专题04.简单句、并列句、复合句精讲（外研版）-2025届中考英语总复习（外研版）

专题04.简单句、并列句、复合句精讲 简单句 1、陈述句 说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语＋谓语＋其他 1）肯定陈述句 We all like pandas very much. 2）否定陈述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends 3）肯定陈述句改否定陈述句 ①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。 Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday. I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane. ②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式（don’t，doesn’t，didn’t），后面跟动词的原形。 He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures. I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday. 4）陈述句改一般疑问句 ①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。 Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday? I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane? ②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。 He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures. I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday? 2、疑问句 用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。 1）一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。 —Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t. —Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t. —Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t. 2）特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car. 3）选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。 —Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please. 4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。 —It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is. 3、祈使句 表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。 1）用于第二人称，通常省略you。 ①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please. ②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again. 2）用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let（let后跟宾格）或shall开头。 Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now. Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre? 4、感叹句 1）what + 名词或名词性短语 What a big garden (it is)! What an interesting storybook (it is) ! What lovely weather (it is)! What pretty girls (they are)! 2）how +形容词或副词＋主语＋动词 How nice! How beautiful the flowers are! How tall Yao Ming is! 5、there be 句型 表示在某地有某人或某物。 1）主语是单数，be动词用is(was)；主语是复数，be动词用are(were)。 There is some milk in the fridge. There are some peaches in the basket. 2）如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在，be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。 There is a ruler and five knives in the pencil case. There are five knives and a ruler in the pencil case. 3）there be句型和have/has区别： there be句型表示某地有某人或某物； have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数，其余人称和数用have。 There are some English books on the desk. I have some English books. 6、倒装句 So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语． 前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也 如此。” 前面陈述的否定情况也 适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．”这种倒装结 构。 例如： He likes playing basketball, and so do I. 他喜欢打篮球，我也喜欢。 Kate can’t speak Chinese, and I neither/ nor can Jim． 凯特不会说汉语。吉姆也不会。 注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的 看法，表示“的确如此。” “是呀。” 例如： 一 Basketball is very popular game in America． 篮球在美国是一项很受欢迎的运动。 一 So it is．的确如此。 1．[2024长沙明德一模改编]“ do you come back so late? And what’s wrong with your leg?” asked the woman. “Didn’t you take the bus?” [答案]Why [解析]考查疑问句。根据“what’s wrong with your leg”和“Didn’t you take the bus?”可知，这里问为什么这么晚才回来。故填Why。 2．[2024常德模拟]“ a simple idea it is! How easy it is to get started!” said one Weibo user. [答案]What [解析]考查感叹句。空处所在句是感叹句，句子结构符合“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”句式。故填What。 3．[2024吉林长春改编]—There many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best? —On the Stork Tower by Wang Zhihuan. [答案]are [解析]考查主谓一致和存现句。句意:——这本书中有许多中国古诗。你最喜欢哪一首?——王之涣写的《登鹳雀楼》。由“Which one do you like best?”可知,本句应用一般现在时。本句为There be句型，主语 many ancient Chinese poems为复数，谓语动词应用are。 4．[2023株洲改编] a beautiful day! Let’s take a walk by the lake. [答案]What [解析]考查感叹句。句意:多么美好的一天!让我们在湖边散步吧。由句末的感叹号可知,应为感叹句。该句符合感叹句结构“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）!”。故填What。 5．[2023郴州一模改编]—Hurry up, Jason! We’re going to the cinema, but the clothes still need washing. —Don’t worry. Thirty minutes enough. [答案]is [解析]考查主谓一致。Thirty minutes在此题中应看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。 6．[2023常德二模]— of the two subjects do you like, art or music? —Both. They are really interesting. [答案]Which [解析]考查疑问句。根据空后的of the two subjects和art or music可知，这里询问喜欢哪一个，应用which来提问，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Which。 7．[2023邵阳二模]—Many cities in China are now offering teenage girls free HPV vaccines（疫苗）. — great news! [答案]What [解析]考查感叹句。中心词news是不可数名词，根据感叹句的结构“What+形容词+不可数名词!”可知答案为What。 8．[2023永州二模] （not） make loud noises in class！ [答案]Don’t [解析]考查祈使句。句意:不要在班级制造噪声。此处是祈使句的否定形式,应以“Don’t+动词原形”开头。故答案为Don’t。 9．[2023永州三模]Neither his family nor he （know） anything about it. [答案]knows [解析]考查主谓一致。句意：他的家人和他都不知道这件事。Neither...nor...连接两个主语,谓语动词应与和它最近的主语he在人称和数上保持一致，也就是“就近原则”。故答案为knows。 10．[2023常德二模] time flies! We’ll graduate from junior middle school only in a month. [答案]How [解析]考查感叹句。根据感叹句结构“How+主语+谓语！”可知，填How。 11．[2022常德] a difference a day makes! My family decided to stay at the hotel. [答案]What [解析]考查感叹句。中心词是a difference，感叹句的引导词应用what，注意句首单词首字母大写，故填What。 12．[2022邵阳改编]—A pandemic（疫情） broke out in Shaoyang last month. —Yeah. were so many doctors and nurses coming to help us. [答案]There [解析]考查存现句。句意:——上个月,一场疫情在邵阳暴发了。——是的。有许多医生和护士来帮助我们。There be句型表示“有”。 13．[2022郴州改编]—Look! Jeff is helping a blind man cross the road. — helpful he is! We should learn from him. [答案]How [解析]考查感叹句。该句符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”结构。故填How。 14．[2022株洲改编] lovely Bing Dwen Dwen is! Everyone wants to have one. [答案]How [解析]考查感叹句。句意:冰墩墩多么可爱啊! 每个人都想拥有一个。该句符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”结构。 15．[2022岳阳模拟]On the right of the teaching building （be） the library. There （be） many books and computers in it. [答案]is；are [解析]考查主谓一致和存现句。句意:教学楼的右边是图书馆。那里面有很多书和电脑。第一个空所在句的主语为the library，这里表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语应用is；第二个空所在句是There be句型,遵循“就近原则”，many books为复数，谓语动词用are。故填is；are。 16．[2021常德]—Oh, my god! is Wang Feng now? The football match is starting soon. —He may be in the library. He often reads at this time. [答案]Where [解析]考查疑问句。根据答语“He may be in the library.”可知这里提问地点。故填Where。 17．[2021邵阳改编]— a funny thing it is to go to Mount Lang after the graduation examination! —Yes. Let’s go together. [答案]What [解析]考查感叹句。句意:——毕业考试之后去崀山是一件多么有趣的事情啊!——是的。我们一起去吧。根据感叹句结构“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+其他）！”可知，此处用what引导感叹句，注意句首字母大写，故填What。 18．[2021常德] clever the boy is! He just won first prize in Super Brain. [答案]How [解析]考查感叹句。句意:多么聪明的男孩！他刚在《最强大脑》获得一等奖。根据感叹句结构“How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）!”可知答案为How。 并列句 1.并列连词的分类：按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。 ①表示并列关系的连词：and, both...and...(既...又...), not only..but also..(不但...而且...), neither...nor...(既不...也不...)等。 ②表示转折关系的连词：but, yet(而), while(然而)，however等。 ③表示选择关系的连词：or, either...or...(或者...或者.../不是...就是...)等 ④表示因果关系的连词：for, so，therefore等。 2.常考的四个连词： 连词 主要用法 例句 and 表并列，连接词、短语或句子 Lily and Kate are good students. They sang and danced at the party last night. Be careful and you will make fewer mistakes. ①“和，又”，变为否定句时，用or ②“那么”，祈使句+and+陈述句 or 表选择，连接词、短语或句子 She can't sing and dance. Which season do you like better,spring or summer? Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ①“和”，用于否定句中 ②“或者”，用于选择疑问句中，不用yes/no回答 ③“否则”，祈使句+or+陈述句 but “但是;然而”,表示转折关系,连接意思相反的词、短语或句子，不与although/though连用 I like English, but I don't like math. He is young but very experienced. so “因此;所以”,表示因果关系,连接两个句子，不与because连用 Monkeys are very clever, so we like them. 3.常考的连词短语 neither...nor... 既不……也不……;两者都不…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则” either...or... ……或者……;要么……要么…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则” not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则” both...and... 