Unit 2 No rules,No order Grammar Focus（重难知识导学&精练）-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（人教版2024）

Unit 2 No rules,No order Grammar Focus 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 主题内容： 1. 通过遵守规则规范自身行为，培养自律意识 2. 在学校环境中，遵循规则以维护集体秩序，促进和谐共处 1. 掌握重点单词：rule（规则）、queue（队列）、absent（缺席的）、seat belt（安全带）、sign（标志）等。 2. 掌握句型：祈使句（表示命令、请求、建议等）；can、have to/must、can't/mustn't引导的句子用于表达许可、必要性和禁止；用because引导的句子说明原因。 3. 学会运用相关词汇和句型谈论学校及其他场所的规则，能正确理解和遵守规则，并根据规则进行表达和交流。 1、 重点单词。 1. _____________：n. 规则；规章 2. _____________：n. 队列；长队 v. 排队 3. _____________：adj. 缺席的；不在场的 4. _____________：安全带 5._____________：n. 标志；迹象；符号 v. 签名；示意 6._____________：v. 乱扔垃圾 n. 垃圾；废弃物 7. _____________：adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 8. _____________：n. & v. 尊重；尊敬 9. _____________：餐厅 10. _____________：n. 图书馆 11. _____________：n. 电影院 12. _____________：n. 医院 13. _____________：n. 公园 14. _____________：v. 跳跃；跳过 15. _____________：v. 举起；提高；筹集 二、重点短语。 1. ___________________________________：插队 2. ___________________________________：等待轮到某人 3. ___________________________________：问某人一个问题 4. ___________________________________：举手 5. ___________________________________：上课缺席 6. ___________________________________：看；瞧 7. ___________________________________：穿上；戴上；上演 8. ___________________________________：保持安静 9. ___________________________________：制造噪音 10. ___________________________________：吃零食 11. ___________________________________：把某物带到…… 12. ___________________________________：分组；成群 13. ___________________________________：头脑风暴制定规则 14. ___________________________________：画标志 15. ___________________________________：向某人解释某事 三、重点句型。 1. 我们不能在走廊上奔跑，必须在走廊上慢行。 We ______ run in the hallway. We ______ walk slowly. 2. 请礼貌待人并且相互尊重，不要乱扔垃圾。 Be polite and treat one another with respect. ______ litter. 3. 你不能把手机带到课堂上，必须把它们放在储物柜里。 You ______ bring your phones to class. You ______ keep them in your lockers. 4. 我们不可以在课堂上吃零食，得在餐厅吃。 We ______ eat snacks in class. We ______ eat in the dining hall. 5. 不要插队，你得排队等候。 Don't jump the queue. You ______ wait for your turn. 6. 你不能在课堂上直接问老师问题，得先举手。 You ______ just ask your teacher a question in class. You ______ raise your hand first. 7. 如果我感觉不舒服，可以离开教室吗？是的，但当你缺课时______ 告知老师。 A: Can I leave the class if I don't feel well? B: Yes, but you ______ tell your teacher about it when you ______ be absent from class. 8. 嘿！我能看一下你的书吗？嘘，在图书馆我们______ 轻声交谈。 A: Hey! Can I look at your book? B: Shh, we ______ talk quietly in the library. 9. 你能系上安全带吗？我们在车里时______ 系上。 A: Can you put on your seat belt? We ______ wear one when we're in a car. B: Sure. Thanks! 10. 在电影院里，我们不能大声喧哗。 In the cinema, we ______ make loud noises. 11. 我们在公园里不能践踏草坪。 We ______ walk on the grass in the park. 12. 在医院里，你必须保持安静。 You ______ keep quiet in the hospital. 13. 学生们在学校餐厅不能浪费食物。 Students ______ waste food in the school dining hall. 14. 在图书馆，我们不能使用闪光灯拍照。 In the library, we ______ take photos with flash. 15. 在学校，我们必须按时到校。 We ______ arrive at school on time at school. ►:重难点1：祈使句的用法及否定形式 【探索】 祈使句用于表达命令、请求、建议、警告等。通常省略主语you，以动词原形开头。肯定祈使句直接用动词原形，如“Walk in the hallway.”；否定祈使句则在句首加Don't，如“Don't run!”。祈使句能简洁明了地传达规则和要求，在描述学校规则、公共场合规则等场景中广泛应用。它的语气较为直接，使用时要注意场合和对象。 【基础练】 1. 将下列句子改为祈使句： You should clean the classroom. ____________________________________________________ 2. 