大题07 完形填空说明文+议论文-【大题精做】冲刺2025年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考通用）

大题07完形填空议论文/说明文 历年考情 说明文是高考英语完形填空中的一种并不常考文体，其主要功能是介绍、解释或说明事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理等。与记叙文相比，说明文的语言更加简练、平实、准确，通常采用客观描述。文章主题明确，层次分明，作者通常在文章开头就点明说明对象。 命题规律 高考完形填空命题重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。 近三年设题方式大致可分为语篇层次、句间层次及句内层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句间层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，且句内层次、句间层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数。但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有那么几个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎。 考向预测 预计2025年高考完形填空对词汇的考查仍将以实词为主，且突出语境化的特点。在备考过程中，考生应注意夯实基础词汇知识，增加词汇储备量，尤其要注意课标词汇中的多义词、派生词等，同时提高语言运用能力。 【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ . For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea. We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her. A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it. 21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing 22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick 23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced 24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted 25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired 26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested 27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor 28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears 29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool 30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident 31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once 32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave 33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions 34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored 35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly 36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity 37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose 38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up 39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings 40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective 抓住首句，明确说明对象：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或说明对象，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。 理清段落关系：通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面进行说明的，概括每一段的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系。 弄清说明顺序，把握文章脉络：作者在说明过程中会选择合理的说明顺序（如时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序等），把握这些顺序有助于理解文章的整体结构。 关注语境和逻辑：在选择答案时，要结合上下文的语境和逻辑关系，确保所选词汇使文章意思通顺、逻辑合理。 先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。 【2025届黑龙江省“六校联盟”高三上学期联合适应性考试】How many times have you caught yourself absorbed in Instagram? It’s without doubt a wonderful tool for 21 with others, but sometimes I wonder if we’re 22 ourselves with too much attention paid to the outside world. Recently, I watched a Netflix documentary titled The Social Dilemma, which put me in a(n) 23 mood. I constantly questioned myself what was so attractive about Instagram that I would 24 whatever I was doing to check a notification (通知) or respond to a comment on my post. Before watching The Social Dilemma, my screen time couldn’t have been longer. Like any addict, 25 the proof was right in front of me, my 26 to admit the problem stopped me overcoming the addiction. As everyone uses social media frequently, I thought I was just 27 the crowd. However, after watching the documentary, I realised that I needed a social media detox. I really needed a 28 from social media. As I clicked the “x” button and watched Instagram 29 from my phone screen, I got an uneasy feeling. I wanted nothing more than to 30 it and watch on last cat video. Anyway, I still 31 to resist the urge, devoting my time to more meaningful things. The detox has helped me understand that it’s 32 to check every story the app presents or respond to every message on it. Instead, I should transfer my focus to real-world 33 .I strongly recommend watching The Social Dilemma and quitting your most frequently used social media app for one day. I promise the 34 in your life will be positive. Maybe you’ll even discover a new-found sense of freedom and 35 over your own time and attention. 21．A．connecting B．competing C．contrasting D．cooperating 22．A．upsetting B．ignoring C．entertaining D．disappointing 23．A．reflective B．cheerful C．positive D．appropriate 24．A．check out B．try out C．stick out D．leave off 25．A．given that B．in case C．even though D．provided that 26．A．excuse B．opportunity C．responsibility D．unwillingness 27．A．attracting B．searching C．avoiding D．following 28．A．recovery B．release C．break D．protection 29．A．disappear B．separate C．escape D．shelter 30．A．remove B．charge C．update D．reinstall 31．A．failed B．managed C．declined D．pretended 32．A．unsafe B．unlikely C．unnecessary D．unusual 33．A．challenges B．selections C．consequences D．interactions 34．A．difference B．direction C．experience D．vision 35．A．courage B．trust C．mastery D．