内容正文:
Unit 7 Art
名词性从句
名词性从句(Noun Clauses)
名词性从句在句子中起名词的作用,可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等成分。它由连接词(that, whether, if, 疑问词等)引导,本身具有完整的“主语+谓语”结构。
一、名词性从句的分类与用法
1. 主语从句
在句子中作主语,位于句首或由形式主语 it 代替。
连接词:that, whether, 疑问词(what/when/where/why/how)、关系代词(who/whatever)等。
- That he is late surprises me. (主语从句直接位于句首)
- It is clear that she loves music. (用 it 作形式主语)
2. 宾语从句
在句子中作动词或介词的宾语。
连接词:that(可省略)、whether/if、疑问词、关系代词。
- She said (that) she would come. (动词后作宾语,that 可省略)
- I wonder if/whether it will rain. (疑问时用 whether/if)
- Tell me what you need. (疑问词引导)
3. 表语从句
位于系动词(be, seem, look 等)后作表语。
连接词:that, whether, 疑问词、关系代词。
- The truth is that he lied.
- The question is whether we can afford it.
4. 同位语从句
对抽象名词(fact, news, idea, belief 等)进行解释说明。
连接词:通常用 that(不可省略)。
- We heard the news that our team won.
- His belief that hard work leads to success is inspiring.
二、连接词的选择
根据从句表达的内容选择连接词:
| 连接词类型 | 用法 | 例句
| that | 陈述事实,无实际意义(仅起连接作用) | He knows that I’m right.
| whether/if | 表示“是否”(whether 更正式) | I doubt whether/if she knows.
| 疑问词 | 疑问含义(what, when, where, why, how) | Ask her where she lives.
| 关系代词 | 强调身份或泛指(who, whoever, whatever) | Whoever comes is welcome.
三、注意事项与易错点
1. 语序问题:
名词性从句需用陈述句语序(主语在前,谓语在后),不可用疑问句语序。
- 错误:I don’t know where is he.
- 正确:I don’t know where he is.
2. that 的省略:
- 宾语从句中 that 可省略,但主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中不可省略。
- 正确:That he is honest is important.
- 错误:He is honest is important.
3. whether vs. if:
- 介词后或与 or not 连用时只能用 whether:
- We talked about whether (not if) he would stay.
- I’m unsure whether or not she agrees.
4. 同位语从句 vs. 定语从句:
- 同位语从句解释名词内容(无修饰关系),that 不作成分;
- 定语从句修饰名词,that 作成分(主语/宾语)。
- 同位语:The fact that he won is true. (that 不充当成分)
- 定语:The fact that he mentioned is true. (that 作 mentioned 的宾语)
5. 时态一致性:
- 主句为过去时,从句一般用过去时态(客观事实除外):
- He said that he was tired.
- She knew that the sun rises in the east. (客观事实保持一般现在时)
四、总结表格
| 类型 | 位置 | 连接词 | 示例
| 主语从句 | 句首或由 it 代替 | that, whether, 疑问词 | What he said is true.
| 宾语从句 | 动词/介词后 | that, if, 疑问词 | I believe (that) you can win.
| 表语从句 | 系动词后 | that, whether, 疑问词 | The problem is who will go.
| 同位语从句 | 抽象名词后 | that | The idea that time is money is wise.
实战练习
1.Jane attends Opportunities Academy, a program for young adults with disabilities. This was they learned about how to care about others.
2.Some parents keep complaining that they do is for their kids’ benefits, which is a little annoying.
3.What worries the patient is the medical treatment might have side effects on his digestive system.
4.It remains unknown these social changes have resulted in diverse household patterns.
5. the new mayor will take office hasn’t been made public yet.
6.What John Snow suspected was the water pump was to blame.
7.The question remains the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run.
8.The problem is method we should adopt to solve this complex problem.
9. the task can be completed on time is doubtful.
10.He made it clear he preferred to study English.
11.We still have some doubt they can complete the task on time.
12.Peter showed me that what matters is you convey your own passion so that you excite other people.
13.The reason is I missed the bus.
14.Evidence has been confirmed so far by British scientists a powerful volcano erupting under the ice sheet of West Antarctica around 325BC might still be active now.
15.However, impressed people most was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
16.A story goes he rushed out of the room without saying a word.
17.This has proved to have a negative effect on you think of your physical appearance.
18.We find it difficult we should finish the work on time.
19. wants to stay in this hotel doesn’t bother about breakfast.
20. you don’t like the party is none of my business.
21.I noticed for the first time old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama’s hair was silver now.
22.Yuan Longping realised larger fields were not the solution.
23.As an educator, people often ask me how I know is going on in the minds of my students.
24.The reason why I was late is I came across an old friend on my way to school.
25. we need to do is be prepared and take immediate action to ensure everyone’s safety.
26. different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground.
