专题04 动词 & 动词短语（讲练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（湖南专用）

专题04 动词&动词短语 考点 课标要求 命题预测 系动词 · 能够识别并正确使用be动词、 五变、五感官等词的运用 分析近年中考试卷可知，中考对动词和动词短语的考查一直是中考试题的重点和难点。其广泛分布在试卷的所有题型中，不同题型各有侧重点。 听力：中侧重其动词及情态动词的语音语调、词义辨析； 阅读理解：侧重动词词义、熟词生义以及动词在长难句中的灵活运用； 完形填空：侧重考查词义辨析和熟词生义； 语法填空:考查谓语和非谓语辨析为主，同时考察动词的变形 书面表达:考查对动词词形和用法的熟练掌握以及遣词造句能力。 实义动词‌ · 掌握行为动词的意义，行为动词辨析 助动词 · 掌握助动词和别的动词连用，帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构，有人称、数和时态的变化。 动词短语 · 掌握常考动词短语及动词短语辨析 动词变形 · 语法填空中；动词可变为形容词或者名词 1．（2024·湖南长沙卷）The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001. It ________ help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, an earthquake, or any other natural disaster (灾难). A. closes B. sells C. brings 2．（2024·湖南省卷）Every day, she made me sit at the desk and for an hour. I hated reading and cried a lot. A. draw B. write C. read 3．（2023·湖南衡阳卷）The road was long and difficult, but Mark still ______ his father. A. caught B. followed C. refused 4．（2023·湖南怀化卷）She found it was so interesting when she brushed the dog. She also ______ to clean the house. A. forgot B. helped C. failed 5．（2023·湖南永州卷）I wanted to reach more persons with my message. So I _______ a 3D character named Aku. .A. watched B. imagined C. created 6．（2023·湖南郴州卷）He worked very hard. As time ______, the number of customers in his shop increased and a lot of bicycles were sold out. A. went by B. went off C. went back 7．（2023·湖南岳阳卷）Do more sports, like running, swimming and ________. Exercise an hour a day, and live a happy life. A. asking for help B. playing computer games C. climbing mountains 8．（2023·湖南岳阳卷）He felt that his life was a hopeless mess. He even told me that he was on the point of ________ hope. A. writing down B. giving up C. listening to 9．（2023·湖南常德卷） The teacher stood up and walked to my side, ________ me to give me confidence. A. staring at B. shouting at C. smiling at 10．（2024·湖南长沙卷）Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries (伤痛), and _______ food, water, and other things. A. give up B. hand out C. cut down 11. （2023·湖南衡阳卷） I’m (excite) we could do something to help others! 12. （2023·湖南永州卷）I’ve decided _________（stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 核心考向一　动词的分类 一、实义动词 实义动词按其后是否需要接宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词 用法 示例 及物动词 （1）带一个宾语 If you have any questions, you can raise your hands. 你们如果有问题，可以举手。 （2）带双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） 间接宾语常指人，直接宾语常指物 My parents gave me a nice gift on my birthday. 我的父母在我生日那天给了我一份精美的礼物。 （= My parents gave a nice gift to me on my birthday.） I will buy you a new dictionary. 我会给你买一本新词典。 （= I will buy a new dictionary for you.） （3）带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语） Please keep the door open. 请开着门。 Our teachers tell us to study hard. 老师告诉我们要努力学习。 不及物动词 （1）不带宾语 They are running on the playground. 他们正在运动场上跑步。 （2）后加介词+宾语 Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. 请看黑板，听我说。 在实义动词中，中考考题主要考查动词用法的辨异，经常出现在单项选择和完形填空中，是中考一大重要考点。 二、连系动词 常用连系动词 词义 例句 be 是 I’m a girl with short hair. become 成为，变得 Mike becomes interested in Chinese. turn 变得 Mr. White’s face turned red. get 变得 The weather is getting bad. smell 闻起来 The flowers smell nice. sound 听起来 The plan sounds good. taste 尝起来 The soup tastes delicious. stay 保持 The shop stays open till 8 pm. grow 成长，变得 Her hair is growing white. keep 保持 The girl keeps silent all the time. feel 感到，摸起来 The coat feels very soft look 看起来 My mother looks very young. 注意 1.连系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语 2.含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do, does, did等 三、助动词 助动词 功能 例句 be （am， is， are， was， were） be ＋现在分词，构成进行时态 He is using the computer in his room. 他正在房间里用电脑。 I was waiting for my coffee when the accident happened. 事故发生时我正在等咖啡。 be ＋过去分词，构成被动语态 Taking photos is not allowed in the museum. 博物馆里不允许拍照。 Free drinks are offered on Children’s Day in some restaurants. 儿童节有些餐馆提供免费饮料。 助动词 功能 例句 do （does， did） 用于构成疑问句或否定句 Tom doesn’t make friends with those unkind people. 汤姆不和那些不友善的人交朋友。 Where did you go last summer？ 去年夏天你去哪里了？ 用于倒装句 Not only did he finish the project on time， but he also got an “A”. 他不仅按时完成了项目，还得了A。 Mary didn’t watch TV last night， and neither did John. 玛丽昨晚没看电视，约翰也没看。 用于表示强调并加强语气 Tom did write a letter to you last week. 汤姆上周的确给你写了一封信。 Please do take care of yourself. 请一定要照顾好自己。 代替前面出现的动词 My father always takes a walk after supper， but my mother never does. 我父亲总是晚饭后散步，而我母亲则从不。 have （has， had） have ＋过去分词，构成完成时态 Mike has had the bike for three years. 迈克买这辆自行车三年了。 will （would） 构成一般将来时或过去将来时，用于各种人称 He will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他明天将去上海。 shall （should） 构成一般将来时，仅用于第一人称 This time next week I shall be in Scotland. 下星期这个时候我将在苏格兰。 核心考向二　动词短语 考法总结 动词短语辨析主要在完形填空和往年单选中考查，包括同一介词/副词型，同一动词型，或混合辨析三类。此外，在语篇填空第一节和第二节中，会考查填“动词＋介词/副词”结构中的介词/副词的用法。 1.