Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling 单元知识梳理-2024-2025学年八年级英语下期易错易混考点精讲精练(仁爱版)

2025-03-06
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Unit6 Enjoying Cycling 单元知识梳理 Unit6 topic1 We’re going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai. 考点 1. receive v. 收到,得到 receive作动词,意为“收到,接到,受到”,表示客观上收到,常用短语:receive sth. from sb.表示“收到某人某物”的意思。 He received a letter from his father. 他收到父亲的一封来信。 在中考中,重点考查receive和from的固定搭配,及其和相近词组的区别。 accept意为“接受”,主要表示主观上接受。 考点2. push v.﹠n. 推 push作动词,意为“推动,推开”,反义词是pull,意为“拉动”。 You push while I pull. 你推我拉。 We pushed through the crowd. 我们挤过人群。 在中考中,重点考查push的基本用法,和固定词组搭配。 push one’s way out表示“推进(道路);挤开”的意思。 考点3. experience n. 经历;经验 (1)experience表示“经历,阅历”时,是可数名词。 My trip to Beijing is a great experience. 我的北京之行是一次很好的经历。 (2)experience表示“经验,体验”时,是不可数名词。 He has three years’ experience of teaching English. 他有三年的英语教学经验。 在中考中,重点考查experience表示“经历”和“经验”时,用法的不同。即:experience表示“经历”的意思时,是可数名词,当表示“经验”的意思时,是不可数名词。 考点 4.动词不定式短语作定语 I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语, 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 e.g. I have nothing to talk about. 我没什么要说的。 考点 5.a three-day visit For our spring field trip, we’re going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai. 这次春游活动,我们将要去泰山三天。 spring field trip 春游; a three-day visit为期三天的参观。数词+名词的单数构成形容词作定语, 类似的短语还有:girls’ 800-meter race.女子八百米赛跑; 3)go on a visit to.... 去旅游/参观; e.g. We went on a visit to The Great Wall last term. 上学期我们去长城参观了。 考点 6.make a decision做个决定 Let’s make the decision together. 让我们一起来做个决定。 make a decision做个决定;decision 作名词,意为“决定”,其的动词是decide。 常用结构: decide to do sth. 决定做某事; e.g. He made a decision to look for a new job。= He decided to look for a new job. 他决定去找份新工作。 考点 7.find out 7. Let’s find out some information about the cost. 让我们去查查有关付费用的资料吧。 1)find out发现,查出真相; e.g. Can you find out the truth about it? 你能查出事情的真相吗? 区分find, find out, look for: A. find找到,发现,通常指找到或发现具体的东西,强调找的结果。 e.g. I can’t find my shoes. 我找不到鞋子了。 B. find out找出,发现,查明,多指通过调查询问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚,弄明白”,通常含有困难曲折的过程。 e.g. We may never find out the truth about what happened. 我们也许永远无法弄清发生了什么事。 C. look for寻找,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。 e.g. I’m looking for my keys. I can’t find them. 我在寻找我的钥匙。我找不到它们。 考点 8.decide on 8. Bring your information tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to travel on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的资料带来,我们再决定最好的春游方式。 A. decide on/upon 决定,选定; e.g. We’re trying to decide on a school.我们正在设法选定一个学校。 B. decide to do sth.决定要做某事; e.g. He decides to visit the Mount Huang this summer holiday. 暑假他决定要参观黄山。 2)the best way to do... 做……的最好方式,这里的动词作前面名词的定语。 e.g. The best way to keep healthy is to do more exercises. 保持健康的最好方式是多做运动。 How long does it cost to get to Mount Tai by……?乘……去泰山要花多长时间? How much does it take to go there by……?乘……去那里要花多少钱? Where do you plan to visit? 你计划去哪儿参观? plan作动词,意为“计划”。常用结构: plan to do sth.。 plan还可以作名词,意为“计划”。 常用短语有: make a plan ( for sth.) (为某事)制定计划; have a plan 有一个计划; e.g. We plan to go to America this year. 我们打算今年去美国。 You’d better make a plan for the new term. 你最好为新学期制定一个计划。 考点 9.cost 9. How much does it cost to get there? 到那儿花费了多少钱? cost在这里作动词,意为“需付费,价格为”,其主语是物。 常用结构: sth. + costs+ sb. + sth.+ to do sth. e.g. It cost me ten yuan to buy a hamburger. 我花了十块钱买一个汉堡。 cost还可以作名词,意为“费用,花费,价钱”。 e.g. They can’t afford the high cost of housing. 他们负担不起住房的高昂费用。 区别cost, take, spend, pay: cost的主语是物或某种活动,常用结构:sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱; e.g. A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 take的主语是物,It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间; e.g. It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 pay的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构: (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……; e.g. I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 (2) pay for sth. 