专题03 Unit 4 单元语法多题型综合练（同位语从句）-2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第三册)

Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites (译林版2020选择必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（同位语从句） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Tom didn’t believe the news he had failed the test. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：汤姆不相信他考试不及格的消息。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词news的内容，从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 2．The question remains the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：新政策是否会对经济产生长远的积极影响的问题依然存在。“the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run”是对名词The question内容的解释说明，是同位语从句，结合句意，表示“是否”，应用whether引导该从句，故填whether。 3．You have no idea anxious I have been for her safety. 【答案】how 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：你不知道我有多担心她的安全。空处引导名词性从句作idea的同位语，从句中缺少修饰anxious的程度状语，应用连接副词how作引导词，表示“多么”。故填how。 4．The question should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 【答案】who 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：会议上正在讨论谁应该做这项工作的问题。 should do the work是一个同位语从句，对名词question的内容进行解释说明，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“谁”，所以应该用连接代词who引导从句。故填who。 5．I have no idea the boy is doing in the next room now. 【答案】what 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道那个男孩现在正在隔壁房间做什么。根据空前I have no idea和空后the boy is doing可知，“_____ the boy is doing in the next room now”为“idea”的同位语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 6．There has been no news about the famous pianist will arrive. 【答案】when 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：还没有关于这位著名的钢琴家将何时到达的消息。about后跟宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少时间状语应用when，故填when。 7．We’ll discuss the problem we should go aboard the train. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们将讨论是否应该上火车。空格处引导同位语从句，表示“是否”，用whether引导同位语从句。故填whether。 8．The question we should do the work requires consideration. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们是否应该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。空处引导The question的同位语从句，从句不缺成分，但是表示“是否应该做这项工作”，所以用whether“是否”引导该从句。故填whether。 9．It was with great courage the boy told the truth he had stolen the money. 【答案】 that that 【详解】考查强调句和同位语从句。句意：正是带着巨大的勇气，这个男孩说出了实话，他偷了钱。第一空处考查强调句结构“It is/was+强调部分+that/who+其余部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that，句中被强调部分是作状语的介词短语with great courage，连接词只能用that；第二空处考查同位语从句，从句he had stolen the money是对前面名词truth内容的解释说明，从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用连接词that引导同位语从句，that不能省略。故填①that；②that。 10．There is some doubt one day humans will find cures to deal with deadly diseases, such as cancer and blood diseases 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：是否有一天人类会找到治疗致命疾病的方法，如癌症和血液疾病，还有些疑问。doubt意思为：怀疑，空处引导同位语从句，说明怀疑的内容，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 11．Evidence has been found through years of study children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when he grow up. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：经过多年的研究发现，儿童早期的睡眠问题很可能在他长大后继续存在。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明Evidence的内容，从句结构、意义完整，使用that引导，故填that。 12．I second his motion we set up a special board to tackle the problem. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我支持他的动议，即我们成立一个特别委员会来解决这个问题。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明motion，且从句中的成分和意义完整，所以应用that引导。故填that。 13．I have no idea we can do to deal with this waste materials in the future. 【答案】what 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我们将来能做些什么来处理这些废物。引导同位语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物应用what。故填what。 14．I have the belief some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one! 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我相信你们中的一些人听说过联合国教科文组织目录中的文化遗址，或者甚至参观过一个。本空引导同位语从句，对名词belief解释说明，从句成份和意义都完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 15．