同一动词型动词短语（河南中考考查过的短语加黑标示） come短语 come across偶然遇见　　come along 出现；跟随　　come back回来；回想起　　 come by短暂拜访 come down崩塌；落下 come out开花；出版；显示 come over顺便来访 come true实现 come up发生；走近 cut短语 cut away砍掉；切除　　 　 cut down砍倒；削减　　 cut in插嘴　　 cut off切掉；切断（水源、电源等） cut out删除；删去 cut up切碎 go短语 go ahead先走；进行；开始做　　 go by （时间）流逝　　　　go on继续；持续；开始 go out外出（娱乐）；熄灭 go over复习；仔细检查 go through通过；经历 go off 发出响声；离开；（电灯）熄灭 get短语 get away离开；逃掉　　　get in到达；进入　　　　　　get into陷入；参与　　　 get off 下车 get on上车 get out 出去；离开　 get over克服　 get to 到达 get together相聚 get through 通过；完成 get up起床 give短语 give away捐赠；泄露　　　give back归还；使恢复　　give in投降 give out 分发；发放 give up放弃 look短语 look at 看　　　　　　 look after照顾；照看　　　　 look for 寻找　　　 look like看起来像 look around环顾四周 look down upon/on看不起 look out当心 look over （仔细）检查 look through浏览 look up 查阅；抬头看 look forward to盼望；期盼 look up to 敬仰 put短语 put away把……收好　 put down放下；写下　　 put off推迟；拖延　　 put on穿上；上演；增加（体重） put out扑灭；扔掉 put through 接通；完成 put up张贴；建造；搭建；举起 take短语 take after （外貌或行为）像　 take away带走；拿走　　 take care当心；小心　 take down拆除；往下拽；记录 take in吸入；吞入 take off（飞机）起飞；脱下 take place发生 take up占据；开始从事 turn短语 turn down调低；关小；拒绝　　　turn...into... 把……变成……　 turn off关掉 turn on接通；打开 turn to转向；求助于 turn up开大；调高；出现 2. 同一介词/副词型动词短语 About 短语 bring about导致，引起　　　care about关心；在意　　　 come about 发生　　　 hear about 听说 know/learn about了解 talk about 谈论 think about考虑 worry about 担心 at短语 laugh at 嘲笑　　　look at 看　　　　knock at敲　　　　　　 point at 指向 shout at 斥责……；对……大喊 throw at 投向；掷向 work at 从事；研究 away短语 blow away吹走；驱散　　get away离开；脱身　　give away捐赠；泄露 go away离开 move away搬走 pass away去世　　　 put away把……收好 take away拿走；带走 run away逃跑 back短语 bring back 带回；使想起　　come back 回来　　get back 返回　　give back 归还 pay back 偿还 talk back 顶嘴 down短语 break down损坏；出故障　 calm down （使）平静　　 cut down砍倒；削减　　 die down逐渐变弱 fall down倒塌；摔倒 let down 使失望 lie down躺下 pull down摧毁；拆毁 sit down坐下 slow down减速 take down拆除；记录 turn down调低，关小；拒绝 write down写下 for短语 ask for 要求；请求　　care for 关心；照顾；喜欢　 cheer for 为……欢呼 leave for 出发前往　　 pay for 付钱　 prepare for 为……做准备　wait for 等候；等待 off短语 break off中断；中止　　　 clean off扫除；擦去　　　　cut off切除；剪掉　 drive off 驱车离去；驶去 get off 下车 give off发出，放出（光、热等） pay off 偿清 put off推迟 send off发出；寄出 set off出发，动身 show off炫耀 take off（飞机）起飞；脱下 shut off关闭 turn off关掉 kick sb. off开除某人 see sb. off 为某人送行 on短语 call on号召；拜访　　　 cheer sb. on为某人加油　　 carry on继续；坚持　　 come on 快点儿；加油 depend on依靠；取决于 go on持续；发生 hold on不挂断（电话）；坚持 keep on继续（前行） try on试穿 take on 承担 turn on接通；打开 work on从事；继续工作 out短语 break out 爆发　　　 bring out使显现　　　　　carry out 执行　　　check out调查；察看 clear out 清理；丢掉 come out开花；出版；显示 cut out 删除；删去 die out 灭绝 eat out出去吃 find out 查明；发现 give out分发；发放 go out 外出（娱乐）；熄灭 hand out分发 hang out 闲逛 help out 帮忙解决 leave out 不包括；不提及 look out当心 pick out 选出 point out指出 put out扑灭；扔掉 run out 用光 sell out卖完 set out 出发；动身 try out 试用；参加选拔 turn out结果是 work out成功地发展；解决 to短语 belong to 属于　　　 dance to 伴着……跳舞　　　　 listen to 听　　　　　 lead to 导致；通向 stick to 坚持；固守 shout to 对……大声喊叫 speak to 对……说话 talk to 与……交谈 pay attention to 注意；留心 help oneself to 请随便吃/喝…… hold on to 继续；坚持；保持 up短语 bring up提出；养育　 call up打电话给；征召　cheer up 使振奋　　　　clean up打扫 dress up打扮 eat up吃光 end up结束 fix up修理 give up放弃 grow up成长；长大 hurry up快点；赶快 look up 查阅；抬头看 make up编造；构成 pick up捡起；接人 put up搭建；张贴；举起 send up 发出；射出 set up建立；创立 show up出现；露面 stay up 熬夜 stand up站起来 take up占据；开始从事 tidy up收拾；整理 turn up开大；调高；出现wake up睡醒；醒来 use up用完；耗尽 build sb. up 增强某人的体质 with短语 agree with 同意 deal with 处理；解决；应付　　　 begin/start with 以……开始 compare with 与……作比较 connect with 与……相连 help out with 帮忙做 catch up with 赶上；达到 come up with 想出；提出 fall in love with 喜欢上 get on/along with 与……和睦相处 keep up with 跟上；不落后 over短语 come over 顺便来访　　　 fall over 绊倒 get over 克服；恢复　　　 go over 复习；仔细检查 hang over 悬挂 look over 查看；检查 think over 仔细考虑 核心考向三　动词词义辨析 1. 看：• look；see；watch；observe；notice；catch sight of；stare；glare；glance；glimpse。• “see a film”（看电影）；“watch TV”（看电视）。 2. “告诉”：tell sth to sb = tell sb sth；talk with sb about sth。 3. “说”：say sth；speak in English；whisper sth to sb；inform sb of sth。 4. “劝说”：reason/talk/persuade sb into doing sth；bargain；chat。 5. “重复、解释、警告、提醒、讨论、辩论、想出、宣称、声称、提及、承认、否认、描述、宣布、介绍、抱怨”： • repeat；explain；warn；remind；discuss；debate；figure；declare；claim；mention；admit；deny；describe；announce；introduce；complain。 6. “哭、叫、喊、尖叫、呻吟、叹气、争吵”：cry；call；shout；scream；moan；sigh；quarrel。 7. “问”：ask；interview；express；question。 8. “答”：answer；respond；reply。 9. “听”：listen to；hear；pick up；overhear。 10. “笑”：smile；laugh；burst into laughter；burst out laughing。 11. “哭”：cry；shed tears；weep；sob；burst into tears。 12. “吃/喝”：eat/drink；sip；have a meal；have supper；toast；taste；treat sb to；help oneself to。 13. “穿”：put on；wear；have on；be dressed in；make up；get changed；be in red；take off；remove。 14. “走、跑、爬、跳、蹦、滑倒、来/去、进入、移动、开车、骑车、飞行、爬行”：• walk；run；climb；jump；skip；slip；come/go；enter；move；drive；ride；fly；crawl。 15. “坐”：sit down；be seated；seat oneself；take a seat；stand。 16. “睡/休息”：• lie on one’s back/on one's side/on one's stomach；stay in bed；have a rest；take a nap；be asleep；bend；turn over；rest。 