精品解析：海南省某校2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语试题 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A In a café. B. In a store. C. In a kitchen. 2. What may cause the man trouble? A. Missing a class. B. Having dinner outside. C. Getting back home too late. 3. Why does the man come to talk to the woman? A. To seek advice. B. To offer information. C. To give support. 4. How does the woman keep fit now? A. By going climbing. B. By playing basketball. C. By working out at a gym. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. TV ads. B. TV series. C. TV stations. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6 段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Close friends. B. Shopkeeper and cashier. C. Salesperson and customer. 7. What is the man going to do with the blouse? A. Return it. B. Exchange it. C. Pay for it. 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How long is the movie? A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. Four hours. 9. What is the man going to do today? A. Go for a cycle ride. B. Work on his school paper. C. Finish watching the movie. 请听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What does the man do? A. A host. B. A doctor. C. An artist. 11. What is Alice's unusual ability? A. Imagining colors of words. B. Connecting colors with words. C. Distinguishing words for colors. 12. What do we know about Alice and her brother? A. They can't recognize colors correctly. B. They feel alike about different colors. C. They were born with the same condition. 13. How does Alice sound in the end? A. Optimistic. B. Depressed. C. Confused. 请听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How will the man deal with his video games? A. Sell them cheaply. B. Remove them all. C. Share them online. 15 What does the man think of playing video games? A. It makes some sense. B. It is a waste of time. C. It is a basic skill. 16. Why is the woman interested in playing video games? A. It can make her feel relaxed. B. She wants to be a skilled gamer. C. It is a good means of killing time. 17. What do studies show about video games? A. They can be beneficial. B. They are popular with doctors. C. They have a bad influence on students. 请听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did Jin Schofield share with her friend? A. Her idea of creating a device. B. Her knowledge of sign language. C. Her experience of working as a volunteer. 19. How did Jin Schofield and her friend start their work? A. They worked with local professors. B. They communicated in sign language daily. C. They attended a two-month machine learning course. 20. When did Jin Schofield and her friend win $10, 000? A. In 2019. B. In 2020. C. In 2021. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。 A RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, for young people. Created by St John Ambulance, the nation’s leading first-aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country. If you’re aged between 16 and 25 years old, and are not in employment, education or training, RISE could help you learn new skills and improve your prospects. What you’ll learn St John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid, and we are devoted to equipping as many people as possible with the skills to be the difference between life and death. As a participant (参加者) you’ll learn first aid through our Stick-it, and also get the opportunity to develop new skills, which will give you the confidence to train others in your community, or the qualifications in youth lendership you need to get your career up and running. Choosing the right path for you At the heart of the RISE project is a commitment to peer-to-peer learning. As well as being taught first aid, you’ll be given the skills and guidance to pass your knowledge onto other people in your community. RISE offers you the chance to gain a range of qualifications (资格) and to choose a path that helps you make the most of your talents. Stick-it: Our one-day introduction to first aid focuses on knife related injuries. You’ll find out how to manage an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first-aid skills. First aid: You’ll focus on CPR and dealing with an emergency situation on this six-hour course. Keeping children safe: A course designed for those who come into contact with children through their work or leisure activities. This short programme works by helping individuals to understand the unusual role they play in keeping children safe from harm. Essential skills in youth work: This course provides an introduction to St John Ambulance and is the minimum qualification for a youth leadership role within the organisation. 1. What do we know about RISE? A. It was set up by St John. B. It offers first-aid training. C. It teaches the youth promotion tips. D. It is funded by communities. 2. Which of the following courses deals with a serious finger cut? A. Stick-it. B. First aid. C. Keeping children safe. D. Essential skills in youth work. 3. What is the text mainly about? A. Tips on first-aid training. B. A guidance on how to give first aid. C. Advantages of taking first-aid courses. D. An introduction to some first-aid courses. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了由St John Ambulance创立的为年轻人设计的RISE项目及其提供的一些急救课程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, for young people. Created by St John Ambulance, the nation’s leading first-aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country.( RISE是一个令人激动的项目，由年轻人设计和领导，为年轻人服务。该项目由全国领先的急救慈善机构St John Ambulance创立，现在在全国各地的社区都可以参加)”和第二段中“St John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid, and we are devoted to equipping as many people as possible with the skills to be the difference between life and death.(St John Ambulance认为每个人都应该获得急救，我们致力于让尽可能多的人掌握生死之别的技能)”可知，RISE项目提供急救培训。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Stick-it: Our one-day introduction to first aid focuses on knife related injuries. You’ll find out how to manage an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first-aid skills. (Stick-it：我们为期一天的急救入门课程重点关注刀具造成的伤害。你将学习如何处理突发事件，并学习一些最常用的急救技能)”可知，Stick-it这门课程处理刀具造成的伤害，包括严重的手指切割伤。故选A项。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, for young people. Created by St John Ambulance, the nation’s leading first-aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country. (RISE是一个由年轻人设计和领导的令人激动的项目，面向年轻人。该项目由全国领先的急救慈善机构St John Ambulance创立，现在在全国各地的社区都可以参加)”和下文对RISE项目提供的几门急救课程的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了由St John Ambulance创立的为年轻人设计的RISE项目及其提供的一些急救课程。故选D项。 B A friend recently showed me her planned trip to Italy. Over cups of tea, she laid out the trip in military order-the Colosseum, Pompeii, Venice…By the time she was done I was exhausted, and 1 hadn’t even set foot outside the house. My way of travelling is different. I just pick a destination and then go there, leaving things to chance. This may not be for everybody, but leaping into the unknown, for me, has been great. Take Greenland for example: 1 found myself in a tiny village of just 40 people, with no place to stay. The locals welcomed me warmly, and I enjoyed a delightful supper with an Inuit family, completed with fantastic stories never found in guidebooks. A few years back, driving through Iceland, I noticed an older woman sitting at a picnic table by a waterfall. I approached her, and asked if I could sit with her. She turned out to be a source of knowledge about the area, which we had all to ourselves, without a tourist in sight. Wandering in Trinidad, I got on a coastal ship. On the way, a young woman talked to me and gave me a tip for a visit to a hidden local restaurant with delicious and affordable food. There, I enjoyed the meal surrounded by the relaxing local music. As a teacher, I encourage my students to travel．