Unit 2 No rules,No order Pronunciation（重难知识导学&精练）-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（人教版2024）

Unit 2 No rules,No order Pronunciation 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 主题内容： 1. 规范自身行为，适应学校生活 2. 遵守学校规则，维护校园秩序 1. 掌握重点单词：rule（规则）、pencil box（铅笔盒）、locker（储物柜）、snack（零食）、mobile phone（手机）等。 2. 掌握句型：We can't/mustn't + 动词原形，表示禁止做某事；We have to + 动词原形，表示必须做某事；Can we...?的一般疑问句及回答。 3. 学会运用相关词汇和句型谈论学校规则，能理解并遵守学校的各项规定。 1、 重点单词。 1. _____________：n. 规则；规章 2. _____________：铅笔盒 3. _____________：n. 储物柜 4. _____________：n. 零食 5. _____________：手机 6. _____________：v. 借给；借出 7. _____________：v. 回答；接（电话） 8. _____________：adj. 重读的；受压的 9. _____________：n. 宠物 10. _____________：adj. 准备好的 二、重点短语。 1. ___________________________________：找到某物 2. ___________________________________：借给某人某物 3. ___________________________________：吃零食 4. ___________________________________：喝水 5. ___________________________________：把某物带到…… 6. ___________________________________：关掉（电器等） 7. ___________________________________：把某物放在……里面 8. ___________________________________：遵守规则 9. ___________________________________：按时 10. ___________________________________：上课迟到 11. ___________________________________：保持某物干净整洁 12. ___________________________________：举手 13.___________________________________：走路，不要跑 14. ___________________________________：玩得开心 15.___________________________________：注意 三、重点句型。 1. 我们不能在课堂上吃零食。 We ______ eat snacks ______ ______. 2. 我们禁止把手机带到课堂上。 We ______ ______ our mobile phones ______ class. 3. 我们不得不关掉手机并把它们放在储物柜里。 We ______ ______ turn them off and ______ them in our lockers. 4. 这是汤姆在这所学校的第一天。 It's Tom's ______ day ______ this school. 5. 安妮借给汤姆一支笔。 Anne ______ a pen ______ Tom. 6. 为什么安妮不接受汤姆的糖果？ ______ ______ Anne ______ a sweet from Tom? 7. 汤姆和安妮在课堂上能用手机吗？ ______ Tom and Anne ______ their phones in class? 8. 他们必须把手机放在哪里？ ______ ______ they ______ their phones? 9. 我们可以喝水。 We ______ ______ water. 10. 不要在走廊里跑。 ______ ______ in the hallways. 11. 我们应该按时到校。 We ______ arrive at school ______ ______. 12. 我们必须尊重老师。 We ______ ______ our teachers. 13. 你不能在图书馆里大声喧哗。 You ______ make ______ in the library. 14. 我们不得不每天穿校服。 We ______ ______ wear the school uniform every day. 15. 总是要保持教室干净整洁。 ______ keep the classroom ______ and ______. ►:重难点1：情态动词can't、mustn't和have to的用法 【探索】 can't表示“不能”，通常用于表示能力上的限制或规定上的不允许；mustn't表示“禁止”，语气更为强烈，强调绝对不可以做某事；have to表示“不得不，必须”，强调由于客观情况或规定而必须做某事。 “We can't eat snacks in class.”（我们不能在课堂上吃零食，规定不允许） “We mustn't bring our mobile phones to class.”（我们禁止把手机带到课堂上，语气强烈的禁止） “We have to turn them off and put/keep them in our lockers.”（我们必须关掉手机并放在储物柜里，基于规定的客观要求）。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. You ______ play football on the road. It's very dangerous. A. can't B. mustn't C. have to 2. I'm really busy today, so I ______ stay at home to finish my work. A. can't B. mustn't C. have to 3. He ______ speak French. He only knows a little English. A. can't B. mustn't C. have to 2：用can't、mustn't或have to填空 1. We ______ listen to music in the library. It's too noisy. 2. You ______ be late for the meeting. It's very important. 3. My mother is ill, so I ______ look after her at home. 3：句型转换 1. We mustn't smoke in the hospital.（改为同义句） We ______ smoke in the hospital. 2. I have to clean my room today.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ ______ clean my room today. 3. He can't drive a car because he is too young.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he drive a car? ►:重难点2：询问和表达学校规则的方式 【探索】 询问学校规则常用Can we...?的句型，回答用Yes, we can.或No, we can't. 表达禁止做某事用We can't/mustn't + 动词原形；表达必须做某事用We have to + 动词原形。例如：“Can we eat fruit in class? No, we can't.”（询问能否在课堂上做某事及否定回答），“We have to wear the school uniform every day.”（表达必须做的事）。通过这些句型的运用，可以准确地交流学校规则相关信息。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. —______ we listen to music in the classroom? —No, we ______. It may disturb others. A. Can; can't B. Must; mustn't C. Do; don't 2. We ______ bring our mobile phones to class. We must turn them off and keep them in lockers. A. can B. can't C. have to 3. Students ______ wear the school uniform on weekdays. It's a school rule. A. can B. must C. have to 2：根据提示完成句子 1. —______ we ______ (eat) snacks in class?（答案：Can；eat） —No, we ______.（答案：can't）We ______ ______ (finish) our homework first.