付……的钱; e.g. I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 D. spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构: (1) spend time / money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱); e.g. I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事; e.g. They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。 考点 10.borrow Borrow money from friends. 从朋友那儿借钱。 borrow sth. from sb.从某人中借来某事物,相对于主语来说是借进来东西。 e.g. Can I borrow some books from you?我能从你那儿借些书吗? lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人。相对于主语来说是借出去。 e.g. Can you lend your pen to me?你能把你的铅笔借给我吗? 考点 11.eacn It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。 A. each 作主语,谓语用单数。 e.g. Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.每个学生花一美元买一张票。 B. each 用于单数名词前,作定语,谓语用单数。 e.g. Each student has their own e-mail address. 每个学生都有自己的邮箱地址。 C. 用于复数主语后,作主语同位语,谓语用复数。 e.g. They each have their own e-mail address. 他们有自己的邮箱地址。 A. draw既可作名词也可作动词,作名词时,意为“抽签”。 e.g. The draw for the second round of the World Cup 世界杯足球赛第二轮抽签; B. draw作动词时,意为“抽签”。其过去式和过去分词分别是: drew, drawn。 e.g. Before playing cards we drew for partners.我们在玩纸牌之前,用抓牌的方式决定游戏伙伴。 C. draw 作动词,还可以意为“绘画”。 e.g. I can draw. 我会画画。 考点 12.enough 6. Many of us didn’t have enough money, so Michael advised us to raise money, such as putting on a show, and selling flowers and old books. 我们中许多人没有足够的前,因此迈克尔建议我们做一些筹钱活动,比如办展览、卖花、旧书。 enough作形容词,意思是"足够的;充分的",常与for或不定式连用,可以作定语或表语。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可,前置时强调enough,后置时强调被修饰词。 e.g. Five men will be quite enough. 五个人就足够了。 I hope there are enough glasses for each guest. 我希望这里有足够的杯子给每位客人。 enough作副词的意思是 "十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地",置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后,常与不定式或介词for连用 ,在句子中作状语,表示程度。 e.g. This article is difficult enough to write.这篇文章够难写得了。 advise v. 建议;常用结构:advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事;其名词形式: advice,是不可数名词。 e.g. I advised her to lose weight,but she didn't take my advice. 我建议她减肥,但是她不接受我的建议。 A. raise在这里意为“筹集,召集”。 raise an army 招募军队; raise money 筹钱; e.g. We are raising money for the project Hope. 我们正在为希望工程筹钱。 B. raise 意为“饲养,种植”。 raise cows 养牛; raise corn 种植玉米; e.g. We raise some ducks on the farm. 我们在农场养了些鸭子。 C. raise 还可以意为”提升,举起,提起“,是一个及物动词(vt.),后面必须接宾语。 rise也表示“升起”,但其是不及物动词(vi.),后面不能加宾语。 e.g. He raised a hand in greeting. 他扬起手致敬。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 put on 在这里意为“上演,上映”,还可以意为“穿上”。 What dress shall I put on for the meeting? 我穿什么衣服去开会? 考点 13.look forward to 7. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望收到你的来信。 1)look forward to意为“期待,盼望”,其中to是介词,不是不定式符号,后面应接名词、名词性词组、代词或动名词,且常用于进行时。 e.g. I’m really looking forward to our vacation. 我非常期待假期的到来。 2)hear from sb.=get a letter, telephone call, etc. from sb.= receive a letter, telephone call, etc. from sb. 收到某人的来信、电话等。 It was snowing when we got to the top.当我们到达山顶时,正在下雪。 1)get to the top 到达山顶; 2)get to = reach = arrive in (+ 大地点)/at(+小地点) 到达某地; 考点 14.so.... that... I was so excited that I didn’t feel cold at all. 我太激动了以至于一点儿也没觉得冷。 so.... that... 意为“如此……以至于……”;其结构式: so + 形容词/副词 + that + 状语从句; e.g. He was so happy that he danced in the street. 他太高兴了,以至于在街上跳舞。 The weather was pleasant.天气很舒适。 考点 15.sometimes During our trip, in the evening, I sometimes went swimming in the pool while my best friend, Kelly, always went shopping. 在旅途中,晚上我有时去游泳池游泳,而我的好朋友凯莉总是去购物。 区别: sometimes, some times, sometime, some time A. sometimes为副词,意思为“有时”,可用于句首、句中或句末,在句中作状语。 e.g. Sometimes he goes to the cinema on Sunday.星期天他有时去看电影。 B. some times是词组,意思为“几次,几倍”,其中的times为可数名词的复数形式。 e.g. He has been to Beijing for some times before.他以前去过北京几次。 C. sometime指某个不明确的时间,意思为“某个时候”。 e.g. We’ll take our holiday sometime in August.