Unit2 Section Ⅱ Using language-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 2 Improving yourself 主题语境：人与自我——不断完善自我认知、提升自我管理能力 Section Ⅱ　 Using language 目录/CONTENTS 突破——语法精讲 专项提能 01 02 探究——要点直击 核心突破 闯关——达标检测 夯基固本 03 突破——语法精讲 专项提能 探 究——要点直击 核心突破 adj．恰当的；合适的→appropriately adv．恰当地；合适地 appropriate 1 adj.替他人着想的；体贴的→consider v．考虑；认为→ consideration n．仔细考虑；深思 considerate 2 v．促进，增进；促销，推销，晋升；提升→promotion n．晋升；推销；促进 promote 3 课下巩固训练（五） to promote economic and social development It was considerate of you to turn off the light had done Worse luck！① First, food and drinking water had been used up before we reached the destination．Then, my husband was speeding up the car when it suddenly broke down．②It turned out that the car had suffered engine failure．So we had to walk ahead along the road until our strength gave out．③We finally arrived at a small hotel, but we found our money had been run out of．We got in touch with our friends to borrow some money．④Then we were provided with a comfortable room and we were told that our car had been sent to the nearest garage．⑤By the time the car was finally repaired, we had been stuck at the hotel for more than three days． 句①，③，④，⑤是过去完成时的 语态，其构成形式为： 。 2．句②是过去完成时的 语态，其构成形式为： 。 被动 had been done 主动 过去完成时的被动语态 一、定义 过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。 The room had been cleaned when we came． 我们来的时候房间已经被打扫干净了。 二、构成 1．肯定结构：主语＋had been done 2．否定结构：主语＋had not been done 3．疑问句结构：“Had＋主语＋been done．．．？”或“疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done？” had been destroyed Had the new plan been discussed ————即学即练1———— 完成句子 ①令我们如释重负的是，在消防队员到达之前，大火已经被扑灭了。 Much to our relief， before the firefighters arrived． ②他说他们发现了一堆被遗留在人行道上的文件。 He said they had found a pile of papers that on the footpath． ③消息传来说李华被北京大学录取了。 Word came that Li Hua to Peking University． ④飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？ How many buildings when the hurricane ended? ⑤在会议开始之前新计划被讨论过吗？ before the meeting began? the fire had been put out had been left out had been admitted 三、基本用法 1．在told, said, knew, thought等动词后的宾语从句中用以表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 They said the production costs had been reduced． 他们说生产成本已经降低了。 2．当before, when, by the time, until等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 By the time Tom got to the golf club，the first period had been finished． 当汤姆到达高尔夫俱乐部时，第一阶段已经结束了。 3．在It was the first/second/．．．time that．．．从句中，主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 It was the second time that his food and personal necessities had been stolen． 这是第二次他的食物和个人生活必需品被偷了。 4．在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 If the new safety system had been put to use, the accident would never have happened． 如果当时投入使用新的安全系统，事故就不会发生。 5．在Hardly/Scarcely had．．．when．．．和No sooner had．．．than．．．句型中，当主句主语是动作的承受者时，主句用过去完成时的被动语态，表示“一……就……”。 Hardly had the front door been opened when we smelled the gas． 一打开前门，我们就闻到了煤气的味道。 had been invented had been chosen ————即学即练2———— 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ①A new agreement (sign) by the time we got there． ②It was the first time that he (punish) by the teacher． ③He asked if Mary (send) to hospital before her parents came back． ④If the AI robot (invent) earlier，the production efficiency would have been improved． ⑤This Monday morning I was informed I (choose) as one of the three exchange students in our college． had been signed had been punished had been sent be appropriate for/to ．．． 对……适合 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(It is appropriate for sb.to ,do sth.,It is appropriate that sb.,（should） do sth.)) eq \a\vs4\al(某人做某事,是恰当的) It is not appropriate that you (should) ask 【练透】　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The book was written in a style appropriate the age of the children． ②If you do feel it is appropriate (meet) someone you talked to online, discuss it with your parents and never meet him alone． ③你在公共场合问这些私人问题是不合适的。 → these private questions in public．(to do不定式) → these private questions in public．(从句) to/for to meet It is not appropriate for you to ask (1)be considerate towards 对……体贴 It is considerate of sb．to do．．． 某人做……真体贴 (2)consider doing．．． 考虑做…… consider sb．/sth．as/to be．．． 认为某人/物是…… (3)take sth．