News came he won the first prize in the competition. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：消息传来，他在比赛中获得了第一名。news后面接同位语从句，解释说明消息的具体内容，从句中缺少连词，引导词用that。故填that。 16．While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：虽然它们在北纬88度以北很少见，但有证据表明，它们的活动范围横跨北极，向南远至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词evidence的内容，从句句意完整，且不缺少成分，用连词that引导从句。故填that。 17．In the chaos and confusion after the attack, the US Navy sent a message his family Louis had been killed in the attack. 【答案】 to that 【详解】考查介词和同位语从句。句意：袭击造成的混乱和恐慌之后，美国海军向他的家人发送了一条消息，称路易斯已在袭击中遇难。句中send a message to sb为固定短语，意为“给某人捎个信”；第二空引导的是同位语从句，对message的内容进行解释说明，引导词在从句中不作成分，只起到引导作用，用that。故填to；that。 18．I have no idea animals have the same senses as humans. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道动物是否和人类有着相同的感官。分析句子结构可知，空后的部分不缺少任何成分，且解释说明了idea的内容，故这是一个同位语从句。结合句意可知此处应填连接词whether。 19．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：随着我们对宇宙的了解越来越多，也许有一天我们会回答其他星球上是否有生命的问题。该空需要一个连接词引导同位语从句，解释question的内容，question的同位语从句的连接词应表示疑问，该从句不缺少句子成分，应使用whether，这些星球上是否有生命这是一个有待于搞清楚的问题。故填whether。 20．Some experts, however, had a feeling it was possible. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：然而，一些专家认为这是可能的。空处引导名词性从句作feeling的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 21．The proposal we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该提高公众对遗产保护的认识的建议值得考虑。空格处引导同位语从句，对名词proposal的内容进行解释和说明，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导。故填that。 22．They had no idea the temples could be saved from the rising waters. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他们不知道这些寺庙是否能从上涨的洪水中拯救出来。空处引导名词性从句作idea的同位语，同位语从句的成分完整，结合“had no idea”可知，空处表达“是否”，应用连接词whether作引导词。故填whether。 23．There is no doubt   the motive of human space exploration is plain to see. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，人类太空探索的动机是显而易见的。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词doubt的内容，从句不缺成分，且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导，there is no doubt that...为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”。故填that。 24．There is no doubt telescopes are crucial for astronomers to study the universe. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，望远镜对天文学家研究宇宙至关重要。there is no doubt that...为固定句型，表示“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句，从句不缺成分，解释说明名词doubt的内容。故填that。 25．The boy had no idea the pills were put in a tube on the cupboard close to the ceiling. 【答案】whether/when 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这个男孩不知道药片是否/何时被放在靠近天花板的橱柜上的一个管子里。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺主语、宾语、表语，句子表示“这个男孩不知道药片是否/何时被放在靠近天花板的橱柜上的一个管子里”，空格处用whether表示“是否”，或者用when表示“什么时候”，故填whether/when。 26．There is no surprise she has won the scholarship again. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：一点儿也不奇怪，她又一次获得了奖学金。分析句子可知，这里符合there is no surprise that的句型，意为“并不意外（的是）”，that引导同位语从句。故填that。 27．Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：没有人相信他缺课的理由，即他必须去机场接他的叔叔。“reason” 后面的 “he had to meet his uncle at the airport” 是对 “reason”的解释说明，即空处引导同位语从句，从句不缺成分且意思完整，应使用that引导。故填that。 28．We should consider the students’ request the school library provide more books on popular science.   【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生们关于学校图书馆提供更多科普书籍的要求。设空处引导同位语从句，对request的内容进行解释说明，引导词在从句中不作成分，且句意完整，只起到引导作用，所以此处使用that。故填that。 29．The question should be employed as the manager has not been settled. 【答案】who 【详解】考查同位语动词。句意：应该雇用谁当经理的问题还没有解决。分析句子结构可知，这是一个同位语从句，用来解释说明 the question的具体内容。从句缺少主语，且指人，所以用连接代词who引导。故填who。 30．They are faced with the problem they should continue the task or just give up. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连词。句意：他们面临着一个问题，即他们应该继续这项任务还是放弃。此处需要一个连词引导同位语从句，表示“是否”，应用whether，whether...or...“是……还是……”。故填whether。 Ⅱ.选词填空 that, how, how much, what, whether, where, why, whoever, whichever, whatever 1．The prize is to be given to arrives first. 2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. 