（答案：have to finish） 2. We ______ ______ (mustn't / can't) use our phones in the library. It's not allowed.（答案：mustn't / can't） 3. A: ______ I ______ (borrow) this book?（答案：Can；borrow） B: Yes, you ______.（答案：can） 3：汉译英 1. 我们能在图书馆里交谈吗？不，不能。 _______________________________________________ 2. 我们必须每天按时到校。 _______________________________________________ 3. 你们禁止在走廊里追逐打闹。 _______________________________________________ ►:重难点3：语音学习 - 单词发音及重读音节 【探索】 在英语中，不同的字母组合发音不同。例如，字母组合“e”“ea”“ee”“ear”在不同单词中有不同的发音，像“she”中“e”发/i:/，“bed”中“e”发/e/等。同时，在句子中，有些单词需要重读，重读的单词通常是表达关键意思的实词，如名词、动词、形容词等，像对话中的“rules”“eat”“phones”等。正确掌握单词发音和句子重音，有助于提高听力和口语表达能力。 【基础练】 1：判断下列单词中划线部分发音是否相同，相同写“S”，不同写“D” 1. she - bed 2. please - ready 3. tree - sleep 4. ear - pear 2：根据发音规则，在每组中找出一个与其他发音不同的单词 1. A. he B. pen C. let 2. A. speak B. head C. read 3. A. deer B. bear C. near 基础过关 根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. It's not allowed to eat ______ (snack) in the library. 2. I can't find my ______ (pencil box). Can you help me look for it? 3. Students should ______ (arrive) at school on time. 4. We have to wear the school ______ (uniform) from Monday to Friday. 5. Don't ______ (litter) everywhere. We should keep the environment clean. 6. We should be ______ (polite) to our teachers and classmates. 7. She ______ (lend) her book to me yesterday. 8. You mustn't ______ (use) your mobile phone in class. 9. The wind is ______ (blow) hard. We'd better stay indoors. 10. I have to ______ (answer) the phone. It might be important. 11. There are some beautiful ______ (poster) on the wall. 12. If you want to ask a question, please ______ (put up) your hand. 13. We should ______ (respect) each other's opinions. 14. Can you give me an ______ (example) to explain this rule? 15. He ______ (have to) get up early to catch the first bus every day. 能力提升 2、 完型填空。 A Tom is a new student at school. On his first day, he quickly realizes there are many 1___________ to follow. In the morning, he 2___________ to arrive at school on time. If he's late, he might miss important lessons. In the hallways, he 3___________ run. It's dangerous, and he could fall and get hurt. When it comes to the classroom, there are more rules. He 4___________ eat snacks in class. Also, he mustn't use his mobile phone. Instead, he should focus on his 5___________ . Tom understands that these rules are in place to help him and his classmates. They make the school a safe and good place to learn. 1. A. books B. rules C. friends D. teachers 2. A. can B. may C. have to D. has to 3. A. can't B. must C. should D. have to 4. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 5. A. games B. studies C. sports D. clothes B At Mary's school, the rules help keep things in order. In the library, everyone 1___________ keep quiet. There are signs everywhere saying “Keep quiet”. Students 2___________ talk loudly or make noise. If they need to talk to a friend, they have to do it quietly. When having lunch in the 3___________ , students should wait in line. They can't 4___________ the queue. And they should also keep the place clean. They 5___________ litter on the floor. These rules make the school a pleasant place for everyone. 1. A. can B. must C. may D. need 2. A. can't B. must C. should D. have to 3. A. classroom B. library C. dining hall D. playground 4. A. jump B. stand C. wait D. see 5. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 冲刺突破 三、阅读理解 A At our school, there are many important rules. We must arrive at school on time. Being late is not allowed because it disturbs the class. In the hallways, we can't run. Running can cause accidents, and we might get hurt. In the classroom, we have to keep quiet. We can't talk loudly or play around. Using mobile phones in class is strictly prohibited. We should focus on what the teacher is saying and learn attentively. We also have rules about school uniforms. We must wear them every day. It makes us look neat and shows that we are part of the school. These rules are not meant to be strict but to help us have a good learning environment. By following them, we can study better and get along well with each other. 