我们将在八月的某个时候度假。 D. some time指某一段时间,其中的time为不可数名词,意思为“时间”。 e.g. I spend some time practicing speaking English every day.我每天花一些时间练习说英语。 A. while 用于对比两件事物,意为“而,然而……”。 e.g. I like swimming, while my brother likes watching TV at home.我喜欢游泳,而我的哥哥喜欢在家看电视。 B. while 引导时间状语从句时,意为“在……期间,当……的时候,与……同时”。 e.g. You can go swimming while I’m having lunch. 我吃午饭时,你可以去游泳。 Topic 2 How about exploring Tian’anmen Square? 1. 重点句型。 Section A 1. Glad to receive your postcard. 很高兴收到你的明信片。 ① receive 作动词,意为“收到,接到,受到”,表示客观上收到,常用短语:receive sth. From sb. 收到某人某物。 ② accept 意为“接受”,表示主观上接受。 如: Nick received a letter from his father. 尼克收到父亲的一封来信。 I received his invitation but didn’t accept it. 我收到了他的请帖,但不接受邀请 2. While you were enjoying your trip to Mount Tai, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在享受泰山之旅时,我正忙着准备考试。 (1)be busy doing sth.忙于做某事,后面还可接名词,即be busy with sth.忙于某事。 如: I am busy doing my homework. = I am busy with my homework. 我忙于做作业。 (2)连词while 意为“当……时候,和……同时”,在此引导的从句或主句中的谓语必须用延续性动词,强调主句和从句的动作同时进行。 如: The accident happened while we are having dinner. 故事发生时,我们正在吃饭。 I was doing my homework while mom was cooking. = While mom was cooking, I was doing my homework.妈妈做饭时,我在做作业。 时间状语从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后(需要注意的是:从句在前面时,主从句之间要用逗号隔开) 【辨析】 when和as也表示“当……时候” ① when 有两种不同用法:第一,和while一样,when可以搭配延续性动词;第二,when相当于at the time“就在那一刻”,后接短暂性动词,与主句动作有先后之分。如: (用法一)Eric was listening to music when / while he was doing his homework. 埃里克一边做作业,一边听音乐。 (用法二)It began to rain when he got home.当他到家时,天开始下雨了。 ② as 多用于口语,A. 强调at the same time.不指动作先后,而指同时发生,尤指短暂性动作或事件同时发生。 B. 说明两种正在发展或变化的情况。 如: (A) Ann came along as she sang. 安边唱歌边走过来。 (B) It’s getting colder and colder as winter comes. 随着冬天的到来,天气越来越冷了。 (3)prepare for(doing)sth 准备(做)某事; 如: The students are preparing for the coming exams. 学生正在准备即将到来的考试。 3. But now I ‘m on vacation. 但我现在在度假。 on在这里指“处于……情况或状态”。 这种用法常见短语:on holiday 在度假; on sale 热销中; on business 在出差; on line 在线 4. I’m looking forward to meeting him. 我盼着与他见面。 look forward to +(doing/ n./ pron.) 意为“期待,盼望”,to 是介词,后面可加名词(n.)、代词(pron.)或动名词 (doing); 如: He is looking forward to going abroad. 他期待去国外。 5. I’d like you to meet with me when he arrives. 我想要你在他到达时和我一起去见他。 当when引导的时间状语从句是将要发生的动作时,应用一般现在时代替一般现在将来时,其他连词引导的时间状语从句也是如此。(即主将从现) 如: I’ll call you when he comes tomorrow. 他明天来的时候我会给你打个电话。 When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse.    我长大后要当一名护士。 6. Would you help me make a plan to explore Beijing before he comes? 在他来之前,你能帮我制订一个探索北京的计划吗? to explore Beijing 不定式作定语修饰 a plan. (1) Would you 比will you 语气更加客气,委婉, 类似还有:could you.......? 如: Could you come along with us ? 你要和我们一起吗? (2) ① make a plan to do sth.制订计划做某事; 如: The boy made a plan to visit around the world. 男孩制订了一个环游全世界的计划。 ② make a plan for sth.为某事制订计划; 如:I made a plan for my summer vacation. 我为我的暑假制订了一个计划。 (3) explore 动词, 意为“考察(某地区),探险,勘察”; 如: He went out to explore.他出去考察了。 explorer 名词,意为“探险家,探测者”; 如: She want to be an explorer when she grows up. 当她长大后,她想成为一名探险家。 6. That would be very interesting. 那将会很有趣。 would意为“一定会;就会”,是情态动词,后接动词原形,表示猜测。 如: She would look nice with short hair. 她留短发会很好看。 7. Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗? (P36) (1) ①. Would 与you 连用表示请求或要求;won’t you加强邀请的语气。但would 比will语气更加客气,委婉。 如: Will you come this way, please? 请这边走好吗? Won’t you coming in and take a seat? 你怎么不进来找个位子坐下? ② Will you....? 和 Would you....? 在表达“请求”时用法完全一样,其答语也相同。只是后者更有礼貌。 如: —Will /Would you have some more tea? 再喝点茶,好吗? —Yes, please. 好的。 / No, thank you. 不,谢谢。 (2)trip 作可数名词,意为“旅行,旅程”。 动词短语 plan a trip 意为“制定旅行计划”。 8. Could/ Can you come along with us? 你和我们一起来好吗? (P36) (1)在表达请求别人做某事常用can/ could,could 更礼貌。肯定回答时用:can/may, 不用could。 如: —Could/ Can I ask you a question, Mr. Lee?李老师,我可以问你一个问题吗? —Yes, of course you can. 当然可以。 (2)come along (with…) 意为“随同,跟随,和……一起来,进展” 如: Ray had some work to finish and decided to come along later. 