27.Everyone was always excited to see he would dream up next.
28.It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain.
29. it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
30.One characteristic of hybrids is they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.
31.Yuan was convinced the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
32. this could be done was a challenging question.
33. concerned him most was that farmers had poor harvests and often had a serious shortage of food.
34.We choose this hotel because the price is down to $ 200, half of it used to charge.
35.It is quite important for us to apply we have learned to practice.
36.The power of AI lies exactly in is often considered as its weakness.
37.Leaves contain certain temperature sensitive chemicals. That’s the leaves change color in the fall.
38. they can solve the question is still unknown.
39.We all get equal rights regardless of (不管,无论) nationality we are.
40.“The most important thing is we should live fully.”
41.Some adults think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much and they wonder you deal with school, friends and family.
42.Talk to her and decide this friendship is still important to you.
43.It all depends on you do.
44. shocked me most was how quickly the situation got worse.
45. impressed me most was that he remembered everyone’s name.
46. we get from this adventure is just sheer joy.
47.Tom failed the exam. That is he was often absent from school.
48. is also very different is students in the same class have different class schedules.
49.Our health experts tell us steps we can take to improve our situation.
50.Remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress, and you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship.
51.There is good news the stormy adolescence won’t last, so teenagers needn’t worry too much.
52.He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life, even though it may not be others expected of him.
53.There is no doubt that he did is good for us.
54. parents need to do is to look at ways to help teens and take responsibility for what we are exposing our teens to right now.
55.I noticed for the first time old Mama and Papa looked.
56.Anxious parents do they can to comfort nervous and crying children.
57.The good news is the stormy period will not last long.
58.When they closed their League offices, that was a sign they cared no longer about Mr Wilson’s presence.
59.If you follow is mentioned above, you will be accepted by people around you.
60.Ho Feng- Shan decided to give visas to applied. Consequently, he issued thousands of Shanghai visas until he ( transfer) back to China in 1940.
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
参考答案
1.where
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:简参加了“机遇学院”项目,这是一个为有残疾的年轻成年人设立的项目。在这里,他们学习了如何关心他人。空处位于系动词was后引导表语从句,结合句意可知,从句中缺少地点状语,表示在Opportunities Academy这个项目中,应用where引导从句。故填where。
2.what
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:有些父母一直抱怨说,他们所做的一切都是为了孩子的利益,这有点烦人。句中that引导宾语从句,“_____they do”是宾语从句中的主语,为主语从句,空格处在主语从句中作do的宾语,指事物,用连接词what引导。故填what。
3.that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:让病人担心的是,这种治疗可能会对他的消化系统产生副作用。横线前面有is,说明这是一个表语从句。从句中句子成分完整,且意思完整,应该填入that。故填that。
4.whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:目前尚不清楚这些社会变化是否导致了多样的家庭模式。这个句子是it作形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句中成份是完整的,结合句意可知缺少“是否”的意思,应用whether引导从句。故填whether。
5.When
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:新市长何时上任还没有公布。空处引导主语从句,表达“何时上任”之意,用连接副词when引导;句首单词首字母大写。故填When。
6.that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:约翰·斯诺怀疑是水泵出了问题。引导表语从句,从句不缺少成分,句意完整,故用that。故填that。
7.whether
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:新政策是否会对经济产生长远的积极影响的问题依然存在。“the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run”是对名词The question内容的解释说明,是同位语从句,结合句意,表示“是否”,应用whether引导该从句,故填whether。
8.what
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:问题是我们应该采用什么方法来解决这个复杂的问题。分析句子结构可知,“is”后是表语从句,从句缺少定语,修饰名词method,表示“什么”,故用连接代词what引导。故填what。
9.Whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:任务能否按时完成还是个疑问。设空处引导主语从句,从句中不缺少成分,且表示“是否”的含义,应用连词whether引导从句,句首单词首字母大写,故填Whether。
10.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:他明确表示他更喜欢学英语。it为形式宾语,空处引导名词性从句作真正的宾语,宾语从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
