专题05 阅读理解之应用文15篇（山东高考模拟）-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(山东专用)

备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(山东专用) 第一期 专题05 阅读理解之应用文15篇 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高三下·山东·开学考试）Naples is raw and unapologetically real. It’s the soul of Italy, filled with confusing streets, ancient history, and delicious food. Unlike the polished tourist centers of Rome or Florence, Naples offers a genuinely unspoiled experience. It doesn’t try to put on a show to impress; instead, it simply exists in its pure and raw form, and that’s exactly what makes it an unforgettable destination. Royal Palace of Naples Royal Palace of Naples is a must-visit for history and architecture lovers. Located in the heart of the city, it showcases the lifestyle of Italian royalty with grand halls, elegant staircases, and fantastic art collections. The palace offers breathtaking rooms with frescoes (壁画) and views of the Bay of Naples, creating a unique cultural experience. Address: Piazza del Plebiscito, 1, 80132, Napoli NA Bagno Elena Beach This beach is an ideal place to relax and cool off after a busy day of sightseeing. It’s family-friendly, with clean, calm waters and smooth sand. While there is an entrance fee, it’s affordable and well worth it, as this is the best beach option within the city. Plus, you’ll enjoy a unique view of Naples with the cityscape in the background. Address: Via Posillipo, 14, 80123 Napoli NA Napoli Sotterranea While Naples has much to offer above ground, one often overlooked aspect is the city beneath the city. This tour allows you to explore hidden tunnels and ancient remains, providing a unique glimpse into centuries of Naples’ history that you might never have imagined. Address: Piazza San Gaetano 68 Naples Castel Nuovo This castle, standing for over 800 years, is another iconic landmark of Naples. Its entrance is truly striking, featuring an arch framed by two towering columns. Inside, you’ll find a museum filled with incredible artwork, offering plenty to explore. Address: Via Vittorio Emanuele Ⅲ, 80133 Napoli NA 1．What about Naples impresses visitors most? A．Its cuisine. B．Its elegance. C．Its primitiveness. D．Its geography. 2．What is special about Napoli Sotterranea? A．It charges an entrance fee. B．It has clean and calm waters. C．It displays the ancient people’s imagination. D．It provides an underground exploration. 3．What do Royal Palace of Naples and Castel Nuovo have in common? A．They are suitable for the daring. B．They house amazing art collections. C．They are located in the city center. D．They feature the same entrance style. （2025·山东·模拟预测）Between the best restaurants to try and events to attend, having a good time in Chicago can be expensive. However, there are still plenty of options for fun on a budget. Catch a show at the Empty Bottle As one of the largest cities in the country, it’s almost guaranteed that most musicians will make a stop in Chicago while they’re on tour. And the small bar offers rare opportunities to see artists and enjoy live music up close. Plus, shows on Monday nights are usually free! Price: varies, usually less than $20 Explore architectural history on a Frank Lloyd Wright tour Beyond the gleaming skyscrapers (摩天大楼), there are other structures that prove Chicago is well-deserved for its architecture, including homes designed by famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Glances of the exterior (外观) are free, of course, but tours of the historic house are not and it is essential to reserve them ahead of time. Price: $20-$30 Hit the ice at the Maggie Daley Park Winter in Chicago can be an unforgiving time when residents are concerned about the thought of ever leaving their homes. In fact, it can be rather fun, especially if you spend some time ice skating at the Maggie Daley Park. While it’s an inexpensive activity if you rent skates, the savings increase if you bring your own skates. Price: $16 online, $18 walk-up Monday — Friday, $20 online, $22 walk-up Saturday — Sunday Wander through forests at the Morton Arboretum Want to spend an affordable day appreciating nature? Head out to Lisle to explore winding trails and forests, where you’ll find tons of nature-related activities and other outdoor programs. Don’t forget to secure a timed reservation before you head out. Price: adults $17, seniors $15, children $12 1．What is the text aimed at? A．Offering economical activities. B．Sharing guidance on safe tours. C．Encouraging outdoor programs. D．Recommending top Chicago attractions. 2．What is the similarity between the Frank Lloyd Wright tour and the wander at the Morton Arboretum? A．Allowing for natural appreciation. B．Requiring an appointment in advance. C．Providing access to historical buildings. D．Giving opportunities to see famous artists. 3．Which is the best way to save money at Maggie Daley Park? A．Walking up the park. B．Buying tickets online. C．Skating on Monday nights. D．Renting skates on the scene. （24-25高三上·山东泰安·期末）TOURS IN GOLDEN GATE NATIONAL PARKS See the Golden Gate National Parks as you’ve never seen them before. Whether you’re a local park enthusiast or a first-time park visitor, there’s something in the following two tours for you. Alcatraz Tours Escaping to Alcatraz? Enjoy the trip. And make sure to check out the Parks Conservancy’s award-winning “Doing Time: The Alcatraz Cellhouse Tour.“ The audio tour is included with the purchase of an Alcatraz tour ticket. Get your Alcatraz tickets from Alcatraz City Cruises here or call (415)981-ROCK (7625). Also try our unique Alcatraz Night Tours and Behind the Scenes Tours. You’ll get access to hidden areas of the island on small tours led by NPS rangers and historical experts from the Parks Conservancy, who help you learn more about the past. No two tours are ever the same, perfect for a birthday or other special occasion. Fort Point Candlelight Tour The Candlelight Tour of Fort Point is a popular guided program that allows visitors to experience the fort (堡垒) in a new light. This evening tour will maze through the shadows of the historic structure by candlelight and visitors will see the glimmering lights of the Golden Gate Bridge towering up above them. Upon arrival, a park ranger will check in guests and provide visitors with a lantern. A ranger will lead this 90-miute tour and interpret the history and the life that once existed within the old brick walls of Fort Point. The Candlelight Tour is a seasonal tour only offered from November 15th to February 15th and recommended age for this tour is 12 years and up. 1．What do we know about Alcatrz Tours? A．Visitors can enter hidden areas individually. B．The tours can be enjoyed only in the daytime. C．Visitors will be charged extra for the audio tour. D．Alcatraz tickets are available in two ways. 2．How long does the Candlelight Tour of Fort Point last? A．One month. B．Two months. C．Three months. D．Four months. 3．What can be expected from the two tours? A．Delicious birthday cakes. B．Sights on the Golden Gate Bridge. C．An award presented by Parks Conservancy. D．An insight into the history of the place to visit. （2025·山东·一模）Best London walking tours Sandemans New London Tours Gain an attractive insight into London’s history. Visit the City of London, stopping at St Paul’s Cathedral and the Tower of London; explore East London covering Brick lane, Cockney culture and the criminal underworld; learn about Jack the Ripper; or board on a five-venue pub crawl. Opening Times: Daily at 11:00 and 14:00 City Visitor Trail The City Visitor Trail takes you on a journey through the heart of London. Take in famous attractions such as St Paul’s Cathedral, Guildhall, the Bank of England and the Tower of London or try the themed “side-tracks”, each one moving away from the main path to give a more in-depth look at one part of the city. Opening Times: Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Check with individual attractions for entry requirements. Brit Movie Tours Join a unique movie and TV sightseeing walking tour experience in London and go on location to see incredible sets and fascinating landmarks. Local guides provide fascinating insights into the industry and there are multiple tours available, including Doctor Who, Gangster of London and Harry Potter Tour of London locations. Opening Times: Monday to Friday 9:00 am to 5:30 pm Royal Tour of London Visit three royal palaces as you journey from Big Ben to Buckingham Palace and Trafalgar Square. Along the way you will discover plots to destroy Parliament, Churchill’s hidden shelter, very expensive clubs for the rich and famous, and more. And if that’s not enough excitement, listen closely for incredible tales of man-eating pelicans (鹈鹕) and crazy lost tourists. This walking tour is run by Strawberry Tours. Opening Times: The tour starts at 10 am everyday 1．Which tour is not available for tourists working on weekdays? A．Royal Tour of London B．Sandemans New London Tours C．Brit Movie Tours D．City Visitor Trail 2．What can bring tourists thrill on the Royal Tour of London? A．Visiting some film-making locations B．Listening to some unbelievable legends C．Participating in making films D．Sampling good wine 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A travel guide B．An academic magazine C．A course brochure D．