雷还有些工作要做完,决定迟点儿再来。 Would you like to come along with us . 你愿意跟我们一起吗? 9. Shall we take him here?我们带他去那儿好吗?(P36) ① shall和 will 都用与一般将来时,但shall 只用于第一人称。 ② Shall we/I.....?表示向对方征求意见,提出建议,意为“……好吗?” 如: Shall we go swimming tomorrow? 我们明天去游泳好吗? 10. Diana and Lily should work out the cost carefully for the holiday. 戴安娜和莉莉为假期应该仔细计算费用。 work out 算出,解决,计算出,找出……的答案; 如: Can you work out the problem?你能解决这个问题吗? △ Key Point: While you were enjoying your trip to Mount Tai, I was busy preparing for my exams.和 I’d like you to meet him with me when he arrives. 为什么第一句用while,第二句用when,可替换吗? ①while后面跟的动词是enjoy(持续性动词),when后面跟的动词是arrive(短暂性动词),所以while可以用when来代替,但when不能用while代替。While只能搭配延续性动词,when两种都能搭配。 ②延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如:learn, work, walk, sing, wait, live等 短暂性动词指不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后便立即结束。如:open, close, begin, come, go, buy, borrow, lend, finish等 ③ 延续性动词要和时间段连用;短暂性动词在肯定句种只能与表示时间点的状语连用。 8 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 Section B 1. 2. It covers 440000 square meters. 它占地面积为44万平方米。 (1)cover 动词,有多层含义: ①掩饰,遮盖; 如: She covered her face with her hands. 她双手掩面。 ②覆盖; 如:Snow covered the ground. 大雪覆盖了大地。 ③占(一片面积); 如: Our school covers about 1000 square meters. 我们学校占地大约一千平方米。 (2)square meter 平方米; 3. It’s 880 meters long from north to south and 500 meters wide from east to west. 它南北长880米,东西宽500米。 (1)英语长、宽、高、深表达方法:基数词+长度单位+long/wide/high/deep 意为:“多少(米)长/宽/高/深”;如: three meters long 三米长; 10 meters high 10米高; 0.6 meters wide 0.6米宽 one meter deep 一米深 The desk is about 1.2 meters long. 这张课桌大约1.2米长。 试比较以下两句话: The boy is 10 years old. 这个男孩10岁 He is a 10-year-old boy.这是个10岁的男孩。 (2)from ..... to...... 从……到……; 4. It can hold one million people. 可以容纳100万人。 (1) hold在此处意为“容纳,包含”; 如: The plane holds about 300 passengers.这架飞机可容纳大约300个乘客。 (2) hold还可表示“拿着,抓住,抱住”; 如: She was holding the baby in her arms.她抱着婴儿。 (3) hold 还可意为“举行,进行”; 如: Beijing is holding the 9th International Garden Expo.北京正在举行第九届国际园艺博览会。 5. In the north of the square, we can see Tian’anmen Rostrum. 在广场北端,我们可以看到天安门城楼。 in the +方位名词+of… 指在某一范围之内的地区。 如:Beijing is in the north part of China.(在内部) to the +方位名词+of… 指互不接壤且互不管辖的两个地区。 Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国东边。(不接壤) on the +方位名词+of… 指相互接壤但互不管辖的两个地区 Shangdong is on the northeast of Henan. 山东在河南的东北部。(接壤) 6. The square must be quite meaningful to all Chinese people. 这个广场对于所有的中国人来说一定意义重大。 1 must在此表示肯定推测,意为“一定是,准是”。 如: The light is on. She must be at home. 灯亮着,她一定在家。 2 may表示推测时可能性较小。 如: It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 3 can表示推测时,多用于否定句或疑问句。 如:That can't be Mary—She's in hospital. 那不可能是玛丽。她在住院。 7. I can’t wait to see it. 我迫不及待地想看了。 can't wait 表示一种迫切心情,意为“多么想,等不及”,后面一般接动词不定式: can’t wait to do sth. 等不及做某事 如: He couldn't wait to open the box. 他迫不及待地打开盒子。 8. How far is it from here to Tian’anmen Square? 这里离天安门广场多远? (1)how far 用来询问距离、路程;it代之距离,常用:How far is it from A to B? ……多远?来提问两地之间的距离。 【辨析】 How long ...... 也指……多远?  但是是对时间段或长度的提问。 如:—How long does it take to get to your house? 到你家需要多久?   —Twenty minutes.  20分钟 。 —How far does is it from your house to our school? 我们学校离你家有多远? —Three kilometers.  3公里 。     (2) 路程表达有两种方式: A .用长度单位表达。 如: It’s 1000 kilometers away from Shanghai.这离上海有1000千米 B.用时间表达。 如: It’s about twenty minutes’ walk from my home to my school. 从我家到学校步行大约需要20分钟。 9. It’s about one and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要一个半小时。 “几个半”表示方法:基数词+and+ a half +n.= 基数词 +n. + and +a half. one and a half hours = one hour and a half 一个半小时; 如: It took me three and a half hours to finish the housework. = It took me three hours and a half to finish the housework. 我花了三个半小时做完家务。 【链接】 文中one and a half hours by bike也可以表达为:one and a half hours’ (bike) ride. ten minutes on food = ten minutes’ walk步行十分钟的路程 10. The chairman Mao Memorial Hall lies to the southeast of the Great Hall of the People while it lies to the southwest of the National Museum.