改为否定祈使句： Open the window. ____________________________________________________ ►:重难点2：can、have to/must、can't/mustn't的用法区别 【探索】 can表示“能，可以”，用于询问或表达许可；have to和must都表示“必须”，但have to强调客观上的必要性，must侧重于主观上认为必须做某事；can't和mustn't都表示“禁止”，mustn't语气更强烈。例如，“Can we eat snacks in class?（询问许可）”“We have to wear the school uniform.（客观规定）”“We must study hard.（主观认为必须）”“We can't / mustn't litter.（禁止行为，mustn't语气更强）”。正确区分和运用这些词，能准确表达不同程度的许可、必要性和禁止。 【基础练】 1. 用 can、have to、must、can't、mustn't 填空： ______ I bring my pet to school? No, you ______. We ______ follow the traffic rules when crossing the road. It's very important. You ______ finish your homework today because the teacher will check it tomorrow. 2. 翻译句子： 我们可以在餐厅里吃东西，但不能在教室里吃。 ____________________________________________________ 你必须按时到校，禁止迟到。 ____________________________________________________ ►:重难点3：询问和表达规则及原因的方式 【探索】 询问规则常用“Can we...?”的句型，回答用“Yes, we can.”或“No, we can't.”；表达规则时，用祈使句、can、have to/must、can't/mustn't引导的句子；说明遵守或不遵守规则的原因常用because引导的句子。例如，“Can we bring our phones to class? No, we can't. Because it will affect our study.（询问规则及回答，并说明原因）”“We must keep quiet in the library because others are reading.（表达规则并说明原因）”。掌握这些表达方式，有助于全面地交流和理解规则。 【基础练】 1. 按要求完成句子。 我们可以在教室里听音乐吗？（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 不，不可以。因为会打扰其他同学。（根据上句回答并说明原因，汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空并说明原因。 We ______ (must) run in the classroom. It's dangerous. You ______ (can) use your mobile phone in the exam. It's against the rules. 3. 情景写作。 请写出两条图书馆的规则，并分别说明原因。 ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 基础过关 根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. We mustn't ______ (litter) in the park. It's everyone's duty to keep it clean. 2. You should be ______ (polite) and treat others with respect. 3. Can you ______ (bring) your homework to school tomorrow? 4. We can't eat snacks in class. We have to eat in the ______ (dine) hall. 5. Don't ______ (fight) with your classmates. It's not allowed at school. 6. You must keep your phones in the ______ (locker) when you are in class. 7. She is a ______ (help) girl. She always helps others when they are in trouble. 8. ______ (walk) in the hallway instead of running. It's safer. 9. You can't be ______ (noise) in the library. Everyone needs a quiet environment. 10. We should ______ (raise) our hands first if we want to ask a question in class. 11. You must ______ (tell) your teacher when you are absent from class. 12. We can't ______ (use) flash when taking photos in the museum. 13. He is very ______ (kind - ness). He often shares his things with his friends. 14. ______ (not jump) the queue. You should wait for your turn patiently. 15. We have to ______ (wear) uniforms on school days. 能力提升 2、 完型填空。 A In our school, there are many rules. We must 1___________ to school on time. In class, we should listen to the teachers 2___________. We can't talk or play. We 3___________ eat in the classroom, but we can eat in the dining hall. After class, we can't 4___________ in the hallways. It's dangerous. Also, we have to 5___________ our classrooms clean. We take turns to sweep the floor and clean the desks. 