两者都…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 as well as 而且,还,又 连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致 例：Neither she nor I like playing basketball. Either you or I am right. He plays not only basketball but also football. Not only she but also I am a student. Both you and I are students. 4.However however为副词，表转折时，常做插入语（用逗号隔开）。 如：I offered Sandy a helping hand. However,she refused it. 1.Nobody can go back and have a new beginning， 　　　everybody can start now and make a new ending.  A.so　　　　 B.but　　　　 C.or　　　　 D.for 答案　B　考查并列连词。so所以;but但是;or或者，否则;for因为。根据题干可知，设空处前后是转折关系。故选B。 2.Last night I heard a noise coming from the kitchen， 　　　I got out of bed to have a look.  A.but　　　　 B.so　　　　 C.or　　　　 D.for 答案　B　考查并列连词。but但是;so所以;or或者;for因为。“Last night I heard a noise coming from the kitchen”与“I got out of bed to have a look”是因果关系，因为听到了声响，所以起床去看了一下，用so引出结果。故选B。 3.—Mum， what time is it now? —It’s 6:20. Get up， 　　　you’ll be late for school.  A.so　　　　 B.and　　　　 C.or　　　　 D.but 答案　C　考查并列连词。so所以;and和，并且;or或者，否则;but但是。此空填or表示不做某事的后果，即起床，否则就会迟到。故选C。 4. —Learning to love is like learning to walk. —Yes. Step out bravely 　　　you’ll find it’s not so difficult.  A.or　　　　 B.and　　　　 C.but　　　　 D.so 答案　B　考查并列连词。or或者，否则;and和;but但是;so因此。 “勇敢地走出去”和“你会发现它并没有那么难”是顺承关系，用“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型。故选B。 5.You should go to bed early tonight， 　　　we won’t get to the railway station on time.   A.so　　　　 B.or　　　　 C.but　　　　 D.and 答案　B　考查并列连词。so所以;or或者，否则;but但是;and和。此空应填or表示不做某事的后果。故选B。 状语从句 引导 名词性从句 That ①只起连接作用，不做句子成分②在句中没有实际意义 ③在宾语从句中通常可以省略 The girl feels that the weather is cold. if/whether ①表示“是否” ②不做句子成分 He asked me if/whether I knew Mike. I wonder whether he will come or not. 引导 状语从句 时间状语从句 （主将从现、 主过从过） when/while/as当...时候 I was sleeping when she came in. I was sleeping while she was running. I will tell her the news when she comes to see me next week. after在...之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework. before在...之前 I finished my homework before I went to bed. as soon as一...就... I’ll call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing. until直到...为止 I won’t go home until ten o’clock. (not...until) since自...以来 I have had it since I was ten years old. ha 地点状语从句 where Where there is a will,there is a way. Wherever you go,home is the best. wherever 原因状语从句 Because/as/since I was late for school this morning because I stayed up late last night. 比较状语从句 than比 I’m taller than you. as...as...与...一样 I am as tall as you. not as/so...as...不如 English is not as/so difficult as Math. 让步状语从句 although/though/while/even if/even though Although/Though/Even if/Even though he has a cold,he still goes to school. 条件状语从句 （主将从现、 主情从现、 主祈从现） if如果 We will stay at home tomorrow if it is rainy. unless除非 You will fail unless you work hard. as/so long as只要 You will get good grades as long as you study hard. 方式状语从句 as像/与...一样 We did as he told us. as if/as though好像 It seems as if it is going to rain. 目的状语从句 in order to/that目的是.../为了... I saved my money in order to buy a bike. I saved my money in order that I can buy a bike. I saved my money so that I can buy a bike. so that/so以便 结果状语从句 so/such...that...如此...以致于... It was so cold that we don’t want to go outside. It was such a cold day that we don’t want to go outside. 辨析1：so...that...和such...that... (1) so+形容词/副词+that从句 例：He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him. (2) so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 例：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 例：They made so much noise that the teacher got angry. (3) such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句 例：This is such an interesting book that I want to read it again. (4) such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 例：She told us such funny stories that we all laughed. 练习： 用such或so填空 1.We ran there____________quickly that we caught the last bus 2.There is____________much noise that I can't hear you. 3.You did____________good things that we admire you. 4.This book is____________interesting that we want to read it a second time. 5.We came across____________bad weather that we had to stay indoors. 辨析2：so...that...、too...to...(太...而不能)和not...enough to... He is so young that he can’t look after himself. =He is too young to look after himself. =He is not old enough to look after himself. 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）My best friend is ________ a careful girl that she made ________ mistakes in her last exam. A．so; so little B．so; such little C．such; such few D．such; so few 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的好朋友是个非常细心的女孩，在上次考试中她几乎没犯什么错误。 考查such...that引导的结果状语从句及few的用法。so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”；such+a/an+形容词+名词单数+that从句，表示“如此一个……以至于……”。girl是名词单数，用such...that引导结果状语从句，排除AB；little很少，修饰不可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义。so few+可数名词复数，排除C，故选D。 2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact time. When he ________ here, I will call you. A．will arrive; gets B．will arrive; will get C．arrives; will get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你知道汤姆明天将在什么时候到吗？ ——对不起，我不知道确切的时间。当他到了这里我就给你打电话。 考查动词时态。第一句为宾语从句，主句时态为一般现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知，从句应用一般将来时will do结构，排除C；答句为when引导的时间状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，从句为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词get应用三单形式gets，排除B。故选A。 3．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）Li Tao is clever enough to help his elder sister’s lessons ______ he’s a schoolboy now. A．although B．after C．while D．since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管林涛现在是一个小学生，他足够聪明能帮助他姐姐完成功课。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；after在……之后；while当……时；since自从。根据“Li Tao is clever enough to help his elder sister’s lessons ...he’s a schoolboy now.”可知空前后有让步关系，尽管是小学生，但是能帮助姐姐做功课。故选A。 4．（2024·河北衡水·一模）—Jack, how about going hiking tomorrow? —OK, ________ it rains heavily. A．unless B．until C．while D．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——杰克，明天去远足怎么样？——好的，除非下大雨。 考查连词词义辨析。unless除非，引导条件状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句；while当……时候，引导时间状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句。根据“...it rains heavily”可知，是一个条件状语从句，意思是“下大雨就不去了”，空格处表示“除非”，故选A。 5．（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—I think Paul is ________ a careful person that he seldom makes mistakes. —But this time he did. He was ________ nervous that he made a tiny mistake. A．so; such B．very; too C．quite; very D．such; so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我认为保罗是一个非常细心的人，他很少犯错误。  ——但这次他犯错了。他太紧张了，以致犯了一个小错误。 考查副词词义辨析和固定句型。so那么，修饰形容词或副词；such那么，修饰形容词和名词构成的名词短语；very很，修饰形容词或副词，置于不定冠词a或an后面；too太，修饰形容词或副词；quite非常，修饰形容词或副词，置于不定冠词a或an前面；such/so...that...如此……以至于……。第一空“a careful person”为形容词和名词构成的名词短语，且由句中“that he seldom makes mistakes”可知，此处用such....that...，表示保罗是如此细心的一个人，以至于很少犯错误；第二空“nervous”为形容词，且由“that he made a tiny mistake”可知，此句是说他如此紧张，以至于犯了一个小错误，应用so...that...。故选D。 6．（2023·湖北十堰·三模）—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．have finished C．will be finished D．will finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们将什么时候去打篮球？——直到明天工作被完成。 考查主将从现。分析答语可知句子为含有until引导时间状语从句的复合句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，此处从句时态为一般现在时，而主语work和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”，故选A。 7．（2023·安徽六安·二模）—Labor（劳动）education is important for students’ development. —Yes. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful. A．While B．Unless C．If D．And 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——劳动教育对学生的发展是很重要的。——是的。如果学校把它付诸实践，学生会更加独立和乐于助人。 考查连词用法。While当……时；Unless除非；If如果；And和。根据“schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful.”可知，句子前后是条件关系，则应用连词if。故选C。 8．（2023·江苏徐州·三模）You’d better ask others for advice ________ you made the final decision. A．unless B．because C．until D．