高二英语月考卷（外研版2019，选择性必修第三册Units 1-3）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中下学期第一次月考

绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围： Units 1-3（外研版2019选择性必修第三册）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is probably the man? A．A postman. B．A cashier. C．A waiter. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Here is your express mail from New York. Could you please sign your name here? W: Sure, thanks. I have waited for it for two days. It’s finally here. 2．How much is a student ticket? A．2 dollars. B．4 dollars. C．8 dollars. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Excuse me, how much is a ticket for the football match? M: It’s 8 dollars for adults. With a student card, you can get 50% off. How many tickets do you want to buy? W: Two student tickets, please. 3．What does the woman want to do? A．Buy another jacket. B．Return a jacket. C．Change a jacket. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I bought a size 10 of this jacket yesterday, but I just found size 8 fits me better. Could you hold this one for me? I’ll bring the other one back tomorrow. M: Sure. I will put this one away for you. 4．Which aspect of the film does the woman like? A．The plot. B．The music. C．The dialogue. 【答案】C 【原文】M:What do you think of the film, Allen? W: Well, the plot is not so good. M: But the music... W: the music is just so so. Anyway ,the dialogue is very humorous. 5．Why does the man feel upset? A．Someone said he was ugly. B．A guy didn’t like his clothes. C．He found his clothes ugly. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Sam, you look a bit upset. M: Yes. I saw someone in the supermarket today. He was dressed in the same clothes as me. The clothes looked so ugly. W: Oh, that’s interesting. M: But when I went up to him, I saw it was myself in the mirror. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What is the woman’s plan? A．To buy Tom a gift. B．To invite Tom to France. C．To give Tom a surprise. 7．What does the woman mean in the end? A．She needs the man’s suggestions. B．She will give something special to the man. C．She wants the man to keep the plan secret from Tom. 【答案】6．C 7．C 【原文】M: Hello, Sara. I know that you are planning something big for Tom’s birthday. Could you tell me what you have in your mind? W: I want to make his birthday a very special event. Tom has a sister living in France. And I’ll send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday. M: What an excellent plan! That’s something special. Can I tell Tom about it now? W: No. I don’t want to say anything until I’m sure she can come. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a restaurant. B．In a library. C．In a supermarket. 9．What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A．Visit Catherine. B．Go to a concert. C．Talk with the man. 10．Who is the woman going to call? A．Joan. B．Catherine. C．Mike. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．A 【原文】W: Hi, Mike. M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don’t often come here. W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today. M: The environment here is good and it’s relatively quiet. W: Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening? M: Yes, are you? W: Yeah, Catherine was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go? M: I think Joan might want to go. W: Oh, yes. She’s a great fan of classical music. I’ll give her a ring after lunch. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why will the woman be late for the dinner? A．She has to work overtime. B．She will meet an engineer. C．She is asked to repair a computer. 12．Who was invited besides the woman? A．Mary. B．Joseph. C．John. 13．What can we know about the woman? A．She knows the man well. B．She dials a wrong number. C．She works in an advertising company. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．B 【原文】W: Is that you, John? M: Yes, speaking. W: Tell Mary we’ll be late for dinner this evening. M: I’m afraid I don’t understand. W: Hasn’t Mary told you? She invited Joseph and me to dinner this evening. I said I would be at your house at six o’clock, but the boss wants me to do some extra work. I’ll have to stay at the office. I don’t know when I’ll finish. M: I don’t know what you’re talking about. W: That is John Smith, isn’t it? M: Yes, I’m John Smith. W: You are John Smith, the engineer, aren’t you? M: That’s right. W: You work for an advertising company, don’t you? M: No, I don’t. I’m John Smith, the network engineer in a computer company. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why did the man leave the steel plant? A．He was badly paid. B．He was often late. C．It was closed down. 15．How does the man feel about the working schedule? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Indifferent. 16．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Father and daughter. C．Interviewee and Interviewer. 【答案】14．C 15．A 16．C 【原文】W: Mr. Johnson, tell me a little about yourself. M: I am 32 years old. I worked at the steel plant until they shut it down last month and now I am looking for a job. W: Tell me about your experience at the steel plant. M: I was a team leader. I was always on time and my boss said I was one of his best workers. W: Very impressive! Mr. Johnson, what are the three words that can describe you best? M: I would say responsible, hard-working and smart. W: Very good. What makes you the best candidate for this job? M: Well, I am a very hard-working person and I am able to learn the tasks quickly. W: Okay then. Thank you for coming. Do you have any questions? M: Yes. I’m wondering what my schedule will be if I get the job? W: That’s a good question. You would work from nine until five, Monday through Friday. Is that OK for you? M: Yes. That would be great. W: Do you have any other questions? M: No. I believe that is all. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speech mainly about? A．How to improve English listening. B．How to find English material. C．How to understand teachers better. 18．How is the speaker’s English listening compared with before? A．Worse. B．Better. C．Unchanged. 19．How many ideas does the speaker offer? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 20．What is the speaker’s last advice? A．To watch English movies.B．To listen to the radio. C．To listen to pop songs. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C 【原文】        M: Hello, everyone. I’m glad to be here to share my opinions about English studying. I’m in my first year in university. Many of you said that listening in English is difficult. Well, it is true for me as well. I remember when I was learning English, I couldn’t understand what the teacher said. But now my listening has improved a lot. Here are some ideas that may help you improve your listening in English. First of all, don’t worry if you don’t understand every word you hear. You should concentrate only on the most important words. Secondly, try to get extra listening practice outside the classroom. For example, you can listen to the radio in English and watch English movies. Next, it’s a good idea to listen to presentations from the Internet. And it’s easy to download presentations onto your computer. Finally, it’s a good idea to listen to pop songs while you read the words at the same time. There are lots of Internet sites that give you the words of the most popular songs. These are all from me, and I hope they will help you. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Edinburgh Essay Award 2025 The contest is organized by the Scottish Arts Trust, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Topics and requirements The competition welcomes non-fiction submissions on a broad range of topics. We seek essays on cultural subjects such as art, literature, theatre, dance, music, and other artistic expressions-travel narratives (故事) about locations, individuals, and experiences; profiles that explore the impact of people — from community figures to international celebrities; discussions of environmental issues from household to global level; personal memoirs (回忆录) reflecting on transformative experiences; and examinations of philosophical, historical, or modern-day topics and more. Entries should be no more than 2,000 words. Photographs and graphic illustrations within the body of the essay are permitted. Footnotes are not permitted. Your work must be in English, original, and unpublished. Who may enter The competition is open to anyone aged 16 and over. Entry fees, prizes and bursaries (奖学金) Entry Fee: £10 per essay. You may enter as many times as you wish. Prizes · First Prize: £1,000 · Second Prize: £500 · Third Prize: £250 Our bursary scheme offers a limited number of bursaries for talented writers who are under-represented. These bursaries are open to applicants worldwide who face challenges such as low household income, discrimination of any kind, disability, full-time care-giving responsibilities, or other barriers. We require you to submit the work for the competition as part of your application. 21．Which of the following will result in disqualification? A．Submitting essays on cultural subjects. B．Handing in an entry with over 2,000 words. C．Offering an article about a famous people. D．Writing travel narratives about locations. 22．How much will a second-prize winner be rewarded with? A．£250. B．£500. C．£750. D．£1,000. 23．What can we know about the competition? A．It provides some scholarships. B．It welcomes science fiction. C．It is organized by a college in America. D．It is open to writers of all ages. 【答案】21．B 22．B 23．A 【文本解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年爱丁堡写作大赛的相关信息。 21．细节理解题。根据“Topics and requirements”部分中第二段“Entries should be no more than 2,000 words. (参赛作品不得超过2000个字。)”可知，参赛作品不得超过2000字，如果上交超过2000字的作品，将导致取消资格，故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据Entry fees, prizes and bursaries (奖学金)部分下的“· Second Prize: £500(二等奖：£500)”可知，二等奖获奖者将获得£500，故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Our bursary scheme offers a limited number of bursaries for talented writers who are under-represented. These bursaries are open to applicants worldwide who face challenges such as low household income, discrimination of any kind, disability, full-time care-giving responsibilities, or other barriers. (我们的奖学金计划为少数族裔的优秀作家提供有限的奖学金。这些奖学金面向全球的申请人，他们面临诸如低家庭收入、的歧视、残疾、全职护理责任或其他障碍等挑战。)”可知，比赛提供了一些奖学金。故选A。 