A business plan （24-25高三上·山东德州·期末）Ready to connect with your community? Ready to explore new volunteering opportunities? The LSE Volunteer Centre offers personalized 1-1 appointments, volunteering fairs, and one-off events, which can match your passions. Young Zone Trustee Young Zone Trustee is seeking a full-time associate trustee to collaborate for a year. In this role, you’ll engage in all trustee duties without assuming legal responsibility for the charity. Moreover, you’ll be paired up with a current trustee who will offer comprehensive support to facilitate your active participation. Employer: Young Trustees Movement   Deadline: 1 Feb 2025 Heritage Volunteer Embark on a nine-week journey at Mary Magdalene’s, immersing yourself in the rich tapestry (画卷) of Victorian history. Your mission is to unearth hidden stories, conduct thorough research, and craft compelling narratives that bring the heritage to life. Be prepared for a busy weekend schedule as you explore historical details. Employer: Grand Junction at Mary Magdalene’s   Deadline: 31 Jan 2025 Volunteer Abroad It’s a meaningful experience with real impact. Our programs promote peace and intercultural awareness, inspiring global youth to coexist and cooperate. The LSE Volunteer Centre offers training to equip you for this six-month journey. Join us in building a more inclusive society through cultural exchange. Employer: Inter Cultural Youth Exchange UK     Deadline: 10 Feb 2025 Tutor to Youth in Need Step forward as a dedicated online tutor, guiding youngsters through the challenges of long-term illness affecting their education. Commit one hour per week for a year in your area of expertise, making a difference in virtual chat rooms. Prior to kick-off, tailored training is provided to equip you with the necessary skills. Employer: Bright Futures UK   Deadline: 1 Mar 2025 1．What support does Young Zone Trustee offer to its volunteers? A．A reliable legal service. B．A set of free facilities. C．An experienced partner. D．A long-term employment. 2．What are the volunteers required to do by Bright Futures UK? A．Work via the Internet. B．Cure youth of diseases. C．Pair up with an educator. D．Undergo lengthy training. 3．Which project might appeal to a Victorian era enthusiast? A．Youth Zone Trustee. B．Heritage Volunteer. C．Volunteer Abroad. D．Tutor to Youth in Need. （24-25高三下·山东潍坊·开学考试）If you are a good skier and want to enjoy peaceful, untouched nature, ski touring may be your next step. A ski touring course in Grindelwald is the first-rank for an easy, beginner level ski tour. No prior ski touring experience is needed. A hiking duration of 2 hours with a backpack is not a problem for you. The goal of this course is for you to acquire the basic skills of ski touring and be prepared to take part in an easy guided ski tour. Equipment Please refer to the equipment list for your tour or course. Meanwhile, dress in layers so you can easily react to temperature changes. At our shop in Grindelwald, you can purchase technical equipment, mountain clothing, shoes, and backpacks. The range at our shop is tailored to mountain tours and our expert staff are happy to advise you on the best clothing for your tour or course. We also have technical equipment available for rent. Prices Group Course 4-6 participants CHF 215 per person Private Course 1-3 participants CHF 850 per group 4-6 participants CHF 235 per person General Information · We prioritise your safety by requiring regular training to ensure our guides have relevant, up-to-date knowledge. ·1-2 days before your tour or course, we will review the weather forecast and conditions with the mountain guide to determine if we can operate. We will contact you by phone with an update. · As soon as the minimum number of participants (group tours) is reached, we will send you a confirmation by email. · If we have to call off your tour, you have the option to reschedule to a new date, or you will receive a full refund (退款). 1．Which is a requirement for participants? A．Hiking experience. B．Beginner level skiing skills. C．Good physical strength. D．Previous touring background. 2．What can be hired in the shop? A．Thick clothes. B．Technical equipment. C．Climbing shoes. D．Multifunctional backpacks. 3．In what case can you get a full refund? A．You are hurt during the tour. B．The course is rescheduled. C．Your trip is cancelled by the organizer. D．The confirmation is delayed. （24-25高三上·山东日照·期末）The Physics Competition: Knowledge and Skills Connections Date and time May 15, 2025 2:00 pm - May 15, 2025 5:00 pm GMT Location Online About this event Physics is a fascinating subject that involves various concepts and principles. This competition aims to test students' comprehension and application of physical laws. It will feature challenging problems related to mechanics, electricity, magnetism, and thermodynamics. By participating in this competition, students can enhance their problem-solving skills and deepen their understanding of physics. Who should attend This competition is open to not only regular high school students but also members of physics clubs, providing a platform for students with a strong passion for physics who are actively engaged in physics club activities. Specifically, students who are preparing for college-level physics courses and are eager to study college physics knowledge in depth during high school are encouraged to participate. Awards Gold, Silver, and Bronze medals will be awarded to top performers in each category. Certificates of participation will be available for all participants. Registration fees Student Participant $75.00 School-sponsored Participant $65.00 Non-student Participant $85.00 The cancellation rule A 100% refund will be issued for cancellations made within 48 hours of registration. Cancellations made 3-7 days before the event will receive an 80% refund. A 50% refund will be given for cancellations made less than 3 days before the event. If you are interested, please register now and get ready for an exciting afternoon filled with challenges and learning! 1．What is the significance of the competition? A．To inspire students’ excellence in physics. B．To raise students' interest in physics clubs. C．To popularize the general science knowledge. D．To promote online physics learning platforms. 2．Which group might be most interested in the competition? A．College students. B．Physics lovers in high school. C．Physics instructors. D．Top performers in math clubs. 3．What is the refund if a student participant makes a cancellation four days before the event? A．$75. B．$68. C．$60. D．$52. （24-25高三上·山东枣庄·期末）Special Events — Plan Your Visit for Extra Market Magic There’s always something exciting to discover at the Market! Our line-up of unique entertainers, special cultural events and fun family programming guarantees that we have something for everyone to enjoy. Check out the special events below to see how you can participate! Wundernacht, November 20, 6 to 9 p.m. New in 2024 — experience a night of Market magic that you won’t want to miss at this adults-only (21+) event! This ticketed experience will include free food and drink samples from our food vendors, unique photo opportunities, and special entertainment.Tickets are available at general admission and VIP levels. Sankt Martinstag, November 30, 7 to 8 p.m. The Sankt Martinstag celebration serves as a reminder to live life with kindness and virtue. At this traditional German festival, families carry lighted paper lanterns and sing together as Sankt Martin leads the procession on horseback around the Market. Make your own lanterns in the Kinderecke starting at 4 p.m. and join the lantern procession at 7 p.m. German Sing-Along and Decoration Exchange, December 11, 7:30 to 9 p.m. Join us for this festive sing-along featuring German carols — no German language experience required! Then, exchange decorations in our decoration exchange by bringing a wrapped decoration to put in and selecting a new one to take out. Decorations should be $5 — 10 in value. Military Appreciation Day, December 15, 12 to 8 p.m. This special day at the Market honors active and retired military members. Please join us at 12 p.m. for a ceremony in the Winter Pavilion that will celebrate members of the military.All military personnel can receive coupons (优惠卷) for a costless hot chocolate and a free sausage at Guest Services. 1．What should you do in advance to join Sankt Martinstag? A．Buy tickets. B．Make paper lanterns. C．Practice horse-riding. D．Bring a wrapped decoration. 2．Which event favors soldiers? A．Wundernacht. B．Sankt Martinstag. C．Military Appreciation Day. D．German Sing-Along and Decoration Exchange. 3．What text type is this text? A．A news report. B．A travel diary. C．A program list. D．An advertisement. （24-25高三上·山东济南·期末）Stanford University has announced a special distance-learning opportunity for outstanding high school and university students from China with the course titled “Design Thinking into Action: Adolescent Psychological and Physical Health”. Fall course dates September 21 to November 23, 2024. (Final deadline to apply: August 31, 2024.Early-bird deadline: June 1, 2024.) Applications are considered on a rolling basis. Tuition (学费) $4000(Early-bird: $3500). 10% off for two or more sign-ups. What to gain Students who successfully complete the course will receive a Certificate of Completion from Stanford Program on International and Cross-cultural Education, Stanford University. Students will also gain practical and academic skills. ● 10“virtual classes” online in real time on Saturday mornings at 9:00 Beijing time; ● Pre-recorded, university-level lectures by leading scholars from Stanford University; ● Real-time discussions led by guest lecturers to familiarize students with the dynamics of classroom participation in Stanford University; ● Short writing assignments to improve critical thinking skills. Requirements included: ● Registration in grades 10, 11, or 12 in a high school in China with outstanding academic experience, or in year 1 or 2 in a university in China; ● Ability to read, write, and discuss complex ideas in English; ● A complete application including a written personal statement, school report and availability for a virtual interview; ● Use of a personal computer, camera, microphone, and reliable access to a broadband Internet connection. Admission to this program is competitive; up to 30 outstanding students will be accepted. 1．What is the payment for two early-bird applicants? A．$3500. B．$4000. C．$6300. D．$7000. 2．What does the course offer to students? A．Discussions with Stanford students. B．Professional instructions in writing. C．10 classes in the Standford campus. D．Some recorded lectures by experts. 3．What is a must for applicants? A．