Unit 5（知识清单） -2024-2025学年英语五年级下册单元速记·巧练系列（译林版三起）

Unit 5 Helping our parents 知 识 归 纳 语音 字母组合ing在单词中发/ɪŋ/音。如：bring, morning, sing, spring 必记单词 四会 clean擦，洗 cook烧，煮 busy忙，忙碌 garden花园，果园 sweet甜的 三会 parent父或母 grow种植 pest害虫 ladybird瓢虫 常考短语 in his garden在他的花园里 cook breakfast做早饭 help him帮助他 sweep the floor扫地 wash the dishes洗碗 eat fruit吃水果 make the bed整理床铺 clean the table擦桌子 wash clothes洗衣服 watch TV看电视 grow grapes种葡萄 in the kitchen在厨房里 big and sweet又大又甜 go away走了，离开 have tea喝茶 clean the car洗车 watch the flowers growing看花朵生长 help their parents帮助他们的父母 to be continued未完待续 必会句型 1.询问某人正在做什么的句型及答语：—What+ be动词+主语+ doing(+其他)？ —主语+ be动词+动词-ing+其他。 例：(1)—What is he doing?他正在做什么？ —He is washing the dishes.他正在洗盘子。 (2)—What are they doing?他们正在做什么？ —They are eating fruit.他们正在吃水果。 2.描述时间的句型：It is... 例: It is Saturday morning.这是星期六上午。 3.描述客观状态下某处有某物的句型：There+ be动词+名词+其他。 例: There are some pests on the grapes.葡萄上有一些害虫。 核心语法 1.现在进行时的陈述句与特殊疑问句： 现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或正在发生的事情，也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或者现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.易错易混辨析：①易混淆动词wash与clean的用法 ②易混淆动词grow与plant的用法 考 点 速 记 [考点1] 现在进行时的陈述句与特殊疑问句 【原文】Helen is washing the dishes. 海伦正在洗碗。 —What is he doing now?他现在正在做什么? —He is sleeping. 他正在睡觉。 一、现在进行时的定义： 现在进行时表示正在进行的动作或正在发生的事情，也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或者现阶段正在进行的动作。 标志性的词有look、listen、now等以及表示某一时间的短语，例：at 5 o'clock等。 二、句型结构： 1.肯定句：主语+ be动词(am/ is/ are) +动词-ing+其他。 例：Lucy is dancing in the classroom.露西正在教室里跳舞。 2.否定句：主语+ be动词(am/ is/ are) + not+动词-ing+其他。 例：My father is not cleaning his car.我的爸爸没在洗车。 3.特殊疑问句：—特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+动词-ing+其他？—主语+ be动词+动词-ing+其他。 例：—What is your brother doing now?你哥哥现在在干什么？ —He is chatting on the Internet.他在网上聊天。 三、动词现在分词的构成：★★★★ 1.大多数动词直接加-ing 如：draw—drawing look—looking 2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing 如：ride—riding have—having 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing 如：get—getting run—running sit—sitting 4.部分以字母组合ie结尾的动词，先把ie变为y，再加-ing 如：tie—tying die—dying 四、对现在进行时的陈述句画线部分提问： 1. 方法：首先确定疑问词(如what、where、why等)；然后，将疑问词代入特殊疑问句结构，即“特殊疑问词+ be动词+主语+动词-ing+其他？”。 2. 特殊疑问词的意思及用法 ①对正在进行动作的主语提问时，特殊疑问词用who(谁)，如： His friend is running.(对画线部分提问) →Who is running? ②对正在进行的动作提问时，特殊疑问词用what(什么)，如： My sister is drawing in the bedroom.(对画线部分提问) →What is your sister doing in the bedroom? ③对正在进行动作的地点提问时，特殊疑问词用where(在哪里)，如： He is sleeping in the bedroom.(对画线部分提问) →Where is he sleeping? ④对正在进行动作的原因提问时，特殊疑问词用why(为什么)，如： He is laughing because he won the game.(对画线部分提问) →Why is he laughing? 提分练 一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式。 1.do________________ 2.clean________________ 3.cook________________ 4.eat________________ 5.help________________ 6.wash________________ 7.try________________ 8.pick________________ 9.ride________________ 10.get________________ 11.walk________________ 12.make________________ 13.have________________ 14.put________________ 15.look________________ 16.sit________________ 17.swim________________ 18.skate________________ 19.study________________ 20.run________________ 21.sing________________ 22.dance________________ 23.chat________________ 24.f1y________________ 提分练 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. We ________________ (play) in the park now. 2. Listen! Someone ________________(sing) at the party. 