1. Why can't students be late for school? A. Because they will miss the school bus. B. Because it disturbs the class. C. Because they will be punished. D. Because the teacher won't let them in. 2. What can't students do in the hallways? A. Walk slowly. B. Run. C. Talk with friends. D. Read books. 3. Why do students have to wear school uniforms? A. Because they look cool in uniforms. B. Because the school wants them to. C. Because it makes them look neat and shows they belong to the school. D. Because their parents ask them to. 4. What's the purpose of these school rules? A. To make students' lives difficult. B. To help students have a good learning environment. C. To make students afraid of teachers. D. To stop students from having fun. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Students can use mobile phones in class. B. Students can talk loudly in the classroom. C. Running in the hallways is allowed. D. Students need to arrive at school on time. B Tom is a new student in a middle school. He doesn't know much about the school rules at first. One day, during the break, he wanted to eat a piece of candy in the hallway. But then he saw a sign saying “No eating in the hallway”. So he stopped. In the library, Tom was about to talk to his friend. However, he noticed a sign that read “Keep quiet”. He quickly covered his mouth and started looking for books quietly. In P.E. class, the teacher said students had to wear sports shoes. Tom didn't wear them that day. The teacher asked him to change shoes before starting the class. After a few days, Tom learned all the rules. He found that following the rules made his school life much easier. He could focus on his studies and have a good time with his classmates. 1. What did Tom want to do in the hallway? A. Eat a piece of candy. B. Play with his friends. C. Read a book. D. Run quickly. 2. What did Tom do when he saw the sign in the library? A. He talked to his friend loudly. B. He left the library. C. He stopped talking and looked for books quietly. D. He asked the librarian for help. 3. Why did the P.E. teacher ask Tom to change shoes? A. Because Tom's shoes were too dirty. B. Because students had to wear sports shoes in P.E. class. C. Because Tom's shoes were too small. D. Because the teacher didn't like Tom's shoes. 4. How did Tom feel after learning the rules? A. His school life became easier. B. He was unhappy. C. He found it hard to follow the rules. D. He didn't like the rules. 5. What can we learn from Tom's experience? A. Rules are not important. B. We should break the rules. C. We should learn and follow the rules. D. Rules make our life difficult. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 No rules,No order Pronunciation 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 主题内容： 1. 规范自身行为，适应学校生活 2. 遵守学校规则，维护校园秩序 1. 掌握重点单词：rule（规则）、pencil box（铅笔盒）、locker（储物柜）、snack（零食）、mobile phone（手机）等。 2. 掌握句型：We can't/mustn't + 动词原形，表示禁止做某事；We have to + 动词原形，表示必须做某事；Can we...?的一般疑问句及回答。 3. 学会运用相关词汇和句型谈论学校规则，能理解并遵守学校的各项规定。 1、 重点单词。 1. _____________：n. 规则；规章 2. _____________：铅笔盒 3. _____________：n. 储物柜 4. _____________：n. 零食 5. _____________：手机 6. _____________：v. 借给；借出 7. _____________：v. 回答；接（电话） 8. _____________：adj. 重读的；受压的 9. _____________：n. 宠物 10. _____________：adj. 准备好的 1. rule：n. 规则；规章 2. pencil box：铅笔盒 3. locker：n. 储物柜 4. snack：n. 零食 5. mobile phone：手机 6. lend：v. 借给；借出 7. answer：v. 回答；接（电话） 8. stressed：adj. 重读的；受压的 9. pet：n. 宠物 10. ready：adj. 准备好的 二、重点短语。 1. ___________________________________：找到某物 2. ___________________________________：借给某人某物 3. ___________________________________：吃零食 4. ___________________________________：喝水 5. ___________________________________：把某物带到…… 6. ___________________________________：关掉（电器等） 7. ___________________________________：把某物放在……里面 8. ___________________________________：遵守规则 9. ___________________________________：按时 10. ___________________________________：上课迟到 11. ___________________________________：保持某物干净整洁 12. ___________________________________：举手 13.___________________________________：走路，不要跑 14. ___________________________________：玩得开心 15.___________________________________：注意 1. find something：找到某物 2. lend something to somebody / lend somebody something：借给某人某物 3. eat snacks：吃零食 4. drink water：喝水 5. bring something to...：把某物带到…… 6. turn off (electrical appliances, etc.)：关掉（电器等） 7. put something in...