B The notebook stared back at me. Yellowing paper and black-and-white photographs spilled out of its sides. In handwritten Spanish, the label on its cover read “Family History”. I opened it to the first page and began to read. “I’m not sure what it is that I’m about to write, but I’ve had this idea for a number of years…” This was clearly Grandpa’s handwriting. In his basement in the suburbs outside of London I read on in silence. Within the first few pages of the notebook, Grandpa had recounted our family’s history. What I held in my hands was an oral history, consisting of diaries, letters, and newspaper cuttings from Grandpa’s own youth, a treasure of research. I didn’t tell Grandpa what I’d found in his basement until one day he happened to see me there, with his notebook open on the desk. My face reddened. “I’ve been looking at your writing. It’s very interesting.” Out of my expectation, he broke into a wide smile, and his eyes welled up with tears. Then he began to tell me the family story, explaining the parts I didn’t understand. As both a grandson and a journalist, I asked questions that brought color to these histories. Why did my great-grandfather leave Iraq in such a hurry in the early 1900s? Why did he work as a traveling salesman in the remote Andes Mountains? Answers to these questions brought me a sense of excitement, sort of like unlocking a new world. Recently, I was traveling the country to discuss a book I wrote about my search across Argentina for traces of my great-grandfather. What I’ve realized by talking with others is that time and energy remain our biggest barriers to hearing our families’ stories. They are the identities we create in worlds foreign and familiar, remembered now but forever at risk of being forgotten. I feel lucky to have asked before it’s too late, before the keepers of the answers are gone. 24．What did the author find in his grandpa’s basement? A．A long lost history book. B．Hidden family treasures. C．Stories created by Grandpa. D．Records of family history. 25．How did Grandpa feel when he saw the author in the basement? A．Embarrassed and shy. B．Sad and then relieved. C．Emotional and pleased. D．Annoyed but then forgiving. 26．What may the finding have inspired the author to do? A．To become a better journalist. B．To investigate his family further. C．To do more international travel. D．To collect more dying folk stories. 27．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The barriers. B．People we talked with. C．The books we wrote. D．Our families’ stories. 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．B 27．D 【文本解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在爷爷的地下室里发现了一个记录家族历史的笔记本，这激发了他探寻家族历史的热情。同时，他庆幸在此时去探寻家族历史，因为很多人还健在，历史不会湮灭。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In handwritten Spanish, the label on its cover read “Family History”(封面上的标签用手写西班牙语写着“家族历史”。)”可知，作者在爷爷的地下室里发现了家族历史的记录。故选D。 25．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I didn’t tell Grandpa what I’d found in his basement until one day he happened to see me there, with his notebook open on the desk. My face reddened. “I’ve been looking at your writing. It’s very interesting.” Out of my expectation, he broke into a wide smile, and his eyes welled up with tears. Then he began to tell me the family story, explaining the parts I didn’t understand.(我没有告诉爷爷我在他地下室里发现了什么，直到有一天他碰巧看到我在那里，而他的笔记本正摊开在桌上。我的脸一下子红了。“我一直在看您写的东西，非常有趣。”出乎我的意料，他露出了灿烂的笑容，眼里泛起了泪光。然后，他开始给我讲家族的故事，解释那些我不明白的部分。)”可知，当爷爷发现作者在悄悄阅读他记录家族历史的笔记本时，他并没有生气，而是露出了笑容，眼里噙满了泪水。由此可推知，爷爷当时应该是激动的和高兴的。故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Recently, I was traveling the country to discuss a book I wrote about my search across Argentina for traces of my great-grandfather.(最近，我在全国各地巡回讨论我写的一本书，书中记录了我在阿根廷寻找曾祖父踪迹的经历。)”可知，作者曾在阿根廷探寻他的曾祖父的生活轨迹。由此可推知，阅读爷爷的笔记本后，作者进一步探寻了他的家族历史。故选B。 27．词句猜测题。根据上文“What I’ve realized by talking with others is that time and energy remain our biggest barriers to hearing our families’ stories.(通过与他人的交流，我意识到时间和精力仍是我们聆听家人故事的最大障碍。)”和划线词所在的句子“They are the identities we create in worlds foreign and familiar, remembered now but forever at risk of being forgotten.(它们是我们在陌生又熟悉的世界中塑造的身份，此刻虽被铭记，却永远面临着被遗忘的风险。）”可知，They指代上一句中的our families’ stories。故选D。 C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 28．What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A．Protecting cows from being attacked. B．Leading predators to the farm. C．Training cows to notice predators. D．Recognizing cows quickly. 29．What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A．Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B．The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C．A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D．More than twenty painted cows were killed. 30．What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A．Predators perceive the tricks. B．Predators get close to the cows. C．There is more than one predator. D．The farmers lack basic painting skills. 31．Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A．It is a widely recognized approach. B．It follows their traditional practice. C．It is easy and cheap to carry out. D．It has proved the most effective. 【答案】28．A 29．B 30．A 31．C 【文本解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为“i-cow”的简单方法，这种方法通过在奶牛的臀部上画眼睛来吓跑捕食者，如狮子和豹子，并展示了实验结果，证明这种方法有效减少了捕食者的攻击。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. (答案是你会得到一种吓跑捕食者的方法。这个简单的把戏被称为“i-cow”解决方案)”可知，这个解决方案是为了保护奶牛免受攻击。故选A项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. (在四年的时间里，研究人员发现，835头没有画上眼睛的奶牛中有15头被捕食者杀死，543头画上“xs”的奶牛中有4头死亡，但683头在臀部画上眼睛的奶牛中，每一头都还活着)”可知，在实验中，那些臀部上画着“眼睛”的奶牛活了下来。故选B项。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. (尽管取得了积极的结果，Jordan博士说，这种方法并不是一个可靠的解决方案。他说，如果农民在所有奶牛的背上都画上眼睛，捕食者可能最终会发现这些眼睛不是真的)”可知，捕食者察觉到这些把戏可能会导致该解决方案不起作用。故选A项。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” (“我认为农民们对此很满意，”Jordan博士说。“毕竟，他们所需要的只是一个颜料罐、画笔和一点艺术天赋。”)”可推知，Jordan博士认为农民会喜欢他的方法，是因为它操作简单，成本低廉。故选C项。 D The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world. Neurons are like small pieces of snow: they look the same from a distance but on further inspection it’s clear that no two are exactly alike. By contrast, each cell in an artificial neural network — the technology on which artificial intelligence (AI) is based — is identical, with only their connectivity varying. Despite the speed at which AI technology is advancing, their neural networks do not learn as accurately or quickly as the human brain. Researchers set out to study whether simulating (模拟) the brain by varying neural network cell properties could improve learning in AI. They found that the variability (可变量) in the cells improved their learning and reduced energy consumption. When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning. Dr. Dan Goodman said, “Evolution has given us incredible brain functions, most of which we are only just beginning to understand. Our research suggests that we can learn vital lessons from our own biology to make AI work better for us.” To carry out the study, the researchers focused on adjusting the “time constant” (时间常数) — that is, how quickly each cell decides what it wants to do based on what the cells connected to it are doing. After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings. Current AI systems are far from achieving the level of energy efficiency that the researchers find in biological systems. Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain. 32．What can be learned about neurons from paragraph 1? A．The neurons allow us to learn about the world. B．The human brain is made up of billions of neurons. C．The human brain is made to learn quickly by neurons. D．The neurons are like small pieces of snow in the shape. 33．What can be inferred about learning in AI? A．It is as effective as biological systems. B．It is more efficient than the human brain. C．It consumes less energy than the human brain. D．It performs best with the right amount of variability. 34．Why did researchers adjust the “time constant”? A．To simplify the complicated real-world tasks. B．To record the networks’ energy consumption. C．To help the network process slow and fast information. D．To enhance the networks’ performance in complex tasks. 35．What will the researchers focus on in the near future? A．The values of AI networks. B．The functions of human brains. C．The efficiency of AI networks. D．The evolution of human brains. 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．D 35．C 【文本解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员开始研究通过改变神经网络细胞特性来模拟大脑是否可以提高人工智能的学习能力。解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world.(人类的大脑由数十亿个被称为神经元的细胞组成，这些细胞通过庞大的“神经网络”连接起来，使我们能够了解世界)”可知，人类的大脑由数十亿个神经元组成。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据第二段“When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning.(当他们改变模拟网络中可变性的数量时，他们发现表现最好的网络与大脑中看到的可变性数量相匹配，这表明大脑可能已经进化到具有最佳学习能力的适当数量的可变性)”可知，在适当的可变性下，人工智能的学习表现得最好。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段“After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings.(在改变细胞的时间常数后，他们给网络分配了一些任务：对衣服和手写数字的图像进行分类，识别人类的手势，识别语音数字和命令。结果表明，通过允许网络结合慢速和快速信息，它能够更好地解决更复杂的现实环境中的任务)”可知，研究人员要调整“时间常数”是为了提高神经网络在复杂任务中的表现。故选D。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain.(接下来，他们将有兴趣研究如何减少这些网络的能量消耗，使人工智能网络更接近于像大脑一样高效地运行)”可知，研究人员接下来将关注如何降低这些网络的能量消耗，使 AI 网络更接近大脑的高效运行，即关注 AI 网络的效率，故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why sensitive kids will make the world a better place? Sensitive children are these special, observant people. They notice when you’re sad, and they ask why. They’re often old souls with big hearts who want to make other people happy. 36 Why? Because they’re supportive. 37 They believe in people and want to see them do well. They want to make the people they love happy. Sensitive people are often great listeners--they want to know people and understand what they’re thinking and feeling. They want to be there for you when you need them. 38 Sensitive kids typically have unbelievable imaginations. They’re dreamers. Their creativity shines through in all they do, and ideas just come to them. They show a great appreciation for the arts and they’re inspired by the beauty they find in the world. They notice that tiny little worms crawling on the sidewalk and the puffy (松软洁白的) clouds in the sky. Because they are unique. 39 They’re insightful and reflective-they like to take the lime to be alone and spend lime with their thoughts. They appreciate calm and quiet moments. Because they’re strategic. Psychologist Dr. Elaine Aron’s and author of The Highly Sensitive Child fays highly sensitive children are “Quick to grasp small and not so obvious changes and generally behave conscientiously (勤勉地)”. 40 A．Because they’re emotional. B．Because they are creative. C．They’re going to do big things in this world. D．They try to build up those around them, not tear them down. E．They want to celebrate with them if they’re happy and excited. F．Their attention to detail is impressive and they think things thoroughly. G．