Unit 2 Travelling Grammar练习 2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级下册英语

译林版八下英语Unit 2 Grammar现在完成时练习 一、词汇过关 根据句意或中文提示，写出句中所缺单词。 1. The children are playing games on the _______（沙滩）happily. 2. It's about five _______（千米）from my school to the park. 3. The meeting will be _______（结束）at 5 p.m. Don't be late. 4. We all felt sad when we heard the news of his _______（死）. 5. —May I _______（借）your bike? Mine is broken. —Sure, but you can _______（借）it for only two days. 6. The movie has been _______（开始）for 20 minutes. Let's watch the next one. 二、语法入门 A.用方框中所给词组的适当形式填空。 have been (to) have gone (to) have been (in) 1. —Where is your father? —He___________Shanghai on business. He'll be back next week. 2. —How many times_______you_______Beijing? —Three times. It's a great city. 3. —_______you_______the new library yet? —Yes. I went there last week. It's really nice. 4. —How long_______your family_______this town? —For about ten years. 5. —Where are your classmates? —They____________the zoo. They want to see the pandas. 6. —_______you ever_______a foreign country? —Yes, I have been to the USA. B.选择填空。 ( )1. —Look at my new mobile phone. I_____it for a month. A. bought B. have bought C. have had D. had ( )2. My grandparents_____for over 50 years. They love each other very much. A. got married B. have married C. have been married D. married ( )3. My brother has studied French_____. A. since five years B. for five years ago C. five years ago D. for five years ( )4. He_____the club for two months. He really enjoys the activities there. A. has joined B. has taken part in C. has been a member of D. has entered ( )5. The old man_____for two hours. Let's not wake him up. A. has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. has gone to bed D. has gone to sleep ( )6. I have known her_____I came to this school. A. for B. since C. when D. after ( )7. Mr Smith has already finished the work, _____he? A. hasn't B. has C. isn't D. is ( )8. We_____a lot of places of interest since we_____to this city. A. visited; came B. have visited; came C. have visited; have come D. visited; have come C.句型转换。 1. My father has worked in this factory since 2010. (对划线部分提问) __________your father_____in this factory? 2. The concert began half an hour ago. (同义句转换) The concert_____half an hour ago. 3. Tom joined the football team last month. (同义句转换) Tom_____the football team_____about a month. 4. The dog has been dead for three days. (同义句转换) The dog__________three days. 5. Lily went to Hangzhou in 2018 and 2020. (同义句转换) Lily__________Hangzhou twice. 三、根据中文完成句子 1. 别担心，他回家已经三天了。 Don't worry. He__________since three days ago. 2. 我将离开家乡两个月。 I will__________my hometown for two months. 3. 我妈妈去市场了。她去那儿一个小时了。 My mother__________the market. She__________for one hour. 4. ——你哥哥去过上海几次？ ——只有两次。 — __________your brother__________Shanghai? —Only twice. 5. 你的自行车买了多长时间了？ How long__________your bike? 6. 商店关门半小时了。 The shop__________for half an hour. 7. 这本书你只能借一个星期。 You can only__________for a week. 8. ——演讲开始了吗？ ——是的，开始了十分钟了。 —_____the speech__________？ —Yes. It__________for ten minutes. 9. ——你的新电脑是什么时候买的？ ——哦，我买了三个月了。 —When__________the new computer? —Well, I__________it for three months. 四、选用for或since填空 1. They have lived in this city __________ 2005. 2. My brother has played the piano ___________ five years. 3. Has your sister studied French ___________ about three years? 4. —How long haven't you seen your old friend? —_______ last month. 5. It's ten years __________ I last met my primary school teacher. 6. I have had this bike _________ I was ten years old. 7. It has been two months _________ the students started this project. 8. —How long have you had this pet dog? — _________ a week. 五、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My mother ___________ (cook) a delicious meal already. We can start eating. 2. — _________ you _______ (be) to the new park yet? —Not yet. 3. —I _________ (not finish) my homework since this morning. What should I do? —Don't worry. You still have time. 4. So far, we _____________ (visit) many famous places in our city. 5. Miss Li ______________ (teach) English here for 8 years. 