：把某物放在……里面 8. follow the rules：遵守规则 9. on time：按时 10. be late for class：上课迟到 11. keep something clean and tidy：保持某物干净整洁 12. put up one's hand：举手 13. Walk, don't run：走路，不要跑 14. have a good time / enjoy oneself / have fun：玩得开心 15. pay attention to...：注意 三、重点句型。 1. 我们不能在课堂上吃零食。 We ______ eat snacks ______ ______. 2. 我们禁止把手机带到课堂上。 We ______ ______ our mobile phones ______ class. 3. 我们不得不关掉手机并把它们放在储物柜里。 We ______ ______ turn them off and ______ them in our lockers. 4. 这是汤姆在这所学校的第一天。 It's Tom's ______ day ______ this school. 5. 安妮借给汤姆一支笔。 Anne ______ a pen ______ Tom. 6. 为什么安妮不接受汤姆的糖果？ ______ ______ Anne ______ a sweet from Tom? 7. 汤姆和安妮在课堂上能用手机吗？ ______ Tom and Anne ______ their phones in class? 8. 他们必须把手机放在哪里？ ______ ______ they ______ their phones? 9. 我们可以喝水。 We ______ ______ water. 10. 不要在走廊里跑。 ______ ______ in the hallways. 11. 我们应该按时到校。 We ______ arrive at school ______ ______. 12. 我们必须尊重老师。 We ______ ______ our teachers. 13. 你不能在图书馆里大声喧哗。 You ______ make ______ in the library. 14. 我们不得不每天穿校服。 We ______ ______ wear the school uniform every day. 15. 总是要保持教室干净整洁。 ______ keep the classroom ______ and ______. 1. 答案：can't; in class 解析：“不能”用“can't”，“在课堂上”是“in class”。 2. 答案：mustn't bring; to 解析：“禁止”用“mustn't”，“把……带到……”是“bring... to...” 。 3. 答案：have to; put 解析：“不得不”用“have to”，“把……放在……里”是“put... in...”，“have to”后接动词原形。 4. 答案：first; at 解析：“第一天”是“first day”，“在这所学校”用介词“at”，“at this school”。 5. 答案：lent; to 解析：“借给某人某物”是“lend sth. to sb.”，根据语境这里用一般过去时，“lend”的过去式是“lent”。 6. 答案：Why doesn't; accept 解析：“为什么不”用“Why doesn't/don't...”，主语“Anne”是第三人称单数，所以用“Why doesn't”，“接受”是“accept”。 7. 答案：Can; use 解析：“能”用“Can”引导一般疑问句，“使用”是“use”，“Can”后接动词原形。 8. 答案：Where must; put 解析：对地点提问用“Where”，“必须”是“must”，“放”是“put”，“must”后接动词原形。 9. 答案：can drink 解析：“可以”用“can”，“喝”是“drink”，“can”后接动词原形。 10. 答案：Don't run 解析：否定祈使句用“Don't + 动词原形”，“跑”是“run”。 11. 答案：should; on time 解析：“应该”用“should”，“按时”是“on time”。 12. 答案：must respect 解析：“必须”用“must”，“尊重”是“respect”，“must”后接动词原形。 13. 答案：can't; noise 解析：“不能”用“can't”，“大声喧哗”是“make noise”。 14. 答案：have to 解析：“不得不”用“have to”。 15. 答案：Always; clean; tidy 解析：“总是”是“Always”，“保持……干净整洁”是“keep... clean and tidy”。 ►:重难点1：情态动词can't、mustn't和have to的用法 【探索】 can't表示“不能”，通常用于表示能力上的限制或规定上的不允许；mustn't表示“禁止”，语气更为强烈，强调绝对不可以做某事；have to表示“不得不，必须”，强调由于客观情况或规定而必须做某事。 “We can't eat snacks in class.”（我们不能在课堂上吃零食，规定不允许） “We mustn't bring our mobile phones to class.”（我们禁止把手机带到课堂上，语气强烈的禁止） “We have to turn them off and put/keep them in our lockers.”（我们必须关掉手机并放在储物柜里，基于规定的客观要求）。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. You ______ play football on the road. It's very dangerous. A. can't B. mustn't C. have to 2. I'm really busy today, so I ______ stay at home to finish my work. A. can't B. mustn't C. have to 3. He ______ speak French. He only knows a little English. A. can't B. mustn't C. have to 2：用can't、mustn't或have to填空 1. We ______ listen to music in the library. It's too noisy. 2. You ______ be late for the meeting. It's very important. 3. My mother is ill, so I ______ look after her at home. 3：句型转换 1. We mustn't smoke in the hospital.（改为同义句） We ______ smoke in the hospital. 2. I have to clean my room today.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ ______ clean my room today. 3. He can't drive a car because he is too young.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he drive a car? 1. 单项选择 1. 答案：B 解析：“You ______ play football on the road. It's very dangerous.”（你 在路上踢足球。这非常危险），这里强调禁止做某事，因为在路上踢足球危险。A选项“can't”表示“不能”，强调没有能力或不被允许，语气相对较弱；B选项“mustn't”表示“禁止”，语气强烈，符合语境；C选项“have to”表示“不得不”，不符合禁止的意思。所以选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：“I'm really busy today, so I ______ stay at home to finish my work.”（我今天真的很忙，所以我 待在家里完成我的工作），这里是因为忙这个客观原因“不得不”待在家里。A选项“can't”表示“不能”，不符合语义；B选项“mustn't”表示“禁止”，也不符合；C选项“have to”表示“不得不”，符合客观情况。所以选C。 3. 答案：A 解析：“He ______ speak French. He only knows a little English.”（他 说法语。他只懂一点英语），这里表示他没有能力说法语。A选项“can't”表示“不能”，可以表示没有某种能力；B选项“mustn't”表示“禁止”，与语境不符；C选项“have to”表示“不得不”，也不合适。所以选A。 2. 用can't、mustn't或have to填空 1. 答案：can't 解析：“We ______ listen to music in the library. It's too noisy.”（我们 在图书馆听音乐。这太吵了），图书馆是需要安静的地方，所以是不被允许听音乐，用“can't”表示不被允许做某事更合适。 2. 答案：mustn't 解析：“You ______ be late for the meeting. It's very important.”（你 开会迟到。这非常重要），会议很重要，所以强调禁止迟到，用“mustn't”。 3. 答案：have to 解析：“My mother is ill, so I ______ look after her at home.”