They can often bring another perspective to the table because they tend to think differently. 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．B 39．G 40．F 【文本解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么敏感的孩子让这个世界更美好。 36．根据前文“They’re often old souls with big hearts who want to make other people happy.(他们通常是胸怀宽广的想让别人快乐的成熟灵魂。)”以及标题“Why sensitive kids will make the world a better place?(为什么敏感的孩子会让世界变得更美好？)”可知，这里仍然指的是敏感的孩子带来的好的影响。选项C“They’re going to do big things in this world.(他们要在这世上做大事)”符合上文段意以及文章内容，故选C。 37．根据下文“They believe in people and want to see them do well.(他们相信人们，希望看到他们一切都好。)”再根据段首句“Because they’re supportive(他们会支持他人)”可知，这里指的应该是敏感的孩子会团结他人。选项D“They try to build up those around them, not tear them down.(他们试图团结周围的人，而不是摧毁他们。)”符合上下文，故选D。 38．本空为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Their creativity shines through in all they do, and ideas just come to them.(他们的创造性在他们所做的一切中闪耀，想法就这么来了。)”可知，本段主要讲的是敏感的孩子具有创造性。选项B“Because they are creative.(他们具有创造性)”正是此意，故选B。 39．根据段首句“Because they are unique.(他们是独特的)”可知， 本段主要讲的是敏感的孩子很独特。选项G“They can often bring another perspective to the table because they tend to think differently. (他们经常能带来另一种观点，因为他们倾向于以不同的方式思考。)”中的think differently正对应了unique。故选G。 40．根据上文“Psychologist Dr. Elaine Aron’s and author of The Highly Sensitive Child fays highly sensitive children are “Quick to grasp small and not so obvious changes and generally behave conscientiously(心理学家伊莱恩·阿伦博士是《高敏感儿童》一书的作者，他认为高敏感儿童“能迅速抓住微小的、不太明显的变化，通常表现得很认真。)”可知，敏感的孩子善于捕捉细节的变化。而这正和选项F“Their attention to detail is impressive and they think things thoroughly.(他们对细节的关注令人印象深刻，他们对事情思考透彻。)”中的“their attention to detail is impressive”相对应。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alice is a student who came to my class last year. Though she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit and 41 , with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life. For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road. But she is never 42 for class. Alice is very passionate about learning English. She often says, “Don’t 43 me as a 60-year-old. I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything 44 . You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong sense of 45 to make sure what I teach makes sense to her. Alice came to me with very 46 English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English 47 on a daily basis. I 48 her homework before every class. Her homework is usually not what I 49 for the class, rather it is something that she 50 to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our 51 class. I am always 52 by the quality of her work. I feel fortunate to have a student like Alice. She has 53 me so much. Our 54 is a great learning experience for both of us. Though I have no idea why she learns English, I hope I can help her 55 her dream, whatever it is. 41．A．strong B．generous C．cheerful D．proud 42．A．anxious B．late C．ready D．meant 43．A．describe B．decorate C．mistake D．treat 44．A．eagerly B．properly C．literally D．carefully 45．A．humor B．responsibility C．achievement D．belonging 46．A．special B．effective C．basic D．complicated 47．A．in use B．in motion C．in order D．in place 48．A．copy B．mention C．check D．prepare 49．A．adjusted B．assigned C．saved D．collected 50．A．hesitates B．agrees C．promises D．volunteers 51．A．lively B．typical C．previous D．flexible 52．A．impressed B．annoyed C．confused D．encouraged 53．A．taught B．entertained C．guaranteed D．permitted 54．A．appointment B．interaction C．arrangement D．cooperation 55．A．play safe with B．try out for C．let go of D．get closer to 【答案】 41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．A 54．B 55．D 【文本解析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了一位60岁的学生Alice对学习英语的热情和努力。尽管她需要花费3个小时来上课，但她从不迟到。Alice在英语学习中表现出色，总是努力地完成作业，并展示出令人惊叹的进步。作者对Alice的努力和热情表示钦佩，并希望能帮助她实现自己的梦想。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Alice已经60岁了，但她看起来很健康，很开朗，笑容灿烂，态度热情。A. strong强壮的；B. generous慷慨的；C. cheerful开朗的，高兴的；D. proud自豪的。根据后文“with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude”可知，Alice是爱笑开朗的人。故选C。 42．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：但她上课从不迟到。A. anxious焦虑的；B. late晚的，迟到的；C. ready准备好的；D. meant打算。结合上文“For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road.”以及本句中的“But”可知，虽然Alice每天要花三个小时来上课，但是她从不迟到，but连接前后两句构成转折关系。故选B。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：别把我当作60岁的人。A. describe描述；B. decorate装饰；C. mistake弄错；D. treat对待。根据后文“me as a 60-year-old.”以及后文的“I am just a new beginner”可知，Alice跟作者说，不要将将当作60岁的人，而是把自己当作一个初学者。treat as“把……当作，看作”。故选D。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只是一个初学者，渴望学习任何东西。A. eagerly渴望地；B. properly合适的；C. literally照字面地/确实地；D. carefully仔细地。根据上文“Alice is very passionate about learning English.”可知，Alice对学英语很有激情，渴望学习。故选A。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我有一种强烈的责任感，要确保我教的东西对她有意义。A. humor幽默；B. responsibility责任；C. achievement成就；D. belonging所有物。根据后文“to make sure what I teach makes sense to her.”可知，作者有一种对Alice的责任感，想要确保教的东西对她有意义。故选B。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alice来找我的时候英语很基础，但她学得很快，因为她总是在日常生活中使用英语。A. special特别的；B. effective有效的；C. basic基本的；D. complicated复杂的。结合后文“English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner”可推知，Alice来的时候英语技能很基础，后来才慢慢学到了其他的知识的。故选C。 47．考查介词短语辨析。句意：Alice来找我的时候英语很基础，但她学得很快，因为她总是在日常生活中使用英语。A. in use在使用中；B. in motion在运转中；C. in order整齐；D. in place在适当的位置。结合后文“on a daily basis”可推知，Alice会在日常生活中使用英语。故选A。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每节课前我都会检查她的家庭作业。A. copy复制；B. mention提到；C. check检查；D. prepare准备。结合后文宾语“her homework”可知，作者每节课前是检查她的家庭作业。故选C。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的家庭作业通常不是我布置的，而是她自愿整理的。A. adjusted调整；B. assigned布置，分配；C. saved拯救；D. collected收集。结合上文“homework is usually not what I”可知，此处是指作者在课堂上布置家庭作业。故选B。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hesitates犹豫；B. agrees同意；C. promises承诺；D. volunteers志愿。根据上文“Her homework is usually not what I”可知，Alice的作业不是作者在课堂上布置的，是她自己自愿去做的。故选D。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她用从我们上节课学到的重要单词和短语造句。A. lively活泼的；B. typical典型的；C. previous早先的，以前的；D. flexible灵活的。结合上文“her homework before every class.”可知，作业是每节课之前检查的，说明使用的是上节课学到的单词短语。故选C。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的作业质量总是给我留下深刻印象。A. impressed印象深刻的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. confused困惑的；D. encouraged受到鼓舞的。结合上文“Her homework is usually not what I  __49___  for the class, rather it is something that she ___50___  to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our  ___51___  class.”可知，Alice自发地写作业，而且作业质量还很高，所以她的家庭作业给作者留下了深刻印象。故选A。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她教会了我很多。A. taught教授；B. entertained娱乐；C. guaranteed保证；D. permitted允许。根据后文“is a great learning experience for both of us.”可知，Alice也教会了作者很多事情。故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的互动对我们俩来说都是一次很好的学习经历。A. appointment任命；预约B. interaction互动；C. arrangement安排；D. cooperation合作。根据后文“is a great learning experience for both of us.”可知，作者和Alice是互相学习，是一种互动。故选B。 55．考查短语辨析。句意：虽然我不知道她为什么学英语，但我希望我能帮助她接近她的梦想，无论它是什么。A. play safe with不冒险；B. try out for竞争；C. let go of放手；D. get closer to接近，靠近。结合后文“her dream”可知，作者希望能够帮助她接近梦想，用get closer to。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The Milky Way formed around 13.5 billion years ago, but it’s not possible to travel back in time to see exactly how it 56 (happen). Studies of the Galaxy’ s (星系) ancient stars offer some clues, 57 do simulations (模拟), but the observable light from our home galaxy was emitted (发出) too recently 58 (enable) astronomers to examine its beginnings directly. One way around this problem is to study other galaxies that resemble the Milky Way. Mowla used observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to investigate 59 distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass of the Milky Way 60 (short) after its formation in the early Universe. When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billions of years ago, because it takes time 61 light to travel across space to their telescopes. 62 (earth) separation from such far-away galaxies, and thus how long ago their light was emitted, can be measured, thanks to the constant 63 (expand) of the Universe. As light journeys across the vastness of space, its wavelength is stretched along with the expanding fabric of space, 64 (make) it seem redder than it was when it was emitted. And the change in the wavelength 65 (determine) by the distance the light travels and the age of the Universe at the time of emission. 【答案】 56．happened 57．as 58．to enable 59．a 60．shortly 61．for 62．Earth’s 63．expansion 64．making 65．is determined 【文本解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过研究遥远星系来探索银河系形成的方法。 56．考查动词。句意：银河系大约形成于135亿年前，但我们无法穿越时空回到过去，亲眼目睹这一过程究竟是如何发生的。空处为从句谓语动词，此处要描写的是银河系如何发生，描写的是过去的事，且根据前文时态“formed around 13.5 billion years ago”可知，空处需使用一般过去时。故填happened。 57．考查连词。句意：对银河系古老恒星的研究提供了一些线索，计算机模拟也提供了帮助，但我们所在银河系发出的可观察光线太过“年轻”，无法让天文学家直接探究它的起源。此处说两种方法为研究银河系提供了线索，一是“Studies of the Galaxy’s ancient stars offer some clues”即对恒星的研究提供了线索。二是 “do simulations”即模拟也提供了线索。空处需要一个连词，引出与前面相同的情况，用as引导出比较状语从句，从句中省略了与主句相同的动词短语，即offer some clues，而用do代替，并将do放在从句主语simulations之前，构成部分倒装。故填as。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：对银河系古老恒星的研究提供了一些线索，计算机模拟也提供了帮助，但我们所在银河系发出的可观察到的光线太过“年轻”，无法让天文学家直接探究它的起源。从but到句末的并列分句中，已有谓语动词was emitted，因此空处应填非谓语动词。这里要说的是，空处填入to enable构成不定式表结果，与前文的too构成“too…to…”结构。故填to enable。 59．考查冠词。句意：莫拉利用詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）的观测数据，对一个遥远星系展开研究，该星系的质量与早期宇宙中银河系形成后不久的预期质量相符。空格后的galaxy为可数名词，空处需填入不定冠词表泛指。且distant的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。 60．考查副词。句意：莫拉利用詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜（JWST）的观测数据，对一个遥远星系展开研究，该星系的质量与早期宇宙中银河系形成后不久的预期质量相符。空处需要一个副词来修饰时间状语“after its formation”，表示“在银河系形成后不久”。故填 shortly。 61．考查介词。句意： 当天文学家观测遥远的星系时，他们看到的是数十亿年前发出的光，因为光穿越太空到达他们的望远镜需要时间。because到句末的原因状语从句为固定句型it takes time for…to do sth.。故填 for。 62．考查名词所有格。句意：由于宇宙在不断膨胀，地球与这些遥远星系的距离，以及它们的光发出的时间都可以被测量出来。本句中的separation与earth之间是所属关系，空处需要用名词所有格。故填Earth’s。 63．考查名词。句意：由于宇宙在不断膨胀，地球与这些遥远星系的距离，以及它们的光发出的时间都可以被测量出来。空处需要一个名词作thanks to的宾语，同时形容词constant修饰该名词。expand为动词，其名词形式为expansion。故填expansion。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：当光穿越浩瀚的太空时，其波长会随着不断膨胀的空间结构而被拉伸，使其看起来比发出时更红。本句主句中已有谓语动词is stretched，且空格前无连词，表明空处应填入非谓语动词。主句内容为make的逻辑主语，二者之间为主动关系，因此空处应填入现在分词。故填making。 65．考查被动语态和时态。句意：而且，波长的变化是由光传播的距离以及光发射时宇宙的年龄所决定的。句子主语the change in the wavelength与所给动词determine之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态。且句子所描述的情况是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故填is determined。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的美国留学生朋友Frank很喜欢中国文学。请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起去观看下周六将上演的话剧《雷雨》（Thunderstorm）。内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.