Most of them have never gone outside; others even never left their hometown. In many cases, they express a sense of fear, of going someplace where they won’t know anybody. I try to remove their anxieties by sharing my own travel experiences, and the message that there are good people everywhere, and friendships are waiting to be started. I once read a piece about regrets that people expressed later in their lives. One that struck me was, “I wish I had taken more chances.” Setting off little planning does mean taking a risk, but for me, it is rewarding. 4. Why did the author mention her friend’s travel plan? A. To recommend some best spots in Italy. B. To express her unconcern of friend’s plan. C. To introduce her different way of traveling. D. To show her tiredness of making travel plans. 5. What can you learn from the author’s travel experiences? A. She visited a village with large population in Greenland. B. She learnt fascinating stories about Inuit from guidebooks. C. She saw the waterfall advised by an old woman in Iceland. D. She enjoyed a meal in a local hidden restaurant in Trinidad. 6. What mainly stops the author’s students from traveling? A. Their lack of money. B. Their fear of unfamiliar places. C. Their dislike of travelling abroad. D. Their inability to leave hometown. 7. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Friendships Start in Trips B. A Man is Rewarded with Plans C. Travels Unprepared Bring Surprise D. Chances Favor the Focused Minds 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我喜欢不事先计划的旅行方式，并且讲述了旅行过程中遇见的许多惊喜。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“My way of travelling is different. I just pick a destination and then go there, leaving things to chance. (我的旅行方式与众不同。我只是选定一个目的地，然后就去那里，听天由命。)”可知，作者第一段提到朋友的旅行计划是为了引出下文自己与朋友截然不同的旅行方式。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“On the way, a young woman talked to me and gave me a tip for a visit to a hidden local restaurant with delicious and affordable food.There, I enjoyed the meal surrounded by the relaxing local music. (在路上，一位年轻女子与我交谈，并给我推荐了一家隐藏在当地、食物美味且价格实惠的餐厅。在那里，我在轻松的当地音乐中享受着美食。)”可知，作者在Trinidad旅行时，在当地一家隐蔽的餐馆享用了一顿美餐。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Most of them have never gone outside; others even never left their hometown. In many cases, they express a sense of fear, or going someplace where they won’t know anybody. (他们中的大多数从未出过国；还有一些人甚至从未离开过家乡。很多时候，他们表达的是一种恐惧，或是去一个不认识任何地方。)”可知，学生们不愿意出门旅行的原因主要是对未知的恐惧。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文以及最后一段“One that struck me was, “I wish I had taken more chances.” Setting off little planning does mean taking a risk, but for me, it is rewarding. (有一个回答让我印象深刻：“我真希望我曾冒过更多的险。”不经过周密计划就开始行动确实意味着冒险，但对我来说，去做是值得的。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者不做计划旅游方式所带来的意外之惊喜。所以短文的标题为“毫无准备的旅行带来的惊喜”。故选C项。 C “One day I went to a Swedish friend’s and while we were playing in his room, his mom yelled that dinner was ready. And check this. He told me to WAIT in his room while they ate!” an Internet user shared on a media platform. Consequently, there was a lot of criticism of the Swedes. Many said they wouldn’t dream of being so mean in their culture. Would a host in Sweden really not invite a guest to join their meal if it’s dinnertime? It does happen, says Richard Tellstrom, a food historian at Stockholm University. He says this so-called “non-hospitality” was customary when he was a kid in the ‘60s and ‘70s. If he was over a friend’s house and it was time for dinner, he would go back to his own house to eat. Or he would stay and wait in another room while his friend finished his meal. Then they’d continue playing. “Some Swedes think feeding a guest creates a sense of duty.” explains Tellstrom. “And in a society that values equality and independence, people don’t want to put a burden on someone or feel like they owe someone something.” However, it wasn’t a universal rule. Families in the countryside, for example, were more likely to feed guests. People lived farther apart, so it wasn’t as easy for people to go home and eat. The “no dinner for you” policy has slowly faded, says Tellstrom. “Since the 1990s, food has become a new symbol in society. We have open kitchens. People like to dine there and show off their cooking.” But non-sharing hosts haven’t entirely disappeared, says Mohini Mehta, a food scholar. She admits she had a tough time adjusting to life in Sweden when she moved there in 2020. She was used to cooking dine every day for friends and hosting dinner parties almost weekly in India. She learned that in some cultures, like her own, sharing a meal with someone is a way to break the ice—but this isn’t always the case for Swedes. 8. For what purpose is Paragraph 1 is written? A. To introduce the topic meal-sharing. B. To release the netizen’s bad feelings. C. To offer a platform to generate ideas. D. To compare some foreign food cultures. 9. What does “customary” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Particular. B. Optional. C. Normal. D. Unreasonable. 10. Why do some hosts choose non-hospitality according to Tellstrom? A. Because food represents a symbol of social status. B. Because they don’t want to show off their cooking. C. Because it is wildly acknowledged across the country. D. Because their culture values equality and independence. 11. How is the text developed? A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing reasons. C. By providing statistics. D. By making comparisons. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。瑞典人不好客，很多时候，他们并不会邀请客人共享食物。但并非所有国家都这样。文章对这一现象进行了分析。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段开头以一个帖子“One day I went to a Swedish friend’s and while we were playing in his room, his mom yelled that dinner was ready… He told me to WAIT in his room while they ate! (有一天我去一个瑞典朋友家，当我们在他的房间里玩的时候，他妈妈大叫说晚饭准备好了。他让我在他房间里等他们吃饭!)”引出一个问题“Would a host in Sweden really not invite a guest to join their meal if it’s dinnertime?( 在瑞典，如果到了晚餐时间，主人真的不会邀请客人一起用餐吗?)”。下文对这个问题进行了回答和阐述。因此，第一段的目的就是为了引出关于瑞典人是否邀请客人“共享食物”这个话题。故选A。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文中的“It does happen(这种情况的确发生过)”和下文中“If he was over a friend’s house and it was time for dinner, he would go back to his own house to eat. Or he would stay and wait in another room while his friend finished his meal(如果他在朋友家，到了吃饭的时间，他就会回自己家吃饭。或者他会呆在另一个房间里等他的朋友吃完饭)”可知，瑞典的确可能不招待客人。由此可知，在瑞典，“不款待客人”是他们的一种习惯，是常见的。故画线词的意思应该是“常见的”。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Some Swedes think feeding a guest creates a sense of duty.” explains Tellstrom. “And in a society that values equality and independence, people don’t want to put a burden on someone or feel like they owe someone something.”(“一些瑞典人认为，为客人提供食物会让他们产生一种责任感。”Tellstrom解释道。“在一个重视平等和独立的社会里，人们不想给别人造成负担，也不想觉得自己欠别人什么。”)”可知，瑞典文化重视平等和独立，所以有些瑞典人认为待客并不是自己的责任。