guidance Close（1） 【湖北省武汉中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考】During the recent National Day holiday, the Ailao Mountains, located in Southwest China’ s Yunnan Province, became 56 unexpected sensation online. A viral video from a content creator, who 57 (adventure) into the Ailao Mountains alone to gather materials, showcased the range’s mist-covered peaks, tranquil waters, and untamed wilderness. Attracted by the mystique, many tourists flocked to this once relatively unknown destination during the holiday. What was once a thinly 58 (populate)“forbidden zone” quickly turned into a crowded “tourist spot”. Contrary to 59 some may think, the Ailao Mountains are a vast range instead of a single peak. 60 (stretch) about 400 kilometers, it runs through central Yunnan, forming a natural boundary between the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains. While some parts have been developed into scenic areas, much of the Ailao Mountains remain untouched. According to veteran geologist Wang Yu, the mountain’s terrain is rugged (崎岖的), with steep vertical 61 (drop) and six different climate zones. “The complex climate, which ranges from tropical to alpine, makes it easy for weather 62 (change) suddenly. Once you enter the dense forest, it’s easy to lose your way and encounter dangers like venomous snakes, leeches, and wild animals,” Wang warned. In 2021, the dangers of the region became 63 (tragic) evident when four professional geologists from the Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center of China Geological Survey went missing and were later found dead in the Ailao Mountains, the youngest of 64 was 25, and the oldest 32. While the allure of the Ailao Mountains’ wild beauty is undeniable, it’s crucial not to embark 65 such adventures without preparation! Close（2） 【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考】JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of 21 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. She was born in China and lived there until the age of six. It was in those years that the seeds of love for Chinese culture were 22 . Even after moving back to the U. S., Urbonya's parents used Chinese TV dramas to 23 her Chinese language abilities. The seeds of passion 24 her back to China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing Normal University. “When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I often cover my shoulder with a blanket, 25 I was an ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance to 26 that dream occurred in 2020, when a TV show had Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 27 and is winning recognition in the world. I got the full hanfu experience and I 28 then that hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese 29 to the present,” she said. She 30 that 10 years ago when she was in college, wearing hanfu was a(n) 31 sight and she could only buy custom-made hanfu. “If I had worn hanfu walking down the street, people would probably ask 32 in their hearts, ‘Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?” “Now, she has 33 hanfu in her everyday wear and is able to purchase different 34 of hanfu online. “I'm really happy to be a hanfu culture enthusiast, and I hope to make it more 35 to those outside of China,” she said. 21．A．mysteries B．ambitions C．surprises D．contradictions 22．A．spread B．collected C．sowed D．blossomed 23．A．keep up B．hold up C．take up D．wrap up 24．A．delivered B．brought C．forced D．flashed 25．A．celebrating B．demanding C．guaranteeing D．pretending 26．A．achieve B．appreciate C．imagine D．establish 27．A．appeal B．exposure C．admiration D．devotion 28．A．proposed B．indicated C．realized D．proved 29．A．faith B．history C．values D．virtues 30．A．memorized B．declared C．reminded D．recalled 31．A．popular B．rare C．desirable D．crucial 32．A．ridiculously B．seriously C．casually D．curiously 33．A．folded B．included C．replaced D．created 34．A．ranges B．models C．sizes D．styles 35．A．reliable B．comfortable C．accessible D．reasonable Close（3） 【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考】JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of 1 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. She was born in China and lived there until the age of six. It was in those years that the seeds of love for Chinese culture were 2 . Even after moving back to the U. S., Urbonya's parents used Chinese TV dramas to 3 her Chinese language abilities. The seeds of passion 4 her back to China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing Normal University. “When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I often cover my shoulder with a blanket, 5 I was an ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance to 6 that dream occurred in 2020, when a TV show had Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 7 and is winning recognition in the world. I got the full hanfu experience and I 8 then that hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese 9 to the present,” she said. She 10 that 10 years ago when she was in college, wearing hanfu was a(n) 11 sight and she could only buy custom-made hanfu. “If I had worn hanfu walking down the street, people would probably ask 12 in their hearts, ‘Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?” “Now, she has 13 hanfu in her everyday wear and is able to purchase different 14 of hanfu online. “I'm really happy to be a hanfu culture enthusiast, and I hope to make it more 15 to those outside of China,” she said. 1．A．mysteries B．ambitions C．surprises D．contradictions 2．A．spread B．collected C．sowed D．blossomed 3．A．keep up B．hold up C．take up D．wrap up 4．A．delivered B．brought C．forced D．flashed 5．A．celebrating B．