17. “写”：dictate；write sth；describe；drop a line；draw；take down/write down。 18. “拿/放”：take；bring；hold；carry；fetch；lift；put；lay；pull。 19. “抓”：take hold of；seize；grasp；scratch。 20. “打”：hit；beat；strike；blow；attack。 21. “扔”：throw；drop；fall；wave；shake。 22. “送”：send；deliver；give；offer；see off。 23. “摸/抱”：touch；fold；embrace；hug；hold；in one’s arms。 24. “踢/碰”：kick；knock；tip。 25. “找/查”：find；look for；find out；discover；explore；hunt for；search for；seek；seek for；in search of；search sb；search sp. for sth；check；examine；test；inspect。 26. “得”：get；obtain；acquire；gain；possess。 27. “失”：lose；be lost；be missing；gone；great loss。 28. “有”：have；own；conquer；occupy；possess。 29. “无”：• nothing left；the remaining thing；disappear；be missing；gone。 30. “增/减”：• rise；go up；drop；raise；bring down；reduce；increase；decrease。 31. “买/支”：• buy；purchase；afford；pay；pay off；pay for；sell；on sale；bargain；bill/cheque/cash/credit card/notes/coins。 32. “存在/消失”：• come into being；exist；appear；survive；live；show；turn up；disappear；die；pass away；be out of sight。 33. “变化”：• develop；improve；become；grow；go + bad/wrong/sour；turn + colour；change；change into；reform。 34. “成功/失败”：• make it；succeed；make progress；come true；realize one's dream；win；lose；fail to do；defeat；suffer loss；beat；turn sth. into reality。 35. “努力”：• try；manage；make efforts；attempt；do one's best；do as much as one can to do。 36. “祝贺”：• congratulate sb. on sth.；celebrate；observe；get together。 37. “欣赏”：• admire；respect；show respect for/to；adore；envy；be jealousy。 38. “赞美/批评”：• praise；think highly of；blame sb for sth；sb is to blame；criticize/scold sb. for sth.；have a low opinion of sb。 39. “喜/恶”：• like；love；be fond of；be keen on；be crazy about；adore；be into；prefer；enjoy；dislike；hate；ignore。 40. “到达”：• arrive at；reach；return to；get to；stay in sp. 41. “受伤”：• hurt；injure；wound；cut；kill；drown；bleed；get burnt；suffer from；suffer a loss。 42. “损坏”：• damage；destroy；ruin；break down；crash；be broken。 43. “修复”：• repair；rebuild；restore；fix；recover oneself。 44. “认识的过程”：• feel；sense；guess；suppose；wonder；doubt；know；learn；realize；understand；remember；be familiar with；recall；recite；apply to。 45. “认为，判断”：• think；believe；consider；find；feel；conclude；infer；doubt。 46. “想/考虑”：• think of...as...；think about；consider；think over。 47. “支持/反对”：• agree；disagree；accept；receive；refuse；turn down；be against；elect；vote for；against。 48. “花费”：• sth/doing sth + cost；sb + spend + (in) doing sth；sb afford + n/to do sth；It + takes/took some time/money/energy to do sth；sb pay some money for sth。 49. “省/存钱”：• save；save up；set aside；put away。 50. “参加”：• take part in；join；join in；attend；compete in/for/against。 51. “控告”：• accuse sb. of；charge sb. with。 52. “救治/帮助”：• help；help out；save；rescue sb from sth.；treat；cure sb. of sth；aid sb in doing sth/to do sth；help sb with sth；assist sb in doing sth。 53. “逃避”：• run away；escape from；flee；hide。 54. “阻止/禁止”：• prevent/keep/stop sb. from doing sth；forbid doing sth.；ban；prohibit。 55. “对待/处理”：• handle；do with；deal with；tackle；overcome sth；solve；settle。 56. “模仿”：• copy；imitate；learn from；learn。 57. “爆发/发生”：• come about；happen to；take place；break out；burst out；go off；explode。 58. “安装/装备”：• fasten；fix；set；equip；be armed with；be equipped with。 59. “追求”：• pursuit；ran after；seek after；chase；catch up with；Keep up with。 60. “建议”：• advise；suggest；recommend；propose；urge；demand；persuade。 61. “打算”：• plan；intend；design to do；be going to do；be about to do；will do。 62. “似乎/好像”：• seem；appear；look like；as if；as though。 63. “开办/关闭”：• open；start；set up；close；close up；end；close down。 1． We had a school trip last month and I 　 　 (enjoy) every minute of it. 2． The man's funny jokes made all of us　 　(laugh). 3． Linda didn't go to bed until her mother　 　(come) home. 4． Clare 　 　(become) a teacher after she went to Kunming. 5． I'll give Mr Wang your message as soon as he　 　(finish) his task abroad. 6． I　 　(tell) him the good news as soon as I see him. 7． How will you go to school if it 　 　(rain) tomorrow? 8． Mike 　 　 (be) ill yesterday, so his friend 　 　(take) him to the hospital. 9． Lingling 　 　(listen) to the radio when I came in. 10． Bruce's father 　 　 (work) in that company as a manager since 2018. 11． My family 　 　(watch) TV from seven to nine last night. 12． Aunt Wang usually 　 　 (spend) one or two months travelling every year. 13． Mr Brown's children have all 　 　 up and left home now. （grow） 14． You'd better 　 　(apologise) to Mary, or she will be unhappy. 15． My sister 　 　(hate) travelling by air because it is too expensive. 16． Jerry often 　 　(brush) his teeth after getting up. 17． Don't keep me 　 　(wait)too long. 18． I like teachers who 　 　(be) friendly, helpful and fair to each student. 19． The movie The Wandering Earth made me 　 　(feel) excited. 20． Bob used to 　 　(play) basketball with his friends after school. 21． Here is a photo of Jenny! She is 　 　(wear) her school clothes in it. 22． Tony 　 　(visit) his grandma in the countryside if he 　 　(be) free this Sunday. 