精品解析：江苏省镇江市京口区镇江市实验高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学英语试题

镇江市实验高中2024-2025学年第二学期2月考试高二英语试卷 (考试时间：120分钟 总分150分) 一、听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which sport does the man like? A. Table tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball. 2. When could the woman meet the man? A. At 9:30. B. At 10:00. C. At 10:30. 3 What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Friends. C. Mother and son. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a school. B. In a hotel. C. On a bus. 5. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Write a composition. B. Have some classes. C. Go to a concert. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. At what time does the shop close at weekends? A 6:00 pm. B. 6:30 pm. C. 9:00pm. 7. How much will the woman get for the first three weeks’ work? A. 1200 dollars. B. 1400 dollars. C. 1800 dollars. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who will teach the woman to play the guitar? A. Mr. Smith. B. Mr. White. C. Mrs. Smith. 9. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What kind of books does the man need? A. Books about mode m technology. B. Books about medical technology. C. Books about computer technology. 11. Which of the following will the man type into the computer? A. The topic. B. The author’s name. C. The name of the book. 12. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a classroom. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman ask the man those questions? A. To see what type of work is best for him. B. To know what kind of interests he has. C. To find an area near his workplace. 14. What are the man’s interests? A. Buying and solling things. B. Building and repairing things. C. Repairing and collecting things. 15. What has the man been doing this year? A. Selling newspapers in the school. B. Building a house for his friends. C. Selling advertising space for the school newspaper. 16. In which column does the woman write down “sales”? A. “Education”. B. “Experience”. C. “Interests”. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What percentage of people spend Valentine’s Day with their pet according to the survey? A. 33%. B. 25%. C. 20%. 18. Which of the following is a determining factor when it comes to romance according to the survey? A. Religion. B. Income. C. Nationality. 19. Which age group prefers to choose a pet as a partner? A. Under 35. B. Aged 35-54. C. Above 55. 20. Who are the most likely to choose their pet over their partner? A. Australians. B. Indians. C. Turks. 二、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A In this lively little city, there are many fun places to see and things to do. Here are the top four things you can do when you visit Sydney. Enjoy the view from the top of Sydney Tower With the height of 305 meters, Sydney Tower is the tallest structure in the city, offering a 360-degree view. From it, you can see Sydney Harbour (港口), the Sydney Opera House, and even the Blue Mountains. For an extra thrill, try the Skywalk, an outdoor glass-floored platform. Ride famous Sydney Ferries (渡船) Ferries are a key part of Sydney’s transport system. They leave from Circular Quay, travel through Sydney Harbour, and reach Manly Beach. Enjoy attractive views of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House along the way. Once at Manly, explore the beach, enjoy local seafood, or take a walk. Visit the famous Sydney Opera House Take a guided tour of the Sydney Opera House to learn about its history and design. This UNESCO World Heritage site offers a variety of performances, from opera and ballet to contemporary music and theater. After your tour or show, relax at a nearby cafe or restaurant with a harbour view. See animals up close at Taronga Zoo Taronga Zoo, located on the shores of Sydney Harbour, is home to over 4,000 animals from 350 species. Feed a giraffe, take a photo with a koala, or watch a penguin show. The zoo also offers unique experiences like the “Roar and Snore” overnight stay, allowing you to camp out and enjoy the zoo after dark. Educational talks and animal encounters make it a fun visit for all ages. Whether it’s your first time in Sydney or you’re visiting again these activities will help you fully enjoy the uniqueness of this city. 1. What can visitors see from the Sydney Tower? A. The koalas kept in the zoo. B. The whole city. C. The inside of the Sydney Opera House. D. The underwater life of Sydney Harbour. 2. Where do Sydney Ferries leave from? A. Circular Quay. B. Manly Beach. C. The Sydney Harbour Bridge. D. The Blue Mountains. 3. In which place can visitors get educational talks? A. Sydney Tower. B. Manly Beach. C. Sydney Opera House. D. Taronga Zoo. B I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish. Then, seven years ago, when I was 43, I went to talk with someone who had just done the Sahara Desert race. I felt so inspired and promised I would run it, too. A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next. My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. On the first day, I ran for around six to seven hours, eating along the way to get more energy. On day two, I tore my right Achilles tendon (跟腱). I slowed my pace and thought about the soldiers’ charity I was doing the run for. It was nothing compared with some of their injuries. Then, on day 26, it got worse. I couldn’t bear even the light touch of an ice cube. I had to walk through the day, which took almost 11 hours. I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life. On May 20 I finished, four days after my 50th birthday. It’s been a long progression from being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) to where I am now. I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already. 4 How was the author’s first marathon? A. He didn’t finish it. B. He didn’t do it well. C. He got hurt halfway. D. He fell in love with it. 5. What was the writer’s purpose of running marathons in the UK? A. To raise money for a charity. B. To create a new world record. C. To prepare for a marathon race. D. To push himself to reach the goal. 6. What does the author think is the most important quality he has? A. Kindness. B. Curiosity. C. Bravery. D. Determination. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Never Stop Running B. Running Makes Success C. Being Prepared for Running D. Running for a Better Future C Wendy Suzuki, a Professor of Neural Science and Psychology in the Center for Neural Science at New York University, once said in a TED talk in reference to exercise that “Simply moving your body has immediate, long-lasting and protective benefits for your brain”. When you simply look at the correlation between people that exercise and happiness, it’s hard to say whether exercise makes one happy or whether happy people tend to exercise more. One study of Stanford University student-athletes actually found that happiness for this group was more a result of their personality than it was of athletic skills. However, the University of Vermont found that just 20 minutes of exercise can boost someone’s mood for up to 12 hours. So next time you’re feeling down, go for a 20-minute run or gym session and reap the rewards for the next 11 hours. Exercise does a lot of things to the brain. You’ve probably heard of endorphins, right? These are hormones (激素) that are produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland within the brain. Their main job is to stop the transmission of pain signals, but they also produce a feeling or euphoria. This is what makes you feel happier instantly, and the effects will last a good amount of time. Endorphins are the only “feel-good” chemicals released through exercising though. Your body will also produce serotonin, norepinephrine, BDNF and dopamine, the reward chemical. The combination of these five chemicals will boost your mood, and have been proved to help to relieve both anxiety and depression. Exercise doesn’t just produce more hormones though, it actually helps to reduce the levels of cortisol and adrenaline in the body. Both of these chemicals in high levels can cause stress. So simply by reducing these, you’ll be able to reduce the stress your brain feels. It goes without saying that reducing negative chemicals and increasing positive chemicals result in a huge shift towards feeling happier. 