话剧表演的时间、地点以及注意事项； 3.期待回复。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Frank, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【范文】 Dear Frank, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m writing to invite you to watch the play “Thunderstorm” next Saturday. It’s a classic Chinese literature adaptation that I think you’d love, given your interest in Chinese culture. The performance will be at 7:30 pm. at the City Theatre. Please arrive early as seating can get tight. Also, remember to turn off your phone during the show out of respect for the actors and audience. What is also important is that everybody should keep silent all the time. I’m really looking forward to your company. Please let me know if you can make it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本片书面表达是一篇邀请信，要求考生给留学生朋友Frank写一封信，邀请他一起去观看下周六将上演的话剧《雷雨》。 【详解】1.词汇积累 写信：write→ drop sb. a line 鉴于：given→ considering 重要的：important→significant 期待：look forward to→ anticipate 2.句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：I’m writing to invite you to watch the play “Thunderstorm” next Saturday. 拓展句：I am delighted to extend an invitation for you to join me in experiencing the renowned play “Thunderstorm” next Saturday. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s a classic Chinese literature adaptation that I think you’d love, given your interest in Chinese culture.（使用关系代词that引导的定语从句） [高分句型2] What is also important is that everybody should keep silent all the time.（使用了连接代词what引导的主语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lin Fei was a diligent (勤勉的) student, always burying his head in books and earning top grades. His teachers admired his dedication and thirst for knowledge. When he graduated and entered a famous university, he was determined to continue his academic excellence and aimed to secure a scholarship. At university, Lin Fei encountered a challenging course titled “Advanced Physics”, taught by the strict and respected Professor Wang. On the first day of class, Professor Wang warned the students about the course’s difficulty, causing many to drop the course immediately. Lin Fei, however, wasn’t scared; he believed in his ability to tackle any subject. Professor Wang was known for his high expectations and his commitment to pushing students to achieve their best. He often said in class, “You alone must set your own standard of excellence,” a sentence that puzzled Lin Fei, as he had always found school to be easy. The first test arrived, and Lin Fei, overconfident in his abilities, did not prepare as diligently as he should have. He even spent the night before the test watching a movie with friends. The next day, he was shocked to receive a 75. C+, on his test paper. Physics was his strongest subject, and he had never received such a low grade before. He approached Professor Wang, who listened to his arguments and explained that grades were a reflection of effort and understanding. Realizing that his scholarship was now in jeopardy (处于危险境地), Lin Fei decided to turn things around. He understood that this was his last chance to improve his course grade. He began to study with a newfound determination, spending hours each day understanding the complex concepts that had previously eluded (把……难倒) him. He attended every lecture, completed all assignments diligently, and spent additional hours in the library, going over textbooks and solving problems. As the next test approached, Lin Fei felt very calm. He knew he had tried his best. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The day after the test, he was excited to find that he had earned an A． ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by this achievement, Lin Fei redoubled his efforts in other courses as well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The day after the test, he was excited to find that he had earned an A. He rushed to Professor Wang’s office, eager to share the news. Professor Wang, who seemed to be expecting him, said, “If I had given you the grade you expected initially, you wouldn’t have worked as hard as you did.” Lin Fei was speechless, realizing the wisdom behind Professor Wang’s approach. This experience taught him a valuable lesson about the importance of perseverance and the role of challenges in promoting growth. Encouraged by this achievement, Lin Fei redoubled his efforts in other courses as well. He became more active in class discussions, often sharing his insights and seeking clarification on challenging topics. His classmates, too, noticed the change and began to approach him for help with their studies. Lin Fei, now a role model of academic excellence, realized that setting one’s own standard of excellence meant always trying to do better than before, regardless of past accomplishments. As the term drew to a close, he was happily awarded the scholarship he had always dreamed of. 【文本解析】本文以人物的学习经历为线索展开，讲述了林非是一个勤奋的学生，进入大学后选修了王教授的高等物理课程。起初因过度自信，他成绩不佳，但意识到奖学金的危机后，他加倍努力，最终取得了优异成绩。王教授的教导让他明白了坚持不懈和设定更高标准的重要性。林非不仅在其他课程上表现出色，还成为同学们的榜样，最终获得了梦寐以求的奖学金。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“考试后的第二天，他兴奋地发现自己得了A”可知，第一段可描写林非和王教授分享这一消息，王教授教导他要不懈努力，林非由此明白了坚持的重要性。 ②由第二段首句内容“受到这一成绩的鼓舞，林非在其他课程上也加倍努力”可知，第二段可描写林非在课堂上积极表现，成为其他同学的榜样，他明白不论过去的成就如何，要努力追求卓越，他最终获得奖学金。 2. 续写线索：林非获得A——林非分享消息——王教授的教导——林非加倍努力——林非积极表现——林非的感悟和收获 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①冲，奔：rush/run/dash ②意识到：realize/recognize ③寻求：seek/look for/search for ④注意到：notice/observe 情绪类 ①急切的：eager/anxious/impatient ②开心地：happily/merrily/cheerfully 【点睛】[高分句型1] Lin Fei, now a role model of academic excellence, realized that setting one’s own standard of excellence meant always trying to do better than before, regardless of past accomplishments. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] As the term drew to a close, he was happily awarded the scholarship he had always dreamed of. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句、省略关系代词that/which的限制性定语从句修饰先行词scholarship) 16 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围： Units 1-3（外研版2019选择性必修第三册）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is probably the man? A．A postman. B．A cashier. C．A waiter. 2．How much is a student ticket? A．2 dollars. B．4 dollars. C．8 dollars. 3．What does the woman want to do? A．Buy another jacket. B．Return a jacket. C．Change a jacket. 4．Which aspect of the film does the woman like? A．The plot. B．The music. C．The dialogue. 5．Why does the man feel upset? A．Someone said he was ugly. B．A guy didn’t like his clothes. C．He found his clothes ugly. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What is the woman’s plan? A．To buy Tom a gift. B．To invite Tom to France. C．To give Tom a surprise. 7．What does the woman mean in the end? A．She needs the man’s suggestions. B．She will give something special to the man. C．She wants the man to keep the plan secret from Tom. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a restaurant. B．In a library. C．In a supermarket. 9．What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A．Visit Catherine. B．Go to a concert. C．Talk with the man. 10．Who is the woman going to call? A．Joan. B．Catherine. C．Mike. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why will the woman be late for the dinner? A．She has to work overtime. B．She will meet an engineer. C．She is asked to repair a computer. 12．Who was invited besides the woman? A．Mary. B．Joseph. C．John. 13．What can we know about the woman? A．She knows the man well. B．She dials a wrong number. C．She works in an advertising company. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why did the man leave the steel plant? A．He was badly paid. B．He was often late. C．It was closed down. 15．How does the man feel about the working schedule? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Indifferent. 16．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Father and daughter. C．Interviewee and Interviewer. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speech mainly about? A．How to improve English listening. B．How to find English material. C．How to understand teachers better. 18．How is the speaker’s English listening compared with before? A．Worse. B．Better. C．Unchanged. 19．How many ideas does the speaker offer? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 20．What is the speaker’s last advice? A．To watch English movies.B．To listen to the radio. C．To listen to pop songs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Edinburgh Essay Award 2025 The contest is organized by the Scottish Arts Trust, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Topics and requirements The competition welcomes non-fiction submissions on a broad range of topics. We seek essays on cultural subjects such as art, literature, theatre, dance, music, and other artistic expressions-travel narratives (故事) about locations, individuals, and experiences; profiles that explore the impact of people — from community figures to international celebrities; discussions of environmental issues from household to global level; personal memoirs (回忆录) reflecting on transformative experiences; and examinations of philosophical, historical, ormodern-day topics and more. Entries should be no more than 2,000 words. Photographs and graphic illustrations within the body of the essay are permitted. Footnotes are not permitted. Your work must be in English, original, and unpublished. Who may enter The competition is open to anyone aged 16 and over. Entry fees, prizes and bursaries (奖学金) Entry Fee: £10 per essay. You may enter as many times as you wish. Prizes · First Prize: £1,000 · Second Prize: £500 · Third Prize: £250 Our bursary scheme offers a limited number of bursaries for talented writers who are under-represented. These bursaries are open to applicants worldwide who face challenges such as low household income, discrimination of any kind, disability, full-time caregiving responsibilities, or other barriers. We require you to submit the work for the competition as part of your application. 21．Which of the following will result in disqualification? A．Submitting essays on cultural subjects. B．Handing in an entry with over 2,000 words. C．Offering an article about a famous people. D．Writing travel narratives about locations. 22．How much will a second-prize winner be rewarded with? A．£250. B．£500. C．£750. D．£1,000. 23．What can we know about the competition? A．It provides some scholarships. B．It welcomes science fiction. C．It is organized by a college in America. D．