所以他们会选择不款待客人。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段提到的帖子，第二段提到的Richard Tellstrom的个人经历，第三段中的“for example”和第四段中的Mohini Mehta的个人经历可知，本文通过一些事例来表明“瑞典人不好客，但并非所有国家都这样”的观点。故选A。 D To create is human. For the past 300,000 years, we’ve been unique in our ability to make art, cuisine, and societies to imagine and create something new where there was nothing before. Now we have company. While you’re reading this sentence, generative artificial intelligence programs are responding to emails, preparing tax returns, and providing health advice. Artificial intelligence has already had a wide impact on our lives. AIs have been used to price medicine and houses, assemble (组装) cars, determine what ads we see on social media. But generative AI, which can create wholly novel content, is much newer. Supporters believe this is just the beginning, that generative AI will change the way we work and engage with the world, unlock creativity and scientific discoveries, and allow human beings to achieve previously unimaginable goals. This shift marks the most important technological breakthrough since social media. Generative AI tools have been adopted greedily in recent months by the public, thanks to programs like ChatGPT, which responds to virtually any question, and Dall-E, which allows you to produce any image you dream up. In January, ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users. This craze caught off guard many tech companies and has stimulated an intense race in Silicon Valley. In weeks, Microsoft and Google have shifted their entire corporate strategies to seize control of what they believe profitable. Microsoft is investing $10 billion in Open AI, creator of ChatGPT and Dall-E, and announced plans to integrate generative AI into its Office software and search engine. Google declared a “code red” corporate emergency in response to the success of ChatGPT and rushed its own search-oriented chatbot to market. But this gold rush could also prove disastrous. In a winner-takes-all battle for power, these companies risk repeating past mistakes, such as prioritizing growth over safety. While there are many potentially good aspects of these new technologies, even tools designed for good can have unforeseen I and ruinous consequences. This is the story of how the gold rush began—and what history tells us about what could happen next. 12. Which of the following is the particular function of generative AI? A. Price goods. B. Build vehicles. C. Decide ads on social media. D. Offer health suggestions. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The functions of generative AI. B. The programs of generative AI. C. People’s interest in generative AI. D. Companies’ investment in generative AI. 14. What does Microsoft plan to do? A. Shift its focus to Office software. B. Invest in another generative AI start-up. C. Integrate its search engine into Office software. D Combine generative AI with its existing products. 15. Why does the author mention the gold rush in the last paragraph? A. To emphasise the importance of history. B. To advocate the use of new technologies. C. To put off the development of generative AI. D. To warn of the potential danger of generative AI. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讨论了生成式人工智能的特定功能、公司对该技术的投资以及潜在的风险和危险性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While you’re reading this sentence, generative artificial intelligence programs are responding to emails, preparing tax returns, and providing health advice.(当你在读这句话的时候，生成式人工智能程序正在回复电子邮件、准备纳税申报表和提供健康建议)”可知，生成式人工智能能提供健康建议。故选D项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“This shift marks the most important technological breakthrough since social media. Generative AI tools have been adopted greedily in recent months by the public, thanks to programs like ChatGPT, which responds to virtually any question, and Dall-E, which allows you to produce any image you dream up. In January, ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users.(这一转变标志着自社交媒体以来最重要的技术突破。近几个月来，由于ChatGPT和Dall-E等程序的出现，生成式人工智能工具被公众贪婪地采用，ChatGPT几乎可以回答任何问题，Dall-E可以让你生成任何你想要的图像。今年1月，ChatGPT的月活跃用户达到1亿)”可知，本段主要讲述了人们对生成式人工智能的兴趣。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Microsoft is investing $10 billion in Open AI, creator of ChatGPT and Dall-E, and announced plans to integrate generative AI into its Office software and search engine.(微软向开发ChatGPT和Dall-E的Open AI投资100亿美元，并宣布计划将生成式人工智能整合到Office软件和搜索引擎中)”可知，微软打算将生成式人工智能整合到Office软件和搜索引擎中，即将生成式AI与现有产品相结合。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But this gold rush could also prove disastrous. In a winner-takes-all battle for power, these companies risk repeating past mistakes, such as prioritizing growth over safety. While there are many potentially good aspects of these new technologies, even tools designed for good can have unforeseen I and ruinous consequences. This is the story of how the gold rush began—and what history tells us about what could happen next.(但这种淘金热也可能是灾难性的。在一场赢者通吃的权力之战中，这些公司可能会重复过去的错误，比如将增长置于安全之上。虽然这些新技术有许多潜在的优点，但即使是为好的目的而设计的工具也可能产生不可预见的破坏性后果。这是淘金热如何开始的故事，以及历史告诉我们接下来会发生什么)”可知，作者在最后一段提到淘金热，是为了警告生成式人工智能的潜在危险。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，共12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Travelling abroad can present many challenges, including long journeys, language problems, and culture shocks, plus the expense of transport and accommodation. ____16____ It is rewarding to get to experience life in different ways. One of the wonderful benefits of going abroad is that you can learn history and culture without real effort. There’s a natural tendency to absorb other cultures and pick up historical concepts, while enjoying yourself at the same time. ____17____ Another great benefit is that living in a foreign culture is the only real way to fully understand its language. ___18___ Even if you’re a complete beginner and only manage to pick up a few key phrases of the local language, you still know more than when you arrive. ____19____ People in other countries can demonstrate different ways of doing things and alternative ways of being. It can open up your mind and generate new ideas. A direct encounter with a fresh expression of arts, religions, architecture, and food can contribute to an enlightening and valuable experience. Removing yourself from the familiar and travelling to a new country can be a very powerful tool for gaining self-awareness and deeper understanding. ____20____ It can help you shift how you see yourself. Perhaps ironically, visiting a foreign country can also teach you things about your homeland. You get to view your land of birth from another perspective and have something to compare it with. A. It’s far superior to learning it in a classroom. B. The new land gives you a fresh social environment. C. The direct experience helps you remember something easily. D. Many people wonder what they should do in a foreign country. E. Travelling abroad can also boost creativity and drive innovation. F. Another benefit of travelling abroad is the relaxation you can get. G. However, there’s rarely a dull moment when you’ re in a different country. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了出国旅行虽然有很多问题，但是带来的好处是不容忽视的。 