3.—Where are they? —They ________________ (run) in the playground. 4.—What are you ________________(do)? —I________________(cook) dinner. 5. Look, the boy ________________(put) on his coat. 6.—What is Mike doing? —He ________________(sweep) the floor. 7. He likes ________________(watch) TV in the evening. 8. His sister ________________(wash) dishes every day. 9. It is eight o'clock in the morning. Nancy ________________(have) breakfast in the dining room. 10. My father is ________________(clean) the window.It will be clean. 提分练 三、用合适的特殊疑问词填空。 1.—________are you doing now? —I'm watching TV. 2.—________is making a noise outside? —I don't know. Let's go and see. 3.—________are they having a picnic? —In the park. 4.—________are you standing here? —Because I'm waiting for the bus. 提分练 四、单项选择。 ( )1. My mother usually ________ TV in the evening. A. is watching B. watch C. watches ( )2. Look! The boys ________ model planes in the classroom. A. are making B. makes C. are makeing ( )3. ________ are helping our mother in the kitchen now. A. Helen B. I C. Helen and I ( )4. Nancy likes ________ the bed every day. Look, she ________ it. A. making; making B. making; is making C. make; is making ( )5. Be quiet! The baby ________ in the bedroom now. A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping ( )6. My grandpa and grandma ________TV in the living room now. A. watch B. are watching C. watches ( )7.—________is your brother doing? —He is singing. A. What B. Where C. Why ( )8.—________is dancing there? —That's my cousin. A. Who's B. What C. Who ( )9.—________is the girl crying? —Because she can't find her mother. A. Why B. What C. Who ( )10.—________are they having a picnic? —They are having a picnic in the park. A. Where B. What C. Why 提分练 五、根据中文提示补全句子或对话。 1.—他们在做什么？ —他们在打扫教室。 —________ ________ they ________? —They ________ ________ the classroom. 2.—你的妹妹在做什么？ —她在看电视。 —________ ________ your sister ________? —She ________ ________ TV. 3.我的妈妈正在厨房里为我们做晚餐。 My mom ________ ________ ________ for us in the kitchen. 提分练 六、按要求完成句子。 1. My friend is playing football in the playground now.(对画线部分提问) ________ ________ your friend playing football now? 2. He is sleeping in the bedroom. (对画线部分提问) ________ is he ________ in the bedroom? 3. My mother is cooking breakfast in the kitchen. (对画线部分提问) ________ is cooking breakfast in the kitchen? 4. My father is driving his car.(改为否定句) My father ________ ________ driving his car. 5. I often do shopping at weekends. (用now改写句子) I ________ ________ ________ now. 6. I'm brushing my teeth.(改为复数句) ________ brushing ________ teeth. 7. Su Hai sometimes watches a film. (用now改写句子) Su Hai ________ ________ a film now. 8. Liu Tao doesn't do his homework on Saturdays.