23． It is common that a central computer 　 　(control) the traffic lights. 24． The salad is made 　 　 apples and strawberries. 25． Those two children 　 　(dig) a hole and planted an apple tree. 26． Some food can be 　 　(store) for many days in the fridge. 27． The news that an earthquake happened in Yunnan 　 　(spread) throughout China quickly. 28． Jack 　 　(win) high praise for helping his classmates last term. 29． Bruce 　 　(choose) to be our class monitor at the beginning of this term. 30． Mrs Smith 　 　 (invite) to sing an English song at the party and she sang well. 31． Everyone was surprised 　 　(see) Grace at the party last night. 32． The students 　 　(become) quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 33． The 1, 000-metre race is coming soon. My brother 　 　(train) hard for it now. 34． Only teamwork will 　 　 us to get the job done on time. (able) 35．"It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never really experienced this problem," she said. So she hoped 　 　(deal) with the problem. 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 动词&动词短语 考点 课标要求 命题预测 系动词 · 能够识别并正确使用be动词、 五变、五感官等词的运用 分析近年中考试卷可知，中考对动词和动词短语的考查一直是中考试题的重点和难点。其广泛分布在试卷的所有题型中，不同题型各有侧重点。 听力：中侧重其动词及情态动词的语音语调、词义辨析； 阅读理解：侧重动词词义、熟词生义以及动词在长难句中的灵活运用； 完形填空：侧重考查词义辨析和熟词生义； 语法填空:考查谓语和非谓语辨析为主，同时考察动词的变形 书面表达:考查对动词词形和用法的熟练掌握以及遣词造句能力。 实义动词‌ · 掌握行为动词的意义，行为动词辨析 助动词 · 掌握助动词和别的动词连用，帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构，有人称、数和时态的变化。 动词短语 · 掌握常考动词短语及动词短语辨析 动词变形 · 语法填空中；动词可变为形容词或者名词 1．（2024·湖南长沙卷）The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001. It ________ help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, an earthquake, or any other natural disaster (灾难). A. closes B. sells C. brings 【答案】C 【解析】句意：它给那些生活因风暴、地震或其他自然灾害而改变的人们带来了帮助和希望。closes接近；sells卖；brings带来。根据“It...help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, an earthquake, or any other natural disaster (灾难).”可知，中国国际搜救队给人们带来了帮助和希望，故选C。 2．（2024·湖南省卷）Every day, she made me sit at the desk and for an hour. I hated reading and cried a lot. A. draw B. write C. read 【答案】C 【解析】句意： 考查动词。句意:每天她让我坐在桌旁读一小时书。A画;B写;C读。根据Ihatedreading (我讨厌阅读)可知此处指读书。故选C。 3．（2023·湖南衡阳卷）The road was long and difficult, but Mark still ______ his father. A. caught B. followed C. refused 【答案】B 【解析】句意:这条路又长又艰难，但马克仍然跟着他的父亲。caught抓住;followed跟随;refused 拒绝。根据“The road was long and difficult”可知马克跟随父亲后面走，故选B。 4．（2023·湖南怀化卷）She found it was so interesting when she brushed the dog. She also ______ to clean the house. A. forgot B. helped C. failed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当她给狗刷毛时，她发现这很有趣。她还帮忙打扫房子。forgot忘记；helped帮助；failed失败。根据“to clean the house”可知是帮忙打扫房子。故选B。 5．（2023·湖南永州卷）I wanted to reach more persons with my message. So I _______ a 3D character named Aku. .A. watched B. imagined C. created 【答案】C 【解析】句意:所以我创造了一个叫Aku的 3D角色。watched观看;imagined想象;created创造。根据"“ a 3D character named Aku."可知这个角色是作者创造的，故选C。 6．（2023·湖南郴州卷）He worked very hard. As time ______, the number of customers in his shop increased and a lot of bicycles were sold out. A. went by B. went off C. went back 【答案】A 【解析】句意：随着时间的流逝，他店里的顾客越来越多，很多自行车都卖光了。went by经过，时间流逝；went off离开；went back回到。根据“As time...”可知，随着时间流逝，故选A。 7．（2023·湖南岳阳卷）Do more sports, like running, swimming and ________. Exercise an hour a day, and live a happy life. A. asking for help B. playing computer games C. climbing mountains 【答案】C 【解析】句意：多做运动，比如跑步、游泳和爬山。asking for help寻求帮助；playing computer games玩电脑游戏；climbing mountains爬山。根据“Do more sports”可知爬山是运动，故选C。 8．（2023·湖南岳阳卷）He felt that his life was a hopeless mess. He even told me that he was on the point of ________ hope. A. writing down B. giving up C. listening to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他甚至告诉我他快要放弃希望了。writing down写下；giving up放弃；listening to听。根据“He felt that his life was a hopeless mess. He even told me that he was on the point of...hope.”可知，他觉得自己的生活一团糟，快要失去希望，故选B。 9．（2023·湖南常德卷） The teacher stood up and walked to my side, ________ me to give me confidence. A. staring at B. shouting at C. smiling at 【答案】C 【解析】句意：老师站起来，走到我身边，对我微笑，给我信心。staring at盯着；shouting at大叫；smiling at微笑。根据“The teacher stood up and walked to my side, ...me to give me confidence.”可知，老师对我微笑，给我信心。故选C。 10．（2024·湖南长沙卷）Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries (伤痛), and _______ food, water, and other things. A. give up B. hand out C. cut down 【答案】B 【解析】句意：救援人员接受过搜救、治疗伤员、分发食物、水和其他物品的训练。 give up放弃；hand out分发；cut down砍倒。根据“Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries (伤痛), and...food, water, and other things.”可知，救援人员接受过分发食物、水和其他物品的训练，故选B。 11. （2023·湖南衡阳卷） I’m (excite) we could do something to help others! 【答案】B 【50题详解】句意:我很高兴我们能做些事情来帮助别人! excite“激动”，此处是作表语,应用形容词,修饰人，应用excited,故填excited。 12. （2023·湖南永州卷）I’ve decided _________（stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 【答案】 to stay 【详解】句意:自从体检后，我决定远离油炸食品和软饮料。