【16题详解】 上文“Travelling abroad can present many challenges, including long journeys, language problems, and culture shocks, plus the expense of transport and accommodation. (出国旅行会带来许多挑战，包括长途旅行、语言问题、文化冲击，以及交通和住宿费用)”说明的是出国旅行的问题和下文“It is rewarding to get to experience life in different ways. (以不同的方式体验生活是有益的)”出国旅行的好处，与空格处是并列关系，因此G项“然而，当你在一个不同的国家时，很少有沉闷的时刻”与上文是转折关系，与下文是顺接关系，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 上文“There’s a natural tendency to absorb other cultures and pick up historical concepts, while enjoying yourself at the same time. (人们自然倾向于吸收其他文化，学习历史概念，同时享受生活。)”说明享受生活的同时也能学到知识，因此C项“直接的经历帮助你很容易记住一些东西”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“Another great benefit is that living in a foreign culture is the only real way to fully understand its language (另一个巨大的好处是，生活在外国文化中是完全理解其语言的唯一真正途径)”说明这与学习语言有关，因此A项“这比在教室里学要好得多”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 下文“It can open up your mind and generate new ideas. (它可以打开你的思维，产生新的想法。)”说明出国旅行有助于产生新想法，因此E项“出国旅行也可以激发创造力，推动创新”概括段意，故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“Removing yourself from the familiar and travelling to a new country can be a very powerful tool for gaining self-awareness and deeper understanding (将自己从熟悉的事物中解脱出来，前往一个新的国家，这是一个非常强大的工具，可以获得自我意识和更深的理解)”说明在新的地方能发现崭新的自己，看自己的另一方面，因此B项“新的土地给你一个新鲜的社会环境”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 2011, Adam Riess was my freshman roommate at MIT. Now he won the Noel Prize in Physics for using the Hubble Space Telescope. While looking at light given off from a distant star, Riess ____21____ that contrary (相反的) to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down, it was actually ____22____. Riess said that when he first saw the data, he thought it was a(n) ____23____since it didn’t match the existing model. But with ____24____ analyses and observations, he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be ____25____. It’s now a generally ____26____ fact that the universe’s expansion is speeding up, mainly due to a force called “dark energy.” When I met with Riess, we got to talking about his ____27____. I asked how he insisted that he should be right. He said my question ____28____ him of something that Richard Feynman said about science. “It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t ____29____ the experiment, it’s wrong.” Adam Riess continued, “I have always had a strong ______30______in the scientific method—you do an experiment to ______31______a hypothesis (假设) and if the data doesn’t fit and you can ______32______ the data, you must change the hypothesis. This is what makes science different and ______33______ of explaining the natural world.” I think we need to ______34______ the way of doing scientific experiments and believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way to find the ______35______. 21. A. observed B. told C. expected D. imagined 22. A. cracking B. missing C. weakening D. quickening 23. A. excuse B. mistake C. challenge D. difficulty 24. A. reported B. limited C. repeated D. selected 25. A. copied B. destroyed C. protected D. corrected 26. A. shocking B. accepted C. ignored D. promising 27. A. contribution B. concern C. discovery D. curiosity 28. A. reminded B. warned C. informed D. convinced 29. A. end up with B. combine with C. give way to D. agree with 30. A. emotion B. dream C. belief D. suggestion 31. A. create B. test C. change D. finish 32. A. prove B. share C. collect D. improve 33. A. worthy B. sensible C. independent D. capable 34. A. cover B. replace C. value D. discuss 35. A. law B. truth C. standard D. balance 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了诺贝尔奖获得者亚当·利斯用自己的亲身经历告诉我们要重视做科学实验，并相信重复的科学实验是一种发现真相的重要方式。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察一颗遥远恒星发出的光时，利斯观察到，与宇宙膨胀放缓的现有理论相反，它实际上正在加速。A. observed观察到；B. told告诉；C. expected期待；D. imagined想象。根据句中“While looking at light given off from a distant star”可知，利斯在观察一颗遥远恒星发出的光，由此可知，这个发现是他观察到的结果。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察一颗遥远恒星发出的光时，利斯观察到，与宇宙膨胀放缓的现有理论相反，它实际上正在加速。A. cracking破裂；B. missing错过；C. weakening削弱；D. quickening加速。根据句中“contrary (相反的) to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down”可知，利斯的理论与“宇宙膨胀放缓”相反，由此可知，他认为宇宙膨胀正在加速。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：利斯说，当他第一次看到这些数据时，他认为这是一个错误，因为它与现有的模型不匹配。A. excuse借口；B. mistake错误；C. challenge挑战；D. difficulty困难。根据句中“since it didn’t match the existing model”可知，利斯的发现与现有的模型不匹配，由此可知，他最初认为这是一个错误。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但经过反复的分析和观察，他最终意识到数据是正确的，模型必须得到纠正。A. reported被报告的；B. limited有限的；C. repeated重复的；D. selected挑选出来的。根据句中“he eventually realized that the data was right”可知，利斯最终意识到数据是正确的，由此可知，为了确认这一结果，经过了反复的分析和观察。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但经过反复的分析和观察，他最终意识到数据是正确的，模型必须得到纠正。A. copied复制；B. destroyed毁灭；C. protected保护；D. corrected改正。根据句中“he eventually realized that the data was right”可知，利斯最终意识到自己的数据是正确的，由此可知，之前的模型是错误的，必须得到纠正。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在一个普遍令人震惊的事实是，宇宙的膨胀正在加速，主要是由于一种叫做“暗能量”的力量驱使。A. shocking令人震惊的；B. accepted公认的；C. ignored被忽视的；D. promising有希望的。根据生活常识可知，新理论“宇宙的膨胀正在加速”是正确的，是公认的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我见到利斯时，我们开始谈论他的发现。A. contribution贡献；B. concern担心；C. discovery发现；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“I asked how he insisted that he should be right.”可知，我问他怎么坚持认为自己是对的，由此可知，我们在谈论他的发现，我问他是怎么坚持想法的。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说我的问题让他想起了理查德·费曼关于科学的一句话。A. reminded使想起；B. warned警告；C. informed通知；D. convinced使相信。根据下文“It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t _____ the experiment, it’s wrong.”可知，这是理查德·费曼说过的话，由此可知，我的问题让他想起了理查德·费曼的话。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“你的理论有多美并不重要。如果它与实验不一致，那它就是错误的。”A. end up with以……结束；B. combine with与……结合；C. give way to向……让步；D. agree with与……一致。根据句中“it’s wrong”可知，理论与实验不一致时，理论就是错的，由此可知，如果它与实验不一致，那它就是错误的。故选D项。 30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以改进数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. emotion情感；B. dream梦想；C. belief信念；D. suggestion建议。根据上文“he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be _____”可知，理查德·费曼认为模型必须得到纠正，由此可知，“如果假设得不到验证，必须改变假设”是理查德·费曼的信念。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以改进数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. create创造；B. test检验；C. change改变；D. finish完成。根据上文“you do an experiment”可知，做实验的目的是检验一个假设，由此可知，句中指你做一个实验来检验一个假设。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以证明数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. prove证明；B. share分享；C. collect收集；D. improve改进。根据句中“if the data doesn’t fit”可知，数据不符合时，我们要证明数据，由此可知，句中指如果数据不符合，你可以证明数据。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以证明数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. worthy值得的；B. sensible理智的，合理的；C. independent独立的；D. capable有能力的。根据句中“explaining the natural world”和生活常识可知，科学能够解释自然世界，“capable”意为“有能力的”，符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们需要重视做科学实验的方式，并相信重复的科学实验是一种非常强大和合乎逻辑的发现真相的方式。A. cover覆盖；B. replace替换；C. value重视；D. discuss讨论。根据句中“believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way”可知，亚当·利斯认为重复的科学实验是一种重要的方式，由此可知，句中指我们需要重视做科学实验的方式。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们需要重视做科学实验的方式，并相信重复的科学实验是一种非常强大和合乎逻辑的发现真相的方式。A. law法律；B. truth真相；C. standard标准；D. balance平衡。根据句中“repeated scientific experiments”和生活常识可知，重复的科学实验是为了发现真相，由此可知，重复的科学实验是一种非常强大和合乎逻辑的发现真相的方式。