Unit3 Section Ⅱ Using language-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Using language A pack rat is really a wood rat.It is called a pack rat ①because it collects objects and takes them home.Pack rats often steal things ②after/when people go to bed. Pack rats often trade one thing for another.③When the pack rat comes across an object that looks better ④than the one it happens to be carrying home at the time, it drops the first object and carries off the new one.These animals are sometimes called trade rats because of this unusual habit. ⑤Although/Though some other small animals make the similar ball­shaped nests, only pack rats protect their nests with a large wall of sticks.⑥Unless it is mating (交配) or raising its young, a pack rat lives alone.It lives in the same home all year long and often for its whole life. 1．加黑部分均为状语从句。状语从句可根据其作用分为时间、地点、原因、方式、让步、比较等状语从句。 2．①是because引导的原因状语从句。 3．②和③是时间状语从句。 4．④是比较状语从句。 5．⑤是让步状语从句。 6．⑥是条件状语从句。 复习状语从句 一、状语从句的概述 状语从句指的是句子的状语由一个从句充当。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句首时，一般在后面加逗号；放在句尾时，一般不在前面加逗号。 ①The students ran into the classroom as soon as the bell rang. 铃声一响学生们就跑进了教室。 ②Although he is disabled，he still insists on finishing the task by himself. 尽管他身患残疾，他仍然坚持独立完成任务。 二、状语从句的分类 状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。 (一)时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until； 特殊引导词组：the minute, the moment, the second, the instant, every time, the day，immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner...than..., hardly...when..., scarcely...when...等。 1．when，while, as 的用法 连词 含义及用法 when when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。 while while引导的从句的谓语动词常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。 as as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”。 ①When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 他完成作业后，休息了一会儿。 ②While you go to China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 当你在中国的时候，一定要去游览黄山！ ③As he grew older，he became less active. 随着年龄的增长，他变得不那么活跃了。 2．before和since的用法 (1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；趁着”。常用于句型“It will be＋时间＋before＋从句”(还需多久才能……)；“It won't be＋long＋before＋从句”(用不了多久就会……)；“It was＋时间＋before＋从句”(过了多久才……)；“It wasn't＋long＋before＋从句”(没过多久就……)。 It will be two years before they graduate from senior high school. 两年后他们就从高中毕业了。 (2)since表示“自从……以来” since引导的从句的谓语动词一般要用非延续性动词，主句中用完成时态。如果从句的谓语动词用延续性动词或状态动词的过去式，所表示的就是动作或状态的完成或结束。 ①I have fallen in love with journalism since I was a child. 我从小就爱上了新闻工作。 ②The house has been in bad repair since they lived in it. 自从他们搬出去以后，这房子一直没有很好的维修。 3．till和until的用法 till和until用于肯定句，意义为“直到，一直到……为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换(till一般不放句首)，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是表示位置转移或非延续性的动词，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。 ①A friend is never known till/until (he is) needed. 需要之时方知友。 ②It was not until the class was over that he began to talk with me. 直到下课之后他才开始跟我说话。 ③I didn't work until he came back. 直到他回来我才开始工作。 4．表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句 (1)引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...等。 ①Directly you feel any pains，you must go to the doctor. 你一感觉疼痛就必须去看医生。 ②I was so tired that I fell asleep the moment/as soon as/the instant/the minute my head touched the pillow. 我太累了，头一碰到枕头就睡着了。 (2)在hardly/scarcely...when...，no sooner...than...中，主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner和hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 ①Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry. 他一听到这个消息就哭了。 ②No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到火车站，火车就开走了。 5．引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语) (1)其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after，whenever，every time，each time，next time，the first/last time，any time，by the time，the day/year等。 Every time I express an opinion，she always argues back. 每当我表达自己的看法时，她总是会反驳回来。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时；从句如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。 ①By the time you come back，we will have finished the job. 到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。 ②By the time we got there，the rain had stopped. 我们到那儿时，雨已经停了。 (二)地点状语从句 表示位置或方向的从句叫地点状语从句，它主要由where和wherever引导，意义为“在……地方，在任何……地方”。有时anywhere(任何地方)，everywhere(到处，各地)等也可以用来引导地点状语从句。从句的位置可位于主句之前，也可位于其后。 ①Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. 