It is open to writers of all ages. B The notebook stared back at me. Yellowing paper and black-and-white photographs spilled out of its sides. In handwritten Spanish, the label on its cover read “Family History”. I opened it to the first page and began to read. “I’m not sure what it is that I’m about to write, but I’ve had this idea for a number of years…” This was clearly Grandpa’s handwriting. In his basement in the suburbs outside of London I read on in silence. Within the first few pages of the notebook, Grandpa had recounted our family’s history. What I held in my hands was an oral history, consisting of diaries, letters, and newspaper cuttings from Grandpa’s own youth, a treasure of research. I didn’t tell Grandpa what I’d found in his basement until one day he happened to see me there, with his notebook open on the desk. My face reddened. “I’ve been looking at your writing. It’s very interesting.” Out of my expectation, he broke into a wide smile, and his eyes welled up with tears. Then he began to tell me the family story, explaining the parts I didn’t understand. As both a grandson and a journalist, I asked questions that brought color to these histories. Why did my great-grandfather leave Iraq in such a hurry in the early 1900s? Why did he work as a traveling salesman in the remote Andes Mountains? Answers to these questions brought me a sense of excitement, sort of like unlocking a new world. Recently, I was traveling the country to discuss a book I wrote about my search across Argentina for traces of my great-grandfather. What I’ve realized by talking with others is that time and energy remain our biggest barriers to hearing our families’ stories. They are the identities we create in worlds foreign and familiar, remembered now but forever at risk of being forgotten. I feel lucky to have asked before it’s too late, before the keepers of the answers are gone. 24．What did the author find in his grandpa’s basement? A．A long lost history book. B．Hidden family treasures. C．Stories created by Grandpa. D．Records of family history. 25．How did Grandpa feel when he saw the author in the basement? A．Embarrassed and shy. B．Sad and then relieved. C．Emotional and pleased. D．Annoyed but then forgiving. 26．What may the finding have inspired the author to do? A．To become a better journalist. B．To investigate his family further. C．To do more international travel. D．To collect more dying folk stories. 27．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The barriers. B．People we talked with. C．The books we wrote. D．Our families’ stories. C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 28．What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A．Protecting cows from being attacked. B．Leading predators to the farm. C．Training cows to notice predators. D．Recognizing cows quickly. 29．What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A．Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B．The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C．A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D．More than twenty painted cows were killed. 30．What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A．Predators perceive the tricks. B．Predators get close to the cows. C．There is more than one predator. D．The farmers lack basic painting skills. 31．Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A．It is a widely recognized approach. B．It follows their traditional practice. C．It is easy and cheap to carry out. D．It has proved the most effective. D The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world. Neurons are like small pieces of snow: they look the same from a distance but on further inspection it’s clear that no two are exactly alike. By contrast, each cell in an artificial neural network — the technology on which artificial intelligence (AI) is based — is identical, with only their connectivity varying. Despite the speed at which AI technology is advancing, their neural networks do not learn as accurately or quickly as the human brain. Researchers set out to study whether simulating (模拟) the brain by varying neural network cell properties could improve learning in AI. They found that the variability (可变量) in the cells improved their learning and reduced energy consumption. When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning. Dr. Dan Goodman said, “Evolution has given us incredible brain functions, most of which we are only just beginning to understand. Our research suggests that we can learn vital lessons from our own biology to make AI work better for us.” To carry out the study, the researchers focused on adjusting the “time constant” (时间常数) — that is, how quickly each cell decides what it wants to do based on what the cells connected to it are doing. After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings. Current AI systems are far from achieving the level of energy efficiency that the researchers find in biological systems. Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain. 32．What can be learned about neurons from paragraph 1? A．The neurons allow us to learn about the world. B．The human brain is made up of billions of neurons. C．The human brain is made to learn quickly by neurons. D．The neurons are like small pieces of snow in the shape. 33．What can be inferred about learning in AI? A．It is as effective as biological systems. B．It is more efficient than the human brain. C．It consumes less energy than the human brain. D．It performs best with the right amount of variability. 34．Why did researchers adjust the “time constant”? A．To simplify the complicated real-world tasks. B．To record the networks’ energy consumption. C．To help the network process slow and fast information. D．To enhance the networks’ performance in complex tasks. 35．What will the researchers focus on in the near future? A．The values of AI networks. B．The functions of human brains. C．The efficiency of AI networks. D．The evolution of human brains. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why sensitive kids will make the world a better place? Sensitive children are these special, observant people. They notice when you’re sad, and they ask why. They’re often old souls with big hearts who want to make other people happy. 36 Why? Because they’re supportive. 37 They believe in people and want to see them do well. They want to make the people they love happy. Sensitive people are often great listeners ——they want to know people and understand what they’re thinking and feeling. They want to be there for you when you need them. 38 Sensitive kids typically have unbelievable imaginations. They’re dreamers. Their creativity shines through in all they do, and ideas just come to them. They show a great appreciation for the arts and they’re inspired by the beauty they find in the world. They notice that tiny little worms crawling on the sidewalk and the puffy (松软洁白的) clouds in the sky. Because they are unique. 39 They’re insightful and reflective-they like to take the lime to be alone and spend lime with their thoughts. They appreciate calm and quiet moments. Because they’re strategic. Psychologist Dr. Elaine Aron’s and author of The Highly Sensitive Child fays highly sensitive children are “Quick to grasp small and not so obvious changes and generally behave conscientiously (勤勉地)”. 40 A．Because they’re emotional. B．Because they are creative. C．They’re going to do big things in this world. D．They try to build up those around them, not tear them down. E．They want to celebrate with them if they’re happy and excited. F．Their attention to detail is impressive and they think things thoroughly. G．They can often bring another perspective to the table because they tend to think differently. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alice is a student who came to my class last year. Though she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit and 41 , with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life. For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road. But she is never 42 for class. Alice is very passionate about learning English. She often says, “Don’t 43 me as a 60-year-old. I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything 44 . You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong sense of 45 to make sure what I teach makes sense to her. Alice came to me with very 46 English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English 47 on a daily basis. I 48 her homework before every class. Her homework is usually not what I 49 for the class, rather it is something that she 50 to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our 51 class. I am always 52 by the quality of her work. I feel fortunate to have a student like Alice. She has 53 me so much. Our 54 is a great learning experience for both of us. Though I have no idea why she learns English, I hope I can help her 55 her dream, whatever it is. 41．A．strong B．generous C．cheerful D．proud 42．A．anxious B．late C．ready D．meant 43．A．describe B．decorate C．mistake D．treat 44．A．eagerly B．properly C．literally D．carefully 45．A．humor B．responsibility C．achievement D．belonging 46．A．special B．effective C．basic D．complicated 47．A．in use B．in motion C．in order D．in place 48．A．copy B．mention C．check D．prepare 49．A．adjusted B．assigned C．saved D．collected 50．A．hesitates B．agrees C．promises D．volunteers 51．A．lively B．typical C．previous D．flexible 52．A．impressed B．annoyed C．confused D．encouraged 53．A．taught B．entertained C．guaranteed D．permitted 54．A．appointment B．interaction C．arrangement D．cooperation 55．A．play safe with B．try out for C．let go of D．get closer to 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The Milky Way formed around 13.5 billion years ago, but it’s not possible to travel back in time to see exactly how it 56 (happen). Studies of the Galaxy’ s (星系) ancient stars offer some clues, 57 do simulations (模拟), but the observable light from our home galaxy was emitted (发出) too recently 58 (enable) astronomers to examine its beginnings directly. One way around this problem is to study other galaxies that resemble the Milky Way. Mowla used observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to investigate 59 distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass of the Milky Way 60 (short) after its formation in the early Universe. When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billions of years ago, because it takes time 61 light to travel across space to their telescopes. 62 (earth) separation from such far-away galaxies, and thus how long ago their light was emitted, can be measured, thanks to the constant 63 (expand) of the Universe. As light journeys across the vastness of space, its wavelength is stretched along with the expanding fabric of space, 64 (make) it seem redder than it was when it was emitted. And the change in the wavelength 65 (determine) by the distance the light travels and the age of the Universe at the time of emission. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的美国留学生朋友Frank很喜欢中国文学。请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起去观看下周六将上演的话剧《雷雨》（Thunderstorm）。内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.话剧表演的时间、地点以及注意事项； 3.期待回复。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Frank, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lin Fei was a diligent (勤勉的) student, always burying his head in books and earning top grades. His teachers admired his dedication and thirst for knowledge. When he graduated and entered a famous university, he was determined to continue his academic excellence and aimed to secure a scholarship. At university, Lin Fei encountered a challenging course titled “Advanced Physics”, taught by the strict and respected Professor Wang. On the first day of class, Professor Wang warned the students about the course’s difficulty, causing many to drop the course immediately. Lin Fei, however, wasn’t scared; he believed in his ability to tackle any subject. Professor Wang was known for his high expectations and his commitment to pushing students to achieve their best. He often said in class, “You alone must set your own standard of excellence,” a sentence that puzzled Lin Fei, as he had always found school to be easy. The first test arrived, and Lin Fei, overconfident in his abilities, did not prepare as diligently as he should have. He even spent the night before the test watching a movie with friends. The next day, he was shocked to receive a 75. C+, on his test paper. Physics was his strongest subject, and he had never received such a low grade before. He approached Professor Wang, who listened to his arguments and explained that grades were a reflection of effort and understanding. Realizing that his scholarship was now in jeopardy (处于危险境地), Lin Fei decided to turn things around. He understood that this was his last chance to improve his course grade. He began to study with a newfound determination, spending hours each day understanding the complex concepts that had previously eluded (把……难倒) him. He attended every lecture, completed all assignments diligently, and spent additional hours in the library, going over textbooks and solving problems. As the next test approached, Lin Fei felt very calm. He knew he had tried his best. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The day after the test, he was excited to find that he had earned an A． ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by this achievement, Lin Fei redoubled his efforts in other courses as well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考卷 英语·参考答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A B C C C C C A B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A B B C A C A B B C 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 B B A D C B D A B A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 C B D D C 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36 37 38 39 40 C D B G F 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 C B D A B C A C B D 题号 51 52 53 54 55 答案 C A A B D 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56．happened 57．as 58．to enable 59．a 60．shortly 61．for 62．Earth’s 63．expansion 64．making 65．is determined 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 (满分15分) Dear Frank, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m writing to invite you to watch the play “Thunderstorm” next Saturday. It’s a classic Chinese literature adaptation that I think you’d love, given your interest in Chinese culture. The performance will be at 7:30 pm. at the City Theatre. Please arrive early as seating can get tight. Also, remember to turn off your phone during the show out of respect for the actors and audience. What is also important is that everybody should keep silent all the time. I’m really looking forward to your company. Please let me know if you can make it. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) One possible version: The day after the test, he was excited to find that he had earned an A. He rushed to Professor Wang’s office, eager to share the news. Professor Wang, who seemed to be expecting him, said, “If I had given you the grade you expected initially, you wouldn’t have worked as hard as you did.” Lin Fei was speechless, realizing the wisdom behind Professor Wang’s approach. This experience taught him a valuable lesson about the importance of perseverance and the role of challenges in promoting growth. Encouraged by this achievement, Lin Fei redoubled his efforts in other courses as well. He became more active in class discussions, often sharing his insights and seeking clarification on challenging topics. His classmates, too, noticed the change and began to approach him for help with their studies. Lin Fei, now a role model of academic excellence, realized that setting one’s own standard of excellence meant always trying to do better than before, regardless of past accomplishments. As the term drew to a close, he was happily awarded the scholarship he had always dreamed of. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$听力考试正式开始。Here is your express mail from new york. Could you please sign your name here? sure. thanks. I have waited for IT for two days. It's finally here. Listen to the next question. Excuse me, how much is a ticket for the football match? Is eight dollars for adults. With a student card, you can get fifty percent off. How many tickets do you want to buy? Two student tickets, please. Listen to the next question. I bought a size ten of this jacket yesterday, but I just found size eight fits me Better. Could you hold this one for me? I'll bring the other one back tomorrow. sure. I will put this one away for you. Listen to the next question. What do you think of the film? Allen. well, the plot is not so good. but the music. the music is just so, so, anyway, the dialogue is very humorous. Listen to the next question. Sam, you look a bit upset. Yes, I saw someone in the supermarket today. He was dressed in the same clothes as me. The clothes looked so ugly. Oh, that's interesting. But when I went up to him, I thought was myself in the mirror. Listen to the next question. Hello, Sarah, I know that you are planning something big for tom's birthday. Could you tell me what you have in your mind? I want to make his birthday a very special event. Tom has a sister living in france, and i'll send her a plane ticket so that he can be here for his birthday. What an excEllent plan. That's something special. Can I tell tom about IT now? No, I don't want to say anything until i'm sure he can come. Hello, Sarah, I know that you are planning something big for tom's birthday. Could you tell me what you have in your mind? I want to make his birthday a very special event. Tom has a sister living in france, and i'll send her a plane tickets so that he can be here for his birthday. What an excEllent plan. That's something special. Can I tell tom about IT now? No, I don't want to say anything until i'm sure he can come. Listen to the next question. Hi mike. Hi Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here. I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today. The environment here is good and it's relatively quiet. Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening? Yes, are you? Yeah, Katherine was supposed to go with me, but he may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go? I think joe might want to go. Oh, yes. She's a great fun of classical music. I'll give her a ring off the lunch. Hi mike. Hi Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here. I usually have fast food deliver to my office. Just came here for a change today. The environment here is good and it's relatively quiet. Yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening? Yes. are you? Yeah, Katherine was supposed to go with me, but he may have to work extra hours tomorrow. Do you know anyone who might like to go? I think joe might want to go. Oh, yes. She's a great fan of classical music. I'll give her a ring off the lunch. Listen to the next question. Is that you, john? Yes. speaking til mary will be late for dinner this evening. I'm afraid I don't understand. Hasn't mary told you he invited Joseph and me to dinner this evening? I said I would be at your house at six o'clock, but the boss wants me to do some extra work. I'll have to stay at the office. I don't know when i'll finish. I don't know what you're talking about. That is john Smith isn't IT? Yes, i'm john smith. You are john smith, the engineer on you. That's right. You work for an advertising company. don't you? No, I don't. I'm john smith, the network engineer in the computer company. Is that you, john? Yes. speaking til mary will be late for dinner this evening. I'm afraid I don't understand. Hasn't mary told you he invited Joseph and me to dinner this evening? I said I would be at your house at six o'clock, but the boss wants me to do some extra work. I'll have to stay at the office. I don't know when i'll finish. I don't know what you're . talking about. That is john . Smith isn't IT? Yes, i'm john smith. You are john Smith the engineer. aren't you? That's right. You work for an advertising company, don't you? No, I don't. I'm john smith, the network engineer in a computer company. Listen to the next question. mr. Johnson, tell me a little about yourself. I am thirty two years old. I worked at the steel plant until they shut him down last a month, and now I am looking for a job. Tell me about your experience at the steel plant. I was a team leader. I was always on time, and my boss said I was one of his best workers. Very impressive. mr. Johnson, what are the three words that can describe you best? I would say, responsible, hardworking and smart. Very good. What makes you the best candidate for this job? Well, I am a very hard working person, and I am able to learn the tasks quickly. Okay, then, thank you for coming. Do you have any questions? Yes, i'm wondering what my schedule will be if I . get the job. That's a good question. You would work from nine until five, monday through friday. Is that OK for you? Yes, that would be great. Do you have any other questions? No, I believe that is all. mr. Johnson, tell me a little about yourself. I am thirty two years old. I worked at the steel plant until they shut IT down last a month, and now I am looking for a job. Tell me about your experience at the steel plant. I was a team leader. I was always on time, and my boss said I was one of his best workers. Very impressive. mr. Johnson, what are the three words that can describe? You best say. responsible, hardworking and smart. Very