8. What do the two findings in paragraph 2 have in common? A. They reveal a positive personality is important. B. They tend to link happiness with athletic skills. C. They show what makes a good mood possible. D. They prove optimistic people exercise more. 9. How do endorphins cheer people up? A. By stopping pain signals from producing. B. By producing various positive chemicals. C. By regulating the activity of bad feelings. D. By slowly increasing the happiness level. 10. Which is implied about endorphins according to the passage? A. They can work and exist with BDNF. B. They reduce the quantities of cortisol. C. They are released only during exercise. D. They can absorb other positive hormones. 11. What is the suitable title for the text? A. What endorphins are made up of? B. How a workout makes you delighted? C. Why exercise helps protect your brain? D. Which chemicals push you to exercise? D With an increasing demand and numerous challenges concerning traditional coffee agriculture, there is a pressing need for alternative ways of producing coffee. Due to the high demand for coffee, more land is required, leading to deforestation (滥伐森林) — particularly in sensitive areas of rainforest. VTT is developing coffee production through plant cells in its laboratory in Finland. “This project has been part of our overall job to look for the environmentally friendly biotechnological solutions to daily foods that are conventionally produced by agriculture. For this, we use many different hosts, such as microbes (微生物) and plant cells,” says research team leader, Dr Heiko Rischer from VTT. The work started by initiating (创立) coffee cell cultures and establishing respective cell lines. In terms of smell and taste, the trained sensory panel and analytical examination found nothing divergent when comparing the lab’s coffee to ordinary coffee. “Our coffee is so real that it is hard to tell it from the conventional one. Coffee making is an art and involves many processes. Our work provides the basis for such work,” says Rischer. The experience of drinking the very first cup was exciting. Rischer estimates expanding their production is still years away. Growing plant cells requires specific expertise when it is time to improve the process. And the coffee produced in lab conditions should first be approved as Novel Food by the European Commission before being marketed. “Therefore, that’s what we need to devote ourselves to next in the project,” says Rischer. “That said, we have proved that coffee produced in our lab can be real.” The true impact of the project will happen through companies that are willing to rethink food material production and start driving commercial applications. VTT supports large enterprises and small companies in adopting opportunities in their product development. 12. What is the mission of VTT? A. Finding alternatives to coffee. B. Achieving sustainable food production. C. Protecting the areas of rainforest. D. Developing biotechnology in agriculture. 13. What does the underlined word “divergent” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Rernarkable. B. Original. C. Unpleasant. D. Different. 14. What may the project focus on in the following stage? A. Improving the flavour. B. Increasing the production. C. Gaining official approval. D. Cooperating with companies. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Lab- grown Coffee Became a Reality B. Coffee Production Is Facing Challenges C. VVT Met with Success in Novel Food D. Agriculture Is Undergoing a Transformation 三、七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant? ___16___ In reality, however, waiting for the right time can often mean waiting forever. ___17___ It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin. Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy. ___18___ There will always be distractions, challenges, and reasons to delay. Trying to find the right moment is like looking for rain in a rainbow — the longer you waits, the farther it seems to get. The truth is there is no right time to initiate anything. As soon as you start something, that is the right time, and every second afterward is another chance for development. The moment you take action, you’re already ahead of where you were before, building confidence along the way. Start that exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter. ___19___ Perfect conditions aren’t necessary; progress is what matters. When you take action, you send a powerful message to yourself: your goals are worth it, and so are you. You’ll soon discover that each step opens doors to new opportunities, support, and growth. So if there’s a goal you’ve been putting off, stop waiting. Start today. Start now. ___20___ It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as it’s meant to be. A. It’s best to wait for the perfect moment. B. New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example. C. Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today. D. But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances. E. The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future. F. You have to have it all figured out to start making progress. G. We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today. 四、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 An English battleship was sailing at sea in the severe weather for several days. The visibility was poor ___21___ heavy fog, so the captain landed on the watchtower, ___22___ all the activities. Shortly, a lookout reported that a light ahead was ___23___. The captain asked, “Is it steady or ___24___ towards our ship?” The lookout replied, “The light was steady, but our ___25___ was going to be in ___26___ with that one.” The captain ordered the lookout to send a signal to that ship and told them that the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didn’t ___27___ course. Back came a signal, “It’s ___28___ for you to change course.” Then the captain shouted angrily. “Send, I’m a battleship. You’ll change course.” “Captain, I’ve never seen you blow your top before.” the lookout said and did. Back came another ___29___, “I’m a lighthouse!” The captain was ___30___ after knowing this, and they had to change their course ___31___. On our path in life, we sometimes have to change course: ___32___, we would run into the ___33___. Some people spend much time trying to change everything around them, not realizing they can ___34___ it only by changing themselves. They’re hitting their head on the barrier but expecting a good result. It’s just as stupid as not changing their course when those are about to collide with a lighthouse. So when life puts an unmovable ___35___ in front of you, stick to the secret: changing course and going on. 21. A. in spite of B. in addition to C. on account of D. on top of 22. A. keeping an eye on B. enquiring about C. engaging in D. turning a deaf ear to 23. A. charging B. falling C. fading D. flashing 24. A. shooting B. moving C. pointing D. looking 25. A. instruction B. method C. ship D. captain 26. A. trade B. peace C. collision D. comparison 27. A. affect B. readjust C. admit D. uncover 28. A. typical B. early C. challenging D. advisable 29. A. signal B. sign C. symbol D. shelter 30. A. heartbroken B. innocent C. relieved D. thunderstruck 31. A. temporarily B. instantly C. slowly D. merrily 32. A. otherwise B. however C. therefore D. anyway 33. A. top secret B. safe path C. comfort zone D. brick wall 34. A. learn B. make C. take D. see 35. A. opportunity B. target C. object D. fantasy 五、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Grand Canal (大运河) is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years, ___36___ construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times the length of the Panama Canal. It is ___37___ golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing ___38___(pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems. The canal functioned ___39___ the backbone (支柱) of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt, log and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, ___40___(contribute) hugely to ancient China’s economy. The canal ___41___(enormous) promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north and south, ___42___ ensured the country’s ___43___(stable). In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan ___44___(build) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. In the past 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks ___45___(recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt. 