重难点02.动词的语态-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(北京专用)

重难点02 动词的语态 中考英语近年有关语态的考查情况分析 ‌考查维度‌ ‌具体表现‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌趋势分析‌ ‌备考建议‌ ‌高频语态类型‌ ‌被动语态‌为主（尤其‌一般时态的被动‌），占比达较高‌。 2022年单选考查“It’s not allowed ”‌； 2024年阅读理解C篇出现“An experiment was carried out”‌ 被动语态考查频率稳定，且多与‌时态结合‌（如现在完成时被动语态）‌ 强化被动语态结构（‌be+过去分词‌），区分不同时态下的被动形式‌ ‌跨题型渗透‌ 1. ‌完形填空‌：通过上下文逻辑判断被动语态的主语缺失或动作执行者隐去‌ 2. ‌阅读表达‌：要求用被动语态改写句子或总结信息‌ 2024年完形填空中“Serena felt disappointed”需结合后文的“was scared”判断使用被动形式‌； 2022年阅读表达中的“I don’t like being watched by others”‌ 被动语态与‌文体特征‌强相关（如说明文、新闻报道高频使用被动语态）‌ 分类训练不同文体（如科技说明文、历史故事）中被动语态的应用场景‌ ‌综合能力要求‌ 结合‌被动语态‌与‌时态、从句、非谓语动词‌等语法点综合应用‌ 2023年单选将被动语态与宾语从句结合：“because more kinds of flowers are planted every year‌”‌；‌ 复合语法点考查比例上升（如“被动语态+现在完成时”占比在上升）‌ 建立‌语法关联网络‌（如被动语态与定语从句、状语从句的搭配规则）‌ ‌价值导向渗透‌ 通过被动语态传递客观性表述（如科技成果、社会政策等），体现科学性与权威性‌ 2022年写作题要求用被动语态描述“传统礼仪‌should be respected‌”‌ 被动语态与‌社会热点‌（如碳中和、文化遗产保护）结合，强化德育与学科融合‌ 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 ‌中考英语语态重难知识点分析 ‌知识点‌ ‌重难点解析‌ ‌例句‌ ‌易错警示‌ ‌被动语态构成‌ 结构：‌be动词（随主语时态变化）+ 过去分词‌ 例：一般现在时→am/is/are done；现在完成时→have/has been done ① The room ‌is cleaned‌ every day.（房间每天被打扫。） ② The work ‌has been finished‌.（工作已被完成。） 忽略be动词的时态变化（如误写The book was write by him）‌ ‌主动转被动逻辑关系‌ 1. 宾语变主语，主语变by短语（可省略） 2. 双宾语（give/show/tell等）需保留间接宾语或直接宾语作主语 主动句：He gave me a book. 被动句1：I ‌was given‌ a book. 被动句2：A book ‌was given‌ to me. 双宾语转换时遗漏介词（如误写A book was given me）‌ ‌非延续性动词被动语态‌ 非延续性动词（如borrow/open）的被动语态不可与“for+时间段”连用，需转换为延续性状态 × The library ‌has been opened‌ for 3 hours. √ The library ‌has been open‌ for 3 hours. 混淆动词原形与形容词形式（如open（动词）→ open（形容词））‌ ‌含情态动词的被动语态‌ 结构：‌情态动词（can/must/may等）+ be + 过去分词‌ The rules ‌must be obeyed‌.（规则必须被遵守。） 误加to（如The work can be done正确，非can to be done）‌ ‌短语动词的被动语态‌ 短语动词（如look after, turn on）作被动语态时，介词/副词不可省略 主动句：They ‌turned off‌ the lights. 被动句：The lights ‌were turned off‌. 遗漏介词（如误写The problem was looked，应为looked into）‌ ‌主谓一致错误‌ 被动语态中，be动词需与主语人称和数一致 × The apples ‌was eaten‌ by him. √ The apples ‌were eaten‌ by him. 复数主语误用单数be动词（如students is taught）‌ ‌被动语态与时态结合‌ 1. 一般现在时被动（am/is/are done） 2. 现在完成时被动（have/has been done） ① Letters ‌are sent‌ by post.（信件通过邮局寄送。） ② The news ‌has been spread‌.（消息已被传播。） 混淆完成时被动与一般过去时被动（如has been built vs was built）‌ 【易错专攻】 1. ‌被动语态中be动词遗漏‌ ‌【错例】 The letter send by Tom last week. ‌【分析】被动语态需“be动词+过去分词”，句中缺少be动词的过去式形式。 ‌【更正】The letter ‌was sent‌ by Tom last week. ‌【考点】被动语态基本结构完整性。 2. ‌主动语态与被动语态混淆‌ ‌【错例】 The new library builds in 2024. ‌【分析】主语“library”是动作承受者，应用被动语态（is built），而非主动语态。 ‌【更正】The new library ‌was built‌ in 2024. ‌【考点】主语与动词的逻辑关系判断。 3. ‌被动语态时态错误‌ ‌【错例】 The problem is discussed yesterday. ‌【分析】时间状语“yesterday”提示过去时，被动结构应为“was discussed”。 ‌【更正】The problem ‌was discussed‌ yesterday. ‌【考点】时态与语态综合运用。 4. ‌不及物动词误用被动语态‌ ‌【错例】 The accident was occurred at noon. ‌【分析】“occur”为不及物动词，无被动语态，应直接使用主动形式。 ‌【更正】The accident ‌occurred‌ at noon. ‌【考点】及物/不及物动词的被动语态限制。 5. ‌主谓一致错误‌ ‌【错例】 The answers has been checked by the teacher. ‌【分析】主语“answers”为复数，需用“have been checked”保持主谓一致。 ‌【更正】The answers ‌have been checked‌ by the teacher. ‌【考点】被动语态中的单复数一致性。 6. ‌被动语态与系表结构混淆‌ ‌【错例】 The cake was burnt delicious. ‌【分析】“burnt”为过去分词，被动语态需明确动作执行者或语境逻辑。正确表达应说明动作或状态。 ‌【更正】The cake ‌was burnt‌ by my sister.（被动语态） / The cake ‌tastes burnt‌.（系表结构） ‌【考点】过去分词在被动语态与形容词表状态中的区分。 7. ‌情态动词后的被动语态错误‌ ‌【错例】 The task must finish today. ‌【分析】情态动词后需用“be+过去分词”，此处遗漏“be”。 ‌【更正】The task ‌must be finished‌ today. ‌【考点】情态动词与被动语态的组合结构。 8. ‌双宾语动词的被动语态误用‌ ‌【错例】 A gift was given me on my birthday. ‌【分析】双宾语动词（give sb. sth.）在被动语态中应保留间接宾语：“I was given a gift”或“A gift was given to me”。 ‌【更正】‌I was given a gift‌ on my birthday. ‌【考点】双宾语动词被动语态的宾语转换规则。 9. ‌by短语的冗余或缺失‌ ‌【错例】 The song was written by 2020. (需补充执行者时错误) ‌【分析】当强调动作执行者时需用“by”，如：The song ‌was written by a student‌ in 2020. ‌【更正】根据语境选择是否保留“by短语”。 ‌【考点】被动语态中动作执行者的必要性判断。 10. ‌主动形式表被动意义的动词误用‌ ‌【错例】 The novel isn’t sold well in the store. ‌【分析】“sell”用主动形式表被动意义，应改为：The novel ‌doesn’t sell‌ well in the store. ‌【更正】The novel ‌doesn’t sell‌ well in the store. ‌【考点】特定动词（sell, read, wash等）的主动表被动用法。‌ （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．—I’d like some beef noodles, please. —Sorry, sir. Beef noodles ________ only for breakfast. A．serve B．served C．