（我妈妈生病了，所以我 在家照顾她），因为妈妈生病这个客观原因“不得不”照顾她，用“have to”。 3. 句型转换 1. 答案：can't 解析：“We mustn't smoke in the hospital.”（我们禁止在医院吸烟），“mustn't”表示禁止，“can't”也可以表示不被允许，在这里可以替换，即“We can't smoke in the hospital.”。 2. 答案：don't have to 解析：原句“I have to clean my room today.”（我今天不得不打扫我的房间）是一般现在时，主语是“I”，变否定句时要借助助动词“don't”，后面的“have to”保持原形，即“I don't have to clean my room today.”。 3. 答案：Why can't 解析：原句“He can't drive a car because he is too young.”（他不能开车因为他太年轻了），对“because he is too young”（因为他太年轻了）提问，是对原因提问，用疑问词“why”，然后把“can't”提到主语“he”前面，即“Why can't he drive a car?”。 ►:重难点2：询问和表达学校规则的方式 【探索】 询问学校规则常用Can we...?的句型，回答用Yes, we can.或No, we can't. 表达禁止做某事用We can't/mustn't + 动词原形；表达必须做某事用We have to + 动词原形。例如：“Can we eat fruit in class? No, we can't.”（询问能否在课堂上做某事及否定回答），“We have to wear the school uniform every day.”（表达必须做的事）。通过这些句型的运用，可以准确地交流学校规则相关信息。 【基础练】 1：单项选择 1. —______ we listen to music in the classroom? —No, we ______. It may disturb others. A. Can; can't B. Must; mustn't C. Do; don't 2. We ______ bring our mobile phones to class. We must turn them off and keep them in lockers. A. can B. can't C. have to 3. Students ______ wear the school uniform on weekdays. It's a school rule. A. can B. must C. have to 2：根据提示完成句子 1. —______ we ______ (eat) snacks in class?（答案：Can；eat） —No, we ______.（答案：can't）We ______ ______ (finish) our homework first.（答案：have to finish） 2. We ______ ______ (mustn't / can't) use our phones in the library. It's not allowed.（答案：mustn't / can't） 3. A: ______ I ______ (borrow) this book?（答案：Can；borrow） B: Yes, you ______.（答案：can） 3：汉译英 1. 我们能在图书馆里交谈吗？不，不能。 _______________________________________________ 2. 我们必须每天按时到校。 _______________________________________________ 3. 你们禁止在走廊里追逐打闹。 _______________________________________________ 1. 单项选择 1. 答案：A 解析：根据语境，问句是询问“是否可以”在教室听音乐，用情态动词“Can”引导一般疑问句合适，其否定回答用“can't”。“Must”引导的一般疑问句，否定回答通常用“needn't”；“Do”引导的一般疑问句不能表达“是否可以”这种委婉询问许可的语气。所以选A。 2. 答案：B 解析：根据“We must turn them off and keep them in lockers.”（我们必须关掉它们并把它们放在储物柜里）可知，不能把手机带到教室。A选项“can”表示“能够，可以”，不符合语义；B选项“can't”表示“不能”，符合；C选项“have to”表示“不得不”，与后面要把手机放储物柜的意思不符。所以选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：“must”强调主观上的必要性，“have to”强调客观上的必要性。这里“wear the school uniform on weekdays”（工作日穿校服）是学校规则这一客观要求，所以用“have to”更合适。A选项“can”表示“能够，可以”，不符合要求；B选项“must”主观意味更强；C选项“have to”符合客观规定的语境。所以选C。 2. 根据提示完成句子 原答案已给出，以下是对句子的分析： 1. “Can we eat snacks in class?” 用“Can”询问是否可以在课堂吃零食，否定回答用“can't”。“We have to finish our homework first.” 表示客观上“不得不”先完成作业。 2. “mustn't”和“can't”在这里都可以使用。“mustn't”强调禁止，“can't”表示不被允许，在图书馆不能用手机，两个词都符合语境。 3. “Can I borrow this book?” 用“Can”询问是否可以借这本书，肯定回答用“can”。 3. 汉译英 1. 答案：Can we talk in the library? No, we can't. 解析：“能……吗”用“Can...” 来表达，“交谈”是“talk”，“在图书馆里”是“in the library”，否定回答用“can't”。 2. 答案：We have to arrive at school on time every day. 解析：“必须”根据这里是客观要求用“have to”，“到达学校”是“arrive at school”，“按时”是“on time”，“每天”是“every day”。 3. 答案：You mustn't chase or play in the hallways. 解析：“禁止”用“mustn't”，“追逐打闹”可以用“chase or play” 来表达，“在走廊里”是“in the hallways”。 ►:重难点3：语音学习 - 单词发音及重读音节 【探索】 在英语中，不同的字母组合发音不同。例如，字母组合“e”“ea”“ee”“ear”在不同单词中有不同的发音，像“she”中“e”发/i:/，“bed”中“e”发/e/等。同时，在句子中，有些单词需要重读，重读的单词通常是表达关键意思的实词，如名词、动词、形容词等，像对话中的“rules”“eat”“phones”等。正确掌握单词发音和句子重音，有助于提高听力和口语表达能力。 【基础练】 1：判断下列单词中划线部分发音是否相同，相同写“S”，不同写“D” 1. she - bed 2. please - ready 3. tree - sleep 4. ear - pear 2：根据发音规则，在每组中找出一个与其他发音不同的单词 1. A. he B. pen C. let 2. A. speak B. head C. read 3. A. deer B. bear C. near 1. 判断下列单词中划线部分发音是否相同，相同写“S”，不同写“D” 1. 答案：D 解析：“she”的发音是[ʃiː]，“bed”的发音是[bed]，“she”中“e”发/iː/，“bed”中“e”发/e/，发音不同，所以写“D”。 2. 答案：D 解析：“please”的发音是[pliːz]，“ready”的发音是[ˈredi]，“please”中“ea”发/iː/，“ready”中“ea”发/e/，发音不同，所以写“D”。 3. 答案：S 解析：“tree”的发音是[triː]，“sleep”的发音是[sliːp]，“tree”和“sleep”中“ee”都发/iː/，发音相同，所以写“S”。 4. 答案：D 解析：“ear”的发音是[ɪə(r)]，“pear”的发音是[peə(r)]，“ear”中“ear”发/ɪə(r)/，“pear”中“ear”发/eə(r)/，发音不同，所以写“D”。 2. 根据发音规则，在每组中找出一个与其他发音不同的单词 1. 答案：A 解析：“he”的发音是[hiː]，“pen”的发音是[pen]，“let”的发音是[let]，“he”中“e”发/iː/，“pen”和“let”中“e”发/e/，所以发音不同的是“A. he”。 2. 答案：B 解析：“speak”的发音是[spiːk]，“head”的发音是[hed]，“read”的发音是[riːd]（这里是原形发音，当它是过去式和过去分词且发音为[red]时是另一种情况 ），“speak”和“read”中“ea”发/iː/，“head”中“ea”发/e/，所以发音不同的是“B. head”。 3. 答案：B 解析：“deer”的发音是[dɪə(r)]，“bear”的发音是[beə(r)]，“near”的发音是[nɪə(r)]，“deer”和“near”中“ear”发/ɪə(r)/，“bear”中“ear”发/eə(r)/，所以发音不同的是“B. bear”。 基础过关 根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. It's not allowed to eat ______ (snack) in the library. 