课文助读（8） Unit4 Using Language-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义晨背晚默（人教版2019）

课文助读(八)Using Language 教材原文助读 ◎ ①What if...？如果……将会怎样？ ②delay v．延期；(使)耽搁；推迟 ③cheer sb up使某人振作起来 ④make fire生火 ⑤fat n．脂肪；肥肉 ⑥give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) ⑦starve vi.& vt.使饿死；使挨饿 ⑧chef n．厨师；主厨 ⑨discipline n．自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚 ⑩optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 ⑪episode n．(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 ⑫relief n．救济；减轻；解除；安慰 ⑬pay back 偿还；报答 ⑭commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献 ◎ THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them.Would they ever return to find us？What might happen to them？What if① they were delayed②？We felt so alone and desperate.But it was not for long.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up③. Life fell into a regular pattern.Staying alive took all our time and energy.For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none.We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it.But how could we make fire④？There were no trees [1]growing on Antarctica and no oil, [2]so the only fuel we could use was animal fat⑤．This gave off⑥ oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. [1]“growing on Antarctica”为动词­ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词trees。 [2]“we could use”为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the only fuel。 Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island.One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted in his diary about [3]how bored he was with the meals：“The food now is pretty well all meat of sea creatures.”If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve⑦.As a chef⑧， it was my duty to cook, [4]so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could．But it was difficult. [3]how引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。 [4]whatever引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。 We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill.It was almost [5]as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few．The sweat could freeze very quickly.Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires.It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs. [5]本句为as...as...结构。 The twenty­two of us lived like this in the cold for four months.Our discipline⑨ and team spirit kept us optimistic⑩ and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal.This was an episode⑪ in my life that I would never forget. [6]When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief⑫ and joy that many of us could not hide our tears．We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food, and the care of our family and friends.Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.And he paid us back⑬ by his commitment⑭ to save us from a slow but painful death. [6]when引导时间状语从句，such...that...引导结果状语从句。 ◎ 毅力的奖赏 我们看着沙克尔顿驾船驶离象岛，不难想象他们将要面临的危险境地。他们还会回来找我们吗？他们会遇到什么？如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？我们感到非常孤独和绝望，但这种情绪并没持续多久，没有什么比一顿好饭和一些音乐更能让我们振作起来了。 生活陷入常规的循环往复，光是活下去就耗费了我们所有的时间和精力。比如，我们需要水， 可是象岛上没有。我们发现我们可以融化海洋中的冰来获得饮用水。可是我们怎么生火呢？南极洲没有树木生长，也没有石油，因此我们唯一可用的燃料是动物脂肪。它燃烧时会散发出油腻的黑烟，但任是强风也无法将其吹灭。 食物也是个问题，因为我们在岛上找不到任何蔬菜或水果。团队中的一名成员莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特在日记里记录了他对这些食物的厌倦：“现在的食物基本都是海洋动物的肉。”要不是这些海洋动物，我们都得饿死。作为厨师，做饭是我的职责，所以我竭尽所能把饭菜做出花样来，可是真的很难。 我们必须小心些，不要经常外出，因为变化的温度会让我们生病。因为穿太多衣服而变得太热和穿得太少而变得太冷几乎是同样危险的。汗水很快就会结冰。我们中的许多人也因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它损伤了我们的眼睛，灼伤了我们的肺。 我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了4个月。我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，帮助我们用积极和成功的方式应对恐惧。我们也会庆祝我们的生日和节日，甚至庆祝抓获海洋动物的时刻。这是我人生中一段永生难忘的经历。 在最终获救时，我们如释重负，喜极而泣。我们终于可以回家了，回归温暖的床，(享受)美味的食物，感受到家人和朋友的关心。我们的乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮我们坚持活了下来。他也兑现了他的承诺，将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救了出来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$