内容正文:
重难点01 动词的时态
中考英语近年有关时态的考查情况分析
考查维度
具体表现
典型例题
趋势分析
备考建议
高频时
态类型
1. 现在完成时(强调动作对现在的影响)
2. 一般过去时(描述过去具体事件)
3. 主将从现(if条件句、时间状语从句)
2023年单项选择考查“have learned”表达学习成果对现在的影响;
2021年试题通过“Last Sunday”提示一般过去时;
再如部分阶段性测试中已经出现用“If you study hard, you will...”考查主将从现
现在完成时考查频率最高(每年必考);主将从现与时态逻辑关联性考查增强
强化标志词敏感度(如since, already, yesterday等);练习复合句时态呼应
语境化
考查
通过对话、配图或故事情节暗示时态选择
2023年完形填空通过配图“服务员表情变化”推断动作发生时间(过去时)
脱离机械语法记忆,转向真实情境中的时态推理(如通过人物情绪、场景变化判断时态)
结合生活场景(如校园活动、家庭对话)进行时态模拟训练
跨题型
渗透
1. 完形填空:通过上下文逻辑判断时态连贯性
2. 阅读表达:用正确时态概括事件或描述过程
如阅读表达常常要求用一般现在时描述步骤,用现在完成时总结结果等;
2024年完形填空中“suddenly”提示后面观察到的是正在发生的事情
时态考查与文本类型强相关(如说明文多用一般现在时,记叙文侧重过去时)
分类训练不同文体(如议论文、故事)的时态应用
综合能
力要求
结合时态与语态(如被动语态)、非谓语动词(如不定式)综合应用
部分阶段性检测试题中已经出现将现在完成时与被动语态结合(如has been praised)
时态与其他语法点的复合考查比例上升(如“时态+语态”组合题占比达30%)
建立语法网络图,梳理时态与语态、从句等关联
价值导向渗透
通过时态使用传递德育内涵(如用现在完成时强调环保行动的持续性影响)
2023年阅读理解C篇用现在完成时描述食物浪费现状(has caused),呼吁学生反思
时态考查与社会热点(如碳中和、传统文化传承)深度融合,体现“五育并举”要求
积累主题相关时态表达(如环保类:have protected/will recycle)
【情境解读】
【重难诠释】
中考英语必考时态重难知识点分析
时态类型
重难点解析
典型例句
易错警示
一般现在时
1. 第三人称单数动词变化(如go→goes)
2. 习惯性动作/客观真理的标志词(如always, usually, every day)
① She teaches English.(她教英语。)
② The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
忽略第三人称单数动词变化(如误写He study hard)
现在进行时
1. be动词+动词ing结构
2. 瞬间动词(如leave, die)不可用进行时表持续动作
3. 临时性动作或情绪表达
① Look! They are planting trees.(看!他们正在种树。)
② He is always complaining.(他总在抱怨。表不满)
混淆一般现在时与现在进行时(如误用He is liking music)
一般过去时
1. 规则动词过去式(如play→played)与不规则动词(如go→went)
2. 过去时间标志词(如yesterday, last week)
① We visited the museum last Sunday.(我们上周日参观了博物馆。)
② She wrote a letter yesterday.(她昨天写了一封信。)
不规则动词过去式拼写错误(如误写He runned fast)
现在完成时
1. have/has+过去分词
2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词(如borrow→keep)
3. since与for的区别
① I have finished my homework.(我已完成作业。强调结果)
② He has lived here for 10 years.(他住在这里10年了。)
误用非延续性动词表持续状态(如He has died for 3 years)
一般将来时
1. will/shall+动词原形与be going to的区别(计划性vs预测)
2. 时间状语从句中的主将从现(如If it rains, I will stay)
① They will hold a party next week.(他们下周将举办派对。)
② Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.(看那些云!要下雨了。)
混淆will与be going to(如误用I will go to Beijing tomorrow.表计划)
过去进行时
1. was/were+动词ing
2. when/while引导的时间状语(如When I called, he was sleeping)
① I was reading when the phone rang.(电话响时我正在看书。)
② They were playing basketball at 4 pm yesterday.(昨天下午4点他们在打篮球。)
忽略when后接短暂动作,while后接持续动作(如误用While I arrived, he was cooking)
过去完成时
1. had+过去分词表“过去的过去”
2. 与by the time/before等连用
By the time I got up, my mom had left.(我起床时,妈妈已经离开了。)
在无时间参照的情况下滥用过去完成时(如误写I had done my homework)
【易错专攻】
1.一般现在时与现在完成时混淆
【错题】I have finished my homework yesterday.
【正确】I finished my homework yesterday.
【分析】现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响,但句中明确出现过去时间标志词“yesterday”,需用一般过去时。
【备考建议】注意区分时间状语(如yesterday→过去时,since 2020→完成时)。
2.主将从现结构时态错误
【错题】If it will rain tomorrow, I will stay at home.