2. I can't find my ______ (pencil box). Can you help me look for it? 3. Students should ______ (arrive) at school on time. 4. We have to wear the school ______ (uniform) from Monday to Friday. 5. Don't ______ (litter) everywhere. We should keep the environment clean. 6. We should be ______ (polite) to our teachers and classmates. 7. She ______ (lend) her book to me yesterday. 8. You mustn't ______ (use) your mobile phone in class. 9. The wind is ______ (blow) hard. We'd better stay indoors. 10. I have to ______ (answer) the phone. It might be important. 11. There are some beautiful ______ (poster) on the wall. 12. If you want to ask a question, please ______ (put up) your hand. 13. We should ______ (respect) each other's opinions. 14. Can you give me an ______ (example) to explain this rule? 15. He ______ (have to) get up early to catch the first bus every day. 1. 答案：snacks 解析：“snack”是可数名词，“eat snacks”表示“吃零食”，这里用复数形式表示一类事物，故填“snacks”。 2. 答案：pencil box 解析：根据语境“我找不到我的铅笔盒了”，“pencil box”意为“铅笔盒”，这里用单数形式表示一个铅笔盒，故填“pencil box”。 3. 答案：arrive 解析：“should”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，“arrive at school”表示“到达学校”，故填“arrive”。 4. 答案：uniform 解析：“wear the school uniform”表示“穿校服”，“uniform”在这里用单数形式表示一类事物，即校服这一概念，故填“uniform”。 5. 答案：litter 解析：“Don't”后接动词原形，构成否定祈使句，“litter”作动词时意为“乱扔垃圾”，“Don't litter everywhere”表示“不要到处乱扔垃圾”，故填“litter”。 6. 答案：polite 解析：“be polite to...”是固定短语，意为“对……有礼貌”，所以这里填“polite”。 7. 答案：lent 解析：根据“yesterday”可知句子时态是一般过去时，“lend”的过去式是“lent”，“lend sth. to sb.”表示“把某物借给某人”，故填“lent”。 8. 答案：use 解析：“mustn't”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，“use”表示“使用”，“mustn't use your mobile phone”表示“禁止使用你的手机”，故填“use”。 9. 答案：blowing 解析：根据“The wind is... hard. We'd better stay indoors.”可知句子时态是现在进行时，其结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，“blow”的现在分词是“blowing”，“The wind is blowing hard.”表示“风刮得很大”，故填“blowing”。 10. 答案：answer 解析：“have to”后接动词原形，“answer the phone”表示“接电话”，故填“answer”。 11. 答案：posters 解析：“some”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，“poster”是可数名词，“some beautiful posters”表示“一些漂亮的海报”，故填“posters”。 12. 答案：put up 解析：“please”后接动词原形，构成祈使句，“put up your hand”表示“举手”，故填“put up”。 13. 答案：respect 解析：“should”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，“respect”表示“尊重”，“respect each other's opinions”表示“尊重彼此的意见”，故填“respect”。 14. 答案：example 解析：“an”后接可数名词单数，“example”是可数名词，“give an example”表示“举个例子”，故填“example”。 15. 答案：has to 解析：根据“every day”可知句子时态是一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，“have to”的第三人称单数形式是“has to”，“has to get up early”表示“不得不早起”，故填“has to”。 能力提升 2、 完型填空。 A Tom is a new student at school. On his first day, he quickly realizes there are many 1___________ to follow. In the morning, he 2___________ to arrive at school on time. If he's late, he might miss important lessons. In the hallways, he 3___________ run. It's dangerous, and he could fall and get hurt. When it comes to the classroom, there are more rules. He 4___________ eat snacks in class. Also, he mustn't use his mobile phone. Instead, he should focus on his 5___________ . Tom understands that these rules are in place to help him and his classmates. They make the school a safe and good place to learn. 1. A. books B. rules C. friends D. teachers 2. A. can B. may C. have to D. has to 3. A. can't B. must C. should D. have to 4. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 5. A. games B. studies C. sports D. clothes 1. 答案：B 解析：根据后文描述的在学校不同场景的各种规定，如按时到校、走廊不能跑、课堂不能吃零食等，可知这里是说有很多“规则”要遵守。A选项“books”（书）；B选项“rules”（规则）；C选项“friends”（朋友）；D选项“teachers”（老师）。只有B选项符合语境，所以选B。 2. 答案：D 解析：句子时态是一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，根据“If he's late, he might miss important lessons.”（如果他迟到，他可能会错过重要的课程）可知，早上他“必须”按时到校。A选项“can”（能够，可以）；B选项“may”（也许，可能；可以）；C选项“have to”（不得不，必须），但形式错误，主语是第三人称单数时要用“has to”；D选项“has to”（不得不，必须），符合语法和语境。所以选D。 3. 答案：A 解析：根据“It's dangerous, and he could fall and get hurt.”（这很危险，他可能会摔倒受伤）可知，在走廊里他“不能”跑。A选项“can't”（不能）；B选项“must”（必须）；C选项“should”（应该）；D选项“have to”（不得不，必须）。A选项符合不能跑的语义，所以选A。 4. 答案：B 解析：根据“Also, he mustn't use his mobile phone.”（而且，他禁止使用手机）可知，在教室里有很多规定，所以他“不能”在课堂上吃零食。A选项“can”（能够，可以）；B选项“can't”（不能）；C选项“must”（必须）；D选项“mustn't”（禁止），“mustn't”语气更强烈，侧重于禁止做某事，这里说不能吃零食，“can't”更合适。所以选B。 5. 答案：B 解析：根据前文提到课堂上不能吃零食、不能用手机，可知他应该专注于他的“学习”。