Unit1～ Unit2月考复习讲义-2024-2025学年译林版英语八年级下册

牛津译林版八年级下学期 Unit1~ Unit2复习讲义 重点短语 Unit 1 过去常常做某事 习惯于… 非常了解… 结婚 在城镇的北部 自从那时起 变化很大 把…变成… 把废物倒入河里 采取行动改善状况 在某种程度上 像以前一样经常 感到有点孤独 不时，有时 在过去的一个世纪里 和某人保持联系 使某事更好/使交流更容易 亲自 在他们空闲时间 出国 Unit 2 一对；几个，几件 以很快的速度，以高速 忍不住做某事，禁不住做某事 去过某地 去了某地 下午晚些时候 在……的末尾 出差 玩得开心 追赶 开会，出席会议 在寒冷的下雪的日子里 顺便问一下 在去……的路上 三个半小时 给……拍照 知识梳理 Unit 1知识点 1. pollute vt. & vi. 污染 【词汇拓展】 adj. 受污染的 n. 污染 常见的短语有： 水污染 噪音污染 空气污染 光污染 我认为噪音污染会让人发疯。_____________________________ _____ 2. turn v. & n. 变成；轮次 turn into意为“变成”，相当于change into。如： 他们计划把这个地方变成一所现代化的医院。_____________________________ _____ 3. northern adj. 北方的；北部的 短语： ，意为“在……的北部” 北京在中国的北部。_____________________________=_________________________________ 【拓展】在英语中表示两地的位置关系时，若A地在B地范围之内，用 ；若A地与B地接壤，用 ；若A地与B地之间有距离间隔，则用 。 4. realize vt. /vi. 意识到；实现 realize做及物动词时，后面加名词或代词作宾语，还可以加that或疑问词引导的宾语从句 我没有意识到我迟到了半小时。 实现某人的梦想 5. interview n 采访，会见 短语： , 采访某人，接见某人； interview 还可以做及物动词， 采访某人； Tom 正在采访陈先生以获取一些信息 6. condition n 条件，状况 condition 作“条件”讲时，是可数名词，如on these conditions (在这些条件下)；作“状况”讲时，是不可数名词，如 in good condition (状况良好)，weather condition (天气状况) 7. abroad adv. 意为“在国外，到国外”， 。 在国外/出国/居住在国外/到国外旅行 下周我爸爸将去国外出差。________________________________________ 8. communicate vi. 意为“交流，交际” 其名词形式为：communication 常构成短语： 与某人交流 许多青少年和父母之间没有交流。____________________________ 9. impossible adj. 不可能的 是由形容词possible加否定前缀im-构成的。 在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-等，有些形容词加上相应的否定前缀，就构成其反义词，这种构词法称为派生法。 （1）大多数形容词加前缀un-构成反义词，如：necessary—unnecessary friendly—unfriendly （2）以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词，如：correct—incorrect expensive—inexpensive （3）以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词，如：polite—impolite proper—improper （4）以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词，如：regular—irregular （5）有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词，如：honest—dishonest 注意：含有否定前缀构成的形容词的句子不属于否定句。在改为反意疑问句时，附加问句部分仍用否定形式。 He is unhappy today, ? 10. improve vt. 改进，改善 我想提高我的英语水平。____________________________ 11. return vt.&vi. ( returned, returned), return不可与back连用。 ①return作及物动词讲，意为“归还” 我得去图书馆还一些书。___________________________ ②return作及物动词讲，意为“返回”，后接表示地点的名词时应加介词to，若return后面是表示地点的副词，则不加介词to。 最后他回到了他的家乡。____________________________ 12. used to/be used to/get used to 基本含义 用法辨析 “过去常常(做某事)” 现在已不再这样了，后常接动词原形 “习惯于(做某事)” 后跟名词、代词或动名词 “变得习惯于(做某事)” 强调由不习惯到习惯地过程 “被用来（做某事）” 这里use的意思为“使用”，被动语态。 我以前常在星期天去钓鱼。 他以前不喝酒。 她不习惯住在乡下。 13. in some ways “从某种意义上说” in some ways表示 。如： 1）从某种意义上说，中秋节是个传统的节日。 与way有关的搭配有： 1. 表示“以某种方式”。如： 你可以用这种方式学习英语。 2. 表示“在某人去……的路上”，要注意one’s 要与主语保持一致，并且目的地是副词（如home，here，there等）时，要省去to。如： 在回家的路上，他碰到了他的老朋友 3 挡路 4. 表示“顺便说/问一句”。如： 顺便问一句，你近几天见到苏珊了吗？ 14. get married 结婚 (married 为形容词) get married 意为“结婚”，表示的是结婚的动作，常和一般过去时连用；如果表示结婚的状态， 则be married，并且常和现在完成时连用。 他们去年结的婚 他们结婚三年了 注：①marry可以作及物动词，其后跟人作宾语，意为“嫁；娶；同……结婚，把……嫁给……”它的一般过去时和过去分词分别为married, married. ②和某人结婚 . 或 . 她什么时候与那个男人结的婚？__________________________ 15.as often as before 像以前一样经常 as ……as ….意为“ 同……一样…….”，中间跟形容词或副词原级。 他们如此忙以至于无法像从前一样常常去看望他们的父母。 16. put the waste into the river 把……放进…… 这汤太咸了，你应当放些水在里面。_____________________________________ 17. take place 发生；举行 take place意为“发生”，与happen意思相近，但用法有区别：take place常指经过安排而发生，而happen常指偶然发生，它们都没有被动语态。 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。____________________________ Unit 2知识点 1.join 句中的join是及物动词，意为“加入”，表示加入某一组织、党派、社会团体或某一人群中，从而成为其成员。join后常出现club, army, team, group以及表示人称代词宾格的单词等。 我爸爸中学毕业后就参军了。 . 【拓展】 ①take part in意为“参加/参与某项工作、活动、游戏或会议等”，强调参加者持有积极的态度，并起到一定的作用。take part in之后接名词或动名词，相当于join in. 你愿意参加英语晚会吗？ ②join sb. in…意为“参加到……中” 许多学生正在操场上踢足球，咱们加入到他们当中吧！ 2. excited excited形容词，意为“感到兴奋的，感到激动的”，可以构成：be excited at/about sth. 意为“对某事感到激动”；be excited to do sth.意为“激动地去做某事”；be excited that + 从句。 她对北京之行感到非常兴奋。 3. miss miss此处用作及物动词，意为“想念”。 我在国外时，非常想念父母。 4. have a fantastic time 短语have a fantastic time意为“过得愉快；玩得开心”，其中形容词fantastic还可用good, great和wonderful等词替代。与enjoy oneself, have fun含义相同。也可构成短语：have a good/fantastic/great/wonderful time doing sth.意为“开心地做某事”。 这些女孩午餐时经常聊得很开心。 5. at high speed at high speed意为“以高速”；at low speed意为“以低速”。 那辆公共汽车在疾驰。 6. I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos. ①can’t stop doing sth. 意为“忍不住做某事”。 当观看滑稽的表演时，他们忍不住大笑起来。 【辨析】：stop doing sth.与stop to do sth. 表示“停止做某事”，动名词作宾语 When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking and laughing. 表示“停下来做某事（另一件事）”，动词不定式作目的状语 I’m tired. I must stop to have a rest. ②take photos意为“拍照”，其同义短语为take pictures. 意为“给……拍照片” 他是在那棵树下拍的照片吗？ 7. a couple of a couple of意为“几个，几件”，a couple of也可以表示“两个”，couple意为“两人，两件事物；几个人，几件事物”，也可表示“夫妻；情侣”。 他养了两只狗。 8. sure sure形容词，意为“确信的；肯定的”，常见用法有： 结构 含义 主语 be sure of + 名词/代词 感到对…….