一般来说，有工厂的地方空气就会受到严重污染。 ②Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。 【点拨】　地点状语从句易与where 引导的定语从句混淆，其根本区别在于定语从句有先行词，而地点状语从句没有。 ①Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.(地点状语从句) 在你怀疑或有疑问的地方做个标记。 ②At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands where artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.(定语从句) 中国艺术节上有不同的展台，艺术家可以在展台展示他们的技艺并教给参观者。 ————即学即练1———— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There is only one more day to go before your favorite music band plays live. ②Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. ③As the pace of life grows faster，we are losing the art of relaxation. ④我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。 I found all the missing things where I had left them． ⑤无论我们走到哪里，都会受到欢迎。 We are always welcome wherever we go． (三)条件状语从句 常用if, unless，as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case, on condition that等引导。 ①Some parents will buy any high­tech toy if they think it will help their child. 一些家长认为，如果高科技玩具对他们的孩子有帮助的话，他们都会购买。 ②He will never make progress in math unless he really wants to learn it. 除非他真的想学数学，否则他永远不会在数学上取得进步。 ③Providing that he can win the support of most of the classmates, he will be elected the monitor. 如果他能赢得大多数同学的支持，他就会被选为班长。 【点拨】　在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。 In case there is a fire，what will we do first? 万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？ ————即学即练2———— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She says that she'll have to close the shop unless business improves. ②他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们必须在周末前归还。 They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend． ③我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。 My parents don't mind what job I do as long as I am happy． (四)原因状语从句 1．常用because, since, as, now that (既然)，seeing that (鉴于，由于)，considering that (考虑到)，in that (因为), given that (鉴于，考虑到)等引导。 ①Now that you've listed your strengths, list your imperfections. 既然你已经列出了你的优点，那再列出你的缺点吧。 ②The book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 这本书不同于那本书，因为这本是关于化学的而那本是关于历史的。 2．because, since, as的用法区别 连词 意义 because 语气最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。 since 语气稍弱，表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”。 as 语气最弱，原因通常较为明显，只是对结果的附带说明，不能回答why提出的问题。 ①I didn't go to school because I was badly ill. 我因为病得很严重而没去上学。 ②Since we are available, let's go to see a movie. 既然我们都有空，那我们去看个电影吧。 ③As it is snowing outside, I stay at home. 因为外面在下雪，所以我待在家里。 (五)目的状语从句 常用so that, in order that，for fear that，in the hope that等来引导。 ①They decide to have more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed. 为了不拖延工期，他们决定让更多的工人来参与这项工程。 ②I called my mentor in the hope that there could be more professional suggestions from him. 我打电话给我的导师，希望能从他那里得到些更专业的建议。 【点拨】　目的状语从句中常含有can，could，may，might，should等情态动词。 (六)结果状语从句 常用so that, so...that, such that, such...that, so much/many...that来引导。 1．so...that如此……以至于 ①He always practised so hard that he made great progress in English. 他总是那么努力地练习，以至于他在英语上取得了很大的进步。 ②It was so interesting a book that he couldn't put it down. 那是一本非常有趣的书，以至于他对它爱不释手。 2．such...that如此……以至于 ①It's such nice weather that all of us want to go for a picnic. 天气这么好，我们大家都想去野餐。 ②Sunlight is such an important energy that we cannot live without it. 太阳光是非常重要的能源，没有它我们就不能生存。 (七)让步状语从句 常用although, though, as, even if/though, whatever, however, whoever, no matter what/who/how等引导。 ①—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —Even though it is not what you like, that doesn't mean it is bad. ——为什么人们会喜欢流行音乐？我太讨厌它(流行音乐)了。 ——虽然它不是你喜欢的，但那并不代表它不好。 ②Exhausted as/though he was, he still kept on working. 尽管他筋疲力尽，他仍继续工作。 ③No matter what happened, he would not lose heart. ＝Whatever happened, he would not lose heart. 无论发生什么，他都不会丧失信心。 【点拨】　①Though和although不与连词but连用。 ②as引导让步状语从句时必须把表语、状语或动词原形等提至句首，构成部分倒装语序。 (八)方式状语从句 常用as, as if, as though，just as，like等引导。 ①Everything happened as expected. 一切都如期而至。 ②He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 (九)比较状语从句 常用as, than, the more...the more..., A is to B what/as C is to D, no...more than, not so/as...as等引导。 ①The air in the city is not so pure as that in the country. 城市里的空气没有乡间的洁净。 ②Water is to fish as/what air is to human. 水之于鱼，犹如空气之于人。 【点拨】　在as和than引导的比较状语从句中，从句常常省去同主句相同的部分，只留下相比的部分；从句常用do或其他助动词或情态动词的某种形式代替与主句相同的谓语部分。 ①I know you better than he (knows you). 我比他更了解你。 ②Jack works as hard as Jim does. 