before 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在你做最后决定之前，你最好向父母征求一些建议。 考查连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句；before在……之前，引导时间状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是时间状语从句，空处表示“在……之前”。故选C。 9．（2023·云南昆明·三模）______ life is full of ups and downs, we still should face it with hope and courage. A．As long as B．Even though C．As soon as D．In order to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：即使生活充满了起起落落，我们仍然应该满怀希望和勇气面对它。 考查短语辨析。As long as只要； Even though即使；As soon as一……就；In order to为了。根据“... life is full of ups and downs, we still should face it with hope and courage.”可知“生活充满了起起落落”表示让步，用Even though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 10．（2023·湖北十堰·二模）— Does Tom like running? — Yes. He keeps running every day ________ he can get the first place at the sports meeting. A．such that B．so that C．and to D．in order to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆喜欢跑步吗？——是的。他每天坚持跑步，以便在运动会上获得第一名。 考查连词。such that以至于、结果是，表示某种情况或条件的结果，其后接的是结果状语从句；so that以便，为了，引导目的状语从句；and to和；in order to为了，表目的，后面接动词短语。根据“He keeps running every day”和“he can get the first place at the sports meeting”可知，Tom每天都在跑步，目的是为了在运动会上获得第一名，空处表目的，so that 符合题意。故选B。 二、完成句子 11．（2023·贵州六盘水·一模）他太晚起床， 以至于错过了这场欧冠决赛。 He got up late he missed the Champions League final. 【答案】 so that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“太……以至于……”，so/such…that“太……以至于……”。又根据第一空后“late”是形容词，此处应该用so…that引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。 12．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）那个年轻人急于求成以致于一败涂地。 The young man was that he failed at last. 【答案】in such a hurry to succeed 【详解】“急于求成”也就是“急于成功”；in a hurry to do sth“急于做某事”，修饰名词hurry，应用such…that表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句，succeed“成功”，故填in such a hurry to succeed。 13．（2024·江苏常州·二模）Mike 如此优秀，会在我们之中领先的。 Mike that among us. 【答案】 is so excellent he will take the lead 【详解】根据中英文对照，句子中缺少“如此优秀”和“会领先的”。“优秀”excellent为形容词，与be动词is连用，“如此”用so；“会领先的” will take the lead；主语“Mike”；“that”引导结果状语从句，故主语为he。故填is so excellent；he will take the lead。 14．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）He gets up early in order to get to school on time.  (同义句转换) He gets up early he can get to school on time. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：为了准时到校，他起得很早。对比两个句子，需要转换的内容为“in order to”，意为“为了，以便于”，表目的，可用so that“以便于”引导目的状语从句。故填so；that。 15．（22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）If you give him another two cakes, he will be satisfied. (保持句意基本不变) He won’t be satisfied you give him two cakes. 【答案】 unless more 【详解】句意：如果你再给他两块蛋糕，他就会满意的。根据句意可以转化成“他不会满意的，除非你再给他两块蛋糕”，“除非”unless；“another+数量+名词”可以转化成“数量+more+名词”，another two cakes“再两块蛋糕”转化成two more cakes。故填unless；more。 16．（2023·江苏常州·二模）露西昨天缺席了会议，因为她的车抛锚了。 Lucy yesterday. 【答案】was absent from the meeting because her car broke down 【详解】“缺席”be absent from；“会议”the meeting；“因为”because；“她的车”her car；“抛锚”break down。根据“yesterday”可知用一般过去时。故填was absent from the meeting because her car broke down。 17．（2023·江苏常州·二模）我表弟对这消息感到很好奇，迫不及待在电脑上浏览起来了。 that   it on the computer. 【答案】 My cousin was so curious about the news he couldn’t wait to look through 【详解】分析句子，可知此句是“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句。主语“我表弟”英语表达为“My cousin”；“对……感到很好奇”，用“be so curious about”来表达；“消息”是特指，英语表达为“the news”；分析句意，可知时态为一般过去时，故第一空填My cousin was so curious about the news。从句部分的主语是“he”，“迫不及待做某事”，用“can’t wait to do sth.”来表达；“浏览”英语表达为“look through”；从句时态也为一般过去时，故第二空填he couldn’t wait to look through。故填My cousin was so curious about the news；he couldn’t wait to look through。 18．（2023·江苏无锡·三模）主演电视连续剧《狂飙》前，知道演员张颂文的人并不多。 Few people knew the actor Zhang Songwen in the TV series The Knockout. 【答案】before he played the lead role 【详解】根据题干，句子可用before引导的时间状语从句表示；在之前：before；主演：play the lead role；从句主语是he，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故填before he played the lead role。 19．（2023·广东广州·一模）大部分的电缆都被严重损坏而无法修复。 Most of the power lines so they could not be repaired. 【答案】 were badly damaged that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，damage“损坏”，动词，主语Most of the power lines与动词damage之间是动宾关系，即电缆被损坏，故为被动语态，且时态为一般过去时，故为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故用were，damage用其过去分词。badly“严重地”，副词，修饰动词。此处是so…that引导的结果状语从句，故最后一空填that。故填were；badly；damaged；that。 20．（2022·上海奉贤·二模）We were very tired. We took a taxi back to the hotel to rest our feet. (保持句意不变) We were tired we took a taxi back to the hotel to rest our feet. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：我们很累。我们乘出租车回酒店休息。根据题意是变成同义句，so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，表示“我们如此累，以至于乘出租车去酒店休息”，与原句同义，故填so；that。 宾语从句 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句子中相当于一个名词词组，在全句中充当主句的宾语。宾语从句主要考察引导词，语序和时态。 一．宾语从句的引导词 1.宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，无词义，在从句中不能充当成分，可省略。 He said (that) he could finish his work before supper. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. I think (that) he is the best actor in America. 2.宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if/whether, 常用于wonder；want to know；I’m not sure；I don't know 之后 I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. I want to know if/whether she is right. Mary asked me if/whether I needed any help. I wonder if/whether you can help me. 注意：①从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether. Sorry, I don’t know whether she will come or not. ②在介词后时,只能用whether His father is worried about whether he gets on well with his classmates. ③后接动词不定式时，用whether； I can't decide whether to stay. 3.宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词（缺什么补什么）。 He can’t decide which sweater he should buy. Could you tell me where Tom has gone? I want to know when you can finish the work. 【注意】特殊疑问词+宾语从句 可以转化成 特殊疑问词+to do 1. Could you please tell me how I can get to the bookstore? =Could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore? 2.She has decided where she will hide. =She has decided where to hide. 3.I don't know how I should do it. =I don't know how to do it. 二．宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句是现在时，那么宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况选择。(主现从随便） The boy believes that he will travel abroad by himself in the future. The boy believes that math is more difficult than English. The boy knows that his desk mate has been ill for three days. 2. 如果主句是一般过去时，则宾语从句也要用相应的过去的某种时态(一般过去时，过去进行时）(主过从随过） My mother told me that Dad wasn't at home. She said she was reading a storybook at seven yesterday. 3.如果宾语从句是客观真理、自然现象或谚语等，无论句是什么时态，宾语从句仍用一般现在时。(客观真理永一现） Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. We knew that the sun is bigger than the earth. 三．宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他，或者连接词 (充当主语) +谓语+其他 I want to know what his name is. She wonders who sent the flowers. 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）—OK, what do you want to know? —I’m unsure ________. A．where is the way to the Palace Museum B．how many colors were there in a rainbow C．that the couple have been married for a long time D．if he has devoted himself to improving his study 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——好的，你想知道什么？——我不确定他是否致力于提升他的学习。 考查宾语从句。where is the way to the Palace Museum语句不通顺；how many colors were there in a rainbow彩虹中有多少种颜色，疑问语序；that the couple have been married for a long time这对夫妻已经结婚很长时间了，陈述语序；if he has devoted himself to improving his study他是否致力于提升他的学习，陈述语序。根据句意，空处的句子是宾语从句，从句应使用陈述句语序，故排除B项；C项为that引导的宾语从句，意为“这对夫妻已经结婚很长时间了”和主句意思不搭配，故排除；A项中引导词where有误，宾语从句的意思不通顺，由问句what do you want to know可知，想要知道的是他是否致力于提升他的学习，故选D。 2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact time. When he ________ here, I will call you. A．will arrive; gets B．will arrive; will get C．arrives; will get 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你知道汤姆明天将在什么时候到吗？ ——对不起，我不知道确切的时间。当他到了这里我就给你打电话。 考查动词时态。第一句为宾语从句，主句时态为一般现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知，从句应用一般将来时will do结构，排除C；答句为when引导的时间状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，从句为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，谓语动词get应用三单形式gets，排除B。