Unit3 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Ⅰ.读文章细节 1．What's the main idea of the passage? A．The background of the establishment of Lianda. B．Reasons for the establishment of Lianda. C．How the students of Lianda study hard. D．The establishment of Lianda and its influence. 2．The reason for the establishment of Lianda is ． A．to continue educating students in China B．to save the educational and intellectual heritage of three universities C．to train soldiers for the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression D．to improve the consciousness of the whole people in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression 3．Which is WRONG about the difficulties Lianda was faced with at that time? A．There were no enough classrooms and equipment. B．The harassment and attack from the enemy. C．Lack of teachers. D．Poor natural environment. 4．What is the theme of Zha Liangzheng's poem in the passage? A．To call on people to fight with the invaders. B．To remind people not to forget the hardships the Chinese people suffered. C．To advise students to study in Lianda. D．To describe the contributions his peers made. 答案：1～4　DBCD Ⅱ.学表达技巧 场景描写 [教材1]　Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2，000 kilometres，most of them on foot. [分析]　句子描述了教授和学生们徒步完成一次长达2 000多千米的漫长而艰辛的行程的生动画面。 [仿写]　尝试用场景描写补全句子 星星点缀着夜空，满月照亮了夜晚。一切都显得平静而美丽。 The stars dotted the sky and the full moon lit up the night. Everything seemed peaceful and beautiful. 修辞手法 [教材2]　①Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. ②They had to live in rough buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines. [分析]　①句运用了暗喻的修辞手法，描写赶往联大的教授和学生在途中“以天为盖，以地为庐”的艰苦条件。 ②句运用了明喻的修辞手法，描写联大的居住环境之恶劣。 [仿写]　尝试用比喻修辞补全句子 ①关于外表的负面思绪可能会像乌云一样始终笼罩着你。 Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all the time like a rain cloud． ②故乡，是余光中笔下那张窄窄的船票，总是在呼唤游子归航。 Hometown is the narrow ticket written by Yu Guangzhong, which always calls for tourists to return home. 过渡衔接 [教材3]　However，despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. [分析]　句中先是运用衔接词however与上文内容形成转折关系，然后又使用了介词despite，表示“即使，尽管”，和并列连词not only...but...，描写了联大学者即使面对重重困难也坚定信念，满怀热情，不仅保护而且巩固了我国的知识遗产。 [仿写]　尝试用适当的过渡词汇补全语段 ①Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. ②We know we should not only build a new school but also equip it with modern teaching equipment. However, the difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money. 动作描写 [教材4]　“On windy days, we had to hold down the paper on the desk, which would otherwise be blown away，” he said. [分析]　句中中用动词短语hold down描写出了刮风的时候为了防止纸被风吹走而不得不把纸压在桌子上的动作，反映出在艰苦的环境中学生对于知识的渴望和对学习的坚定信念。 [仿写]　尝试用有关动词hold的短语补全句子 ①我本想告诉他真实情况，但又开不了口。 I wanted to tell him the truth, but something held me back． ②他精神崩溃以后就没能保住工作。 He was unable to hold down a job after his breakdown. 高频词汇练全 emerge v．出现；显现；暴露→emergency n．突发事件；紧急状态 (1)emerge from 从……中出现或显露 (2)in an emergency 在紧急情况下 a state of emergency 紧急状态 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He has made every arrangement to meet any emergency (emerge). ②It is important to keep calm in an emergency. ③就在汽车的整个前部沉到水下时，肖恩的头浮出水面。 Just as the car's entire front was underwater, Shawn's head emerged from the surface． hold down 压制；限制；保住(工作) hold back 阻挡；抑制；控制 hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂断；坚持住，挺住 hold on to 抓住；保持；不要放弃 hold out (食物等)维持；伸出(手)；坚持 hold up 举起；支撑；耽搁 【练透】　用hold短语填空 ①The girl held on to a branch desperately until we came to her rescue. ②They are ready to hold out friendly hands as soon as they see a troop in trouble. ③When he left the telephone to find a pencil, he asked me to hold on． ④Hold up your hands if you have any puzzles about what I've just explained. ⑤Constant injury problems had made it tough for him to hold down a regular first team place. representative n．代表 adj.典型的；有代表性的→represent v．代表，象征；作为……的代表；描绘 (1)be representative of 代表着……；是……的代表 (2)represent...as... 把……描绘成…… 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They were represented as true patriots in the film. ②Are your opinions representative (represent) of the other students? ③颐和园、紫禁城和长城是古代文明的代表，也是古代人民智慧的结晶。