A good grasp of English. B．A recommendation letter. C．Experience in interviews. D．Completion of high school. （24-25高三上·山东·期末）If budgets are not an issue, here are some great gadgets (小配件) that might be fun to try out. Dream Walker The warmth of a sleeping bag inside a cold tent is a great experience. But that comfort is quickly taken away when you need to emerge into the freezing air. So, what if you never had to emerge? The Dream walker sleeping bag can be turned into a large overcoat. Sure, you might look funny moving around, but who cares? Know Your Taste The new MW75 Neuro headphones are able to interpret brain waves in real time. This information can be used to match playlists to your mood, know when you’re in a flow state to turn on noise-cancellation or even reduce burnout by letting you know when you have become too stressed out. Strong and Simple Thick and designed to survive a drop to the ground and potential explosions, the H6 phone from AGM is heavy, slow and lacking in features. Nevertheless, it is powerful, feature-packed, and most importantly, not easy to break, the perfect device for those more concerned about how long it lasts than style. Ecobuds (耳机) for Sustainability While Scandy’s latest earbuds don’t even last for 10 hours, that’s part of what makes their Ecobuds great. Instead of a lithium-powered (锂电驱动的) charging case, which is hard to recycle, they use a small pad. This, via a USB jack, can be connected to wall chargers, power banks or even your smartphone, to bring these earbuds back up to full charge in around 40 minutes. 1．What do the MW75 Neuro headphones do when you’re focused on your work? A．They reduce burnout. B．They block out unwanted noises. C．They track your exercise. D．They match playlists to your mood. 2．What is a feature of Scandy’s Ecobuds? A．They have an extended battery life. B．They take hours to fully recharge. C．They last over 10 hours on one charge. D．They use a sustainable charging method. 3．What do the gadgets have in common? A．They are expensive. B．They are fashionable. C．They value sustainability. D．They feature high-tech. （24-25高三上·山东青岛·期末）North Vancouver Summer Camps Pear Tree Education has become one of Vancouver’s most popular educational summer camp companies, because of both the quality and wide range of our courses. Our courses will attract your children’s attention to new and challenging activities, including cooking, sports, music and dance, drama, public speaking, technology, art and academics. Programs offered Pear Tree Education is offering summer camps to boys and girls aged 7 — 9 in North Vancouver. We have summer camps at our North Vancouver location for about 7 weeks (starting on 2nd July), as well as summer camps in Kitsilano, Burnaby, East Van, Steveston, and White Rock. Individual summer camps last 1 week. Notes Camps are from 9 a.m. — 3 p.m., with options to extend these times using our optional pre-camp and/or after-camp supervision (照看) services. Guided by experienced North Vancouver school teachers, our summer camps offer exceptional levels of safety, enjoyment and education. Prices The regular price for each child is $100 per week. By booking 4 weeks or more of our Vancouver summer camps, you could save up to 20% off our regular price. We’re confident you won’t find a better value-for-money Vancouver summer camp! Additional options Pre-camp Supervision Pre-camp&After-camp Supervision After-camp Supervision 8 a.m. — 9 a.m. 8 a.m. — 5 p.m., including a small snack 3 p.m. — 5 p.m., including a small snack and a drink +$15 per day +$30 per day +$25 per day 1．What do we know about the summer camps? A．They come to an end in September. B．They offer a wide range of activities. C．They provide free supervision services. D．They are only available at one location. 2．Who are Pear Tree Education’s summer camps targeted at? A．Young kids. B．Experienced parents. C．University students. D．High school teachers. 3．What’s the regular price for a five-week summer camp? A．$80. B．$100. C．$400. D．$500. （24-25高三上·山东济宁·期末）Mother Earth News is the original guide to living wisely. Launched in 1970, each bimonthly issue of the magazine features practical and money-saving information on cutting energy costs; using renewable energy; organic gardening; green home building and remodeling; fun do-it-yourself projects and self-sufficient lifestyles. The magazine approaches environmental problems from a down-to-earth, practical, simple living, how-to standpoint. Become a preferred subscriber and claim your benefits today!Member Benefits Include: ➢ Online video learning library, featuring 450+ videos with more added every month ➢ Admission to all online video workshops, including expert interviews and live Q&. As ➢ A year of Mother Earth News magazine, backed by 50+ years of trusted DIY guidance ➢ Bonus digital subscription — access new issues anywhere life takes you ➢ Everyday member discounts on eco-friendly products in the Mother Earth News Store ➢ No limitation to online content — members get to view the new articles and project ideas before non-members can Membership price: ➢ Print Membership: $38 per year ➢ Digital Membership: $18 per year Digital magazine version only (printed version excluded) Satisfaction Guarantee: If you are not fully satisfied with Mother Earth News, simply call 800-234-3368 or email at Customer Service@ogdenpubs.com. We will issue you a full refund on all unmailed issues (printed version only). No questions asked. 1．Which article is most likely to be included in Mother Earth News? A．Moral Values may Shift with Seasons B．Build a Wind Generator for Home by Yourself C．Starry Horizons: The Future of Space Exploration D．Melting Pot of Ideas: Cultural Integration in the 21st Century 2．What is the added bonus for members? A．Visiting local libraries for free. B．Hosting a live Q&A session. C．Having a discount on digital version. D．Getting earlier access to latest articles. 3．What is the refund for the half-year subscription cancellation? A．$9. B．$18. C．$19. D．$38. 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高三上·山东潍坊·期末）MASK (Mothers Awareness on School-age Kids) is a non-profit organization created in2007 by a group of dedicated mothers who recognized the need to consistently educate families on rapidly-changing issues. MASK has served the community, for over a decade, with the goal of strengthening parent-child bonds and empowering children to make decisions from a place of knowledge and confidence. MASK fulfills its mission by engaging, educating and empowering families through the MASK E3 Institute, MASK The Magazine, the MASK Matters App, and the MASK + Live. The MASK E3 Institute is a comprehensive year long multi-year approach to building and strengthening life skills for children, including MASK Academy (kindergarten-6th grade), MASK Prep (middle and high school), and Parent University. This digital format teaches kindergarten through high school-age students social-emotional skills and tackles important topics — from drugs and alcohol to bullying and Internet safety-and gives students and parents knowledge and tools to manage these potential challenges. MASK The Magazine is the parenting manual offering solutions to the modern-day challenges families face. Readers will learn age-appropriate conversation starters, which can help open the lines of communication between parents and children. Subscribe at MASK matters. org; digital issues available at Zinio. com. The MASK Matters app gives students, parents, and teachers age-appropriate resources and is available in Spanish. Download the MASK Matters App today, and have modern-day parenting solutions right at your fingertips. Getting quick and current information has never been easier or more convenient. Available on Apple and Google Play. The MASK + Live is streamed through YouTube and feature medical doctors, clinical psychologists, professors and professionals who share their expertise and parenting advice on health, prevention and connection. Viewers are invited to join in to “ask the expert” questions and be part of the discussion. Full episodes are available on the MASK Matters app. 1．What is the aim of MASK? A．To help children grow. B．To identify mothers' needs. C．To increase household income. D．To strengthen community bonds. 2．What does the MASK E3 Institute provide? A．Effective learning tools. B．Digital-related knowledge. C．A way to build a social circle. D．Resources to handle potential challenges. 3．Which of the following allows parents to interact with experts? A．The MASK E3 Institute. B．The MASK + Live. C．The MASK Matters app. D．MASK The Magazine. （24-25高三上·山东临沂·期末）Our Jane Austen Book Box Program is designed to help schools, libraries, and community group introduce Austen to new generations and diverse readers. If you work with children in grades K-12 in the U.S. or Canada and would like to introduce them to Austen, we invite you to apply for a FREE Jane Austen Book Box. Who Can Apply Schools, libraries, and community programs serving students in grades K-12 in the U.S. and Canada can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box. Book Boxes are not available to individuals or for-profit organizations, and they are not intended for resale. How the Program Works ▶Submit an Application ●Download the Book Box Application Form. Review the books available through the program, decide which title(s) you would like to receive and how many, and add that information to the application form. You may request multiple copies of one book or a mix of several titles. Email the completed application to JABookBox@jasna.org. Pleaseapply at least six weeks in advance of when you would like the books to arrive ▶After Approval, Order the Book Box If your application is approved, you will receive a coupon code (优惠码) that will allow you to place yourorder on the Book Box page of the Jane Austen Books website. The cost of the books will be taken off in the checkout process. Book Boxes are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis until our funding for the year has been spent. ▶Report Your Results Book Box recipients must submit a report on the outcome of the project or program. Please email it to JABookBox@jasna.org. 1．