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定短语，故填to stay。 核心考向一　动词的分类 一、实义动词 实义动词按其后是否需要接宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词 用法 示例 及物动词 （1）带一个宾语 If you have any questions, you can raise your hands. 你们如果有问题，可以举手。 （2）带双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） 间接宾语常指人，直接宾语常指物 My parents gave me a nice gift on my birthday. 我的父母在我生日那天给了我一份精美的礼物。 （= My parents gave a nice gift to me on my birthday.） I will buy you a new dictionary. 我会给你买一本新词典。 （= I will buy a new dictionary for you.） （3）带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语） Please keep the door open. 请开着门。 Our teachers tell us to study hard. 老师告诉我们要努力学习。 不及物动词 （1）不带宾语 They are running on the playground. 他们正在运动场上跑步。 （2）后加介词+宾语 Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. 请看黑板，听我说。 在实义动词中，中考考题主要考查动词用法的辨异，经常出现在单项选择和完形填空中，是中考一大重要考点。 二、连系动词 常用连系动词 词义 例句 be 是 I’m a girl with short hair. become 成为，变得 Mike becomes interested in Chinese. turn 变得 Mr. White’s face turned red. get 变得 The weather is getting bad. smell 闻起来 The flowers smell nice. sound 听起来 The plan sounds good. taste 尝起来 The soup tastes delicious. stay 保持 The shop stays open till 8 pm. grow 成长，变得 Her hair is growing white. keep 保持 The girl keeps silent all the time. feel 感到，摸起来 The coat feels very soft look 看起来 My mother looks very young. 注意 1.连系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语 2.含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do, does, did等 三、助动词 助动词 功能 例句 be （am， is， are， was， were） be ＋现在分词，构成进行时态 He is using the computer in his room. 他正在房间里用电脑。 I was waiting for my coffee when the accident happened. 事故发生时我正在等咖啡。 be ＋过去分词，构成被动语态 Taking photos is not allowed in the museum. 博物馆里不允许拍照。 Free drinks are offered on Children’s Day in some restaurants. 儿童节有些餐馆提供免费饮料。 助动词 功能 例句 do （does， did） 用于构成疑问句或否定句 Tom doesn’t make friends with those unkind people. 汤姆不和那些不友善的人交朋友。 Where did you go last summer？ 去年夏天你去哪里了？ 用于倒装句 Not only did he finish the project on time， but he also got an “A”. 他不仅按时完成了项目，还得了A。 Mary didn’t watch TV last night， and neither did John. 玛丽昨晚没看电视，约翰也没看。 用于表示强调并加强语气 Tom did write a letter to you last week. 汤姆上周的确给你写了一封信。 Please do take care of yourself. 请一定要照顾好自己。 代替前面出现的动词 My father always takes a walk after supper， but my mother never does. 我父亲总是晚饭后散步，而我母亲则从不。 have （has， had） have ＋过去分词，构成完成时态 Mike has had the bike for three years. 迈克买这辆自行车三年了。 will （would） 构成一般将来时或过去将来时，用于各种人称 He will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他明天将去上海。 shall （should） 构成一般将来时，仅用于第一人称 This time next week I shall be in Scotland. 下星期这个时候我将在苏格兰。 核心考向二　动词短语 考法总结 动词短语辨析主要在完形填空和往年单选中考查，包括同一介词/副词型，同一动词型，或混合辨析三类。此外，在语篇填空第一节和第二节中，会考查填“动词＋介词/副词”结构中的介词/副词的用法。 1.同一动词型动词短语（河南中考考查过的短语加黑标示） come短语 come across偶然遇见　　come along 出现；跟随　　come back回来；回想起　　 come by短暂拜访 come down崩塌；落下 come out开花；出版；显示 come over顺便来访 come true实现 come up发生；走近 cut短语 cut away砍掉；切除　　 　 cut down砍倒；削减　　 cut in插嘴　　 cut off切掉；切断（水源、电源等） cut out删除；删去 cut up切碎 go短语 go ahead先走；进行；开始做　　 go by （时间）流逝　　　　go on继续；持续；开始 go out外出（娱乐）；熄灭 go over复习；仔细检查 go through通过；经历 go off 发出响声；离开；（电灯）熄灭 get短语 get away离开；逃掉　　　get in到达；进入　　　　　　get into陷入；参与　　　 get off 下车 get on上车 get out 出去；离开　 get over克服　 get to 到达 get together相聚 get through 通过；完成 get up起床 give短语 give away捐赠；泄露　　　give back归还；使恢复　　give in投降 give out 分发；发放 give up放弃 look短语 look at 看　　　　　　 look after照顾；照看　　　　 look for 寻找　　　 look like看起来像 look around环顾四周 look down upon/on看不起 look out当心 look over （仔细）检查 look through浏览 look up 查阅；抬头看 look forward to盼望；期盼 look up to 敬仰 put短语 put away把……收好　 put down放下；写下　　 put off推迟；拖延　　 put on穿上；上演；增加（体重） put out扑灭；扔掉 put through 接通；完成 put up张贴；建造；搭建；举起 take短语 take after （外貌或行为）像　 take away带走；拿走　　 take care当心；小心　 take down拆除；往下拽；记录 take in吸入；吞入 take off（飞机）起飞；脱下 take place发生 take up占据；开始从事 turn短语 turn down调低；关小；拒绝　　　turn...into... 把……变成……　 turn off关掉 turn on接通；打开 turn to转向；求助于 turn up开大；调高；出现 2. 同一介词/副词型动词短语 About 短语 bring about导致，引起　　　care about关心；在意　　　 come about 发生　　　 hear about 听说 know/learn about了解 talk about 谈论 think about考虑 worry about 担心 at短语 laugh at 嘲笑　　　look at 看　　　　knock at敲　　　　　　 point at 指向 shout at 斥责……；对……大喊 throw at 投向；掷向 work at 从事；研究 away短语 blow away吹走；驱散　　get away离开；脱身　　give away捐赠；泄露 go away离开 move away搬走 pass away去世　　　 put away把……收好 take away拿走；带走 run away逃跑 back短语 bring back 带回；使想起　　come back 回来　　get back 返回　　give back 归还 pay back 偿还 talk back 顶嘴 down短语 break down损坏；出故障　 calm down （使）平静　　 cut down砍倒；削减　　 die down逐渐变弱 fall down倒塌；摔倒 let down 使失望 lie down躺下 pull down摧毁；拆毁 sit down坐下 slow down减速 take down拆除；记录 turn down调低，关小；拒绝 write down写下 for短语 ask for 要求；请求　　care for 关心；照顾；喜欢　 cheer for 为……欢呼 leave for 出发前往　　 pay for 付钱　 prepare for 为……做准备　wait for 等候；等待 off短语 break off中断；中止　　　 clean off扫除；擦去　　　　cut off切除；剪掉　 drive off 驱车离去；驶去 get off 下车 give off发出，放出（光、热等） pay off 偿清 put off推迟 send off发出；寄出 set off出发，动身 show off炫耀 take off（飞机）起飞；脱下 shut off关闭 turn off关掉 kick sb. off开除某人 see sb. off 为某人送行 on短语 