demanding C．guaranteeing D．pretending 6．A．achieve B．appreciate C．imagine D．establish 7．A．appeal B．exposure C．admiration D．devotion 8．A．proposed B．indicated C．realized D．proved 9．A．faith B．history C．values D．virtues 10．A．memorized B．declared C．reminded D．recalled 11．A．popular B．rare C．desirable D．crucial 12．A．ridiculously B．seriously C．casually D．curiously 13．A．folded B．included C．replaced D．created 14．A．ranges B．models C．sizes D．styles 15．A．reliable B．comfortable C．accessible D．reasonable Close（4） 【河南省信阳市2024-2025学年普通高中高三上学期第二次教学质量检测】Lottie Mills, a student at the University of Cambridge, won the BBC Young Writers’ Award and she was congratulated for her 21 “The Changeling” at the virtual award ceremony. It was an inspiring story. Upset about how difference is described in some novels, particularly when it comes to disability, Lottie was inspired by “otherhood” (另类教育) and aimed to advocate a 22 state of mind. “The Changeling” transformed a myth (神话) into a magical and wonderful tale of a girl’s powerful 23 . Lotti e said, “As a disabled person, my stories quite often focus on ideas of otherhood, based on characters who are 24 by their society in some way or another.” She felt a strong 25 to challenge these social standards through her writing. “I had been researching fairy-related myths for a university essay and when I came across the idea of “changeling”, it really 26 in my mind. I really wanted to write a story which would show the 27 of disabled people, rather than describe them as disadvantaged.” Her determination to 28 that description was firm. Now Lottie is writing her first novel, a children’ s book. Knowing how 29 the right story can be, she desires to become an author, hoping to 30 young readers with her tales. Lotti e won fierce competition over four finalists. Kate Thistleton, BBC Radio RI presenter and one of the Young Writers’ Award judges, said, “We were 31 by ‘The Changeling’. It’ s simply beautiful. I love the way it uses fairy myth to tell a story from difference and disability to 32 . I’m so happy Lottie won and is considering a job as an author after being 33 by the Young Writers’ Award.” Her win is a 34 for all ambitious writers, especially those who, like Lottie, may feel like 35 in society.” 21．A．report B．essay C．poem D．work 22．A．neutral B．negative C．positive D．passive 23．A．growth B．balance C．habit D．hobby 24．A．accepted B．welcomed C．supported D．deserted 25．A．fear B．hesitation C．responsibility D．agreement 26．A．stuck B．disappeared C．occurred D．hurt 27．A．weaknesses B．disabilities C．advantages D．nervousness 28．A．promote B．change C．maintain D．ignore 29．A．life-saving B．life-threatening C．life-disturbing D．life-changing 30．A．inspire B．entertain C．annoy D．challenge 31．A．taken B．carried C．impressed D．refused 32．A．willingness B．rejection C．complaint D．acceptance 33．A．confused B．motivated C．discouraged D．disappointed 34．A．routine B．model C．task D．loss 35．A．outsiders B．insiders C．pioneers D．leaders Close（5） 【山东省实验中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 41 in China’s space journey. The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 42 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 43 training. At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 44 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 45 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 46 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies. During the mission, the astronauts will have 47 tasks to accomplish. They will 48 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 49 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 50 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts. Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 51 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 52 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future. The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 53 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 54 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 55 nation. 41．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform 42．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition 43．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding 44．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting 45．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed 46．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated 47．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky 48．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with 49．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures 50．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete 51．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply 52．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence 53．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor 54．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects 55．