Who can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box? A．Fans of Austen books. B．Bookstores in the U. S.. C．Kindergartens in Canada. D．For-profit organizations. 2．What will be received once the application is approved? A．A discount code. B．A confirmation email. C．An immediate book delivery. D．A list of books available. 3．What is the purpose of the program? A．To recommend a reading app. B．To raise fund for a reading program. C．To sell books written by Jane Austen. D．To introduce new readers to classics. （24-25高三上·山东菏泽·期末）Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college — with honors — at the same age most people graduated from high school. She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency’s human computers. One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. While NASA began using computers for the task in 1962, astronaut John Glenn refused to go into flight until Katherine checked the computer’s calculations by hand. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard’s Radeliffe College, no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science. Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor — the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term“nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discovered what causes the Auger Effect, explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium (镤). Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program. Later, she created the first program that translated code into machine language, and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) programming language. 1．What was one of Katherine Johnson’s significant contributions? A．She earned a PhD from Harvard. B．She developed a programming language. C．She explained how nuclear fission works. D．She calculated the path for major space missions. 2．Whose conclusion about stars faced opposition from leading scientists? A．Katherine Johnson’s. B．Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin’s. C．Lise Meitner’s. D．Grace Hopper’s. 3．What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A．They graduated from Harvard. B．They discovered new elements. C．They worked on something about computers. D．They were both pioneers in their own field. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(山东专用) 第一期 专题05 阅读理解之应用文15篇 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高三下·山东·开学考试）Naples is raw and unapologetically real. It’s the soul of Italy, filled with confusing streets, ancient history, and delicious food. Unlike the polished tourist centers of Rome or Florence, Naples offers a genuinely unspoiled experience. It doesn’t try to put on a show to impress; instead, it simply exists in its pure and raw form, and that’s exactly what makes it an unforgettable destination. Royal Palace of Naples Royal Palace of Naples is a must-visit for history and architecture lovers. Located in the heart of the city, it showcases the lifestyle of Italian royalty with grand halls, elegant staircases, and fantastic art collections. The palace offers breathtaking rooms with frescoes (壁画) and views of the Bay of Naples, creating a unique cultural experience. Address: Piazza del Plebiscito, 1, 80132, Napoli NA Bagno Elena Beach This beach is an ideal place to relax and cool off after a busy day of sightseeing. It’s family-friendly, with clean, calm waters and smooth sand. While there is an entrance fee, it’s affordable and well worth it, as this is the best beach option within the city. Plus, you’ll enjoy a unique view of Naples with the cityscape in the background. Address: Via Posillipo, 14, 80123 Napoli NA Napoli Sotterranea While Naples has much to offer above ground, one often overlooked aspect is the city beneath the city. This tour allows you to explore hidden tunnels and ancient remains, providing a unique glimpse into centuries of Naples’ history that you might never have imagined. Address: Piazza San Gaetano 68 Naples Castel Nuovo This castle, standing for over 800 years, is another iconic landmark of Naples. Its entrance is truly striking, featuring an arch framed by two towering columns. Inside, you’ll find a museum filled with incredible artwork, offering plenty to explore. Address: Via Vittorio Emanuele Ⅲ, 80133 Napoli NA 1．What about Naples impresses visitors most? A．Its cuisine. B．Its elegance. C．Its primitiveness. D．Its geography. 2．What is special about Napoli Sotterranea? A．It charges an entrance fee. B．It has clean and calm waters. C．It displays the ancient people’s imagination. D．It provides an underground exploration. 3．What do Royal Palace of Naples and Castel Nuovo have in common? A．They are suitable for the daring. B．They house amazing art collections. C．They are located in the city center. D．They feature the same entrance style. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是意大利那不勒斯的独特魅力，包括其历史悠久的景点如那不勒斯皇宫和新堡，以及地下探险之旅和美丽的巴尼奥埃琳娜海滩，为游客提供难忘的文化与自然体验。 1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Unlike the polished tourist centers of Rome or Florence, Naples offers a genuinely unspoiled experience. It doesn’t try to put on a show to impress; instead, it simply exists in its pure and raw form, and that’s exactly what makes it an unforgettable destination.(与罗马或佛罗伦萨那些精致的旅游中心不同，那不勒斯提供了一种真正未被破坏的体验。它并不试图通过表演来打动游客；相反，它以纯粹和原始的形式存在，而这正是让它成为一个难忘目的地的原因。)”可知，让那不勒斯成为游客们难忘目的地的原因是它提供一种真正未被破坏的体验，它以纯粹和原始的形式存在，由此可知，那不勒斯以其原始和未加修饰的形式吸引着游客。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Napoli Sotterranea部分中的“This tour allows you to explore hidden tunnels and ancient remains, providing a unique glimpse into centuries of Naples’ history that you might never have imagined.(这次游览让您探索隐藏的隧道和古老的遗迹，为您提供了一个窥视那不勒斯数百年历史的独特机会，这是您可能从未想象过的。)”可知，Napoli Sotterranea提供了一个探索地下隧道和古老遗迹的机会。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Royal Palace of Naples部分中的“Located in the heart of the city, it showcases the lifestyle of Italian royalty with grand halls, elegant staircases, and fantastic art collections.(位于城市的中心，这里通过宏伟的大厅、优雅的楼梯和令人惊叹的艺术收藏展示了意大利皇室的生活方式。)”可知，Royal Palace of Naples拥有令人惊叹的艺术收藏，结合Castel Nuovo部分中的“Inside, you’ll find a museum filled with incredible artwork, offering plenty to explore.(在里面，您会发现一个充满令人难以置信的艺术作品的博物馆，提供了丰富的探索内容。)”可知，Castel Nuovo内部有一个充满令人难以置信的艺术作品的博物馆，由此可知，两者都拥有令人惊叹的艺术收藏。故选B项。 （2025·山东·模拟预测）Between the best restaurants to try and events to attend, having a good time in Chicago can be expensive. However, there are still plenty of options for fun on a budget. Catch a show at the Empty Bottle As one of the largest cities in the country, it’s almost guaranteed that most musicians will make a stop in Chicago while they’re on tour. And the small bar offers rare opportunities to see artists and enjoy live music up close. Plus, shows on Monday nights are usually free! Price: varies, usually less than $20 Explore architectural history on a Frank Lloyd Wright tour Beyond the gleaming skyscrapers (摩天大楼), there are other structures that prove Chicago is well-deserved for its architecture, including homes designed by famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Glances of the exterior (外观) are free, of course, but tours of the historic house are not and it is essential to reserve them ahead of time. Price: $20-$30 Hit the ice at the Maggie Daley Park Winter in Chicago can be an unforgiving time when residents are concerned about the thought of ever leaving their homes. In fact, it can be rather fun, especially if you spend some time ice skating at the Maggie Daley Park. While it’s an inexpensive activity if you rent skates, the savings increase if you bring your own skates. Price: $16 online, $18 walk-up Monday — Friday, $20 online, $22 walk-up Saturday — Sunday Wander through forests at the Morton Arboretum Want to spend an affordable day appreciating nature? Head out to Lisle to explore winding trails and forests, where you’ll find tons of nature-related activities and other outdoor programs. Don’t forget to secure a timed reservation before you head out. Price: adults $17, seniors $15, children $12 1．What is the text aimed at? A．Offering economical activities. B．Sharing guidance on safe tours. C．Encouraging outdoor programs. D．Recommending top Chicago attractions. 2．What is the similarity between the Frank Lloyd Wright tour and the wander at the Morton Arboretum? A．Allowing for natural appreciation. B．Requiring an appointment in advance. C．Providing access to historical buildings. D．Giving opportunities to see famous artists. 3．Which is the best way to save money at Maggie Daley Park? A．Walking up the park. B．Buying tickets online. C．Skating on Monday nights. D．Renting skates on the scene. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了芝加哥的几项经济实惠的活动。 1．推理判断题。根据文章首段末尾句“However, there are still plenty of options for fun on a budget.(然而，在预算有限的情况下，仍然有很多娱乐选择。)”可知，文章主要介绍了芝加哥的一些花费较低的娱乐选择。因此可推知，其目的在于向读者提供经济实惠的活动。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章Frank Lloyd Wright tour部分内容“Glances of the exterior are free, of course, but tours of the historic house are not and it is essential to reserve them ahead of time.(当然，建筑的外观是免费的，但参观这座历史悠久的房子是不免费的，因此必须提前预订。)”可知，该活动中参观房子是需要提前预约的；而文章wander at the Morton Arboretum部分内容“Don’t forget to secure a timed reservation before you head out.(出发前别忘了预约好时间。)”同样提及了“预约”。由此可知，二者的共同点在于都需要提前预约。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章部分内容“Price: $13 online, $18 walk-up Monday—Friday, $20 online, $22 walk-up Saturday—Sunday(价格：周一至周五，在线13美元，走路至现场18美元；周六至周日，在线20美元，走路至现场22美元)”可知，周一至周日期间，网络购票比现场购票便宜。由此可知，最省钱的方式是网络购票。故选B项。 （24-25高三上·山东泰安·期末）TOURS IN GOLDEN GATE NATIONAL PARKS See the Golden Gate National Parks as you’ve never seen them before. Whether you’re a local park enthusiast or a first-time park visitor, there’s something in the following two tours for you. Alcatraz Tours Escaping to Alcatraz? Enjoy the trip. And make sure to check out the Parks Conservancy’s award-winning “Doing Time: The Alcatraz Cellhouse Tour.