6. I ___________ (live) here since I __________ (come) here in 2015. 7. Hurry up! The train ________ just ___________ (leave). 8. Great changes ________________ (take place) in my hometown over the past few years. 9. It is _________ (help) for us to read English aloud every day. 10. My hometown _________ (be) a small village, but now it __________ (develop) into a modern town. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 一、词汇过关 1. 答案：beach - 解析：“沙滩”常见表达为“beach”，这里孩子们在沙滩上玩游戏，用单数形式即可。 2. 答案：kilometres - 解析：“千米”的英文是“kilometre”，前面有“five”修饰，要用复数形式“kilometres” 。 3. 答案：over - 解析：“be over”是固定短语，意为“结束”，这里表示会议下午5点结束。 4. 答案：death - 解析：“死”在这里作“his”的宾语，需要用名词形式“death” 。“die”是动词，“dead”是形容词，均不符合此处语法要求。 5. 答案：borrow; keep - 解析：第一空，“借（入）”用“borrow”，“May I borrow...”表示请求借用；第二空，“for only two days”表示时间段，“borrow”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，要转化为延续性动词“keep” 。 6. 答案：on - 解析：“be on”可以表示电影、演出等“开始”，且能与时间段连用，“The movie has been on for 20 minutes.”表示电影已经开始20分钟了 。“begin”和“start”是短暂性动词，不能这样用。 二、语法入门 A.用方框中所给词组的适当形式填空 1. 答案：has gone to - 解析：根据“He'll be back next week.”可知，爸爸去上海还没回来，“have gone to”表示“去了某地（还未回来）”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，所以用“has gone to”。 2. 答案：have; been to - 解析：“How many times”询问次数，“have been to”表示“去过某地（已回来）”，主语是“you”，所以用“have; been to” 。 3. 答案：Have; been to - 解析：“yet”常用于现在完成时的疑问句中，“have been to”表示去过某地，这里问是否去过新图书馆，主语是“you”，所以用“Have; been to” 。 4. 答案：has; been in - 解析：“How long”询问多长时间，“for about ten years”表示时间段，“have been in”表示“在某地待了多长时间”，主语“your family”看作一个整体，视为单数，所以用“has; been in” 。 5. 答案：have gone to - 解析：同学们去动物园看熊猫，现在不在说话地点，“have gone to”表示去了某地还未回来，主语“They”是复数，所以用“have gone to” 。 6. 答案：Have; been to - 解析：“ever”常用于现在完成时的疑问句中，询问是否去过外国，“have been to”表示去过某地，主语是“you”，所以用“Have; been to” 。 B.选择填空 1. 答案：C - 解析：“for a month”表示时间段，“buy”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，要转化为延续性动词“have”，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语是“I”，所以用“have had” 。 2. 答案：C - 解析：“for over 50 years”表示时间段，“get married”是短暂性动词短语，不能和时间段连用，“be married”表示结婚的状态，可以和时间段连用，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“My grandparents”是复数，所以用“have been married” 。 3. 答案：D - 解析：“since”后接时间点，“for”后接时间段，“five years”是时间段，所以用“for five years” 。“since five years”表达错误；“for five years ago”表达错误；“five years ago”用于一般过去时。 4. 答案：C - 解析：“for two months”表示时间段，“join”“take part in”“enter”都是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，“be a member of”表示“成为……的一员”，是延续性的，可以和时间段连用，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语是“He”，所以用“has been a member of” 。 5. 答案：B - 解析：“for two hours”表示时间段，“fall asleep”“go to bed”“go to sleep”都是短暂性动词短语，不能和时间段连用，“be asleep”表示睡着的状态，可以和时间段连用，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语是“The old man”，所以用“has been asleep” 。 6. 答案：B - 解析：“I came to this school”是时间点，“since”后接时间点，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，所以选“since” 。“for”后接时间段；“when”表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，主从句时态根据具体情况而定；“after”表示“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句，主从句时态也根据具体情况而定。 7. 答案：A - 解析：“Mr Smith has already finished the work”是现在完成时的肯定句，反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否”原则，助动词是“has”，所以反意疑问句部分用“hasn't he” 。 8. 答案：B - 解析：“since”引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。“came”是“come”的一般过去式，“have visited”是“visit”的现在完成时形式，所以选B。 C.句型转换 1. 答案：How long has; worked - 解析：对“since 2010”（表示时间段）提问，用“How long”，现在完成时的特殊疑问句结构为“How long + have/has +主语+过去分词”，主语“My father”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”，“work”的过去分词是“worked” 。 2. 答案：has been on since - 解析：“began”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，“be on”表示“上演；进行”，可以和时间段连用，“since half an hour ago”表示“自从半小时前”，所以转换为“The concert has been on since half an hour ago.” 。 3. 答案：has been in; for - 解析：“joined”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，“be in”表示“在……里；加入”，可以和时间段连用，“for about a month”表示“大约一个月”，所以转换为“Tom has been in the football team for about a month.” 。 4. 答案：died; ago - 解析：“has been dead for three days”表示“已经死了三天了”，可以转换为一般过去时的句子“The dog died three days ago.” 。 5. 答案：has been to - 解析：“went to Hangzhou in 2018 and 2020”表示去过杭州两次，“have been to”表示“去过某地（已回来）”，主语“Lily”是第三人称单数，所以用“has been to” 。 