【正确】If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
【分析】在条件状语从句中,即使主句用将来时,从句需用一般现在时代替将来时(主将从现)。
【备考建议】熟记if/when/until等引导的条件/时间从句中的时态规则。
3.瞬间动词误用于完成时
【错题】He has died for 3 years.
【正确】He has been dead for 3 years.
【分析】die为非延续性动词,需转换为延续性状态表达(如die→be dead)才能与for+时间段连用。
【备考建议】掌握常见非延续性动词的转换(如borrow→keep,buy→have)。
4.第三人称单数动词遗漏
【错题】He go to school by bike every day.
【正确】He goes to school by bike every day.
【分析】一般现在时中,第三人称单数主语后动词需加s/es,学生易忽略此规则。
【备考建议】强化主语人称和数的判断训练,尤其注意he/she/it及单数名词。
5.过去进行时时间状语误用
【错题】While I arrived, he was cooking.
【正确】When I arrived, he was cooking.
【分析】while引导从句时,谓语动词需为延续性动作(如was cooking),短暂动作arrived应搭配when。
【备考建议】辨析when(短暂动作)与while(持续动作)的连用规则。
6.一般将来时结构混淆
【错题】I will go to Beijing next week. It’s my plan!
【正确】I am going to Beijing next week. It’s my plan!
【分析】will表临时决定或预测,be going to表有计划性的将来动作,句中强调“计划”需用后者。
【备考建议】对比训练will与be going to的语境差异。
7.现在完成时标志词遗漏
【错题】She has returned home.(无上下文)
【正确】She returned home.
【分析】现在完成时需搭配already/just/since等标志词,或强调动作对现在的影响。单纯描述过去动作需用一般过去时36。
【备考建议】完成时必须满足“影响现在”或“持续至今”的条件。
8.过去完成时滥用
【错题】I had done my homework.(无时间参照)
【正确】I did my homework.
【分析】过去完成时需有明确的“过去的过去”时间参照(如by the time...),否则用一般过去时。
【备考建议】仅在动作先后顺序明确时使用过去完成时。
9.进行时与瞬间动词搭配错误
【错题】I am liking this book.
【正确】I like this book.
【分析】like为状态动词,通常不用进行时。类似动词还有know/want/own等。
【备考建议】熟记不可用进行时的动词类别(情感、认知、归属类)。
10.主谓一致错误(时态连带影响)
【错题】A number of students is going to the park.
【正确】A number of students are going to the park.
【分析】a number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;the number of+复数名词则用单数。
【备考建议】通过短语结构(如many/much)判断主谓一致。
(建议用时:40分钟)
单项选择
1.I ________ many books on art since last year.
A.am reading B.read C.will read D.have read
2.—Will you please tell Robin to come early to help us get ready for the party?
—All right. I’ll tell him at once ________.
A.if I see him B.if I’ll see him C.until I see him D.until I’ll see him
3.—Thank you, Dorota. With your help, I ________ about many places in this city. I really enjoy living here.
—I was happy to help, Halina.
A.learn B.will learn C.have learned D.was learning
4.—Tom, you didn’t go to the costurne party yesterday?
—________ I went to my piano lesson.
A.Yes, I did. B.No, I didn’t. C.Yes, I had. D.No, I hadn’t.
5.It’s been two years since my grandparents ________ with us. And we’re living together happily.
A.live B.have lived C.lived D.will live
6.— Do you think when they to play basketball with us?
— I think they’ll come when they free.
A.come;are B.will come;will be
C.will come;are D.come;will be
7.The old man always________ the clothes from ________century.
A.puts on, the twenties B.has, twenties
C.dresses, the twentieth D.wears, the twentieth
8.—Do you know what time your uncle Dazhou tomorrow?
—At 2∶00 p.m.. I will meet him when he at the airport.
A.gets to; arrives B.will get to; will arrive
C.will get to; arrives D.gets to; will arrive
9. The girl who _______ beautiful eyes _______a prize in yesterday’s singing contest.
A.has; wins B.had; won
C.having; won D.has; won
10.He ________ go out with his parents, but now he ________ staying at home alone.
A.used to; is used to B.is used to; used to
C.use to; is used to D.used to; used to
11.---What did he _______ just now?
---Sorry, I didn’t catch his words. I _______ about something else.
A.speak; am thinking B.talk; thought
C.say; was thinking; D.tell; have thought
12.What would you do if you ________ on the moon?
A.live B.lived C.have lives D.will live
13.He went into his room,_____ the light and began to work.
A.has turned B.turned off C.turned on D.Has turned off
14.---I’ve got to go now. ---Must you? I ______ you could stay for dinner with us tonight.
A.think B.thought C.have thought D.am thinking
15.—There ________ a volleyball game against Class Four next Sunday.
—Oh, great. I will come and cheer you up!
A.will be B.will have C.is D.has
16.There _____ a football match on TV this evening.
A.will have B.is going to be C.has D.is going to have
17.We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week.
A.move B.moved C.will move D.have moved
18.— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month.