are served D．were served 2．The girl is often heard ________ in the music room. Her voice sounds beautiful. A．practice singing B．practiced singing C．to practice singing D．to practice sing 3．—If you ________ another chance next time, can you do it better, Jack? —That’s for sure. Trust me! A．give B．will give C．are given D．will be given 4．—When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center? —________the work ________ tomorrow. A．Not until; will be finished B．Not until; is finished C．Until; will be finished D．Until; is finished 5．When waste from daily life ________, people won’t mix some resources with wet waste. A．separated B．is separated C．separates D．will be separated 6．—A lot of money ________ for the old man’s operation online. —Yes, but the medicine cost ________ a lot, so we still need to get more for him. A．raised; rose B．was raised; has risen C．was risen; has raised D．was raised; rose 7．—Mary, why are you in the classroom? All your classmates are on the bus. —I’m sorry, but I ________ what time to get on the bus. A．am told B．didn’t tell C．haven’t told D．wasn’t told 8．They ________ from their parents when they were very young. So they can’t even remember their parents’ faces now. A．are separated B．separated C．had separated D．were separated 9．Paper decorations ________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week. A．were hanged B．were hung C．had been hanged D．had been hung 10．We arrived at the train station. But we ________ that the train had been canceled because of the bad weather. A．told B．tell C．are told D．were told 11．—What are they on the second floor of the factory building? —They are robots produced these days. These robots ________ to every school and work for students. A．sent B．will send C．was sent D．will be sent 12．Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily. A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged 13．It’s hoped that our dream ________ in the future. A．realizes B．will realize C．is realized D．will be realized 14．It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ______ in Guangdong in the future. A．will be built B．build C．will build D．build 15．Many more libraries ________ in our city in the next five years. A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built 16．—Have you heard that the big event ________ until next year? —Yes, I have. Because the disease is very serious all over the world. A．is put off B．was putted off C．would be put off D．will be put off 17．Jack told the librarian that the book _______as soon as he finished reading it. A．was returned B．would be returned C．has been returned D．will be returned 18．Jinan Metro Line R2(济南地铁R2号线) in 2021. A．completes B．is completed C．will be completed D．will complete 19．A new library ________ there. We can use it at the beginning of next term. A．is built B．is being built C．has been built D．should be built 20．A new school ________ here.The local government hopes to finish it next year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．is being built 21．—Peter got seriously ________ in the car accident last week. —Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hospital now. A．was hurt; taken good care B．was hurt; taken good care of C．hurt; being taken good care of D．hurt; taken good care 22．A new hospital ___________here. They hope to finish it next week. A．will be built B．is built C．has been built D．is being built 23．Look! A big modern building _________ in our city. A．is built B．is being built C．has been built D．is building 24．The old couple _______ happily at their home when I walked past yesterday afternoon. A．heard singing B．heard to sing C．were heard singing D．was heard to sing 25．Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times. A．will be performed B．were performed C．are being performed D．have been performed 26．So far, many people’s lives ________ with the help of the doctors and nurses. A．are saved B．were saved C．will be saved D．have been saved 27．In the past several months a new community park ________ and will be open to the public soon. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 28．—Tina, why do you look so upset? —The electricity was cut off suddenly and my homework ________ unfinished since then. A．