三、根据中文完成句子 1. 答案：has been home - 解析：“since three days ago”表示“自从三天前”，是现在完成时的时间状语，“回家”用“be home”，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，所以用“has been home” 。 2. 答案：be away from - 解析：“离开家乡”用“be away from my hometown”，“will”后接动词原形，所以用“be away from” 。“leave”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段“for two months”连用。 3. 答案：has gone to; has been there - 解析：第一空，“去了市场”用“has gone to the market”，表示去了还没回来；第二空，“for one hour”表示时间段，“去了某地（在那里待了一段时间）”用“have been there”，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以用“has been there” 。 4. 答案：How many times has; been to - 解析：询问去过某地的次数用“How many times”，“去过上海”用“have been to Shanghai”，主语“your brother”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has” 。 5. 答案：have you had - 解析：“买”用“buy”，但“buy”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段“How long”连用，要转化为延续性动词“have”，现在完成时的特殊疑问句结构为“How long + have/has +主语+过去分词”，主语是“you”，所以用“have you had” 。 6. 答案：has been closed - 解析：“关门”用“close”，但“close”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段“for half an hour”连用，要转化为延续性动词短语“be closed”，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“The shop”是第三人称单数，所以用“has been closed” 。 7. 答案：keep the book - 解析：“借”用“borrow”，但“borrow”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段“for a week”连用，要转化为延续性动词“keep”，“can”后接动词原形，所以用“keep the book” 。 8. 答案：Has; begun; has been on - 解析：第一空，“演讲开始了吗”用现在完成时的一般疑问句“Has the speech begun”；第二空，“for ten minutes”表示时间段，“begin”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，要转化为“be on”，所以用“has been on” 。 9. 答案：did you buy; have had - 解析：第一空，询问“什么时候买的”，用一般过去时的特殊疑问句“when did you buy”；第二空，“for three months”表示时间段，“buy”是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，要转化为延续性动词“have”，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语是“I”，所以用“have had” 。 四、选用for或since填空 1. 答案：since - 解析：“2005”是时间点，“since”后接时间点，表示“自从……以来”，用于现在完成时。 2. 答案：for - 解析：“five years”是时间段，“for”后接时间段，表示动作持续的时间长度。 3. 答案：for - 解析：“about three years”是时间段，“for”后接时间段，所以用“for” 。 4. 答案：Since - 解析：“last month”是时间点，“since”后接时间点，引导现在完成时的时间状语，所以用“Since” 。 5. 答案：since - 解析：“I last met my primary school teacher”是时间点，“since”后接时间点，用于现在完成时，“It's +时间段+ since...”表示“自从……以来已经多长时间了” 。 6. 答案：since - 解析：“I was ten years old”是时间点，“since”后接时间点，引导现在完成时的时间状语，所以用“since” 。 7. 答案：since - 解析：“the students started this project”是时间点，“since”后接时间点，用于现在完成时，所以用“since” 。 8. 答案：For - 解析：“a week”是时间段，“for”后接时间段，所以用“For” 。 五、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. 答案：has cooked - 解析：“already”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“My mother”是第三人称单数，“cook”的过去分词是“cooked”，所以用“has cooked” 。 2. 答案：Have; been - 解析：“yet”常用于现在完成时的疑问句中，现在完成时的一般疑问句结构为“Have/Has +主语+过去分词”，主语是“you”，“be”的过去分词是“been”，所以用“Have; been” 。 3. 答案：haven't finished - 解析：“since this morning”是现在完成时的时间状语，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语是“I”，否定形式在“have”后加“not”，“finish”的过去分词是“finished”，所以用“haven't finished” 。 4. 答案：have visited - 解析：“So far”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语是“we”，“visit”的过去分词是“visited”，所以用“have visited” 。 5. 答案：has taught - 解析：“for 8 years”是时间段，用于现在完成时，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“Miss Li”是第三人称单数，“teach”的过去分词是“taught”，所以用“has taught” 。 6. 答案：have lived; came - 解析：“since”引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。“come”的一般过去式是“came”，“live”的现在完成时形式，主语是“I”，用“have lived” 。 7. 答案：has; left - 解析：“just”常用于现在完成时，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“The train”是第三人称单数，“leave”的过去分词是“left”，所以用“has; left” 。 8. 答案：have taken place - 解析：“over the past few years”是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，“take place”表示“发生”，没有被动语态，主语“Great changes”是复数，“take”的过去分词是“taken”，所以用“have taken place” 。 9. 答案：helpful - 解析：“It is +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，“help”的形容词形式是“helpful”，所以用“helpful” 。 10. 答案：was; has developed - 解析：第一空，根据“but now”可知，前半句说的是过去的情况，用一般过去时，“be”的过去式，主语“My hometown”是单数，用“was”；第二空，“now”表示现在，强调家乡从过去到现在的变化，用现在完成时，现在完成时结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“My hometown”是第三人称单数，“develop”的过去分词是“developed”，所以用“has developed” 。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$