广东省深圳市2024-2025学年八年级下学期开学适应性模拟测试英语练习卷

广东省深圳市2024-2025学年八年级下学期开学模拟测试英语练习卷 一．完形填空（共1小题） 1．（2024秋•罗湖区校级期末）There was once a man who built his own house.From （1）　 　 to bottom，he designed and built every inch of his home.It took him over a year，but in the end，he had a beautiful house of his own.No other （2）　 　 in his neighborhood looked like it and many of his neighbors admired（羡慕）it. But as time （3）　 　 ，his house started to have some problems.One day，a neighbor said， "Friend，it looks like your front yard（前院）is a bit overgrown." The man replied，" Yes，I know.But it's okay.I' ll （4）　 　 the grass tomorrow." A few days later，a mailman came by with a letter for the man.The mailman said，"Friend，it looks like your windows are a bit （5）　 　." The man replied，"Yes，I know.But it's okay.I'll wash them tomorrow." Weeks passed by.Finally，the man's brother came over to pay a visit.He took one look at his brother's house and couldn't （6）　 　 what he saw.The yard was a mess，the （7）　 　on the walls was falling down and the windows were covered with dirt.The house looked like it could fall apart at any （8）　 　 ﹣ all because the man put everything off until " （9）　 　". When we procrastinate（拖延），"tomorrow"can turn into"next week"or even"next year".It's much （10）　 　 to just take care of things today than to wait until some imaginary "tomorrow"that might not actually come. （1） A．height B．width C．length D．top （2） A．house B．garden C．neighbors D．people （3） A．went out B．went by C．went past D．went up （4） A．plant B．water C．cut D．dry （5） A．old B．new C．broken D．dirty （6） A．believe B．discover C．find D．say （7） A．picture B．paint C．color D．window （8） A．second B．year C．month D．week （9） A．yesterday B．today C．tomorrow D．next week （10） A．worse B．better C．longer D．shorter 二．阅读理解（共4小题） 2．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末）A tree has roots.People have roots too，If you get to the root of a problem，you will solve it.It's the same thing with words.Dig deeply into a big，unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from As readers，especially those reading in a second language，we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives （侦探） looking for information to unlock the unknown.Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene，the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation，to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means. As you know，prefixes （前缀） and suffixes （后缀） can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning.Know them，and you will have the word building power.But root words are the key.Take time to learn a few of these，put them in your memory，and you will become a master word detective. Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other".When you meet this root word，you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other"，Examine the word "alternate.Can you find the Latin root in it？ If you and your friend like to eat out，first you pay and the other pays the next time.You are alternating paying. If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays，you go on one Saturday，but not the other Saturday. If you have no alternative，you have no other choice. Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying.Then use your "rooting for words" skills.Like any new skill，practice and hard work are always paid back. （1）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to？ 　 　 A．The situation. B．The crime scene. C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known. （2）If Jim and Lily go to the movies，which one below is "alternating paying"？ 　 　 A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time. C．They take turns to pay. D．Their parents pay for them. （3）How does the author explain his ideas about root words？ 　 　 A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example. C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion. （4）"Sen" from the Latin word means "old".Which word uses this Latin root？ 　 　 A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school. C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting. （5）What should you do if you want to use your "rooting for words" skills well？ 　 　 A．You should use your dictionary first. B．You should practice and work hard. C．You should work as a detective. D．You should make more examples. 3．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末）The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles （车辆） in 2030.Volvo is the second largest car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines （传统内燃机）.In January，American carmaker General Motors said it would only make electric vehicles in 2035. Henrik Green is Volvo's chief technology officer （首席技术官）.Green says that the first reason for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet （满足） the expectations of their customers.Second，there is no long﹣term future for cars with traditional engines.Third，it will be a helpful way to fight against air pollution.As governments try to reduce pollution，more carmakers like Volvo are increasing production of electric vehicles. If you want to buy one of these Volvos in about nine years，you will have to make your order online.You will still be able to look at cars at a Volvo store now.The Volvo stores，which are known as dealership（经销商），will remain in place so that customers can look at cars and have them repaired. In making the announcement，Volvo says it also plans to show a new eclectic vehicle.The company hopes that in four years，half of its sales around the world will come from electric vehicles.The other half will come from cars known as hybrid cars.Hybrid cars use mixed power of electric and traditional engine to move the vehicles. Volvo sold about 660，000 cars worldwide last year.Around the world，about 2﹣and﹣a﹣half million electric vehicles were sold last year and analysts （分析家） expect that to increase by 70% in 2021. （1）By 2030 　 　will have stopped making traditional internal combustion engines. A．