3．It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. 4．Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for. 5．The question is the engineer will lend us a hand in solving the problem. 6．As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best. 7．The question was raised at the meeting we could raise enough money for the project. 8．The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother. 9．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything. 10．The man refused to answer the question he had paid for the car. 【答案】1．whoever 2．whatever 3．that 4．what 5．whether 6．whichever 7．how 8．where 9．why 10．how much 【解析】1．考查宾语从句。句意：奖品将颁给最先到达的人。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁，任何人”应用whoever引导。故填whoever。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：一般认为给孩子任何他或她想要的东西是不明智的。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“任何东西”应用whatever引导。故填whatever。 3．考查固定句型。句意：他突然想到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。此处为固定句型It occurred to sb. that…，表示“某人突然想到……”。故填that。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：选择正确的字典取决于你想用它做什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，应用what引导。故填what。 5．考查表语从句。句意：问题是工程师是否会帮助我们解决这个问题。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether引导。故填whether。 6．考查宾语从句。句意：多达五门课程，你可以自由选择最适合你的。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论哪个，任何一个”应用whichever。故填whichever。 7．考查同位语从句。句意：会议上提出了一个问题：我们怎样才能为这个项目筹集到足够的资金。设空处引导的是同位语从句，对question进行解释，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“怎样，如何”应用疑问词how。故填how。 8．考查表语从句。句意：迷路的小女孩决定留在原地，等待她的妈妈。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示地点应用where引导。故填where。 9．考查表语从句。句意：恐怕与其说他是个实干家，不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来没有完成过任何事情。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么”应用why引导。故填why。 10．考查同位语从句。句意：这个人拒绝回答他买这辆车花了多少钱。结合句意表示“花了多少钱”应用短语how much。故填how much。 Ⅲ.完成句子 1．We deliver the goods within one week. 我们保证在一周内将货物送到。 【答案】guarantee to/give you a guarantee that we will 【详解】考查动词短语及名词性从句。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“我们保证将做某事”，可以使用动词短语guarantee to sb. that...或give sb. a guarantee that...，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，“（我们）在一周内将货物送到”表达为that引导的名词性从句，在guarantee to sb结构中作动词guarantee宾语，或在give sb. a guarantee结构中作guarantee同位语，that在从句中不作句子成分，无词汇意义，从句表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故填guarantee to you/give you a guarantee that we will。 2． education plays a crucial role in a person’s success. 毫无疑问，教育在一个人的成功中起着至关重要的作用。 【答案】There is no doubt that 【详解】考查固定句型和同位语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“毫无疑问”，用固定句型There is no doubt that...，that引导的是同位语从句。故填There is no doubt that。 3．毫无疑问，我们的教育制度令人不满意。 (一句多译) ① our educational system is something unsatisfactory. ② our educational system is far from being satisfying. ③ , our educational system still has a long way to go to be satisfactory. 【答案】 No doubt that It is undoubted that Undoubtedly 【详解】考查固定句型和副词。结合is可知句子使用一般现在时，空处表示“毫无疑问”，可使用no doubt that，that引导同位语从句；也可使用It is undoubted that，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句；也可使用副词undoubtedly作状语，修饰整个句子。故填①No doubt that；②It is undoubted that；③Undoubtedly。 4．Most people education can change one’s life. 多数人持有这样一种观点,即教育能改变人生。 【答案】hold the view that 【详解】考查动词短语、同位语从句、时态。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作谓语，应使用动词，根据汉语提示，表示“持有”含义的动词为：hold，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时；表示“观点”含义的名词为：view；表示“即”含义的连词为：that，后跟同位语从句；所以表示“持有这样一种观点，即”含义的表达为：hold the view that，故填hold the view that。 5． smoking leads to cancer. 没有人能否认吸烟能致癌这一事实。 【答案】No one can deny the fact that 【详解】考查动词、名词和同位语从句。根据空后的smoking leads to cancer可知，空后是一个从句，本句应为主从复合句。主句主语“没有人”可表示为no one；“能”可用情态动词can表示，其后跟动词原形；“否认”可用及物动词deny表示；“……这一事实”可用the fact表示，作宾语。fact可充当被修饰词，其后的smoking leads to cancer作其同位语从句，从句成分和意义完整，应用that引导。故填No one can deny the fact that。 6． we will meet with difficulties whether we are fortunate or not. 