毛主席纪念堂位于人民大会堂东南端,国家博物馆西南。 (1)① lie意为“位于,坐落于”,其动名词形式为lying,过去式为lay. 如: Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。 ② lie还可以表示“躺,平卧”;如:There was a child lying on the ground. 地上躺着一个小孩。 ③ lie也意为“平放”。 如:Clothes were lying all over the floor. 地上到处堆放着衣服。 (2)表示方位的介词区别: ① lie/be .to .the +方位词 + of…. 指互不接壤且不管辖的两个地区。 如:Japan lies/is to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。(不接壤) ② lie/be .in .the +方位词 + of…. 指在某一个范围之内的地区。 如: China lies/is in the east of Asia.中国位于亚洲东部。(在内部) ③ lie/be .on .the +方位词 + of…. 指互相接壤但互不管辖的两地区。(相接壤) 如: North Korea is on the northeast of China.朝鲜在中国的东北面。(相接壤) △ in,to,on三者在表示方位时的不同:in表示在内部,to表示不接壤,on表示接壤。如台湾在中国内部用in,广州和北京不接壤用to,湖南湖北两省接壤用on Section C 1. The parking lot was full of tour buses, cars and bicycles, so they had to look for space to park their bicycles. 停车场停满了旅游巴士、汽车和自行车,所以他们只好去找地方停他们的自行车。 (1)be full of 充满,装满,与be filled with 同义。 如: The classroom is full of students. = The classroom is filled with students. 学生装满了整个教室。 (2)park 作名词,意为“公园”;如: There is a park near my home. 我家附近有一个公园。 park 作动词,意为“停放(车辆);泊(车)”;如: He found a place to park his car. 他找到一个地方停车。 (3)space 作不可数名词,意为“(可利用的) 空间,地方” 如:That desk takes up too much space.那张桌子占地太大 room作不可数名词时,意为“空间”,与space同义,可互换。 如: There is no room/space on the bus. 公交车上一点空也没有。 (4)look for 意为“寻找”,强调动作。find 意为“找到”强调结果。 如: I looked for my watch here and there, but I couldn't find it. 我到处找我的手表,但是我没找到。 2. After parking their bicycles, they walked to Tian’anmen Square.在停好自行车后,他们步行到天安门广场。 当after引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往可以用“after+动词ing”的形式替代该状语从句。如: After finishing my homework,I went out.我做完作业后,就出去了! (句中Finish和go的主语相同都是I) 当由when,while,if,though,after,before,as等引导的时间状语从句中,从句的主语和主句的主语相同时可以用“连词+动词ing”的形式替代该状语从句。如: When coming into the room(= When I came into the room),I saw him. 当我进入房间的时候,我看到了他。 While waiting there(While he waited there), he saw a pretty girl. 当他在哪里等待的时候,他看见了一个漂亮的女孩。 3. Darren and Michael were surprised at Tian’anmen Square. 达伦和迈克尔对天安门广场(的宏伟壮观)感到很惊叹。 be surprised at... 对……感到惊奇; 如: He is surprised at dragons. 他对龙感到惊奇。 be surprised to do... 惊奇地(做)……;如: She was surprised to find she was lost. 她惊奇地发现自己迷路了。 4. While the crowd was pushing Darren in all directions, someone stepped on his feet.人群把达伦挤得东倒西歪,有人踩了他的脚 (1)crowd n. 意为“人群,观众”。如:A small crowd arrived at the top of hill. 一小群人到达山顶了。 adj. 意为“人多的,拥挤的” 如:In spring,the place is very crowded. 春天这地方很拥挤。 (2) push v. 意为“挤来挤去;推开;推动”。反义词是pull “拉;扯”。 如:You push while I pull. 你推我拉。 push one’s way out 意为“推进(道路);挤开”。 如:I pushed my way out and got to the front.我挤到前面去了。 (3)direction n. 意为“方向,方位”,常和in搭配,如下: in the direction of… 意为“朝……方向”。 Tom went off in the direction of the post office. 汤姆朝邮局方向去了。 in all directions 四面八方; When the police arrived, the crowd ran away in all directions.警察赶到后,人们便向四处散开了 (4) ① step v. “踩,踏,行走” step on sth. 踏,踩某物; step on one`s feet踩了某人的脚; 如: Don’t step on the flowers and grass. 不要践踏花草。 He opened the door and stepped out. 他打开们,走出去 ② step可以作名词,表示“步伐;脚步;步骤‘台阶;距离”。 如: He walked with a quick light step. 他迈着轻快的步子走着。 It’s only a few steps further. 再走几步就到了。 I’ll explain it to you step by step. 我来一步一步地给你解释 4. There you are! 你原来在这儿! 这是个倒装句,表达一种“惊讶”的语气。here和there常用来引导倒装句,其结构为:Here / There +代词+动词 或者 Here / There +代词+名词。 如:Here it is!它竟然在这儿! Here comes the bus! 公车来了! 5. When Darren finally pushed his way out, he couldn’t find his friends. 当达伦最终挤出人群时,他找不到他的两个朋友了。 push one’s way out 挤出去; 如:When I finally pushed my way out, I couldn’t find my parents. 当我终于从人群中挤出来时,我却找不到我的父母。 6. He was too worried to think about what to do.他太着急了以至于想不出该怎么办。 (1)too + adj. + to do sth. = not + adj. + enough + to do sth. 太……以至于……;太……而不能…… 如: The girl is too young to look after herself. = The girl isn’t old enough to look after herself. 