1. A. arrives B. arrive C. arriving 2. A. careful B. carefully C. careless 3. A. can't B. can C. must 4. A. run B. running C. runs 5. A. keep B. makes C. takes B At school, we have some important rules. First, we 1___________ wear our school uniforms every day. It shows our school spirit. Second, we 2___________ use mobile phones during class. The teachers think it will affect our study. Third, we should be 3___________ to each other. We can't fight. When we borrow something from others, we should say “please” and when we get help, we should say “4___________ ”. All these rules help us 5___________ better at school. 1. A. must B. can C. may 2. A. must B. mustn't C. can 3. A. rude B. kind C. angry 4. A. sorry B. hello C. thank you 5. A. study B. studying C. studies 冲刺突破 三、阅读理解 A In our school, there are strict rules. Students must arrive at school before 8:00 am. If you are late, you need to stand outside the classroom and say sorry to the teacher. In class, you have to listen carefully. Don't talk with your classmates or play with your stationery. When the teacher asks a question, you should raise your hand. You can't eat in the classroom, but you can eat in the school cafeteria. Remember to clean up after you finish eating. Also, you must keep your desks and the classroom clean. Don't draw on the desks or throw litter on the floor. After class, you can play in the playground, but don't run in the hallways. It's dangerous. You can't bring your mobile phone to school. If you bring it, the teacher will take it away. 1. What time must students arrive at school? A. Before 7:00 am. B. Before 8:00 am. C. Before 9:00 am. D. Before 10:00 am. 2. What can't students do in class? A. Listen carefully. B. Talk with classmates. C. Raise hands. D. Answer the teacher's questions. 3. Where can students eat? A. In the classroom. B. In the hallway. C. In the cafeteria. D. In the playground. 4. What must students do after eating in the cafeteria? A. Draw on the desks. B. Throw litter on the floor. C. Clean up. D. Bring mobile phones. 5. Why can't students run in the hallways? A. Because it's boring. B. Because it's dangerous. C. Because the teacher doesn't like it. D. Because it's not allowed by the school rules. B Our class has some special rules. We need to wear a name tag every day so that everyone can know our names easily. When we do group work, we must listen to others' ideas. Don't interrupt others when they are speaking. We have to keep our classroom tidy. Everyone should take turns to clean the blackboard and sweep the floor. If you find any waste paper on the floor, you should pick it up at once. During PE class, we must follow the teacher's instructions. Don't do dangerous actions. And we can't leave the playground without the teacher's permission. 1. Why do students need to wear a name tag? A. Because it looks cool. B. Because everyone can know their names easily. C. Because the teacher asks them to do so. D. Because it's a school - wide rule. 2. What should students do during group work? A. Interrupt others when they are speaking. B. Only listen to their own ideas. C. Listen to others' ideas. D. Argue with others. 3. What does “take turns” mean in Chinese? A. 轮流 B. 转身 C. 依次 D. 顺便 4. What must students do during PE class? A. Do dangerous actions. B. Leave the playground without permission. C. Follow the teacher's instructions. D. Play freely without any rules. 5. What should students do if they see waste paper on the floor? A. Step on it. B. Ignore it. C. Pick it up. D. Kick it away. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 No rules,No order Grammar Focus 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 主题内容： 1. 