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous Close（6） 【2025届河南部分高中青桐鸣大联考2024-2025学年高三下学期开学】At a recent holiday gathering, I sat behind a row of parents watching dozens of 9-year-olds in ties and beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride. Each of the parents had a 61 in hand, carefully and seriously recording the 62 . They were working so hard to ensure they didn’t 63 anything — and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out. Childhood is 64 . This performance or soccer game will never come again. So I understand the 65 to capture (捕捉) everything. Parents have long sought ways to 66 time as their kids grow, starting with baby books containing footprints and locks of hair. We 67 report cards, Halloween poems, and gold-starred spelling tests. And of course we have taken photos and videos. Yet the more I see parents 68 reaching for their phones, the more I come to believe that when we turn our kids into the subjects of our personal documentaries, we 69 losing an opportunity to really 70 our children. So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your phone away. Keep your eyes on your 71 , who will be looking for you. Wait for them to 72 you in the audience. Maybe they’ll light up. Maybe they’ll cover their face in 73 . Either way, this is the 74 moment: the minute they will know that you really 75 them. 61．A．notebook B．camera C．phone D．computer 62．A．issue B．event C．view D．story 63．A．forget B．ignore C．leave D．miss 64．A．boring B．lonely C．tough D．short 65．A．power B．ability C．urge D．chance 66．A．stop B．freeze C．spend D．waste 67．A．save B．fill C．take D．write 68．A．dramatically B．automatically C．rarely D．patiently 69．A．risk B．appreciate C．avoid D．mind 70．A．connect with B．take control of C．contribute to D．get rid of 71．A．friend B．teacher C．partner D．child 72．A．pick B．hear C．follow D．spot 73．A．embarrassment B．pride C．anger D．excitement 74．A．brief B．meaningful C．quiet D．historic 75．A．respect B．judge C．see D．criticize Close（7） 【2024届广东省佛山市禅城区高三下学期统一调研测试（二）】When I was seven, my father gave me a watch, Timex. It was my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped clicking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t 81 one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these 82 tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty 83 ; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. But while the 84 men have realized that they don’t need them, others 85 are spending total fortunes on them. Brands (品牌) such as Rolex and Philippe command shocking 86 , up to £250,000 for a piece. This is 87 . These days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra 88 but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your 89 in the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things? If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have 90 when the Japanese discovered how to 91 accurate watches for a five-pound note. Watches are now categorized as “investments”. A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £15,000 to £30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a(n) 92 for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up. But when fashion moves on, the 93 of that £350,000 beauty will 94 find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my 95 Timex. 81．A．own B．wear C．choose D．need 82．A．devices B．phones C．watches D．friends 83．A．minds B．wrists C．bags D．hands 84．A．young B．sensitive C．proud D．wise 85．A．regularly B． apparently C．generously D．usually 86．A．prices B．salaries C．operations D．applications 87．A．unexpected B．fashionable C．silly D．reasonable 88．A．functions B．charges C．operations D．applications 89．A．interest B．direction C．courage D．fortune 90．A．come up B．brightened up C．closed down D．moved on 91．A．appreciate B．set C．promote D．make 92．A．toy B．memory C．reward D．invention 93．A．designer B．admirer C．producer D．owner 94．A．originally B．suddenly C．particularly D．constantly 95．A．priceless B．pocket C．childhood D．poor Close（8） 【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.” However, as I grew older, I 101 the toxicity (毒性) behind this notion. Pursuing our dreams is not always easy due to various 102 . For instance, I 103 to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows. Later, my dream 104 to becoming a manga editor, but I faced 105 like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams. Though there is hope, considering many celebrities started from humble beginnings, achieving dreams remains 106 . As someone who once had ambitious aspirations, these “chase your dreams” speeches gave me 107 hope. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyone can 108 whatever they desire simply by wishing for it. 109 , reality tells us otherwise. I am not trying to be 110 , but rather realistic. Growing older has taught me that some dreams are meant to stay as dreams. Nonetheless, I am grateful that my dream of becoming a singer did not materialize. I have found other passions — writing and editing — and 111 pursued them as a career through college. I have no regrets about this path. If we do not 112 exactly where we want to be, it is alright. Life sometimes presents obstacles that 113 us from choosing our first preference for the future. Our dreams may not always be 114 , but that does not mean good things are not in store for us. Life often takes us on different paths. Do not lose hope, for you have a bright future ahead, 115 the choices you make. 101．A．worried B．changed C．realized D．controlled 102．A．barriers B．shelters C．excuses D．thoughts 103．A．failed B．agreed C．used D．desired 104．A．focused B．shifted C．continued D．happened 105．A．efforts B．challenges C．demands D．choices 106．A．straightforward B．common C．complicated D．rare 107．A．false B．true C．great D．special 108．A．confirm B．appreciate C．accomplish D．distribute 109．