不可否认，无论我们幸运与否，我们都会遇到困难。 【答案】There is no denying that 【详解】考查固定句型。固定句型“不可否认”为“There is no denying that”，“we will meet with difficulties whether we are fortunate or not”为that引导的同位语从句，故填There is no denying that。 7．Although I am interested in space exploration, my parents don’t support my hobby. (用in spite of改写句子) →(1) , my parents don’t support my hobby. →(2) , my parents don’t support my hobby. 【答案】 In spite of my interest in space exploration In spite of the fact that I am interested in space exploration 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：尽管我对太空探索感兴趣，但我的父母不支持我的爱好。although表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，介词短语in spite of也表示“尽管”，后面接名词或名词短语作宾语，I am interested in space exploration表示“我对太空探索感兴趣”，可以写成名词短语my interest in space exploration，也可以写成that引导的同位语从句，补充说明名词the fact，其中that没有意义，在从句中不作成分，即the fact that I am interested in space exploration，表示“我对太空探索感兴趣这一事实”，句首单词首字母大写。故填①In spite of my interest in space exploration；②In spite of the fact that I am interested in space exploration。 8．They were delighted at their team had won. 当听到他们球队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 【答案】the news that 【详解】考查同位语从句。根据句意以及仿写的原句可知，此处为that引导的同位语从句，对先行词表示“消息”的名词the news的解释和说明，从句成分完整且无需意思要求。故答案是：the news that。 9．丝绸之路为中国与世界沟通开辟了道路，这是一个普遍的观点。 【答案】This is a common view that the Silk Road opened the way for China to communicate with the world. 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“这是一个普遍的观点”句型为this is a common view that，此处为that引导的同位语从句，位于句首单词首字母需大写；从句主语为the Silk Road；表示“开辟道路”用open the way，从句发生在过去用一般过去时；表示“为中国与世界沟通”用for China to communicate with the world，其中不定式短语作定语修饰名词way。故翻译为This is a common view that the Silk Road opened the way for China to communicate with the world. 10．据我所知，许多人认为他是正确的。(一句多译) 1.As far as I know, a great many people (assume v. ) 2.As far as I know, a great many people he is right. (assume v. ) 3.As far as I know, a great many people he is right. (assumption n. ) 【答案】 assume him to be right assume that make the assumption that 【详解】考查时态和从句。三个句子都在陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。第一个空为短语“assume sb to be”的用法；第二个空“assume that”，that引导宾语从句；第三个句子为make the assumption that，that引导同位语从句。故填assume him to be right ；assume that ；make the assumption that。 11．本次展览的独特之处在于它涵盖了古埃及文明的各个方面，参观者们徜徉在历史的长河中，为古人的智慧所折服。(where) 【答案】The uniqueness of this exhibition lies in the fact that it covers all aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization, where visitors wander through the river of history and are awed by the wisdom of the ancients. 【详解】考查同位语从句和定语从句以及时态。根据句意可知，本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。“本次展览的独特之处”为The uniqueness of this exhibition，作主语；“在于”为lie in，作谓语。“事实”为the fact。后接that引导的同位语从句。“它涵盖了古埃及文明的各个方面”为 it covers all aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization；ancient Egyptian civilization同时为先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，关系副词为where。“参观者们徜徉在历史的长河中，为古人的智慧所折服”为visitors wander through the river of history and are awed by the wisdom of the ancients。故翻译为：The uniqueness of this exhibition lies in the fact that it covers all aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization, where visitors wander through the river of history and are awed by the wisdom of the ancients. 12．如果我的生活中没有她，我就不知道我能否成为一名著名的舞蹈家。（虚拟语气+同位语从句） 【答案】Without her in my life, I would have no idea whether I could be a famous dancer. 【详解】考查虚拟语气和同位语从句。“如果我的生活中没有她”表达为Without her in my life，表示的是一种与现实相反的假设，是一个含蓄条件句，因此主句用虚拟语气，构成式为：would+动词原形；主句中“我就不知道”表达为I would have no idea；“我能否成为一名著名的舞蹈家”可以表述为idea的同位语从句，表达“是否”用whether引出从句，“我成为一名著名的舞蹈家”用I could be a famous dancer” ，对idea的进一步解释和说明。故翻译为：Without her in my life, I would have no idea whether I could be a famous dancer. 13．毫无疑问，我成功地成为了篮球队的一员。是我的决心和努力帮助我实现了梦想。（同位语从句+强调句） 【答案】There was no doubt that I succeeded in becoming a member of the basketball team. It was my determination and efforts that helped me achieve my dream. 