“ The audio tour is included with the purchase of an Alcatraz tour ticket. Get your Alcatraz tickets from Alcatraz City Cruises here or call (415)981-ROCK (7625). Also try our unique Alcatraz Night Tours and Behind the Scenes Tours. You’ll get access to hidden areas of the island on small tours led by NPS rangers and historical experts from the Parks Conservancy, who help you learn more about the past. No two tours are ever the same, perfect for a birthday or other special occasion. Fort Point Candlelight Tour The Candlelight Tour of Fort Point is a popular guided program that allows visitors to experience the fort (堡垒) in a new light. This evening tour will maze through the shadows of the historic structure by candlelight and visitors will see the glimmering lights of the Golden Gate Bridge towering up above them. Upon arrival, a park ranger will check in guests and provide visitors with a lantern. A ranger will lead this 90-miute tour and interpret the history and the life that once existed within the old brick walls of Fort Point. The Candlelight Tour is a seasonal tour only offered from November 15th to February 15th and recommended age for this tour is 12 years and up. 1．What do we know about Alcatrz Tours? A．Visitors can enter hidden areas individually. B．The tours can be enjoyed only in the daytime. C．Visitors will be charged extra for the audio tour. D．Alcatraz tickets are available in two ways. 2．How long does the Candlelight Tour of Fort Point last? A．One month. B．Two months. C．Three months. D．Four months. 3．What can be expected from the two tours? A．Delicious birthday cakes. B．Sights on the Golden Gate Bridge. C．An award presented by Parks Conservancy. D．An insight into the history of the place to visit. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Alcatraz Tours和Fort Point Candlelight Tour两个旅游项目的详情。 1．细节理解题。根据文章Alcatraz Tours中“Get your Alcatraz tickets from Alcatraz City Cruises here or call (415)981-ROCK (1625) (在此购买你的恶魔岛门票或者拨打(415)981-ROCK (1625))”可知，恶魔岛门票有两种获取方式。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Candlelight Tour is a seasonal tour only offered from November 15th to February 15th (烛光之旅是一个季节性旅行，只在11月15日至2月15日期间提供)”可知，烛光之旅的持续时间是三个月。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据Alcatraz Tours中“You’ll get access to hidden areas of the island on small tours led by NPS rangers and historical experts from the Parks Conservancy, who help you learn more about the past. (在国家公园管理局的护林员和公园保护协会的历史专家的带领下，你可以进入岛上的隐藏区域，他们会帮助你更多地了解过去。)”和Fort Point Candlelight Tour中“A ranger will lead this 30-miute tour and interpret the history and the life that once existed within the old brick walls of Fort Point. (一个护林员将带领这次30分钟的旅行，讲解Fort Point老砖墙内曾经存在的历史和生活。)”可知，这两个活动都能深入了解所参观地点的历史。故选D。 （2025·山东·一模）Best London walking tours Sandemans New London Tours Gain an attractive insight into London’s history. Visit the City of London, stopping at St Paul’s Cathedral and the Tower of London; explore East London covering Brick lane, Cockney culture and the criminal underworld; learn about Jack the Ripper; or board on a five-venue pub crawl. Opening Times: Daily at 11:00 and 14:00 City Visitor Trail The City Visitor Trail takes you on a journey through the heart of London. Take in famous attractions such as St Paul’s Cathedral, Guildhall, the Bank of England and the Tower of London or try the themed “side-tracks”, each one moving away from the main path to give a more in-depth look at one part of the city. Opening Times: Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Check with individual attractions for entry requirements. Brit Movie Tours Join a unique movie and TV sightseeing walking tour experience in London and go on location to see incredible sets and fascinating landmarks. Local guides provide fascinating insights into the industry and there are multiple tours available, including Doctor Who, Gangster of London and Harry Potter Tour of London locations. Opening Times: Monday to Friday 9:00 am to 5:30 pm Royal Tour of London Visit three royal palaces as you journey from Big Ben to Buckingham Palace and Trafalgar Square. Along the way you will discover plots to destroy Parliament, Churchill’s hidden shelter, very expensive clubs for the rich and famous, and more. And if that’s not enough excitement, listen closely for incredible tales of man-eating pelicans (鹈鹕) and crazy lost tourists. This walking tour is run by Strawberry Tours. Opening Times: The tour starts at 10 am everyday 1．Which tour is not available for tourists working on weekdays? A．Royal Tour of London B．Sandemans New London Tours C．Brit Movie Tours D．City Visitor Trail 2．What can bring tourists thrill on the Royal Tour of London? A．Visiting some film-making locations B．Listening to some unbelievable legends C．Participating in making films D．Sampling good wine 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A travel guide B．An academic magazine C．A course brochure D．A business plan 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍四个不同的伦敦徒步旅行项目。 1．细节理解题。根据Brit Movie Tours部分中“Opening Times: Monday to Friday 9:00 am to 5:30 pm(开放时间：星期一至五上午九时至下午五时三十分)”可知，Brit Movie Tours在工作日开放，故不适合工作日上班的人，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Royal Tour of London部分中“And if that’s not enough excitement, listen closely for incredible tales of man-eating pelicans (鹈鹕) and crazy lost tourists.(如果这还不够刺激，请仔细听关于食人鹈鹕和疯狂迷路的游客的令人难以置信的故事)”可知，听一些传奇故事会带给游客刺激，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据全文内容以及标题“Best London walking tours(伦敦最佳徒步游)”可知，文章介绍四个不同的伦敦徒步旅行项目，可能出自旅游指南，故选A。 （24-25高三上·山东德州·期末）Ready to connect with your community? Ready to explore new volunteering opportunities? The LSE Volunteer Centre offers personalized 1-1 appointments, volunteering fairs, and one-off events, which can match your passions. Young Zone Trustee Young Zone Trustee is seeking a full-time associate trustee to collaborate for a year. In this role, you’ll engage in all trustee duties without assuming legal responsibility for the charity. Moreover, you’ll be paired up with a current trustee who will offer comprehensive support to facilitate your active participation. Employer: Young Trustees Movement   Deadline: 1 Feb 2025 Heritage Volunteer Embark on a nine-week journey at Mary Magdalene’s, immersing yourself in the rich tapestry (画卷) of Victorian history. Your mission is to unearth hidden stories, conduct thorough research, and craft compelling narratives that bring the heritage to life. Be prepared for a busy weekend schedule as you explore historical details. Employer: Grand Junction at Mary Magdalene’s   Deadline: 31 Jan 2025 Volunteer Abroad It’s a meaningful experience with real impact. Our programs promote peace and intercultural awareness, inspiring global youth to coexist and cooperate. The LSE Volunteer Centre offers training to equip you for this six-month journey. Join us in building a more inclusive society through cultural exchange. Employer: Inter Cultural Youth Exchange UK     Deadline: 10 Feb 2025 Tutor to Youth in Need Step forward as a dedicated online tutor, guiding youngsters through the challenges of long-term illness affecting their education. Commit one hour per week for a year in your area of expertise, making a difference in virtual chat rooms. Prior to kick-off, tailored training is provided to equip you with the necessary skills. Employer: Bright Futures UK   Deadline: 1 Mar 2025 1．What support does Young Zone Trustee offer to its volunteers? A．A reliable legal service. B．A set of free facilities. C．An experienced partner. D．A long-term employment. 2．What are the volunteers required to do by Bright Futures UK? A．Work via the Internet. B．Cure youth of diseases. C．Pair up with an educator. D．Undergo lengthy training. 3．Which project might appeal to a Victorian era enthusiast? A．Youth Zone Trustee. B．Heritage Volunteer. C．Volunteer Abroad. D．Tutor to Youth in Need. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了LSE志愿者中心的几个志愿者项目。 1．细节理解题。根据Young Zone Trustee部分中的“Moreover, you’ll be paired up with a current trustee who will offer comprehensive support to facilitate your active participation.(此外，您将与当前的受托人配对，该受托人将提供全面的支持，以促进您的积极参与。)”可知，Young Zone Trustee为志愿者提供有经验的受托人，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Youth in Need部分中的“Commit one hour per week for a year in your area of expertise, making a difference in virtual chat rooms. (在你的专业知识领域，每年每周花一小时，在虚拟聊天室中有所作为。)”和“Employer: Bright Futures UK”可知，Bright Futures UK需要志愿者通过互联网工作。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据Heritage Volunteer部分中的“Embark on a nine-week journey at Mary Magdalene’s, immersing yourself in the rich tapestry (画卷) of Victorian history.(在玛丽·玛格达琳（Mary Magdalene’s）进行了为期九周的旅程，沉浸在维多利亚时代历史上丰富的挂毯中。)”可知，Heritage Volunteer这个项目可能吸引维多利亚时代的爱好者，故选B。 （24-25高三下·山东潍坊·开学考试）If you are a good skier and want to enjoy peaceful, untouched nature, ski touring may be your next step. A ski touring course in Grindelwald is the first-rank for an easy, beginner level ski tour. No prior ski touring experience is needed. A hiking duration of 2 hours with a backpack is not a problem for you. The goal of this course is for you to acquire the basic skills of ski touring and be prepared to take part in an easy guided ski tour. Equipment Please refer to the equipment list for your tour or course. Meanwhile, dress in layers so you can easily react to temperature changes. At our shop in Grindelwald, you can purchase technical equipment, mountain clothing, shoes, and backpacks. The range at our shop is tailored to mountain tours and our expert staff are happy to advise you on the best clothing for your tour or course. We also have technical equipment available for rent. Prices Group Course 4-6 participants CHF 215 per person Private Course 1-3 participants CHF 850 per group 4-6 participants CHF 235 per person General Information · We prioritise your safety by requiring regular training to ensure our guides have relevant, up-to-date knowledge. ·1-2 days before your tour or course, we will review the weather forecast and conditions with the mountain guide to determine if we can operate. We will contact you by phone with an update. · As soon as the minimum number of participants (group tours) is reached, we will send you a confirmation by email. · If we have to call off your tour, you have the option to reschedule to a new date, or you will receive a full refund (退款). 