into consideration 考虑到；顾及 so kind and considerate that 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is considerate of you (remind) me constantly to attend the meeting on time． ②Although he is considered (be) a great writer, his works are not widely read． ③I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into (consider)． ④你是如此的善良和体贴，我们希望能与你成为朋友。 You are we hope to be friends with you． to remind to be consideration promote sb．(from sth．) to sth． 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 promote sth．to ．．． 把某物推销给…… get promoted 升职 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She worked hard and was soon promoted from a saleswoman a manager． ②Her (promote) to sales manager took everyone in the company by surprise． ③时间允许的话，我希望有更多的业余时间与朋友在一起，以便于增进我们的友谊。 Time permitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends ． to promotion so that we can promote our friendship had been booked had been occupied Ⅰ．用所给词的适当形式填空(每题1.5分，共12分) 1．The police found that the house (break) into and a lot of things were stolen． 2．If I (invite) earlier, I would have gone there． 3．It was a scene that (repeat) many times in the theater's 75­year history． 4．All the tables by the windows (book) by telephone when I got to the restaurant． 5．I caught the bus at the last second, but all the seats (occupy) so I stood all the way． had been broken had been invited had been repeated has been confirmed By the end of last month, some latest teaching equipment (send)to some high schools in Xizang． 7．It was the first time that a government (approve)a law to preserve the land because of its beauty． 8．It (confirm) that he wasn't the person who stole your cow． Ⅱ．完成句子(每题3分，共15分) 1．推动经济社会发展、改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。 It is the central task of China and improve its people's life．(promote) had been sent had approved 2．你真是太体贴了，在我睡觉的时候帮我关了灯。 while I was sleeping． (considerate) 3．我觉得这种鞋子不适合爬山。 I don't think such kind of shoes ． (appropriate) 4．不要把今天能做的事拖到明天。 what you can do today．(put off) 5．我不会参与——他已经长大，能独自应付了。 I ─ he's old enough to fight his own battles． (involve) is appropriate for mountain climbing Never put off till tomorrow wouldn't get involved Ⅲ．选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文(每题2分，共12分) Once upon a time, there was a wealthy businessman who worried about his child's bad habits．Then a famous wise master 1 (has been recommended, was recommended) by his friend．Determined to help his son, the businessman told the wise master that he 2 (had been bothered, had bothered) by his son's bad habits．The wise master listened attentively and suggested that the businessman bring his son to him the next morning． By the time they arrived, a note 3 (had been left, was left) on the table, asking them to go into the garden．Then the wise master took the boy for a walk in the garden until they came across a small sapling(树苗)．He asked the boy to pull out the sapling and the boy did with ease．Then the master pointed was recommended had been bothered had been left at a small tree and said，“Can you pull out．．．” Before the wise master finished his words, the small tree 4 (had been removed, has been removed) by the boy, though it required more effort．Finally, the wise master asked the boy to pull out an old tree．It was the third time that the boy 5 (had been asked, was asked) by the wise master．Despite his best efforts, the boy was unable to uproot the old tree． Feeling defeated, the boy apologised for his failure．The wise master used this opportunity to teach the boy a valuable lesson．He explained that bad habits are like plants．When they are new, they can be uprooted easily, but if they become strong, they will be difficult to remove, like the old tree．The boy 6 (nodded, was nodded) in agreement．After that, his bad habits never returned． had been removed had been asked nodded Ⅰ．阅读理解(每题4分，共16分) Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not to be selfish．We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged．But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media? “Oversharing”has become associated with social media, but it isn't exclusive to this platform．Imagine you head to a party and meet someone．Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their lives．While some of us may try to escape these people, according to the marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone．But how does this translate to social media? Dr Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学), says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong．It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be． However, Dr Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become—provided that the posts that we bang out are positive．Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online．We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives．It makes sense—if your date is going“that well”， would you really have time to share a photo with text? So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life？They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much． [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了社交媒体上和日常生活中的过度分享现象。 1．What does the underlined word “exclusive” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Unique． B．Similar． C．Relevant． D．Fundamental． 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词后面的内容可知，下文举例说明在派对上也存在“过度分享”，所以过度分享并不是社交媒体这个平台所独有的。所以画线词和unique意思相近。 2．Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties? A．To draw others' attention． B．To satisfy others' curiosity． C．To remove negative feelings． D．To develop good relationships． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While some of us may try to escape these people．．．to connect with someone．”可知，有些人喜欢在聚会上过度分享是为了建立良好的关系。 3．Which of the following may Dr Hand agree with? A．Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy． B．Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help． C．Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive． D．Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong． 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，分享负面帖子并不能帮助一个人在社交上变得有吸引力，汉德博士可能会同意这个观点。 4．According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing? A．Reflecting on past bad manners． B．Showing a great many expensive goods． C．Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast． D．Recording unforgettable moments with friends． 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even back in 2015．．．especially about our love lives．”可知，在社交媒体发布内容时，我们应该避免抱怨、消极和炫耀。由此可知，B项(展示许多昂贵的商品)属于炫耀，应该避免。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每题2分，共30分) Earlier this year the phone companies stopped supporting the software for my old 3G phone．So like the rest of the modern world, I was 1 to buy a new smartphone．I didn't use it much at first, only to get a 2 from my daughter or to play a game or two．Soon, however, I found it far 3 to surf the web or check out e­mails on the smartphone than my computer．Even with my limited time, I 4 found myself spending more and more of it on this phone．It happened almost without me 5 it． Yesterday I was on it, 6 the sea of stories, posts, news, and videos．Then suddenly a long, white, 7 nose pushed its way between me and my 8 ．I started to push it away but that only got me a lick (舔) from my chin to my glasses． 9 ， I put the phone down, took my glasses off and 10 my dog．Soon we were hugging, running around, and playing down the hallways of my home．And I 11 something too．There was a feeling in my heart: a 12 mixture of love, laughter, and joy．It was a(n) 13 that I hadn't gotten once during all that time I had spent on my phone． Technology is here to stay．But we shouldn't let it 14 us．We should use it only when it 15 us to do the important things like loving each other, being closer to our family, or making this world a better place． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己买了新的智能手机后，发现自己不知不觉上瘾了。狗的介入提醒了作者，使作者意识到：不应该让科技控制我们，而应该让科技帮助我们使生活更美好。 1．A．annoyed B．removed C．forced D．surprised 解析：选C。句意：所以，和现代世界的其他人一样，我被迫买了一部新的智能手机。annoyed恼怒的；removed被去掉的；forced被迫的，勉强的；surprised惊讶的。根据前文“the phone companies stopped supporting the software for my old 3G phone”可知，作者不得不买了一部新的智能手机。 2．A．call B．punishment C．score D．label 解析：选A。句意：一开始我并没有经常使用它，只是为了接到女儿的电话或玩一两个游戏。call通话，电话；punishment惩罚；score分数；label标签。根据前文a new smartphone并结合常识可知，作者是用手机和女儿通话。 3．A．tougher B．easier C．dearer D．clearer 解析：选B。句意：然而，很快我就发现用智能手机上网或查看电子邮件比用电脑要容易得多。tougher更硬的，更艰难的；easier更容易的；dearer更为珍视的；clearer更清晰的。根据常识和后文“I 4 found myself spending more and more of it on this phone”可推断，作者发现用智能手机上网比用电脑更容易。 4．A．hardly B．occasionally C．sincerely D．quickly 解析：选D。