Volvo B．General Motors C．both Volvo and General Motors D．neither Volvo nor General Motors （2）　 　reasons for the Volvo's move to electric vehicle production are mentioned. A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five （3）Who is the chief technology officer of Volvo？ 　 　 A．General Motors. B．Volvo. C．Henry Smith. D．Henrik Green. （4）How many cars did Volvo sell in the year 2020？ 　 　 A．About six hundred and sixty thousand. B．About six million. C．About 2﹣and﹣a﹣half million. D．About 70% of the year 2021. （5）What does the writer want to tell us？ 　 　 A．Traditional internal combustion will be more popular. B．The government doesn't want to fight against air pollution. C．Volvo will only make electric vehicles in 2030. D．Volvo is the largest car company in the world. 4．（2024秋•罗湖区校级期末）①A 64﹣year﹣old Chinese carpenter's（木工的）traditional skills have become very popular as he creates woodwork with nothing more than a single piece of wood，without glues，screws（螺丝） or nails（钉子）. ②Wang Dewen，known as"Grandpa Amu"on YouTube，has been honored with "the modern day Lu Ban"，thanks to his wonderful carpentry knowledge. ③Grandpa Amu's most popular video，which shows him making a wooden bridge，has spread widely on YouTube，getting more than 40 million views. ④"If you do something，you have to love it，and you have to be interested in it；however being interested doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain."Grandpa Amu shared where talking about his excellent carpentry skills. ⑤Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise（卯眼）and tenon（榫）technique，which means no nails or glues are used in the whole process of building the bridge. ⑥The master carpenter has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique.His young grandson's favorites include a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing machine.Attracting over 1.17 million fans on YouTube，Grandpa Amu's videos so far have gained more than 300 million views. （1）Why did the old carpenter become famous？ 　 　 A．He creates woodwork only with wood. B．He makes wooden toys like Peppa Pig. C．He is good at making funny videos. D．He teaches us how to make woodwork. （2）How many views did Wang Dewen's most popular video get？ 　 　 A．1，170，000. B．40，000，000. C．300，000，000. D．340，000，000. （3）What can we learn from Wang's words in Paragraph 4？ 　 　 A．We can do everything well if we are interested in it. B．If we are interested in something，we must do it well. C．With only interest and love，we can do something well easily. D．To do something well，we need both interest and hard work. （4）According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE？ 　 　 A．Wang Dewen is known as"Grandma Amu"on YouTube. B．Wang Dewen has got a lot of modern carpentry knowledge. C．Wang Dewen has more than 1.17 million fans on YouTube. D．Wang Dewen has made two wooden toys for his grandson. （5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　 　 A．Traditional Chinese Skills B．How to Make a Wooden Bridge C．No Pain，No Gain D．The Modern Day Lu Ban 5．（2024秋•罗湖区校级期末）Hold your hands together and you feel the heat from them.Did you know that this heat could be a kind of energy？ Ann Makosinski，a girl from British Columbia，Canada，made a flashlight（手电筒） that only uses the heat from your hands as power.The invention won top prize in last year's Google Science Fair's 15～16 age group.Makosinski was just 15 then. Makosinski has been interested in human energy since Grade 6. She said as humans，we produce heat every minute.She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight. She found a kind of tiles（瓷片）.These tiles produce electricity when one side is heated and the other side is cooled. She made the flashlight empty and put the tiles both inside and outside of it.Holding the flashlight with your hands would make the tiles heat up on one side.At the same time，the air cools the tiles on the inside of the flashlight. The electricity that was made by the tiles was enough for an LED light，but it did not make so much voltage（电压）.Without voltage，flashlights will not light up. To deal with the problem，Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments at home.She said sometimes she thought it would never work，but she knew "You just have to keep going". In the end，she made a circuit（电路）by herself and it worked! Makosinski is working on getting a patent（专利）for her flashlight. （1）Which of the following is TRUE about the flashlight？ 　 　 A．It was invented by a girl from Britain. B．It only uses the heat from people's heads. C．It won the second prize in Google Science Fair. D．It had tiles both inside and outside of it. （2）How old is Ann Makosinski now？ 　 　 A．13 . B．14. C．15. D．16. （3）What does the underlined word "that" refer to？ 　 　 A．A special type of tiles. B．Electricity produced by tiles. C．Heat produced by humans. D．2020 Google Science Fair. （4）How did Ann Makosinski deal with the problem of voltage？ 　 　 A．She put tiles inside and outside of the flashlight. B．She held the flashlight with her both hands. C．She worked hard to make a circuit on her own. D．She worked on getting a patent for her flashlight. （5）Which phrases can best describe Makosinski？ 　 　 A．Being gifted and pretty. B．Helping scientists warmly. C．Working at school carefully. D．Sticking firmly to her interest. 三．短文还原（共1小题） 6．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末） A.The brain controls dopamine（多巴胺）in two ways. B.It is like a cup overflowing （溢出）with water. C.So，why do some students perform better under stress？ D.So，the truth is that practice does make perfect. E.Dopamine is a chemical in our brain that sends information to our body F.Is there anything that can help change the speed of dopamine getting into our body？ What is the most stressful thing in school？It is probably exams.Exams can put us under a lot of pressure.But some students do well under pressure，while others feel terrible. （1）　 　 Because it all comes down to dopamine （多巴胺）（2）　 　It has many important roles，influencing memory，attention and how we learn.Our brains work best when there is an even balance（平衡）of dopamine﹣not too much or too little. （3）　 　 It either takes out dopamine quickly，or slowly.Exam success can be related to how fast dopamine goes back to an even balance.What happens when we sit for an exam？If you become stressed，your brain will start to overload （超负荷）on dopamine.（4）　 　 The quicker you are able to go back to an even balance of dopamine，the quicker you can fix yourself perform better on a test. Scientists found that，during a test，people who slowly got back to an even balance of dopamine scored 8 percent lower.That's the difference between a good mark and a bad mark.But don't fear，there is some good news.The study also found that the more practice you get，the less stressed you'll be.（5）　 　 四．任务型阅读（共1小题） 7．（2022•广东）请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整切题，并把答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 We all know doing exercise makes us healthy.But many of us don't know which is better，to exercise in the day or at night.Dr.Yang，a famous sleep doctor，advises people to do outdoor exercise for at least 30 minutes a day in the daytime. Dr.Yang has been doing research on sports and sleep for years.He finds out that those who exercise in natural light for half an hour every day have better sleep and more energy（能量）.Dr.Yang himself gets up at 6：30 a.m.Then he usually takes a walk outside.Sometimes，he walks his two dogs in the park in the afternoon with his sunglasses left at home. Many schools put Dr.Yang's findings into practice.They made it a rule that students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day.In some schools，students even formed outdoor running clubs.After some time，most students said they benefited（受益）a lot from outdoor exercise.Now they sleep better and concentrate（集中）more on their studies. Some students are now thinking about inviting their teachers to join them in their daily runs. （1）According to Dr.Yang，when is it better to exercise，in the day or at night？ 　 　 （2）What is Dr.Yang's research about？ 　 　 （3）What does Dr.Yang usually do after he gets up？ 　 　 （4）How often do students do outdoor exercise in many schools？ 　 　 （5）Who will some students invite to join in their daily runs？ 　 　 五．书面表达（共1小题） 8．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末）为了展现同学们的英语能力，学校将在下周举办英语周系列活动。请你根据学校英语周的活动安排，写一篇作文，描述各项活动的具体安排。 内容必须包括： （1）活动名称，活动内容，活动时间、地点。 （2）参加活动时的注意事项。 （3）列举活动不少于三个。 注意：写作时不能出现学校真实名字。字数 80﹣100。 English Week To improve our English level and provide a stage for students to show their English talents，_________. 参考答案与试题解析 一．完形填空（共1小题） 1．（2024秋•罗湖区校级期末）There was once a man who built his own house.From （1）　D　 to bottom，he designed and built every inch of his home.It took him over a year，but in the end，he had a beautiful house of his own.No other （2）　A　 in his neighborhood looked like it and many of his neighbors admired（羡慕）it. But as time （3）　B　 ，his house started to have some problems.One day，a neighbor said， "Friend，it looks like your front yard（前院）is a bit overgrown." The man replied，" Yes，I know.But it's okay.I' ll （4）　C　 the grass tomorrow." A few days later，a mailman came by with a letter for the man.The mailman said，"Friend，it looks like your windows are a bit （5）　D　." The man replied，"Yes，I know.But it's okay.I'll wash them tomorrow." Weeks passed by.Finally，the man's brother came over to pay a visit.He took one look at his brother's house and couldn't （6）　A　 what he saw.The yard was a mess，the （7）　B　on the walls was falling down and the windows were covered with dirt.The house looked like it could fall apart at any （8）　A　 ﹣ all because the man put everything off until " （9）　C　". When we procrastinate（拖延），"tomorrow"can turn into"next week"or even"next year".It's much （10）　B　 to just take care of things today than to wait until some imaginary "tomorrow"that might not actually come. （1） A．height B．width C．length D．top （2） A．house B．garden C．neighbors D．people （3） A．went out B．went by C．went past D．went up （4） A．plant B．water C．cut D．dry （5） A．old B．new C．broken D．dirty （6） A．believe B．discover C．find D．say （7） A．picture B．paint C．color D．window （8） A．second B．year C．month D．week （9） A．yesterday B．today C．tomorrow D．next week （10） A．worse B．better C．longer D．shorter 【考点】记叙文；日常生活．2024秋 【答案】DABCD ABACB 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过一个人建造房子和收拾房子的事来告诉人们做好今天的事，不要拖延和推迟今天要完成的事。 【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：从顶端到底部，他设计并建造他房子的每一寸地方。height高度；width 宽；length长；top顶端。from top to bottom"从顶端到底部"固定搭配，故选D。 （2）考查名词。句意：他的邻居没有一个房子像他的，很多人都羡慕它。house房子；garden花园；neighbors邻居；people人。后文it指代"房子"，故选A。 （3）考查动词短语。句意：但是，随着时间的流逝，他的房子出现了一些问题。went out熄灭、过时；went by（时间）流逝；went past经过；went up上升。此句主语是time"时间"，所以谓语动词用go by，故事为过去式，所以用went by。故选B。 （4）考查动词。句意：我明天会割掉这些草。plant种植；water浇水；cut砍、割；dry烘干。根据"Friend，it looks like your front yard（前院）is a bit overgrown."，可知，院子的草长得很高，所以他要割掉，用cut。故选C。 （5）考查形容词。句意：朋友，你的窗户似乎有点脏。old老的；new新的；broken坏的；dirty脏的。根据后文"I'll wash them tomorrow"可知，他明天要擦洗，所以推断窗户脏了，故选D。 （6）考查动词。句意：他看了一眼他哥哥的房子，不能相信他所看到的。believe相信；discover发现；find找到；say说。根据后文"The yard was a mess"，房子很乱，所以他不敢相信自己看到的一切。故选A。 （7）考查名词。句意：院子里一团糟，墙上的画掉下来，窗户被尘土覆盖着。picture画；paint油画；color颜色；window窗户。picture是可数名字，并且后面系动词是was（单数），可知此处应该是墙上的油画。故选B。 （8）考查名词。句意：房子看起来会随时土崩瓦解，全是因为这个人把每一件事都推迟到明天才去做。second秒；year年；month月；week周。at any second"随时"，固定搭配。故选A。 （9）考查名词。句意：房子看起来会随时土崩瓦解，全是因为这个人把每一件事都推迟到明天才去做。yesterday昨天；today今天；tomorrow明天；next week下一周。根据第七段第一句可知，此处为这个人把一切都拖延到明天去做，故选C。 （10）考查形容词。句意：今天就处理好事情比等到想象中的"明天"到来要好得多。