课文助读(7) Unit4 Understanding ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义晨背晚默（外研版2019）

课文助读(七) Understanding ideas 教材原文助读 ◎ ①forehead n．额，前额 ②partly adv.部分地，一定程度上 ③blank adj.无表情的，木然的 ④as to 关于，至于 ⑤dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 ⑥take a deep breath 深呼吸 ⑦struggle vi.奋斗，努力，争取 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle for... 为……奋斗 ⑧turn...into... 使……变成…… ⑨chairwoman n．女主席；女会长 ⑩row upon row of... 一排排的…… ⑪delicate adj.脆弱的；精美的；(颜色)柔和的 ⑫end up 最终成为 end up doing sth. 以做某事告终 ⑬potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 ⑭grow wild (植物)自发生长，野生 ⑮give sth.back to 将某物归还，将某物送回 ⑯be bitten by sth. 对某事物着迷，热衷于某事物 ⑰the start­up bug 创业狂热 bug n．突然的兴趣，迷恋 ⑱enterprising adj.有事业心的；有进取心的；有创业精神的 ⑲in the hope of... 抱着……的希望 ⑳passion n．强烈情感，激情；酷爱 ㉑meet with rejection 遭到拒绝 rejection n．拒绝接受，否决；拒绝 ㉒all­important input 极重要的投入 all­important adj.极重要的 input n．投入(物) ㉓entrepreneur n．创业者，企业家 entrepreneurial adj.具有创业精神的，创业的 entrepreneurial spirit 创业精神 ㉔obstacle n．障碍， 阻碍，妨碍 an obstacle to (doing) sth. (做)某事的障碍 ㉕nurse vt.培育，培养，悉心照料 ㉖at the initial phase 在初始阶段 phase n．阶段，时期 ㉗multi­million 数百万的 [构词法]multi­常用于构成名词和形容词，表示“多个，许多”。常见的词还有multicultural(多元文化的)，multimedia(多媒体的)，multinational(跨国的)，multipurpose(多用途的)。 ㉘manufacturer n．制造商；制造公司，制造厂 ㉙purchase vt.购买 ㉚distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销 ㉛decent adj.相当不错的 ㉜bonus n．奖金；红利 ㉝welcome vt.乐意接纳，欣然接受 ㉞seek guidance 寻求指导 guidance n．指导，引导 ㉟rush into(doing) sth. 仓促行事，匆忙行事 ㊱sound adj.合理的，明智的，正确的 ㊲access to... 获得/使用……的机会 access n．(使用或见到的)机会；通道 ㊳capital n．资金，资本, ◎ Business Blossoms As she spoke，Zhang Yue put her hands behind her back to hide that they were shaking.[1]She couldn't，however，hide the line of sweat running down her forehead①，which was caused partly② by the heat of the television studio，but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.[2]They stared back，their blank③ faces giving no clue as to④ what they would say next.Feeling dizzy⑤，Zhang Yue took a deep breath⑥ as she struggled⑦ to finish her presentation，“And that is why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business into⑧ a successful one.” [1]本句是主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语；句中的running down her forehead为动词­ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰sweat。 [2]本句是主从复合句。their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next为独立主格结构，表示伴随的动作，动词­ing形式短语的逻辑主语是their blank faces；句中的“what they would say next”为what引导的宾语从句，作as to的宾语。 Now chairwoman⑨ of her own company，Zhang Yue is fond of saying，“The early bird catches the worm.”[3]The place where this happens is a valley，a world away from any television studio.Moving carefully through the darkness，she passes row upon row of⑩ rose plants.In an hour，these fields will be full of people，working quickly to pick the flowers before sunrise.“It has to be done then，”says Zhang.“These flowers are delicate⑪.” [3]本句是主从复合句。where引导定语从句，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语；a world away from any television studio是valley的同位语。 Zhang never thought that this was something she would end up⑫ doing.[4]Surrounded by roses as she was growing up, she paid them little attention.[5]It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential⑬.“Conditions are ideal here，”she says.“This is a place where roses grow wild⑭.” [4]过去分词短语作让步状语，其中as引导时间状语从句。 [5]本句是强调句，强调时间状语only after graduating...her parents。 Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses，which surprised many people.“I wanted to experience the freedom of being my own boss，”she said.“But I also wanted to give something back to⑮ my home town.[6]As people say，‘It takes a village to raise a child.’” [6]本句是主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句，As指代主句的内容；It takes...child中的It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to raise a child。 