1．Which is a requirement for participants? A．Hiking experience. B．Beginner level skiing skills. C．Good physical strength. D．Previous touring background. 2．What can be hired in the shop? A．Thick clothes. B．Technical equipment. C．Climbing shoes. D．Multifunctional backpacks. 3．In what case can you get a full refund? A．You are hurt during the tour. B．The course is rescheduled. C．Your trip is cancelled by the organizer. D．The confirmation is delayed. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了格林德尔瓦尔德滑雪巡回初级课程的相关信息，包括要求、设备、价格和一些常规信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“No prior ski touring experience is needed. A hiking duration of 2 hours with a backpack is not a problem for you.(不需要事先的滑雪旅游经验。背着背包徒步2小时对你来说不成问题)”可知，参加者需要有良好的体力，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Equipment部分最后一句“We also have technical equipment available for rent.(我们也有技术设备可供出租)”可知，在商店可以租赁技术设备，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“If we have to call off your tour, you have the option to reschedule to a new date, or you will receive a full refund (退款).(如果我们不得不取消您的旅行，您可以选择重新安排到一个新的日期，否则您将获得全额退款)”可知，如果组织者取消行程，你将得到全额退款，故选C。 （24-25高三上·山东日照·期末）The Physics Competition: Knowledge and Skills Connections Date and time May 15, 2025 2:00 pm - May 15, 2025 5:00 pm GMT Location Online About this event Physics is a fascinating subject that involves various concepts and principles. This competition aims to test students' comprehension and application of physical laws. It will feature challenging problems related to mechanics, electricity, magnetism, and thermodynamics. By participating in this competition, students can enhance their problem-solving skills and deepen their understanding of physics. Who should attend This competition is open to not only regular high school students but also members of physics clubs, providing a platform for students with a strong passion for physics who are actively engaged in physics club activities. Specifically, students who are preparing for college-level physics courses and are eager to study college physics knowledge in depth during high school are encouraged to participate. Awards Gold, Silver, and Bronze medals will be awarded to top performers in each category. Certificates of participation will be available for all participants. Registration fees Student Participant $75.00 School-sponsored Participant $65.00 Non-student Participant $85.00 The cancellation rule A 100% refund will be issued for cancellations made within 48 hours of registration. Cancellations made 3-7 days before the event will receive an 80% refund. A 50% refund will be given for cancellations made less than 3 days before the event. If you are interested, please register now and get ready for an exciting afternoon filled with challenges and learning! 1．What is the significance of the competition? A．To inspire students’ excellence in physics. B．To raise students' interest in physics clubs. C．To popularize the general science knowledge. D．To promote online physics learning platforms. 2．Which group might be most interested in the competition? A．College students. B．Physics lovers in high school. C．Physics instructors. D．Top performers in math clubs. 3．What is the refund if a student participant makes a cancellation four days before the event? A．$75. B．$68. C．$60. D．$52. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了一次物理竞赛的相关事项。 1．推理判断题。从文章About this event这一部分中“By participating in this competition, students can enhance their problem-solving skills and deepen their understanding of physics.(通过参加这次比赛，学生可以提高解决问题的能力，加深对物理的理解。)”可知，这个物理竞赛的意义在于鼓励学生在物理方面更加优异。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。从文章Who should attend这一部分，尤其是“Specifically, students who are preparing for college-level physics courses and are eager to study college physics knowledge in-depth during high school are encouraged to participate.(具体来说，鼓励正在准备大学物理课程并渴望在高中期间深入学习大学物理知识的学生参加。)”推断可知，对这次物理竞赛最感兴趣的应该是热爱物理的高中生。故选B项。 3． 细节理解题。从文章Registration fees中的“Student Participant: $75.00(学生参与者：$75.00)”以及“Cancellations made 3-7 days before the event will receive an 80% refund.(活动前3-7天取消将获得80%的退款。)”可知，如果学生参与者在活动前四天取消可以获得$75*80%=$60的退款。故选C项。 （24-25高三上·山东枣庄·期末）Special Events — Plan Your Visit for Extra Market Magic There’s always something exciting to discover at the Market! Our line-up of unique entertainers, special cultural events and fun family programming guarantees that we have something for everyone to enjoy. Check out the special events below to see how you can participate! Wundernacht, November 20, 6 to 9 p.m. New in 2024 — experience a night of Market magic that you won’t want to miss at this adults-only (21+) event! This ticketed experience will include free food and drink samples from our food vendors, unique photo opportunities, and special entertainment.Tickets are available at general admission and VIP levels. Sankt Martinstag, November 30, 7 to 8 p.m. The Sankt Martinstag celebration serves as a reminder to live life with kindness and virtue. At this traditional German festival, families carry lighted paper lanterns and sing together as Sankt Martin leads the procession on horseback around the Market. Make your own lanterns in the Kinderecke starting at 4 p.m. and join the lantern procession at 7 p.m. German Sing-Along and Decoration Exchange, December 11, 7:30 to 9 p.m. Join us for this festive sing-along featuring German carols — no German language experience required! Then, exchange decorations in our decoration exchange by bringing a wrapped decoration to put in and selecting a new one to take out. Decorations should be $5 — 10 in value. Military Appreciation Day, December 15, 12 to 8 p.m. This special day at the Market honors active and retired military members. Please join us at 12 p.m. for a ceremony in the Winter Pavilion that will celebrate members of the military.All military personnel can receive coupons (优惠卷) for a costless hot chocolate and a free sausage at Guest Services. 1．What should you do in advance to join Sankt Martinstag? A．Buy tickets. B．Make paper lanterns. C．Practice horse-riding. D．Bring a wrapped decoration. 2．Which event favors soldiers? A．Wundernacht. B．Sankt Martinstag. C．Military Appreciation Day. D．German Sing-Along and Decoration Exchange. 3．What text type is this text? A．A news report. B．A travel diary. C．A program list. D．An advertisement. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了市场即将举行的特别活动。 1．细节理解题。根据Sankt Martinstag部分Make your own lanterns in the Kinderecke starting at 4 p.m. and join the lantern procession at 7 p.m.(从下午4点开始，在Kinderecke自制灯笼，并在晚上7点加入灯笼游行)”可知，要参加Sankt Martinstag，您应该提前制作纸灯笼。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Military Appreciation Day部分“This special day at the Market honors active and retired military members.(这个特别的日子，市场向现役和退役的军人致敬)”可知，军人感恩日这个特别的日子是为了向现役和退役军人致敬，说明这个活动对士兵有利。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段“There’s always something exciting to discover at the Market.(市场上总是有令人兴奋的新发现)”及“Check out the special events below to see how you can participate.(查看下面的特别活动，了解如何参与)”可知，文章主要介绍了市场上一些特别的活动，并邀请人们参与，所以这是一则广告。故选D。 （24-25高三上·山东济南·期末）Stanford University has announced a special distance-learning opportunity for outstanding high school and university students from China with the course titled “Design Thinking into Action: Adolescent Psychological and Physical Health”. Fall course dates September 21 to November 23, 2024. (Final deadline to apply: August 31, 2024.Early-bird deadline: June 1, 2024.) Applications are considered on a rolling basis. Tuition (学费) $4000(Early-bird: $3500). 10% off for two or more sign-ups. What to gain Students who successfully complete the course will receive a Certificate of Completion from Stanford Program on International and Cross-cultural Education, Stanford University. Students will also gain practical and academic skills. ● 10“virtual classes” online in real time on Saturday mornings at 9:00 Beijing time; ● Pre-recorded, university-level lectures by leading scholars from Stanford University; ● Real-time discussions led by guest lecturers to familiarize students with the dynamics of classroom participation in Stanford University; ● Short writing assignments to improve critical thinking skills. Requirements included: ● Registration in grades 10, 11, or 12 in a high school in China with outstanding academic experience, or in year 1 or 2 in a university in China; ● Ability to read, write, and discuss complex ideas in English; ● A complete application including a written personal statement, school report and availability for a virtual interview; ● Use of a personal computer, camera, microphone, and reliable access to a broadband Internet connection. Admission to this program is competitive; up to 30 outstanding students will be accepted. 1．What is the payment for two early-bird applicants? A．$3500. B．$4000. C．$6300. D．$7000. 2．What does the course offer to students? A．Discussions with Stanford students. B．Professional instructions in writing. C．10 classes in the Standford campus. D．Some recorded lectures by experts. 3．What is a must for applicants? A．A good grasp of English. B．A recommendation letter. C．Experience in interviews. D．Completion of high school. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。斯坦福大学为中国优秀中学和大学生提供远程课程，文章介绍课程时间、学费、收获及申请要求。 1．细节理解题。根据Tuition (学费)部分“$4000(Early-bird: $3500). 10% off for two or more sign-ups.(4000美元（早鸟：3500美元）。两次或两次以上注册可享受10%的折扣。)”可知，早鸟价每位3500美元，两人及以上报名有10% 的折扣。那么两位早鸟价申请者需支付的费用为：3500*2*(1-10%)=6300美元。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据What to gain部分“Pre-recorded, university-level lectures by leading scholars from Stanford University;(斯坦福大学顶尖学者预先录制的大学级讲座；)”可知，该课程为学生提供一些专家录制的讲座。