有把握或确信 人 be sure + that从句 感到对……有把握或确信 人 be sure to do sth. 推测一定或必然会…… 人或物 我确信我能通过这次考试。 她一定会准时到达的。 9. except except介词，意为“除了……之外”，表示“从整体中除去……”，有“减”的意思。 除了星期天，她每天都上班。 【拓展】 besides表示“除……之外，还有”，有“加”的意思。 除了日语之外，我还会讲法语。 10. on business on business 意为“出差”，是固定短语。 他爸爸经常去国外出差。 . 语法讲解 现在完成时 教材典句： 1.Eddie，have you seen my food?埃迪，你看见我的食物了吗？ Yes,I’ve just eaten my food.看见了，我刚才把它吃了。 2.I’ve lived here since I was born.自我出生以来就一直住在这里。 Has the town changed a lot over the years？近几年间这个城镇变化大吗？ 上面三个句子都用了现在完成时，动词构成: ①.现在完成时的主要用法 A表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如： _____________________. 我已经把窗户打开了。（窗户是开着的） _____________________. 音乐会已经开始（音乐会现在在进行） _____________________. 他们已去上海了（他们不在这里） B.表示过去已经开始、持续到现在（也许还会继续进行下去）动作或状态，常和表示一段时间状语，如:today, these days, since…,for…,this month,now等连用。 例如:_____________________. 我学英语已经两年了。 _____________________. 他们自1980年就一直住在北京。 _____________________. 我们从小就认识。 C.表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。 _____________________. 这部电影他已经看了两遍了。 现在完成时的构成 否定形式：_______________ 疑问：_____________________ 现在完成时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式及简单回答形式（以动词study为例）： 肯定式：I (You) have　studied. He(She, It) has studied. We(You,They) have studied. 否定式 ___________________________ ___________________________. ___________________________ 疑问式：___________________________ 回答（肯定/否定）________________ /________________ ___________________________ 回答（肯定/否定）________________ /________________ ___________________________ 回答（肯定/否定）________________ /________________ 【强化】主语是第三人称单数是用has，其他人称用have 汤姆这个月已收到他爸爸的两次来信。 Tom _____________________his father twice this month. 我已经完成了作业。 I_____________________ my homework. 现在完成时的标志词： ◎He has been away since last week. He has been away for one week. 对划线部分提问都用_____________________ 你们见过面吗？ __________________________________________? 我还没有完成我的作业。__________________________________________ 你去过日本吗？__________________________________________? ④.动词的过去分词形式 1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped ◎不规则变化的过去分词 A. 没有变化的：come-come，cut-cut B. 改变元音字母：begin-begun，swim-swum C. 改变辅音字母：build-built，lend-lent D. 元音和辅音均改变的：tell-told，teach-taught E. 添加部分字母：be—been，draw-drawn F. 其他：have-had，fly-flew have been to / have gone to / have been in的用法 【教材典句】 Millie and Amy have been to South Hill 米莉和埃米到过南山。 Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong. 基蒂和她的家人去了香港。 She has gone to the bookstore. 她去了书店。 【语法全解】 ①have been to____________________________，常和once、twice、never、ever等连用。 He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了) ②have gone to____________________________，常用于第三人称，不能和once、twice、never、ever等连用 He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里) have been in____________________________ Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。 非延续性动词和延续性动词 【教材典句】 1. We haven’t seen each other since last week.自从上周以来我们就没见过面. 2. Mr Dong has lived here for many years.董先生住在这里很多年了。 3. The film has been on for 20 minutes.电影已经上演20分钟。 4. The first dolphin show began at 11:30a.m.第一场海豚表演是在上午11：30开始的。 · 现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间的状语连用的动词必须是连续性的， · 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间状语连用 如：be, have, know,live, work, study, learn, teach, keep, speak, talk, draw, wait, wear, walk, sleep, drive,write, do, clean等， · 非延续性动词，表示的动作不能延续，若要跟for和since连用，则要将非延续动词用延续性动词来代替，如come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave,begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up, become, borrow, lend, find, finish, receive 等，要转换成延续性动词才能与其连用（否定句除外I haven’t heard from my father for a long time. We haven’t seen him since 1999.），相应的转化形式如下： 非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow / lend fall asleep buy fall ill finish / end get to know arrive /come / go / move / reach /get to lose begin / start become open return / come back / get back close join die join the army leave receive / get a letter go to school catch / get a cold get up begin to study （1）He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.他参军三年了。 =He__________________ for three years / since three years ago. （2）I have had the book for three months. 这本书我已经买了三个月了。 （3）My aunt __________________ since 1949.自从1949年我姑母就已经在这个公司工作了。 课堂练习 ( )1.一You haven't been to the West Lake, have you? 一 . But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation. A. No, I haven't B. No, I have C. Yes, I have D. Yes, I haven't ( )2.一Do you enjoy your new life near the airport? 