A选项“games”（游戏）；B选项“studies”（学习）；C选项“sports”（运动）；D选项“clothes”（衣服）。B选项符合在课堂上应该专注的事情，所以选B。 B At Mary's school, the rules help keep things in order. In the library, everyone 1___________ keep quiet. There are signs everywhere saying “Keep quiet”. Students 2___________ talk loudly or make noise. If they need to talk to a friend, they have to do it quietly. When having lunch in the 3___________ , students should wait in line. They can't 4___________ the queue. And they should also keep the place clean. They 5___________ litter on the floor. These rules make the school a pleasant place for everyone. 1. A. can B. must C. may D. need 2. A. can't B. must C. should D. have to 3. A. classroom B. library C. dining hall D. playground 4. A. jump B. stand C. wait D. see 5. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't 1. 答案：B 解析：根据常识，在图书馆里保持安静是必须要做到的事情。A选项“can”表示“能够，可以”，强调具备某种能力；B选项“must”表示“必须”，强调必要性和义务性，在图书馆保持安静是规定，所以用“must”合适；C选项“may”表示“也许，可能；可以”，语气较委婉，不符合图书馆要求安静的严格规定；D选项“need”作情态动词时通常用于否定句和疑问句，这里不合适。所以选B。 2. 答案：A 解析：前面提到图书馆要求保持安静，所以学生“不能”大声交谈或制造噪音。A选项“can't”表示“不能”，符合语境；B选项“must”表示“必须”，与要表达的不能大声说话意思不符；C选项“should”表示“应该”，语气不如“can't”强烈，不能很好地体现图书馆禁止大声喧哗的规定；D选项“have to”表示“不得不”，也不符合此处禁止的语义。所以选A。 3. 答案：C 解析：根据“having lunch”（吃午饭）可知，这个地方应该是餐厅。A选项“classroom”是“教室”，教室不是吃饭的地方；B选项“library”是“图书馆”，图书馆不能吃饭；C选项“dining hall”是“餐厅”，符合吃午饭的场景；D选项“playground”是“操场”，也不是吃饭的地方。所以选C。 4. 答案：A 解析：根据“students should wait in line”（学生应该排队等候）可知，这里说不能“插队”。A选项“jump the queue”是固定短语，意为“插队”，符合题意；B选项“stand”表示“站立”，“stand the queue”表达错误；C选项“wait”表示“等待”，“wait the queue”表达错误；D选项“see”表示“看见”，“see the queue”不符合语境。所以选A。 5. 答案：D 解析：前面提到要保持餐厅干净，所以“禁止”往地上扔垃圾。A选项“can”表示“能够，可以”，不符合不能扔垃圾的意思；B选项“can't”表示“不能”，语气相对较弱；C选项“must”表示“必须”，与不能扔垃圾语义不符；D选项“mustn't”表示“禁止”，语气强烈，符合餐厅禁止乱扔垃圾的规定。所以选D。 冲刺突破 三、阅读理解 A At our school, there are many important rules. We must arrive at school on time. Being late is not allowed because it disturbs the class. In the hallways, we can't run. Running can cause accidents, and we might get hurt. In the classroom, we have to keep quiet. We can't talk loudly or play around. Using mobile phones in class is strictly prohibited. We should focus on what the teacher is saying and learn attentively. We also have rules about school uniforms. We must wear them every day. It makes us look neat and shows that we are part of the school. These rules are not meant to be strict but to help us have a good learning environment. By following them, we can study better and get along well with each other. 1. Why can't students be late for school? A. Because they will miss the school bus. B. Because it disturbs the class. C. Because they will be punished. D. Because the teacher won't let them in. 2. What can't students do in the hallways? A. Walk slowly. B. Run. C. Talk with friends. D. Read books. 3. Why do students have to wear school uniforms? A. Because they look cool in uniforms. B. Because the school wants them to. C. Because it makes them look neat and shows they belong to the school. D. Because their parents ask them to. 4. What's the purpose of these school rules? A. To make students' lives difficult. B. To help students have a good learning environment. C. To make students afraid of teachers. D. To stop students from having fun. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Students can use mobile phones in class. B. Students can talk loudly in the classroom. C. Running in the hallways is allowed. D. Students need to arrive at school on time. 1. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“Being late is not allowed because it disturbs the class.”可知，学生不能迟到是因为迟到会扰乱课堂。A选项“Because they will miss the school bus.”（因为他们会错过校车），文中未提及；C选项“Because they will be punished.”（因为他们会受到惩罚），文章没有说迟到会被惩罚；D选项“Because the teacher won't let them in.”（因为老师不会让他们进去），也未在文中提到。所以选B。 2. 答案：B 解析：由文中“In the hallways, we can't run. Running can cause accidents, and we might get hurt.”可知，学生在走廊里不能跑。A选项“Walk slowly.”（慢慢走），文中未禁止；C选项“Talk with friends.”（和朋友交谈），文章没说不能在走廊交谈；D选项“Read books.”（读书），同样未提及不可以。所以选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：根据“We also have rules about school uniforms. We must wear them every day. It makes us look neat and shows that we are part of the school.”可知，学生必须穿校服是因为这能让他们看起来整洁，并且表明他们是学校的一部分。A选项“Because they look cool in uniforms.”