故选B项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is much debate as to what makes a healthy diet. For example, scientists ___36___ (insist) for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing evidence ___37___ the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. In America, people who receive 25% of their ___38___ (day) calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease ___39___ people who receive less than 10% a day. Therefore, ___40___ is necessary to cut down the ___41___ (food) that contain high amount of sugar. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100 - 150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in ___42___ single candy bar. Finally, there is no trick to healthy eating. Rather, healthy eating starts with ___43___ (have) a healthy attitude towards food. If you are using food ___44___ (most) for nutrition, then you are on the right track with your diet. However, if food has become the centre of your life, you might be on the road to bad health. It is up to you ____45____ (decide) . 【答案】36. have insisted##have been insisting 37. that 38. daily 39. than 40. it 41. foods 42. a 43. having 44. mostly 45. to decide 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了健康饮食的问题，指出真正的健康敌人可能不是高脂肪食物，而是糖，并给出了关于减少糖分摄入的建议。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：例如，多年来科学家们一直坚持认为，健康的大敌是高脂肪食物。根据时间状语“for years”可知，这里表示过去几年一直持续的动作，可能现在还在继续，因此可以用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have insisted/have been insisting。 【37题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：然而，越来越多的证据表明，真正导致健康状况不佳的元凶与其说是高脂肪食物，不如说是糖。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明“evidence”的内容，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在美国，每天从糖分中摄入25%或以上热量的人死于心脏病的可能性，是每天摄入糖分热量低于10%的人的两倍。修饰名词calories，需用形容词daily，作定语。故填daily。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。根据前面的“twice as likely”可知，这里是一个比较级结构，需要用“than”来连接两个被比较的对象。故填than。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：因此，有必要减少高糖食物的摄入。It is adj.+to do…为固定句型，It为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。根据后面的谓语动词“contain”可知，主语应该是复数形式。故填foods。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：美国心脏协会建议我们每天从糖分中摄取的热量不超过100-150卡路里，这个量少于一罐甜饮料或一根糖果棒中通常所含的热量。此处单泛指“一个单独的糖果棒”，且single发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，健康饮食没有诀窍，而是始于对食物的健康态度。空处作介词with的宾语，需用动名词形式。故填having。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：如果你主要把食物当作营养来源，那么你的饮食就是正确的方向。修饰动词“using”需用副词mostly，作状语。故填mostly。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这取决于你自己的决定。固定句型“It is up to sb. to do sth.”，表示“由某人决定做某事”。故填to decide。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友David来信说计划寒假来你所在的城市旅游，想提前向你了解相关信息，请你回信： 1. 表示欢迎； 2. 城市概况； 3. 期望和祝福。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I’m so glad to hear that you’re visiting my city Haikou during the winter vacation. You’re more than welcome! Below is some information related to Haikou. As the capital city of Hainan Province, Haikou is a coastal city, with a warm and humid tropical climate, ensuring pleasant weather all year round. It features stunning beaches where you can soak up the sun. The city is also rich in history and culture, with ancient temples and historical sites scattered around. This city won’t fail you. Your early arrival is highly expected and I wish you a pleasant trip. Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给寒假即将来旅游的英国笔友David写信，介绍自己所在的城市。 【详解】1.词汇激活 高兴的：glad→delighted 与……相关：be related to→be relevant to 确保：ensure→make sure 令人愉快的：pleasant→cheerful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Below is some information related to Haikou. 拓展句：Below is some information which are related to Haikou. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m so glad to hear that you’re visiting my city Haikou during the winter vacation.（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2]It features stunning beaches where you can soak up the sun.（运用了where引导定语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One afternoon, Ava drove to her 4-year-old son’s kindergarten to pick him up. When she arrived, as usual, her son Noah came running and said, “Hi, Mom!” It brought a big smile to Ava’s face. “Did you have a good day, sweetie?” she asked. “Yes,” Noah replied. “Alright, let’s get your things and go home,” Ava said. Noah sat down on one car seat in the back, carrying his school bag which contained books, candies, etc. Then, Ava started the car. “So tell me about the PE class today. Did you have fun?” Ava asked. Noah said he did and explained happily. Ava watched traffic while listening to him. The mother and son were quiet for a couple of minutes. And Ava started to think about what to make for dinner. “How about having some pizza when we get home?” Ava asked Noah. When he didn’t answer, Ava wondered what he was thinking. She knew her son liked pizza, but maybe he wanted something else this time. “You like pizza, don’t you?” Ava asked. Still, Noah didn’t answer. Ava looked over her shoulder, seeing Noah’s face turning red. He couldn’t speak at all. “Oh, my God! What happened?” Ava asked. She had just passed a four-ways top, and there was a wide, grassy shoulder on the road where she pulled off and jumped out of the car, She ran to the other side of the car and freed Noah from the car seat. His face was still bright red and he couldn’t speak, Clearly, he was choking (噎住)! Ava cried out for help and called 911 while pounding her hand against Noah’s back, trying to save her son. But nothing was changing. Suddenly sat all man appeared next to them and took Noah from Ava’s arms. His truck was parked behind them. He held Noah with the boy’s back against his stomach. And, the man thrust (猛推) his hands into Noah’s abdomen (腹部), trying to remove whatever was choking him. Still, nothing happened. Then another family pulled over ahead of them. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph l: A woman ran towards them, saying she was a nurse and could help. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: That day, Ava realized the importance of first aid. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph l: A woman ran towards them, saying she was a nurse and could help. She repeated the tall man’s actions, but her actions appeared more skillful and proper. Suddenly, a piece of candy flew from Noah’s mouth. And Noah cried, showing he could breathe, which made all the people smile with relief. Ava expressed sincere gratitude to both the nurse and the man. Then she held Noah in her arms. Soon, Noah’s face returned to normal color. The nurse was there and rubbed his back to help calm the child as here covered. Paragraph 2: That day, Ava realized the importance of first aid. Before the nurse left. Ava asked her to teach her and the other people how to properly rescue a person from choking. They all listened to her instruction carefully. Later, Ava posted her experience online to remind more people to pay attention to first aid. Now she is attending a first aid course that can equip her to deal with more. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一天下午，艾娃开车去幼儿园接4岁儿子回家途中，儿子突然被东西噎住，大家伸出援助之手也没让她儿子好转，这时一位护士的出现，用专业急救手法拯救了她儿子，艾娃感谢护士和帮助的人，并向护士学习正确的急救方法。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一位女士向他们跑来，说她是一名护士，可以帮忙。”可知，第一段可描写护士用专业急救手法拯救了艾娃的儿子，艾娃感谢护士和帮助的人。 ②由第二段首句内容“那天，艾娃意识到急救的重要性。”