故选A。 3．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）China Mobile expected that the number of 5G mobile connections in China ________ one billion by the year 2025. A．will reach B．would reach C．had reached D．has reached 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国移动预计，到2025年，中国5G移动连接数量将达到10亿。 考查时态。根据“by the year 2025”可知，要用将来时，宾语从句的主句是一般过去时，所以此处用过去将来时。故选B。 4．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The idiom “Gold can’t be pure and man can’t be perfect.” tells us ________. A．how should we behave in class B．how we should view ourselves or others C．what we can do to be perfect D．how we can get gold 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“金无足赤，人无完人”这个谚语告诉我们如何看待自己或他人。 考查宾语从句。how should we behave in class如何在课堂上表现，宾语从句应用陈述语序，排除A；how we should view ourselves or others我们应该如何看待自己或他人；what we can do to be perfect我们可以做什么来变得完美；how we can get gold我们如何获得金子。根据“Gold can’t be pure and man can’t be perfect.”可知，此处是指我们不应该期待自己或他人完美无瑕，而应该以一种宽容和接纳的态度去看待。故选B。 5．（2024·吉林长春·三模）—I wonder ______ to get to Jilin University by bus from here. —About twenty minutes. A．how soon will I spend B．how soon I will spend C．how long will it take me D．how long it will take me 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道从这儿乘公交车到吉林大学大约需要多长时间。 ——大约二十分钟。   考查宾语从句语序。分析句子可知空处是宾语从句，需陈述句语序。选项A、C都不是陈述语序，可排除； how soon I will spend疑问词错误，应是“how long I will spend”；how long it will take me我将花费多久，语序及语意符合。故选D。 6．（2024·江苏南京·一模）—Would you like to enjoy the folk dance show A Dream of Red Mansions with me? —I’d love to. Could you please tell me ________? A．when will the show begin B．who the dancers were C．how long the show will last D．what the show was like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想和我一起欣赏民间舞蹈节目《红楼梦》吗？——我很乐意。你能告诉我演出会持续多久吗？ 考查宾语从句。根据宾语从句语序为陈述句语序，可知选项A语序错误；又根据“Would you like to enjoy the folk dance show…”可知，舞蹈还没开始，宾语从句时态为一般将来时，故选项B及选项D错误。故选C。 7．（2023·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—Do you know what happened last time? —Sorry, I don’t know ________. A．that made him angry B．what made him angry C．what the matter was with him D．when he was angry 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道上次发生什么了吗？——对不起，我不知道什么让他生气。 考查宾语从句。分析选项可知，选项C语序错误，其陈述语序为“what was the matter with him”，排除；A选项中that引导的从句缺少主语，所以不能用that引导，排除；根据“last time”可知，问句中已经提到了时间，所以答语不能用when引导宾语从句，排除。故选B。 二、完成句子 8．（2023·广东广州·二模）我在中学时参加了一个乐队。我觉得打鼓和认识新朋友会很有趣。 I joined a band in my middle school. I thought fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. 【答案】 it would be 【详解】it“它”；根据thought可知，从句用过去的某个时态，所以第二空填would，后接动词原形be，故填it；would；be。 9．（2023·江苏常州·一模）胡睿说他当时别无选择只好放弃了这个角色的试镜。 Hu Rui said that he the role at that time. 【答案】had no choice but to give up trying out for 【详解】本句为宾语从句。have no choice but to do sth.表示“别无选择只能做某事”，give up doing sth.表示“放弃做某事”，try out for表示“角逐，参加……的选拔”。根据“Hu Rui said that”可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填had no choice but to give up trying out for。 10．（2022·江苏常州·二模）你确定要放弃这个机会？我建议你做最终决定前要三思。 Are you sure ? I advise . 【答案】 to give up this chance/that you will give up this chance you to think twice before making the final decision/you to think twice before you make the final decision 【详解】根据语境缺少“放弃这个机会”译为“give up this chance”，“be sure”后面可以加不定式，也可以加“that”引导的从句，所以可以填to give up this chance/that you will give up the chance. “做最终决定”译为“make the final decision”，“三思”译为“think twice”，“做决定前要三思”可以是一个“before”引导的时间状语从句，当做一个连词，也可以用“before”当作介词，后面加ing。语境中“建议某人做某事”译为“advise sb. to do sth.”，可以填you to think twice before making the final decision/you to think twice before you make the final decision. 故填to give up this chance/that you will give up the chance；you to think twice before making the final decision/you to think twice before you make the final decision。 11．（2022·湖北十堰·一模）你还记得这座桥是什么时候修建的吗？ Do you still remember . 【答案】when the bridge was built 【详解】when“何时”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；the bridge“桥”；build“建立”，主语和动词build之间是被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，所以从句用一般过去时被动语态be done的结构，主语bridge是单数形式，助动词用was，故填when the bridge was built。 12．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）我想知道你是否已经习惯用手机来记录一切。 I wonder everything with your mobile phone. 【答案】if you have been used to recording/whether you have been used to recording 【详解】对照中英文可知，该句包含由“是否”引导的一个宾语从句，“是否”对应的表达是“if/whether”；根据语境可知，宾语从句表达的内容已经发生，所以时态应为现在完成时，结构是：主语+have/has+done (过去分词)+其他。对照中英文可知，宾语从句的主语是“you”，所以应用have；“习惯做某事”对应的英文表达是“be used to doing sth.”，缺“习惯记录”的表达，即“be used to recording”，时态为现在完成时，所以应将be改为其过去分词been，故填if you have been used to recording或whether you have been used to recording。 13．（2024·江苏常州·一模）及时复习所学过的知识对学生来说多么有必要啊！ How necessary ! 【答案】it is for students to go over what they have learned in time/it is for students to review what they have learned in time 【详解】根据标点符号可知，本句是how引导的感叹句：how+形容词+(主语+谓语+其他部分)。necessary“必要的”，形容词；it is +形容词+for sb to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”；review/go over“复习”，动词；what they have learned“他们已经学过的东西”；in time“及时”。故填it is for students to go over what they have learned in time/ it is for students to review what they have learned in time。 14．（2023·江苏常州·二模）及时复习所学过的知识能使你更容易在学习上领先。 in your study. 【答案】Going over what you have learnt in time will make it easier for you to take the lead 【详解】go over“复习”，是固定短语，后加what引导的宾语从句；you作主语；learn“学习”，此处是表示已经学过的知识，可以用现在完成时；in time“及时”；will make“将会使”；make it+形容词+for sb+to do sth，是it作形式宾语结构；easier“更容易的”；take the lead表示“领先”。故填Going over what you have learnt in time will make it easier for you to take the lead。 15．（2023·江苏常州·二模）他想知道爸爸将去德国出差多久。 He wonders . 【答案】how long his father will be in Germany on business 【详解】how long“多久”，要与一般将来时连用；on business“出差”；his father“他的爸爸”；in Germany“在德国”，空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，故填how long his father will be in Germany on business。 定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 找出复合句中先行词、关系词 和定语从句 1.The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2.This is the garden that they visited last time 3.This is the park that we visited last year. 4.The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。初中阶段只学关系代词，在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语的成分。 定语从句的关系词 who/whom who/whom引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须指人。who在从句中作主语、宾语;whom在从句中作宾语,常可省略。在从句中作介词的宾语时,只能用whom,即“介词+whom” This is the man who helped me. 这就是帮助过我的那个人。 That is the girl (whom/who) I have taught. 那就是我教过的女孩。 He is the boy with whom I went there. 他就是和我一起去那里的男孩。 who/ that 当先行词指人时,引导词用who或that均可。如果先行词是one、ones、anyone或those时,一般用who The man who/that is playing the piano is my music teacher. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是我的音乐老师。 that/ which 多数情况下,不管关系代词在从句中是作主语还是宾语,两者都可替换使用。当先行词是anything、everything、nothing等不定代词,或先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词既指人又指物时,只能用that。如果关系代词作介词的宾语时,只能用which,不能用that This is the biggest ship that I've ever seen. 这是我见过的最大的轮船。 This is the room in which you will stay. 这是你将要住的房间。 where/ whose 关系副词where在从句中作地点状语,它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。whose引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词既可以指人也可以指物,意为“某(些)人/物的……” This is the place where he was born. 这是他出生的地方。 Please show me the book whose cover is black.请把封面是黑色的那本书给我看看。 关系词的作用： ①引导定语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在定语从句中担当一个成分 例句： The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。（who/that作主语） Mr. Liu is the person(who/whom/that) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。（whom/that作宾语） This is the pen(which/that) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（which/that作宾语） He is the man whose car was stolen last week. （先行词是人，whose作定语） 注意： ①只用that不用which的情况 先行词是 all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,none, nothing 等不定代词时 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ He did everything that could help us. 