（因为他们穿校服看起来很酷），文中未提及；B选项“Because the school wants them to.”（因为学校希望他们这样做），表述太笼统，没有具体说明原因；D选项“Because their parents ask them to.”（因为他们的父母要求他们这样做），文中没说。所以选C。 4. 答案：B 解析：从文中“These rules are not meant to be strict but to help us have a good learning environment.”可知，这些学校规则的目的是帮助学生有一个良好的学习环境。A选项“To make students' lives difficult.”（让学生的生活变得困难），与原文不符；C选项“To make students afraid of teachers.”（让学生害怕老师），文章没提到；D选项“To stop students from having fun.”（阻止学生玩得开心），也不符合原文意思。所以选B。 5. 答案：D 解析：A选项“Students can use mobile phones in class.”（学生可以在课堂上使用手机），文中明确说“Using mobile phones in class is strictly prohibited.”，所以A错误；B选项“Students can talk loudly in the classroom.”（学生可以在教室里大声交谈），文中提到“In the classroom, we have to keep quiet. We can't talk loudly or play around.”，所以B错误；C选项“Running in the hallways is allowed.”（在走廊里跑是被允许的），文中说“In the hallways, we can't run.”，所以C错误；D选项“Students need to arrive at school on time.”（学生需要按时到校），与文中“We must arrive at school on time.”相符，所以D正确。所以选D。 B Tom is a new student in a middle school. He doesn't know much about the school rules at first. One day, during the break, he wanted to eat a piece of candy in the hallway. But then he saw a sign saying “No eating in the hallway”. So he stopped. In the library, Tom was about to talk to his friend. However, he noticed a sign that read “Keep quiet”. He quickly covered his mouth and started looking for books quietly. In P.E. class, the teacher said students had to wear sports shoes. Tom didn't wear them that day. The teacher asked him to change shoes before starting the class. After a few days, Tom learned all the rules. He found that following the rules made his school life much easier. He could focus on his studies and have a good time with his classmates. 1. What did Tom want to do in the hallway? A. Eat a piece of candy. B. Play with his friends. C. Read a book. D. Run quickly. 2. What did Tom do when he saw the sign in the library? A. He talked to his friend loudly. B. He left the library. C. He stopped talking and looked for books quietly. D. He asked the librarian for help. 3. Why did the P.E. teacher ask Tom to change shoes? A. Because Tom's shoes were too dirty. B. Because students had to wear sports shoes in P.E. class. C. Because Tom's shoes were too small. D. Because the teacher didn't like Tom's shoes. 4. How did Tom feel after learning the rules? A. His school life became easier. B. He was unhappy. C. He found it hard to follow the rules. D. He didn't like the rules. 5. What can we learn from Tom's experience? A. Rules are not important. B. We should break the rules. C. We should learn and follow the rules. D. Rules make our life difficult. 1. 答案：A 解析：根据文中“One day, during the break, he wanted to eat a piece of candy in the hallway.”可知，汤姆想在走廊里吃一块糖果。B选项“Play with his friends.”（和他的朋友一起玩）、C选项“Read a book.”（读一本书）、D选项“Run quickly.”（快速奔跑）在文中均未提及他有此想法。所以选A。 2. 答案：C 解析：由文中“In the library, Tom was about to talk to his friend. However, he noticed a sign that read ‘Keep quiet’. He quickly covered his mouth and started looking for books quietly.”可知，当汤姆看到图书馆的标志时，他停止交谈并开始安静地找书。A选项“He talked to his friend loudly.”（他大声和他的朋友交谈）与原文不符；B选项“He left the library.”（他离开了图书馆）文中未提及；D选项“He asked the librarian for help.”（他向图书管理员求助）也未在文中体现。所以选C。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据“In P.E. class, the teacher said students had to wear sports shoes. Tom didn't wear them that day. The teacher asked him to change shoes before starting the class.”可知，体育老师让汤姆换鞋是因为学生在体育课上必须穿运动鞋。A选项“Because Tom's shoes were too dirty.”（因为汤姆的鞋太脏了）、C选项“Because Tom's shoes were too small.”（因为汤姆的鞋太小了）、D选项“Because the teacher didn't like Tom's shoes.”（因为老师不喜欢汤姆的鞋）均不符合原文意思。所以选B。 4. 答案：A 解析：从文中“After a few days, Tom learned all the rules. He found that following the rules made his school life much easier.”可知，汤姆学习了规则后，他觉得他的学校生活变得更轻松了。B选项“He was unhappy.”（他不开心）、C选项“He found it hard to follow the rules.”（他发现遵守规则很难）、D选项“He didn't like the rules.”（他不喜欢这些规则）均与原文不符。所以选A。 5. 答案：C 解析：文章讲述了汤姆从一开始不了解学校规则，到经历一些事情后学习并遵守规则，最后发现遵守规则让学校生活更轻松的故事。A选项“Rules are not important.”（规则不重要）与原文表达的意思相悖；B选项“We should break the rules.”（我们应该违反规则）也是错误的；C选项“We should learn and follow the rules.”（我们应该学习并遵守规则）符合文章主旨；D选项“Rules make our life difficult.”（规则使我们的生活困难）与原文中汤姆遵守规则后生活更轻松不符。所以选C。 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$