【详解】考查同位语从句和强调句。描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“毫无疑问”用固定句型There was no doubt that，that引导的是同位语从句，说明doubt的内容，“成功做某事”用固定短语succeed in doing，“成为了篮球队的一员”译为“become a member of the basketball team”，接在介词in后，用动名词，所以“我成功地成为了篮球队的一员”译为“I succeeded in becoming a member of the basketball team.”；“我的决心和努力”译为“my determination and efforts”，“帮助我实现了梦想”译为“help me achieve my dream”，根据句意可用强调句型It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他，本句强调的是主语，所以“是我的决心和努力帮助我实现了梦想”译为“It was my determination and efforts that helped me achieve my dream.”。故翻译为There was no doubt that I succeeded in becoming a member of the basketball team. It was my determination and efforts that helped me achieve my dream. 14．Howerver, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 【答案】然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而是糖。 【详解】考查同位语从句、固定句型和名词短语。句子陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时。“However”表示转折，译为“然而”，“there is increasing evidence that”是固定句型，译为“越来越多的证据表明”“the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar”是用来解释说明名词evidence的内容，为同位语从句，从句主语“the real driver of poor health”可译为“不良健康的真正推手”，not so much A as B是“与其说是A，不如说是B”的固定句型，故“is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar”可译为“并非脂肪类食物，而是糖”。故翻译为：然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而是糖。 15．女孩在阅读方面表现优于男孩，这与女孩更享受阅读有关。(汉译英) 【答案】Girls outperform boys in reading, which is related to the fact that girls enjoy reading more. 【详解】考查动词、介词短语、时态、定语从句和同位语从句。“女孩在阅读方面表现优于男孩”是主句，主语“女孩”用名词girls，谓语“表现优于”用动词outperform，描述一般性的事实用一般现在时态，使用outperform(主语为复数，谓语用原形)，宾语“男孩”用名词boys，状语“在阅读方面”用介词短语in reading；后接非限制性定语从句“这与女孩更享受阅读有关”，关系词指代主句全部内容，在从句中作主语，用which引导，从句谓语“与……有关”用短语be related to，描述一般性的事实用一般现在时态，即is related to，“女孩更享受阅读”陈述一个事实，可增加名词the fact作宾语，再用同位语从句that girls enjoy reading more对其内容进行解释说明，同位语从句中描述一般性的事实，也用一般现在时态。综上，全句译为：Girls outperform boys in reading, which is related to the fact that girls enjoy reading more. 16．针对出游高峰期交通堵塞中司机可能半路上打瞌睡的问题，现已推出无人机唤醒服务。(introduce) 【答案】To deal with the problem that drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hours, wake-up call services from drones have been introduced. 【详解】考查不定式，同位语从句和时态。前半句可以用不定式作目的状语从句，针对……的为题译为“to deal with the problem”，后面说的是问题的内容，处理成同位语从句用that连接，“出游高峰期交通堵塞中司机可能半路上打瞌睡”译为“drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hours”，“无人机唤醒服务”译为“wake-up call services from drones”，是本句的主语，谓语“推出”用动词introduce，根据句意应用现在完成时，和主语之间是被动关系，所以后半句译为“wake-up call services from drones have been introduced”，故翻译为To deal with the problem that drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hours, wake-up call services from drones have been introduced. 17．绿水青山就是金山银山的发展观，根植于“天人合一”的中华民族智慧，阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系。 (root) 【答案】The development concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver is rooted in the Chinese wisdom of “harmony between humans and nature”, elucidating the relationship between economic development and environmental protection. 【详解】考查同位语从句、动词、名词、现在分词和固定短语。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，表示“发展观”为The development concept作主语，位于句首，句首单词首字母需大写，表示“绿水青山就是金山银山”应为同位语从句解释“发展观”的内容，可译为green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以此处使用that引导同位语从句，表示“植根于”为be rooted in作谓语，用于一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词为is，表示“中华民族智慧”为the Chinese wisdom作宾语，表示““天人合一”的”为of短语作定语修饰名词the Chinese wisdom，可译为of “harmony between humans and nature”，所以“绿水青山就是金山银山的发展观，根植于“天人合一”的中华民族智慧”可译为The development concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver is rooted in the Chinese wisdom of “harmony between humans and nature”；表示“阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系”为分词短语作状语，表示“阐述”为elucidate，与主语之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式，表示“关系”为relationship作宾语，表示“经济发展和环境保护两者间的”为介词短语between economic development and environmental protection作定语修饰名词relationship，所以“阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系”可译为elucidating the relationship between economic development and environmental protection。