这个女孩太小了而照顾不了自己。 【辨析】 think about,,think of, think over ① think about 和 think of:这两个短语表示“考虑”、“对……有某种看法”时,可以互换。 例如:  They're thinking about(of)buying a new car.他们正在考虑买一辆新车。 ② think of:有关心、为...着想的意思,经常关心他人。表示打算、想出、关心等意义,一般不与think about互换。  例如: Helen,are you thinking of marrying Tom?海伦,你打算和汤姆结婚吗? You think of everything! 你全都提到了。 ③think about:含有思考、研究的意思,指对他人说过的话进行思考。表示经常思考、研究的意思时不和think of换用。 例如: I'll think about your suggestion,and give you an answer tomorrow.我要考虑一下你的建议,明天给你答复。   ④ think (sth.) over:指“仔细想,审慎思考,作进一步考虑”。 例如: Please think over what I said. 请仔细考虑我说的话。 I want to think it over. 我想仔细考虑一下这件事 7. He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字,他才抬起头。 (1)until 意为:直到……为止 not…until… 意为:直到……才……; ☆ until引导时间状语从句。主句中的谓语动词是非持续性动词,until与not连用; 但如果主句的谓语动词是持续性动词(非瞬间动词),如live, wait, last, love, like, stay, work, continue等,until 不与not 连用,意为“直到……为止”。 也就是: ①当until 用于肯定句中时,意为“直到……为止”,此时主句中的谓语动词应用持续性动词。 例如: We waited in the park until the rain stopped.我们在公园一直等到雨停。 ②当until与not连用时,主句中的谓语动词必须是非持续性动词。 如: We didn’t leave the park until the rain stopped. 我们直到雨停了才离开公园。 另外:注意比较下列肯定句和否定句谓语动词发生的先后顺序: A. I watched TV until my father came back. 我看电视看到爸爸回来 B. I didn’t go home until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了我才回家。 A中watch TV发生早,B中go home 发生晚;所以肯定形式中主句动作发生早,否定形式中主句动作发生晚 (2)raise one’s head 抬头 raise one’s hand 举手 raise the national flag 升国旗 8. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped around happily. 三个男孩一见面,就高兴得跳了起来。 as soon as 意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。 如: Please call me as soon as you get there.你一到那儿就给我打电话。 9. While they were enjoying exploring, the crowd of people became larger and larger. 当他们兴致勃勃地游览时,人群变得更加拥挤了。(P40) (1)enjoy + doing 喜欢做某事,享受做某事;如: I enjoy running in my spare time. 在我闲暇时间,我喜欢跑步。 (2)become larger and larger 变得越来越多,变得越来越大; 11. I’d like to tell you about my travel experiences. 我想把我的旅行经历告诉你。(P40) experience n. 作可数名词,意为“经历,阅历”如:My trip to Beijing is a great experience. 我的北京之旅是一次很好的经历 作不可数名词,意为“经验”。 如:Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师 Leo has three years’ experience of teaching English. 利奥有三年的英语教学经验。 12. It’s famous for its beautiful mountains, forests and lakes. 它以美丽的山川、森林和湖泊而出名。(P40) be famous for 因……而出名; be famous as 作为……身份而出名; 如: Huangbo is famous as an actor. He is famous for his movie Crazy Stone. 13. We had a two-day trip and took a lot of photos.我们有两天的旅程,照了好多照片。(P40) a two-day trip 意为“ 一次两天的旅行”; 中间的two-day为复合形容词,后不能加“s”。 14. They were very cute and we couldn’t help watching them.它们太可爱了,我们都忍不住观看起它们来。(P40) can’t help doing sth 禁不住/忍不住做某事; 如: She can’t help crying when she hears the news. 当听到这个消息时,她情不自禁地哭了。 Section D 1. While we were having fun exploring, I found that Darren was lost. 当我们兴致勃勃地游览时,我发现达伦不见了。 (1)have fun (in) doing sth. 高兴地做某事,兴致勃勃地做某事 have fun exploring 意为“从考察中获得乐趣”。 如: He is having fun drawing. 他证开心的画画。 (2)be lost “遗失,丢失” 如: My purse was lost last week. 我的钱包上周丢了。 2. We looked for him everywhere. 我们到处寻找他。 everywhere adv. 意为“到处,处处”,可用here and there 替换。 如: His dog follows him everywhere. 他的狗处处跟着他。 【链接】 somewhere,anywhere (1)somewhere ① adv. “在某处,到某处” 如: I can’t find my glasses. I must put it somewhere in the room。我找不到我的眼镜,我一定是放在这个房间的某处了。 ② n. “某个地方” 常用于肯定句以及表示邀请希望得到堆放肯定回答的疑问句。 如 It’s very hot here. Would you like to go somewhere cool with me? 这里很热,你愿意跟我去一个凉快的地方吗? (2)anywhere ① adv. “在任何地方,无论何处” 如: Can you see his English book anywhere? 你有在哪里看到他的英语书吗? ②n. “任何地方”。常用于否定句或疑问句。 如: Don’t spit anywhere in public.公共场所不要随地吐痰。 3. We even asked a policeman for help. 我们甚至还请警察帮忙。 ask sb. for sth. 向某人要求或索要某物 ask sb. for help 向某人求助 如: Tom is always asking me for money. 汤姆总是向我要钱。 【链接】 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人(去做某事); ask for help 寻求帮助; ask for trouble自讨苦吃; ask about 咨询 Topic 3 Bicycle riding is good exercise. 