— I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we’ll have to work overtime.
A.will have;won’t B.have;won’t
C.will have;isn’t D.have;doesn’t
19. You look pale today , I think the red T-shirt ___good ____you
A.will look , in B.look , on
C.will look , on D.look , in .
20.I don’t know when he _____. When he _____ here, I’ll call you in a minute.
A.will come; will arrive
B.comes; arrives
C.will come; arrives
D.comes; will arrive
21.—We ________ to the water park. Would you like to join us?
—Sorry. I prefer to stay at home and watch TV.
A.set out B.have set out C.are setting out D.had set out
22.— Has your daughter come back yet?
— No. I ________ for her.
A.wait B.waited C.am waiting D.has waited
23.2018年上海浦东二模"Since it is raining_______,we can’t go out to play, "Said Pei Ling sadly.
A.early B.late C.now D.yesterday
24.It’s so hot. Look! The kids _________ at the pool.
A.swims B.swam C.are swimming D.was swimming
25. —Linda, together with her parents, ______up the mess in the park at the moment.
—It’s meaningful to be a volunteer. Let’s join them.
A.is cleaning B.are cleaning C.has cleaned D.have cleaned
26.-please turn off the TV. The baby _______.
-OK. I’ll go out for a walk.
A.sleeps B.slept C.is sleeping D.was sleeping
27.--- Did you see a girl in yellow pass by just now?
--- No, sir. I ________ a magazine.
A.read B.am reading C.would read D.was reading
28.When the teacher ______ how to do the experiment, the bell rang.
A.explains B.will explain C.was explaining D.is explaining
29.—Why didn’t you go to the cinema with us yesterday evening?
—I________for my uncle from Beijing at the station.
A.was waiting B.am waiting C.will wait D.waited
30.—I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
—Impossible. She ______ TV with me in my home then.
A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching
31._______ a wonderful time they _________ in the park at this time yesterday afternoon!
A.What; had B.What; were having
C.How; had D.How; were having
32.Grace has been a teacher for two years. She ______ in a school when I first met her.
A.teaches B.has taught C.is teaching D.was teaching
33.I didn’t hear you, because I ________ yesterday’s football game.
A.watch B.am watching C.watched D.was watching
34.Mum, hurry up! The TV play called Kuang Biao has ________ for about five minutes.
A.been on B.began C.begun D.been lasted
35.We ________ the homework on time. Our teacher is so happy.
A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.will finish
36.My parents ________ Tianjing on business for a whole week. So I live with my uncle these days.
A.have been to B.have gone to C.have been in D.have been away
37.—Look! Someone ________ the classroom.
—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
A.is cleaning B.was cleaning C.has cleaned D.will clean
38.My mother has taught in this school ________ she was twenty years old.
A.for B.until C.because D.since
39.Miss Gao isn’t here. She ________ to the airport to see her friend off.
A.has been B.is going C.has gone D.goes
40.—Did you go to school yesterday?
—Yes, I did. But I was late. When I got to school, Mr. Zhang ____________ his lessons.
A. has already begun B.had already begun
C.has begun yet D.had begun yet
41.he girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she before.
A.hasn’t flown B.hadn’t flown
C.didn’t fly D.wasn’t flying
42.By the end of last month, I _____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.
A.collect B.collected C.have collected D.had collected
43.In New York I found my friend Collins, who there some time before me.
A.would arrive B.has arrived C.had arrived D.was arriving
44.Our class are going to have a picnic tomorrow. If you don’t go, ________.
A.so do I B.neither do I C. neither will I D. either will I
45.—We ________ great fun playing in the park this Sunday.
—Well, let’s go there again next weekend.