故翻译为The development concept that green mountains and clear waters are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver is rooted in the Chinese wisdom of “harmony between humans and nature”, elucidating the relationship between economic development and environmental protection. 18．从那时起，人们就非常重视这样一个教训：在指责他人之前应该谨慎。(blame) 【答案】Since then, the lesson has been greatly valued that one should be cautious before blaming others. 【详解】考查动词时态，同位语从句以及动名词。表示“从那时起”用since then，其为现在完成时的时间标志；表示“教训”用the lesson；表示“被非常重视”用has been greatly valued，此处构成现在完成时的被动语态；表示“一个人应该谨慎”用one should be cautious；表示“在……之前”用before；表示“责备他人”用blame others，故表示“在指责他人之前应该谨慎”用that one should be cautious before blaming others，that引导同位语从句，对lesson的内容进行解释和说明；使用动名词作宾语。故翻译为Since then, the lesson has been greatly valued that one should be cautious before blaming others. 19．消息传来我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会。 【答案】Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting with its topic related to Chinese traditional customs. 【详解】考查时态，同位语从句，固定短语，主谓一致和非谓语动词。“消息传来”是word come that，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，come用过去式，that引导的是同位语从句，“我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会”描述事实，时态用一般现在时，“我们学校”是our school，“要做某事”是be going to do sth.，主语our school是单数，因此be动词用is，“举行”是hold，“一个班会”是a class meeting，“与中国传统风俗有关的”也就是“有着与中国传统风俗有关的话题”，用with表示“有着”，用with复合结构，“话题”是its topic，“和……有关”是relate to，topic和relate之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词related表被动，“中国传统风俗”是Chinese traditional custom，custom要用复数，因此整句话翻译为“Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting with its topic related to Chinese traditional customs”，故答案为Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting with its topic related to Chinese traditional customs. 20.“多一分理解，少一分指责”，这句话适用于生活的方方面面，它对社会的积极影响不可小觑。(whose) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The saying that there should be more understanding and less finger-pointing can apply to every aspect in our life, whose positive impact on society can’t be underestimated. 【详解】考查同位语从句，时态和定语从句。“这句话”用the saying that，其中that引导同位语从句，“多一分理解，少一分指责”是一句俗语，是there should be more understanding and less finger-pointing，“适用于”是can apply to，“生活的方方面面”是every aspect in our life，“它对社会的积极影响不可小觑”用定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，作定语从句的定语，用whose引导定语从句，翻译为whose positive impact on society can’t be underestimated，因此整句话翻译为“The saying that there should be more understanding and less finger-pointing can apply to every aspect in our life, whose positive impact on society can’t be underestimated”。故答案为The saying that there should be more understanding and less finger-pointing can apply to every aspect in our life, whose positive impact on society can’t be underestimated. ( 14 / 14 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites (译林版2020选择必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（同位语从句） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Tom didn’t believe the news he had failed the test. 2．The question remains the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run.【答案】 3．You have no idea anxious I have been for her safety. 4．The question should do the work is being discussed at the meeting. 5．I have no idea the boy is doing in the next room now. 6．There has been no news about the famous pianist will arrive. 7．We’ll discuss the problem we should go aboard the train. 8．The question we should do the work requires consideration. 9．It was with great courage the boy told the truth he had stolen the money. 10．There is some doubt one day humans will find cures to deal with deadly diseases, such as cancer and blood diseases 11．Evidence has been found through years of study children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when he grow up. 12．