2. 重点句型。 Section A 1. You’ll get used to it soon. 你很快就会习惯的。 A. be/get used to sth. 习惯,适应; B. get/be used to doing sth.习惯于做……; C. used to do sth.过去常常做某事(现在不做了); D. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事; 2. When I arrived, I was afraid of riding my bike anywhere. 我刚来的时候,到任何地方都不敢骑自行车。 A. be afraid of doing sth.,可与be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 转换。 e.g. The little boy is afraid of touching the fire again. =The little boy is afraid to touch the fire again.那男孩再也不敢碰火了。 3. But now I feel a little more confident. 但现在我感觉有点自信了。 a little more confident意为“更自信一点”,more confident是confident的比较级。 a little... ……一点, much ... ……得多,两者都可以放在比较级前,用来加强比较的程度。 4. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们遵守交通规则,交通事故就会减少。 1) A. rule n. 规则,规章; e.g. the rules of basketball篮球比赛规则;the rules of grammar语法规则; the rules of law法规; B . rule v. 统治(某人/某事物),管理; 2)if引导的条件状语从句,它同时间状语从句一样,主句是一般将来时,从句往往用一般现在时表示将来,即“主将从现”。 e.g. If it snows tomorrow, we’ll make snowmen together. 如果明天下雪,我们将一起堆雪人。 5. Now I like riding my bike around the city more than before. 现在我比从前更喜欢骑自行车环城了。 A. before adv. .以前,过去; B. before还常用于完成时中。 C. ago adv. 前,以前,常用于一般过去时。 6. It’s easy to park, too. 而且停放自行车也很容易。 A. park动词,停(车),泊(车)。 e.g. You can’t park the car here. 此处禁止停车。 B. park作名词时,指“公园”。 e.g. We often take a walk in the park after supper. 晚饭后我们经常在公园里散步。 7. Many people around the world use bicycles for work and pleasure.世界各地很多人把自行车用于工作、消遣中。 use sth. for doing sth. 运用……做某事; e.g. We can use mobile phones for taking photos now. 我们现在可以用手机拍照。 8. Bicycle need less space than cars. 自行车比小轿车需要的空间小。 space n. 意为“空地,空间”,是不可数名词。 e.g. The desk takes up too much space. 这张桌子占的地方太大了。 9. After the policeman arrived, he asked about the accident. 在警察到达后,他询问了事故的情况。 1) policeman 意为“(男)警察”,其复数形式: policemen。 e.g. Don’t worry, the policemen are coming. 别着急,警察马上就来了。 2) ask about 询问; Section B 1. The young man on the bicycle was very careless.骑自行车的那个年轻人很粗心。 1) careless adj. 粗心的; 其反义词:careful 细心的,小心的 ; 2) on the bicycle 在自行车上; 2. We should wear bicycle helmets when riding. 当我们在骑自行车时,我们应该带头盔。 1) wear bicycle helmets 戴头盔; 2) when riding 是 when we are riding 的省略。 3. If we break the traffic rules, we may get a fine and even be in danger. 如果违反了交通规则,我们会受到处罚。 1) A. break v. 打破,违反,破坏; e.g. break the traffic rules违反交通规则,反义词组为obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则。 B. break n. 停顿,休息; e.g. have a break 休息; The children have a break between classes at school. 学校里孩子们有课间休息时间。 2) A. fine n. [C] 罚金,罚款; e.g. He got a heavy fine. 他受到严重处罚。 B. fine v. 罚款; e.g. I was fined for speeding. 因为超速,我被罚款了。 C. fine adj. 健康的,舒适的; e.g. —How are you? 你好吗?—Fine, thanks. 很好,谢谢。 3) get a fine 受处罚; 4) in danger 处于危险之中; 4. If you make a wrong turn, you will cause trouble. 如果你转错弯,将会导致麻烦。 A. turn 此处作名词,意为“(车辆的)转弯,转向;” e.g. Make a left/ right turn into west street. 向左、右入西大街; B. turn 还可作动词,意为“ 使转动; 旋转; 使改变方向;” 常见词组: turn on 打开; turn off 关上; turn down 关小,拒绝; e.g. Please turn on the lights! 请打开灯! 5. If you drive a car in England, you must drive on the left-hand side of the road.如果你在英国开车,你必须靠马路左边行驶。 on the left-hand side of the road = on the left of the road 在马路左边; on the right-hand side of the road = on the right of the road 在马路右边; 注意: 在左边/右边,介词用on。 Section C 1. The bicycle riders must pay attention to the traffic around them. 骑车者必须注意周围的车辆。 pay attention to sth. 意为“对……注意、当心”,to为介词,后接名词或动名词等作宾语。 e.g. Please pay attention to your pronunciation.请注意你的发音。 2. The bicycle riders must wear helmets to protect their heads. 骑车者必须戴头盔保护头部。 1) wear helmets 戴头盔; 2) to protect their heads 意为“为了保护头部”。to 在这边表目的。 3. It is also good for the environment because bicycle do not cause pollution. 它还对环境有益,因为骑自行车不会造成污染。 be good for ... 对……有益; e.g. Drinking milk is good for your health. 喝牛奶对你的健康有益。 4. Bicycle share the road with cars and trucks. 