11.whether
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:我们对他们是否能按时完成任务还有些怀疑。空处引导同位语从句,解释说明doubt的内容,从句不缺成分,引导词表示“是否”,需用连接词whether引导。故填whether。
12.how
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:彼得告诉我,重要的是你如何表达自己的激情,这样你才能激发别人。空处引导表语从句,从句缺少方式状语,需用连接副词how引导。故填how。
13.that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:原因是我没赶上公共汽车。此处为连接词引导的表语从句,从句中不缺句子成分,且句意完整,所以此处使用连接词that。故填that。
14.that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:到目前为止,英国科学家已经证实,公元前325年左右在南极洲西部冰盖下喷发的一座强大火山现在可能仍然活跃。空处引导同位语从句,解释说明evidence的内容,从句不缺成分,引导词没有含义,需用连接词that引导。故填that。
15.what
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:然而,最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。此处为连接词引导的主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“事情”,应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
16.that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:据说,他一句话也没说就冲出了房间。引导同位语从句,对前面的名词story进行补充说明,从句句意完整,成分齐全,应用that引导,且that不能省略。故填that。
17.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:事实证明,这对你对自己外表的看法有负面影响。引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,指事物,应用连接代词what。故填what。
18.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我们发现按时完成这项工作很困难。句中的it是形式宾语,空格处引导宾语从句,从句不缺少任何成分或含义,因此用that引导。故填that。
19.Whoever
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:想住在这家旅馆的人都不用为早餐操心。分析句子结构可知,本句为主语从句。句中缺少主语,指人,表示“无论谁”,所以用连接词whoever。故填Whoever。
20.That
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:你不喜欢这个聚会与我无关。分析句子可知,这里考查主语从句,从句句意完整且不缺成分,所以应用that引导,且句首时首字母应大写。故填That。
21.how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我第一次注意到爸爸妈妈看起来有多老。爸爸看起来更矮了,妈妈的头发变成了银色。空处引导宾语从句,作noticed的宾语,修饰形容词old用how,表示“如何、多么”。故填how。
22.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:袁隆平意识到扩大耕地并不能解决问题。空处引导名词性从句作realised的宾语,宾语从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
23.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:作为一名教育工作者,人们经常问我,我是如何知道我的学生在想什么。空处引导名词性从句作know的宾语,宾语从句缺少主语,结合“is going on in the minds of my students”可知,主语指物,应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。
24.that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:我迟到的原因是我在去学校的路上遇到了一位老朋友。分析句子,空处引导表语从句,从句中结构完整,不缺少成分,应用that引导从句。故填that。
25.What
【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意:我们需要做的是做好准备,立即采取行动,确保每个人的安全。“______ we need to do”为主语从句,从句中动词“do”缺少宾语,表示“(需要做的)事情”,用连接代词what作引导词;句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
26.Why
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:之所以种植不同的作物,是因为它们能将重要的矿物质重新返回到土壤中。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句,根据句子的逻辑关系,为什么种植不同作物的原因是因为它们把重要矿物质放回地下,这里需要一个引导原因的连接词,应用连接副词why引导主语从句,在从句中作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Why。
27.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:每个人总是兴奋地期待着他接下来会想出什么新点子。空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,表示“……东西”,此处表示“他接下来会想到什么”,所以用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。
28.that
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:据估计,中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁隆平的杂交品种生产的。根据句意及空前“It is estimated”可知,此处为it is estimated that的固定句型结构,其中it为形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句句意完整,不缺少成分,应用连接词that引导,that在名词性从句中无实义,不充当句子成分。故填that。
29.Whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种,仍是一个备受争议的问题。空处引导主语从句,从句中不缺成分,但根据“ a matter of great debate”可知,是否培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种是一个备受争议的问题,所以用whether“是否”引导主语从句。该词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Whether。
30.that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:杂交品种的一个特点是它们通常比传统作物产量更高。分析句子可知,这里考查表语从句,从句句意完整且不缺成分,所以应用that引导。故填that。
31.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:袁相信,可以在杂交水稻的创造中找到答案。be convinced that... 是固定句型,表示 “确信……”,所以此处用 that引导宾语从句。故填that。
32.How
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:怎么做到这一点是一个具有挑战性的问题。空处引导主语从句,结合句意和句子成分可知,需填how,引导名词性从句作状语。句首单词首字母大写。故填How。
33.What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:他最担心的是农民收成不好,经常严重缺粮。分析句子可知,这里考查主语从句,从句中缺主语,且由句意可知,这里应用连接代词what,表“什么”,且句首时首字母应大写。故填What。
34.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我们选择这家旅馆,因为价格降到200美元,这是过去价格的一半。空格处引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语,引导词在从句中作动词charge的宾语,指代“所需的费用”,所以使用连接代词what。故填what。