可知，第二段可描写艾娃向护士学习正确的急救方法并在网上发布自己的经历，提醒更多人注意急救。 2.续写线索：护士出现——护士用专业急救手法拯救了艾娃的儿子——艾娃感激——艾娃意识到急救的重要性——艾娃向护士学习正确的急救方法——艾娃参加一个急救课程 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①表达：express/convey ②注意：pay attention to/take notice of ③参加：attend/take part in 情绪类 ①哭泣：cry/sob/weep ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1]. And Noah cried, showing he could breathe, which made all the people smile with relief. (运用了现在分词作状语，省略that的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]. Now she is attending a first aid course that can equip her to deal with more. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 听力1-5 BCACA 6-10 CCBBA 11-15 BCABB 16-20 AAACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语试题 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a café. B. In a store. C. In a kitchen. 2. What may cause the man trouble? A. Missing a class. B. Having dinner outside. C. Getting back home too late. 3. Why does the man come to talk to the woman? A. To seek advice. B. To offer information. C. To give support. 4. How does the woman keep fit now? A. By going climbing. B. By playing basketball. C. By working out at a gym. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. TV ads. B. TV series. C. TV stations. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6 段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Close friends. B. Shopkeeper and cashier. C. Salesperson and customer. 7. What is the man going to do with the blouse? A. Return it. B. Exchange it. C. Pay for it. 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How long is the movie? A. Two hours. B. Three hours. C. Four hours. 9. What is the man going to do today? A. Go for a cycle ride. B. Work on his school paper. C. Finish watching the movie. 请听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What does the man do? A. A host. B. A doctor. C. An artist. 11. What is Alice's unusual ability? A. Imagining colors of words. B. Connecting colors with words. C. Distinguishing words for colors. 12. What do we know about Alice and her brother? A. They can't recognize colors correctly. B. They feel alike about different colors. C. They were born with the same condition. 13. How does Alice sound in the end? A. Optimistic. B. Depressed. C. Confused. 请听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How will the man deal with his video games? A. Sell them cheaply. B. Remove them all. C. Share them online. 15. What does the man think of playing video games? A. It makes some sense. B. It is a waste of time. C. It is a basic skill. 16. Why is the woman interested in playing video games? A. It can make her feel relaxed. B. She wants to be a skilled gamer. C. It is a good means of killing time. 17. What do studies show about video games? A. They can be beneficial. B. They are popular with doctors. C. They have a bad influence on students. 请听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did Jin Schofield share with her friend? A. Her idea of creating a device. B. Her knowledge of sign language. C. Her experience of working as a volunteer. 19. How did Jin Schofield and her friend start their work? A. They worked with local professors. B. They communicated in sign language daily. C. They attended a two-month machine learning course. 20. When did Jin Schofield and her friend win $10, 000? A. In 2019. B. In 2020. C. In 2021. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。 A RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, for young people. Created by St John Ambulance, the nation’s leading first-aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country. If you’re aged between 16 and 25 years old, and are not in employment, education or training, RISE could help you learn new skills and improve your prospects. What you’ll learn St John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid, and we are devoted to equipping as many people as possible with the skills to be the difference between life and death. As a participant (参加者) you’ll learn first aid through our Stick-it, and also get the opportunity to develop new skills, which will give you the confidence to train others in your community, or the qualifications in youth lendership you need to get your career up and running. Choosing the right path for you At the heart of the RISE project is a commitment to peer-to-peer learning. As well as being taught first aid, you’ll be given the skills and guidance to pass your knowledge onto other people in your community. RISE offers you the chance to gain a range of qualifications (资格) and to choose a path that helps you make the most of your talents. Stick-it: Our one-day introduction to first aid focuses on knife related injuries. You’ll find out how to manage an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first-aid skills. First aid: You’ll focus on CPR and dealing with an emergency situation on this six-hour course. Keeping children safe: A course designed for those who come into contact with children through their work or leisure activities. This short programme works by helping individuals to understand the unusual role they play in keeping children safe from harm. Essential skills in youth work: This course provides an introduction to St John Ambulance and is the minimum qualification for a youth leadership role within the organisation. 1. What do we know about RISE? A. It was set up by St John. B. It offers first-aid training. C. It teaches the youth promotion tips. D. It is funded by communities. 2. Which of the following courses deals with a serious finger cut? A. Stick-it. B. First aid. C. Keeping children safe. D. Essential skills in youth work. 3. What is the text mainly about? A. Tips on first-aid training. B A guidance on how to give first aid. C. Advantages of taking first-aid courses. D. An introduction to some first-aid courses. B A friend recently showed me her planned trip to Italy. Over cups of tea, she laid out the trip in military order-the Colosseum, Pompeii, Venice…By the time she was done I was exhausted, and 1 hadn’t even set foot outside the house. My way of travelling is different. I just pick a destination and then go there, leaving things to chance. This may not be for everybody, but leaping into the unknown, for me, has been great. Take Greenland, for example: 1 found myself in a tiny village of just 40 people, with no place to stay. The locals welcomed me warmly, and I enjoyed a delightful supper with an Inuit family, completed with fantastic stories never found in guidebooks. A few years back, driving through Iceland, I noticed an older woman sitting at a picnic table by a waterfall. I approached her, and asked if I could sit with her. She turned out to be a source of knowledge about the area, which we had all to ourselves, without a tourist in sight. Wandering in Trinidad, I got on a coastal ship. On the way, a young woman talked to me and gave me a tip for a visit to a hidden local restaurant with delicious and affordable food. There, I enjoyed the meal surrounded by the relaxing local music. As a teacher, I encourage my students to travel．