was left B．has left C．had been left D．has been left 29．It's said that Chongqing Metro Line 9 into operation recently. A．is put B．will be put C．has been put D．has put 30．Don't worry. The meeting room ________ with everything necessary for the ceremony. A．is decorated B．decorated C．has been decorated D．had been decorated 31．5G cell phones ________ in most cities in China since two years ago. A．have provided B．were providing C．were provided D．have been provided 32．The basketball match ____________for two hours. A．will be played B．has played C．was played D．has been played 33．Hundreds of copies of his novels ______ since the press conference last month. A．are sold B．were sold C．will be sold D．have been sold 34．Some of the land has _______because of the waste water. A．became polluted B．polluted C．become polluting D．been polluted 35．A large number of foreigners from different countries ________ on the streets of Chang’an during the Tang Dynasty. A．would be found B．has been found C．is found D．could be found 36．The magazines ________ out of the library. It’s a rule. A．mustn’t take B．won’t take C．can’t be taken D．needn’t be taken 37．—This math problem ________ in half an hour. —Don’t worry. Mr. Wang is good at math. He can make it. A．is working out B．will work out C．should be worked out D．was worked out 38．—Every year, more than 70,000,000 sharks ______ for their fins（鱼翅）. —I think shark trade should ______. A．were killed, be stopped B．killed, stopped C．are killed, be stopped D．will kill, will stop 39．—Who’s that boy in a black mask in the photo, John？ —It’s my brother. This photo ________ in February when he was a volunteer. A．might take B．can took C．is taken D．might be taken 40．—Mr Black, my computer is broken, it needs ________. —OK, I will have it ________ tomorrow. A．to be mended; mending B．mending; to mend C．mending; mended D．to mend; to be mended 41．I like my new bike. It _______ very well. A．rides B．is riding C．is ridden D．has ridden 42．This pair of shoes________Mom, and it________very comfortable. A．was made with; is felt B．were made from; is felt C．were made by; feels D．was made by; feels 43．I often go to school by bike,but yesterday it________all of a sudden,so my father had to drive me to school. A．broke down B．was broken down C．broke out D．was broken out 44．—Do you have Liu Cixin’s latest books? —Sorry, they ________. But we’ll get some more next week because they ________. A．sell out; sell well B．are sold out; sell well C．sell out; are sold well D．are sold out; are sold well 45．There are so many places of interest in our country that are worth ________. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to be visited / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点02 动词的语态 中考英语近年有关语态的考查情况分析 ‌考查维度‌ ‌具体表现‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌趋势分析‌ ‌备考建议‌ ‌高频语态类型‌ ‌被动语态‌为主（尤其‌一般时态的被动‌），占比达较高‌。 2022年单选考查“It’s not allowed ”‌； 2024年阅读理解C篇出现“An experiment was carried out”‌ 被动语态考查频率稳定，且多与‌时态结合‌（如现在完成时被动语态）‌ 强化被动语态结构（‌be+过去分词‌），区分不同时态下的被动形式‌ ‌跨题型渗透‌ 1. ‌完形填空‌：通过上下文逻辑判断被动语态的主语缺失或动作执行者隐去‌ 2. ‌阅读表达‌：要求用被动语态改写句子或总结信息‌ 2024年完形填空中“Serena felt disappointed”需结合后文的“was scared”判断使用被动形式‌； 2022年阅读表达中的“I don’t like being watched by others”‌ 被动语态与‌文体特征‌强相关（如说明文、新闻报道高频使用被动语态）‌ 分类训练不同文体（如科技说明文、历史故事）中被动语态的应用场景‌ ‌综合能力要求‌ 结合‌被动语态‌与‌时态、从句、非谓语动词‌等语法点综合应用‌ 2023年单选将被动语态与宾语从句结合：“because more kinds of flowers are planted every year‌”‌；‌ 复合语法点考查比例上升（如“被动语态+现在完成时”占比在上升）‌ 建立‌语法关联网络‌（如被动语态与定语从句、状语从句的搭配规则）‌ ‌价值导向渗透‌ 通过被动语态传递客观性表述（如科技成果、社会政策等），体现科学性与权威性‌ 2022年写作题要求用被动语态描述“传统礼仪‌should be respected‌”‌ 被动语态与‌社会热点‌（如碳中和、文化遗产保护）结合，强化德育与学科融合‌ 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 ‌中考英语语态重难知识点分析 ‌知识点‌ ‌重难点解析‌ ‌例句‌ ‌易错警示‌ ‌被动语态构成‌ 结构：‌be动词（随主语时态变化）+ 过去分词‌ 例：一般现在时→am/is/are done；现在完成时→have/has been done ① The room ‌is cleaned‌ every day.（房间每天被打扫。） ② The work ‌has been finished‌.（工作已被完成。） 忽略be动词的时态变化（如误写The book was write by him）‌ ‌主动转被动逻辑关系‌ 1. 宾语变主语，主语变by短语（可省略） 2. 双宾语（give/show/tell等）需保留间接宾语或直接宾语作主语 主动句：He gave me a book. 被动句1：I ‌was given‌ a book. 被动句2：A book ‌was given‌ to me. 双宾语转换时遗漏介词（如误写A book was given me）‌ ‌非延续性动词被动语态‌ 非延续性动词（如borrow/open）的被动语态不可与“for+时间段”连用，需转换为延续性状态 × The library ‌has been opened‌ for 3 hours. √ The library ‌has been open‌ for 3 hours. 