A.had B.are having C.have D.were having
/
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
重难点01 动词的时态
中考英语近年有关时态的考查情况分析
考查维度
具体表现
典型例题
趋势分析
备考建议
高频时
态类型
1. 现在完成时(强调动作对现在的影响)
2. 一般过去时(描述过去具体事件)
3. 主将从现(if条件句、时间状语从句)
2023年单项选择考查“have learned”表达学习成果对现在的影响;
2021年试题通过“Last Sunday”提示一般过去时;
再如部分阶段性测试中已经出现用“If you study hard, you will...”考查主将从现
现在完成时考查频率最高(每年必考);主将从现与时态逻辑关联性考查增强
强化标志词敏感度(如since, already, yesterday等);练习复合句时态呼应
语境化
考查
通过对话、配图或故事情节暗示时态选择
2023年完形填空通过配图“服务员表情变化”推断动作发生时间(过去时)
脱离机械语法记忆,转向真实情境中的时态推理(如通过人物情绪、场景变化判断时态)
结合生活场景(如校园活动、家庭对话)进行时态模拟训练
跨题型
渗透
1. 完形填空:通过上下文逻辑判断时态连贯性
2. 阅读表达:用正确时态概括事件或描述过程
如阅读表达常常要求用一般现在时描述步骤,用现在完成时总结结果等;
2024年完形填空中“suddenly”提示后面观察到的是正在发生的事情
时态考查与文本类型强相关(如说明文多用一般现在时,记叙文侧重过去时)
分类训练不同文体(如议论文、故事)的时态应用
综合能
力要求
结合时态与语态(如被动语态)、非谓语动词(如不定式)综合应用
部分阶段性检测试题中已经出现将现在完成时与被动语态结合(如has been praised)
时态与其他语法点的复合考查比例上升(如“时态+语态”组合题占比达30%)
建立语法网络图,梳理时态与语态、从句等关联
价值导向渗透
通过时态使用传递德育内涵(如用现在完成时强调环保行动的持续性影响)
2023年阅读理解C篇用现在完成时描述食物浪费现状(has caused),呼吁学生反思
时态考查与社会热点(如碳中和、传统文化传承)深度融合,体现“五育并举”要求
积累主题相关时态表达(如环保类:have protected/will recycle)
【情境解读】
【重难诠释】
中考英语必考时态重难知识点分析
时态类型
重难点解析
典型例句
易错警示
一般现在时
1. 第三人称单数动词变化(如go→goes)
2. 习惯性动作/客观真理的标志词(如always, usually, every day)
① She teaches English.(她教英语。)
② The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
忽略第三人称单数动词变化(如误写He study hard)
现在进行时
1. be动词+动词ing结构
2. 瞬间动词(如leave, die)不可用进行时表持续动作
3. 临时性动作或情绪表达
① Look! They are planting trees.(看!他们正在种树。)
② He is always complaining.(他总在抱怨。表不满)
混淆一般现在时与现在进行时(如误用He is liking music)
一般过去时
1. 规则动词过去式(如play→played)与不规则动词(如go→went)
2. 过去时间标志词(如yesterday, last week)
① We visited the museum last Sunday.(我们上周日参观了博物馆。)
② She wrote a letter yesterday.(她昨天写了一封信。)
不规则动词过去式拼写错误(如误写He runned fast)
现在完成时
1. have/has+过去分词
2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词(如borrow→keep)
3. since与for的区别
① I have finished my homework.(我已完成作业。强调结果)
② He has lived here for 10 years.(他住在这里10年了。)
误用非延续性动词表持续状态(如He has died for 3 years)
一般将来时
1. will/shall+动词原形与be going to的区别(计划性vs预测)
2. 时间状语从句中的主将从现(如If it rains, I will stay)
① They will hold a party next week.(他们下周将举办派对。)
② Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.(看那些云!要下雨了。)
混淆will与be going to(如误用I will go to Beijing tomorrow.表计划)
过去进行时
1. was/were+动词ing
2. when/while引导的时间状语(如When I called, he was sleeping)
① I was reading when the phone rang.(电话响时我正在看书。)
② They were playing basketball at 4 pm yesterday.(昨天下午4点他们在打篮球。)
忽略when后接短暂动作,while后接持续动作(如误用While I arrived, he was cooking)
过去完成时
1. had+过去分词表“过去的过去”
2. 与by the time/before等连用
By the time I got up, my mom had left.(我起床时,妈妈已经离开了。)
在无时间参照的情况下滥用过去完成时(如误写I had done my homework)
【易错专攻】
1.一般现在时与现在完成时混淆
【错题】I have finished my homework yesterday.
【正确】I finished my homework yesterday.
【分析】现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响,但句中明确出现过去时间标志词“yesterday”,需用一般过去时。
【备考建议】注意区分时间状语(如yesterday→过去时,since 2020→完成时)。
2.主将从现结构时态错误
【错题】If it will rain tomorrow, I will stay at home.
【正确】If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
【分析】在条件状语从句中,即使主句用将来时,从句需用一般现在时代替将来时(主将从现)。
【备考建议】熟记if/when/until等引导的条件/时间从句中的时态规则。
3.瞬间动词误用于完成时
【错题】He has died for 3 years.
【正确】He has been dead for 3 years.
【分析】die为非延续性动词,需转换为延续性状态表达(如die→be dead)才能与for+时间段连用。
【备考建议】掌握常见非延续性动词的转换(如borrow→keep,buy→have)。
4.第三人称单数动词遗漏
【错题】He go to school by bike every day.
【正确】He goes to school by bike every day.
【分析】一般现在时中,第三人称单数主语后动词需加s/es,学生易忽略此规则。
【备考建议】强化主语人称和数的判断训练,尤其注意he/she/it及单数名词。
5.过去进行时时间状语误用
【错题】While I arrived, he was cooking.
【正确】When I arrived, he was cooking.
【分析】while引导从句时,谓语动词需为延续性动作(如was cooking),短暂动作arrived应搭配when。
【备考建议】辨析when(短暂动作)与while(持续动作)的连用规则。
6.一般将来时结构混淆
【错题】I will go to Beijing next week. It’s my plan!
【正确】I am going to Beijing next week. It’s my plan!