通过遵守规则规范自身行为，培养自律意识 2. 在学校环境中，遵循规则以维护集体秩序，促进和谐共处 1. 掌握重点单词：rule（规则）、queue（队列）、absent（缺席的）、seat belt（安全带）、sign（标志）等。 2. 掌握句型：祈使句（表示命令、请求、建议等）；can、have to/must、can't/mustn't引导的句子用于表达许可、必要性和禁止；用because引导的句子说明原因。 3. 学会运用相关词汇和句型谈论学校及其他场所的规则，能正确理解和遵守规则，并根据规则进行表达和交流。 1、 重点单词。 1. _____________：n. 规则；规章 2. _____________：n. 队列；长队 v. 排队 3. _____________：adj. 缺席的；不在场的 4. _____________：安全带 5._____________：n. 标志；迹象；符号 v. 签名；示意 6._____________：v. 乱扔垃圾 n. 垃圾；废弃物 7. _____________：adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 8. _____________：n. & v. 尊重；尊敬 9. _____________：餐厅 10. _____________：n. 图书馆 11. _____________：n. 电影院 12. _____________：n. 医院 13. _____________：n. 公园 14. _____________：v. 跳跃；跳过 15. _____________：v. 举起；提高；筹集 1. rule：n. 规则；规章 2. queue：n. 队列；长队 v. 排队 3. absent：adj. 缺席的；不在场的 4. seat belt：安全带 5. sign：n. 标志；迹象；符号 v. 签名；示意 6. litter：v. 乱扔垃圾 n. 垃圾；废弃物 7. polite：adj. 有礼貌的；客气的 8. respect：n. & v. 尊重；尊敬 9. dining hall：餐厅 10. library：n. 图书馆 11. cinema：n. 电影院 12. hospital：n. 医院 13. park：n. 公园 14. jump：v. 跳跃；跳过 15. raise：v. 举起；提高；筹集 二、重点短语。 1. ___________________________________：插队 2. ___________________________________：等待轮到某人 3. ___________________________________：问某人一个问题 4. ___________________________________：举手 5. ___________________________________：上课缺席 6. ___________________________________：看；瞧 7. ___________________________________：穿上；戴上；上演 8. ___________________________________：保持安静 9. ___________________________________：制造噪音 10. ___________________________________：吃零食 11. ___________________________________：把某物带到…… 12. ___________________________________：分组；成群 13. ___________________________________：头脑风暴制定规则 14. ___________________________________：画标志 15. ___________________________________：向某人解释某事 1. jump the queue 2. wait for one's turn 3. ask sb. a question 4. raise one's hand 5. be absent from class 6. look at 7. put on 8. keep quiet 9. make noise(s) 10. eat snacks 11. bring sth. to... 12. in groups 13. brainstorm rules 14. draw a sign 15. explain sth. to sb. 三、重点句型。 1. 我们不能在走廊上奔跑，必须在走廊上慢行。 We ______ run in the hallway. We ______ walk slowly. 2. 请礼貌待人并且相互尊重，不要乱扔垃圾。 Be polite and treat one another with respect. ______ litter. 3. 你不能把手机带到课堂上，必须把它们放在储物柜里。 You ______ bring your phones to class. You ______ keep them in your lockers. 4. 我们不可以在课堂上吃零食，得在餐厅吃。 We ______ eat snacks in class. We ______ eat in the dining hall. 5. 不要插队，你得排队等候。 Don't jump the queue. You ______ wait for your turn. 6. 你不能在课堂上直接问老师问题，得先举手。 You ______ just ask your teacher a question in class. You ______ raise your hand first. 7. 如果我感觉不舒服，可以离开教室吗？是的，但当你缺课时______ 告知老师。 A: Can I leave the class if I don't feel well? B: Yes, but you ______ tell your teacher about it when you ______ be absent from class. 8. 嘿！我能看一下你的书吗？嘘，在图书馆我们______ 轻声交谈。 A: Hey! Can I look at your book? B: Shh, we ______ talk quietly in the library. 9. 你能系上安全带吗？我们在车里时______ 系上。 A: Can you put on your seat belt? We ______ wear one when we're in a car. B: Sure. Thanks! 10. 在电影院里，我们不能大声喧哗。 In the cinema, we ______ make loud noises. 11. 我们在公园里不能践踏草坪。 We ______ walk on the grass in the park. 12. 在医院里，你必须保持安静。 You ______ keep quiet in the hospital. 13. 学生们在学校餐厅不能浪费食物。 Students ______ waste food in the school dining hall. 14. 在图书馆，我们不能使用闪光灯拍照。 In the library, we ______ take photos with flash. 15. 在学校，我们必须按时到校。 