混淆动词原形与形容词形式（如open（动词）→ open（形容词））‌ ‌含情态动词的被动语态‌ 结构：‌情态动词（can/must/may等）+ be + 过去分词‌ The rules ‌must be obeyed‌.（规则必须被遵守。） 误加to（如The work can be done正确，非can to be done）‌ ‌短语动词的被动语态‌ 短语动词（如look after, turn on）作被动语态时，介词/副词不可省略 主动句：They ‌turned off‌ the lights. 被动句：The lights ‌were turned off‌. 遗漏介词（如误写The problem was looked，应为looked into）‌ ‌主谓一致错误‌ 被动语态中，be动词需与主语人称和数一致 × The apples ‌was eaten‌ by him. √ The apples ‌were eaten‌ by him. 复数主语误用单数be动词（如students is taught）‌ ‌被动语态与时态结合‌ 1. 一般现在时被动（am/is/are done） 2. 现在完成时被动（have/has been done） ① Letters ‌are sent‌ by post.（信件通过邮局寄送。） ② The news ‌has been spread‌.（消息已被传播。） 混淆完成时被动与一般过去时被动（如has been built vs was built）‌ 【易错专攻】 1. ‌被动语态中be动词遗漏‌ ‌【错例】 The letter send by Tom last week. ‌【分析】被动语态需“be动词+过去分词”，句中缺少be动词的过去式形式。 ‌【更正】The letter ‌was sent‌ by Tom last week. ‌【考点】被动语态基本结构完整性。 2. ‌主动语态与被动语态混淆‌ ‌【错例】 The new library builds in 2024. ‌【分析】主语“library”是动作承受者，应用被动语态（is built），而非主动语态。 ‌【更正】The new library ‌was built‌ in 2024. ‌【考点】主语与动词的逻辑关系判断。 3. ‌被动语态时态错误‌ ‌【错例】 The problem is discussed yesterday. ‌【分析】时间状语“yesterday”提示过去时，被动结构应为“was discussed”。 ‌【更正】The problem ‌was discussed‌ yesterday. ‌【考点】时态与语态综合运用。 4. ‌不及物动词误用被动语态‌ ‌【错例】 The accident was occurred at noon. ‌【分析】“occur”为不及物动词，无被动语态，应直接使用主动形式。 ‌【更正】The accident ‌occurred‌ at noon. ‌【考点】及物/不及物动词的被动语态限制。 5. ‌主谓一致错误‌ ‌【错例】 The answers has been checked by the teacher. ‌【分析】主语“answers”为复数，需用“have been checked”保持主谓一致。 ‌【更正】The answers ‌have been checked‌ by the teacher. ‌【考点】被动语态中的单复数一致性。 6. ‌被动语态与系表结构混淆‌ ‌【错例】 The cake was burnt delicious. ‌【分析】“burnt”为过去分词，被动语态需明确动作执行者或语境逻辑。正确表达应说明动作或状态。 ‌【更正】The cake ‌was burnt‌ by my sister.（被动语态） / The cake ‌tastes burnt‌.（系表结构） ‌【考点】过去分词在被动语态与形容词表状态中的区分。 7. ‌情态动词后的被动语态错误‌ ‌【错例】 The task must finish today. ‌【分析】情态动词后需用“be+过去分词”，此处遗漏“be”。 ‌【更正】The task ‌must be finished‌ today. ‌【考点】情态动词与被动语态的组合结构。 8. ‌双宾语动词的被动语态误用‌ ‌【错例】 A gift was given me on my birthday. ‌【分析】双宾语动词（give sb. sth.）在被动语态中应保留间接宾语：“I was given a gift”或“A gift was given to me”。 ‌【更正】‌I was given a gift‌ on my birthday. ‌【考点】双宾语动词被动语态的宾语转换规则。 9. ‌by短语的冗余或缺失‌ ‌【错例】 The song was written by 2020. (需补充执行者时错误) ‌【分析】当强调动作执行者时需用“by”，如：The song ‌was written by a student‌ in 2020. ‌【更正】根据语境选择是否保留“by短语”。 ‌【考点】被动语态中动作执行者的必要性判断。 10. ‌主动形式表被动意义的动词误用‌ ‌【错例】 The novel isn’t sold well in the store. ‌【分析】“sell”用主动形式表被动意义，应改为：The novel ‌doesn’t sell‌ well in the store. ‌【更正】The novel ‌doesn’t sell‌ well in the store. ‌【考点】特定动词（sell, read, wash等）的主动表被动用法。‌ （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．—I’d like some beef noodles, please. —Sorry, sir. Beef noodles ________ only for breakfast. A．serve B．served C．are served D．were served 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——请给我一些牛肉面。——对不起，先生。牛肉面只在早上供应。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。beef noodles与动词serve是被动关系，陈述事实句子用一般现在时，此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done的结构。故选C。 2．The girl is often heard ________ in the music room. Her voice sounds beautiful. A．practice singing B．practiced singing C．to practice singing D．to practice sing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：经常听到那个女孩在音乐室练习唱歌。她的声音听起来很美。 考查非谓语动词。此处是be heard to do sth.被听见做某事；而practice 后跟动名词作宾语，即：practice doing sth.练习做某事。故选C。 3．—If you ________ another chance next time, can you do it better, Jack? —That’s for sure. Trust me! A．give B．will give C．are given D．will be given 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——如果明天再给你另一个机会，你能做得更好吗，杰克？——那是肯定的。相信我！ 考查动词语态辨析。根据语境，you是动词give的受动者，可知用被动语态be done结构，可排除前两项；本句是条件状语从句，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选C。 4．—When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center? —________the work ________ tomorrow. A．Not until; will be finished B．Not until; is finished C．Until; will be finished D．Until; is finished 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我们应该什么时候去体育中心看篮球比赛？——明天工作完成我们就去。 考查until结构及时态。本句为省略句，全句是We won't go to watch the match until the work is finished tomorrow. not……until引导的时间状语从句，主将从现，从句用一般现在时，排除A/C选项；只有not……until结构才表示“直到……才”，单独的until表示“直到”。故选B。 5．When waste from daily life ________, people won’t mix some resources with wet waste. A．separated B．is separated C．separates D．