句意：尽管时间有限，但我很快发现自己花在这个手机上的时间越来越多。hardly几乎不；occasionally偶然地；sincerely诚恳地；quickly迅速地。根据语境和后文“found myself spending more and more of it on this phone”并结合选项可知，作者很快就发现自己在手机上花越来越多的时间。 5．A．admitting B．removing C．realizing D．valuing 解析：选C。句意：这件事发生的时候我几乎没有意识到。admitting承认；removing去掉；realizing意识到；valuing重视。根据语境和前文“I 4 found myself spending more and more of it on this phone”可知，作者不知不觉就对手机上瘾了。 6．A．looking through B．giving away C．dropping out D．making up 解析：选A。句意：昨天我还在手机上浏览着大量的故事、帖子、新闻和视频。looking through浏览；giving away泄露；dropping out退出；making up弥补。根据后文“the sea of stories, posts, news, and videos”可知，作者用手机浏览各种内容。 7．A．bleeding B．injured C．running D．curious 解析：选D。句意：突然，一个长长的、白色的、好奇的鼻子挤到了我和我的智能手机之间。bleeding流血的；injured受伤的；running奔跑的，流动的；curious好奇的。根据语境和后文“pushed its way between me and my 8 ”以及“ 10 my dog”并结合选项可知，狗挤到作者这里来，应该是因为好奇。 8．A．computer B．smartphone C．seat D．room 解析：选B。句意：突然，一个长长的、白色的、好奇的鼻子挤到了我和我的智能手机之间。computer计算机；smartphone智能手机；seat座位；room房间。根据语境和前文“I 4 found myself spending more and more of it on this phone”可知，狗鼻子挤到作者和智能手机之间。 9．A．Shouting B．Sweeping C．Swinging D．Laughing 解析：选D。句意：我笑着放下手机，摘下眼镜，摸了摸我的狗。Shouting叫喊；Sweeping清扫；Swinging摆动；Laughing大笑。根据语境和前文“only got me a lick(舔) from my chin to my glasses”及后文“I put the phone down, took my glasses off and 10 my dog．”并结合选项可知，作者笑了。 10．A．touched B．drove C．complained D．cleaned 解析：选A。句意：我笑着放下手机，摘下眼镜，摸了摸我的狗。touched触摸；drove驾驶；complained抱怨；cleaned打扫。根据语境和前文“I put the phone down, took my glasses off”及后文my dog可知，作者停下来，摸了摸自己的狗。 11．A．forgot B．regretted C．noticed D．appreciated 解析：选C。句意：我也察觉到了一些事情。forgot忘记；regretted后悔，遗憾；noticed注意到，察觉到；appreciated欣赏。根据语境和后文“There was a feeling in my heart”可知，作者察觉到一些事情。 12．A．meaningless B．wonderful C．unfortunate D．complex 解析：选B。句意：我心里有一种感觉：爱、笑声和喜悦的美妙混合。meaningless无意义的；wonderful精彩的，美妙的；unfortunate不幸的；complex复杂的。根据后文“love, laughter, and joy”可知，作者的感觉是美妙的。 13．A．intention B．topic C．style D．feeling 解析：选D。句意：这是一种我在玩手机的时间里从未有过的感觉。intention意图；topic主题；style样式；feeling感觉。根据前文“There was a feeling in my heart”可知，此处指一种感觉。 14．A．control B．benefit C．reach D．leave 解析：选A。句意：但我们不应该让它控制我们。control控制；benefit使受益；reach到达；leave离开。基于前文的分析可知，作者有了智能手机后，很快发现自己不知不觉上瘾了。根据前文“Technology is here to stay．”可知，作者认为不应该让科技控制我们。 15．A．prevents B．hates C．helps D．trains 解析：选C。句意：只有在它能帮助我们做一些重要的事情时，我们才应该使用它，比如表达爱，与家人更亲密，或者让这个世界变得更美好。prevents阻止；hates憎恨；helps帮助；trains训练。根据语境和前文“We should use it”及后文“to do the important things”可知，只有当它能帮助我们做一些重要的事情时，我们才应该使用它。 Ⅲ．语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) The Internet has changed our lives．Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham，UK，suddenly developed 1 illness and had to quit her job．She found 2 (her) out of work and stuck at home．Later she found she could do almost everything by 3 (surf) the Internet．She also 4 (join) an online group where she could talk about her problems and get advice from others．She realised that one of the greatest 5 (benefit) of the Internet was that it could remove the distance between people．6 (inspire) by the people she met online，she started an IT club and helped people 7 need．With the help of the club, the 61­year­old woman 8 was living alone has started a small online company with two friends．She no longer feels lonely，and her company has become quite 9 (success)． Jan believes that it is 10 (high) important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone has access to the Internet．Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国一名教师Jan Tchamani辞职在家时，意识到互联网最大的好处之一是它可以消除人与人之间的距离，于是成立了IT俱乐部，以帮助有需要的人。 1．解析：an。考查冠词。illness在此处为可数名词，表泛指，应用不定冠词，且illness的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 2．解析：herself。考查代词。此处作宾语，指“她自己”，应用反身代词。故填herself。 3．解析：surfing。考查非谓语动词。作介词by的宾语，surf应用动词­ing形式。故填surfing。 4．解析：joined。考查动词的时态。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填joined。 5．解析：benefits。考查名词的单复数。benefit为可数名词，此处为“one of＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”结构。故填benefits。 6．解析：Inspired。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，inspire在句中与其逻辑主语she之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Inspired。 7．解析：in。考查介词。短语in need表示“有需要的”。故填in。 8．解析：who/that。考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词woman，先行词在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。 9．解析：successful。考查形容词。空处作表语，应用形容词。故填successful。 10．解析：highly。考查副词。修饰形容词important应用副词，表示“非常”。故填highly。 $$