自行车与汽车和卡车共用车道。 share ... with ... 与……分享……; e.g. I’d like to share a room with you.我想和你共住一个房间。 5. Drivers do not always notice bicycles. 司机并不能时时注意到自行车。 A. notice v. 看(听)到,注意到。 e.g. I noticed them come in. 我注意到他们进来了。 B. n. 通知,布告,公告牌。 e.g. Look, there is a notice on the board. 看,布告牌上有一则通知。 6. When riding at night, they must wear light-colored clothes, and have lights in the front and reflectors on the back of their bicycles. 晚上骑车时,他们必须穿浅色的衣服,并在车头安装车灯,车位装反光玻璃。 A. in the front 在前面; B. 区别:in front of & in the front of in front of“在…的前面”,指某一范围以外的前面。 at/in the front of…“在…的前面”,指某一范围以内的前面。 e.g. Miss Gao is standing at the front of the classroom. 高小姐站在教室的前面。(指某一范围内的前面) There is a tall tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵大树。(指某一范围以外的前面) 7. In case of an accident, bicycle riders should know how to give first aid. 万一发生事情,骑车者应该懂得如何进行急救; 1) in case of 意为“如果,假使……”。 e.g. In case of an earthquake, what will you do? 假如发生地震,你会怎么做? 2) give first aid 进行急救; 8. In a word, the best way to be safe is to be careful. 总之,保持安全的最佳方式就是小心谨慎。 1) in a word 意为“简言之,一句话,总之”与in short同义。 e.g. In a word, I don’t want to be his friend any more. 总之,我不想再成为他的朋友了。 2)the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳方法; e.g. The best way to lose weight is to eat less and do more exercise. 减肥的最佳方法是少吃多运动。 7. Look out and always be careful. 留神并且时刻小心谨慎。 look out (表示警告,尤指有危险)意为“当心,小心,留神”。 e.g. Look out! There’s car coming. 当心!有车来了。 8. Call 120 if an accident happens. 当发生车祸,拨打120。 A. call v. 意为“打电话”, e.g. call sb. (up) 给某人打电话; Can you call me when you arrive in New York. 你到纽约,能不能给我打个电话? B. call n. 意为“电话联络”, e.g. make a call 打电话; give sb. a call 给某人打电话; Can you give me a call when you arrive in New York? 你到纽约,能不能给我打个电话? Section D 1. Qinghai Lake, the largest salt-water lake in China, lends its name to the province of Qinghai. 青海湖,中国最大的咸水湖, 青海省以它命名。 lend one’s name to sth. 以某人的名字命名(某地方)。 e.g. He lend his name to the mountain. 他以他的名字命名了这座山。 2. Twenty-three rivers and streams empty into Qinghai Lake. 二十三条小河和溪流流入青海湖。 empty into 注入,流入,走近; e.g. The Yangtze River empties into the East Sea. 长江流入东海。 3. It has the highest altitude among all races hosted by the International Cycling Union.这是国际自行车联合会主办的众多赛事中海拔最高的比赛。 (1) the highest altitude 海拔最高; (2) A. host v. (作为主人)招待,举办; e.g. They hosted a wonderful party. 他们举办了一场很精彩的晚会。 B. n. 主人,东道主; e.g. the host country for the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会的主办国 (3)the International Cycling Union 国际自行车联合会; 4. There are 21 timed stages over three weeks. 有21个计时赛段,历时3周多。 1) timed stages 计时赛段; 2) over (数目)超过,与more than同义。 e.g. The river near here is over/more than four meters deep. 这附近的一条河有四米多深。 5. They go through the Alps, the Massif Central and the Pyrenees Mountains. 他们要穿过阿尔卑斯山脉、马塞夫中心和比例牛斯山。 区别: go through & go across go through 空间上通过;go across 表面上通过; e.g. go across the road 只是从马路一边到另一边;go through则是从马路一端到另一端; 6. The road are very difficult to ride on. 道路很崎岖。 be difficult to do sth 做某事有困难; e.g. Math is difficult to learn. 学数学很难。 7. The winner is the person with the best total time. 获胜者是总时间最少的那个人。 winner获胜者,为动词win的名词形式。 类似的构词法有: play—player; post—poster; work—worker 玩,打球—运动员; 邮寄—邮递员; 工作—工人 8. He can do that without winning even one of the stages. 他不必每个阶段得第一名也能取得最后的胜利。 without 没有,其反义词为with有,具有。 e.g. Fish can’t live without water. 鱼离不开水。 He left the room without saying a word. 他没说什么就离开了房间。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling  单元知识梳理-2024-2025学年八年级英语下期易错易混考点精讲精练(仁爱版)
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Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling  单元知识梳理-2024-2025学年八年级英语下期易错易混考点精讲精练(仁爱版)
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Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling  单元知识梳理-2024-2025学年八年级英语下期易错易混考点精讲精练(仁爱版)
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