六、单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 46. He is a famous doctor who s______ in children’s diseases.(根据首字母单词拼写) 47. A minor is p______ by law from entering Internet cafés. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. Don’t rush to a c______, or you’ll regret sooner or later. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. The past few years have w______ great momentous changes in the village. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. Mary was so a______ in her work that she didn’t realize that I was behind her. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. Only when our words are _________ (一致的) with our actions can we make a difference in our life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Police have stressed that this is the most _________ (精确的，准确的) description of the killer to date. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 53. They’re putting up new hotels in order to ______ (促进) tourism in the area. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. She is under ______ (合同) to a major American computer firm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. We are supposed to strictly and voluntarily obey traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than ______ (抱怨) about traffic jams. （根据汉语意思单词拼写） 七、单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 56. What is the __________ (motivate) behind the sudden change? (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. I can’t stand his laziness and lack of ______(commit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ______ (ultimate) lead to illness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. It took a lot of ______ (persuade) to get my mother to agree to the idea. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. Then came the ____________ (disturb) news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 61. An experienced public speaker usually begins by arousing the audience’s ________ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. Any student ______ (participate) in this activity will be given a prize. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. His mother was hard-working and ______ (ambition) for her four children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. I can hardly express how grateful I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of______(grateful). (所给词的适当形式填空) 65. Our school offers good equipment and you will be well ______ (equip) with knowledge and skills for your future job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 八、读后续写(满分25分) 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 When the sun rose one summer morning, Mark, a high school student, was riding his bike on the way to school as usual. He admired the attractive sights along the road with colorful flowers on both sides, and fresh air full of pleasant smell. It seemed to be a great day. Mark was passing a park when he noticed an elderly woman walking about 100 meters ahead slowly falling down onto the ground. He felt his heart standing still with great concern. With nobody else around to turn to for help, Mark decided to ride over to see what was wrong with her for himself. As he approached the old lady, he found her lying on the ground and looking pale and weak. Judging from her untidy clothes and messy hair, she might have been out for more than one day. “Are you all right, Granny?” Shaking her arm, Mark asked anxiously. The old lady opened her eyes, a confused and lost expression on her face. She hesitated and then took a closer look. Immediately a big smile appeared on her face. Grasping Mark’s hand, she said with shining eyes, “John, there you are at last! My son, I’m hungry... hungry... Give me food...” She repeated, patting herself on the stomach. Not knowing what to do, Mark anxiously asked her, “Granny, where is your home? Can you tell me who your son is?” But the old lady didn’t respond, only mumbling (嘟囔), “I’m hungry. Give me food, John.” Obviously, she mistook Mark for her son. All of a sudden, Mark realized the old lady might be a patient with Alzheimer’s (痴呆症)disease because his own late grandpa used to suffer from such a condition. “She might have gone out without being noticed by her family. They must have been worried about her. Maybe they’re searching like crazy for her everywhere.” Mark thought to himself, “But she is so starved. I must give her some food before I get in touch with her family.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Looking around, Mark saw Billy’s Hamburgers nearby. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just then the old lady reached into her pocket, a note dropping out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 ACCBA 6-10 BABAC 11-15 ABABC 16-20 BCBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 镇江市实验高中2024-2025学年第二学期2月考试高二英语试卷 (考试时间：120分钟 总分150分) 一、听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which sport does the man like? A. Table tennis. B. Football. C. Basketball. 2. When could the woman meet the man? A. At 9:30. B. At 10:00. C. At 10:30. 3. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Friends. C. Mother and son. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a school. B. In a hotel. C. On a bus. 5. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Write a composition. B. Have some classes. C. Go to a concert. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. At what time does the shop close at weekends? A. 6:00 pm. B. 6:30 pm. C. 9:00pm. 7. How much will the woman get for the first three weeks’ work? A. 1200 dollars. B. 1400 dollars. C. 1800 dollars. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who will teach the woman to play the guitar? A. Mr. Smith. B. Mr. White. C. Mrs. Smith. 9. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What kind of books does the man need? A. Books about mode m technology. B. Books about medical technology. C. Books about computer technology. 11. Which of the following will the man type into the computer? A. The topic. B. The author’s name. C. The name of the book. 12. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a classroom. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman ask the man those questions? A. To see what type of work is best for him. B. To know what kind of interests he has. C. To find an area near his workplace. 14. What are the man’s interests? A. Buying and solling things. B. Building and repairing things. C. Repairing and collecting things. 15. What has the man been doing this year? A. Selling newspapers in the school. B. Building a house for his friends. C. Selling advertising space for the school newspaper. 16. In which column does the woman write down “sales”? A. “Education”. B. “Experience”. C. “Interests”. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What percentage of people spend Valentine’s Day with their pet according to the survey? A. 33%. B. 25%. C. 20%. 18. Which of the following is a determining factor when it comes to romance according to the survey? A. Religion. B. Income. C. Nationality. 19. Which age group prefers to choose a pet as a partner? A. Under 35. B. Aged 35-54. C. Above 55. 20. Who are the most likely to choose their pet over their partner? A. Australians. B. Indians. C. Turks. 