先行词有the only,the same,the very 修饰时 This is the same bike that I lost. Cheating was the only thing that interested her most. 先行词既有人又有物时 I am going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited. 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city. The first thing that we should do now is to find a local guide. ②只用which不用that的情况 在非限制性定语从句中 She lost the game,which depressed her greatly. 她输了比赛，这使她很沮丧。 Tokyo,which is the capital of Japan,sees great changes every day. 日本的首都东京每天都有巨大的变化。 介词后用which,不用that The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 我过去住的房子已经变成了一家鞋店。 The pen with which you are writing is Jeff's. 你现在正用来写字的那支钢笔是杰夫的。 1．— What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ________ I’ve got. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——是什么让你的中学生活丰富多彩的和有意义的？ ——我得到的友谊和学习能力。 考查定语从句的先行词。who用于指代先行词是人的定语从句；which用于指代先行词是物的定语从句；what用于引导名词性从句；whose主要用于指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。根据答句“The friendships and learning abilities…I’ve got.”可知，先行词是The friendships and learning abilities属于物，所以先行词是which。故选B。 2．—Do you know the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. The date is on the same day with Guyu to pay tribute (致敬) to Cangjie ________ is said to be the inventor of Chinese characters. A．what B．who C．when D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道联合国汉语日吗？——当然。这一天与谷雨向仓颉致敬的日子是同一天，仓颉据说是汉字的发明者。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。 3．The girl ________ is reading under the tree ________ my sister. A．which; is B．whom; was C．who; is D．who; was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在树下看书的那个女孩是我妹妹。 考查定语从句和时态。which引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。第一空，分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，先行词“The girl”指人，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who来引导从句，排除A和B；第二空，根据“is reading under the tree”可知，句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时。故选C。 4．I like the farm ________ I visited last week. A．where B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢我上周参观的那个农场。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“the farm ... I visited last week”可知此处是定语从句，先行词the farm指地点，但在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 5．— Dad, do you know that Pan Zhanle broke the world record in the men’s 100-metre freestyle? — That’s amazing. There are many other Chinese athletes like him. Success often comes to those ________ work hard and never give up! A．how B．what C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你知道潘展乐打破了男子100米自由泳的世界纪录吗？——太棒了。像他这样的中国运动员还有很多。成功往往属于那些努力工作、永不放弃的人！ 考查定语从句。how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；who谁。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词those指代前文提到的“像潘展乐这样的中国运动员”，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词用who，故选D。 6．— Do you remember the place _______ you visited last year? — Sure. I’ll never forget that place, because I stayed there for almost 10 years. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你还记得去年你参观的地方吗？——当然。我将永远不会忘记那个地方，因为我在那待了差不多十年。 考查定语从句关系词。who先行词指人，在句中作主语或宾语；which先行词指物，在句中作主语、宾语等；whose先行词指人或物，在句中作定语；what不能作定语从句的关系词。根据“…you visited last year”可知原句是定语从句，先行词place为“物”，在从句中作宾语，故选B。 7．—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能尽快理发吗？——为什么？我喜欢我现在的发型。 考查定语从句。since自从；as如，似，正像；unless除非；when当……时。分析句子结构可知，“…it is now”是定语从句修饰“my hairstyle”作定语，进一步说明我的头发，即现在的发型，因此as引导定语从句，故选B。 8．This is the only book ________ I find useful. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我发现的唯一有用的书。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指人或指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，在定语从句中作定语。根据the only可知，当先行词被the only修饰时， 关系词只能用that。故选B。 9．Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report? A．who B．how C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你找到了可以用来做你的报告的云南那位叫张桂梅的校长的资料了吗？ 考查定语从句。分析句子成分和“Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan...you can use for your report”可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，从句缺宾语，且先行词为the information，故应用关系代词中的that或which。故选C。 10．I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made. A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我去和南希谈话，她的话使我惊讶，这使我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。 考查定语从句和宾语从句。what“什么”；which“哪一个”。空一为定语从句，先行词“her words”指物，故关系词用which；再根据“realize”为动词，故判断“...silly mistakes I had made”为宾语从句，连接词应用what，在宾语从句中作“made”的宾语。故选B。 二、完成句子 11．世上无难事，只要肯攀登。 Nothing is difficult to the man try. 【答案】who will/that will 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，“肯攀登”即“会去尝试的人”，空格处应用一个定语从句，从句缺主语，且先行词the man为人，故引导词可用who/that，从句用一般将来时，即will+动词原形。故填who/that will。 12．在醒狮舞蹈中，两个人穿特质服装扮演成一头狮子。 In the Lion Dance, a lion is by two people special clothes. 【答案】 acted as who wear 【详解】act as“扮演”，是固定短语，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态结构，动词用过去分词；two people后的句子是定语从句，先行词people指人，关系词作主语，应用who引导；wear“穿着”，动词，根据前句可知句子是一般现在时，主语是people，动词用原形，故填acted；as；who；wear。 13．Lily returned the pen to me. I lent the pen to her last Friday. (改为定语从句) Lily returned the pen I her last Friday. 【答案】 that/which lent 【详解】句意：莉莉把钢笔还给了我。上星期五我把钢笔借给她了。改为定语从句为“莉莉把我上周五借给她的钢笔还给了我”。先行词为“the pen”，关系词用that/which，在从句中作宾语；由“last Friday”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式lent。故填that/which；lent。 14．Do you like the book? I bought the book for you yesterday.（将两句合并为一句） Do you like the book I for you yesterday? 【答案】 that/which bought 【详解】句意：你喜欢这本书吗？我昨天给你买了这本书。根据下句和要求将两句合并为一句可知，应该改写“你喜欢我昨天给你买的这本书吗？”，也就是改为定语从句；根据先行词“the book”，指物，且在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词应该使用“that”或者“which”；根据“yesterday”可知，定语从句中的谓语动词应该使用过去式。故填that/which；bought。 15．我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影 I learned about the inventions to color movies, too. 【答案】 that#which led 【详解】由汉语和所给的英语翻译可知，lead to意为“造成、导致”；分析语境可知，此处应该是由that或which引导的定语从句；主句是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时。led是lead的过去式。故填that/which；led。 三．语法填空 （2024深圳一模） As one of Guangdong's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） representatives, Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch （早茶） is a long-standing custom that has been passed down 1 hundreds of years. These delicious foods are now available for 2 （we） to taste in Guangzhou's streets. People in Guangzhou particularly enjoy drinking tea. 3 they greet each other, they often ask, “How about drinking tea?” Why then do people in Guangzhou have such a strong preference for tea? In Guangzhou, tea focuses on both tea and dim sum （点心）. More 4 （important）, drinking tea has developed into a cultural pastime for socializing and gatherings, acting as a bridge for communication in people's 5 （day） lives. It is said that Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch originated from old neighborhoods in Guangzhou. The earliest tea drinking places 6 （call） “Erli Pavilion”. Every day before 7 （start） work, people would go to small tea houses and spend two cents enjoying 8 cup of tea and some dim sum, which are good and cheap. In 2023, the custom of Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch was included in the list of the 9 （eight） batch（批） of Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage programs. Since then, this traditional culture 10 （become） the best symbol of outlining the city's style and cultural charm. 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了广东人的“早茶文化”。 [答案] 1．for 2．us 3．When 4．importantly 5．daily 6．were called 7．starting 8．a 9．eighth 10．has become [解析] 1．本题考查介词。句意：作为广东省非物质文化遗产的代表之一，广州早茶是一种流传了数百年的悠久习俗。空后是时间段，用介词for。故填for。 2．本题考查人称代词。句意：我们现在可以在广州的街道上品尝到这些美味的食物。空处作介词for的宾语用宾格us，故填us。 3．本题考查连词。这里表示当他们互相问候时，他们经常问：“喝茶怎么样？”根据“they greet each other”可知是当他们互相打招呼时，用when引导时间状语从句，故填When。 4．本题考查副词。句意：更重要的是，喝茶已经发展成为一种社交和聚会的文化消遣，成为人们日常生活中沟通的桥梁。此处修饰整个句子，用副词importantly“重要地”，故填importantly。 5．本题考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，喝茶已经发展成为一种社交和聚会的文化消遣，成为人们日常生活中沟通的桥梁。此处修饰名词lives用形容词daily“日常的”，故填daily。 6．本题考查被动语态。句意：最早的饮茶场所叫做“二厘馆”。主语The earliest tea drinking places和谓语动词call之间是被动关系，且是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，故填were called。 