35.what
【详解】考查连接词。句意:对于我们来说,将所学知识应用到实践中是非常重要的。这里需要一个连接词来引导宾语从句,并表示“……的东西”,应用what引导宾语从句,在句中充当动词learned的宾语。故填what。
36.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:人工智能的力量恰恰在于通常被认为它的弱点的地方。分析句子可知,这里考查宾语从句,从句中缺主语,应用连接代词what,表“什么”。故填what。
37.why
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:叶子含有某些对温度敏感的化学物质。这就是树叶在秋天变色的原因。空处引导表语从句,从句缺少原因状语,需用连接副词why引导。故填why。
38.Whether
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:他们是否能解决这个问题还不得而知。空处引导主语从句,结合句意可知,此处表示“是否”,使用whether引导,首字母应大写,故填Whether。
39.what
【详解】考查连接词。句意:不论我们的国籍是什么,我们都拥有平等的权利。设空处引导宾语从句,此处表示“不论国籍是什么”用what,在从句中作定语。故填what。
40.that
【详解】考查连接词。句意:最重要的是我们应该充分生活。空处为表语从句,句意和句子结构完整,连接词为that。故填that。
41.how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:有些成年人认为你们是“低头的一代”,因为你们经常使用手机,他们想知道你们是如何处理学校、朋友和家人的关系的。wonder后接宾语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,但句意不完整,结合句意可知,此处表示方式,用连接词how。故填how。
42.whether/if
【详解】考查连接词。句意:和她谈谈,决定这段友谊对你来说是否仍然重要。空处引导一个宾语从句。在宾语从句中,“是否”对应的连词是whether或if。故填whether/if。
43.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:这一切都取决于你做什么。这里考查宾语从句,从句中缺宾语,由句意可知,这里应用连接代词what,表“什么”。故填what。
44.What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:最让我震惊的是局势恶化得如此之快。本空引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语,指物,用what引导,位于句首,首字母大写。故填What。
45.What
【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意:最让我印象深刻的是,他记得每个人的名字。空处引导主语从句,且在从句中充当主语,应用连接词What,相当于The thing that。故填What。
46.What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们从这次探险中得到的是纯粹的快乐。分析句子结构可知,is是主句的谓语,is前面的内容是主语从句,空处缺少引导主语从句的连接词。主语从句we get from this adventure中缺少get的宾语,应用连接代词what引导,表示“……的东西”。句首字母大写,故填What。
47.because
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:汤姆考试不及格,那是因为他经常缺课。根据句中failed the exam和he was often absent from school可知,句子表示汤姆不及格是因为他经常缺课,所以空处应填连词because,表示“因为”,引导表语从句。故填because。
48. What that
【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意:非常不同的是同一个班的学生可以有不同的课程安排。第一空引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指物,用连接词what;第二空引导表语从句,从句不缺少成分,句意完整,应用that。故填①What;②that。
49.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:健康专家可以告诉我们可以通过哪些步骤来改善我们的健康。空格处引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语,修饰名词steps,表示“什么”,用连接代词what。故填what。
50.that
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:请记住,在与压力斗争是完全正常的,您和您的父母可以共同努力改善你们的关系。it is completely normal to struggle with the stress和you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship都是宾语从句,从句中均不缺成分,且句子意思完整,因此用连接词that引导。故填that。
51.that
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:好消息是,暴风雨般的青春期不会持续太久,所以青少年不必太担心。分析句子可知,这里考查同位语从句,且从句the stormy adolescence won’t last成分不缺,句意完整,对news进行解释说明,所以应用that。故填that。
52.what
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:他感到很开心,在选择自己的生活时,他听从了自己的内心,即使这可能不是别人对他的期望。分析句子可知,be后接表语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,用连接代词what。故填what。
53.what
【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意:毫无疑问,他所做的对我们是有好处的。固定句型:There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……,that引导同位语从句;设空处在同位语从句中,引导主语从句且在从句中作指物的宾语,应用what。故填what。
54.What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:父母需要做的是寻找帮助青少年的方法,并对我们现在让青少年接触到的东西负责。空处引导主语从句,并在从句中作do的宾语,表示“什么”,应用what引导从句,置于句首,首字母大写。故填What。
55.how
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我第一次注意到爸爸妈妈看起来有多老。空处引导宾语从句,修饰形容词old用how。故填how。
56.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:焦虑的父母尽其所能安慰紧张哭泣的孩子。do后为宾语从句,they can后省略do,宾语从句中缺少宾语,用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
57.that
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:好消息是,暴风雨期不会持续很长时间。根据空前“The good news is”可知,空处引导表语从句,从句句意完整,不缺少成分,应用连接词that引导。故填that。
58.that
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:当他们关闭联盟办公室时,这表明他们不再关心威尔逊先生的存在。空处引导同位语从句对sign内容进行说明,从句结构完整,句意完整,空处不缺少任何成分,只起连接作用,用that引导从句。故填that。
59.what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:如果你遵循上述提到的内容,你将被周围的人接受。空白处引导宾语从句,连接词指代前面提到的内容,作从句主语,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
60. whoever was transferred
【详解】考查宾语从句、时态和语态。句意:何凤山决定给任何申请的人发签证。因此,他签发了数千张上海签证,直到1940年被调回中国。第一空为宾语从句,作介词 to的宾语,在这个宾语从句中,从句缺少主语,表示“无论谁”,用连接代词whoever; 第二空根据时间状语 in 1940可知,这里要用一般过去时,句子的主语 he和 transfer之间是被动关系,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填whoever; was transferred。
答案第1页,共2页
答案第1页,共2页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$