二、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A In this lively little city, there are many fun places to see and things to do. Here are the top four things you can do when you visit Sydney. Enjoy the view from the top of Sydney Tower With the height of 305 meters, Sydney Tower is the tallest structure in the city, offering a 360-degree view. From it, you can see Sydney Harbour (港口), the Sydney Opera House, and even the Blue Mountains. For an extra thrill, try the Skywalk, an outdoor glass-floored platform. Ride famous Sydney Ferries (渡船) Ferries are a key part of Sydney’s transport system. They leave from Circular Quay, travel through Sydney Harbour, and reach Manly Beach. Enjoy attractive views of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House along the way. Once at Manly, explore the beach, enjoy local seafood, or take a walk. Visit the famous Sydney Opera House Take a guided tour of the Sydney Opera House to learn about its history and design. This UNESCO World Heritage site offers a variety of performances, from opera and ballet to contemporary music and theater. After your tour or show, relax at a nearby cafe or restaurant with a harbour view. See animals up close at Taronga Zoo Taronga Zoo, located on the shores of Sydney Harbour, is home to over 4,000 animals from 350 species. Feed a giraffe, take a photo with a koala, or watch a penguin show. The zoo also offers unique experiences like the “Roar and Snore” overnight stay, allowing you to camp out and enjoy the zoo after dark. Educational talks and animal encounters make it a fun visit for all ages. Whether it’s your first time in Sydney or you’re visiting again, these activities will help you fully enjoy the uniqueness of this city. 1. What can visitors see from the Sydney Tower? A. The koalas kept in the zoo. B. The whole city. C. The inside of the Sydney Opera House. D. The underwater life of Sydney Harbour. 2. Where do Sydney Ferries leave from? A. Circular Quay. B. Manly Beach. C. The Sydney Harbour Bridge. D. The Blue Mountains. 3. In which place can visitors get educational talks? A. Sydney Tower. B. Manly Beach. C. Sydney Opera House. D. Taronga Zoo. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在悉尼旅行时可以进行的四种有趣活动，包括参观悉尼塔、搭乘悉尼渡轮、游览悉尼歌剧院以及近距离接触动物的悉尼塔隆加动物园。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Enjoy the view from the top of Sydney Tower中“From it, you can see Sydney Harbour, the Sydney Opera House, and even the Blue Mountains.(从塔上可以看到悉尼港、悉尼歌剧院，甚至蓝山)”可知，游客可以在悉尼塔上看到整个城市风景。故选B。 2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ride famous Sydney Ferries (渡船) 中的“They leave from Circular Quay, travel through Sydney Harbour, and reach Manly Beach.(它们从环形码头出发，经过悉尼港，到达曼利海滩)”可知，悉尼渡轮从环形码头（Circular Quay）出发。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据See animals up close at Taronga Zoo中“Educational talks and animal encounters make it a fun visit for all ages.(教育性讲座和与动物的互动让它成为适合所有年龄段的有趣旅游目的地)”可知，在塔隆加动物园可以参加教育讲座。故选D。 B I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running to get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish. Then, seven years ago, when I was 43, I went to talk with someone who had just done the Sahara Desert race. I felt so inspired and promised I would run it, too. A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next. My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. On the first day, I ran for around six to seven hours, eating along the way to get more energy. On day two, I tore my right Achilles tendon (跟腱). I slowed my pace and thought about the soldiers’ charity I was doing the run for. It was nothing compared with some of their injuries. Then, on day 26, it got worse. I couldn’t bear even the light touch of an ice cube. I had to walk through the day, which took almost 11 hours. I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life. On May 20 I finished, four days after my 50th birthday. It’s been a long progression from being an unfit slacker (懒散的人) to where I am now. I have a better body now than at any point in my life. Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already. 4. How was the author’s first marathon? A. He didn’t finish it. B. He didn’t do it well. C. He got hurt halfway. D. He fell in love with it. 5. What was the writer’s purpose of running marathons in the UK? A. To raise money for a charity. B. To create a new world record. C. To prepare for a marathon race. D. To push himself to reach the goal. 6. What does the author think is the most important quality he has? A. Kindness. B. Curiosity. C. Bravery. D. Determination. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Never Stop Running B. Running Makes Success C. Being Prepared for Running D. Running for a Better Future 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从首次艰难完成马拉松到挑战自我，连续在英国66个城市完成50公里跑，为慈善筹款并纪念父亲的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running go get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish.(我25岁时第一次跑马拉松。我开始跑步是为了健身，我想试一试。然而，我开始得太快了，发现它很痛苦，挣扎着完成)”可知，作者第一次跑马拉松时起始速度过快，痛苦并挣扎着完成。由此可知，作者的第一次马拉松做得不好。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My father, a former soldier, had just died of cancer and I wanted to gather fund (资金) for a soldiers charity in his memory. There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between. (我的父亲是一名退伍军人，刚刚死于癌症，我想为一个军人慈善机构筹集资金，以纪念他。英国有66个城市，所以我提出了一个挑战——在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日)”可知，作者的父亲是一位前军人，因癌症去世，作者希望为一个军人慈善机构筹集资金以纪念他。由此可知，作者在英国跑步的主要目的是为慈善事业筹集资金。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I kept telling myself I couldn’t fail. If I quit, the pain would have stopped, but I knew I would regret it for the rest of my life.(我一直告诉自己我不能失败。如果我放弃了，痛苦就会停止，但我知道我会后悔一辈子)”以及尾段中的“I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.(我只是有决心，并且已经计划好了下一个目标)”可知，作者在感到痛苦的时候不断提醒自己不能放弃，并且认为自己有决心。由此推知，作者认为决心是他最重要的品质。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“I did my first marathon at 25. I’d taken up running go get fit and thought I’d give it a try. However, I started too fast, found it very painful and struggled to finish.(我25岁时第一次跑马拉松。我开始跑步是为了健身，我想试一试。然而，我开始得太快了，发现它很痛苦，挣扎着完成)”可知，作者第一次跑马拉松做的不好，根据第二段中的“A year later, I completed 24-hour ultra-marathon in the Namibian desert, I wondered what on earth I could do next.(一年后，我在纳米比亚沙漠完成了24小时超级马拉松，我想知道接下来我到底能做什么)”和“There are 66 cities in the UK so I came up with a challenge — a 50 km marathon in each city, no rest days in between.(英国有66个城市，所以我提出了一个挑战——在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日)”可知，作者一年后完成了24小时超级马拉松，并在接下来挑战在每个城市跑50公里的马拉松，中间没有休息日，并最终取得成功，结合尾段的“Anyone can do this, I’m not a superhuman. I’m just determined, and I have the next thing planned already.(任何人都能做到，我不是超人。我只是有决心，并且已经计划好了下一个目标)”可知，作者从第一次艰难的马拉松经历，到后来挑战自我完成一系列极限跑步，展现了作者不会停止追求新的目标的决心。由此可知，“Never Stop Running(永不停止奔跑)”最能概括文本的主题思想，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 C Wendy Suzuki, a Professor of Neural Science and Psychology in the Center for Neural Science at New York University, once said in a TED talk in reference to exercise that “Simply moving your body has immediate, long-lasting and protective benefits for your brain”. When you simply look at the correlation between people that exercise and happiness, it’s hard to say whether exercise makes one happy or whether happy people tend to exercise more. One study of Stanford University student-athletes actually found that happiness for this group was more a result of their personality than it was of athletic skills. However, the University of Vermont found that just 20 minutes of exercise can boost someone’s mood for up to 12 hours. So next time you’re feeling down, go for a 20-minute run or gym session and reap the rewards for the next 11 hours. Exercise does a lot of things to the brain. You’ve probably heard of endorphins, right? These are hormones (激素) that are produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland within the brain. Their main job is to stop the transmission of pain signals, but they also produce a feeling or euphoria. This is what makes you feel happier instantly, and the effects will last a good amount of time. Endorphins are the only “feel-good” chemicals released through exercising though. Your body will also produce serotonin, norepinephrine, BDNF and dopamine, the reward chemical. The combination of these five chemicals will boost your mood, and have been proved to help to relieve both anxiety and depression. Exercise doesn’t just produce more hormones though, it actually helps to reduce the levels of cortisol and adrenaline in the body. Both of these chemicals in high levels can cause stress. So simply by reducing these, you’ll be able to reduce the stress your brain feels. It goes without saying that reducing negative chemicals and increasing positive chemicals result in a huge shift towards feeling happier. 