一Well. I enjoy my life here except for(除了)the pollution. The planes make it hard for me to sleep well sometimes. A. air B. water C. noise D. light ( )3. Amy Jeff when they were both 25 years old. A. got married B. married C. married with D. married to ( )4.一Have you read the book A Tale of Two Cities? 一No, . A. already; ever B. yet; ever C. ever; never D. yet; already ( )5. Mr Hua for a holiday. He'll return in a month. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go ( )6. Mr Read knows Nanjing very well. He there many times. A. is B. will come C. comes D. has been ( )7.一Haven't you heard of a person called Zhang Cunhao? 一 . He is a famous scientist and won the 2014 Top Science and Technology Award. A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I did C. No, I haven't D. No, I didn't ( )8. Mary used to in the countryside, but now she is used to in the city. A. live; live B. live; living C. living; live D. living; living ( )9. The place was so beautiful that her husband could not stop photos. He took two hundred photos that day! A.to show B. showing C. taking D. to take ( )10.一Jay used to talk in class, ? 一Yes, but now he doesn't. A. didn't he B. usedn't he C. did he D. both A and B ( )11.一How do you like water sports? 一I like many of them. And is my favourite. A. hiking B. climbing C. jogging D. sailing ( )12. 一 local people’s life, the government has built a sports centre and a youth centre here. 一Great! There are more places for people to have fun. A. Improve B. Improving C. To improving D. To improve ( )13.一Will you take D5581 or G7619 to Hangzhou? 一G7619. I will have to more money, but it will much less time. A. take; pay B. take; cost C. spend; take D. spend; pay ( )14.一This car is Mrs White's. She it for over 5 years. 一 Really? It looks like a new one. A. has had B.has lent C.has bought D. has sold ( )15. The Statue of Liberty is in . A. Pisa of Italy B. London of England C.Tokyo of Japan D. New York of the USA 课堂小结 课后作业 1、 完形填空 In August of 2011, Apple Computer became the most popular company in the world. However, Steve Jobs did not get to enjoy the 1 because he was in bad health because of cancers. Of course, any other person couldn’t 2 the best medical care that he had got, including a liver transplant.(肝移值） I think Steve was a great 3 leader. After learning about his death, I decided to find out more about Steve and share what I have 4 . In some ways, he was not much different from you and 5 .He was raised 6 a working class parents. Growing up he was energetic, cool and fun - loving. However, he was 7 .He was very clever. Like any other single child, he was 8 with few friends, and did not know how to share happiness. He couldn't get on well with 9 . He didn’t know how to make friends. But luckily, his wife was strong enough to 10 him. He invented Apple, had a child, and finally became 11 and famous. He became the CEO of Apple again in 1997 when the business was bad. He and his team worked day and night to turn this around. Sometimes he would 12 someone in the middle of the night about a great idea he 13 . He was a hard -working worker. In 2004 he had been in bad health. In 2009 he had a liver transplant. On October 5th, 2011, he 14 . Money does not mean much if you do not have good 15 . Health is more important than material success. 1.A. success B. sadness C. decision D. work 2.A. give B. afford C. take D. offer 3.A. school B. shop C. business D. factory 4.A. heard B. read C. talked D. learned 5.A. I B. my C. myself D. me 6.A. in B. by C. from D. with 7 A. the same B. stupid C. different D. outgoing 8.A. quiet B. happy C. cute D. cool 9.A. another B. others C. the others D. other 10.A. sit B. hate C. stand D. love 11.A. rich B. poor C. strong D. friendly 12.A. say B. call C. watch D. hear 13.A. came out B.came up with C. caught up D. picked up 14.A. got well B. arrived in C. passed away D. came in 15.A. time B. life C. family D. Health 2、 阅读理解 A Easter is one of the two major Christian (基督教的) festivals. Easter celebrates (庆祝) the death (死亡) and resurrection (复活) of Jesus Christ (耶酥基督) and Christmas celebrates his birth (出生). It's not as big a festival as Christmas. It starts usually in late March or early April and the Easter holiday is Friday, Saturday, Sunday and Monday. It's quite a long holiday for everybody. The main symbol (象征物) of Easter is the Easter egg. Children like Easter eggs because they are made of chocolate. Eggs are a symbol of new life. Easter is also a time for families to get together like Christmas. Many people see Easter as a nice long holiday and they have a good time with their families and friends. ( )1. People love Easter because ________. A. it's a long holiday B. it's the birthday of Jesus Christ C. they can have real eggs on that day D. everybody believes in Jesus Christ ( )2. From the passage above，which sentence is wrong? A. Easter is one of the most important festivals in western countries. B. Easter is a day that everybody gets his resurrection. C. Easter is a religious (宗教) festival. D. Most people love Easter. ( )3. People begin to celebrate Easter in ________. A. mid-April or late April B mid-March or late March C. late March or early April D. early March or mid-March ( )4. Easter eggs are ________. A. covered by chocolate (用巧克力包着的) B. chocolate eggs C. a symbol of death D. not food ( )5. From the passage above，we can know that -________. A. Jesus Christ died on Christmas Day B. Jesus Christ was born on Christmas Day C. Jesus Christ was born on Easter D. Jesus Christ died and got his resurrection on Christmas Day B A poor farmer had never left his small village．After he made a lot of money，he decided to spend a holiday in an excellent hotel in a big town． When lunchtime came on his first day there，he went to eat it in the restaurant of the hotel in his new clothes．The headwaiter showed him to the table，took his order and went away．When he returned and looked at the farmer again，he was surprised．The farmer had tied his table cloth round his neck． The headwaiter immediately told another waiter to go to the farmer and tell him that people mustn’t do such a thing in his restaurant．So the waiter went to the farmer and said in a friendly voice，“Good morning，Sir．Would you like a haircut?” ( )6．The farmer decided to spend a holiday in a big town because________ ． A．he always spent his holiday there B．he wore his new clothes C．he never went to the big town D．he had become richer and wanted to see city life ( )7．To his surprise，the headwaiter found that the farmer________. A．was sitting at the table along B．he wore his new clothes C．used the table cloth as a napkin(餐巾) D．took the restaurant for a barber’s shop ( )8．Why do you think the farmer tied the cloth round his neck ? A．He didn’t want to make his clothes dirty B．He want to have his hair cut C．The headwaiter told him to do that D．He saw some other people doing this ( )9．The headwaiter told another waiter to ________． A．take some food to the farmer B．stop the farmer tying the cloth round his neck C．tie the table cloth round the farmer’s neck________． D．drive him out of the restaurant ( )10．From the sentence“Would you like a haircut?”we know the waiter wanted to A．have the farmer’s hair cut B．make an apology to the farmer C．cut the farmer’s hair himself D．make the farmer know his mistake 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 牛津译林版八年级下学期 Unit1~ Unit2复习讲义 重点短语 Unit 1 过去常常做某事 used to do sth. 习惯于… be/get used to doing 非常了解… know ... very well 结婚 get married 在城镇的北部 in the northern part of town 自从那时起 since then 变化很大 change a lot 把…变成… Turn ... into ... 把废物倒入河里 put the waste into the river 采取行动改善状况 take action to improve the situation 在某种程度上 in some ways 像以前一样经常 as often as before 感到有点孤独 feel a bit lonely 不时，有时 from time to time 在过去的一个世纪里 over the past century 和某人保持联系 keep in touch with sb 使某事更好/使交流更容易 make sth much better/ make communication much easier 亲自 on one’s own 在他们空闲时间 in their free time 出国 go abroad Unit 2 一对；几个，几件 a couple of 以很快的速度，以高速 at high speed 忍不住做某事，禁不住做某事 can’t stop doing sth 去过某地 have/ has been to 去了某地 have/has gone to 下午晚些时候 in the late afternoon 在……的末尾 at the end of 出差 on business 玩得开心 have a fantastic time 追赶 run after 开会，出席会议 attend meeting 在寒冷的下雪的日子里 on cold snowy days 顺便问一下 by the way 在去……的路上 on the way to ... 三个半小时 three and a half hours 给……拍照 take photos for ... 知识梳理 Unit 1知识点 1. pollute vt. & vi. 污染 【词汇拓展】polluted adj. 受污染的 pollution n. 污染 常见的短语有： water pollution 水污染 noise pollution 噪音污染 air pollution 空气污染 light pollution 光污染 我认为噪音污染会让人发疯。_____________________________ _____ I think noise pollution can drive people mad. 2. turn v. & n. 变成；轮次 turn into意为“变成”，相当于change into。如： 他们计划把这个地方变成一所现代化的医院。_____________________________ _____ They plan to turn this place into a modern hospital. 3. northern adj. 北方的；北部的 短语：in the northern part of …= in the north of …，意为“在……的北部” 北京在中国的北部。_____________________________=_________________________________ Beijing is in the northern part of China=Beijing is in the north of China 【拓展】在英语中表示两地的位置关系时，若A地在B地范围之内，用介词in；若A地与B地接壤，用介词on；若A地与B地之间有距离间隔，则用介词to。 4. realize vt. /vi. 意识到；实现 realize做及物动词时，后面加名词或代词作宾语，还可以加that或疑问词引导的宾语从句 我没有意识到我迟到了半小时。 I didn’t realize that I was half an hour late. 