【分析】will表临时决定或预测,be going to表有计划性的将来动作,句中强调“计划”需用后者。
【备考建议】对比训练will与be going to的语境差异。
7.现在完成时标志词遗漏
【错题】She has returned home.(无上下文)
【正确】She returned home.
【分析】现在完成时需搭配already/just/since等标志词,或强调动作对现在的影响。单纯描述过去动作需用一般过去时36。
【备考建议】完成时必须满足“影响现在”或“持续至今”的条件。
8.过去完成时滥用
【错题】I had done my homework.(无时间参照)
【正确】I did my homework.
【分析】过去完成时需有明确的“过去的过去”时间参照(如by the time...),否则用一般过去时。
【备考建议】仅在动作先后顺序明确时使用过去完成时。
9.进行时与瞬间动词搭配错误
【错题】I am liking this book.
【正确】I like this book.
【分析】like为状态动词,通常不用进行时。类似动词还有know/want/own等。
【备考建议】熟记不可用进行时的动词类别(情感、认知、归属类)。
10.主谓一致错误(时态连带影响)
【错题】A number of students is going to the park.
【正确】A number of students are going to the park.
【分析】a number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;the number of+复数名词则用单数。
【备考建议】通过短语结构(如many/much)判断主谓一致。
(建议用时:40分钟)
单项选择
1.I ________ many books on art since last year.
A.am reading B.read C.will read D.have read
【答案】D
【解析】句意:自从去年以来,我读了很多关于艺术的书。
考查动词时态。since+过去时间要与现在完成时一起连用,结构为has/have+done,主语为I,助动词用have。故选D。
2.—Will you please tell Robin to come early to help us get ready for the party?
—All right. I’ll tell him at once ________.
A.if I see him B.if I’ll see him C.until I see him D.until I’ll see him
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——请你告诉Robin早点来帮我们准备聚会好吗?——好的,如果我看见他,我立刻告诉他。
考查状语从句。根据“ I’ll tell him at once”可知此处表条件,如果看到他,就立刻告诉他,用if引导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选A。
3.—Thank you, Dorota. With your help, I ________ about many places in this city. I really enjoy living here.
—I was happy to help, Halina.
A.learn B.will learn C.have learned D.was learning
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——谢谢你,Dorota。在你的帮助下,我已对这个城市了解了很多。我真的很喜欢住在这里。——我很乐意帮忙, Halina。
考查动词时态。根据“With your help(在你的帮助下)”和答语“I was happy to help(我很乐意帮忙)”可知,上文意为在你的帮助下,我“已对”这个城市了解了很多,因此这里为现在完成时态,结构为: have/has +过去分词,表示过去的动作对现在的影响。故选C。
4.—Tom, you didn’t go to the costurne party yesterday?
—________ I went to my piano lesson.
A.Yes, I did. B.No, I didn’t. C.Yes, I had. D.No, I hadn’t.
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——Tom,你昨天没去化妆舞会吗?——是的,我没去。我去上钢琴课了。
考查语法一致的原则。根据“didn’t”可知,答语也要用did或didn’t,排除C和D选项。根据“I went to my piano lesson”可知,没有去参加化妆舞会。故选B。
5.It’s been two years since my grandparents ________ with us. And we’re living together happily.
A.live B.have lived C.lived D.will live
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我祖父母和我们住在一起已经两年了。我们在一起幸福地生活着。
考查动词时态。固定句式:It has been+一段时间+since+从句,从句要用一般过去时,故选C。
6.— Do you think when they to play basketball with us?
— I think they’ll come when they free.
A.come;are B.will come;will be
C.will come;are D.come;will be
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:你认为他们什么时候来和我们打篮球?我认为他们有空的时候,他们就会来.第一个when 表示提问何时,用将来时,第二个when,表示当……的时候,主将从现。结合句意,故选C
7.The old man always________ the clothes from ________century.
A.puts on, the twenties B.has, twenties
C.dresses, the twentieth D.wears, the twentieth
【答案】D
【解析】此题重点考查“穿戴”的区别,put on 强调动词,dress的宾语常是人,wear强调状态,在第几世纪要用序数词。故选D。
8.—Do you know what time your uncle Dazhou tomorrow?
—At 2∶00 p.m.. I will meet him when he at the airport.
A.gets to; arrives B.will get to; will arrive
C.will get to; arrives D.gets to; will arrive
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:——你知道你的叔叔明天将什么时间到达达州吗?——下午两点。当他到了机场,我会去接他。get to +地点,到达某地;arrive,到达,如果后面加地点,要加介词in(大地点),at(小地点)。第一句是宾语从句,根据句意可知用将来时态。第二句是时间状语从句,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选C。
9. The girl who _______ beautiful eyes _______a prize in yesterday’s singing contest.
A.has; wins B.had; won
C.having; won D.has; won
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:长着美丽的眼睛的那个女孩在昨天的歌咏比赛中获奖了。根据in yesterday’s singing contest可知该用一般过去时态。而描述人物的外貌特征常用一般现在时。所以选D。
10.He ________ go out with his parents, but now he ________ staying at home alone.