call on号召；拜访　　　 cheer sb. on为某人加油　　 carry on继续；坚持　　 come on 快点儿；加油 depend on依靠；取决于 go on持续；发生 hold on不挂断（电话）；坚持 keep on继续（前行） try on试穿 take on 承担 turn on接通；打开 work on从事；继续工作 out短语 break out 爆发　　　 bring out使显现　　　　　carry out 执行　　　check out调查；察看 clear out 清理；丢掉 come out开花；出版；显示 cut out 删除；删去 die out 灭绝 eat out出去吃 find out 查明；发现 give out分发；发放 go out 外出（娱乐）；熄灭 hand out分发 hang out 闲逛 help out 帮忙解决 leave out 不包括；不提及 look out当心 pick out 选出 point out指出 put out扑灭；扔掉 run out 用光 sell out卖完 set out 出发；动身 try out 试用；参加选拔 turn out结果是 work out成功地发展；解决 to短语 belong to 属于　　　 dance to 伴着……跳舞　　　　 listen to 听　　　　　 lead to 导致；通向 stick to 坚持；固守 shout to 对……大声喊叫 speak to 对……说话 talk to 与……交谈 pay attention to 注意；留心 help oneself to 请随便吃/喝…… hold on to 继续；坚持；保持 up短语 bring up提出；养育　 call up打电话给；征召　cheer up 使振奋　　　　clean up打扫 dress up打扮 eat up吃光 end up结束 fix up修理 give up放弃 grow up成长；长大 hurry up快点；赶快 look up 查阅；抬头看 make up编造；构成 pick up捡起；接人 put up搭建；张贴；举起 send up 发出；射出 set up建立；创立 show up出现；露面 stay up 熬夜 stand up站起来 take up占据；开始从事 tidy up收拾；整理 turn up开大；调高；出现wake up睡醒；醒来 use up用完；耗尽 build sb. up 增强某人的体质 with短语 agree with 同意 deal with 处理；解决；应付　　　 begin/start with 以……开始 compare with 与……作比较 connect with 与……相连 help out with 帮忙做 catch up with 赶上；达到 come up with 想出；提出 fall in love with 喜欢上 get on/along with 与……和睦相处 keep up with 跟上；不落后 over短语 come over 顺便来访　　　 fall over 绊倒 get over 克服；恢复　　　 go over 复习；仔细检查 hang over 悬挂 look over 查看；检查 think over 仔细考虑 核心考向三　动词词义辨析 1. 看：• look；see；watch；observe；notice；catch sight of；stare；glare；glance；glimpse。• “see a film”（看电影）；“watch TV”（看电视）。 2. “告诉”：tell sth to sb = tell sb sth；talk with sb about sth。 3. “说”：say sth；speak in English；whisper sth to sb；inform sb of sth。 4. “劝说”：reason/talk/persuade sb into doing sth；bargain；chat。 5. “重复、解释、警告、提醒、讨论、辩论、想出、宣称、声称、提及、承认、否认、描述、宣布、介绍、抱怨”： • repeat；explain；warn；remind；discuss；debate；figure；declare；claim；mention；admit；deny；describe；announce；introduce；complain。 6. “哭、叫、喊、尖叫、呻吟、叹气、争吵”：cry；call；shout；scream；moan；sigh；quarrel。 7. “问”：ask；interview；express；question。 8. “答”：answer；respond；reply。 9. “听”：listen to；hear；pick up；overhear。 10. “笑”：smile；laugh；burst into laughter；burst out laughing。 11. “哭”：cry；shed tears；weep；sob；burst into tears。 12. “吃/喝”：eat/drink；sip；have a meal；have supper；toast；taste；treat sb to；help oneself to。 13. “穿”：put on；wear；have on；be dressed in；make up；get changed；be in red；take off；remove。 14. “走、跑、爬、跳、蹦、滑倒、来/去、进入、移动、开车、骑车、飞行、爬行”：• walk；run；climb；jump；skip；slip；come/go；enter；move；drive；ride；fly；crawl。 15. “坐”：sit down；be seated；seat oneself；take a seat；stand。 16. “睡/休息”：• lie on one’s back/on one's side/on one's stomach；stay in bed；have a rest；take a nap；be asleep；bend；turn over；rest。 17. “写”：dictate；write sth；describe；drop a line；draw；take down/write down。 18. “拿/放”：take；bring；hold；carry；fetch；lift；put；lay；pull。 19. “抓”：take hold of；seize；grasp；scratch。 20. “打”：hit；beat；strike；blow；attack。 21. “扔”：throw；drop；fall；wave；shake。 22. “送”：send；deliver；give；offer；see off。 23. “摸/抱”：touch；fold；embrace；hug；hold；in one’s arms。 24. “踢/碰”：kick；knock；tip。 25. “找/查”：find；look for；find out；discover；explore；hunt for；search for；seek；seek for；in search of；search sb；search sp. for sth；check；examine；test；inspect。 26. “得”：get；obtain；acquire；gain；possess。 27. “失”：lose；be lost；be missing；gone；great loss。 28. “有”：have；own；conquer；occupy；possess。 29. “无”：• nothing left；the remaining thing；disappear；be missing；gone。 30. “增/减”：• rise；go up；drop；raise；bring down；reduce；increase；decrease。 31. “买/支”：• buy；purchase；afford；pay；pay off；pay for；sell；on sale；bargain；bill/cheque/cash/credit card/notes/coins。 32. “存在/消失”：• come into being；exist；appear；survive；live；show；turn up；disappear；die；pass away；be out of sight。 33. “变化”：• develop；improve；become；grow；go + bad/wrong/sour；turn + colour；change；change into；reform。 34. “成功/失败”：• make it；succeed；make progress；come true；realize one's dream；win；lose；fail to do；defeat；suffer loss；beat；turn sth. into reality。 35. “努力”：• try；manage；make efforts；attempt；do one's best；do as much as one can to do。 36. “祝贺”：• congratulate sb. on sth.；celebrate；observe；get together。 37. “欣赏”：• admire；respect；show respect for/to；adore；envy；be jealousy。 38. “赞美/批评”：• praise；think highly of；blame sb for sth；sb is to blame；criticize/scold sb. for sth.；have a low opinion of sb。 39. “喜/恶”：• like；love；be fond of；be keen on；be crazy about；adore；be into；prefer；enjoy；dislike；hate；ignore。 40. “到达”：• arrive at；reach；return to；get to；stay in sp. 41. “受伤”：• hurt；injure；wound；cut；kill；drown；bleed；get burnt；suffer from；suffer a loss。 42. “损坏”：• damage；destroy；ruin；break down；crash；be broken。 43. “修复”：• repair；rebuild；restore；fix；recover oneself。 44. “认识的过程”：• feel；sense；guess；suppose；wonder；doubt；know；learn；realize；understand；remember；be familiar with；recall；recite；apply to。 45. “认为，判断”：• think；believe；consider；find；feel；conclude；infer；doubt。 46. “想/考虑”：• think of...as...