Most of them have never gone outside; others even never left their hometown. In many cases, they express a sense of fear, of going someplace where they won’t know anybody. I try to remove their anxieties by sharing my own travel experiences, and the message that there are good people everywhere, and friendships are waiting to be started. I once read a piece about regrets that people expressed later in their lives. One that struck me was, “I wish I had taken more chances.” Setting off little planning does mean taking a risk, but for me, it is rewarding. 4. Why did the author mention her friend’s travel plan? A To recommend some best spots in Italy. B. To express her unconcern of friend’s plan. C. To introduce her different way of traveling. D. To show her tiredness of making travel plans. 5. What can you learn from the author’s travel experiences? A. She visited a village with large population in Greenland. B. She learnt fascinating stories about Inuit from guidebooks. C. She saw the waterfall advised by an old woman in Iceland. D. She enjoyed a meal in a local hidden restaurant in Trinidad. 6. What mainly stops the author’s students from traveling? A. Their lack of money. B. Their fear of unfamiliar places. C. Their dislike of travelling abroad. D. Their inability to leave hometown. 7. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Friendships Start in Trips B. A Man is Rewarded with Plans C. Travels Unprepared Bring Surprise D. Chances Favor the Focused Minds C “One day I went to a Swedish friend’s and while we were playing in his room, his mom yelled that dinner was ready. And check this. He told me to WAIT in his room while they ate!” an Internet user shared on a media platform. Consequently, there was a lot of criticism of the Swedes. Many said they wouldn’t dream of being so mean in their culture. Would a host in Sweden really not invite a guest to join their meal if it’s dinnertime? It does happen, says Richard Tellstrom, a food historian at Stockholm University. He says this so-called “non-hospitality” was customary when he was a kid in the ‘60s and ‘70s. If he was over a friend’s house and it was time for dinner, he would go back to his own house to eat. Or he would stay and wait in another room while his friend finished his meal. Then they’d continue playing. “Some Swedes think feeding a guest creates a sense of duty.” explains Tellstrom. “And in a society that values equality and independence, people don’t want to put a burden on someone or feel like they owe someone something.” However, it wasn’t a universal rule. Families in the countryside, for example, were more likely to feed guests. People lived farther apart, so it wasn’t as easy for people to go home and eat. The “no dinner for you” policy has slowly faded, says Tellstrom. “Since the 1990s, food has become a new symbol in society. We have open kitchens. People like to dine there and show off their cooking.” But non-sharing hosts haven’t entirely disappeared, says Mohini Mehta, a food scholar. She admits she had a tough time adjusting to life in Sweden when she moved there in 2020. She was used to cooking dine every day for friends and hosting dinner parties almost weekly in India. She learned that in some cultures, like her own, sharing a meal with someone is a way to break the ice—but this isn’t always the case for Swedes. 8. For what purpose is Paragraph 1 is written? A. To introduce the topic meal-sharing. B. To release the netizen’s bad feelings. C. To offer a platform to generate ideas. D. To compare some foreign food cultures. 9. What does “customary” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Particular. B. Optional. C. Normal. D. Unreasonable. 10. Why do some hosts choose non-hospitality according to Tellstrom? A. Because food represents a symbol of social status. B. Because they don’t want to show off their cooking. C. Because it is wildly acknowledged across the country. D. Because their culture values equality and independence. 11. How is the text developed? A. By giving examples. B. By analyzing reasons. C. By providing statistics. D. By making comparisons. D To create is human. For the past 300,000 years, we’ve been unique in our ability to make art, cuisine, and societies to imagine and create something new where there was nothing before. Now we have company. While you’re reading this sentence, generative artificial intelligence programs are responding to emails, preparing tax returns, and providing health advice. Artificial intelligence has already had a wide impact on our lives. AIs have been used to price medicine and houses, assemble (组装) cars, determine what ads we see on social media. But generative AI, which can create wholly novel content, is much newer. Supporters believe this is just the beginning, that generative AI will change the way we work and engage with the world, unlock creativity and scientific discoveries, and allow human beings to achieve previously unimaginable goals. This shift marks the most important technological breakthrough since social media. Generative AI tools have been adopted greedily in recent months by the public, thanks to programs like ChatGPT, which responds to virtually any question, and Dall-E, which allows you to produce any image you dream up. In January, ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users. This craze caught off guard many tech companies and has stimulated an intense race in Silicon Valley. In weeks, Microsoft and Google have shifted their entire corporate strategies to seize control of what they believe profitable. Microsoft is investing $10 billion in Open AI, creator of ChatGPT and Dall-E, and announced plans to integrate generative AI into its Office software and search engine. Google declared a “code red” corporate emergency in response to the success of ChatGPT and rushed its own search-oriented chatbot to market. But this gold rush could also prove disastrous. In a winner-takes-all battle for power, these companies risk repeating past mistakes, such as prioritizing growth over safety. While there are many potentially good aspects of these new technologies, even tools designed for good can have unforeseen I and ruinous consequences. This is the story of how the gold rush began—and what history tells us about what could happen next. 12. Which of the following is the particular function of generative AI? A. Price goods. B. Build vehicles. C. Decide ads on social media. D. Offer health suggestions. 13. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The functions of generative AI. B. The programs of generative AI. C. People’s interest in generative AI. D. Companies’ investment in generative AI. 14. What does Microsoft plan to do? A. Shift its focus to Office software. B. Invest in another generative AI start-up. C. Integrate its search engine into Office software. D. Combine generative AI with its existing products. 15. Why does the author mention the gold rush in the last paragraph? A. To emphasise the importance of history. B. To advocate the use of new technologies. C. To put off the development of generative AI. D. To warn of the potential danger of generative AI. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，共12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Travelling abroad can present many challenges, including long journeys, language problems, and culture shocks, plus the expense of transport and accommodation. ____16____ It is rewarding to get to experience life in different ways. One of the wonderful benefits of going abroad is that you can learn history and culture without real effort. There’s a natural tendency to absorb other cultures and pick up historical concepts, while enjoying yourself at the same time. ____17____ Another great benefit is that living in a foreign culture is the only real way to fully understand its language. ___18___ Even if you’re a complete beginner and only manage to pick up a few key phrases of the local language, you still know more than when you arrive. ____19____ People in other countries can demonstrate different ways of doing things and alternative ways of being. It can open up your mind and generate new ideas. A direct encounter with a fresh expression of arts, religions, architecture, and food can contribute to an enlightening and valuable experience. Removing yourself from the familiar and travelling to a new country can be a very powerful tool for gaining self-awareness and deeper understanding. ____20____ It can help you shift how you see yourself. Perhaps ironically, visiting a foreign country can also teach you things about your homeland. You get to view your land of birth from another perspective and have something to compare it with. A. It’s far superior to learning it in a classroom. B. The new land gives you a fresh social environment. C. The direct experience helps you remember something easily. D. Many people wonder what they should do in a foreign country. E. Travelling abroad can also boost creativity and drive innovation. F. Another benefit of travelling abroad is the relaxation you can get. G. However, there’s rarely a dull moment when you’ re in a different country. 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 2011, Adam Riess was my freshman roommate at MIT. Now he won the Noel Prize in Physics for using the Hubble Space Telescope. While looking at light given off from a distant star, Riess ____21____ that contrary (相反的) to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down, it was actually ____22____. Riess said that when he first saw the data, he thought it was a(n) ____23____since it didn’t match the existing model. But with ____24____ analyses and observations, he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be ____25____. It’s now a generally ____26____ fact that the universe’s expansion is speeding up, mainly due to a force called “dark energy.” When I met with Riess, we got to talking about his ____27____. I asked how he insisted that he should be right. He said my question ____28____ him of something that Richard Feynman said about science. “It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t ____29____ the experiment, it’s wrong.” Adam Riess continued, “I have always had a strong ______30______in the scientific method—you do an experiment to ______31______a hypothesis (假设) and if the data doesn’t fit and you can ______32______ the data, you must change the hypothesis. This is what makes science different and ______33______ of explaining the natural world.” I think we need to ______34______ the way of doing scientific experiments and believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way to find the ______35______. 21. A. observed B. told C. expected D. imagined 22. A. cracking B. missing C. weakening D. quickening 23. A. excuse B. mistake C. challenge D. difficulty 24. A. reported B. limited C. repeated D. selected 25. A. copied B. destroyed C. protected D. corrected 26. A. shocking B. accepted C. ignored D. promising 27. A. contribution B. concern C. discovery D. curiosity 28. A. reminded B. warned C. informed D. convinced 29. A. end up with B. combine with C. give way to D. agree with 30. A. emotion B. dream C. belief D. suggestion 31. A. create B. test C. change D. finish 32. A. prove B. share C. collect D. improve 33. A. worthy B. sensible C. independent D. capable 34. A. cover B. replace C. value D. discuss 35. A. law B. truth C. standard D. balance 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is much debate as to what makes a healthy diet. For example, scientists ___36___ (insist) for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing evidence ___37___ the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. In America, people who receive 25% of their ___38___ (day) calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease ___39___ people who receive less than 10% a day. Therefore ___40___ is necessary to cut down the ___41___ (food) that contain high amount of sugar. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100 - 150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in ___42___ single candy bar. Finally, there is no trick to healthy eating. Rather, healthy eating starts with ___43___ (have) a healthy attitude towards food. If you are using food ___44___ (most) for nutrition, then you are on the right track with your diet. However, if food has become the centre of your life, you might be on the road to bad health. It is up to you ____45____ (decide) . 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友David来信说计划寒假来你所在的城市旅游，想提前向你了解相关信息，请你回信： 1. 表示欢迎； 2. 城市概况； 3. 期望和祝福。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One afternoon, Ava drove to her 4-year-old son’s kindergarten to pick him up. When she arrived, as usual, her son Noah came running and said, “Hi, Mom!” It brought a big smile to Ava’s face. “Did you have a good day, sweetie?” she asked. “Yes,” Noah replied. “Alright, let’s get your things and go home,” Ava said. Noah sat down on one car seat in the back, carrying his school bag which contained books, candies, etc. Then, Ava started the car. “So tell me about the PE class today. Did you have fun?” Ava asked. Noah said he did and explained happily. Ava watched traffic while listening to him. The mother and son were quiet for a couple of minutes. And Ava started to think about what to make for dinner. “How about having some pizza when we get home?” Ava asked Noah. When he didn’t answer, Ava wondered what he was thinking. She knew her son liked pizza, but maybe he wanted something else this time. “You like pizza, don’t you?” Ava asked. Still, Noah didn’t answer. Ava looked over her shoulder, seeing Noah’s face turning red. He couldn’t speak at all. “Oh, my God! What happened?” Ava asked. She had just passed a four-ways top, and there was a wide, grassy shoulder on the road where she pulled off and jumped out of the car, She ran to the other side of the car and freed Noah from the car seat. His face was still bright red and he couldn’t speak, Clearly, he was choking (噎住)! Ava cried out for help and called 911 while pounding her hand against Noah’s back, trying to save her son. But nothing was changing. Suddenly sat all man appeared next to them and took Noah from Ava’s arms. His truck was parked behind them. He held Noah with the boy’s back against his stomach. And, the man thrust (猛推) his hands into Noah’s abdomen (腹部), trying to remove whatever was choking him. Still, nothing happened. Then another family pulled over ahead of them. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Paragraph l: A woman ran towards them, saying she was a nurse and could help. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: That day, Ava realized the importance of first aid. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 BCACA 6-10 CCBBA 11-15 BCABB 16-20 AAACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$