杰克工作和吉姆一样努力。 ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Though/Although scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know. ②However exact our science is, we can not know the future as we know the past. ③He worked so carefully that he did not make single mistake. ④The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife. ⑤妈妈看到早餐的那一瞬，幸福感涌上了心头。(2021·浙江卷读后续写) The instant/minute she saw the breakfast, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her. ⑥如果你能给我提供更多的信息，随时通知我。(2021·全国甲卷) If you can furnish me with more information, just feel free to inform me. ⑦既然天气变好，比赛将如期举行。 Since the weather has improved, the game will be held as planned. ⑧她对每个学生都如此耐心以至于我们都喜欢她。(2020·全国乙卷) She is so patient with each student that we all like her. give an account of 描述→account n．描述，叙述；报告；账户 v．说明；解释；认为 (1)take...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内 on account of... 因为，由于 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装) (2)account for... 是……的原因；解释……；(数量上、比例上)占…… 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened. ②It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent. ③我们绝对不能忽略知识以及实践经验的价值。 On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge, as well as practical experience. ④我真诚地希望你将认真考虑我的建议。 I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account． (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.选用方框内合适的内容并用其正确形式完成下列句子(每项限用一次)。(每题2分，共10分) get information on, lead to a legacy, give a reliable account of, promote exchange and understanding, bring knowledge of 1．They are planning a trip to the Longmen Grottoes and want to get information on the best time to visit. 2．Ancient Chinese scrolls and paintings can give a reliable account of Zheng He's voyages and their impact on global trade and cultural exchange. 3．Student exchange programs are designed to promote exchange and understanding by engaging students in new cultural environments. 4．Traders and explorers on the Silk Road played a crucial role in bringing knowledge of diverse cultures and civilizations to different regions. 5．The success of the Hangzhou Asian Games has further established China's position on the global sports stage and led to a legacy of international cooperation and competition. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) 1．He tried his best to solve the problem, however difficult it was. 2．If you are concerned about environmental pollution, you'd better use the public transport rather than drive a car. 3．How did you feel when you saw the terrible accident happening in front of you? 4．It will be at least two months before we meet again. 5．It has been five years since he moved here. 6．He made so big a fire that the room was quite warm. 7．Tired as/though he was，he never complained to anyone. 8．It was because he was ill that he didn't attend the meeting. 9．He will come to call on you the moment he finishes (finish) his painting. 10．The boy is running impatiently here and there as if searching (search) for something lost on the sports ground. Ⅲ.选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。(每题2分，共14分) An increasing number of Chinese studying or working abroad are becoming vloggers, sharing their daily lives in foreign countries on video platforms. Lu Weiyi is one of them.She went to Africa to teach Chinese in 2019.1.When (When/If) she first found out that she would teach in Comoros, her family was a bit worried.“But I was very excited 2.because (because/so) it was my first time living so far away on my own.It would definitely be an unforgettable memory for a lifetime！” Lu said. Lu was happy to arrive in the foreign country and eager to experience a different and thrilling lifestyle.3.Although (Although/Until) she encountered many challenges, she quickly adapted to the new surroundings after a week or two.“4.No matter how (No matter what/No matter how) busy I was, I appreciated the chance to engage with students of various age groups.5.Once (Till/Once) we organized activities for the social interest class, many locals showed great interest，” Lu said proudly. In her spare time, Lu started vlogging 6.so that (as if/so that) she could share her daily life on the Internet.Her videos introduced Comoros to many netizens, who were also amazed to find that Lu's African students could speak Chinese fluently. In September 2023, Lu completed her teaching in Comoros and returned to China.Lu will apply for another overseas assignment in Africa.She wants to further contribute to the promotion of Chinese culture 7.wherever (wherever/whenever) she goes. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共16分) (2024·徐州高二下期末)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for.To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say “Cheers！” around the world. Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine.They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”：à votre santé！ Is it just us，or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime：brunch，to celebrate something，or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend.It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world.When in Italy，the most common toast is “cin cin”，which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan.It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.If you find yourself in the land of Japan，stick with “kampai”，which means “cheers！” If you haven't been to Ireland—what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but，again，practice makes perfect.Simply say，“Slàinte mhath.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，“干杯”的表达体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。 1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？ A．À votre santé. B．Cin cin. C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’：à votre santé！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“à votre santé！”，故A项正确。] 2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The Italian wine. B．A toast from China. C．A Japanese custom. D．A French expression. B　[代词指代题。根据第三段第四、五句“When in Italy，the most common toast is‘cin cin’，which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan.”可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cin cin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你在日本被赶出酒吧；据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。] 3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text? A．It is famous for food. B．Its language is simple. C．It makes perfect wine. D．It is well worth visiting. D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。] 4．What's the main purpose of the text? A．To introduce the world­famous wine. B．To show how to make friends in bars. C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally. D．To recommend some famous travel destinations. C　[写作意图题。本文第一段最后一句“To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world.”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。] Ⅱ.完形填空(每题2分，共30分) (2024·威海高二下期末)One day about ten years ago, we were walking in the Giant Mountains, Czech Republic, when it suddenly rained heavily.We found a 1 under the roof of some ski lifts (缆车) and prepared for the night.The kind­hearted elderly man who worked there, in a 2 of languages, gestures and drawing pictures， 3 that we could stay at his home that night. Being penniless students, we eagerly took up his 4 naturally, for we saw he was a 5 person.His wife 6 us to a big meal.The couple was quite lovely and we had a great evening, though 7 was a bit difficult.That night we slept well in a clean room. The next day, our host 8 his long cape (斗篷) and stuff that was part of his clothes as “Guardian of the Mountains”．The children there called him that or “Krkonoš”， 9 he looked like the giant in the local 10 with large figure and long flowing white hair and beard. 11 ，he was quite a 12 in his village because of that.He drove us through the mountains， 13 at nice locations where we could take some photos. We 14 him and his wife again last month and Krkonoš hadn't changed a bit! There is 15 in the mountain. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我们”一行人在山区旅行时突降大雨，一位好心的老人和他的妻子热情地帮助了“我们”的故事。 1． A．shade B．shelter C．entrance D．evidence B　[根据上文中的“rained heavily”可知，“我们”发现在缆车顶下找到一个避雨的地方。shade 阴凉； shelter (尤指用以躲避风雨或攻击的)遮蔽物，庇护所；entrance入口；evidence证据。] 2． A．description B．strategy C．thought D．mixture D　[根据下文中的“languages，gestures and drawing pictures”可知，此处表示语言、手势和画画相结合。description描述；strategy策略；thought想法；mixture混合，结合体。] 3． A．requested B．reminded C．signaled D．stated C　[根据上文中的“languages，gestures and drawing pictures”可知，老人示意“我们”可以住在他的家里。request请求；remind提醒；signal示意，发信号；state陈述。] 4． A．answer B．comment C．promise D．offer D　[根据上文中的“we could stay at his home that night”可知，“我们”热切地接受了他的提议。answer回答；comment评论；promise承诺；offer提议。] 5． A．stubborn B．decent C．senior D．humorous B　[根据上文中的“we eagerly took up his 4 naturally”可知，“我们”认为他是一个正派的人。