worse更差的；better更好的；longer更长的；shorter更短的。根据句意应该是今天处理好事情比等到明天会更好，故选B。 【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。 二．阅读理解（共4小题） 2．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末）A tree has roots.People have roots too，If you get to the root of a problem，you will solve it.It's the same thing with words.Dig deeply into a big，unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from As readers，especially those reading in a second language，we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives （侦探） looking for information to unlock the unknown.Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene，the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation，to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means. As you know，prefixes （前缀） and suffixes （后缀） can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning.Know them，and you will have the word building power.But root words are the key.Take time to learn a few of these，put them in your memory，and you will become a master word detective. Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other".When you meet this root word，you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other"，Examine the word "alternate.Can you find the Latin root in it？ If you and your friend like to eat out，first you pay and the other pays the next time.You are alternating paying. If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays，you go on one Saturday，but not the other Saturday. If you have no alternative，you have no other choice. Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying.Then use your "rooting for words" skills.Like any new skill，practice and hard work are always paid back. （1）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to？ 　C　 A．The situation. B．The crime scene. C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known. （2）If Jim and Lily go to the movies，which one below is "alternating paying"？ 　C　 A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time. C．They take turns to pay. D．Their parents pay for them. （3）How does the author explain his ideas about root words？ 　B　 A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example. C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion. （4）"Sen" from the Latin word means "old".Which word uses this Latin root？ 　A　 A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school. C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting. （5）What should you do if you want to use your "rooting for words" skills well？ 　B　 A．You should use your dictionary first. B．You should practice and work hard. C．You should work as a detective. D．You should make more examples. 【考点】说明文；语言/学习．2024秋 【答案】CCBAB 【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了在语言学习中，词根学习的重要性。 【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据第二段Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene，the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation，to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.（就像任何到达犯罪现场的好侦探一样，当遇到一个新的难词时，首先要做的是判断情况，看看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解﹣﹣﹣的意思。）联系前句可猜测出下划线单词it应指代的是：新的难词。故选C。 （2）推理判断题。根据第四段If you and your friend like to eat out，first you pay and the other pays the next time.You are alternating paying.（如果你和你的朋友喜欢在外面吃饭，你先付钱，然后另一个付钱，你们是轮流付钱。）可推断出如果吉姆和莉莉去看电影，他们轮流付款就是"交替付费"。故选C。 （3）细节推理题。根据第四段Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other".When you meet this root word，you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other"，Examine the word "alternate.（让我们看一下英语中常用的一个词根。拉丁语中的"alter"意思是"other"。当你遇到这个词根时，你知道更大的词与"other"有关。）可知，作者通过举例子来解释他对词根的理解。故选B。 （4）推理判断题。根据题干中"Sen" from the Latin word means "old".（"Sen"来自拉丁词，意思是"old"。）可知，A项中，我哥哥比我大两岁。senior一词用到了词根"Sen"。故选A。 （5）细节理解题。根据最后一段Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying.Then use your "rooting for words" skills.Like any new skill，practice and hard work are always paid back.（在你正在学习的语言中尽可能多地学习词根。然后使用你的"词根"技能。像任何新技能一样，练习和努力总是有回报的。）可知如果你想很好地运用你的"词根"技能，你你应该练习并努力学习。故选B。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 3．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末）The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles （车辆） in 2030.Volvo is the second largest car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines （传统内燃机）.In January，American carmaker General Motors said it would only make electric vehicles in 2035. Henrik Green is Volvo's chief technology officer （首席技术官）.Green says that the first reason for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet （满足） the expectations of their customers.Second，there is no long﹣term future for cars with traditional engines.Third，it will be a helpful way to fight against air pollution.As governments try to reduce pollution，more carmakers like Volvo are increasing production of electric vehicles. If you want to buy one of these Volvos in about nine years，you will have to make your order online.You will still be able to look at cars at a Volvo store now.The Volvo stores，which are known as dealership（经销商），will remain in place so that customers can look at cars and have them repaired. In making the announcement，Volvo says it also plans to show a new eclectic vehicle.The company hopes that in four years，half of its sales around the world will come from electric vehicles.The other half will come from cars known as hybrid cars.Hybrid cars use mixed power of electric and traditional engine to move the vehicles. Volvo sold about 660，000 cars worldwide last year.Around the world，about 2﹣and﹣a﹣half million electric vehicles were sold last year and analysts （分析家） expect that to increase by 70% in 2021. （1）By 2030 　A　will have stopped making traditional internal combustion engines. A．Volvo B．General Motors C．both Volvo and General Motors D．