A.used to; is used to B.is used to; used to
C.use to; is used to D.used to; used to
【答案】A
【解析】句意:他过去常常和他的父母一起出去,但是现在他习惯了独自待在家里面。
考查used to do、be used to do和be used to doing的用法。be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事;used to do sth.过去常常做某事;sth. be used to do sth.某物被用来做某事。根据“go out with his parents”可知,第一空使用used to,表示“过去常常和父母一起出去”;根据staying可知,第二空使用is used to,表示“习惯待在家里”。故选A。
注意:used to的用法比较固定,需要注意的是used to do表示过去常常做某事,be used to表示习惯于某事。前者to是不定式符号,后接动词原形。后者to是介词,后接名词或者名词性短语。Used to do结构中use相当于行为动词,有词形变化。Be used to中used相当于形容词,无词形变化。
11.---What did he _______ just now?
---Sorry, I didn’t catch his words. I _______ about something else.
A.speak; am thinking B.talk; thought
C.say; was thinking; D.tell; have thought
【答案】C
【解析】考查的是动词及时态的区别,本题强调的是说的内容,因而用say ,后一个空说的是当别人再说话时,自己当时正在做什么!因而用过去进行时,故选C
12.What would you do if you ________ on the moon?
A.live B.lived C.have lives D.will live
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:如果你住在月球上你会做什么?你住在月球上,这是与现在事实相反的虚拟事实,应该用一般过去时态表达,所以选B。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
13.He went into his room,_____ the light and began to work.
A.has turned B.turned off C.turned on D.Has turned off
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:turn转动,转变;turn off关掉;turn on打开。句意;他走进他的房间,打开灯,开始工作。联系上下文,可知本句描述的是过去的动作,故用一般过去时态。选C。
注意:英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系,注意结合这一特点进行区分。英语动词同汉语一样具有一词多义,一词多性的特点。解答此类问题首先要理解每个单词的基本含义,并注意交叉含义间的区别,了解其特殊用法及习惯搭配等特点,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
14.---I’ve got to go now. ---Must you? I ______ you could stay for dinner with us tonight.
A.think B.thought C.have thought D.am thinking
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意:现在我该走了。——你一定要走吗?我以为你今晚能留下来和我们共进晚餐呢。结合语境可知下文主句描述的是刚才的动作,故用一般过去时态。选B。
15.—There ________ a volleyball game against Class Four next Sunday.
—Oh, great. I will come and cheer you up!
A.will be B.will have C.is D.has
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——下个星期天将有一次对阵四班的排球赛。——哦,好极了。我会来给你们加油。
考查一般将来时态。根据“there be”和“next Sunday”可知句子的时态是一般将来时。“there be”结构的将来时用“there will be+名词+其他成分”。故选A。
16.There _____ a football match on TV this evening.
A.will have B.is going to be C.has D.is going to have
【答案】B
【解析】句意:今天晚上电视上将有一场足球赛。
本句时态为将来时,将来时态有两种表达方式,一种是will+动词原形,另一种是be going to+动词原形,本句用到there be 句型,故选B。
17.We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week.
A.move B.moved C.will move D.have moved
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们很高兴听到格林一家下周要搬去新公寓。
考查宾语从句和一般将来时的用法。 解题思路:这是一个由that引导的宾语从句,主句使用一般将来时,从句可以使用各种时态;由从句中next week可以看出主句要使用一般将来时,故答案选C。
18.— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month.
— I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we’ll have to work overtime.
A.will have;won’t B.have;won’t
C.will have;isn’t D.have;doesn’t
【答案】C
【解析】句意:-我想知道我们在这个月底是否将会有四天的假期。-我希望如此,但是如果我们的任务没有完成,我们就将会加班。will have将会有;have有;won’t是will not的缩写形式;isn’t是is not的缩写;doesn’t是do not的缩写。第一个空前if的意思是是否,引导宾语从句,从句中表示将来的事情,故用一般将来时态;第二个空前的if是如果,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时态,主句用一般将来时态,从句中的主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态,故应用be+过去分词形式,选C。
19. You look pale today , I think the red T-shirt ___good ____you
A.will look , in B.look , on
C.will look , on D.look , in .
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:你看起来脸色发白,我认为这件红色的T恤衫穿在你身上会起来好看。the red T-shirt单数,如果选项B,谓语动词应该用第三人称单数,故排除B。衣服穿在人身上,用on,人穿着衣服用in,故选C。
20.I don’t know when he _____. When he _____ here, I’ll call you in a minute.
A.will come; will arrive
B.comes; arrives
C.will come; arrives
D.comes; will arrive
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我不知道他将什么时间来。当他到达了,我马上给你打电话。考查宾语从句及时间状语从句的用法。前句是when引导的宾语从句,主句I don’t know是一般现在时,根据句意可知从句用将来时will come。后句是when引导时间状语从句,时态遵循主将从现,故选C。
21.—We ________ to the water park. Would you like to join us?