good. What makes you the best candidate for this job? Well, I am a very hard working person, and I am able to learn the tasks quickly. Okay, then, thank you for coming. Do you have any questions? Yes, i'm wondering what my schedule will be if I . get the job. That's a good question. You would work from nine until five, monday through friday. Is that OK for you? Yes, that would be great. Do you have any other questions? No, I believe that is all. Listen to the next question. Hello everyone, i'm glad to be here to share my opinions about english studying. I'm in my first year in university. Many of you said that listening in english is difficult. Well, IT is true for me as well. I remember when I was learning english, I couldn't understand what the teacher said, but now my listening has improved a lot. Here are some ideas that may help you improve your listening in english. First of all, don't worry, if you don't understand every word you hear, you should concentrate only on the most important words. Secondly, trying to get extra listening practice outside the classroom. For example, you can listen to the radio in english and watch english movies. Next, it's a good idea to listen to presentations from the internet, and it's easy to download presentations onto your computer. Finally, it's a good idea to listen to pop songs while you read the words. At the same time, there are lots of internet sites that give you the words of the most popular songs. These are all from me, and I hope they will help you. Hello everyone, i'm glad to be here to share my opinions about english studying. I'm in my first year in university. Many of you said that listening in english is difficult. Well, IT is true for me as well. I remember when I was learning english, I couldn't understand what the teacher said, but now my listening has improved a lot. Here are some ideas that may help you improve your listening in english. First of all, don't worry, if you don't understand every word you hear, you should concentrate only on the most important words. Secondly, trying to get extra listening practice outside the classroom. For example, you can listen to the radio in english and watch english movies. Next, it's a good idea to listen to presentations from the internet, and it's easy to download presentations onto your computer. Finally, it's a good idea to listen to pop songs while you read the words. At the same time, there are lots of internet sites that give you the words of the most popular songs. 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BIAIERTICIIDI 鞋1aHa10H0 型 g IAJISIICIOI IA1I83IC]I0) a1at想1C11B1 4线tA1I#1tC11B1 IAIIBIICI1DI FAIISJICIIDI IAILBJICHIDI IAIIDJICIDI [AIISJICHDI 非选择题（请在各试题的答要区内作答） 第三廊分雪言运用（共两节，满分功分》 第二节《共10小题：每小悬15分，满分5分) 56 57 5& 59 6位 63 65 请在各影日的酒形域内华荐城出雪色影诗和限见室城物初新无效！ 有在补题耳的整区城内作界：国出周色果山果定显城的答卖无效 其请第1（头4） 刻语第1自（其41） 言在清道口的等整区城内市香，量由■色形山翻用立城的答室工验 Escouaged by is achievemet.Lin Fei redoubled his eforta in ether eourses as well 请勿在此区域内作答 或者做任何标记 青在春题目的片题区城内店香，超由知色小制用如区城为季室无效1 关雨第3夏（共4可） 雨第4月（共4） ■ ( ………………○……………… 外 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○……………… 外 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 绝密★考试结束前 2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围： Units 1-3（外研版2019选择性必修第三册）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is probably the man? A．A postman. B．A cashier. C．A waiter. 2．How much is a student ticket? A．2 dollars. B．4 dollars. C．8 dollars. 3．What does the woman want to do? A．Buy another jacket. B．Return a jacket. C．Change a jacket. 4．Which aspect of the film does the woman like? A．The plot. B．The music. C．The dialogue. 5．Why does the man feel upset? A．Someone said he was ugly. B．A guy didn’t like his clothes. C．He found his clothes ugly. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What is the woman’s plan? A．To buy Tom a gift. B．To invite Tom to France. C．To give Tom a surprise. 7．What does the woman mean in the end? A．She needs the man’s suggestions. B．She will give something special to the man. C．She wants the man to keep the plan secret from Tom. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a restaurant. B．In a library. C．In a supermarket. 9．What will the woman do tomorrow evening? A．Visit Catherine. B．Go to a concert. C．Talk with the man. 10．Who is the woman going to call? A．Joan. B．Catherine. C．Mike. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why will the woman be late for the dinner? A．She has to work overtime. B．She will meet an engineer. C．She is asked to repair a computer. 12．Who was invited besides the woman? A．Mary. B．Joseph. C．John. 13．What can we know about the woman? A．She knows the man well. B．She dials a wrong number. C．She works in an advertising company. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why did the man leave the steel plant? A．He was badly paid. B．He was often late. C．It was closed down. 15．How does the man feel about the working schedule? A．Satisfied. B．Disappointed. C．Indifferent. 16．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Father and daughter. C．Interviewee and Interviewer. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speech mainly about? A．How to improve English listening. B．How to find English material. C．How to understand teachers better. 18．How is the speaker’s English listening compared with before? A．Worse. B．Better. C．Unchanged. 19．How many ideas does the speaker offer? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 20．What is the speaker’s last advice? A．To watch English movies.B．To listen to the radio. C．To listen to pop songs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Edinburgh Essay Award 2025 The contest is organized by the Scottish Arts Trust, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Topics and requirements The competition welcomes non-fiction submissions on a broad range of topics. We seek essays on cultural subjects such as art, literature, theatre, dance, music, and other artistic expressions-travel narratives (故事) about locations, individuals, and experiences; profiles that explore the impact of people — from community figures to international celebrities; discussions of environmental issues from household to global level; personal memoirs (回忆录) reflecting on transformative experiences; and examinations of philosophical, historical, ormodern-day topics and more. Entries should be no more than 2,000 words. Photographs and graphic illustrations within the body of the essay are permitted. Footnotes are not permitted. Your work must be in English, original, and unpublished. Who may enter The competition is open to anyone aged 16 and over. Entry fees, prizes and bursaries (奖学金) Entry Fee: £10 per essay. You may enter as many times as you wish. Prizes · First Prize: £1,000 · Second Prize: £500 · Third Prize: £250 Our bursary scheme offers a limited number of bursaries for talented writers who are under-represented. These bursaries are open to applicants worldwide who face challenges such as low household income, discrimination of any kind, disability, full-time caregiving responsibilities, or other barriers. We require you to submit the work for the competition as part of your application. 21．Which of the following will result in disqualification? A．Submitting essays on cultural subjects. B．Handing in an entry with over 2,000 words. C．Offering an article about a famous people. D．Writing travel narratives about locations. 22．How much will a second-prize winner be rewarded with? A．£250. B．£500. C．£750. D．£1,000. 23．What can we know about the competition? A．It provides some scholarships. B．It welcomes science fiction. C．It is organized by a college in America. D．It is open to writers of all ages. B The notebook stared back at me. Yellowing paper and black-and-white photographs spilled out of its sides. In handwritten Spanish, the label on its cover read “Family History”. I opened it to the first page and began to read. “I’m not sure what it is that I’m about to write, but I’ve had this idea for a number of years…” This was clearly Grandpa’s handwriting. In his basement in the suburbs outside of London I read on in silence. Within the first few pages of the notebook, Grandpa had recounted our family’s history. What I held in my hands was an oral history, consisting of diaries, letters, and newspaper cuttings from Grandpa’s own youth, a treasure of research. I didn’t tell Grandpa what I’d found in his basement until one day he happened to see me there, with his notebook open on the desk. My face reddened. “I’ve been looking at your writing. It’s very interesting.” Out of my expectation, he broke into a wide smile, and his eyes welled up with tears. Then he began to tell me the family story, explaining the parts I didn’t understand. As both a grandson and a journalist, I asked questions that brought color to these histories. Why did my great-grandfather leave Iraq in such a hurry in the early 1900s? Why did he work as a traveling salesman in the remote Andes Mountains? Answers to these questions brought me a sense of excitement, sort of like unlocking a new world. Recently, I was traveling the country to discuss a book I wrote about my search across Argentina for traces of my great-grandfather. What I’ve realized by talking with others is that time and energy remain our biggest barriers to hearing our families’ stories. They are the identities we create in worlds foreign and familiar, remembered now but forever at risk of being forgotten. I feel lucky to have asked before it’s too late, before the keepers of the answers are gone. 24．What did the author find in his grandpa’s basement? A．A long lost history book. B．Hidden family treasures. C．Stories created by Grandpa. D．Records of family history. 25．How did Grandpa feel when he saw the author in the basement? A．Embarrassed and shy. B．Sad and then relieved. C．Emotional and pleased. D．Annoyed but then forgiving. 26．What may the finding have inspired the author to do? A．To become a better journalist. B．To investigate his family further. C．To do more international travel. D．To collect more dying folk stories. 27．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The barriers. B．People we talked with. C．The books we wrote. D．Our families’ stories. C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 28．What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A．Protecting cows from being attacked. B．Leading predators to the farm. C．Training cows to notice predators. D．Recognizing cows quickly. 29．What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A．Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B．The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C．A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D．