8. What do the two findings in paragraph 2 have in common? A. They reveal a positive personality is important. B. They tend to link happiness with athletic skills. C. They show what makes a good mood possible. D. They prove optimistic people exercise more. 9. How do endorphins cheer people up? A. By stopping pain signals from producing. B. By producing various positive chemicals. C. By regulating the activity of bad feelings. D. By slowly increasing the happiness level. 10. Which is implied about endorphins according to the passage? A. They can work and exist with BDNF. B. They reduce the quantities of cortisol. C. They are released only during exercise. D. They can absorb other positive hormones. 11. What is the suitable title for the text? A. What endorphins are made up of? B. How a workout makes you delighted? C. Why exercise helps protect your brain? D. Which chemicals push you to exercise? 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动如何让人变得更快乐。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One study of Stanford University student-athletes actually found that happiness for this group was more a result of their personality than it was of athletic skills. However, The University of Vermont found that just 20 minutes of exercise can boost someone’s mood for up to 12 hours. So next time you’re feeling down, go for a 20-minute run or gym session and reap the rewards for the next 11 hours. (一项针对斯坦福大学（Stanford University）学生运动员的研究发现，这群人的快乐更多地是由他们的个性决定的，而不是运动技能。然而，佛蒙特大学发现，仅仅20分钟的运动就能让人的情绪振奋长达12个小时。所以下次你情绪低落的时候，去跑个20分钟或去健身房锻炼一下，在接下来的11个小时里有所收获)”可知，两个发现的共同之处是，他们都展示了怎样才能有一个好心情。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Exercise does a lot of things to the brain. You’ve probably heard of endorphins, right? These are hormones (激素) that are produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland within the brain. Their main job is to stop the transmission of pain signals, but they also produce a feeling or euphoria. This is what makes you feel happier instantly, and the effects will last a good amount of time. (运动对大脑有很多影响。你可能听说过内啡肽，对吧？这些激素是由中枢神经系统和脑下垂体产生的。它们的主要作用是阻止疼痛信号的传递，但它们也会产生一种欢快感。这会让你立刻感到快乐，而且效果会持续很长一段时间)”可知，内啡肽可以阻止疼痛信号的传递，并产生一种欢快感，让人感到快乐，由此可知内啡肽可以调节不良情绪。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Endorphins are the only “feel-good” chemicals released through exercising though. Your body will also produce serotonin, norepinephrine, BDNF and dopamine, the reward chemical. The combination of these five chemicals will boost your mood, and have been proved to help to relieve both anxiety and depression. (内啡肽是唯一通过锻炼释放的“感觉良好”的化学物质。你的身体也会产生血清素、去甲肾上腺素、BDNF和多巴胺，这是一种奖励化学物质。这五种化学物质的结合会改善你的情绪，并已被证明有助于缓解焦虑和抑郁)”可知，内啡肽可以与BDNF一起工作和共存。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“Wendy Suzuki, a Professor of Neural Science and Psychology in the Center for Neural Science at New York University, once said in a TED talk in reference to exercise that “Simply moving your body has immediate, long-lasting and protective benefits for your brain”. (纽约大学神经科学中心的神经科学和心理学教授Wendy Suzuki曾在TED演讲中谈到锻炼时说：“简单地运动一下你的身体，对你的大脑有直接、持久和保护的好处。”)”可知，文章主要讲述运动如何让人变得更快乐。因此B项“锻炼如何让你开心”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。 D With an increasing demand and numerous challenges concerning traditional coffee agriculture, there is a pressing need for alternative ways of producing coffee. Due to the high demand for coffee, more land is required, leading to deforestation (滥伐森林) — particularly in sensitive areas of rainforest. VTT is developing coffee production through plant cells in its laboratory in Finland. “This project has been part of our overall job to look for the environmentally friendly biotechnological solutions to daily foods that are conventionally produced by agriculture. For this, we use many different hosts, such as microbes (微生物) and plant cells,” says research team leader, Dr Heiko Rischer from VTT. The work started by initiating (创立) coffee cell cultures and establishing respective cell lines. In terms of smell and taste, the trained sensory panel and analytical examination found nothing divergent when comparing the lab’s coffee to ordinary coffee. “Our coffee is so real that it is hard to tell it from the conventional one. Coffee making is an art and involves many processes. Our work provides the basis for such work,” says Rischer. The experience of drinking the very first cup was exciting. Rischer estimates expanding their production is still years away. Growing plant cells requires specific expertise when it is time to improve the process. And the coffee produced in lab conditions should first be approved as Novel Food by the European Commission before being marketed. “Therefore, that’s what we need to devote ourselves to next in the project,” says Rischer. “That said, we have proved that coffee produced in our lab can be real.” The true impact of the project will happen through companies that are willing to rethink food material production and start driving commercial applications. VTT supports large enterprises and small companies in adopting opportunities in their product development. 12. What is the mission of VTT? A. Finding alternatives to coffee. B. Achieving sustainable food production. C. Protecting the areas of rainforest. D. Developing biotechnology in agriculture. 13. What does the underlined word “divergent” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Rernarkable. B. Original. C. Unpleasant. D. Different. 14. What may the project focus on in the following stage? A. Improving the flavour. B. Increasing the production. C. Gaining official approval. D. Cooperating with companies. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Lab- grown Coffee Became a Reality B. Coffee Production Is Facing Challenges C. VVT Met with Success in Novel Food D. Agriculture Is Undergoing a Transformation 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芬兰国家技术研究中心的研究人员已经在实验室里培育出了一种咖啡，它的气味和口感与传统咖啡无异，使咖啡的可持续性生产成为现实。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This project has been part of our overall job to look for the environmentally friendly biotechnological solutions to daily foods that are conventionally produced by agriculture.(这个项目是我们整体工作的一部分，寻找环保的生物技术解决方案，以解决传统农业生产的日常食品)”可知，VTT的使命是实现可持续食品生产。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Our coffee is so real that it is hard to tell it from the conventional one.(我们的咖啡是如此真实，以至于很难将其与传统咖啡区分开来)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“在嗅觉和味觉方面，经过训练的感官小组和分析检查发现，实验室的咖啡与普通咖啡相比没有任何不同”，划线词divergent的意思是“不同的”，和different意思相近。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“And the coffee produced in lab conditions should first be approved as Novel Food by the European Commission before being marketed.(在实验室条件下生产的咖啡在上市前应首先被欧盟委员会批准为新型食品)”和“Therefore, that’s what we need to devote ourselves to next in the project(因此，这是我们下一步在项目中需要投入的)”可知，在实验室条件下生产的咖啡在出售前需要首先被欧盟委员会批准为新型食品，这是研究者们在项目中接下来需要致力做的事情，所以该项目接下来可能会重点关注获得官方批准。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“VTT is developing coffee production through plant cells in its laboratory in Finland.(VTT正在芬兰的实验室里通过植物细胞开发咖啡生产)”和第三段“In terms of smell and taste, the trained sensory panel and analytical examination found nothing divergent when comparing the lab’s coffee to ordinary coffee.(在嗅觉和味觉方面，经过训练的感官小组和分析检查发现，实验室的咖啡与普通咖啡相比没有任何不同)”可知，本文主要讲的是芬兰国家技术研究中心的研究人员已经在实验室里培育出了一种咖啡，它的气味和口感与传统咖啡无异，使咖啡的可持续性生产成为现实，因此最好的题目是A选项“Lab- grown Coffee Became a Reality(实验室种植的咖啡成为现实)”。故选A。 三、七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant? ___16___ In reality, however, waiting for the right time can often mean waiting forever. ___17___ It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin. Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy. ___18___ There will always be distractions, challenges, and reasons to delay. Trying to find the right moment is like looking for rain in a rainbow — the longer you waits, the farther it seems to get. The truth is there is no right time to initiate anything. As soon as you start something, that is the right time, and every second afterward is another chance for development. The moment you take action, you’re already ahead of where you were before, building confidence along the way. Start that exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter. ___19___ Perfect conditions aren’t necessary; progress is what matters. When you take action, you send a powerful message to yourself: your goals are worth it, and so are you. You’ll soon discover that each step opens doors to new opportunities, support, and growth. So if there’s a goal you’ve been putting off, stop waiting. Start today. Start now. ___20___ It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as it’s meant to be. A. It’s best to wait for the perfect moment. B. New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example. C. Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today. D. But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances. E. The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future. F. You have to have it all figured out to start making progress. G. We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了关于等待“完美时机”去做重要事情的普遍心理，并通过分析指出实际上并不存在所谓的“完美时机”，鼓励人们立即采取行动，通过每一步的努力来追求自己的目标和梦想。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever experienced a situation in your life where you are waiting for a good time to do something very significant?(是否曾在生活中遇到过这样的情况：一直在等待一个绝佳时机，去做一件意义非凡的事？)”可知，上文询问是否有过等待合适时机做重要事情的经历。选项G“We often tell ourselves that tomorrow will be better than today.(我们常常告诉自己明天会比今天好)”进一步阐述了人们等待合适时机时的心理，符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据下文“It is a popular practice around the world, as many assume a good starting date is the ideal time for change. Yet, within weeks or some months, these promises are off the table. Why? It’s not the date that matters. It’s the mindset that there is a perfect time to begin.(这在世界各地都是一种普遍的做法，因为许多人认为一个好的起始日期是做出改变的理想时机。然而，几周或几个月内，这些决心就被抛诸脑后了。为什么呢？重要的并非日期，而是认为存在一个完美开端的这种心态)”中的“these promises are off the table”以及“a good starting date is the ideal time for change”，并结合常识，新年决心通常是人们在新的一年开始时许下的承诺，且新年是一个新的开始日期。选项B“New Year’s resolutions are a perfect example.(新年决心就是一个很好的例子)”符合语境，引出下文对这种等待合适时机开始做事却常失败的例子阐述。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文“Often, the search for the perfect time is about feeling ready. We tell ourselves we’ll start when we’re more motivated, better prepared, or less busy.(通常，寻找完美时机往往是为了让自己感觉 “准备好了”。我们会告诉自己，等更有动力、准备更充分或者没那么忙的时候就开始)”提到人们会找各种理由等待合适时机，如更有动力、准备更充分或不那么忙的时候；而后文指出“There will always be distractions, challenges, and reasons to delay.(总会有干扰因素、挑战以及拖延的理由)”生活中很难有完美的情况。选项D“But life rarely provides a perfect set of circumstances.(但生活很少提供完美的环境)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“Start that exercise routine with a ten-minute walk. Begin studying by reading one chapter.(从十分钟散步开始日常锻炼。从阅读一个章节开启学习之旅)”列举了开始行动的具体例子。选项C“Pursue your dreams by doing one small thing today.(通过今天做一件小事来追求你的梦想)”进一步强调通过做小事开始行动，与前文呼应。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据下文“It’s this very moment, right here, right now. And as you move forward, you’ll find things fall into place as it’s meant to be.(就是此时此刻，就在这里，就是现在。当你向前迈进时，你会发现一切都会自然而然地步入正轨)”可知，下文强调现在就是合适的时机。选项E“The perfect time for it isn’t some distant day in the future.(合适的时机不是未来某个遥远的日子)”与之相呼应，表明不要等待未来的完美时机，现在就行动。故选E。 四、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 An English battleship was sailing at sea in the severe weather for several days. The visibility was poor ___21___ heavy fog, so the captain landed on the watchtower, ___22___ all the activities. Shortly, a lookout reported that a light ahead was ___23___. The captain asked, “Is it steady or ___24___ towards our ship?” The lookout replied, “The light was steady, but our ___25___ was going to be in ___26___ with that one.” The captain ordered the lookout to send a signal to that ship and told them that the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didn’t ___27___ course. Back came a signal, “It’s ___28___ for you to change course.” Then the captain shouted angrily. “Send, I’m a battleship. You’ll change course.” “Captain, I’ve never seen you blow your top before.” the lookout said and did. Back came another ___29___, “I’m a lighthouse!” The captain was ___30___ after knowing this, and they had to change their course ___31___. On our path in life, we sometimes have to change course: ___32___, we would run into the ___33___. Some people spend much time trying to change everything around them, not realizing they can ___34___ it only by changing themselves. They’re hitting their head on the barrier but expecting a good result. It’s just as stupid as not changing their course when those are about to collide with a lighthouse. So when life puts an unmovable ___35___ in front of you, stick to the secret: changing course and going on. 21. A. in spite of B. in addition to C. on account of D. on top of 22. A. keeping an eye on B. enquiring about C. engaging in D. turning a deaf ear to 23. A. charging B. falling C. fading D. flashing 24. A. shooting B. moving C. pointing D. looking 25. A. instruction B. method C. ship D. captain 26. A. trade B. peace C. collision D. comparison 27. A. affect B. readjust C. admit D. uncover 28. A. typical B. early C. challenging D. advisable 29. A. signal B. sign C. symbol D. shelter 30. A. heartbroken B. innocent C. relieved D. thunderstruck 31. A. temporarily B. instantly C. slowly D. merrily 32. A. otherwise B. however C. therefore D. anyway 33. A. top secret B. safe path C. comfort zone D. brick wall 34. A. learn B. make C. take D. see 35. A. opportunity B. target C. object D. fantasy 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一艘英国战舰差点与灯塔相撞的故事，告诉我们一个道理：当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要改变的是你自己，所以，改变方向，继续前进。 【21题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔上，密切注意着所有的活动。A. in spite of尽管；B. in addition to除了；C. on account of由于；D. on top of在……之上，除……之外。由本处的“The visibility was poor ___1___ heavy fog”可知，是由于大雾，能见度很低。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔上，密切注意着所有的活动。A. keeping an eye on密切注意；B. enquiring about询问；C. engaging in从事；D. turning a deaf ear to充耳不闻。由上文语境可知，这艘英国战舰在恶劣的天气下在海上航行了好几天，雾大能见度低，因此船长上了瞭望塔，密切注意着船和船周边的一切活动（以防发生意外）。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，瞭望员报告说前面有一盏灯闪着。A. charging收费；B. falling落下；C. fading褪色；D. flashing闪光。由下文的“The light was steady”可知，前方有灯闪着。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个船长问：“它是稳定的还是朝我们的船移动的？”A. shooting射击；B. moving移动；C. pointing指出；D. looking看。由空前“steady or”以及下文的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other”可知，船长问灯是稳定的，还是在向他们的船移动，如果灯是移动的，他们就有相撞的风险。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瞭望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的，但我们的船要与那艘船相撞。”A. instruction说明书；B. method方法；C. ship船；D. captain船长。由下文的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didn’t ___7___ course”可知，如果双方不重新调整航向的话，“我们”的船就要与那艘船相撞，此处指这位瞭望员和船长所在的船。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瞭望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的，但我们的船要与那艘船相撞。”A. trade贸易；B. peace和平，宁静；C. collision碰撞；D. comparison对比。由下文的“crashing into each other if they didn’t ___7___ course.”可知，如果双方不重新调整航向的话，“我们”的船要与那艘船相撞。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长命令瞭望员向那艘船发出信号，并告诉他们，如果双方不重新调整航向，就有相撞的危险。A. affect影响；B. readjust重新适应，稍作改变，微调；C. admit承认；D. uncover揭开。由上文“ the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other”以及下文的“they had to change their course”可知，船长立即改变航向（避免了相撞），所以此处指如果不改变航向，就会有相撞的风险。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回来了一个信号，“你们改道才是明智的。”A. typical典型的；B. early早的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. advisable明智的。由上文“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other”以及下文“ “I’m a lighthouse!” ”，可知，这里回信号的是灯塔，灯塔无法改变航向，为了避免相撞，船长的船改变航向才是明智的。