’s all about just looking up at the sky,” says Hakeem Oluseyi, author of A Quant Life: My Unlikely Journey from the Streets to the Stars. “The question is, are you noticing it?” You don’t need 1 equipment; the naked eye is best. “Typically, any technical equipment that you use is going to 2 your field of view,” Oluseyi says. Get away from city light—“the darker, the better,” he says—and find a place with as much visible sky as possible, like a(n) 3 in the mountains or desert. Close your eyes for a few minutes, to speed up their 4 to the dark. “If you have to have lights,” Oluseyi says, “they should be red lights.” What we call shooting stars are parts from comets and asteroids (彗星和小行星) that can be seen year-round. But many more shooting stars are visible when the earth passes through debris (碎片)fields at the same time every year. “We call those meteor showers,” Oluseyi says. The Perseids and Leonid (英仙座和狮子座) are typically the most 5 , in August and November. During other times of year, check the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Space Weather Prediction Center for 6 “It’s just like taking a fishing trip: You check the weather first because you’d want to know what’s happening in the sky before you go,” Oluseyi says. Check the earth weather in advance too. Even in clear skies, it can take a while, sometimes a few hours, before you see what you want, so go with friends to make the long outings more 7 . You don’t have to limit yourself to waiting for only shooting stars. Indeed, sometimes it helps to 8 for other things. “You can look for satellites and double stars,” Oluseyi says. “You can try to find Andromeda. Every time I go somewhere new, all over the earth, I gotta see what the night sky looks like from where I am.” Look up and let the shooting stars 9 you: “Suddenly you see something out of the corner of your eye and you turn your head and this bright, like ‘Woo’ thing 10 .” （24-25高三上·上海闵行·期中）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．consequences  B．raising  C． standards  D．minimum  E. addressing  F. perspective  G. mental  H. alternatives  I. bars  J. charged  K. dismissed In Australia a child as young as 10 can be arrested, 1 , brought before a court and jailed. The minimum criminal age varies worldwide but Australia’s is low compared to most European nations, for instance. Germany, for one, sets the age of criminal responsibility at 14, while the age is 16 in Portugal and 18 in Luxembourg. England and Wales also set a minimum criminal age of 10, but like Australia they fall short of UN 2 . In 2019 the UN Committe on the Rights of the Child recommended all countries increase the 3 age of criminal responsibility to at least 14 years. Experts say a low criminal age is at odds with research. Legal groups have long said locking up children doesn’t reduce crime and that young people draw into the criminal justice system are more likely to face a future behind 4 . The countries medical establishment has also taken a clear position, supporting raising the age of criminal responsibility from a health 5 . They warn of the damaging affects of incarcerating vulnerable children, arguing they should be supported with healthcare, not treated as criminals. There are many 6 to jail, say campaigners. Native groups are calling for community-led services that draw on their knowledge to interfere early with vulnerable groups. The Law Council of Australia has spoken of 7 the underlying causes of criminal behaviour such as a lack of housing. And the Royal Australasian Colege of Physicians has said the focus should be on better services, such as in 8 health, to support children and parents who may face drug or alcohol issues. “Locking up children doesn’t keep kids or the community any safer, and has lifelong damaging 9 for a child’s health and development,” said Cheryl Axleby, co-chair of Change the Record. Chris Cunneen, a professor of criminology at the University of Technology Sydney, ended his recent argument for raising the age in The Conversation with this thought: “At a time when there is so much attention on the need to end the racism in our justice system, 10 the age of criminal responsibility is more important than ever.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$