will be separated 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当日常生活中的垃圾被分离时，人们不会将一些资源与湿垃圾混合。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语waste是动作separate的承受者，使用被动语态，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，需满足“主将从现”，所以本句是一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 6．—A lot of money ________ for the old man’s operation online. —Yes, but the medicine cost ________ a lot, so we still need to get more for him. A．raised; rose B．was raised; has risen C．was risen; has raised D．was raised; rose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——网上为老人的手术筹集了很多钱。——是的，但是药费涨了很多，所以我们还需要再给他筹集一些。 考查动词辨析，时态和语态。raise筹集；rise上升。根据“A lot of money”可知，表示“筹钱”，排除C；与动词raise之间是动宾关系，第一空用被动语态，排除A。再由“but the medicine cost...a lot, so we still need to get more for him”可知，过去医药费上涨，应用动词rise，并对现在造成了影响“需要再筹集一些钱”，所以第二空用现在完成时。故选B。 7．—Mary, why are you in the classroom? All your classmates are on the bus. —I’m sorry, but I ________ what time to get on the bus. A．am told B．didn’t tell C．haven’t told D．wasn’t told 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——Mary，你为什么在教室里？你所有的同学都在公共汽车上。——对不起，没人告诉我什么时候上车。 考查被动语态。主语I与动词tell之间是被动关系，根据“why are you in the classroom? All your classmates are on the bus”及“what time to get on the bus”可知，过去没有人告诉我上车的时间，要用一般过去时被动语态，故选D。 8．They ________ from their parents when they were very young. So they can’t even remember their parents’ faces now. A．are separated B．separated C．had separated D．were separated 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当他们很小的时候，就跟父母分开了。所以他们现在甚至不记得父母的脸。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“... when they were very young.”可知描述过去的事，用过去的某个时态，They与separate之间应该是动宾关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 9．Paper decorations ________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week. A．were hanged B．were hung C．had been hanged D．had been hung 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周每个教室的天花板上都挂上了纸装饰。 考查被动语态。根据last week可知，用一般过去时，主语Paper decorations与动词hang之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，hang的过去分词是hung，故选B。 10．We arrived at the train station. But we ________ that the train had been canceled because of the bad weather. A．told B．tell C．are told D．were told 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们到了火车站。但我们被告知由于天气不好，火车已经取消了。 考查被动语态。we与动词tell之间是被动关系，根据“had been”可知，主句用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选D。 11．—What are they on the second floor of the factory building? —They are robots produced these days. These robots ________ to every school and work for students. A．sent B．will send C．was sent D．will be sent 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——在工厂大楼的第二层是什么东西？ ——它们是现在生产的机器人。这些机器人将被送到每所学校，为学生工作。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子主语These robots和动词send逻辑上是动宾关系，应用被动语态，再根据语境可知，机器人将要被送到学校，时态为一般将来时，即此处为一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done，动词send的过去分词为sent。故选D。 12．Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily. A．damages B．is damaged C．will damage D．will be damaged 【答案】D 【解析】句意：除非你一直避免给手机充电，否则手机内的电池很容易损坏。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。此题是由unless引导条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，从句要用一般现在时。此题的主句的主语the battery与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，这里的主语用一般将来时，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 13．It’s hoped that our dream ________ in the future. A．realizes B．will realize C．is realized D．will be realized 【答案】D 【解析】句意：希望我们的梦想在将来能实现。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“in the future”，可知句子时态用一般将来时，主语是our dream和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，此处是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式，realize“实现”，是动词，过去分词是realized，故选D。 14．It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ______ in Guangdong in the future. A．will be built B．build C．will build D．build 【答案】A 【解析】句意：据悉，未来广东将建设一所大湾区大学。 考查一般将来时被动语态。主语one Greater Bay Area university与动词build之间是被动关系，且“in the future”是一般将来时的标志词，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选A。 15．Many more libraries ________ in our city in the next five years. A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在未来五年内，我们城市将建更多的图书馆。