实现某人的梦想 realize one’s dream 5. interview n 采访，会见 短语： have an interview with sb , 采访某人，接见某人； interview 还可以做及物动词，interview sb 采访某人； Tom 正在采访陈先生以获取一些信息 Tom is interviewing Mr. Chen to get some information Tom is having an interview with Mr. Chen to get some information 6. condition n 条件，状况 condition 作“条件”讲时，是可数名词，如on these conditions (在这些条件下)；作“状况”讲时，是不可数名词，如 in good condition (状况良好)，weather condition (天气状况) 7. abroad adv. 意为“在国外，到国外”，前面不用介词。 在国外/出国/居住在国外/到国外旅行 be/go/live/travel abroad 下周我爸爸将去国外出差。________________________________________ My father will go abroad on business next week. 8. communicate vi. 意为“交流，交际” 其名词形式为：communication 常构成短语：communicate with sb. 或 have communication with sb. 与某人交流 许多青少年和父母之间没有交流。____________________________ Many teenagers have no communication with their parents. 9. impossible adj. 不可能的 是由形容词possible加否定前缀im-构成的。 在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-等，有些形容词加上相应的否定前缀，就构成其反义词，这种构词法称为派生法。 （1）大多数形容词加前缀un-构成反义词，如：necessary—unnecessary friendly—unfriendly （2）以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词，如：correct—incorrect expensive—inexpensive （3）以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词，如：polite—impolite proper—improper （4）以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词，如：regular—irregular （5）有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词，如：honest—dishonest 注意：含有否定前缀构成的形容词的句子不属于否定句。在改为反意疑问句时，附加问句部分仍用否定形式。 He is unhappy today, ? isn’t he 10. improve vt. 改进，改善 我想提高我的英语水平。____________________________ I want to improve my English. 11. return vt.&vi. ( returned, returned), return不可与back连用。 ①return作及物动词讲，意为“归还” 我得去图书馆还一些书。___________________________ I have to return some books to the library. ②return作及物动词讲，意为“返回”，后接表示地点的名词时应加介词to，若return后面是表示地点的副词，则不加介词to。 最后他回到了他的家乡。____________________________ At last, he returned to his hometown. 12. used to/be used to/get used to 基本含义 用法辨析 used to (do sth.) “过去常常(做某事)” 现在已不再这样了，后常接动词原形 be used to(dong sth. )“习惯于(做某事)” 后跟名词、代词或动名词 get used to(dong sth. ) “变得习惯于(做某事)” 强调由不习惯到习惯地过程 be used to(do sth.)=be used for doing sth. “被用来（做某事）” 这里use的意思为“使用”，被动语态。 我以前常在星期天去钓鱼。 I used to go fishing on Sundays. 他以前不喝酒。 He didn't use to drink.(=He used not to drink ) 她不习惯住在乡下。 She isn't used to living in the country 13. in some ways “从某种意义上说” in some ways表示“从某种意义/程度上说”。如： 1）从某种意义上说，中秋节是个传统的节日。 In some ways, the Mid-autumn Festival is a traditional holiday. 与way有关的搭配有： 1. in this/that way表示“以某种方式”。如： 你可以用这种方式学习英语。 You can learn English in this way. 2. on the/one’s way to表示“在某人去……的路上”，要注意one’s 要与主语保持一致，并且目的地是副词（如home，here，there等）时，要省去to。如： 在回家的路上，他碰到了他的老朋友 On his way home,he met his old friend 3.in the/one’s way挡路 4. by the way表示“顺便说/问一句”。如： 顺便问一句，你近几天见到苏珊了吗？ By the way, have you seen Susan these days? 14. get married 结婚 (married 为形容词) get married 意为“结婚”，表示的是结婚的动作，常和一般过去时连用；如果表示结婚的状态， 则be married，并且常和现在完成时连用。 他们去年结的婚 They got married last year. 他们结婚三年了 They have been married for three years. 注：①marry可以作及物动词，其后跟人作宾语，意为“嫁；娶；同……结婚，把……嫁给……”它的一般过去时和过去分词分别为married, married. ②和某人结婚 marry sb. 或get/be married to sb. 她什么时候与那个男人结的婚？__________________________ When did she get married to the man? 15.as often as before 像以前一样经常 as ……as ….意为“ 同……一样…….”，中间跟形容词或副词原级。 他们如此忙以至于无法像从前一样常常去看望他们的父母。 They are so busy that they can’t visitor their parents as often as before. 16. put the waste into the river put…into 把……放进…… 这汤太咸了，你应当放些水在里面。_____________________________________ The soup is too salty. You should put some water into it. 17. take place 发生；举行 take place意为“发生”，与happen意思相近，但用法有区别：take place常指经过安排而发生，而happen常指偶然发生，它们都没有被动语态。 我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。____________________________ Great changes have taken place in my hometown. Unit 2知识点 1.join 句中的join是及物动词，意为“加入”，表示加入某一组织、党派、社会团体或某一人群中，从而成为其成员。join后常出现club, army, team, group以及表示人称代词宾格的单词等。 我爸爸中学毕业后就参军了。 My father joined the army after he finished middle school. 【拓展】 ①take part in意为“参加/参与某项工作、活动、游戏或会议等”，强调参加者持有积极的态度，并起到一定的作用。take part in之后接名词或动名词，相当于join in. 你愿意参加英语晚会吗？ Would you like to take part in/join in the English party? ②join sb. in…意为“参加到……中” 许多学生正在操场上踢足球，咱们加入到他们当中吧！ A lot of students are playing football on the playground. Let’s join them in playing football! 2. excited excited形容词，意为“感到兴奋的，感到激动的”，可以构成：be excited at/about sth. 意为“对某事感到激动”；be excited to do sth.意为“激动地去做某事”；be excited that + 从句。 她对北京之行感到非常兴奋。 She was really excited about going to Beijing. 3. miss miss此处用作及物动词，意为“想念”。 我在国外时，非常想念父母。 When I was abroad, I missed my parents very much. 4. have a fantastic time 短语have a fantastic time意为“过得愉快；玩得开心”，其中形容词fantastic还可用good, great和wonderful等词替代。