7．本题考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：每天上班前，人们都会去小茶馆，花两分钱喝一杯茶，吃一些点心，它们物美价廉。介词before后加动词的-ing形式，故填starting。 8．本题考查冠词。句意：每天上班前，人们都会去小茶馆，花两分钱喝一杯茶，吃一些点心，它们物美价廉。此处泛指“一杯茶”，cup以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。 9．本题考查序数词。此处表示2023年，广州早茶习俗被列入广东省人民政府第八批省级非物质文化遗产名录。表示顺序用序数词eighth，故填eighth。 10．本题考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，这种传统文化就成为勾勒城市风貌和文化魅力的最佳象征。根据“Since then”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是this traditional culture，助动词用has， 故填has become。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04.简单句、并列句、复合句精讲 简单句 1、陈述句 说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语＋谓语＋其他 1）肯定陈述句 We all like pandas very much. 2）否定陈述句 He doesn’t do housework at weekends 3）肯定陈述句改否定陈述句 ①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。 Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday. I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane. ②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式（don’t，doesn’t，didn’t），后面跟动词的原形。 He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures. I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday. 4）陈述句改一般疑问句 ①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。 Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday? I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane? ②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。 He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures. I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday? 2、疑问句 用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。 1）一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。 —Is Mr Green from the UK? —Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t. —Do you have any hobbies? —Yes，I do. / No，I don’t. —Can you play the guitar? —Yes，I can. / No，I can’t. 2）特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。—How do you go to work every day? —I go to work by car. 3）选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。 —Would you like some tea or coffee? —Some coffee, please. 4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。 —It’s a fine day, isn’t it? — Yes ,it is. 3、祈使句 表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。 1）用于第二人称，通常省略you。 ①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please. ②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again. 2）用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let（let后跟宾格）或shall开头。 Let me have a look. Let’s play a game now. Let him go home now. Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre? 4、感叹句 1）what + 名词或名词性短语 What a big garden (it is)! What an interesting storybook (it is) ! What lovely weather (it is)! What pretty girls (they are)! 2）how +形容词或副词＋主语＋动词 How nice! How beautiful the flowers are! How tall Yao Ming is! 5、there be 句型 表示在某地有某人或某物。 1）主语是单数，be动词用is(was)；主语是复数，be动词用are(were)。 There is some milk in the fridge. There are some peaches in the basket. 2）如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在，be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。 There is a ruler and five knives in the pencil case. There are five knives and a ruler in the pencil case. 3）there be句型和have/has区别： there be句型表示某地有某人或某物； have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数，其余人称和数用have。 There are some English books on the desk. I have some English books. 6、倒装句 So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语． 前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也 如此。” 前面陈述的否定情况也 适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．”这种倒装结 构。 例如： He likes playing basketball, and so do I. 他喜欢打篮球，我也喜欢。 Kate can’t speak Chinese, and I neither/ nor can Jim． 凯特不会说汉语。吉姆也不会。 注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的 看法，表示“的确如此。” “是呀。” 例如： 一 Basketball is very popular game in America． 篮球在美国是一项很受欢迎的运动。 一 So it is．的确如此。 1．[2024长沙明德一模改编]“ do you come back so late? And what’s wrong with your leg?” asked the woman. “Didn’t you take the bus?” 2．[2024常德模拟]“ a simple idea it is! How easy it is to get started!” said one Weibo user. 3．[2024吉林长春改编]—There many ancient Chinese poems in this book. Which one do you like best? —On the Stork Tower by Wang Zhihuan. 4．[2023株洲改编] a beautiful day! Let’s take a walk by the lake. 5．[2023郴州一模改编]—Hurry up, Jason! We’re going to the cinema, but the clothes still need washing. —Don’t worry. Thirty minutes enough. 6．[2023常德二模]— of the two subjects do you like, art or music? —Both. They are really interesting. 7．[2023邵阳二模]—Many cities in China are now offering teenage girls free HPV vaccines（疫苗）. — great news! 8．[2023永州二模] （not） make loud noises in class！ 9．[2023永州三模]Neither his family nor he （know） anything about it. 10．[2023常德二模] time flies! We’ll graduate from junior middle school only in a month. 11．[2022常德] a difference a day makes! My family decided to stay at the hotel. 12．[2022邵阳改编]—A pandemic（疫情） broke out in Shaoyang last month. —Yeah. were so many doctors and nurses coming to help us. 13．[2022郴州改编]—Look! Jeff is helping a blind man cross the road. — helpful he is! We should learn from him. 14．[2022株洲改编] lovely Bing Dwen Dwen is! Everyone wants to have one. 15．[2022岳阳模拟]On the right of the teaching building （be） the library. There （be） many books and computers in it. 16．[2021常德]—Oh, my god! is Wang Feng now? The football match is starting soon. —He may be in the library. He often reads at this time. 17．[2021邵阳改编]— a funny thing it is to go to Mount Lang after the graduation examination! —Yes. Let’s go together. 18．[2021常德] clever the boy is! He just won first prize in Super Brain. 并列句 1.并列连词的分类：按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。 ①表示并列关系的连词：and, both...and...(既...又...), not only..but also..(不但...而且...), neither...nor...(既不...也不...)等。 ②表示转折关系的连词：but, yet(而), while(然而)，however等。 ③表示选择关系的连词：or, either...or...(或者...或者.../不是...就是...)等 ④表示因果关系的连词：for, so，therefore等。 2.常考的四个连词： 连词 主要用法 例句 and 表并列，连接词、短语或句子 Lily and Kate are good students. They sang and danced at the party last night. Be careful and you will make fewer mistakes. ①“和，又”，变为否定句时，用or ②“那么”，祈使句+and+陈述句 or 表选择，连接词、短语或句子 She can't sing and dance. Which season do you like better,spring or summer? Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ①“和”，用于否定句中 ②“或者”，用于选择疑问句中，不用yes/no回答 ③“否则”，祈使句+or+陈述句 but “但是;然而”,表示转折关系,连接意思相反的词、短语或句子，不与although/though连用 I like English, but I don't like math. He is young but very experienced. so “因此;所以”,表示因果关系,连接两个句子，不与because连用 Monkeys are very clever, so we like them. 3.常考的连词短语 neither...nor... 既不……也不……;两者都不…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则” either...or... ……或者……;要么……要么…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则” not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则” both...and... 两者都…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 as well as 而且,还,又 连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致 例：Neither she nor I like playing basketball. Either you or I am right. He plays not only basketball but also football. Not only she but also I am a student. Both you and I are students. 4.However however为副词，表转折时，常做插入语（用逗号隔开）。 如：I offered Sandy a helping hand. However,she refused it. 1.Nobody can go back and have a new beginning， 　　　everybody can start now and make a new ending.  A.so　　　　 B.but　　　　 C.or　　　　 D.for 2.Last night I heard a noise coming from the kitchen， 　　　I got out of bed to have a look.  A.but　　　　 B.so　　　　 C.or　　　　 D.for 3.—Mum， what time is it now? —It’s 6:20. Get up， 　　　you’ll be late for school.  A.so　　　　 B.and　　　　 C.or　　　　 D.but 4. —Learning to love is like learning to walk. —Yes. Step out bravely 　　　you’ll find it’s not so difficult.  A.or　　　　 B.and　　　　 C.but　　　　 D.so 5.You should go to bed early tonight， 　　　we won’t get to the railway station on time.   A.so　　　　 B.or　　　　 C.but　　　　 D.and 状语从句 引导 名词性从句 That ①只起连接作用，不做句子成分②在句中没有实际意义 ③在宾语从句中通常可以省略 The girl feels that the weather is cold. if/whether ①表示“是否” ②不做句子成分 He asked me if/whether I knew Mike. I wonder whether he will come or not. 