(2021·天津卷应用文) The Summer Palace, the Forbidden City and the Great Wall are the representatives of ancient civilization and the wisdom of ancient folks. sum n．金额，款项 v．总结；概括 a large sum of 大量的 in sum/summary＝to sum up 总而言之 sum up 总结；概括 其他表示“总而言之”的短语：in short; in brief; all in all; in a word; in conclusion; to conclude 等。 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I had to spend a large sum of money to get the lens back. ②The last section sums up the arguments on either side. ③总而言之，为了拥有健康的心脏，你必须经常锻炼而且要戒烟。 To sum up/In sum/All in all，for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. relevant adj.有关的，切题的→relevance n．相关性；关联性→relevantly adv.贴切地 (1)be relevant to 与……相关 (2)have no relevance to 与……无关 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①What you are saying has no relevance (relevant) to the matter in hand. ②The applicant has experience in teaching and, more relevantly (relevant), in industry. ③我很荣幸地告诉你一些和当地建筑相关的信息。 It is a great honour for me to tell you some information that is relevant to the local architecture． 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境选出rough的含义 A．adj.粗糙的；不平滑的　B．adj.粗略的；大致的　C．adj.粗暴的；粗野的　D．adj.艰难的　E．adj.汹涌的；风浪很大的 ①We'll get someone in to do the rough work. D ②I don't like the idea of my son going round with those rough boys. C ③There were about 20 people there, at a rough guess. B ④The skin on her hands was hard and rough. A ⑤It was too rough to sail that night. E Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①He was peering closely at the photograph when I came in.vi.仔细看 ②He will see that he is participating in all the decisions of the collective.n.集体企业 重点句式练透 句型公式：It is no wonder that...难怪…… 教材原文：It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. 难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国最杰出的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁和李政道。 (1)It's no/little/small/wonder (that)...＝No/little/small/wonder (that)...难怪……；……不足为奇 It's a wonder that...令人惊奇的是…… (2)wonder＋if/whether...想知道是否…… wonder＋what/how/who/where/when想知道…… 【练透】　完成句子 ①他已经去过那里很多次了。难怪他不赞成去那里度假的计划。 He has been there many times.It is no wonder/No wonder (that) he doesn't approve of the plan to go there for holidays. ②我有时会想我的老朋友现在在哪儿，在做些什么。 I sometimes wonder where my old friend is now and what she's doing. ③地震发生后，他依靠一瓶矿泉水幸存了下来，这真是个奇迹。 It was a wonder (that) he had survived on a bottle of mineral water after the earthquake. (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1.5分，共12分) 1．We must strengthen the regulation and control of grain (粮食) markets. 2．Hundreds of soldiers died while defending the town against Japanese military aggression (侵略). 3．That couple always holds a little celebration every year on their wedding anniversary (周年纪念日). 4．We can go to the countryside when there is a gentle breeze (微风). 5．When he got the Olympic champion, his moment of glory (荣耀的事) came. 6．She was rejected by her peer (同龄人) group and felt lonely. 7．By putting them into practice I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual (智力的) education. 8．Richard was waiting outside the door as she emerged (出现). Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) 1．All the information he told us was relevant to the important event. 2．The rabbit will not emerge from its hole while you are there. 3．Some minority languages are losing their identities because of the invasion (invade) of more popular spoken ones. 4．The decisions we make, personally or collectively (collective), will determine the outcomes of science. 5．To sum (sum) up, the book the teacher recommended is suitable for us to read. 6．The painting is representative of the painter who is famous for painting horses. 7．The manager asked everyone associated (associate) with the project to make a design. 8．Roughly (rough) speaking, we receive about fifty letters a week on the subject. 9．Students have to learn how to balance academic (academy) study and extra­curricular activities as there are colourful activities for you to take part in. 10．If you hold down a job or a place in a team, you manage to keep it. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——介绍抗日英雄蚁光炎)(每题4分，共20分) 1．我们从历史课上了解到，蚁光炎是抗日英雄中的代表人物。 We learned from our history class that Yi Guangyan was a representative figure among anti­Japanese heroes．(representative) 2．他不仅拒绝为日本侵略者服务，还向我军捐赠了大量资金。 Not only did he refuse to serve for the Japanese invaders, but also he donated a large amount of money to our army.(not only...but also...) 3．正是他的慷慨帮助和支持在一定程度上缓解了我军当时的财务压力。 It was his generous help and support that relieved our financial stress to some extent at that time.(强调句式) 4．在他的爱国行为的鼓舞下，许多其他有影响力的商人也为国家做出了巨大贡献。 Inspired by his patriotic acts, many other influential businessmen also made great contributions to the country.(过去分词短语作状语， influential) 5．难怪他被认为是近代中国最有影响力的人物之一。 No wonder (that) he was regarded as one of the most influential figures in modern China.(no wonder) Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster 1.to China's three great universities: Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University.2.To save (save) their educational and intellectual heritage, the three universities 3.joined (join) together in Kunming as Lianda.Professors and students in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2，000 kilometres, most of them on foot.During the journey, they had to sleep on the roadside and often 4.were attacked (attack) by Japanese bombs.In Kunming, they had to live in rough buildings.There were extreme 5.shortages (shortage) of food, books, and equipment.What's worse, classes were 6.frequently (frequent) disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm. However, despite the immense hardships, it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, 7.that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. In addition, 8.driven (drive) by a sense of commitment, a great many students joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of our nation. A product of the war, Lianda is now physically gone.But 9.its (it) strong spirit of perseverance and 10.devotion (devote) will last forever. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共28分) A War and love should never be mixed together, but when it does, some stories are made during its experience.Here are some books about love stories which are set in wartime. War Bonds by Cindy Hval The idea to write this book was suggested to the author by her husband.It's a compilation (汇编) of love stories that took place during the war when men and women who made lifelong commitments without knowing what the future would bring.Each story shares a lesson to inspire every heart. Eve of a Hundred Midnights by Bill Lascher Bill Lascher had always wanted to be a reporter, and soon discovered his cousin had lived the life he dreamed of living.A month after his grandmother gifted him his cousin's typewriter used during World War Ⅱ， he slowly uncovered the story told in this book. Just as World War Ⅱ broke out, Melville and Annalee Jacoby, both war reporters, were faced with a life­and­death decision.Having been married for just a month, the couple had to run for their lives to escape being caught by their enemy. GI Brides: The Wartime Girls Who Crossed The Atlantic For Love by Duncan Barrett and Nuala Calvi This book tells the stories from the women in England who married American soldiers.Each GI Bride has her own unique hopes and fears during a time of war when their ever happy dreams are redefined (重新定义) by war, cultural differences, countries, and an uncertain future. World War Ⅱ Love Stories by Larry King Each love story in this book is unique in its own way, but they all share a common topic: love overcomes all.Each couple interviewed shares how they met, how they fell in love, the difficulties they faced and how their love grew stronger leading to marriages that lasted a lifetime. [语篇解读]本文是应用文，介绍了四本有关战争中的爱情故事的书以及每本书的特点。 1．What can we learn about Cindy Hval and War Bonds? A．She wrote it at the suggestion of her husband. B．She wrote it mainly to inspire other couples. C．She showed young couples' hopes and fears in it. D．