We ______ arrive at school on time at school. 1. can't; must 2. Don't 3. can't; must 4. can't; have to 5. have to 6. can't; must 7. must; have to 8. must 9. must 10. can't 11. can't 12. must 13. can't 14. can't 15. must ►:重难点1：祈使句的用法及否定形式 【探索】 祈使句用于表达命令、请求、建议、警告等。通常省略主语you，以动词原形开头。肯定祈使句直接用动词原形，如“Walk in the hallway.”；否定祈使句则在句首加Don't，如“Don't run!”。祈使句能简洁明了地传达规则和要求，在描述学校规则、公共场合规则等场景中广泛应用。它的语气较为直接，使用时要注意场合和对象。 【基础练】 1. 将下列句子改为祈使句： You should clean the classroom. ____________________________________________________ 2. 改为否定祈使句： Open the window. ____________________________________________________ 1. Clean the classroom. 解析：原句“You should clean the classroom.”（你应该打扫教室），改为祈使句时省略主语you，直接用动词原形开头，即“Clean the classroom.” 。 2. Don't open the window. 解析：原句“Open the window.”（打开窗户）是肯定祈使句，改为否定祈使句直接在句首加“Don't”，即“Don't open the window.”（不要打开窗户）。 ►:重难点2：can、have to/must、can't/mustn't的用法区别 【探索】 can表示“能，可以”，用于询问或表达许可；have to和must都表示“必须”，但have to强调客观上的必要性，must侧重于主观上认为必须做某事；can't和mustn't都表示“禁止”，mustn't语气更强烈。例如，“Can we eat snacks in class?（询问许可）”“We have to wear the school uniform.（客观规定）”“We must study hard.（主观认为必须）”“We can't / mustn't litter.（禁止行为，mustn't语气更强）”。正确区分和运用这些词，能准确表达不同程度的许可、必要性和禁止。 【基础练】 1. 用 can、have to、must、can't、mustn't 填空： ______ I bring my pet to school? No, you ______. We ______ follow the traffic rules when crossing the road. It's very important. You ______ finish your homework today because the teacher will check it tomorrow. 2. 翻译句子： 我们可以在餐厅里吃东西，但不能在教室里吃。 ____________________________________________________ 你必须按时到校，禁止迟到。 ____________________________________________________ 1. Can; can't。“Can I...?” 用于询问“我可以……吗？”，其否定回答用“No, you can't.”，所以第一空填“Can”，第二空填“can't” ，表示“我可以带我的宠物到学校吗？不，你不可以。” must。“must”侧重于主观上认为必须做某事，“We must follow the traffic rules when crossing the road.”意思是我们过马路时必须遵守交通规则，遵守交通规则是主观上认为很重要必须要做的事，所以填“must”。 have to。“have to”强调客观上的必要性，“You have to finish your homework today because the teacher will check it tomorrow.”因为老师明天要检查作业这个客观原因，所以今天不得不完成作业，所以填“have to”。 2. We can eat in the dining hall, but we can't eat in the classroom. You must arrive at school on time. You mustn't be late. ►:重难点3：询问和表达规则及原因的方式 【探索】 询问规则常用“Can we...?”的句型，回答用“Yes, we can.”或“No, we can't.”；表达规则时，用祈使句、can、have to/must、can't/mustn't引导的句子；说明遵守或不遵守规则的原因常用because引导的句子。例如，“Can we bring our phones to class? No, we can't. Because it will affect our study.（询问规则及回答，并说明原因）”“We must keep quiet in the library because others are reading.（表达规则并说明原因）”。掌握这些表达方式，有助于全面地交流和理解规则。 【基础练】 1. 按要求完成句子。 我们可以在教室里听音乐吗？（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 不，不可以。因为会打扰其他同学。（根据上句回答并说明原因，汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空并说明原因。 We ______ (must) run in the classroom. It's dangerous. You ______ (can) use your mobile phone in the exam. It's against the rules. 3. 情景写作。 请写出两条图书馆的规则，并分别说明原因。 ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 1. Can we listen to music in the classroom? No, we can't. Because it will disturb other classmates. 2. mustn't。原因：根据“It's dangerous.”可知在教室跑步很危险，所以是禁止的，“mustn't”表示禁止，而“must”表示必须，不符合语境。 can't。原因：从“It's against the rules.”可知在考试中使用手机违反规则，所以是不被允许的，“can't”表示不能，“can”表示能够、可以，不符合此处禁止的语境。 3. We must keep quiet in the library because it can provide a good reading environment for everyone.（我们必须在图书馆保持安静，因为这能为每个人提供一个良好的阅读环境。） We can't borrow more than three books at a time because there are many readers in the library and we need to ensure fair access to resources.