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the next five years”可知，本题是一般将来时；主语“Many more libraries”和谓语“build”之间是被动关系，因此本题用一般将来时的被动语态，结构是“will be done”。故选D。 16．—Have you heard that the big event ________ until next year? —Yes, I have. Because the disease is very serious all over the world. A．is put off B．was putted off C．would be put off D．will be put off 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——听说这个大项目要推迟到明年吗?  ——是的，我听说了。因为这个疾病在全世界都很严重。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语next year “明年”, 可知，句子时态为一般将来时态；主语the big event和动词put off是被动关系, 故句子为一般将来时的被动语态, 其结构是：will be +过去分词。故选D。 17．Jack told the librarian that the book _______as soon as he finished reading it. A．was returned B．would be returned C．has been returned D．will be returned 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Jack告诉图书管理员这本书他一读完就会归还。was returned是一般过去时态的被动语态；would be returned是过去将来时的被动语态；has been returned是现在完成时的被动语态；will be returned是一般将来时态的被动语态。很明显that引导的宾语从句中的主语the book和所填的动词构成被动关系；主句的时态是told一般过去时态，宾语从句中必须使用过去时态，而且宾语从句表示的是将来的时间，故应使用过去将来时态的被动语态，选B。 18．Jinan Metro Line R2(济南地铁R2号线) in 2021. A．completes B．is completed C．will be completed D．will complete 【答案】C 【解析】句意：济南地铁R2号线将于2021年建成。 考查时态和语态。completes使完善( complete的第三人称单数 )；is completed（一般现在时的被动语态结构）；will be completed（一般将来时被动语态结构）；will complete（一般将来时结构）。根据时间状语in 2021故确定为一般将来时态，主语Jinan Metro Line R2是谓语动词complete的承受者，二者形成被动关系故确定为被动语态，故该句的谓语动词为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构为will be+过去分词，故填入will be completed。故选D。 19．A new library ________ there. We can use it at the beginning of next term. A．is built B．is being built C．has been built D．should be built 【答案】B 【解析】句意：那里正在建一座新图书馆。我们可以在下学期初使用它。 考查现在进行时的被动语态。根据“We can use it at the beginning of next term.”可知，现在正在建，所以要下学期初可以使用它，故选B。 20．A new school ________ here.The local government hopes to finish it next year. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这里正在建一所新学校。当地政府希望明年完成。 考查动词时态。根据“The local government hopes to finish it next year.”判断前面说的是学校正在被建，使用现在进行时的被动语态，构成be+being+动词的过去分词。故选D。 21．—Peter got seriously ________ in the car accident last week. —Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hospital now. A．was hurt; taken good care B．was hurt; taken good care of C．hurt; being taken good care of D．hurt; taken good care 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——彼得在上周的车祸中受了重伤。——是的，他确实是。他现在正在医院接受治疗。 考查词义辨析以及现在进行时的被动语态。get hurt“受伤”，固定搭配。根据“now”可知，第二句应用现在进行时结构，且主语he与动词take good care of之间是被动关系，故第二空用现在进行时的被动语态结构，故选C。 22．A new hospital ___________here. They hope to finish it next week. A．will be built B．is built C．has been built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这儿正在建一个新医院，他们希望下周完成它。 考查现在进行时态的被动语态。will be built将来时态的被动语态；is built一般现在时态的被动语态；has been built现在完成时态的被动语态；is being built现在进行时态的被动语态；根据主语hospital 和build之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；hope to finish it next week希望下周完成它，可知现在正在建造，用现在进行时态；故选D。 23．Look! A big modern building _________ in our city. A．is built B．is being built C．has been built D．is building 【答案】B 【解析】句意：看！我们城市正在建造一座巨大的现代化建筑。考查动词时态和语态。主语building是动词build的受动者，需用被动语态，即be+过去分词结构，可排除D项。look表提醒，后面的句子多用现在进行时，可排除AC两项；A big modern building是单数第三人称，系词需用is；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。 24．The old couple _______ happily at their home when I walked past yesterday afternoon. A．heard singing B．heard to sing C．were heard singing D．was heard to sing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当我昨天下午经过这儿的时候，听到这对老夫妻正在家里高兴地唱歌呢。 考查时态。主语“The old couple”和“hear”之间有被动关系，所以要用被动语态；“某人被听到正在做某事”用sb be heard doing sth表示，时间状语是yesterday afternoon，主语是“the couple”是复数形式，所以是were heard singing。故选C。 25．Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times. A．will be performed B．were performed C．are being performed D．have been performed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：莎士比亚的戏剧已经在舞台上演出了100多万次。 考查动词的时态和语态。will be performed将被表演，一般将来时的被动语态；were performed被表演，一般过去时的被动语态；are being performed正在被表演，现在进行时的被动语态；have been performed已经被表演，现在完成时的被动语态。根据题干中的“more than a million times”可知，表示动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，故使用现在完成时。故选D。 26．So far, many people’s lives ________ with the help of the doctors and nurses. A．are saved B．were saved C．will be saved D．