She shared real­life stories during World War Ⅱ. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据War Bonds by Cindy Hval 部分中的“The idea to write this book was suggested to the author by her husband.”可知，写这本书的主意是作者的丈夫向作者建议的。因此，Cindy Hval是在丈夫的建议下写War Bonds这本书的。故选A。 2．Who gave Bill Lascher a typewriter as a present? A．A reporter. B．His cousin. C．His wife. D．His grandma. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据Eve of a Hundred Midnights by Bill Lascher部分中的“A month after his grandmother gifted him his cousin's typewriter used during World War Ⅱ”可知，他的祖母把他表哥的二战期间的打字机送给了他。所以，是Bill Lascher的祖母给了他一台打字机作为礼物。故选D。 3．Which book mainly focuses on the theme—the power of love? A．War Bonds B．World War Ⅱ Love Stories C．Eve of a Hundred Midnights D．GI Brides: The Wartime Girls Who Crossed The Atlantic For Love 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据World War Ⅱ Love Stories by Larry King部分中的“Each love story in this book is unique in its own way, but they all share a common topic: love overcomes all.”可知，这本书中每一个爱情故事都有它的独特之处，但它们都有一个共同的主题：爱能战胜一切。因此，World War Ⅱ Love Stories这本书所关注的主题是“爱的力量”。故选B。 B Howard Weistling wanted to be a comic strip artist.But when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, he joined the Army. After flight engineer training, Howard was shipped off to Europe.On his maiden flight, his plane was shot down over Austria.The entire crew of eight men landed safely.But a farmer found Howard hiding in his barn and turned him over to a prison of war camp in Barth, Germany.It was freezing and the men almost starved to death eating the guards' garbage. Hungry and homesick Howard figured out the only way he knew how to deal with this.He drew a comic strip.The book, made of cigarette wrappers bound together with scrap metal, was sent around the camp.Every couple of days he would add a new panel.One panel at a time would be passed around the whole camp.And they'd have something to look forward to. After an entire year of this, they woke one morning to find their guards gone.They fled and Howard finally got to go home.Just lucky to get out alive, he left the book behind. Back home in California, Howard soon had a wife and kids to feed so he had to set aside his dream of becoming an artist.He took a job as a gardener instead. Morgan shared his father's artistic gifts.At 15, his parents sent him to art school.And Howard got to see his son become a well­known painter before he died in 2002.That's how, seven decades after the war, when a stranger in New York googled the name“Weistling”， he found Morgan online. “I get an email from a gentleman and he says, ‘I think I may have some drawings your father did when he was a POW (prisoner of war) in World War Ⅱ，’”Morgan recalls.“‘Would you like them？’ And I just stared at that email and started crying.” Luckily Howard had engraved his name on the comic book, which is how the man from New York City had connected with Morgan.A couple of days later when it arrived in California, Morgan couldn't believe it.“It was like getting my father back，”Morgan says.“It was like him being able to tell me the story over again—only this time it was real in my hands.” [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。霍华德·魏斯特林想成为一名连环画艺术家，但当日本轰炸珍珠港时，他参军了。后来，霍华德不幸被抓成为一名俘虏。在监狱中，他继续画画，并传递给其他俘虏看。对艺术的热情帮助他减轻了痛苦，也使其他俘虏对活下去充满了希望，最终俘虏们得以从监狱逃跑，霍华德·魏斯特林却把画落在了俘虏集中营。 4．The passage details Howard's life as a POW to show that ． A．war cannot stop his pursuit of success B．passion for art helped ease his sufferings C．loss of freedom encouraged his creativity D．misery drove him to fight against his fate 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Hungry and homesick Howard figured out the only way he knew how to deal with this.He drew a comic strip.”可知，这篇文章详细描述霍华德作为战俘的生活是为了说明其对艺术的热爱帮助他减轻了痛苦。故选B项。 5．What can we infer about Howard's comic strip in prison? A．It satisfied prisoners' curiosity. B．It aroused the guards' sympathy. C．It was popular among the prisoners. D．It raised prisoners' confidence in freedom. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Every couple of days he would add a new panel.One panel at a time would be passed around the whole camp.And they'd have something to look forward to.”可知，每隔几天，他就会增加一幅新的画。一幅新画将被传递到整个营地。这样他们就会有一些可期待的东西。所以判断出霍华德在俘虏集中营画的连环画在俘虏中很受欢迎。故选C项。 6．What contributes to the stranger's success in finding Morgan? A．The email from a gentleman. B．Howard's experience in the war. C．Morgan's recalling of his father. D．Morgan's status in the field of art. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“And Howard got to see his son become a well­known painter before he died in 2002.That's how, seven decades after the war, when a stranger in New York googled the name ‘Weistling’， he found Morgan online.”可知，霍华德在2002年去世前看到他的儿子成为一名著名的画家。这就是为什么战后七十年，当一个来自纽约的陌生人谷歌“魏斯特林”时，他在网上找到了摩根。可知，是摩根在艺术领域的地位促使陌生人成功找到摩根。故选D项。 7．What can we infer about Morgan from the last paragraph? A．He didn't believe the stranger's story. B．He was excited to get the comic strip. C．He couldn't wait to tell others his good news. D．He hadn't heard about his father's war stories. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“A couple of days later when it arrived in California, Morgan couldn't believe it.‘It was like getting my father back，’ Morgan says.”可知，几天后，当画到达加州时，摩根简直不敢相信。“这就像我父亲回来了一样，”摩根说。所以从最后一段我们能推断出，摩根很高兴能拿到连环画。故选B项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) Do you know some surprising innovations (创新) came from World War Ⅰ？Here are some introductions to you. Daylight Saving Time The idea of fiddling with (拨弄) the clock has been around since ancient times, but it was not until World War Ⅰ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time.Why? To save resources such as fuel and extend the workday for the war effort.1. ，and the Allies followed shortly after.To clear up confusion about the concept, the Washington Times used a comic strip to explain the first“spring forward”in the United States in 1918. Blood Banks 2． ，but doctors rarely performed them before World War Ⅰ，when they were accomplished by transfusing blood directly from one person to another.Captain Oswald Robertson, a U．S.Army Reserve doctor consulting with the British army, recognised the need to stock blood before casualties (伤亡) occurred. Hollywood With so much of Europe in the line of fire, the European film industry had to scale back (缩减) dramatically.3. ．Hollywood was still in its early stage, but its studios soon made fortunes producing wartime movies.The war itself provided material for countless movies in the 1920s and 1930s, including Wings, the winner of the first Academy Award for Best Picture. Plastic Surgery 4． ．British army surgeon Harold Gillies and his colleagues performed more than 11，000 operations, mostly on soldiers suffering from facial wounds from gunshots.5. ． There were other innovations made during World War Ⅰ，such as wristwatches, modern passports, zippers, drones, etc. A．The Germans did it first, in 1916 B．That opened the door for the Americans C．Blood transfusions (输血) date back to the 1600s D.Gillies' operation became successful immediately E．World War Ⅰleft thousands of men scarred and maimed (伤残的) F．Gillies became known as the father of modern plastic surgery G．After World War Ⅰthe blood banks appeared in the United State [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章主要说明了第一次世界大战带来了一些令人惊讶的创新：德国最早使用的夏时制；血库在美国的出现；美国好莱坞大电影；整形手术及被称为现代整形外科之父的英国军队外科医生吉利斯。 1．解析：选A。根据上文中“but it was not until World War Ⅰ that governments around the globe officially adopted daylight saving time”可知，在一战时全球各国政府才正式采用夏时制。一战时间为1914～1918年。再根据空处后文“the Allies followed shortly after”可知，协约国随后跟上。A项符合语境。故选A项。 2．解析：选C。第2小题的中心词汇为Blood Banks (血库)以及输血，可将答案范围缩小到C项和G项。空后一句句意为：但医生们在一战前没有使用它们，与空前存在转折关系，故C项“输血可追溯至17世纪”符合语境。故选C项。 3．解析：选B。本段主要叙述在欧洲电影业不得不缩减规模的情况下，战争为处于早期阶段的美国好莱坞电影提供了素材。可以推断出战争给美国的电影打开了大门。分析选项可知只有B项和G项与美国有关。而G项与血库有关，与本段无关。把B项放入句中可知，B项符合题意。故选B项。 4．解析：选E。本小题所在段的中心词汇为Plastic Surgery (整形手术)。本文主要讲述了英国军医哈罗德·吉利斯和他的同事们进行了超过11 000次的手术，大部分是针对因枪击而面部受伤的士兵。分析选项与此意义一致的只能是战争中伤残的人才会做整形手术。故选E项。 5．解析：选F。参见上题解析。F项“哈罗德·吉利斯作为‘整容手术之父’而闻名于世”与上文形成因果关系，符合语境。故选F项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$