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Furthermore 110．A．optimistic B．pessimistic C．energetic D．enthusiastic 111．A．unexpectedly B．unavoidably C．uneventfully D．unnecessarily 112．A．come up B．turn up C．set up D．end up 113．A．save B．protect C．prevent D．guard 114．A．comfortable B．attainable C．bearable D．adjustable 115．A．instead of B．in terms of C．by means of D．regardless of 【答案】101．C 102．A 103．D 104．B 105．B 106．D 107．A 108．C 109．C 110．B 111．A 112．D 113．C 114．B 115．D Close（1） 【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment 19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important 20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name 23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student 24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce 26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education Close（2） 【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment 19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important 20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name 23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student 24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce 26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education Close（3） 【2016年上海卷】In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work. In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers. Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot. A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less. Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them. 51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike 52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme 53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise 54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above 55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging 56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply 57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression 58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male 59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing 60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating 61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared 62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally 63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure 64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene 65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness Close（4） 【2015年重庆卷】Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you’re 29 jet lag（时差反应）. Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31. For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological clock to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness. 28. A.flight B.change C.demand D.climate 29. A.suffering from B.working on C.looking into D.leading to 30. A.danger B.problem C.waste D.fear 31. A.briefly B.slowly C.suddenly D.effectively 32. A.checking B.sending C.adjusting D.stopping 33. A.awake B.alone C.hungry D.calm 34. A.though B.so C.while D.or 35. A.understanding B.cycle C.research D.trend Close（5） 【2015年广东卷】How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 　1　 to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live — if he or she is 　2　 healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 　3　. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and 　4　 die. Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a 　5　 life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years! When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the 　6　 line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental 　7　 until after age 75. People are living longer because more people 　8　 childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood 　9　. Now that the chances of dying 　10　 are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care. On the whole, our population is getting older. The 　11　 in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see 　12　, not disaster. Today, many men and women in their "golden years" are healthy, still active, and young in 　13　 if not in age. As our society grows old, we need the 　14　 of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to 　15　 active and be devoted. 1.A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered 2.A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely 3.A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately 4.A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately 5.A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier 6.A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing 7.A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure 8.A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value 9.A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases 10.A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet 11.A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases 12.A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices 13.A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement 14.A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission 15.A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大题07完形填空议论文/说明文 历年考情 说明文是高考英语完形填空中的一种并不常考文体，其主要功能是介绍、解释或说明事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理等。与记叙文相比，说明文的语言更加简练、平实、准确，通常采用客观描述。文章主题明确，层次分明，作者通常在文章开头就点明说明对象。 