have been saved 【答案】D 【解析】句意：到目前为止，在医生和护士的帮助下，许多人的生命被挽救了。 考查被动语态。根据So far可知，此句用现在完成时，主语与动词save之间是被动关系，故此处用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done的结构，故选D。 27．In the past several months a new community park ________ and will be open to the public soon. A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在过去的几个月里，一个新的社区公园已经建成，不久将向公众开放。 考查被动语态。根据“In the past several months”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语“a new community park”与动词build之间是被动关系，故此空填现在完成时被动语态，故选C。 28．—Tina, why do you look so upset? —The electricity was cut off suddenly and my homework ________ unfinished since then. A．was left B．has left C．had been left D．has been left 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——蒂娜，你为什么看起来这么沮丧？——突然停电了，从那时起我的作业就一直没做完。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“since then.”可知句子时态是现在完成时，分析主语homework和动词leave，可判断是动宾关系。应用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。 29．It's said that Chongqing Metro Line 9 into operation recently. A．is put B．will be put C．has been put D．has put 【答案】C 【解析】句意：据说，重庆地铁九号线近来已经投入使用了。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。主语“重庆地铁九号线”与“投入使用”是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。recently近来，通常用于现在完成时，是现在完成时的标志词；选项A 是一般现在时的被动语态；选项B是一般将来时的被动语态；选项C是现在完成时的被动语态；选项D是主动语态的现在完成时；故选C。 30．Don't worry. The meeting room ________ with everything necessary for the ceremony. A．is decorated B．decorated C．has been decorated D．had been decorated 【答案】C 【解析】句意：别担心。会议室已经装饰了举行仪式所必需的一切。 考查动词时态，is decorated一般现在的被动语态；decorated过去式；has been decorated现在完成时的被动语态；had been held过去完成时的被动语态，The meeting room是动词decorate的受动者，排除B，此句动作发生在过去，因为装饰好了对现在造成的影响是我们不用担心，所以要用现在完成时，故选C。 31．5G cell phones ________ in most cities in China since two years ago. A．have provided B．were providing C．were provided D．have been provided 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自两年前以来，中国大多数城市都提供了5G手机。 考查动词的时态和语态。have provided现在完成时；were providing过去进行时；were provided一般过去时的被动语态；have been provided现在完成时的被动语态。根据“since two years ago自从两年前”可知，主句用现在完成时，排除选项B和C；结合语境可知，主语“5G cell phones”和谓语provide之间是被动关系，所以这里用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。 32．The basketball match ____________for two hours. A．will be played B．has played C．was played D．has been played 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这个篮球比赛已经打了两个小时了。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据句意可知，此处指篮球比赛已经打了两个小时了，主语与谓语动词play之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以需要用被动语态。根据时间状语“for two hours”可知，时态为现在完成时，用现在完成时被动语态。故选D。 33．Hundreds of copies of his novels ______ since the press conference last month. A．are sold B．were sold C．will be sold D．have been sold 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从上个月的新闻发布会以来，他的小说已经卖出了数百本。 考查时态。A. are sold意为“被卖”，一般现在时的被动语态；B. were sold意为“被卖了”一般过在时的被动语态；C. will be sold意为“将要被卖”一般将来时的被动语态； D. have been sold意为“已经被卖”现在完成时的被动语态。句中关键词“since”意为“自...以来,从...至今”，常用于现在完成时。根据句意，故选D。 注意：被动语态的构成及用法： 被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。 (1) 一般现在时: am/is/ are+过去分词。时间标志：every day /ofen /usually等。如：Rice is grown in south China.华南种植水稻。 (2)一般过去时: was/were过去分词。时间标志词：yesterday/ just now/ago等。如：The glass was broken yesterday.这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。 (3)一般将来时: will be +过去分词。时间标志词：tomorrow/next week 等。如：The cars will be sent abroad by sea.这些汽车将由水路运往国外。 (4)现在完成时: have/has been+过去分词。时间标志词：so far等。如：This novel has been translated into several languages.  这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 34．Some of the land has _______because of the waste water. A．became polluted B．polluted C．become polluting D．been polluted 【答案】D 【解析】句意：由于废水的排放，一些土地已经被污染了。考查动词语态辨析。land是动词pollute（污染）的受动者，需用“be + done”被动语态结构；根据句意语境，可知选D。 35．A large number of foreigners from different countries ________ on the streets of Chang’an during the Tang Dynasty. A．would be found B．has been found C．is found D．could be found 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在唐朝的长安街上，能够发现大量来自不同国家的外国人。 考查情态动词的被动语态。结合选项分析语境，主语foreigners和谓语find之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态：be+动词的过去分词，又根据“during the Tang Dynasty.”可知，动作发生在过去，根据语境，这里表达“能够被找到”，用情态动词could。故选D。 36．The magazines ________ out of the library. It’s a rule. A．