She is not the only young person to have been bitten by⑯ the start­up bug⑰.All over the world，an increasing number of enterprising⑱ young people are thinking of starting their own businesses，as the growing economy creates more opportunities.Like Zhang，they present their ideas in the hope of⑲ getting investment and advice，and they have the same passion⑳ and devotion.The majority meet with rejection㉑.A few，like Zhang Yue，find themselves lucky enough to get investment and the all­important input㉒ and support from more experienced business people.The road to their success is however still a long and difficult one，[7]with many challenges along the way． [7]with 复合结构作状语 As someone who grew up in the country，Zhang already knew about growing plants.However，like any entrepreneur㉓ who was just starting out，she still had a lot to learn.She has overcome a number of obstacles㉔ in nursing㉕ her business to the success [8]it is today．“The biggest challenge at the initial phase㉖was to persuade people to work for me，which was totally outside my experience.Few in the village believed I could create a multi­million㉗yuan business from flowers，”says Zhang.“After I went on TV，a major Asian manufacturer㉘ of cosmetics was willing to purchase㉙ my product and help with its distribution㉚.[9]It was only then that the locals began to believe me.Now my product is one of the best in Asia.This year，I can pay all my fellow workers a decent㉛ bonus㉜.” [8]省略了关系词that/which的定语从句，关系词在从句中作表语。 [9]本句是一个强调句，强调时间状语only then。 Seeing her peers who also dream of success and independence，Zhang has mixed feelings.Though she welcomes㉝ the new entrepreneurial spirit，[10]she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance㉞ from expert consultants before rushing into㉟ things． [10]that引导宾语从句，从句作advises的宾语。此处advise表示“建议”，故其后所跟的宾语从句应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词使用“(should＋)动词原形”的形式。 “I love running my own business，but it's not for everyone，”says Zhang.“To succeed in business，you need more than a good idea，hard work and determination.[11]What really matters is a sound㊱ business plan，access to㊲ capital㊳，and good management and negotiating skills.Most of all，don't be too ambitious.You should know your own limits and those of the people you work with.For young people who have little life experience，that can be a challenge.” [11]What引导主语从句，这样的结构可以避免“头重脚轻”，也能让语言表达更加简洁、清晰，同时还有强调主语的功能。 ◎ 创业之花 发言时，张悦把手放在背后，以掩饰双手的颤抖。但她无法掩饰从额头淌下的一行汗水。一部分是因为电视演播室里有些热，但更多的则是因为她害怕坐在她面前的四个人。他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人对他们接下来会说什么毫无头绪。张悦感到一阵眩晕，做了个深呼吸，然后努力完成她的陈述，“这就是为什么我需要你们的帮助，使我这个全新的、激动人心的创业项目获得成功。” 张悦现在是自己公司的董事长，她总喜欢说：“早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”她创业的地点在一个山谷里，这是一个远离任何电视演播室的世界。她小心地在黑暗中穿行，经过一排又一排的玫瑰植株。一小时后这些田地里将会挤满人，在日出前快速采摘玫瑰花。“必须在那个时候采。”张悦说，“这些花是很娇嫩的。” 张悦以前从未想过自己最后会做这一行。她从小到大，身边到处都是玫瑰，她很少注意到它们。直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母之后，才意识到这里的潜力。“这里的条件非常理想。”她说，“玫瑰在这个地方自然生长。” 因此，张悦决定回到家乡并种植玫瑰，这让很多人感到惊讶。“我想体验当自己老板的自由。”她说，“但同时我也想回报我的家乡。正如人们所说：‘养育一个孩子需要整个村庄的力量。’” 她并不是唯一一个着迷于创业的年轻人。在世界各地，经济的不断增长创造了更多的机会，越来越多有事业心的年轻人开始考虑自己创业。像张悦一样，他们表达自己的想法，希望以此获得投资和建议。而且，他们也拥有同样的热情和为事业奉献的决心。他们中的大多数会遭到拒绝，但包括张悦在内的少数人会非常幸运地获得投资，并从更有经验的商界人士那里获得非常关键的投入和支持。不过他们的成功之路仍然漫长而艰难，一路上会遇到许多挑战。 作为一个在农村长大的人，张悦已经了解作物种植了。不过，跟所有刚起步的企业家一样，她要学的还有很多。为了取得今天的成就，她精心打理生意，克服了许多障碍。“在初始阶段，最大的挑战就是说服人们来为我工作，这完全超出了我的经验范围。村里几乎没人相信我能从花卉生意中赚到几百万元。”张悦说，“我上了电视后，一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销。直到那时本地人才开始相信我。现在我提供的是亚洲最好的产品之一。今年，我可以给我的同事们发一笔丰厚的奖金了。” 看到同龄人也梦想着成功和独立，张悦的心情很复杂。她尽管希望看到新的创业精神，但也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。 “我热爱经营自己的生意，但不是每个人都适合做这个。”张悦说，“要想在事业上取得成功，你需要的不仅仅是好的理念、勤奋和决心。真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划，获得资金的渠道，以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。最重要的是，野心不要太大。你得知道自己的极限，还有与你共事的人的极限。对于缺乏生活经验的年轻人来说，那会是个挑战。” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$