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Requirements included部分“Ability to read, write, and discuss complex ideas in English;(能够用英语阅读、写作和讨论复杂的想法；)”可知，申请者必须具备用英语阅读、写作和讨论复杂观点的能力，即要很好地掌握英语。故选A项。 （24-25高三上·山东·期末）If budgets are not an issue, here are some great gadgets (小配件) that might be fun to try out. Dream Walker The warmth of a sleeping bag inside a cold tent is a great experience. But that comfort is quickly taken away when you need to emerge into the freezing air. So, what if you never had to emerge? The Dream walker sleeping bag can be turned into a large overcoat. Sure, you might look funny moving around, but who cares? Know Your Taste The new MW75 Neuro headphones are able to interpret brain waves in real time. This information can be used to match playlists to your mood, know when you’re in a flow state to turn on noise-cancellation or even reduce burnout by letting you know when you have become too stressed out. Strong and Simple Thick and designed to survive a drop to the ground and potential explosions, the H6 phone from AGM is heavy, slow and lacking in features. Nevertheless, it is powerful, feature-packed, and most importantly, not easy to break, the perfect device for those more concerned about how long it lasts than style. Ecobuds (耳机) for Sustainability While Scandy’s latest earbuds don’t even last for 10 hours, that’s part of what makes their Ecobuds great. Instead of a lithium-powered (锂电驱动的) charging case, which is hard to recycle, they use a small pad. This, via a USB jack, can be connected to wall chargers, power banks or even your smartphone, to bring these earbuds back up to full charge in around 40 minutes. 1．What do the MW75 Neuro headphones do when you’re focused on your work? A．They reduce burnout. B．They block out unwanted noises. C．They track your exercise. D．They match playlists to your mood. 2．What is a feature of Scandy’s Ecobuds? A．They have an extended battery life. B．They take hours to fully recharge. C．They last over 10 hours on one charge. D．They use a sustainable charging method. 3．What do the gadgets have in common? A．They are expensive. B．They are fashionable. C．They value sustainability. D．They feature high-tech. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款高科技小配件的特点和用途。 1．细节理解题。由文章Know Your Taste部分“The new MW75 Neuro headphones are able to interpret brain waves in real time. This information can be used to match playlists to your mood, know when you’re in a flow state to turn on noise-cancellation or even reduce burnout by letting you know when you have become too stressed out. (新款MW75神经耳机能够实时解读脑电波。这些信息可用于根据你的心情匹配播放列表，在你进入心流状态时自动开启降噪功能，甚至在你压力过大时提醒你，以减少疲惫感。)”可知，MW75 Neuro耳机会屏蔽不需要的噪音。故选B。 2．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Instead of a lithium-powered (锂电驱动的) charging case, which is hard to recycle, they use a small pad. This, via a USB jack, can be connected to wall chargers, power banks or even your smartphone, to bring these earbuds back up to full charge in around 40 minutes. (它们没有使用难以回收的锂电池充电盒，而是采用了一个小垫板。这个小垫板可以通过USB接口连接到墙充、充电宝甚至你的智能手机上，只需约40分钟即可将耳机充满电。)”及本段小标题“Ecobuds (耳机) for Sustainability (可持续性耳机)”可知，Scandy的Ecobuds使用了一种可持续的充电方法，而不是难以回收的锂电池充电盒。故选D。 3．细节理解题。由文章第一段“If budgets are not an issue, here are some great gadgets (小配件) that might be fun to try out. (如果预算不是问题，以下是一些值得一试的有趣小配件。)”可知，这些小配件价格不菲。故选A。 （24-25高三上·山东青岛·期末）North Vancouver Summer Camps Pear Tree Education has become one of Vancouver’s most popular educational summer camp companies, because of both the quality and wide range of our courses. Our courses will attract your children’s attention to new and challenging activities, including cooking, sports, music and dance, drama, public speaking, technology, art and academics. Programs offered Pear Tree Education is offering summer camps to boys and girls aged 7 — 9 in North Vancouver. We have summer camps at our North Vancouver location for about 7 weeks (starting on 2nd July), as well as summer camps in Kitsilano, Burnaby, East Van, Steveston, and White Rock. Individual summer camps last 1 week. Notes Camps are from 9 a.m. — 3 p.m., with options to extend these times using our optional pre-camp and/or after-camp supervision (照看) services. Guided by experienced North Vancouver school teachers, our summer camps offer exceptional levels of safety, enjoyment and education. Prices The regular price for each child is $100 per week. By booking 4 weeks or more of our Vancouver summer camps, you could save up to 20% off our regular price. We’re confident you won’t find a better value-for-money Vancouver summer camp! Additional options Pre-camp Supervision Pre-camp&After-camp Supervision After-camp Supervision 8 a.m. — 9 a.m. 8 a.m. — 5 p.m., including a small snack 3 p.m. — 5 p.m., including a small snack and a drink +$15 per day +$30 per day +$25 per day 1．What do we know about the summer camps? A．They come to an end in September. B．They offer a wide range of activities. C．They provide free supervision services. D．They are only available at one location. 2．Who are Pear Tree Education’s summer camps targeted at? A．Young kids. B．Experienced parents. C．University students. D．High school teachers. 3．What’s the regular price for a five-week summer camp? A．$80. B．$100. C．$400. D．$500. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了北温哥华夏令营的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Our courses will attract your children’s attention to new and challenging activities, including cooking, sports, music and dance, drama, public speaking, technology, art and academics.(我们的课程将吸引您的孩子的注意力，新的和具有挑战性的活动，包括烹饪，体育，音乐和舞蹈，戏剧，公众演讲，技术，艺术和学术)”可知，夏令营提供各种各样的活动。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Pear Tree Education is offering summer camps to boys and girls aged 7 — 9 in North Vancouver.(梨树教育在北温哥华为7到9岁的男孩和女孩提供夏令营)”可知，夏令营针对的是小孩子。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据Prices中“The regular price for each child is $100 per week. By booking 4 weeks or more of our Vancouver summer camps, you could save up to 20% off our regular price.(每个孩子的正常价格是每周100美元。如果您预订为期4周或更长时间的温哥华夏令营，您可以在常规价格的基础上节省20%)”可知，一个为期五周的夏令营的正常价格是100×5×（1-20%）=400美元。故选C。 （24-25高三上·山东济宁·期末）Mother Earth News is the original guide to living wisely. Launched in 1970, each bimonthly issue of the magazine features practical and money-saving information on cutting energy costs; using renewable energy; organic gardening; green home building and remodeling; fun do-it-yourself projects and self-sufficient lifestyles. The magazine approaches environmental problems from a down-to-earth, practical, simple living, how-to standpoint. Become a preferred subscriber and claim your benefits today!Member Benefits Include: ➢ Online video learning library, featuring 450+ videos with more added every month ➢ Admission to all online video workshops, including expert interviews and live Q&. As ➢ A year of Mother Earth News magazine, backed by 50+ years of trusted DIY guidance ➢ Bonus digital subscription — access new issues anywhere life takes you ➢ Everyday member discounts on eco-friendly products in the Mother Earth News Store ➢ No limitation to online content — members get to view the new articles and project ideas before non-members can Membership price: ➢ Print Membership: $38 per year ➢ Digital Membership: $18 per year Digital magazine version only (printed version excluded) Satisfaction Guarantee: If you are not fully satisfied with Mother Earth News, simply call 800-234-3368 or email at Customer Service@ogdenpubs.com. We will issue you a full refund on all unmailed issues (printed version only). No questions asked. 1．Which article is most likely to be included in Mother Earth News? A．Moral Values may Shift with Seasons B．Build a Wind Generator for Home by Yourself C．Starry Horizons: The Future of Space Exploration D．Melting Pot of Ideas: Cultural Integration in the 21st Century 2．What is the added bonus for members? A．Visiting local libraries for free. B．Hosting a live Q&A session. C．Having a discount on digital version. D．Getting earlier access to latest articles. 3．What is the refund for the half-year subscription cancellation? A．$9. B．$18. C．$19. D．$38. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了《Mother Earth News》杂志的内容定位、会员权益及退订政策等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据文章中提到的“Launched in 1970, each bimonthly issue of the magazine features practical and money-saving information on cutting energy costs; using renewable energy; organic gardening; green home building and remodeling; fun do-it-yourself projects and self-sufficient lifestyles.(该杂志于1970年创刊，每期双月刊以实用和省钱的资讯为特色，探讨如何削减能源成本；使用可再生能源；有机园艺;绿色住宅建设与改造；有趣的自己动手的项目和自给自足的生活方式)”可推知，杂志主要涉及自给自足和环保意识相关的内容。选项B符合这些主题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章中“No limitation to online content — members get to view the new articles and project ideas before non-members can(对在线内容没有限制-会员可以在非会员之前查看新文章和项目创意)”可推知，会员福利之一就是比非会员更早获得最新的文章。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章中“Membership price: ➢ Print Membership: $38 per year(会员价格：印刷版会员每年38美元)并且在退款保证中说明“We will issue you a full refund on all unmailed issues (printed version only).(我们将对所有未邮寄的期刊进行全额退款)”可知，如果在半年的时候取消订阅未邮寄的月份，则为19美元。故选C。 