与enjoy oneself, have fun含义相同。也可构成短语：have a good/fantastic/great/wonderful time doing sth.意为“开心地做某事”。 这些女孩午餐时经常聊得很开心。 The girls often have a good time talking at lunchtime. 5. at high speed at high speed意为“以高速”；at low speed意为“以低速”。 那辆公共汽车在疾驰。 The bus was running at high speed. 6. I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos. ①can’t stop doing sth. 意为“忍不住做某事”。 当观看滑稽的表演时，他们忍不住大笑起来。 They couldn’t stop laughing when they watched the funny performance. 【辨析】：stop doing sth.与stop to do sth. stop doing sth. 表示“停止做某事”，动名词作宾语 When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking and laughing. stop to do sth. 表示“停下来做某事（另一件事）”，动词不定式作目的状语 I’m tired. I must stop to have a rest. ②take photos意为“拍照”，其同义短语为take pictures. take photos of…意为“给……拍照片” 他是在那棵树下拍的照片吗？ Did he take photos under that tree? 7. a couple of a couple of意为“几个，几件”，a couple of也可以表示“两个”，couple意为“两人，两件事物；几个人，几件事物”，也可表示“夫妻；情侣”。 他养了两只狗。 He keeps a couple of dogs. 8. sure sure形容词，意为“确信的；肯定的”，常见用法有： 结构 含义 主语 be sure of + 名词/代词 感到对…….有把握或确信 人 be sure + that从句 感到对……有把握或确信 人 be sure to do sth. 推测一定或必然会…… 人或物 我确信我能通过这次考试。 I’m sure that I can pass the exam. 她一定会准时到达的。 She’s sure to arrive on time. 9. except except介词，意为“除了……之外”，表示“从整体中除去……”，有“减”的意思。 除了星期天，她每天都上班。 She goes to work every day except Sunday. 【拓展】 besides表示“除……之外，还有”，有“加”的意思。 除了日语之外，我还会讲法语。 Besides Japanese, I can speak French. 10. on business on business 意为“出差”，是固定短语。 他爸爸经常去国外出差。 His father often goes abroad on business. 语法讲解 现在完成时 教材典句： 1.Eddie，have you seen my food?埃迪，你看见我的食物了吗？ Yes,I’ve just eaten my food.看见了，我刚才把它吃了。 2.I’ve lived here since I was born.自我出生以来就一直住在这里。 Has the town changed a lot over the years？近几年间这个城镇变化大吗？ 上面三个句子都用了现在完成时，动词构成: have/has + v 过去分词 ①.现在完成时的主要用法 A表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如： 我已经把窗户打开了。（窗户是开着的） I have opened the window. 音乐会已经开始（音乐会现在在进行） The concert has started. 他们已去上海了（他们不在这里） They have gone to Shanghai. B.表示过去已经开始、持续到现在（也许还会继续进行下去）动作或状态，常和表示一段时间状语，如:today, these days, since…,for…,this month,now等连用。 我学英语已经两年了。 I have studied English for two years. 他们自1980年就一直住在北京。 They have lived in Beijing since 1980. 我们从小就认识 We’ve known each other since we were children. C.表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。 这部电影他已经看了两遍了。 He has watched the films twice. 现在完成时的构成 否定形式：haven’t/hasn’t 疑问：Have you……?/Has he……? 现在完成时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式及简单回答形式（以动词study为例）： 肯定式：I (You) have　studied. He(She, It) has studied. We(You,They) have studied. 否定式 I (You) have not/haven’t studied. He(She,It)has not/hasn’t studied. We(You,They) have not/ haven’t studied. 疑问式：Have I( you ) studied Yes, you (I) have./No,you (I) haven’t. Has he (she,it) studied? 　 Yes,he(she,it) has.／No,he(she,it) hasn’t. Have we(you,they) studied? Yes, you (we,they) have. No,you (we,they) haven’t. 【强化】主语是第三人称单数是用has，其他人称用have 汤姆这个月已收到他爸爸的两次来信。Tom has heard from his father twice this month. 我已经完成了作业。 I have finished my homework. 现在完成时的标志词：already,yet,sometimes,often,before,lately,once,never,just,ever,so far, for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years since 过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home. 注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间. ◎He has been away since last week. He has been away for one week. 对划线部分提问都用How long 你们见过面吗？ Have you ever seen each other before? 我还没有完成我的作业。 I haven’t finished my homework yet. 你去过日本吗？ Have you ever been to Japan? ④.动词的过去分词形式 1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped ◎不规则变化的过去分词 A. 没有变化的：come-come，cut-cut B. 改变元音字母：begin-begun，swim-swum C. 改变辅音字母：build-built，lend-lent D. 元音和辅音均改变的：tell-told，teach-taught E. 添加部分字母：be—been，draw-drawn F. 其他：have-had，fly-flew have been to / have gone to / have been in的用法 【教材典句】 Millie and Amy have been to South Hill 米莉和埃米到过南山 Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong.基蒂和她的家人去了香港 She has gone to the bookstore.她去了书店。 【语法全解】 ①have been to,表示去过某个地方，不过现在已经回来了，常和once、twice、never、ever等连用。 He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了) ②have gone to表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中，常用于第三人称，不能和once、twice、never、ever等连用 He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里) have been in指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在 Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。 非延续性动词和延续性动词 【教材典句】 1. We haven’t seen each other since last week.自从上周以来我们就没见过面. 2. Mr Dong has lived here for many years.董先生住在这里很多年了。 3. The film has been on for 20 minutes.电影已经上演20分钟。 4. The first dolphin show began at 11:30a.m.