专题9 动词时态（1）（课件）-2025年中考二轮语法专题复习讲与练

中考二轮语法专题复习 讲与练 专题9-1 动词时态一 目录 01 一般现在时 02 一般过去时 03 一般将来时 04 即时训练 一、一般现在时的用法： 1.用来表示现在的状态，特征。如：He works in a big company. The book is very interesting. 2.表示习惯性和经常发生的动作。 如：I often go to bed at 9∶３０ 3. 表示普遍事实或客观真理。 如，The earth moves around the sun. 4.在时间、条件状语从句中, 表示将要发生的动作，即“主将从现”原则。 如，If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will leave. 01一般现在时 二、一般现在时常见标志词 常与下列时间状语连用： 1）always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, never等频度副词。 如，They usually go to school by bike. 2）once a year, twice a week, every year/day/week等。 如，He writes to his father twice a month. 三、谓语动词的构成形式： 主语+动词原形/第三人称单数形式（三单）+----. 【注意】是动词原形还是三单取决于主语，当主语是第三人称单数（he,she,it）时,谓语动词为三单，反之，则为动词原形。 如，He plays basketball everyday. I have noodles for breakfast. 动词原形变单三记住六个字母：s,es, ies.具体说， 1）一般情况直接在动词后加s,如，work- works, stay – stays 2）以s,x,ch,sh o,结尾的加es，如，watch- watches,finish- finishes 3）以辅音字母加y结尾加，如 study - studies 四、句式特点 变疑问句，否定句时，当谓语是行为动词时，要用助动词do/does，可以总结为如下公式： 一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语+动词原形+---？ 如，--- Do they live in Beijing?--- Yes, they do. No, they don’t. ---Does he write to his father twice a week? --- Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t 否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+---. 如，They don’t usually go to school by bus. 【巧学妙记】一般现在时 学习一般现在时, 基本用法要熟悉。 表示动作常发生, 特征性格和能力。 存在状态和习惯, 客观事实与真理。 如果主语是单三, 谓语要把s/es添。 句中若把助词用, 谓语动词变原形。 一、用法与标志词 1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。通常与yesterday, last year, in 1976, a few months ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。 如，I met him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上遇到他了。 2. 表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。 通常与often, usually, seldom等表示频率的副词连用, 但这种用法是以一个过去时间为前提的。 He often went to school by bus last term. 上学期他经常乘公共汽车去上学。 02一般过去时 二、谓语动词的构成形式： 主语+动词的过去式+---。过去式的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化（见不规则变化表）。 规则变化主要是加ed,具体变化如下： 1) 一般情况加ed， 如，stay - stayed 2）词尾有e的加d，如，like – liked 3）重度闭音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母（辅-元-辅），先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed.如， stop - stopped 4）以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i，再加-ed. 如， study - studied 三、句式特点 变疑问句，否定句时，当谓语是行为动词时，要用助动词did，可以总结为如下公式： 一般疑问句：Did + 主语+动词原形+---？ 如，--- Did they live in Beijing last year? ---Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+---. They didn’t go to bed until 10:00 yesterday night. 【巧学妙记】一般过去时用法 动词一般过去时, 过去时间作标记。 表示过去发生事, 谓语要用过去式。 否定句很简单, 主语之后didn’t添。 疑问构成也简单, 主语前面did添。 还有一点不能忘, 后面的谓语现原形。 一、一般将来时的用法。 (1)表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 (2)“be going to +动词原形”用于表示主观上打算将来要做某事, 这种打算往往是事先安排好的或表示可能要发生或肯定要发生的事情。例如: She has bought some cloth and she is going to make herself a dress. 她买了一些布, 准备为自己做一件连衣裙。 03一般将来时 二、一般将来时的标志词 常与表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow,next week/spring/---, in+一段时间 （一段时间之后）。如， What will happen in 100 years? 三、一般将来时的构成。 (1) will +动词原形(主语是第一人称时也可用shall +动词原形) (2) be(am, is, are)going to +动词原形 （3）be+现在分词，也就是用某些动词的现在进行时表示将来， 如，I'm coming。这些动词只限于：go, come, leave, start, move, sail, arrive, reach, get to等动词。 【巧学妙记】一般将来时用法歌诀 一般将来时, 将要发生事。 谓语不一般, will加动原。 要变一般疑问句, will放在主语前。 否定句也不难, will后面not添。 用所给动词适当形式填空 1. We _______ (have)some robots at home in the future, and there _______ (be)some in the office, too. 2. I _______ (go)to the shops. Can I get you anything? 3. Neither the headmaster nor the teachers ______ (take)a vacation next week. 4. —Do you have any plans for tonight? —Yes, I _______ (eat)at the new Italian restaurant in town. 5. —Have you finished the poster for the party? —Not yet. I ______ (finish)it in two days. 04 即时训练 答案: 1. will/are going to have; will/are going to be 2. am going/will go　3. will/are going to take　 4. will/am going to eat　5. will/am going to finish 6. —What does your mother do to keep healthy, Tim? —She usually ______ (swim). 7. Some teenagers often argue with their parents, they don’t ___ (understand) their parents. 8. —Is your mother a teacher? —Yes, she is. She _____ (teach)at a junior high school. 9. Many city people____ (ride)their bikes to work every day. 10. My grandfather usually ______ (get)up early to take a walk in the park. 答案: 6. swims　7. understand　8. teaches　9. ride　10. gets 11. John _____ (visit)his grandma every day when she was in hospital. 12. —I _______ (go)to the cinema yesterday. —It’s a pity. You didn’t invite me. 13. —A nice car! Is it yours? —No, it isn’t. I _____ (borrow)it from a friend of mine two days ago 14. —When ______ you ______ (come)here? —Two days ago. 15. —Did you go to Nanhu Park a week ago? —Yes. We ____ (have)a good time there. 答案: 11. visited　12. went　 13. borrowed　14. did; come　 15. had Thank you for listening $$