mustn’t take B．won’t take C．can’t be taken D．needn’t be taken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：杂志不能被带出图书馆。 这是一个规则。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。mustn’t take禁止带出；won’t take将不能带出；can’t be taken不能被带出；needn’t be taken不需要被带出。主语“The magazines”和谓语“take”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，排查选项A和选项B；根据“It’s a rule”可知这里说话语气坚决肯定。故选C。 37．—This math problem ________ in half an hour. —Don’t worry. Mr. Wang is good at math. He can make it. A．is working out B．will work out C．should be worked out D．was worked out 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这道数学题应该半个小时以内答出来。——别担心。王老师擅长数学，他能做出来。 考查时态。math problem与work out之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，根据“...in half an hour.”可知表示未发生的事，用一般将来时的被动语态或者含情态动词的被动语态。故选C。 38．—Every year, more than 70,000,000 sharks ______ for their fins（鱼翅）. —I think shark trade should ______. A．were killed, be stopped B．killed, stopped C．are killed, be stopped D．will kill, will stop 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——每年，有超过7000000条鲨鱼被捕杀以获取鱼鳍。  ——我认为应该停止鲨鱼交易。   考查一般现在时的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。由“Every year,”可知，第一个空应该用一般现在时， sharks与谓语动词kill是被动关系，因此第一个空应该用一般现在时的被动语态；第二个空的 shark trade 与动词stop是被动关系，而should是情态动词，因此第二个空应该用含有情态动词的被动语态。故选C。 39．—Who’s that boy in a black mask in the photo, John？ —It’s my brother. This photo ________ in February when he was a volunteer. A．might take B．can took C．is taken D．might be taken 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——照片中那个戴着黑面具的男孩是谁，约翰？——是我的兄弟。这张照片可能是他在2月当志愿者时拍摄的。 考查情态动词的被动语态。此处主语“This photo”和“take（拍照）”之间是被动关系，又根据“in February when he was a volunteer.”可知，这张照片是过去拍的，且本题含有情态动词，因此这里是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”。故选D。 40．—Mr Black, my computer is broken, it needs ________. —OK, I will have it ________ tomorrow. A．to be mended; mending B．mending; to mend C．mending; mended D．to mend; to be mended 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—布莱克先生，我的电脑坏了，它需要修理。—好的，我明天就修。 本题主要考查固定搭配。主语为人时。一般用need to do sth. 句型。主语为物时，通常用need doing。need doing中的need属实义动词，后跟动名词形式，表示被动意义。“have + sth.（宾语）+ 过去分词（宾语补足语）”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth.后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth.与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。故选C。 41．I like my new bike. It _______ very well. A．rides B．is riding C．is ridden D．has ridden 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我喜欢我的新自行车。它很好骑。 考查主动表被动。根据句意可知，空格处所在句子含有被动含义，但当动词用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。陈述某种客观事实句子通常用一般现在时，主语it表第三人称单数，故动词ride应用第三人称单数形式，故选A。 42．This pair of shoes________Mom, and it________very comfortable. A．was made with; is felt B．were made from; is felt C．were made by; feels D．was made by; feels 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这双鞋是妈妈做的，穿起来很舒服。 考查一般过去时的被动语态和动词的第三人称单数形式。be made with用……制作的/和……一起制作的；be made from由……制成；be made by由某人制成的。this pair of shoes表示这双鞋，作主语时谓语用单数，根据空后的Mom可知是由妈妈做的，故第一个空用was made by；第二个空表示穿起来很舒服，feel系动词，用主动语态表达被动含义。故选D。 43．I often go to school by bike,but yesterday it________all of a sudden,so my father had to drive me to school. A．broke down B．was broken down C．broke out D．was broken out 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我经常骑自行车去上学，但是昨天它突然坏了，所以我爸爸不得不开车送我去学校。 考查动词语态和短语辨析。break down出故障，毁坏；break out爆发，突然发生。break是不及物动词，不可用“be done”被动语态结构，可排除BD两项。根据题干“I often go to school by bike,but yesterday it…all of a sudden”，可知自行车突然坏了，故选A。 44．—Do you have Liu Cixin’s latest books? —Sorry, they ________. But we’ll get some more next week because they ________. A．sell out; sell well B．are sold out; sell well C．sell out; are sold well D．are sold out; are sold well 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你们有刘慈欣的新书吗？——抱歉，它们卖光了。但是下周我们会多买一些，因为它们卖得很好。 考查动词短语以及语态。sell out售罄；sell well卖得好。主语they与动词短语sell out之间是被动关系，故第一空应填被动语态be done的结构。sell well无被动语态，故选B。 45．There are so many places of interest in our country that are worth ________. A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to be visited 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们国家有很多值得一去的名胜古迹。 考查非谓语动词。sth be worth doing“某事值得做”，空处用visiting。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$