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高三上·山东潍坊·期末）MASK (Mothers Awareness on School-age Kids) is a non-profit organization created in2007 by a group of dedicated mothers who recognized the need to consistently educate families on rapidly-changing issues. MASK has served the community, for over a decade, with the goal of strengthening parent-child bonds and empowering children to make decisions from a place of knowledge and confidence. MASK fulfills its mission by engaging, educating and empowering families through the MASK E3 Institute, MASK The Magazine, the MASK Matters App, and the MASK + Live. The MASK E3 Institute is a comprehensive year long multi-year approach to building and strengthening life skills for children, including MASK Academy (kindergarten-6th grade), MASK Prep (middle and high school), and Parent University. This digital format teaches kindergarten through high school-age students social-emotional skills and tackles important topics — from drugs and alcohol to bullying and Internet safety-and gives students and parents knowledge and tools to manage these potential challenges. MASK The Magazine is the parenting manual offering solutions to the modern-day challenges families face. Readers will learn age-appropriate conversation starters, which can help open the lines of communication between parents and children. Subscribe at MASK matters. org; digital issues available at Zinio. com. The MASK Matters app gives students, parents, and teachers age-appropriate resources and is available in Spanish. Download the MASK Matters App today, and have modern-day parenting solutions right at your fingertips. Getting quick and current information has never been easier or more convenient. Available on Apple and Google Play. The MASK + Live is streamed through YouTube and feature medical doctors, clinical psychologists, professors and professionals who share their expertise and parenting advice on health, prevention and connection. Viewers are invited to join in to “ask the expert” questions and be part of the discussion. Full episodes are available on the MASK Matters app. 1．What is the aim of MASK? A．To help children grow. B．To identify mothers' needs. C．To increase household income. D．To strengthen community bonds. 2．What does the MASK E3 Institute provide? A．Effective learning tools. B．Digital-related knowledge. C．A way to build a social circle. D．Resources to handle potential challenges. 3．Which of the following allows parents to interact with experts? A．The MASK E3 Institute. B．The MASK + Live. C．The MASK Matters app. D．MASK The Magazine. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是应用文。详细介绍了MASK这个非营利组织，包括其成立背景、目标、服务方式（通过MASK E3 Institute、MASK The Magazine、MASK Matters App和MASK + Live等项目）以及这些服务项目的具体内容和目的。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“MASK has served the community, for over a decade, with the goal of strengthening parent-child bonds and empowering children to make decisions from a place of knowledge and confidence.(十多年来，MASK一直为社区服务，其目标是加强亲子关系，使儿童能够在知识和信心的基础上做出决定)”可知，MASK的目的是帮助孩子成长。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The MASK E3 Institute is a comprehensive year long multi-year approach to building and strengthening life skills for children, including MASK Academy (kindergarten – 6th grade), MASK Prep (middle and high school), and Parent University. This digital format teaches kindergarten through high school-age students social-emotional skills and tackles important topics— from drugs and alcohol to bullying and Internet safety-and gives students and parents knowledge and tools to manage these potential challenges.(MASK E3研究所是一个为期一年至多年的综合性项目，旨在培养和加强儿童的生活技能，包括MASK学院（幼儿园至6年级）、MASK预科（初中和高中）以及家长大学。这一数字平台向从幼儿园到高中的学生传授社交情感技能，并探讨诸如毒品、酒精、霸凌和网络安全等重要话题，为学生和家长提供应对这些潜在挑战的知识和工具)”可知，MASK E3学院提供应对潜在挑战的资源。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The MASK + Live is streamed through YouTube and feature medical doctors, clinical psychologists, professors and professionals who share their expertise and parenting advice on health, prevention and connection. Viewers are invited to join in to “ask the expert” questions and be part of the discussion. Full episodes are available on the MASK Matters app.(MASK + Live在YouTube上播放，医生、临床心理学家、教授和专业人士分享他们在健康、预防和联系方面的专业知识和育儿建议。观众被邀请加入“问专家”的问题，并成为讨论的一部分。完整的剧集可以在MASK Matters应用程序上观看)”可知，The MASK + Live允许父母与专家互动。故选B项。 （24-25高三上·山东临沂·期末）Our Jane Austen Book Box Program is designed to help schools, libraries, and community group introduce Austen to new generations and diverse readers. If you work with children in grades K-12 in the U.S. or Canada and would like to introduce them to Austen, we invite you to apply for a FREE Jane Austen Book Box. Who Can Apply Schools, libraries, and community programs serving students in grades K-12 in the U.S. and Canada can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box. Book Boxes are not available to individuals or for-profit organizations, and they are not intended for resale. How the Program Works ▶Submit an Application ●Download the Book Box Application Form. Review the books available through the program, decide which title(s) you would like to receive and how many, and add that information to the application form. You may request multiple copies of one book or a mix of several titles. Email the completed application to JABookBox@jasna.org. Pleaseapply at least six weeks in advance of when you would like the books to arrive ▶After Approval, Order the Book Box If your application is approved, you will receive a coupon code (优惠码) that will allow you to place yourorder on the Book Box page of the Jane Austen Books website. The cost of the books will be taken off in the checkout process. Book Boxes are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis until our funding for the year has been spent. ▶Report Your Results Book Box recipients must submit a report on the outcome of the project or program. Please email it to JABookBox@jasna.org. 1．Who can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box? A．Fans of Austen books. B．Bookstores in the U. S.. C．Kindergartens in Canada. D．For-profit organizations. 2．What will be received once the application is approved? A．A discount code. B．A confirmation email. C．An immediate book delivery. D．A list of books available. 3．What is the purpose of the program? A．To recommend a reading app. B．To raise fund for a reading program. C．To sell books written by Jane Austen. D．To introduce new readers to classics. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了简·奥斯汀的图书箱计划，该计划旨在帮助学校、图书馆和社区组织向新一代和不同读者介绍简·奥斯汀的作品。文章详细讲解了申请的流程和注意事项。 1．推理判断题。根据Who Can Apply中“Schools, libraries, and community programs serving students in grades K-12 in the U.S. and Canada can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box (在美国和加拿大，为K-12年级学生提供服务的学校、图书馆和社区项目可以申请简·奥斯汀书箱)”可知，加拿大幼儿园符合申请条件。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据After Approval,Order the Book Box中“If your application is approved, you will receive a coupon code(优惠码) (如果您的申请被批准，您将收到一个优惠码)”可知，一旦申请被批准，将会收到一个优惠码。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Our Jane Austen Book Box Program is designed to help schools, libraries, and community group introduce Austen to new generations and diverse readers (我们的简·奥斯汀图书箱计划旨在帮助学校、图书馆和社区团体向新一代和不同读者介绍奥斯汀)”可知，该计划的目的是向新读者介绍经典作品。故选D。 （24-25高三上·山东菏泽·期末）Four Famous Female Scientists Katherine Johnson Katherine Johnson graduated from college — with honors — at the same age most people graduated from high school. She later applied to a program at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and earned a spot as one of the agency’s human computers. One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969. While NASA began using computers for the task in 1962, astronaut John Glenn refused to go into flight until Katherine checked the computer’s calculations by hand. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin When Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin became the first woman to receive a PhD from Harvard’s Radeliffe College, no one knew how much her doctoral paper would change the world of science. Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings. It would take more than a decade for another scientist to reach the same conclusion. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner is one of only two women to have an element named in her honor — the element with the atomic number 109 is called meitnerium. She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term“nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper. During her career, she discovered what causes the Auger Effect, explained how nuclear fission works, and uncovered the element protactinium (镤). Grace Hopper Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages. She began her career in computing and worked on the Harvard Mark I computer program. Later, she created the first program that translated code into machine language, and also developed the COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) programming language. 1．What was one of Katherine Johnson’s significant contributions? A．She earned a PhD from Harvard. B．She developed a programming language. C．She explained how nuclear fission works. D．She calculated the path for major space missions. 2．Whose conclusion about stars faced opposition from leading scientists? A．Katherine Johnson’s. B．Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin’s. C．Lise Meitner’s. D．Grace Hopper’s. 3．What do Lise Meitner and Grace Hopper have in common? A．They graduated from Harvard. B．They discovered new elements. C．They worked on something about computers. D．They were both pioneers in their own field. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四位著名女科学家。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of Katherine’s most important jobs was calculating the path of the first American manned spaceflight in 1961 and the Apollo moon landing in 1969.(凯瑟琳最重要的工作之一是计算1961年美国首次载人航天飞行和1969年阿波罗登月的路径)”可知，凯瑟琳·约翰逊的重要贡献之一是为重要的太空任务计算飞行路径，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin部分中“Her conclusion that stars are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium (氦) contradicted the main theory of the time, and some of the day’s leading scientists openly questioned her findings.(她关于恒星主要由氢和氦组成的结论与当时的主流理论相矛盾，一些当时的顶尖科学家公开质疑她的发现)”可知，Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin关于恒星的结论遭到了顶尖科学家的反对。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She was the first physics professor in Germany and the first scientist to include the term “nuclear fission (裂变)” in a published paper.(她是德国第一位物理学教授，也是第一位在发表的论文中使用“核裂变”一词的科学家)”以及最后一段“Grace Hopper was known for her pioneering work in the development of computer programming languages.(格蕾丝·霍珀因其在计算机编程语言开发方面的开创性工作而闻名)”可知，莉莎·迈特纳和格蕾丝·霍珀的共同之处是在各自领域都是先驱，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$