第一场海豚表演是在上午11：30开始的。 · 现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间的状语连用的动词必须是连续性的， · 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间状语连用 如：be, have, know，live, work, study, learn, teach, keep, speak, talk, draw, wait, wear, walk, sleep, drive,write, do, clean等， · 非延续性动词，表示的动作不能延续，若要跟for和since连用，则要将非延续动词用延续性动词来代替，如come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave,begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up, become, borrow, lend, find, finish, receive 等，要转换成延续性动词才能与其连用（否定句除外I haven’t heard from my father for a long time. We haven’t seen him since 1999.），相应的转化形式如下： 非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 borrow / lend keep fall asleep be asleep buy have fall ill be ill finish / end be over get to know know arrive /come / go / move / reach /get to be in /at / be here /be there lose be lost begin / start be on become be open be open return / come back / get back be back close be closed join be in / be a member die be dead join the army be in the army /be a soldier leave be away（from） receive / get a letter have a letter go to school be in school / be a student catch / get a cold have a cold get up be up begin to study study （1）He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.他参军三年了。 =He has been a soldier for three years / since three years ago. （2）I have had the book for three months. 这本书我已经买了三个月了。 （3）My aunt has worked in a company since 1949.自从1949年我姑母就已经在这个公司工作了。 课堂练习 ( )1.一You haven't been to the West Lake, have you? 一 . But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation. A. No, I haven't B. No, I have C. Yes, I have D. Yes, I haven't ( )2.一Do you enjoy your new life near the airport? 一Well. I enjoy my life here except for(除了)the pollution. The planes make it hard for me to sleep well sometimes. A. air B. water C. noise D. light ( )3. Amy Jeff when they were both 25 years old. A. got married B. married C. married with D. married to ( )4.一Have you read the book A Tale of Two Cities? 一No, . A. already; ever B. yet; ever C. ever; never D. yet; already ( )5. Mr Hua for a holiday. He'll return in a month. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go ( )6. Mr Read knows Nanjing very well. He there many times. A. is B. will come C. comes D. has been ( )7.一Haven't you heard of a person called Zhang Cunhao? 一 . He is a famous scientist and won the 2014 Top Science and Technology Award. A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I did C. No, I haven't D. No, I didn't ( )8. Mary used to in the countryside, but now she is used to in the city. A. live; live B. live; living C. living; live D. living; living ( )9. The place was so beautiful that her husband could not stop photos. He took two hundred photos that day! A.to show B. showing C. taking D. to take ( )10.一Jay used to talk in class, ? 一Yes, but now he doesn't. A. didn't he B. usedn't he C. did he D. both A and B ( )11.一How do you like water sports? 一I like many of them. And is my favourite. A. hiking B. climbing C. jogging D. sailing ( )12. 一 local people’s life, the government has built a sports centre and a youth centre here. 一Great! There are more places for people to have fun. A. Improve B. Improving C. To improving D. To improve ( )13.一Will you take D5581 or G7619 to Hangzhou? 一G7619. I will have to more money, but it will much less time. A. take; pay B. take; cost C. spend; take D. spend; pay ( )14.一This car is Mrs White's. She it for over 5 years. 一 Really? It looks like a new one. A. has had B.has lent C.has bought D. has sold ( )15. The Statue of Liberty is in . A. Pisa of Italy B. London of England C.Tokyo of Japan D. New York of the USA 【答案】ACBCC DABCD DDCAD 课堂小结 课后作业 1、 完形填空 In August of 2011, Apple Computer became the most popular company in the world. However, Steve Jobs did not get to enjoy the 1 because he was in bad health because of cancers. Of course, any other person couldn’t 2 the best medical care that he had got, including a liver transplant.(肝移值） I think Steve was a great 3 leader. After learning about his death, I decided to find out more about Steve and share what I have 4 . In some ways, he was not much different from you and 5 .He was raised 6 a working class parents. Growing up he was energetic, cool and fun - loving. However, he was 7 .He was very clever. Like any other single child, he was 8 with few friends, and did not know how to share happiness. He couldn't get on well with 9 . He didn’t know how to make friends. But luckily, his wife was strong enough to 10 him. He invented Apple, had a child, and finally became 11 and famous. He became the CEO of Apple again in 1997 when the business was bad. He and his team worked day and night to turn this around. Sometimes he would 12 someone in the middle of the night about a great idea he 13 . He was a hard -working worker. In 2004 he had been in bad health. In 2009 he had a liver transplant. On October 5th, 2011, he 14 . Money does not mean much if you do not have good 15 . Health is more important than material success. 