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：又传来一个信号：“我是灯塔！”A. signal信号；B. sign迹象；C. symbol象征；D. shelter收容所。根据上文“Back came a signal”以及后文“I’m a lighthouse!”可知，此处指又传回了另一个信号。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：船长知道这件事后大吃一惊，他们不得不立即改变航向。A. heartbroken心碎的；B. innocent天真的；C. relieved放心的，感到宽慰的；D. thunderstruck吃惊的。由上文“Then the captain shouted angrily. “Send, I’m a battleship. You’ll change course.””以及““I’m a lighthouse!””可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，一直叫对面改变航向以避免相撞，然而实际上，对面的是灯塔，所以船长知道后大吃一惊。故选D项。 31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：船长知道这件事后大吃一惊，他们不得不立即改变航向。A. temporarily暂时地；B. instantly立即地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. merrily愉快地。由上文“ “I’m a lighthouse!””以及“after knowing this, and they had to change their course”可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，一直叫对面改变航向以避免相撞，然而实际上对面的是灯塔，船长知道后为了避免相撞不得不立即改变航向。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我们人生道路上，我们有时不得不改变方向：否则，我们会遇到砖墙。A. otherwise否则；B. however然而；C. therefore因此；D. anyway无论如何。由上文语境可知，船长的船如果不改变航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一样，为了避免相撞我们不得不改变方向，否则就会碰壁，应用otherwise。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：在我们的人生道路上，我们有时不得不改变方向：否则，我们会碰壁。A. top secret绝密；B. safe path安全路径；C. comfort zone舒适区；D. brick wall砖墙。由上文“The captain ordered the lookout to send a signal to that ship and told them that the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didn’t ______ course.”以及以及所讲的故事可知，船长的船如果不改变航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一样，为了避免相撞我们不得不改变方向，否则就会碰壁，“brick wall”指难以逾越的障碍，run into a brick wall“碰壁”，表示“遇到困难或障碍，无法继续前进”符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人花了很多时间试图改变周围的一切，却没有意识到只有改变自己才能成功。A. learn学习；B. make使；C. take拿走；D. see看见。由上文故事以及空后“by changing themselves”可知，船长一直叫对面的船改变航向以避免相撞，然而，对面的船实际上是灯塔，最后船长通过自己改变航向避免了相撞，人生路上也是如此，试图改变周围的一切是很难的，只有改变自己才能成功，固定搭配make it(成功)。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，坚持这个秘密：改变方向，继续前进。A. opportunity机会；B. target目标；C. object东西，物品；D. fantasy幻想。由上文“I’m a lighthouse!”以及语境可知，灯塔就是那个不可移动的东西，船长不改变航向，就会撞上去，但最后船长通过自己改变航向避免了相撞，所以在人生旅途中，当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要学会自己改变方向，继续前进。故选C项。 五、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Grand Canal (大运河) is the oldest and longest man-made waterway in the world with a history of more than 2,500 years, ___36___ construction started in the Spring and Autumn Period. The 1794 kilometers’ waterway is 22 times the length of the Panama Canal. It is ___37___ golden waterway second only to the Yangtze River in China. The Grand Canal runs from Zhejiang to Beijing ___38___(pass) through six provinces and two municipalities and connects five main river systems. The canal functioned ___39___ the backbone (支柱) of the ancient empire’s inland communication and trading systems. Grain, salt, log and silk were transported along the canal to all directions. Scores of towns along the banks developed, ___40___(contribute) hugely to ancient China’s economy. The canal ___41___(enormous) promoted economic interaction and cultural exchange between the north and south, ___42___ ensured the country’s ___43___(stable). In 2014, it was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site. In 2019 China issued a plan ___44___(build) national cultural parks for the Grand Canal. In the past 2 years, building the Grand Canal national cultural parks ___45___(recognize) as a key task in the 14th Five-Year Plan. In future, cities along the Grand Canal will form a new cultural belt, green belt and tourism belt. 【答案】36. whose 37. a 38. passing 39. as 40. contributing 41. enormously 42. which 43. stability 44. to build 45. has been recognized 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河，主要包括其历史起源、长度、流域、重要作用和未来的发展规划。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大运河是世界上最古老、最长的人工水道，有2500多年的历史，始建于春秋时期。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Grand Canal，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作定语，和construction之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它是中国仅次于长江的黄金水道。此处泛指“一个黄金水道”，使用不定冠词，故填a。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河从浙江流至北京，途经6个省和2个直辖市，连接5个主要水系。句中runs为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。pass“经过”和The Grand Canal逻辑上是主动关系，应用pass的现在分词形式，作状语。故填passing。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：这条运河是古代帝国内陆交通和贸易系统的支柱。根据functioned和the backbone of可知，此处用固定短语function as，意为“充当，起……作用”。故填as。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：两岸的许多城镇发展起来，为古代中国的经济做出了巨大贡献。句中developed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。scores of towns与contribute之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填contributing。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳定。设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词promoted。故填enormously。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实，使用关系代词which。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。设空处使用stable的名词形式stability作宾语，意为“稳定”，是不可数名词。故填stability。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年，中国发布了大运河国家文化公园建设方案。名词plan后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的计划，……的方案”。故填to build。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：近两年来，大运河国家文化公园建设被确定为“十四五”规划的重点任务。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“During the last 2 years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，recognize“认可”和主语building the Grand Canal national cultural parks之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单个的动名词短语，助动词用has。故填has been recognized。 六、单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 46. He is a famous doctor who s______ in children’s diseases.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】specializes##pecializes 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他是一位专门研究儿童疾病的著名医生。结合句意及首字母提示可知，specialize“专门从事，专门研究”，动词，此处是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，who指代先行词doctor，表示单数意义，从句谓语动词使用三单形式，故填specializes。 47. A minor is p______ by law from entering Internet cafés. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】prohibited##rohibited 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：法律禁止未成年人进入网吧。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填prohibit，表“禁止”，为动词，而这里应用过去分词形式与前面is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填prohibited。 48. Don’t rush to a c______, or you’ll regret sooner or later. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】conclusion##onclusion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：不要急着下结论，否则你早晚后悔。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词conclusion，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填conclusion。 49. The past few years have w______ great momentous changes in the village. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】witnessed##itnessed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在过去的几年里，这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填witness，表“见证”，为动词，且这里应用过去分词形式与前面have构成现在完成时。故填witnessed。 50. Mary was so a______ in her work that she didn’t realize that I was behind her. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】absorbed##bsorbed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：玛丽全神贯注地工作，没有意识到我在她身后。根据单词首字母以及句意可知，此处为形容词absorbed，作表语，意为“全神贯注的”符合句意。故填absorbed。 51. Only when our words are _________ (一致的) with our actions can we make a difference in our life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】consistent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有当我们言行一致时，我们的生活才会有所不同。分析句子可知，空处用形容词作表语，表示“一致的”，用consistent，be consistent with意思为：与……相符，与……一致。故填consistent。 52. Police have stressed that this is the most _________ (精确的，准确的) description of the killer to date. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】accurate 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：警方强调，这是迄今为止对凶手最准确的描述。根据汉语提示“精确的，准确的”可知，此处使用形容词accurate，作定语，修饰名词description。故填accurate。 53. They’re putting up new hotels in order to ______ (促进) tourism in the area. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】boost 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了促进该地区的旅游业，他们正在兴建新旅馆。表示“促进”使用动词boost，in order to do sth“为了做某事”，故空处使用动词原形，故填boost。 