neither Volvo nor General Motors （2）　B　reasons for the Volvo's move to electric vehicle production are mentioned. A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five （3）Who is the chief technology officer of Volvo？ 　D　 A．General Motors. B．Volvo. C．Henry Smith. D．Henrik Green. （4）How many cars did Volvo sell in the year 2020？ 　A　 A．About six hundred and sixty thousand. B．About six million. C．About 2﹣and﹣a﹣half million. D．About 70% of the year 2021. （5）What does the writer want to tell us？ 　C　 A．Traditional internal combustion will be more popular. B．The government doesn't want to fight against air pollution. C．Volvo will only make electric vehicles in 2030. D．Volvo is the largest car company in the world. 【考点】说明文；科普知识．2024秋 【答案】ABDAC 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以沃尔沃为代表的汽车制造商将向电动汽车生产转型。这不仅仅是为了满足客户的需求也是为了对抗空气污染。 【解答】细节理解题。 （1）据短文第一段内容：The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles in 2030.Volvo is the second largest car company to say it will stop making traditional internal combustion engines.In January，American carmaker General Motors said it would only make electric vehicles in 2035.（汽车制造商沃尔沃本周宣布，它将在2030年只生产电动汽车。沃尔沃是宣布将停止生产传统内燃机的第二大汽车公司。今年1月，美国汽车制造商通用汽车表示，该公司将只在2035年生产电动汽车。）由此可知，到2030年停止生产传统内燃机的汽车制造商是沃尔沃。故选A。 （2）根据短文第二段内容：Green says that the first reason for the move to electric vehicle production is to help Volvo meet the expectations of their customers.Second，there is no long﹣term future for cars with traditional engines.Third，it will be a helpful way to fight against air pollution.（格林表示，转向电动汽车生产的第一个原因是帮助沃尔沃满足客户的期望。其次，使用传统发动机的汽车没有长远的前景。第三，这将是对抗空气污染的有效方法。）由此可知，沃尔沃转向电动汽车生产的原因一共有三个。故选B。 （3）根据短文第二段内容：Henrik Green is Volvo's chief technology officer.（Henrik Green是沃尔沃的首席技术官。）由此可知，Henrik Green是沃尔沃的首席技术官。故选D。 （4）根据短文第五段内容：Volvo sold about 660，000 cars worldwide last year.Around the world，about 2﹣and﹣a﹣half million electric vehicles were sold last year and analysts expect that to increase by 70% in 2021.（沃尔沃去年在全球销售了约66万辆汽车。去年，全球电动汽车销量约为250万辆，分析师预计2021年这一数字将增长70%。）由此可知，短文写于2021年，因此短文中的 last year指的就是2020年，通过具体描述可知，沃尔沃2020年在全球销售了约66万辆汽车。故选A。 （5）根据短文第一段内容：The carmaker Volvo announced this week that it would only make electric vehicles in 2030.（汽车制造商沃尔沃本周宣布，它将在2030年只生产电动汽车。）由此可知，作者想告诉我们沃尔沃将在2030年只生产电动汽车。故选C。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 4．（2024秋•罗湖区校级期末）①A 64﹣year﹣old Chinese carpenter's（木工的）traditional skills have become very popular as he creates woodwork with nothing more than a single piece of wood，without glues，screws（螺丝） or nails（钉子）. ②Wang Dewen，known as"Grandpa Amu"on YouTube，has been honored with "the modern day Lu Ban"，thanks to his wonderful carpentry knowledge. ③Grandpa Amu's most popular video，which shows him making a wooden bridge，has spread widely on YouTube，getting more than 40 million views. ④"If you do something，you have to love it，and you have to be interested in it；however being interested doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain."Grandpa Amu shared where talking about his excellent carpentry skills. ⑤Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise（卯眼）and tenon（榫）technique，which means no nails or glues are used in the whole process of building the bridge. ⑥The master carpenter has also made several wooden toys for his grandson using the same technique.His young grandson's favorites include a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing machine.Attracting over 1.17 million fans on YouTube，Grandpa Amu's videos so far have gained more than 300 million views. （1）Why did the old carpenter become famous？ 　A　 A．He creates woodwork only with wood. B．He makes wooden toys like Peppa Pig. C．He is good at making funny videos. D．He teaches us how to make woodwork. （2）How many views did Wang Dewen's most popular video get？ 　B　 A．1，170，000. B．40，000，000. C．300，000，000. D．340，000，000. （3）What can we learn from Wang's words in Paragraph 4？ 　D　 A．We can do everything well if we are interested in it. B．If we are interested in something，we must do it well. C．With only interest and love，we can do something well easily. D．To do something well，we need both interest and hard work. （4）According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE？ 　C　 A．Wang Dewen is known as"Grandma Amu"on YouTube. B．Wang Dewen has got a lot of modern carpentry knowledge. C．Wang Dewen has more than 1.17 million fans on YouTube. D．Wang Dewen has made two wooden toys for his grandson. （5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　D　 A．Traditional Chinese Skills B．How to Make a Wooden Bridge C．No Pain，No Gain D．The Modern Day Lu Ban 【考点】记叙文；传统文化．2024秋 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】文章介绍64岁的"阿木爷爷"凭借一双巧手在YouTube走红，被网友称为"当代鲁班"。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据A 64﹣year﹣old Chinese carpenter's（木工的）traditional skills have become very popular as he creates woodwork with nothing more than a single piece of wood，without glues，screws（螺丝） or nails（钉子）.（一位64岁的中国木匠的传统技艺变得非常受欢迎，因为他只用一块木头制作木制品，没有胶水、螺丝钉或钉子。）可知是因为他只用木头制作木制品。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据Grandpa Amu's most popular video，which shows him making a wooden bridge，has spread widely on YouTube，getting more than 40 million views.（阿木爷爷最受欢迎的视频显示他正在制作一座木桥，该视频在YouTube上广泛传播，浏览量超过4000万。）可知浏览量超过4000万。故选B。 （3）理解判断题。根据"If you do something，you have to love it，and you have to be interested in it；however being interested doesn't mean there's only happiness and no pain."Grandpa Amu shared where talking about his excellent carpentry skills.（"做一件事，你得热爱它，你得对它感兴趣；然而，感兴趣并不意味着只有快乐没有痛苦。"阿木爷爷分享了他高超的木工技艺。）可推知他的话告诉我们要做好一件事，既需要兴趣，也需要努力。故选D。 （4）理解判断题。根据"Attracting over 1.17 million fans on YouTube，Grandpa Amu's videos so far have gained more than 300 million views.（迄今为止，阿木爷爷的视频在YouTube上吸引了117万粉丝，浏览量超过3亿。）可知C 项符合文意。故选C。 （5）最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章介绍64岁的"阿木爷爷"凭借一双巧手在优酷上走红，被网友称为"当代鲁班"。故选D。 