命题规律 高考完形填空命题重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。 近三年设题方式大致可分为语篇层次、句间层次及句内层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句间层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，且句内层次、句间层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数。但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有那么几个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎。 考向预测 预计2025年高考完形填空对词汇的考查仍将以实词为主，且突出语境化的特点。在备考过程中，考生应注意夯实基础词汇知识，增加词汇储备量，尤其要注意课标词汇中的多义词、派生词等，同时提高语言运用能力。 【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ . For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea. We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her. A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it. 21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing 22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick 23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced 24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted 25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired 26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested 27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor 28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears 29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool 30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident 31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once 32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave 33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions 34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored 35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly 36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity 37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose 38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up 39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings 40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文“to the questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。 【38题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings调查发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 18 mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。 抓住首句，明确说明对象：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或说明对象，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。 理清段落关系：通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面进行说明的，概括每一段的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系。 弄清说明顺序，把握文章脉络：作者在说明过程中会选择合理的说明顺序（如时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序等），把握这些顺序有助于理解文章的整体结构。 关注语境和逻辑：在选择答案时，要结合上下文的语境和逻辑关系，确保所选词汇使文章意思通顺、逻辑合理。 先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。 【2025届黑龙江省“六校联盟”高三上学期联合适应性考试】How many times have you caught yourself absorbed in Instagram? It’s without doubt a wonderful tool for 21 with others, but sometimes I wonder if we’re 22 ourselves with too much attention paid to the outside world. Recently, I watched a Netflix documentary titled The Social Dilemma, which put me in a(n) 23 mood. I constantly questioned myself what was so attractive about Instagram that I would 24 whatever I was doing to check a notification (通知) or respond to a comment on my post. Before watching The Social Dilemma, my screen time couldn’t have been longer. Like any addict, 25 the proof was right in front of me, my 26 to admit the problem stopped me overcoming the addiction. As everyone uses social media frequently, I thought I was just 27 the crowd. However, after watching the documentary, I realised that I needed a social media detox. I really needed a 28 from social media. As I clicked the “x” button and watched Instagram 29 from my phone screen, I got an uneasy feeling. I wanted nothing more than to 30 it and watch on last cat video. Anyway, I still 31 to resist the urge, devoting my time to more meaningful things. The detox has helped me understand that it’s 32 to check every story the app presents or respond to every message on it. Instead, I should transfer my focus to real-world 33 .I strongly recommend watching The Social Dilemma and quitting your most frequently used social media app for one day. I promise the 34 in your life will be positive. Maybe you’ll even discover a new-found sense of freedom and 35 over your own time and attention. 21．A．connecting B．competing C．contrasting D．cooperating 22．A．upsetting B．ignoring C．entertaining D．disappointing 23．A．reflective B．cheerful C．positive D．appropriate 24．A．check out B．try out C．stick out D．leave off 25．A．given that B．in case C．even though D．provided that 26．A．excuse B．opportunity C．responsibility D．unwillingness 27．A．attracting B．searching C．avoiding D．following 28．A．recovery B．release C．break D．protection 29．A．disappear B．separate C．escape D．shelter 30．A．remove B．charge C．update D．reinstall 31．A．failed B．managed C．declined D．pretended 32．A．unsafe B．unlikely C．unnecessary D．unusual 33．A．challenges B．selections C．consequences D．interactions 34．A．difference B．direction C．experience D．vision 35．A．courage B．trust C．mastery D．guidance 【答案】21．A 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作者个人对使用Instagram等社交媒体的反思，结合观看Netflix纪录片后的感悟，讨论了社交媒体对个人的影响以及如何正确对待社交媒体的问题。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，它是一个与他人建立联系的绝佳工具，但有时我会想，我们是不是因为过于关注外界而忽略了自己。A. connecting连接；B. competing竞争；C. contrasting对比；D. cooperating合作。根据上文提到的“How many times have you caught yourself absorbed in Instagram?”以及常理可知，Instagram是一个与他人联系的工具。故选A。