（我们一次不能借超过三本书，因为图书馆有很多读者，我们需要确保资源的公平获取。） 基础过关 根据句意提示，填写出单词的适当形式。 1. We mustn't ______ (litter) in the park. It's everyone's duty to keep it clean. 2. You should be ______ (polite) and treat others with respect. 3. Can you ______ (bring) your homework to school tomorrow? 4. We can't eat snacks in class. We have to eat in the ______ (dine) hall. 5. Don't ______ (fight) with your classmates. It's not allowed at school. 6. You must keep your phones in the ______ (locker) when you are in class. 7. She is a ______ (help) girl. She always helps others when they are in trouble. 8. ______ (walk) in the hallway instead of running. It's safer. 9. You can't be ______ (noise) in the library. Everyone needs a quiet environment. 10. We should ______ (raise) our hands first if we want to ask a question in class. 11. You must ______ (tell) your teacher when you are absent from class. 12. We can't ______ (use) flash when taking photos in the museum. 13. He is very ______ (kind - ness). He often shares his things with his friends. 14. ______ (not jump) the queue. You should wait for your turn patiently. 15. We have to ______ (wear) uniforms on school days. 1. 答案：litter 解析：“mustn't”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，所以填“litter”，表示“乱扔垃圾”。 2. 答案：polite 解析：“be”动词后接形容词作表语，“polite”是“礼貌的”，“be polite”表示“有礼貌”，故填“polite”。 3. 答案：bring 解析：“Can”是情态动词，其后接动词原形，“bring”意为“带来”，所以填“bring”。 4. 答案：dining 解析：“dining hall”是固定短语，意为“餐厅”，所以填“dining”。 5. 答案：fight 解析：“Don't”引导的祈使句，后面接动词原形，“fight with”表示“与……打架”，因此填“fight”。 6. 答案：lockers 解析：“locker”是可数名词，根据语境，这里应该用复数形式“lockers”，表示“储物柜”，即把手机放在储物柜里。 7. 答案：helpful 解析：“girl”是名词，前面用形容词修饰，“help”的形容词形式是“helpful”，意为“有帮助的，乐于助人的”，所以填“helpful”。 8. 答案：Walk 解析：这是一个祈使句，以动词原形开头，“Walk”表示“走”，“Walk in the hallway instead of running”意思是在走廊里走而不是跑，所以填“Walk”。 9. 答案：noisy 解析：“be”动词后接形容词，“noise”的形容词形式是“noisy”，“be noisy”表示“吵闹的”，在图书馆不能吵闹，故填“noisy”。 10. 答案：raise 解析：“should”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，“raise one's hands”表示“举手”，所以填“raise”。 11. 答案：tell 解析：“must”是情态动词，后接动词原形，“tell”意为“告诉”，“tell your teacher”表示“告诉老师”，所以填“tell”。 12. 答案：use 解析：“can't”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，“use”表示“使用”，“can't use flash”表示不能使用闪光灯，所以填“use”。 13. 答案：kind 解析：“is”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，“kindness”是名词，其形容词形式是“kind”，“be kind”表示“和蔼的，友善的”，所以填“kind”。 14. 答案：Don't jump 解析：这是一个否定祈使句，以“Don't + 动词原形”开头，“jump the queue”表示“插队”，所以填“Don't jump”。 15. 答案：wear 解析：“have to”是情态动词短语，后面接动词原形，“wear”表示“穿”，“wear uniforms”表示“穿校服”，所以填“wear”。 能力提升 2、 完型填空。 A In our school, there are many rules. We must 1___________ to school on time. In class, we should listen to the teachers 2___________. We can't talk or play. We 3___________ eat in the classroom, but we can eat in the dining hall. After class, we can't 4___________ in the hallways. It's dangerous. Also, we have to 5___________ our classrooms clean. We take turns to sweep the floor and clean the desks. 1. A. arrives B. arrive C. arriving 2. A. careful B. carefully C. careless 3. A. can't B. can C. must 4. A. run B. running C. runs 5. A. keep B. makes C. takes 1. 答案：B 解析：“must”是情态动词，情态动词后面要接动词原形。“arrives”是第三人称单数形式，“arriving”是现在分词形式，只有“arrive”是动词原形，所以选B，“must arrive to school on time”表示“必须按时到校”。 2. 答案：B 解析：“listen to the teachers”（听老师讲课）是动词短语，需要用副词来修饰。