I second his motion we set up a special board to tackle the problem. 13．I have no idea we can do to deal with this waste materials in the future. 14．I have the belief some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one! 15．News came he won the first prize in the competition. 16．While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 17．In the chaos and confusion after the attack, the US Navy sent a message his family Louis had been killed in the attack. 18．I have no idea animals have the same senses as humans. 19．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. 20．Some experts, however, had a feeling it was possible. 21．The proposal we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering. 22．They had no idea the temples could be saved from the rising waters. 23．There is no doubt   the motive of human space exploration is plain to see. 24．There is no doubt telescopes are crucial for astronomers to study the universe. 25．The boy had no idea the pills were put in a tube on the cupboard close to the ceiling. 26．There is no surprise she has won the scholarship again. 27．Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport. 28．We should consider the students’ request the school library provide more books on popular science.   29．The question should be employed as the manager has not been settled. 30．They are faced with the problem they should continue the task or just give up. Ⅱ.选词填空 that, how, how much, what, whether, where, why, whoever, whichever, whatever 1．The prize is to be given to arrives first. 2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. 3．It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. 4．Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for. 5．The question is the engineer will lend us a hand in solving the problem. 6．As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best. 7．The question was raised at the meeting we could raise enough money for the project. 8．The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother. 9．I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything. 10．The man refused to answer the question he had paid for the car. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．We deliver the goods within one week. 我们保证在一周内将货物送到。 2． education plays a crucial role in a person’s success. 毫无疑问，教育在一个人的成功中起着至关重要的作用。 3．毫无疑问，我们的教育制度令人不满意。 (一句多译) ① our educational system is something unsatisfactory. ② our educational system is far from being satisfying. ③ , our educational system still has a long way to go to be satisfactory. 4．Most people education can change one’s life. 多数人持有这样一种观点,即教育能改变人生。 5． smoking leads to cancer. 没有人能否认吸烟能致癌这一事实。 6． we will meet with difficulties whether we are fortunate or not. 不可否认，无论我们幸运与否，我们都会遇到困难。 7．Although I am interested in space exploration, my parents don’t support my hobby. (用in spite of改写句子) →(1) , my parents don’t support my hobby. →(2) , my parents don’t support my hobby. 8．They were delighted at their team had won. 当听到他们球队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 9．丝绸之路为中国与世界沟通开辟了道路，这是一个普遍的观点。 10．据我所知，许多人认为他是正确的。(一句多译) ①As far as I know, a great many people (assume v. ) ②As far as I know, a great many people he is right. (assume v. ) ③As far as I know, a great many people he is right. (assumption n. ) 11．本次展览的独特之处在于它涵盖了古埃及文明的各个方面，参观者们徜徉在历史的长河中，为古人的智慧所折服。(where) 12．如果我的生活中没有她，我就不知道我能否成为一名著名的舞蹈家。（虚拟语气+同位语从句） 13．毫无疑问，我成功地成为了篮球队的一员。是我的决心和努力帮助我实现了梦想。（同位语从句+强调句） 14．Howerver, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 15．女孩在阅读方面表现优于男孩，这与女孩更享受阅读有关。(汉译英) 16．针对出游高峰期交通堵塞中司机可能半路上打瞌睡的问题，现已推出无人机唤醒服务。(introduce) 17．绿水青山就是金山银山的发展观，根植于“天人合一”的中华民族智慧，阐述了经济发展和环境保护两者间的关系。 (root) 18．从那时起，人们就非常重视这样一个教训：在指责他人之前应该谨慎。(blame) 19．消息传来我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会。 20.“多一分理解，少一分指责”，这句话适用于生活的方方面面，它对社会的积极影响不可小觑。(whose) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 2 / 4 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$