(用now替换 on Saturdays) Liu Tao ________ ________ his homework now. [考点2] 易错易混辨析 ①易混淆动词wash与clean的用法 【例题】一、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当的形式填空。 clean wash (1) Nancy sometimes the dishes after dinner. (2) Paul and Daniel are the windows in the classroom. 点拨：wash和clean都有“洗”的意思，两者的区别在于，wash通常指用水、洗涤剂、肥皂等洗掉物品或身体某部位的污物；clean则主要强调除去物体表面的灰尘，并不注重采用哪种清洁方式。题(1)，所要清洗的对象dishes需要浸泡在水中或用清洁剂清洗，所以动词用wash，且句子的主语为第三人称单数Nancy，故填washes。题(2)，擦窗户通常指去除窗户上的灰尘，所以动词用clean，因设空处前有be动词are,故填clean的现在分词cleaning。 ②易混淆动词grow与plant的用法 【例题】二、选词填空。 (1) The farmers (grow/plant) wheat(小麦) and rice every year. (2) The children will (grow/plant) some trees this Tree Planting Day. 点拨：grow和plant都可以译为“种植”，两者的区别在于，grow着重指种植之后的栽培、管理的过程，而plant则着重指“种植”这一行为。题(1)，小麦和大米在种植后需要精心的管理和照顾，故填grow。题(2)，在植树节种树主要强调“种树”这一行为，故填plant。 参考答案 [考点1] 现在进行时的陈述句与特殊疑问句 一、1.doing 2.cleaning 3.cooking 4.eating 5.helping 6.washing 7.trying 8.picking 9.riding 10.getting 11.walking 12.making 13.having 14.putting 15.looking 16.sitting 17.swimming 18.skating 19.studying 20.running 21.singing 22.dancing 23.chatting 24.flying 二、1. are playing 解析：由now可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing，主语为We, be动词用are,故填are playing. 2. is singing 解析：由Listen可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing, someone作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填is singing. 3. are running 解析：根据问句句意可推断答语应该用现在进行时回答，现在进行时的谓语结构为be doing, 主语为They, be动词用are, 故填are running. 4. doing; am cooking 解析：由are可知本对话的时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing，故分别填doing; am cooking. 5. is putting 解析：由Look可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing,主语为the boy, be动词用is, 故填is putting. 6. is sweeping 解析：由问句可知答句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing,主语为He,be动词用is, 故填is sweeping. 7. watching 解析：like doing sth.是固定用法，意为“喜欢做某事”，故填watching. 8. washes 解析：由every day可知本句时态是一般现在时，His sister是第三人称单数，其后动词用第三人称单数形式，故填washes. 9. is having 解析：由“It is eight o'clock in the morning.”可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing, 故填is having. 10. cleaning 三、1.What 2.Who 3.Where 4.Why 1.由答句可知，问句询问的是做什么,要用what提问。 2.由答句可知，问句询问的是谁，要用who提问。 3.由答句可知，问句询问的是地点，要用where提问。 4.由答句可知，问句询问的是原因，要用why提问。 四、1. C 解析：由usually可知本句时态是一般现在时，My mother是第三人称单数，其后动词用第三人称单数形式，故选C. 2. A 解析：由Look可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing, make的-ing形式是making, 故选A. 3. C 解析：由are可知主语是复数，故选C. 4. B 解析：like doing sth.是固定用法，意为“喜欢做某事”，故一空为making;由Look可知后句时态为现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing,故选B. 5. C 解析：由now可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing, 故选C. 6. B 解析：由now可知本句时态是现在进行时，谓语结构为be doing, 故选B. 7. A 解析：由答语“He is singing.”可知在询问做什么，要用What提问，故选A. 8. C 解析：由答语“That's my cousin.”可知问句问的是身份，要用Who提问，故选C. 9. A 解析：由Because可知问句在询问原因，要用Why提问，故选A. 10. A 解析：由答语“They are having a picnic in the park.”可知问句在询问地点，要用Where提问，故选A. 五、1. What are; doing; are cleaning 2. What is; doing; is watching 3. is cooking dinner 六、1. Where is 2. What; doing 3. Who 4. is not 5.am doing shopping 6.We're,our 7.is watching 8.isn't doing [考点2] 易错易混辨析 一、(1)washes (2)cleaning 二、(1)grow (2)plant 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$