1.A. success B. sadness C. decision D. work 2.A. give B. afford C. take D. offer 3.A. school B. shop C. business D. factory 4.A. heard B. read C. talked D. learned 5.A. I B. my C. myself D. me 6.A. in B. by C. from D. with 7 A. the same B. stupid C. different D. outgoing 8.A. quiet B. happy C. cute D. cool 9.A. another B. others C. the others D. other 10.A. sit B. hate C. stand D. love 11.A. rich B. poor C. strong D. friendly 12.A. say B. call C. watch D. hear 13.A. came out B.came up with C. caught up D. picked up 14.A. got well B. arrived in C. passed away D. came in 15.A. time B. life C. family D. Health 【答案】ABCDD BCABC ABBCD 2、 阅读理解 A Easter is one of the two major Christian (基督教的) festivals. Easter celebrates (庆祝) the death (死亡) and resurrection (复活) of Jesus Christ (耶酥基督) and Christmas celebrates his birth (出生). It's not as big a festival as Christmas. It starts usually in late March or early April and the Easter holiday is Friday, Saturday, Sunday and Monday. It's quite a long holiday for everybody. The main symbol (象征物) of Easter is the Easter egg. Children like Easter eggs because they are made of chocolate. Eggs are a symbol of new life. Easter is also a time for families to get together like Christmas. Many people see Easter as a nice long holiday and they have a good time with their families and friends. ( )1. People love Easter because ________. A. it's a long holiday B. it's the birthday of Jesus Christ C. they can have real eggs on that day D. everybody believes in Jesus Christ ( )2. From the passage above，which sentence is wrong? A. Easter is one of the most important festivals in western countries. B. Easter is a day that everybody gets his resurrection. C. Easter is a religious (宗教) festival. D. Most people love Easter. ( )3. People begin to celebrate Easter in ________. A. mid-April or late April B mid-March or late March C. late March or early April D. early March or mid-March ( )4. Easter eggs are ________. A. covered by chocolate (用巧克力包着的) B. chocolate eggs C. a symbol of death D. not food ( )5. From the passage above，we can know that -________. A. Jesus Christ died on Christmas Day B. Jesus Christ was born on Christmas Day C. Jesus Christ was born on Easter D. Jesus Christ died and got his resurrection on Christmas Day 【答案】ABBAB B A poor farmer had never left his small village．After he made a lot of money，he decided to spend a holiday in an excellent hotel in a big town． When lunchtime came on his first day there，he went to eat it in the restaurant of the hotel in his new clothes．The headwaiter showed him to the table，took his order and went away．When he returned and looked at the farmer again，he was surprised．The farmer had tied his table cloth round his neck． The headwaiter immediately told another waiter to go to the farmer and tell him that people mustn’t do such a thing in his restaurant．So the waiter went to the farmer and said in a friendly voice，“Good morning，Sir．Would you like a haircut?” ( )6．The farmer decided to spend a holiday in a big town because________ ． A．he always spent his holiday there B．he wore his new clothes C．he never went to the big town D．he had become richer and wanted to see city life ( )7．To his surprise，the headwaiter found that the farmer________. A．was sitting at the table along B．he wore his new clothes C．used the table cloth as a napkin(餐巾) D．took the restaurant for a barber’s shop ( )8．Why do you think the farmer tied the cloth round his neck ? A．He didn’t want to make his clothes dirty B．He want to have his hair cut C．The headwaiter told him to do that D．He saw some other people doing this ( )9．The headwaiter told another waiter to ________． A．take some food to the farmer B．stop the farmer tying the cloth round his neck C．tie the table cloth round the farmer’s neck________． D．drive him out of the restaurant ( )10．From the sentence“Would you like a haircut?”we know the waiter wanted to A．have the farmer’s hair cut B．make an apology to the farmer C．cut the farmer’s hair himself D．make the farmer know his mistake 【答案】DCABD 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$