；think about；consider；think over。 47. “支持/反对”：• agree；disagree；accept；receive；refuse；turn down；be against；elect；vote for；against。 48. “花费”：• sth/doing sth + cost；sb + spend + (in) doing sth；sb afford + n/to do sth；It + takes/took some time/money/energy to do sth；sb pay some money for sth。 49. “省/存钱”：• save；save up；set aside；put away。 50. “参加”：• take part in；join；join in；attend；compete in/for/against。 51. “控告”：• accuse sb. of；charge sb. with。 52. “救治/帮助”：• help；help out；save；rescue sb from sth.；treat；cure sb. of sth；aid sb in doing sth/to do sth；help sb with sth；assist sb in doing sth。 53. “逃避”：• run away；escape from；flee；hide。 54. “阻止/禁止”：• prevent/keep/stop sb. from doing sth；forbid doing sth.；ban；prohibit。 55. “对待/处理”：• handle；do with；deal with；tackle；overcome sth；solve；settle。 56. “模仿”：• copy；imitate；learn from；learn。 57. “爆发/发生”：• come about；happen to；take place；break out；burst out；go off；explode。 58. “安装/装备”：• fasten；fix；set；equip；be armed with；be equipped with。 59. “追求”：• pursuit；ran after；seek after；chase；catch up with；Keep up with。 60. “建议”：• advise；suggest；recommend；propose；urge；demand；persuade。 61. “打算”：• plan；intend；design to do；be going to do；be about to do；will do。 62. “似乎/好像”：• seem；appear；look like；as if；as though。 63. “开办/关闭”：• open；start；set up；close；close up；end；close down。 1． We had a school trip last month and I 　 　 (enjoy) every minute of it. 【答案】enjoyed 【解析】【分析】句意：上个月我们进行了学校郊游并且我很享受旅游的每一分钟。enjoy欣赏，动词；根据last month可知时态是一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填enjoyed。 2． The man's funny jokes made all of us　 　(laugh). 【答案】laugh 【解析】【分析】句意：那人讲的有趣的笑话使我们大家都笑了。laugh，笑，动词。本题考查make sb. do sth，让某人做某事，故填laugh。 3． Linda didn't go to bed until her mother　 　(come) home. 【答案】came 【解析】【分析】句意：琳达直到她妈妈回家才去睡觉。come，来，动词。结合语句Linda didn't go to bed until her mother……home. 可知，此句要用过去时。come的过去式为came，故答案为came。 4． Clare 　 　(become) a teacher after she went to Kunming. 【答案】became 【解析】【分析】句意：克莱尔在去昆明后成为了一名老师。become，成为，动词。结合语句Clare……a teacher after she went to Kunming. 可知，此句的时态为一般过去时，become的过去式为became，故答案为became。 5． I'll give Mr Wang your message as soon as he　 　(finish) his task abroad. 【答案】finishes 【解析】【分析】句意：他一完成在国外的任务，我就把你的口信带给王先生。finish，完成，动词。结合语句 I'll give Mr Wang your message as soon as he……his task abroad. 可知，as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句要用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，主语he，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故答案为finishes。 6． I　 　(tell) him the good news as soon as I see him. 【答案】will tell 【解析】【分析】句意：我一见到他，就告诉他这个好消息。此处是主句的谓语动词，根据"as soon as"可知，这是一个时间状语从句，表示"一……就……"。当主句描述将来动作时，在含有时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句的复合句中，遵循主将从现原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。时间状语从句"as soon as I see him"用的是一般现在时，所以主句应该用一般将来时。一般将来时的结构是"will+动词原形"，故填will tell。 7． How will you go to school if it 　 　(rain) tomorrow? 【答案】rains 【解析】【分析】句意：如果明天下雨，你将如何去上学？根据主句"How will you go to school"中的"will"可知，主句描述的是将来的事情。在条件状语从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句通常用一般现在时来表示将来，且从句的主语是"it"，是第三人称单数，所以动词"rain"应该用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式rains，故填rains。 8． Mike 　 　 (be) ill yesterday, so his friend 　 　(take) him to the hospital. 【答案】was；took 【解析】【分析】句意：Mike昨天病了，所以他的朋友带他去了医院。根据时间状语yesterday可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。第一个空，主语"Mike"是第三人称单数，所以be动词的应用was；第二个空，主语"his friend"也是第三人称单数，动词take的过去式是took，故填was；took。 9． Lingling 　 　(listen) to the radio when I came in. 【答案】was listening 【解析】【分析】句意：当我进来时，玲玲正在听收音机。此处是主句的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句"when I came in"可知，此句描述的是过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，即当我进来的那一刻，玲玲正在做的事情，所以应用过去进行时，且主语"Lingling"是第三人称单数，所以助动词应用was，故填was listening。 10． Bruce's father 　 　 (work) in that company as a manager since 2018. 【答案】has worked 【解析】【分析】句意：Bruce的父亲从2018年起就在那家公司当经理。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语"since 2018"，表示从2018年到现在的一个时间段，可知本句的时态应是现在完成时，且主语"Bruce's father"是第三人称单数，所以助动词应用has，故填has worked。 11． My family 　 　(watch) TV from seven to nine last night. 【答案】were watching 【解析】【分析】句意：昨晚七点到九点，我的家人在看电视。watch"观看"，动词，作谓语，根据时间状语"from seven to nine last night"可知应用过去进行时，且主语my family 此处描述的是家庭成员共同观看电视的行为，"家庭成员"看作复数主语，因此be动词应用复数were，故填were watching。 12． Aunt Wang usually 　 　 (spend) one or two months travelling every year. 【答案】spends 【解析】【分析】句意：王阿姨每年都会花一到两个月的时间去旅行。根据时间状语" every year "，可知句子描述的是一个通常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词应用一般现在时，主语"Aunt Wang"，是一个第三人称单数的主语，因此spend应用第三人称单数形式，故填spends。 13． Mr Brown's children have all 　 　 up and left home now. （grow） 【答案】grown 【解析】【分析】句意： 布朗先生的孩子们现在都长大了，离开家了。 grow up长大，固定搭配，根据空前have可知，此处是现在完成时结构have done，此处需要动词的过去分词，grow过去分词是grown，故填grown。 14． You'd better 　 　(apologise) to Mary, or she will be unhappy. 【答案】apologise 【解析】【分析】句意：你最好向玛丽道歉，否则她会不高兴的。apologise道歉，动词。根据固定搭配had better do sth."最好做某事"，可知应填动词原形apologise。