【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。 5．（2024秋•罗湖区校级期末）Hold your hands together and you feel the heat from them.Did you know that this heat could be a kind of energy？ Ann Makosinski，a girl from British Columbia，Canada，made a flashlight（手电筒） that only uses the heat from your hands as power.The invention won top prize in last year's Google Science Fair's 15～16 age group.Makosinski was just 15 then. Makosinski has been interested in human energy since Grade 6. She said as humans，we produce heat every minute.She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight. She found a kind of tiles（瓷片）.These tiles produce electricity when one side is heated and the other side is cooled. She made the flashlight empty and put the tiles both inside and outside of it.Holding the flashlight with your hands would make the tiles heat up on one side.At the same time，the air cools the tiles on the inside of the flashlight. The electricity that was made by the tiles was enough for an LED light，but it did not make so much voltage（电压）.Without voltage，flashlights will not light up. To deal with the problem，Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments at home.She said sometimes she thought it would never work，but she knew "You just have to keep going". In the end，she made a circuit（电路）by herself and it worked! Makosinski is working on getting a patent（专利）for her flashlight. （1）Which of the following is TRUE about the flashlight？ 　D　 A．It was invented by a girl from Britain. B．It only uses the heat from people's heads. C．It won the second prize in Google Science Fair. D．It had tiles both inside and outside of it. （2）How old is Ann Makosinski now？ 　D　 A．13 . B．14. C．15. D．16. （3）What does the underlined word "that" refer to？ 　C　 A．A special type of tiles. B．Electricity produced by tiles. C．Heat produced by humans. D．2020 Google Science Fair. （4）How did Ann Makosinski deal with the problem of voltage？ 　C　 A．She put tiles inside and outside of the flashlight. B．She held the flashlight with her both hands. C．She worked hard to make a circuit on her own. D．She worked on getting a patent for her flashlight. （5）Which phrases can best describe Makosinski？ 　D　 A．Being gifted and pretty. B．Helping scientists warmly. C．Working at school carefully. D．Sticking firmly to her interest. 【考点】说明文；科普知识．2024秋 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】本文讲述了来自加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的 15 岁女孩安•马科辛斯基制造了一种只用手的热量作为能量的手电筒。这项发明赢得了今年谷歌科学博览会 15﹣16岁年龄组的最高奖。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据She made the flashlight empty and put the tiles both inside and outside of it.（她把手电筒弄空，把瓷砖放在里面和外面。）可知，关于手电筒，它内外都有瓷片。故选D。 （2）推理判断题。根据Makosinski was just 15 then.（马科辛斯基当时才15岁。）和 To deal with the problem，Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments at home.She said sometimes she thought it would never work，but she knew "You just have to keep going"（为了解决这个问题，马科辛斯基花了几个月的时间在互联网上查找信息，并在家里做实验。）可知，马科辛斯基现在十六了。故选D。 （3）词义猜测题。根据 She said as humans，we produce heat every minute.（她说，作为人类，我们每分钟都会产生热量。）She wanted to make use of that to light up the flashlight.（她想利用……来点亮手电筒。）可猜测出，下划线单词的意思应是"人类产生的热量。"故选C。 （4）细节理解题。根据To deal with the problem，Makosinski spent months finding information on the Internet and doing experiments at home.She said sometimes she thought it would never work，but she knew "You just have to keep going".（为了解决这个问题，马科辛斯基花了几个月的时间在互联网上查找信息，并在家里做实验。她说，有时她认为这永远不会奏效，但她知道"你只需要继续下去"。）可知，马科辛斯基努力工作，独自制作一个电路。故选C。 （5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了来自加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的 15 岁女孩安•马科辛斯基坚持她的兴趣，制造了一种只用手的热量作为能量的手电筒的故事。故选D。 【点评】老师请找出划线处吧，谢谢 三．短文还原（共1小题） 6．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末） A.The brain controls dopamine（多巴胺）in two ways. B.It is like a cup overflowing （溢出）with water. C.So，why do some students perform better under stress？ D.So，the truth is that practice does make perfect. E.Dopamine is a chemical in our brain that sends information to our body F.Is there anything that can help change the speed of dopamine getting into our body？ What is the most stressful thing in school？It is probably exams.Exams can put us under a lot of pressure.But some students do well under pressure，while others feel terrible. （1）　C　 Because it all comes down to dopamine （多巴胺）（2）　E　It has many important roles，influencing memory，attention and how we learn.Our brains work best when there is an even balance（平衡）of dopamine﹣not too much or too little. （3）　F　 It either takes out dopamine quickly，or slowly.Exam success can be related to how fast dopamine goes back to an even balance.What happens when we sit for an exam？If you become stressed，your brain will start to overload （超负荷）on dopamine.（4）　B　 The quicker you are able to go back to an even balance of dopamine，the quicker you can fix yourself perform better on a test. Scientists found that，during a test，people who slowly got back to an even balance of dopamine scored 8 percent lower.That's the difference between a good mark and a bad mark.But don't fear，there is some good news.The study also found that the more practice you get，the less stressed you'll be.（5）　D　 【考点】说明文；科普知识．2024秋 【答案】CEFBD 【分析】本文主要讲述了多巴胺是大脑中的一种传递信息的化学物质，研究证明能快速恢复多巴胺平衡的人在测试中得分较高。 【解答】细节推理题。 （1）根据上一句But some students do well under pressure，while others feel terrible. （但是有些学生在压力下表现很好，而另一些学生则感觉很糟糕。）可知本段讲的是在考试的压力下，学生有或好或坏的表现，本段作为首段应对这一问题承上启下，选项C"那么，为什么有些学生在压力下表现更好呢？"符合语境。故选C。 （2）根据上一句it all comes down to dopamine（归根结底是因为多巴胺）和下一句It has many important roles：influencing memory，attention and how we learn（它有许多重要的作用：影响记忆、注意力和我们学习。）可知，空格处应该解释何为多巴胺，选项E"多巴胺是我们大脑中的一种化学物质，它把信息传递给我们的身体。"符合语境。故选E。 （3）根据下一句It either takes out dopamine quickly，or slowly.（它可以快速或缓慢地释放多巴胺。）可知，提及速度的变化，选项F"有没有什么可以帮助改变多巴胺进入我们身体的速度的？"符合语境。故选F。 （4）根据上句If you become stressed，your brain will start to overload （超负荷）on dopamine.（如果你感到压力，你的大脑会开始多巴胺超载。）可知，压力越大，多巴胺就会越多，就像水一样会溢出来，选项B"它就像一个装满水的杯子。"符合语境。故选B。 （5）根据上句The study also found that the more practice you get，the less stressed you'll be.（研究还发现，练习越多，压力越小）可知，多练习，压力就会越小，选项B"所以，事实是实践确实会使人完美。"符合语境。故选B。 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。 四．任务型阅读（共1小题） 7．（2022•广东）请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题，要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整切题，并把答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 We all know doing exercise makes us healthy.But many of us don't know which is better，to exercise in the day or at night.Dr.Yang，a famous sleep doctor，advises people to do outdoor exercise for at least 30 minutes a day in the daytime. Dr.Yang has been doing research on sports and sleep for years.He finds out that those who exercise in natural light for half an hour every day have better sleep and more energy（能量）.Dr.Yang himself gets up at 6：30 a.m.Then he usually takes a walk outside.Sometimes，he walks his two dogs in the park in the afternoon with his sunglasses left at home. Many schools put Dr.Yang's findings into practice.They made it a rule that students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day.In some schools，students even formed outdoor running clubs.After some time，most students said they benefited（受益）a lot from outdoor exercise.Now they sleep better and concentrate（集中）more on their studies. Some students are now thinking about inviting their teachers to join them in their daily runs. （1）According to Dr.Yang，when is it better to exercise，in the day or at night？ 　In the day./It's better to exercise in the day.　 （2）What is Dr.Yang's research about？ 　It's about sports and sleep . /Sports and sleep./His research is about sports and sleep.　 （3）What does Dr.Yang usually do after he gets up？ 　He usually takes a walk outside.　 （4）How often do students do outdoor exercise in many schools？ 　Students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day./They should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day./ Once or twice a day.　 （5）Who will some students invite to join in their daily runs？ 　Students will invite their teachers. /They will invite their teachers./Their teachers.　 【考点】人与社会；细节理解．2024秋 【答案】见试题解答内容 【分析】文章就如何保持健康锻炼提出了一些建议。 【解答】细节理解题。 （1）根据He finds out that those who exercise in natural light for half an hour every day have better sleep and more energy .（他发现那些每天在自然光下锻炼半小时的人睡眠更好，精力更充沛。）可知是白天锻炼更好，故答案为：In the day./It's better to exercise in the day. （2）根据 Dr.Yang has been doing research on sports and sleep for years.（杨博士多年来一直在研究运动和睡眠。）可知是关于运动和睡眠，故答案为：It's about sports and sleep . /Sports and sleep./His research is about sports and sleep. （3）根据Dr.Yang himself gets up at 6：30 a.m.Then he usually takes a walk outside.（杨医生自己早上6：30起床，然后通常到外面散步。）可知他通常到外面散步，故答案为：He usually takes a walk outside. （4）根据They made it a rule that students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day.（他们规定学生每天应该做一到两次户外运动。）可知学生每天应该做一到两次户外运动，故答案为：Students should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day./They should do outdoor exercise once or twice a day./ Once or twice a day. （5）根据Some students are now thinking about inviting their teachers to join them in their daily runs.（一些学生现在正在考虑邀请他们的老师参加他们的日常跑步。）可知邀请他们的老师参加他们的日常跑步，故答案为：Students will invite their teachers. /They will invite their teachers./Their teachers. 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 五．书面表达（共1小题） 8．（2024秋•龙岗区校级期末）为了展现同学们的英语能力，学校将在下周举办英语周系列活动。请你根据学校英语周的活动安排，写一篇作文，描述各项活动的具体安排。 内容必须包括： （1）活动名称，活动内容，活动时间、地点。 （2）参加活动时的注意事项。 （3）列举活动不少于三个。 注意：写作时不能出现学校真实名字。字数 80﹣100。 English Week To improve our English level and provide a stage for students to show their English talents，_________. 【考点】说明文；学校生活．2024秋 【答案】 English Week To improve our English level and provide a stage for students to show their English talents，the English Week held every two years is approaching in our school． All the students in Grade Three are required to take part in it at 4：30 p．m．every day，and it will last 5 days，from December 21th to 25th．The activities include the Opening ceremony on Monday，and the Closing ceremony on Friday．Besides，we have Knowledge Contest，English songs and speech competition in the rest of the three days as well．As for the details of the competition，ask your English teacher．Be sure that each class should give an English drama performance and make effort to present us an interesting and colorful English week． 【分析】高分句型一： All the students in Grade Three are required to take part in it at 4：30 p．m．every day，and it will last 5 days，from December 21th to 25th． 译文：三年级的学生每天下午四点半都要参加，从12月21日到25日，持续5天。 分析：使用被动语态be required to do sth。 高分句型二： Be sure that each class should give an English drama performance and make effort to present us an interesting and colorful English week． 译文：确保每堂课都上英语戏剧表演，并努力为我们呈现一个有趣和多彩的英语周。 分析：使用祈使句，that引导宾语从句． 【解答】 English Week To improve our English level and provide a stage for students to show their English talents，the English Week held every two years is approaching in our school．（名称和地点） All the students in Grade Three are required to take part in it at 4：30 p．m．every day，and it will last 5 days，from December 21th to 25th． 【高分句型一】（时间）The activities include the Opening ceremony on Monday，and the Closing ceremony on Friday．Besides，we have Knowledge Contest，English songs and speech competition in the rest of the three days as well．（具体活动） As for the details of the competition，ask your English teacher．Be sure that each class should give an English drama performance and make effort to present us an interesting and colorful English week．【高分句型二】（注意事项） 【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。 考点卡片 1．传统文化 【考点介绍】 这类文章通常涉及不同国家和地区的文化传统、历史背景、风俗习惯等，常以完形填空、阅读理解、语法填空、短文填空等形式出现，要求考生在理解语篇的基础上，对相关文化背景有一定的了解，并能够准确把握语篇中的文化内涵和语言表达方式。 