“careful”是形容词，意为“小心的，仔细的”；“careless”是形容词，意为“粗心的”；“carefully”是副词，意为“仔细地，认真地”，所以这里应该用“carefully”，表示认真听老师讲课，选B。 3. 答案：A 解析：根据“but we can eat in the dining hall”（但是我们可以在餐厅吃饭）可知，前面表达的是不能在教室吃饭。“can't”表示“不能”；“can”表示“能够，可以”；“must”表示“必须”。所以这里选A，“can't eat in the classroom”表示不能在教室吃饭。 4. 答案：A 解析：“can't”是情态动词，后面要接动词原形。“running”是现在分词形式，“runs”是第三人称单数形式，“run”是动词原形，所以选A，“can't run in the hallways”表示不能在走廊跑。 5. 答案：A 解析：“have to”是情态动词短语，后面接动词原形。“makes”是第三人称单数形式，“takes”是第三人称单数形式，“keep”是动词原形，且“keep sth. + 形容词”表示“使某物保持某种状态”，“keep our classrooms clean”表示“保持我们的教室干净”，所以选A。 B At school, we have some important rules. First, we 1___________ wear our school uniforms every day. It shows our school spirit. Second, we 2___________ use mobile phones during class. The teachers think it will affect our study. Third, we should be 3___________ to each other. We can't fight. When we borrow something from others, we should say “please” and when we get help, we should say “4___________ ”. All these rules help us 5___________ better at school. 1. A. must B. can C. may 2. A. must B. mustn't C. can 3. A. rude B. kind C. angry 4. A. sorry B. hello C. thank you 5. A. study B. studying C. studies 1. 答案：A 解析：根据“It shows our school spirit.”（它展示了我们的学校精神）可知，每天穿校服是一种规定和要求。“must”表示“必须”，强调主观上认为有必要做某事，在这里符合语境；“can”表示“能够，可以”；“may”表示“可以，也许”，这两个词的语气不如“must”强烈，不能体现出穿校服的必要性。所以选A。 2. 答案：B 解析：由“The teachers think it will affect our study.”（老师认为这会影响我们的学习）可知，在课堂上使用手机是不被允许的。“mustn't”表示“禁止”，符合课堂上不能使用手机的语境；“must”表示“必须”，不符合文意；“can”表示“能够，可以”，也不符合要求。所以选B。 3. 答案：B 解析：根据“We can't fight.”（我们不能打架）以及上下文语境可知，此处应该是说我们应该彼此友好。“kind”意为“友善的，和蔼的”，“be kind to each other”表示“彼此友好”；“rude”意为“粗鲁的”；“angry”意为“生气的”，这两个词不符合此处积极的语境。所以选B。 4. 答案：C 解析：根据常识，当我们得到别人的帮助时，应该说“谢谢”。“thank you”表示“谢谢”；“sorry”表示“对不起”；“hello”表示“你好”。所以选C。 5. 答案：A 解析：“help sb. do sth.”是固定用法，意为“帮助某人做某事”，所以这里要用动词原形“study”。“studying”是现在分词形式；“studies”是第三人称单数形式。所以选A。 冲刺突破 三、阅读理解 A In our school, there are strict rules. Students must arrive at school before 8:00 am. If you are late, you need to stand outside the classroom and say sorry to the teacher. In class, you have to listen carefully. Don't talk with your classmates or play with your stationery. When the teacher asks a question, you should raise your hand. You can't eat in the classroom, but you can eat in the school cafeteria. Remember to clean up after you finish eating. Also, you must keep your desks and the classroom clean. Don't draw on the desks or throw litter on the floor. After class, you can play in the playground, but don't run in the hallways. It's dangerous. You can't bring your mobile phone to school. If you bring it, the teacher will take it away. 1. What time must students arrive at school? A. Before 7:00 am. B. Before 8:00 am. C. Before 9:00 am. D. Before 10:00 am. 2. What can't students do in class? A. Listen carefully. B. Talk with classmates. C. Raise hands. D. Answer the teacher's questions. 3. Where can students eat? A. In the classroom. B. In the hallway. C. In the cafeteria. D. In the playground. 4. What must students do after eating in the cafeteria? A. Draw on the desks. B. Throw litter on the floor. C. Clean up. D. Bring mobile phones. 5. Why can't students run in the hallways? A. Because it's boring. B. Because it's dangerous. C. Because the teacher doesn't like it. D. Because it's not allowed by the school rules. 1. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“Students must arrive at school before 8:00 am.”