引导 状语从句 时间状语从句 （主将从现、 主过从过） when/while/as当...时候 I was sleeping when she came in. I was sleeping while she was running. I will tell her the news when she comes to see me next week. after在...之后 I went to bed after I finished my homework. before在...之前 I finished my homework before I went to bed. as soon as一...就... I’ll call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing. until直到...为止 I won’t go home until ten o’clock. (not...until) since自...以来 I have had it since I was ten years old. ha 地点状语从句 where Where there is a will,there is a way. Wherever you go,home is the best. wherever 原因状语从句 Because/as/since I was late for school this morning because I stayed up late last night. 比较状语从句 than比 I’m taller than you. as...as...与...一样 I am as tall as you. not as/so...as...不如 English is not as/so difficult as Math. 让步状语从句 although/though/while/even if/even though Although/Though/Even if/Even though he has a cold,he still goes to school. 条件状语从句 （主将从现、 主情从现、 主祈从现） if如果 We will stay at home tomorrow if it is rainy. unless除非 You will fail unless you work hard. as/so long as只要 You will get good grades as long as you study hard. 方式状语从句 as像/与...一样 We did as he told us. as if/as though好像 It seems as if it is going to rain. 目的状语从句 in order to/that目的是.../为了... I saved my money in order to buy a bike. I saved my money in order that I can buy a bike. I saved my money so that I can buy a bike. so that/so以便 结果状语从句 so/such...that...如此...以致于... It was so cold that we don’t want to go outside. It was such a cold day that we don’t want to go outside. 辨析1：so...that...和such...that... (1) so+形容词/副词+that从句 例：He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him. (2) so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 例：He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 例：They made so much noise that the teacher got angry. (3) such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句 例：This is such an interesting book that I want to read it again. (4) such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 例：She told us such funny stories that we all laughed. 练习： 用such或so填空 1.We ran there____________quickly that we caught the last bus 2.There is____________much noise that I can't hear you. 3.You did____________good things that we admire you. 4.This book is____________interesting that we want to read it a second time. 5.We came across____________bad weather that we had to stay indoors. 辨析2：so...that...、too...to...(太...而不能)和not...enough to... He is so young that he can’t look after himself. =He is too young to look after himself. =He is not old enough to look after himself. 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）My best friend is ________ a careful girl that she made ________ mistakes in her last exam. A．so; so little B．so; such little C．such; such few D．such; so few 2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact time. When he ________ here, I will call you. A．will arrive; gets B．will arrive; will get C．arrives; will get 3．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）Li Tao is clever enough to help his elder sister’s lessons ______ he’s a schoolboy now. A．although B．after C．while D．since 4．（2024·河北衡水·一模）—Jack, how about going hiking tomorrow? —OK, ________ it rains heavily. A．unless B．until C．while D．if 5．（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—I think Paul is ________ a careful person that he seldom makes mistakes. —But this time he did. He was ________ nervous that he made a tiny mistake. A．so; such B．very; too C．quite; very D．such; so 6．（2023·湖北十堰·三模）—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work ________ tomorrow. A．is finished B．have finished C．will be finished D．will finish 7．（2023·安徽六安·二模）—Labor（劳动）education is important for students’ development. —Yes. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent and helpful. A．While B．Unless C．If D．And 8．（2023·江苏徐州·三模）You’d better ask others for advice ________ you made the final decision. A．unless B．because C．until D．before 9．（2023·云南昆明·三模）______ life is full of ups and downs, we still should face it with hope and courage. A．As long as B．Even though C．As soon as D．In order to 10．（2023·湖北十堰·二模）— Does Tom like running? — Yes. He keeps running every day ________ he can get the first place at the sports meeting. A．such that B．so that C．and to D．in order to 二、完成句子 11．（2023·贵州六盘水·一模）他太晚起床， 以至于错过了这场欧冠决赛。 He got up late he missed the Champions League final. 12．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）那个年轻人急于求成以致于一败涂地。 The young man was that he failed at last. 13．（2024·江苏常州·二模）Mike 如此优秀，会在我们之中领先的。 Mike that among us. 14．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）He gets up early in order to get to school on time.  (同义句转换) He gets up early he can get to school on time. 15．（22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中）If you give him another two cakes, he will be satisfied. (保持句意基本不变) He won’t be satisfied you give him two cakes. 16．（2023·江苏常州·二模）露西昨天缺席了会议，因为她的车抛锚了。 Lucy yesterday. 17．（2023·江苏常州·二模）我表弟对这消息感到很好奇，迫不及待在电脑上浏览起来了。 that   it on the computer. 18．（2023·江苏无锡·三模）主演电视连续剧《狂飙》前，知道演员张颂文的人并不多。 Few people knew the actor Zhang Songwen in the TV series The Knockout. 19．（2023·广东广州·一模）大部分的电缆都被严重损坏而无法修复。 Most of the power lines so they could not be repaired. 20．（2022·上海奉贤·二模）We were very tired. We took a taxi back to the hotel to rest our feet. (保持句意不变) We were tired we took a taxi back to the hotel to rest our feet. 宾语从句 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句子中相当于一个名词词组，在全句中充当主句的宾语。宾语从句主要考察引导词，语序和时态。 一．宾语从句的引导词 1.宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，无词义，在从句中不能充当成分，可省略。 He said (that) he could finish his work before supper. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. I think (that) he is the best actor in America. 2.宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if/whether, 常用于wonder；want to know；I’m not sure；I don't know 之后 I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. I want to know if/whether she is right. Mary asked me if/whether I needed any help. I wonder if/whether you can help me. 注意：①从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether. Sorry, I don’t know whether she will come or not. ②在介词后时,只能用whether His father is worried about whether he gets on well with his classmates. ③后接动词不定式时，用whether； I can't decide whether to stay. 3.宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词（缺什么补什么）。 He can’t decide which sweater he should buy. Could you tell me where Tom has gone? I want to know when you can finish the work. 【注意】特殊疑问词+宾语从句 可以转化成 特殊疑问词+to do 1. Could you please tell me how I can get to the bookstore? =Could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore? 2.She has decided where she will hide. =She has decided where to hide. 3.I don't know how I should do it. =I don't know how to do it. 二．宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句是现在时，那么宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况选择。(主现从随便） The boy believes that he will travel abroad by himself in the future. The boy believes that math is more difficult than English. The boy knows that his desk mate has been ill for three days. 2. 如果主句是一般过去时，则宾语从句也要用相应的过去的某种时态(一般过去时，过去进行时）(主过从随过） My mother told me that Dad wasn't at home. She said she was reading a storybook at seven yesterday. 3.如果宾语从句是客观真理、自然现象或谚语等，无论句是什么时态，宾语从句仍用一般现在时。(客观真理永一现） Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. We knew that the sun is bigger than the earth. 三．宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他，或者连接词 (充当主语) +谓语+其他 I want to know what his name is. She wonders who sent the flowers. 1．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）—OK, what do you want to know? —I’m unsure ________. A．where is the way to the Palace Museum B．how many colors were there in a rainbow C．that the couple have been married for a long time D．