课文助读 (6) Unit3 Developing ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义晨背晚默（外研版2019）

课文助读(六)　Developing ideas 教材原文助读 ◎ ①refer to...as...把……看作…… ②purely adv.纯地，纯粹地 pure adj.纯的 ③symbolic adj.象征性的 symbol n．象征 ④immense adj.巨大的 ⑤aggression n．侵略 aggressive adj.侵略性的，好斗的 ⑥occupy v．占领，占据 ⑦intellectual adj.知识的，精神的 ⑧heritage n．遗产 ⑨associated adj.联合的 ⑩ epic adj.史诗般的 ⑪condition n．条件，状况 ⑫remote adj.遥远的 ⑬rough adj.简陋的 ⑭dire adj.极其严重的 ⑮disrupt v．扰乱 disruption n．扰乱 ⑯due to 由于 ⑰guard v．保护 n．警卫，看守 ⑱fortify v．强化，加强 ⑲passion n．激情 passionate adj.热情的 ⑳emerge v．出现 emergence n．出现，兴起 ㉑lay the foundation for 为……奠定基础 ㉒hold down 按压，压住 ㉓shirk v．逃避 ㉔a sense of ……感 a sense of humor 幽默感 a sense of responsibility 责任感 ㉕a great many 许多，大量 ㉖resist v．抵制，抵抗 ㉗invader n．侵略者 invade v．侵略 invasion n．侵略 ㉘physically adv.实物地，有形地 physical adj.身体的；有形的 physically and mentally 身体上和精神上 ㉙prominent adj.突出的，著名的 ㉚perseverance n．毅力，坚韧 ㉛dedication n．奉献 ㉜anniversary n．周年纪念日 ㉝collective adj.集体的 ㉞era n．时代，年代 ◎ LIANDA：A PLACE OF PASSION, BELIEF AND COMMITMENT Throughout history, the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as① being like “war”．However, for most of them, the “war” has been purely② symbolic③.[1]Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense④ challenges. [1]as引导原因状语从句。 In 1937, the aggression⑤of the Japanese army brought disaster to China's three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied⑥by Japanese troops [2]while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing．To save their educational and intellectual⑦ heritage⑧，the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated⑨ University, otherwise known as Lianda. [2]while连接并列句。 Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic⑩ journey over a distance of more than 2，000 kilometres, most of them on foot.Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs.[3]Conditions⑪ were little better once they reached the remote⑫ and mountainous south­west part of China．They had to live in rough⑬ buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines.There were dire⑭ shortages of food, books, and equipment.Furthermore, classes were frequently disrupted⑮ due to⑯ fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm. [3]once引导时间状语从句。 However, despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, [4]it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded⑰ but fortified⑱ by the passion⑲ and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. [5]It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged⑳ at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.“Lianda laid the foundation for㉑ every achievement I have made，”Yang recalled.He still remembers learning in a temporary classroom that had no glass in the windows.“On windy days, we had to hold down㉒the paper on the desk, which would otherwise be blown away，” he said. [4]本句为强调句，强调地点状语right in this place，和时间状语over a period of eight long years，还包含了not only...but(also)句型。 [5]本句包含主语从句，真正的主语为that从句，it为形式主语；if not most为省略句。 [6]With the country at war, students at Lianda were not going to shirk㉓their duty.[7]Driven by a sense of㉔commitment, a great many㉕joined the army to resist㉖ the Japanese invaders㉗and defend the honour of the nation. In fact, Lianda provided the largest number of student­soldiers from any campus in China. Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters, one tenth were from Lianda, including the well­known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong. Zha later depicted the contributions of his peers in a poems： Softly, on the hillside forgotten by all， A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze； There is no trace of the footprints of history； Where brave souls once stood, breathing new life into the trees. [6]with复合结构。 [7]Driven by a sense of commitment为过去分词短语作状语，句中and连接两个并列的不定式短语作目的状语。 A product of the war, Lianda is now physically㉘gone.But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities, not only because of its prominent㉙professors and talented students, but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance㉚and dedication㉛.In 2017, representatives from Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary㉜ of its founding. More than eighty years on, the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed.It has become part of the collective㉝ memory of the Chinese nation, with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era㉞. ◎ 联大：一个充满热情、信念和奉献的地方 纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常以一种浪漫的说法把他们的学术之争比喻为“战争”。然而，对他们中的大多数人来说“战争”一词纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。 1937年，日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难：北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产，这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学，简称联大。 这三所大学的教授和学生们完成了一次长达2 000多千米的艰苦卓绝的行程，他们中的大部分人都是徒步完成的。他们以尘土飞扬的道路为床，以开阔的、经常被日军的炸弹照亮的天空为屋顶。到了中国西南部的偏远山区后，情况也没有好多少。他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，40个人像沙丁鱼一样挤在一间屋子里，食物、书籍和设备严重短缺。此外，由于猛烈的空袭，课堂经常中断，因此上课时间往往在上午10点前和下午4点后。 然而，尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战，在这个地方，经过八年漫长的岁月，国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔奖得主，物理学家杨振宁和李政道。“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振宁回忆道。他还记得在一间窗户没有玻璃的临时教室里学习，“在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。 国家正处于战争状态，联大的学生们不会逃避他们的责任。在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。事实上，联大输送的学生士兵的数量是中国所有校园中最多的。在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中，有十分之一的人来自联大，其中包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。查良铮后来在一首诗中描述了他的同龄人所做的贡献： 静静的，在那被遗忘的山坡上， 还下着密雨，还吹着细风， 没有人知道历史曾在此走过， 留下了英灵化入树干而滋生。 作为战争的产物，联大现在已经不复存在。但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣耀，这不仅仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生，也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。2017年，北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，共同纪念联大建校80周年。 尽管已经历经80多年，联大做出的无价贡献仍值得重申。它已成为中华民族集体记忆的一部分，联大精神更是描绘了现代中国所有大学的蓝图。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$