故答案为：apologise。 15． My sister 　 　(hate) travelling by air because it is too expensive. 【答案】hates 【解析】【分析】句意： 我妹妹不喜欢乘飞机旅行，因为费用太高了。 hate，憎恨，动词。空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则和is可知，空处谓语时态为一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，主语My sister为第三人称单数，故空处谓语应用三单式。故填hates。 16． Jerry often 　 　(brush) his teeth after getting up. 【答案】brushes 【解析】【分析】句意： 杰瑞起床后经常刷牙。 brush ，刷，动词。空处为句子的谓语，根据often可知，空处谓语时态为一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，主语Jerry为第三人称单数，故空处谓语应用三单式。故填brushes。 17． Don't keep me 　 　(wait)too long. 【答案】waiting 【解析】【分析】句意： 别让我等太久。 wait，等待，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中做宾语补足语，动词wait与其逻辑主语me构成逻辑上的主动关系，故空处应用现在分词做宾语补足语，此处为固定搭配keep sb doing sth，使某人持续做某事/让某人一直做某事。故填waiting。 18． I like teachers who 　 　(be) friendly, helpful and fair to each student. 【答案】are 【解析】【分析】句意：我喜欢友善、乐于助人、对每个学生都公平的老师。be，是，动词。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，引导词who 指代先行词teachers，是复数名词，结合谓语动词like，可知应用一般现在时，因此要用are，故填are。 19． The movie The Wandering Earth made me 　 　(feel) excited. 【答案】feel 【解析】【分析】句意：《流浪地球》这部电影让我感到非常兴奋。feel，感觉，动词。根据make sb. do sth可知，空格所填词为动词原形，故填feel。 20． Bob used to 　 　(play) basketball with his friends after school. 【答案】play 【解析】【分析】句意： 鲍勃过去常常放学后和朋友们一起打篮球。 play，玩耍/参加/演奏/扮演，动词。此处表示"过去常常做某事"，used to do sth，固定搭配，故空处应用动词原形。故填play。 21． Here is a photo of Jenny! She is 　 　(wear) her school clothes in it. 【答案】wearing 【解析】【分析】句意：这是珍妮的照片！她穿着学校的衣服。wear，穿着，动词。根据句子结构分析，此处应是现在进行时结构，即：be（am/is/are）+动词过去分词形式。此处空格前有be动词is，动词现在分词为wearing。故答案为：wearing。 22． Tony 　 　(visit) his grandma in the countryside if he 　 　(be) free this Sunday. 【答案】will visit；is 【解析】【分析】句意：如果这个星期天有空，Tony将看望在农村的外婆。根据this Sunday可知主从句动作都未发生，根据if可知这是一个if条件句，符合主句将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，visit，动词，参观、拜访，在主句用将来时，构成为will visit；be，系动词，是，在从句，从句主语he是第三人称单数，be用单三is；故填will visit，is。 23． It is common that a central computer 　 　(control) the traffic lights. 【答案】controls 【解析】【分析】句意：通常，一个中央电脑控制交通信号灯。control控制，动词。根据It is common that…通常……可知，句子时态为一般现在时。主语computer是单数名词，动词应用三单形式。"controls"是动词的第三人称单数形式，表示"控制"。故填controls。 24． The salad is made 　 　 apples and strawberries. 【答案】of 【解析】【分析】句意： 这份 沙拉是用苹果和草莓制成的。 be made of由……制成，看得出原材料，be made from由……制成，看不出原材料， 沙拉用苹果和草莓制成 ，看得出原材料，用be made of，故填of。 25． Those two children 　 　(dig) a hole and planted an apple tree. 【答案】dug 【解析】【分析】句意：那两个孩子挖了一个坑，种了一棵苹果树。dig挖，动词。根据planted可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。"dug"是动词"dig"的过去式，表示"挖"。故填dug。 【点评】考查一般过去时。确定动词在句子中的位置和它所表达的动作或状态。 26． Some food can be 　 　(store) for many days in the fridge. 【答案】stored 【解析】【分析】句意：一些食物可以在冰箱里存放很多天。store存放，动词。分析句子结构可知，主语food与动词store是被动关系，表示"被存放"。所以此处应用stored过去分词，作表语补足语，故填stored。 27． The news that an earthquake happened in Yunnan 　 　(spread) throughout China quickly. 【答案】spread 【解析】【分析】句意：云南发生地震的消息迅速传遍中国。spread传播，动词。根据事情发生在过去，可知句子时态为一般过去时，谓语应用动词过去式spread。故答案为： spread。 28． Jack 　 　(win) high praise for helping his classmates last term. 【答案】won 【解析】【分析】句意：杰克上学期帮助同学赢得了高度赞扬。win赢得，动词。根据时间状语 last term "上学期"，可知句子时态为一般过去时，谓语应用动词过去式won。故答案为：won。 29． Bruce 　 　(choose) to be our class monitor at the beginning of this term. 【答案】was chosen 【解析】【分析】句意：本学期初，布鲁斯被选为班长。根据 to be our class monitor 作为班长，以及时间状语 at the beginning of this term本学期初， 可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词，主语Bruce为第三人称单数，be动词用was，动词choose的过去分词为chosen。故答案为：was chosen。 30． Mrs Smith 　 　 (invite) to sing an English song at the party and she sang well. 【答案】was invited 【解析】【分析】句意：史密斯夫人应邀在聚会上唱了一首英文歌，她唱得很好。invite邀请，动词。根据 to sing an English song at the party在聚会上唱了一首英文歌，可知被邀请，再根据句子时态为一般过去时，可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was，动词invite的过去分词为invited 。故答案为：was invited。 31． Everyone was surprised 　 　(see) Grace at the party last night. 【答案】to see 【解析】【分析】句意：昨晚在派对上看到格雷斯，每个人都感到惊讶。see"看见"，动词，结合be surprised to do sth固定短语，"对做某事感到惊讶"，因此应用不定式作原因状语，故填to see。 32． The students 　 　(become) quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 【答案】became 【解析】【分析】句意：老师一进来，学生们就安静下来了。become，变得，动词。结合语句The students……quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 中的came可知，此句要用过去时，become的过去式为became，故答案为became。 33． The 1, 000-metre race is coming soon. My brother 　 　(train) hard for it now. 【答案】is training 【解析】【分析】句意：1000米赛跑即将来临。我哥哥现在正在为它努力训练。train"训练"，动词。根据时间状语now可知，应用现在进行时，其结构为：be+动词的现在分词，主语my brother是第三人称单数，be动词用is，train的现在分词是training，故填is training。 34．（2024九上·上海市）Only teamwork will 　 　 us to get the job done on time. (able) 【答案】enable 【解析】【分析】句意：只有团队合作才能使我们按时完成这项工作。will 后接动词原形，是固定搭配，able 有能力的，是形容词，其动词形式为 enable（能够），故填 enable。 35．"It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never really experienced this problem," she said. So she hoped 　 　(deal) with the problem. 【答案】to deal 【解析】【分析】句意：她说："这对我来说是一次不寻常的经历，因为我从未真正遇到过这个问题。"所以她希望解决这个问题。deal with固定短语，"处理，解决"，结合固定短语hope to do"希望做......"，不定式作宾语，故填to deal。 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$