More than twenty painted cows were killed. 30．What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A．Predators perceive the tricks. B．Predators get close to the cows. C．There is more than one predator. D．The farmers lack basic painting skills. 31．Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A．It is a widely recognized approach. B．It follows their traditional practice. C．It is easy and cheap to carry out. D．It has proved the most effective. D The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world. Neurons are like small pieces of snow: they look the same from a distance but on further inspection it’s clear that no two are exactly alike. By contrast, each cell in an artificial neural network — the technology on which artificial intelligence (AI) is based — is identical, with only their connectivity varying. Despite the speed at which AI technology is advancing, their neural networks do not learn as accurately or quickly as the human brain. Researchers set out to study whether simulating (模拟) the brain by varying neural network cell properties could improve learning in AI. They found that the variability (可变量) in the cells improved their learning and reduced energy consumption. When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning. Dr. Dan Goodman said, “Evolution has given us incredible brain functions, most of which we are only just beginning to understand. Our research suggests that we can learn vital lessons from our own biology to make AI work better for us.” To carry out the study, the researchers focused on adjusting the “time constant” (时间常数) — that is, how quickly each cell decides what it wants to do based on what the cells connected to it are doing. After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings. Current AI systems are far from achieving the level of energy efficiency that the researchers find in biological systems. Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain. 32．What can be learned about neurons from paragraph 1? A．The neurons allow us to learn about the world. B．The human brain is made up of billions of neurons. C．The human brain is made to learn quickly by neurons. D．The neurons are like small pieces of snow in the shape. 33．What can be inferred about learning in AI? A．It is as effective as biological systems. B．It is more efficient than the human brain. C．It consumes less energy than the human brain. D．It performs best with the right amount of variability. 34．Why did researchers adjust the “time constant”? A．To simplify the complicated real-world tasks. B．To record the networks’ energy consumption. C．To help the network process slow and fast information. D．To enhance the networks’ performance in complex tasks. 35．What will the researchers focus on in the near future? A．The values of AI networks. B．The functions of human brains. C．The efficiency of AI networks. D．The evolution of human brains. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why sensitive kids will make the world a better place? Sensitive children are these special, observant people. They notice when you’re sad, and they ask why. They’re often old souls with big hearts who want to make other people happy. 36 Why? Because they’re supportive. 37 They believe in people and want to see them do well. They want to make the people they love happy. Sensitive people are often great listeners ——they want to know people and understand what they’re thinking and feeling. They want to be there for you when you need them. 38 Sensitive kids typically have unbelievable imaginations. They’re dreamers. Their creativity shines through in all they do, and ideas just come to them. They show a great appreciation for the arts and they’re inspired by the beauty they find in the world. They notice that tiny little worms crawling on the sidewalk and the puffy (松软洁白的) clouds in the sky. Because they are unique. 39 They’re insightful and reflective-they like to take the lime to be alone and spend lime with their thoughts. They appreciate calm and quiet moments. Because they’re strategic. Psychologist Dr. Elaine Aron’s and author of The Highly Sensitive Child fays highly sensitive children are “Quick to grasp small and not so obvious changes and generally behave conscientiously (勤勉地)”. 40 A．Because they’re emotional. B．Because they are creative. C．They’re going to do big things in this world. D．They try to build up those around them, not tear them down. E．They want to celebrate with them if they’re happy and excited. F．Their attention to detail is impressive and they think things thoroughly. G．They can often bring another perspective to the table because they tend to think differently. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alice is a student who came to my class last year. Though she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit and 41 , with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude. I am Alice’s teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life. For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round-trip on the road. But she is never 42 for class. Alice is very passionate about learning English. She often says, “Don’t 43 me as a 60-year-old. I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything 44 . You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong sense of 45 to make sure what I teach makes sense to her. Alice came to me with very 46 English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English 47 on a daily basis. I 48 her homework before every class. Her homework is usually not what I 49 for the class, rather it is something that she 50 to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our 51 class. I am always 52 by the quality of her work. I feel fortunate to have a student like Alice. She has 53 me so much. Our 54 is a great learning experience for both of us. Though I have no idea why she learns English, I hope I can help her 55 her dream, whatever it is. 41．A．strong B．generous C．cheerful D．proud 42．A．anxious B．late C．ready D．meant 43．A．describe B．decorate C．mistake D．treat 44．A．eagerly B．properly C．literally D．carefully 45．A．humor B．responsibility C．achievement D．belonging 46．A．special B．effective C．basic D．complicated 47．A．in use B．in motion C．in order D．in place 48．A．copy B．mention C．check D．prepare 49．A．adjusted B．assigned C．saved D．collected 50．A．hesitates B．agrees C．promises D．volunteers 51．A．lively B．typical C．previous D．flexible 52．A．impressed B．annoyed C．confused D．encouraged 53．A．taught B．entertained C．guaranteed D．permitted 54．A．appointment B．interaction C．arrangement D．cooperation 55．A．play safe with B．try out for C．let go of D．get closer to 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The Milky Way formed around 13.5 billion years ago, but it’s not possible to travel back in time to see exactly how it 56 (happen). Studies of the Galaxy’ s (星系) ancient stars offer some clues, 57 do simulations (模拟), but the observable light from our home galaxy was emitted (发出) too recently 58 (enable) astronomers to examine its beginnings directly. One way around this problem is to study other galaxies that resemble the Milky Way. Mowla used observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to investigate 59 distant galaxy with a mass that matches the expected mass of the Milky Way 60 (short) after its formation in the early Universe. When astronomers observe distant galaxies, they see light that was emitted billions of years ago, because it takes time 61 light to travel across space to their telescopes. 62 (earth) separation from such far-away galaxies, and thus how long ago their light was emitted, can be measured, thanks to the constant 63 (expand) of the Universe. As light journeys across the vastness of space, its wavelength is stretched along with the expanding fabric of space, 64 (make) it seem redder than it was when it was emitted. And the change in the wavelength 65 (determine) by the distance the light travels and the age of the Universe at the time of emission. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的美国留学生朋友Frank很喜欢中国文学。请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起去观看下周六将上演的话剧《雷雨》（Thunderstorm）。内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.话剧表演的时间、地点以及注意事项； 3.期待回复。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Frank, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lin Fei was a diligent (勤勉的) student, always burying his head in books and earning top grades. His teachers admired his dedication and thirst for knowledge. When he graduated and entered a famous university, he was determined to continue his academic excellence and aimed to secure a scholarship. At university, Lin Fei encountered a challenging course titled “Advanced Physics”, taught by the strict and respected Professor Wang. On the first day of class, Professor Wang warned the students about the course’s difficulty, causing many to drop the course immediately. Lin Fei, however, wasn’t scared; he believed in his ability to tackle any subject. Professor Wang was known for his high expectations and his commitment to pushing students to achieve their best. He often said in class, “You alone must set your own standard of excellence,” a sentence that puzzled Lin Fei, as he had always found school to be easy. The first test arrived, and Lin Fei, overconfident in his abilities, did not prepare as diligently as he should have. He even spent the night before the test watching a movie with friends. The next day, he was shocked to receive a 75. C+, on his test paper. Physics was his strongest subject, and he had never received such a low grade before. He approached Professor Wang, who listened to his arguments and explained that grades were a reflection of effort and understanding. Realizing that his scholarship was now in jeopardy (处于危险境地), Lin Fei decided to turn things around. He understood that this was his last chance to improve his course grade. He began to study with a newfound determination, spending hours each day understanding the complex concepts that had previously eluded (把……难倒) him. He attended every lecture, completed all assignments diligently, and spent additional hours in the library, going over textbooks and solving problems. As the next test approached, Lin Fei felt very calm. He knew he had tried his best. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The day after the test, he was excited to find that he had earned an A． ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Encouraged by this achievement, Lin Fei redoubled his efforts in other courses as well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第9页（共12页） 试题 第10页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$