54. She is under ______ (合同) to a major American computer firm. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contract 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她与美国一家大型计算机公司签订了合同。根据汉语提示可知，表示“合同”应用名词contract，作宾语。故填contract。 55. We are supposed to strictly and voluntarily obey traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than ______ (抱怨) about traffic jams. （根据汉语意思单词拼写） 【答案】complaining 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该严格自觉地遵守交通规则，遇到红灯停下来，而不是抱怨交通堵塞。分析句子结构可知，complain在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语we构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。rather than连接两个并列结构，所以此句中要用complaining。故填complaining。 七、单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 56. What is the __________ (motivate) behind the sudden change? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】motivation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：突然改变背后的动机是什么。根据句子分析可知，此处应用名词“motivation动机”，且空前的谓语动词为is，故应用名词的单数形式，故填motivation。 57. I can’t stand his laziness and lack of ______(commit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】commitment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我无法忍受他的懒惰和缺乏承诺。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，commitment，表“承诺”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填commitment。 58. A poor diet and lack of exercise will ______ (ultimate) lead to illness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ultimately 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼最终会导致疾病。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式作状语，故填ultimately。 59. It took a lot of ______ (persuade) to get my mother to agree to the idea. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】persuasion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过多次劝说才让我妈妈同意这个想法。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，persuasion，表“说服，劝说”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填persuasion。 60. Then came the ____________ (disturb) news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 【答案】disturbing 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：接着传来了令人不安的消息——Dolly得了重病。此处要用形容词修饰名词news，disturbing“引起烦恼的”，形容事物。故填disturbing。 61. An experienced public speaker usually begins by arousing the audience’s ________ (curious). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个有经验的演说家通常首先要引起听众的好奇心。空处用于名词所有格audience’s之后，应用名词curiosity，表示“好奇心”，作动词arousing的宾语。故填curiosity。 62. Any student ______ (participate) in this activity will be given a prize. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】participating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有参加本次活动的学生都将获得奖品。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰student，participate与student构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填participating。 63. His mother was hard-working and ______ (ambition) for her four children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ambitious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的母亲为她的四个孩子辛勤工作，雄心勃勃。作表语，应用ambition的形容词ambitious，意为“雄心勃勃的”符合句意。故填ambitious。 64. I can hardly express how grateful I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of______(grateful). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】gratitude 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我很难表达我的感激之情，所以我会送他一份礼物以示感谢。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，gratitude，表“感激”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填gratitude。 65. Our school offers good equipment and you will be well ______ (equip) with knowledge and skills for your future job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】equipped 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校提供良好的设备，你将为你未来的工作做好知识和技能的准备。be equipped with“配有，装备有”，固定短语，故填equipped。 八、读后续写(满分25分) 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When the sun rose one summer morning, Mark, a high school student, was riding his bike on the way to school as usual. He admired the attractive sights along the road with colorful flowers on both sides, and fresh air full of pleasant smell. It seemed to be a great day. Mark was passing a park when he noticed an elderly woman walking about 100 meters ahead slowly falling down onto the ground. He felt his heart standing still with great concern. With nobody else around to turn to for help, Mark decided to ride over to see what was wrong with her for himself. As he approached the old lady, he found her lying on the ground and looking pale and weak. Judging from her untidy clothes and messy hair, she might have been out for more than one day. “Are you all right, Granny?” Shaking her arm, Mark asked anxiously. The old lady opened her eyes, a confused and lost expression on her face. She hesitated and then took a closer look. Immediately a big smile appeared on her face. Grasping Mark’s hand, she said with shining eyes, “John, there you are at last! My son, I’m hungry... hungry... Give me food...” She repeated, patting herself on the stomach. Not knowing what to do, Mark anxiously asked her, “Granny, where is your home? Can you tell me who your son is?” But the old lady didn’t respond, only mumbling (嘟囔), “I’m hungry. Give me food, John.” Obviously, she mistook Mark for her son. All of a sudden, Mark realized the old lady might be a patient with Alzheimer’s (痴呆症)disease because his own late grandpa used to suffer from such a condition. “She might have gone out without being noticed by her family. They must have been worried about her. Maybe they’re searching like crazy for her everywhere.” Mark thought to himself, “But she is so starved. I must give her some food before I get in touch with her family.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Looking around, Mark saw Billy’s Hamburgers nearby. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Just then the old lady reached into her pocket, a note dropping out. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Looking around, Mark saw Billy’s Hamburgers nearby. Mark walks into the burger bar and starts picking out some burgers. He picks out the most expensive burgers in the restaurant. Seeing the large quantity of expensive bread, the cashier asked puzzled, “Are these hamburgers for you to eat?” Mark replied, “ I didn’t eat it, I bought it for an old lady.” Then he told the whole story. At this time, the burger restaurant owner just heard what Mark said, and then told the cashier to give Mark’s hamburger free, saying, this is my little token, please help me convey. We should all try our best to help those in need. Mark thanked his boss for his kindness and brought the burger to the old man. Just then the old lady reached into her pocket, a note dropping out. Mark picked up the note which had the old man’s home address and the phone number of the old man’s family. After reading the note, Mark was overwhelmed with emotion, thinking that now the old man could be reunited with his family. After that, Mark made a phone call, and a short time later, the old man’s family came to pick him up and expressed their gratitude. Mark told the family that every kind person in this situation will lend a helping hand. I hope all you have to do is pay it forward. The old man’s family agreed with Mark and promised to pass on the kindness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在经过公园的路上看到一名老人跌倒后主动去帮忙救助，并最终通过一张小纸条帮助老人找到家属的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“环顾四周，马克看到比利汉堡店就在附近。”可知，第一段可描写马克进入汉堡店以后发生的事情。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，老太太把手伸进口袋，一张纸条掉了出来。”可知，第二段可描写纸条上的内容，以及事情最后的结果。 2.续写线索：见跌倒——去帮助——买汉堡——寻家人——表感谢——有感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①走进：walk into/step into ②挑选出：pick out/single out ③尽力：try one's best/do one's best 情绪类 ①迷惑的：puzzled/confused ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】Seeing the large quantity of expensive bread, the cashier asked puzzled, “Are these hamburgers for you to eat?” (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Mark picked up the note which had the old man’s home address and the phone number of the old man’s family.(运用了which引导的定语从句) 1-5 ACCBA 6-10 BABAC 11-15 ABABC 16-20 BCBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$