if he has devoted himself to improving his study 2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don’t know the exact time. When he ________ here, I will call you. A．will arrive; gets B．will arrive; will get C．arrives; will get 3．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）China Mobile expected that the number of 5G mobile connections in China ________ one billion by the year 2025. A．will reach B．would reach C．had reached D．has reached 4．（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The idiom “Gold can’t be pure and man can’t be perfect.” tells us ________. A．how should we behave in class B．how we should view ourselves or others C．what we can do to be perfect D．how we can get gold 5．（2024·吉林长春·三模）—I wonder ______ to get to Jilin University by bus from here. —About twenty minutes. A．how soon will I spend B．how soon I will spend C．how long will it take me D．how long it will take me 6．（2024·江苏南京·一模）—Would you like to enjoy the folk dance show A Dream of Red Mansions with me? —I’d love to. Could you please tell me ________? A．when will the show begin B．who the dancers were C．how long the show will last D．what the show was like 7．（2023·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—Do you know what happened last time? —Sorry, I don’t know ________. A．that made him angry B．what made him angry C．what the matter was with him D．when he was angry 二、完成句子 8．（2023·广东广州·二模）我在中学时参加了一个乐队。我觉得打鼓和认识新朋友会很有趣。 I joined a band in my middle school. I thought fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. 9．（2023·江苏常州·一模）胡睿说他当时别无选择只好放弃了这个角色的试镜。 Hu Rui said that he the role at that time. 10．（2022·江苏常州·二模）你确定要放弃这个机会？我建议你做最终决定前要三思。 Are you sure ? I advise . 11．（2022·湖北十堰·一模）你还记得这座桥是什么时候修建的吗？ Do you still remember . 12．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）我想知道你是否已经习惯用手机来记录一切。 I wonder everything with your mobile phone. 13．（2024·江苏常州·一模）及时复习所学过的知识对学生来说多么有必要啊！ How necessary ! 14．（2023·江苏常州·二模）及时复习所学过的知识能使你更容易在学习上领先。 in your study. 15．（2023·江苏常州·二模）他想知道爸爸将去德国出差多久。 He wonders . 定语从句 一、定义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 找出复合句中先行词、关系词 和定语从句 1.The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 2.This is the garden that they visited last time 3.This is the park that we visited last year. 4.The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。初中阶段只学关系代词，在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语的成分。 定语从句的关系词 who/whom who/whom引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须指人。who在从句中作主语、宾语;whom在从句中作宾语,常可省略。在从句中作介词的宾语时,只能用whom,即“介词+whom” This is the man who helped me. 这就是帮助过我的那个人。 That is the girl (whom/who) I have taught. 那就是我教过的女孩。 He is the boy with whom I went there. 他就是和我一起去那里的男孩。 who/ that 当先行词指人时,引导词用who或that均可。如果先行词是one、ones、anyone或those时,一般用who The man who/that is playing the piano is my music teacher. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是我的音乐老师。 that/ which 多数情况下,不管关系代词在从句中是作主语还是宾语,两者都可替换使用。当先行词是anything、everything、nothing等不定代词,或先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词既指人又指物时,只能用that。如果关系代词作介词的宾语时,只能用which,不能用that This is the biggest ship that I've ever seen. 这是我见过的最大的轮船。 This is the room in which you will stay. 这是你将要住的房间。 where/ whose 关系副词where在从句中作地点状语,它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。whose引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词既可以指人也可以指物,意为“某(些)人/物的……” This is the place where he was born. 这是他出生的地方。 Please show me the book whose cover is black.请把封面是黑色的那本书给我看看。 关系词的作用： ①引导定语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在定语从句中担当一个成分 例句： The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。（who/that作主语） Mr. Liu is the person(who/whom/that) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。（whom/that作宾语） This is the pen(which/that) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（which/that作宾语） He is the man whose car was stolen last week. （先行词是人，whose作定语） 注意： ①只用that不用which的情况 先行词是 all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,none, nothing 等不定代词时 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ He did everything that could help us. 先行词有the only,the same,the very 修饰时 This is the same bike that I lost. Cheating was the only thing that interested her most. 先行词既有人又有物时 I am going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited. 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city. The first thing that we should do now is to find a local guide. ②只用which不用that的情况 在非限制性定语从句中 She lost the game,which depressed her greatly. 她输了比赛，这使她很沮丧。 Tokyo,which is the capital of Japan,sees great changes every day. 日本的首都东京每天都有巨大的变化。 介词后用which,不用that The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 我过去住的房子已经变成了一家鞋店。 The pen with which you are writing is Jeff's. 你现在正用来写字的那支钢笔是杰夫的。 1．— What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ________ I’ve got. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 2．—Do you know the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. The date is on the same day with Guyu to pay tribute (致敬) to Cangjie ________ is said to be the inventor of Chinese characters. A．what B．who C．when D．where 3．The girl ________ is reading under the tree ________ my sister. A．which; is B．whom; was C．who; is D．who; was 4．I like the farm ________ I visited last week. A．where B．that C．who D．whom 5．— Dad, do you know that Pan Zhanle broke the world record in the men’s 100-metre freestyle? — That’s amazing. There are many other Chinese athletes like him. Success often comes to those ________ work hard and never give up! A．how B．what C．which D．who 6．— Do you remember the place _______ you visited last year? — Sure. I’ll never forget that place, because I stayed there for almost 10 years. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 7．—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 8．This is the only book ________ I find useful. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 9．Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report? A．who B．how C．which D．where 10．I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made. A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what 二、完成句子 11．世上无难事，只要肯攀登。 Nothing is difficult to the man try. 12．在醒狮舞蹈中，两个人穿特质服装扮演成一头狮子。 In the Lion Dance, a lion is by two people special clothes. 13．Lily returned the pen to me. I lent the pen to her last Friday. (改为定语从句) Lily returned the pen I her last Friday. 14．Do you like the book? I bought the book for you yesterday.（将两句合并为一句） Do you like the book I for you yesterday? 15．我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影 I learned about the inventions to color movies, too. 三．语法填空 （2024深圳一模） As one of Guangdong's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） representatives, Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch （早茶） is a long-standing custom that has been passed down 1 hundreds of years. These delicious foods are now available for 2 （we） to taste in Guangzhou's streets. People in Guangzhou particularly enjoy drinking tea. 3 they greet each other, they often ask, “How about drinking tea?” Why then do people in Guangzhou have such a strong preference for tea? In Guangzhou, tea focuses on both tea and dim sum （点心）. More 4 （important）, drinking tea has developed into a cultural pastime for socializing and gatherings, acting as a bridge for communication in people's 5 （day） lives. It is said that Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch originated from old neighborhoods in Guangzhou. The earliest tea drinking places 6 （call） “Erli Pavilion”. Every day before 7 （start） work, people would go to small tea houses and spend two cents enjoying 8 cup of tea and some dim sum, which are good and cheap. In 2023, the custom of Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch was included in the list of the 9 （eight） batch（批） of Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage programs. Since then, this traditional culture 10 （become） the best symbol of outlining the city's style and cultural charm. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$