【解题思路】 1.了解文化背景：在阅读语篇之前，可以先通过查阅书籍、网络等途径，了解该文化的历史、地理、宗教、习俗等方面的信息。 2.分析语篇结构：传统文化类语篇通常具有一定的结构特点，比如按照时间顺序或空间顺序来组织内容。 3.注意语言特点：传统文化类语篇通常使用一些特定的词汇、短语和表达方式，这些语言特点需要在翻译或理解时特别注意。例如，一些文化特定的词汇可能涉及到历史、宗教、艺术等领域。 4.结合上下文理解：传统文化类语篇中可能会出现一些难以理解的典故、比喻等，需要结合上下文进行理解。 5.练习和积累：可以多种途径积累相关的知识和经验，例如参加相关的文化交流活动，了解不同国家和地区的文化传统。 2．日常生活 【考点介绍】 日常生活类文章在英语考试中通常以阅读理解的形式出现，主要考查学生的词汇量、阅读理解能力、文化背景知识和生活常识。 【解题思路】 1.快速阅读：先快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容。注意文章中的生词和短语，以及段落的结构和逻辑关系。 2.细节阅读：仔细阅读题目，带着问题回到文章中，找到相关的细节信息。注意文章中的时间、地点、人物、事件等关键信息。 3.语境理解：结合上下文理解词汇和短语的意思。对于一些不熟悉的词汇或表达，可以通过上下文推断其含义。 4.逻辑推理：对于需要进行逻辑推理的题目，要仔细阅读题目和选项。根据文章中的信息进行推理，注意避免过度推理和主观臆断。 5.检查答案：完成所有的题目后，再次检查答案，确保没有遗漏或误解题意。 3．语言/学习 【考点介绍】 语言学习类文章主要涉及语言学习的过程、技巧、策略以及语言学习对个人的影响等内容。这类文章可能以描述、叙述或说明等形式出现，通常会涉及人们的语言学习经验和观点。 【解题思路】 1.明确文章主题和目的：快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容，并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。 2.了解语言学习的不同方面：仔细阅读文章，注意涉及语言学习的不同方面。例如学习一门新语言的词汇、语法、发音等。 3.理解语言学习的重要性：文章可能会强调语言学习对个人发展的重要性，例如促进文化交流、增强自信、提高职业竞争力等。注意这部分内容，以便更好地理解文章的主旨。 4.注意语言学习技巧和策略：文章可能介绍一些有效的语言学习技巧和策略，例如通过看电影、听音乐、参加语言交流会等方式学习语言。注意这些信息，以便更好地理解如何高效地学习语言。 5.了解语言学习的挑战和应对方法：文章可能涉及语言学习中的挑战，例如语言障碍、文化差异等，并介绍一些应对方法。注意这些内容，以便更好地了解如何克服语言学习中的困难。 6.语法和拼写检查：在完成回答时，一定要花时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写，以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。 7.利用已知信息：如果在考试中遇到关于你的语言学习经历和方法等问题，而文章中没有明确的信息，你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。 4．人与社会 0 5．科普知识 【考点介绍】 科普知识类文章主要涉及科学领域中的各种知识，包括物理、化学、生物、地球科学等，以及最新的科技发展和应用。这类文章可能以说明、叙述或描述等形式出现，通常会涉及科学实验、数据分析、理论解释等内容。 【解题思路】 1.明确文章主题和目的：快速浏览文章以确定主题和目的。这有助于理解文章的主要内容，并帮助你把握文章的大致走向。 2.了解相关的科学背景和概念：仔细阅读文章，注意相关的科学背景和概念。例如，物理定律、化学反应、生物学原理等。注意这些词汇，以便更好地理解文章的背景和内容。 3.注意科学实验和数据分析：文章可能强调科学实验和数据分析。例如，实验方法、数据采集、统计分析等。注意这些信息，以便更好地理解科学研究的过程和方法。 4.了解科技发展和应用：文章可能介绍最新的科技发展和应用。例如，人工智能、量子计算、生物技术等。注意这些内容，以便更好地理解科技的进步和实际应用。 5.语法和拼写检查：在完成回答时，一定要花时间检查你的答案的语法和拼写，以确保你的答案在语法和拼写上都是正确的。 6.利用已知信息：如果在考试中遇到关于你对某种科普知识的看法或对未来科技发展的预测等问题，而文章中没有明确的信息，你可以利用你已经知道的信息来回答问题。 6．记叙文 【考点介绍】 在英语考试中，"记叙文"类文章主要涉及个人或他人的经历、事件、情感等方面，通常以第一人称或第三人称的角度进行叙述。这类文章可能包括故事、回忆录、游记、传记等不同形式，考查学生对语言表达和情感态度的理解能力。 【解题思路】 1.抓住主题和关键信息：阅读时要注意文章中的时间、地点、人物和事件等关键信息，并理解作者的情感态度和主题。 2.理解文章结构：记叙文通常有时间顺序、因果关系等结构特点，注意把握文章中的转折、承接等逻辑关系。 3.注意细节：阅读时要注重细节描写，这些细节可能直接或间接地反映出作者的情感和态度，也可能构成文章的线索。 4.完形填空：在完形填空题中，要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意人物性格和情感的变化以及情节的推进。 5.写作：如果要求写作记叙文，要明确人称和时态，注意事件的起承转合和人物性格的刻画。同时，运用适当的修辞手法可以增强文章的表现力。 7．说明文 【考点介绍】 在英语中，"说明文"类文章通常涉及对某个特定主题或观点的详细阐述。这类文章通常具有明确的目的，旨在解释某个概念、过程或观点，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握。与议论文不同的是，说明文不涉及个人观点和立场，而是侧重于客观地阐述事实和信息。 【解题思路】 1.理解主题和目的：注意文章的标题和开头段落，这可以帮助你快速了解文章的主题和作者要阐述的内容。 2.抓住主要特点：例如事物或现象的主要特点、工作原理或操作步骤等。 3.分析文章结构：通常来说，说明文会按照以下结构展开：引言（Introduction）、主体（Body）和结论（Conclusion）。 4.细节阅读：注意文章中使用的实例、数据和插图等辅助材料。 5.完形填空：要根据上下文语境和语法知识选择正确选项。注意选项之间的逻辑关系和语法搭配，同时要结合文章的主题和内容进行推理。 6.写作：要明确主题和目的，安排好文章结构。在写作过程中，使用适当的语言表达自己的观点和解释，同时要注意语言的准确性和逻辑性。可以使用实例、数据和图表等辅助材料来支持你的观点。 8．细节理解 【考点介绍】 英语阅读中的"细节理解"考点主要考察考生对文章中特定细节的理解和把握能力。这类考点通常会以各种形式出现，例如直接细节题、间接细节题、细节转换题等。这类题目通常会涉及到文章中的一些具体事实、细节，如时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等。 【解题思路】 1.抓住关键词：首先，考生需要先明确题目中询问的具体内容，一般来说，题目中的"细节"一词通常会与时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等关键词一起出现。 2.精准定位：在找到关键词后，考生需要快速浏览文章，找到与题目中询问的内容相关的段落。注意，题目中的细节可能会出现在不同的段落中，因此考生需要仔细阅读每个段落，尤其是包含关键词的句子及其周围的句子。 3.理解细节内容：在找到相关段落后，考生需要仔细阅读该段落的每一句话，理解其具体含义。对于其中的时间、地点、人物、事件、原因等细节信息，考生需要特别注意。同时，考生还需要注意段落中的逻辑关系，这有助于理解细节信息的真正含义。 4.对比选项：一般来说，正确答案会在原文中直接给出或者根据原文中的细节信息进行推理得到。考生要注意选项中的细节是否与原文一致，尤其要注意那些在原文中被特别强调的信息。 5.排除干扰项：有些选项可能会给出与原文相似但不完全一致的信息，或者给出一些原文中没有提到的信息。考生要学会识别这些干扰项，从而排除它们，找到正确答案。 9．学校生活 【考点介绍】 英语写作中的"学校生活"话题，通常要求考生描述自己的学校生活，包括学习、交友、校园活动等方面。这类题型在各类英语考试中比较常见，一般要求考生根据题目提供的材料或情境，描述自己的学校生活并表达自己的感受和观点。 【解题思路】 1.确定主题和要点：根据题目要求，确定写作的主题和要点。例如，可以涉及学习方法、课程设置、老师同学等。 2.写作构思：在头脑中形成一个清晰的文章结构，包括引言、主体和结论三个部分。引言部分应简要介绍主题并引起读者兴趣；主体部分应详细阐述学校生活的各个方面；结论部分可以总结全文并强调学校生活的重要性和丰富性。 3.写作过程：开始写作，首先写引言部分，用简短的语言引起读者的兴趣；然后写主体部分，详细阐述学校生活的各个方面，包括学习、交友、校园活动等，使用适当的语法、词汇和句式来表达自己的感受和观点；最后写结论部分，总结全文并强调学校生活的重要性和丰富性。在写作过程中，要注意使用自己熟悉和有把握的语言和词汇来表达观点，同时保证语法和拼写的准确性。 4.检查与修改：完成初稿后，仔细检查文章的内容、语法、拼写和结构等方面是否存在错误。检查文章是否准确地表达了自己的观点和论据，是否符合题目要求和字数限制。同时，检查语言表达是否准确、自然、流畅，是否达到了写作的目的。 10．说明文 【考点介绍】 说明文写作是一种以说明、解释为主要表达方式的写作体裁，通常用来阐述某个概念、过程或原理等。说明文写作通常要求学生能够根据给定的主题或情境，写出一篇具有清晰逻辑和准确表述的说明文。 【典型例题】 请根据下面内容提示，写一篇短文，简要介绍一下北京。 城市名称 北京 地理位置 中国的北部 面积 16，000平方公里 人口 14，000，000 其它 …… 要求： （1）词数80左右； （2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 分析：高分句型一：Located in the north of China，Beijing is the capital city of the country. 翻译：北京位于中国北部，是中国的首都。 分析：本句使用了过去分词短语Located in the north of China作状语。 高分句型二：Beijing，a tourist destination，with many places of interest，such as the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace and the Great Wall，attracts many tourists all over the world every year. 翻译：北京是一个旅游目的地，有许多名胜古迹，如紫禁城、颐和园和长城，每年都吸引着世界各地的许多游客。 分析：句子里，a tourist destination为同位语，解释说明主语Beijing。 解答：Located in the north of China，Beijing is the capital city of the country.（高分句型一）（地理位置） It covers a total area of 16，000 square kilometers with a population of 14 million.（面积、人口） Here it is hot and rainy in summer while cold and dry in winter.Beijing，a tourist destination，with many places of interest，such as the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace and the Great Wall，attracts many tourists all over the world every year.（高分句型二）What's more，it was the host city of the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.（其它） 点评：写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。 【解题思路】 1.理解题目要求：在开始写作之前，需要仔细阅读题目要求，明确写作的主题、情境和字数限制等。 2.确定说明对象：在写作时，需要明确说明的对象，并确定需要解释的概念或过程等。 3.构建文章结构：在写作前，需要设计好文章的结构，包括引言、主体和结论等部分。 4.注意语言表达：在写作时，需要注意语言的准确性，避免使用模糊或歧义的语言表达。同时，需要注意语言的逻辑性和连贯性，确保文章的条理清晰、易于理解。 5.检查语法错误：在完成写作后，需要仔细检查语法错误、拼写错误等，确保文章的通顺和准确。 第1页（共1页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$