可知，学生必须在上午8点之前到达学校。A选项“上午7点之前”、C选项“上午9点之前”、D选项“上午10点之前”均不符合原文，所以选B。 2. 答案：B 解析：由文中“In class, you have to listen carefully. Don't talk with your classmates or play with your stationery. When the teacher asks a question, you should raise your hand.”可知，在课堂上要认真听讲，不能和同学交谈或玩文具，老师提问时应该举手。A选项“认真听讲”是应该做的；C选项“举手”符合规定；D选项“回答老师的问题”也没问题；而B选项“和同学交谈”是不允许的，所以选B。 3. 答案：C 解析：从文中“You can't eat in the classroom, but you can eat in the school cafeteria.”可知，学生不能在教室吃东西，但是可以在学校食堂吃。A选项“在教室”不可以；B选项“在走廊”文中未提及可以在此吃东西；D选项“在操场”也不是吃东西的地方，所以选C。 4. 答案：C 解析：根据“Remember to clean up after you finish eating.”可知，吃完饭后要记得清理干净。A选项“在桌子上画画”，这是不允许的行为，且与吃完饭后的要求无关；B选项“在地板上扔垃圾”也是不被允许的；D选项“带手机”与饭后行为无关；所以选C。 5. 答案：B 解析：由“After class, you can play in the playground, but don't run in the hallways. It's dangerous.”可知，学生不能在走廊上跑是因为这很危险。A选项“因为这很无聊”不符合原文；C选项“因为老师不喜欢”不是主要原因；D选项“因为这是学校规则不允许的”，规则不允许是因为有危险，最根本原因是危险，所以选B。 B Our class has some special rules. We need to wear a name tag every day so that everyone can know our names easily. When we do group work, we must listen to others' ideas. Don't interrupt others when they are speaking. We have to keep our classroom tidy. Everyone should take turns to clean the blackboard and sweep the floor. If you find any waste paper on the floor, you should pick it up at once. During PE class, we must follow the teacher's instructions. Don't do dangerous actions. And we can't leave the playground without the teacher's permission. 1. Why do students need to wear a name tag? A. Because it looks cool. B. Because everyone can know their names easily. C. Because the teacher asks them to do so. D. Because it's a school - wide rule. 2. What should students do during group work? A. Interrupt others when they are speaking. B. Only listen to their own ideas. C. Listen to others' ideas. D. Argue with others. 3. What does “take turns” mean in Chinese? A. 轮流 B. 转身 C. 依次 D. 顺便 4. What must students do during PE class? A. Do dangerous actions. B. Leave the playground without permission. C. Follow the teacher's instructions. D. Play freely without any rules. 5. What should students do if they see waste paper on the floor? A. Step on it. B. Ignore it. C. Pick it up. D. Kick it away. 1. 答案：B 解析：根据文中“We need to wear a name tag every day so that everyone can know our names easily.”可知，学生需要每天戴名牌是为了让每个人都能容易地知道他们的名字。A选项“因为它看起来很酷”，文中未提及；C选项“因为老师要求这么做”，文中说的是戴名牌的目的是方便大家知道名字，并非单纯因为老师要求；D选项“因为这是全校性的规定”，文章只说班级有此规定，未提及全校。所以选B。 2. 答案：C 解析：由文中“When we do group work, we must listen to others' ideas. Don't interrupt others when they are speaking.”可知，在小组合作时，学生必须倾听别人的想法，不能打断别人说话。A选项“当别人说话时打断他们”，与原文不符；B选项“只听他们自己的想法”，不符合文意；D选项“和别人争吵”，文中未提及小组合作时要争吵。所以选C。 3. 答案：A 解析：“Everyone should take turns to clean the blackboard and sweep the floor.”意思是每个人都应该“轮流”擦黑板和扫地。“take turns”常见意思是“轮流”，B选项“转身”，C选项“依次”（“依次”更强调顺序，“轮流”更侧重循环交替做某事），D选项“顺便”，都不符合语境。所以选A。 4. 答案：C 解析：根据“During PE class, we must follow the teacher's instructions. Don't do dangerous actions. And we can't leave the playground without the teacher's permission.”可知，在体育课上，学生必须听从老师的指示，不能做危险动作，没有老师允许不能离开操场。A选项“做危险动作”，与原文相悖；B选项“未经允许离开操场”，不符合规定；D选项“没有任何规则自由玩耍”，与文中提到要遵循老师指示不符。所以选C。 5. 答案：C 解析：从“If you find any waste paper on the floor, you should pick it up at once.”可知，如果在地板上发现任何废纸，应该立刻捡起来。A选项“踩在上面”，B选项“忽略它”，D选项“踢走它”，都不符合文中要求。所以选C。 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$