stubborn固执的；decent正派的，公平的；senior 级别高的；humorous幽默的。] 6． A．treated B．encouraged C．admitted D．greeted A　[根据下文中的“a big meal”可知，他的妻子请“我们”吃大餐。treat招待，款待，请(客)；encourage鼓励；admit承认；greet问候。] 7． A．cooperation B．accommodation C．communication D．connection C　[根据上文中的“in a 2 of languages，gestures and drawing pictures”可知，“我们”和这对夫妇交流起来有点困难。cooperation合作；accommodation住宿；communication交流；connection联系。] 8． A．set aside B．threw away C．took off D．put on D　[根据下文中的“He drove us through the mountains”及语境可知，老人穿上了长斗篷。set aside把……放到一旁；throw away扔掉；take off起飞，脱下；put on穿上。] 9． A．though B．as C．unless D．if B　[根据上文中的“The children there called him that or ‘Krkonoš’”可知，孩子们叫他Krkonoš，因为他看起来像当地传说故事中的巨人。as引导原因状语从句。] 10．A．tale B．saying C．report D．survey A　[根据下文中的“with large figure and long flowing white hair and beard”并结合语境可知，此处指传说中的巨人。tale传说，故事；saying谚语，格言；report报道；survey调查。] 11．A．Completely B．Generally C．Apparently D．Extremely C　[根据上文中的“The children there called him that or ‘Krkonoš’”可知，显然，这位老人在当地是一位名人。completely完全地；generally一般地；apparently显然；extremely非常。] 12．A．celebrity B．pioneer C．sponsor D．leader A　[根据上文孩子们叫他“大山的守卫者”可知，显然，这位老人在当地是一位名人。celebrity名人；pioneer先锋；sponsor赞助人；leader领导。] 13．A．hiding B．stopping C．looking D．jumping B　[根据下文中的“at nice locations where we could take some photos”可知，他会在一些好的位置停车让“我们”拍照。hide躲藏；stop停下；look看；jump跳。] 14．A．visited B．paid C．disturbed D．praised A　[根据下文中的“Krkonoš hadn't changed a bit”及语境可知，“我们”再次拜访了他和他的妻子。visit拜访；pay付钱；disturb打扰；praise表扬。] 15．A．adventure B．secret C．magic D．freedom C　[根据上文中的“Krkonoš hadn't changed a bit”可知，Krkonoš没怎么变，山里有魔力。adventure 冒险；secret秘密；magic魔力；freedom自由。故选C。] Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) (2024·日照高二下期末)Do you know Dunhuang？Dunhuang is home to the Mogao Grottoes，1. UNESCO World Heritage Site, elements of which are 2. display in an ongoing exhibition at the National Base for International Cultural Trade in Beijing.Painted sculptures and other splendid items of cultural heritage have been reproduced, while the caves 3. are now closed have been reproduced in digital form. The exhibition area, 4. (cover) some 1，600 square meters, features the results of research on nearly 50 sets of cultural relics from the Dunhuang Academy.5. the real grotto in Dunhuang is no longer open to the public, the digitally 6. (restore) grotto can be preserved forever in the digital space. Opening in July, the exhibition will last for three years.It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy 7. (hold) such a long exhibition in Beijing.By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” had completed the digital 8. (collect) of 268 grottoes.Such projects have provided a means of preserving China's splendid cultural heritage for future generations, while making it more 9. (wide) available both at home and abroad.It is hoped that the “digital Dunhuang” will not only allow more audiences to experience the artistic charm of Dunhuang, 10. also promote exchanges between cultures along the Belt and Road under new historical conditions. [语篇解读]本文是新闻报道。敦煌是联合国教科文组织世界遗产莫高窟的所在地，北京国家对外文化贸易基地正举办一场关于莫高窟元素的展览。 1．a　[考查冠词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，UNESCO World Heritage Site是the Mogao Grottoes的同位语，空处填入不定冠词表泛指，即“一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产地”，且UNESCO的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。] 2．on　[考查介词。on display“展出”，是固定搭配。] 3．that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为caves，且所填词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。] 4．covering　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作定语，cover与主语The exhibition area为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填covering。] 5．Although/Though/While　[考查连词。此处是说尽管真正的石窟不再向公众开放，但经过数字修复的石窟在数字空间中可以永远保存下来。空处引导让步状语从句，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。] 6．restored　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰grotto，restore与grotto是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填restored。] 7．has held　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这是敦煌研究院第一次在北京举办这么长时间的展览。在“It is the first/second/third/...time＋从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时；又因the Dunhuang Academy为第三人称单数，故填has held。] 8．collection　[考查词形转换。空处作had completed的宾语，应用其名词形式，指268个石窟的数字采集。故填collection。] 9．widely　[考查词形转换。空处修饰形容词available，应用副词widely。] 10．but　[考查固定搭配。not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，是固定用法。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$