—Sorry. I prefer to stay at home and watch TV.
A.set out B.have set out C.are setting out D.had set out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——我们要出发去水上公园。你想要加入我们吗?——对不起。我更喜欢待在家看电视。
考查时态。根据“Would you like to join us?”可知询问的是将要发生的事,用一般将来时,C选项是现在进行时表将来。故选C。
22.— Has your daughter come back yet?
— No. I ________ for her.
A.wait B.waited C.am waiting D.has waited
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你女儿回来了吗?——没有,我正在等她。
考查现在进行时。根据“Has your daughter come back yet?”可知,女儿还没有回来,所以在妈妈在等她。该句暗含一段时间内某人一直在做某事,故要用现在进行时,即be+现在分词;主语为“I”,be用am。故选C。
23.2018年上海浦东二模"Since it is raining_______,we can’t go out to play, "Said Pei Ling sadly.
A.early B.late C.now D.yesterday
【答案】C
【解析】句意:既然现在下雨了,我们就不能出去玩了。”裴玲伤心地说。A. early副词或形容词,早;B. late副词或形容词,晚;C. now副词,现在;D. yesterday副词,昨天。根据it is raining可知“下雨”时间发生在“现在”。故选C。
注意:注意把握语境或典型时间副词与句子时态的关系,如now, right now, at the moment等时间词(组),都表示现在,通常与现在进行时态连用;而yesterday, just now等通常与一般过去时态连用。
24.It’s so hot. Look! The kids _________ at the pool.
A.swims B.swam C.are swimming D.was swimming
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:太热了。看,孩子们正在游泳池里面游泳。结合语境可知下文描述的是现在正在进行的动作,故用现在进行时态,故选C。
25. —Linda, together with her parents, ______up the mess in the park at the moment.
—It’s meaningful to be a volunteer. Let’s join them.
A.is cleaning B.are cleaning C.has cleaned D.have cleaned
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——琳达和她的父母一起在那个时刻打扫公园。——成为一个志愿者是有意义的。让我们加入他们吧。
此题考查主谓一致问题,her parents 是从属结构,真正的主语是Linda,故谓语动词用单数。
26.-please turn off the TV. The baby _______.
-OK. I’ll go out for a walk.
A.sleeps B.slept C.is sleeping D.was sleeping
【答案】C
【解析】 考查时态。句意:请关掉电视。婴儿在睡觉。说明是现在正在睡觉,所以用现在进行时态。选C。
27.--- Did you see a girl in yellow pass by just now?
--- No, sir. I ________ a magazine.
A.read B.am reading C.would read D.was reading
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:刚才你看到一个穿黄衣服的女孩过去吗?没有,我当时正在读杂志。根据句意,强调当时正在做某事,故用过去进行时,故选D。
28.When the teacher ______ how to do the experiment, the bell rang.
A.explains B.will explain C.was explaining D.is explaining
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当老师正在解释怎样做这个实验的时候,铃响了。在本题所给的情景中,the bell rang用的是一般过去时,由此我们知道这里说的是一件过去的事情。且结合句意可知,是老师正在解释的时候,铃响了,故应该用过去进行时。A选项为一般现在时;B选项为一般将来时;D选项为现在进行时。
29.—Why didn’t you go to the cinema with us yesterday evening?
—I________for my uncle from Beijing at the station.
A.was waiting B.am waiting C.will wait D.waited
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析:句意:昨天晚上你为什么不跟我们一起去看电影?我在车站等我从北京来的叔叔。表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作该用过去进行时态,而过去进行时的构成是:was/were + 现在分词,所以选A。
30.—I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
—Impossible. She ______ TV with me in my home then.
A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching
【答案】D
【解析】此题重点考查过去进行时的基本用法,表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作.
31._______ a wonderful time they _________ in the park at this time yesterday afternoon!
A.What; had B.What; were having
C.How; had D.How; were having
【答案】B
【解析】句意:昨天下午这个时候他们在公园玩得多开心啊!
考查感叹句以及动词时态。此处是感叹句,修饰中心词time是单数形式,用what引导的感叹句结构。根据“at this time yesterday afternoon”可知,句子用过去进行时was/were doing的结构,故选B。
32.Grace has been a teacher for two years. She ______ in a school when I first met her.
A.teaches B.has taught C.is teaching D.was teaching
【答案】D
【解析】句意:格雷斯成为一名教师已经两年了。当我第一次遇见她,她正在一所学校教书。
考查过去进行时的用法,根据when I first met her.可知,表示过去某个时候正在发生的事情用过去进行时。其动词形式是was/were doing.故选D。
33.I didn’t hear you, because I ________ yesterday’s football game.
A.watch B.am watching C.watched D.was watching
【答案】D
【解析】考察时态。句意:我没有听见你,因为我正在看昨天的足球比赛。结合语境可知下文描述的是刚才正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时态。选D。
34.Mum, hurry up! The TV play called Kuang Biao has ________ for about five minutes.
A.been on B.began C.begun D.been lasted
【答案】A
【解析】句意:妈妈,快点!那部叫《狂飙》的电视剧已经播了大约五分钟了。
考查延续性动词。根据“for about five minutes”及has可知此处用现在完成时,且用延续性动词,根据“Mum, hurry up!”可知此处表示已经播放了五分钟了,begin是非延续性动词,排除BC;last意为“持续”,与主语不构成动宾关系,不应用被动语态,排除D;此处用其延续性动词be on。故选A。
35.We ________ the homework on time. Our teacher is so happy.
A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.will finish
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们按时完成了家庭作业。我们的老师很高兴。
考查现在完成时。根据“Our teacher is so happy.”可知,这里是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,应该用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”,主语为we,助动词用have,故选C。
36.My parents ________ Tianjing on business for a whole week. So I live with my uncle these days.
A.have been to B.have gone to C.have been in D.have been away
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我父母在天津出差整整一周了。所以这些天我和我叔叔住在一起。
考查短语辨析。have been to曾去过某地;have gone to已经去了某地;have been in待在某地;have been away已经离开某地。根据“So I live with my uncle these days”可知,父母现在在天津出差,故排除选项A和D。根据“for a whole week”可知,此处表示一段时间,不能用瞬间动词,故排除B。故选C。
37.—Look! Someone ________ the classroom.
—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
A.is cleaning B.was cleaning C.has cleaned D.will clean
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——看!有人已经打扫了教室。——很好,不是我,我没有做这件事。
考查现在完成时。根据“Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.”可知,打扫教室这件事已经发生,强调对现在造成影响,故用现在完成时。故选C。
38.My mother has taught in this school ________ she was twenty years old.
A.for B.until C.because D.since
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我母亲从二十岁起就在这所学校教书。
考查连词辨析。for因为;until直到;because因为;since自从。根据“My mother has taught in this school … she was twenty years old”可知,从句是一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,应用连词since引导时间状语从句,故选D。
39.Miss Gao isn’t here. She ________ to the airport to see her friend off.
A.has been B.is going C.has gone D.goes
【答案】C
【解析】句意:高老师不在这里。她去机场给朋友送行了。
考查have been to和have gone to的区别。has been已经去过某地(人回来了);is going将要去;has gone去了某地(人还没回来);goes去。根据“Miss Gao isn’t here.”和“去了某地(人还没回来)have gone to sp.”可知,高老师去了机场还没有回来,因此“has gone”符合句意。故选C。
40.—Did you go to school yesterday?
—Yes, I did. But I was late. When I got to school, Mr. Zhang ____________ his lessons.
A. has already begun B.had already begun
C.has begun yet D.had begun yet
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你昨天上学了吗?——是的,我去了。但我迟到了。我到学校时,张老师已经开始上课了。
考查过去完成时。根据从句是一般过去时,可知主句使用过去的某种时态,A和C是现在完成时,故排除;根据句意可知张老师上课发生在我到学校之前,表达过去的过去,可知使用过去完成时,already用在肯定句中,yet用在否定句中,本句是肯定句,故选B。
41.he girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she before.
A.hasn’t flown B.hadn’t flown
C.didn’t fly D.wasn’t flying
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:句意:在飞机上挨着我坐的女孩很紧张,因为她以前从来没有乘过飞机。结合语境可知下文原因状语从句中描述的是过去某时已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态,选B。
注意:英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系,注意结合这一特点进行区分。
42.By the end of last month, I _____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.
A.collect B.collected C.have collected D.had collected
【答案】D
【解析】考查点:过去完成时的用法。 解题思路:此处by意为“到…为止”,该句意为“到上个月末为止,我已经将Justin Bieber全部的CD收集起来”,表示“动作从过去已经开始一直持续到过去某个时间”,故要使用过去完成时,答案选D;
43.In New York I found my friend Collins, who there some time before me.
A.would arrive B.has arrived C.had arrived D.was arriving
【答案】C
【解析】此题重点考查过去完成时的基本用法,表示在过去的某一时间以前发生的动作或存在的某种状态,也就是过去的过去。其基本构成就是had+过去分词,其中had没有人称和数的变化。
44.Our class are going to have a picnic tomorrow. If you don’t go, ________.
A.so do I B.neither do I C. neither will I D. either will I
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们班明天要去野餐。如果你不去,我也不去。
考查倒装句。根据“If you don’t go,”可知,句子为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句为一般现时,主句应用一般将来时,排除A和B;从句为否定句,主句部分表示“某人也不会去”,应用neither来引导倒装句,即neither will+主语。故选C。
45.—We ________ great fun playing in the park this Sunday.
—Well, let’s go there again next weekend.
A.had B.are having C.have D.were having
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我们这个周日在公园玩得很开心。——好的,我们下周末再去那里吧。
考查时态。根据下句中的“let’s go there again next weekend”可推知,“在公园玩得很开心”这件事发生在过去,故应用一般过去时,故选A。
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