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，它是一个与他人建立联系的绝佳工具，但有时我会想，我们是不是因为过于关注外界而忽略了自己。A. upsetting使心烦意乱；B. ignoring忽视；C. entertaining使开心；D. disappointing使失望。根据下文的“with too much attention paid to the outside world”可知，我们过多关注外界，由此可知，我们忽略了自身。故选B。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，我看了一部Netflix纪录片，名为《监视资本主义：智能陷阱》，这让我陷入了反思。A. reflective反思的；B. cheerful愉快的；C. positive积极的；D. appropriate恰当的。根据下文“I constantly questioned myself what was so attractive about Instagram that I would ___4___ whatever I was doing to check a notification (通知) or respond to a comment on my post.”可知，作者开始自我质疑，由此可知，作者处于反思的情绪中。故选A。 24．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不断问自己，Instagram究竟有什么魅力，能让我停下正在做的任何事，去查看一条通知，或者回复别人对我帖子的评论。A. check out结账离开；B. try out试用；C. stick out突出；D. leave off停止。根据空后“to check a notification (通知) or respond to a comment on my post”可推测，作者会停下手头的事情去查看通知或回复评论。故选D。 25．考查短语词义辨析。句意：我不断问自己，Instagram究竟有什么魅力，能让我停下正在做的任何事，去查看一条通知，或者回复别人对我帖子的评论。A. given that鉴于；B. in case以防万一；C. even though即使；D. provided that假如。分析句子成分，根据句意可知，空处考查让步状语从句的引导词，意为“即使”。故选C。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像任何上瘾的人一样，即便证据就摆在眼前，我却不愿意承认自己的问题，这使我无法戒掉这个瘾。A. excuse借口；B. opportunity机会；C. responsibility责任；D. unwillingness不愿意。根据下文“stopped me overcoming the addiction.”可推测，即便证据在眼前，作者也不愿意承认自己的问题，这让作者很难戒掉这个瘾。故选D。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为每个人都频繁使用社交媒体，我觉得自己只是在随大流。A. attracting吸引；B. searching搜索；C. avoiding避免；D. following跟随。根据上文“As everyone uses social media frequently”可推测，因为每个人都频繁使用社交媒体，所以作者认为自己这样只是随大流。考查短语：follow the crowd，意为“随大流”，符合句意。故选D。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的需要从社交媒体中抽离一段时间。A. recovery恢复；B. release释放；C. break休息、中断；D. protection保护。根据上文“However, after watching the documentary, I realised that I needed a social media detox.”可知，作者意识到了危害，决定戒媒体，也就是从社交媒体中抽离一段时间。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我点击“×”按钮，看着Instagram从手机屏幕上消失时，心里一阵不安。A. disappear消失；B. separate分开；C. escape逃避；D. shelter提供庇护。根据上文“As I clicked the “x” button”以及常理可知，这是一个删除软件的按钮，因此按下后，Instagram从手机屏幕上消失了。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一心只想重新安装它，再看最后一个猫咪视频。A. remove移除；B. charge收费、指控；C. update更新；D. reinstall重新安装。根据下文“watch on last cat video”可知，删除之后，作者非常想重新安装Instagram再看一个视频。故选D。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，我还是设法忍住了冲动，把时间花在了更有意义的事情上。A. failed失败；B. managed管理、设法做到；C. declined下降、拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据下文“devoting my time to more meaningful things.”可知，作者忍住了重新安装的冲动，把时间花在了更有意义的事情上。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次“排毒”让我明白，没必要去查看这款应用推送的每一条内容，也没必要回复上面的每一条信息。A. unsafe不安全的；B. unlikely不可能；C. unnecessary不必要的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据空后“check every story the app presents or respond to every message on it”以及“I strongly recommend watching The Social Dilemma and quitting your most frequently used social media app for one day.”可推测，作者认为查看这款应用推送的每一条内容以及回复每一条消息是没有必要的。故选C。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我应该把注意力转移到现实世界的人际交往中。A. challenges挑战；B. selections选择；C. consequences后果；D. interactions互动。根据上文可知，作者认为查看Instagram推送的每一条内容以及回复每一条消息是没有必要的。由此可知，作者认为我们应该把注意力转移到现实中的人际交往中。故选D。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我保证，这会给你的生活带来积极的改变。A. difference差异；B. direction方向；C. experience经验、经历；D. vision视野、远见。根据上文“I strongly recommend watching The Social Dilemma and quitting your most frequently used social media app for one day.”中的“quitting your most frequently used social media app for one day”可知，作者是建议我们做出一些改变，而且保证这种改变时积极的。故选A。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：说不定你甚至会发现一种全新的自由感，能够更好地掌控自己的时间和注意力。A. courage勇气；B. trust信任；C. mastery精通；D. guidance指导。根据上文内容可知，作者建议我们将注意力投入到现实中。由此可知，作者认为远离网络交流会让我们更好地掌控自己的时间和注意力。故选C。 Close（1） 【湖北省武汉中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考】During the recent National Day holiday, the Ailao Mountains, located in Southwest China’ s Yunnan Province, became 56 unexpected sensation online. A viral video from a content creator, who 57 (adventure) into the Ailao Mountains alone to gather materials, showcased the range’s mist-covered peaks, tranquil waters, and untamed wilderness. Attracted by the mystique, many tourists flocked to this once relatively unknown destination during the holiday. What was once a thinly 58 (populate)“forbidden zone” quickly turned into a crowded “tourist spot”. Contrary to 59 some may think, the Ailao Mountains are a vast range instead of a single peak. 60 (stretch) about 400 kilometers, it runs through central Yunnan, forming a natural boundary between the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains. While some parts have been developed into scenic areas, much of the Ailao Mountains remain untouched. According to veteran geologist Wang Yu, the mountain’s terrain is rugged (崎岖的), with steep vertical 61 (drop) and six different climate zones. “The complex climate, which ranges from tropical to alpine, makes it easy for weather 62 (change) suddenly. Once you enter the dense forest, it’s easy to lose your way and encounter dangers like venomous snakes, leeches, and wild animals,” Wang warned. In 2021, the dangers of the region became 63 (tragic) evident when four professional geologists from the Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center of China Geological Survey went missing and were later found dead in the Ailao Mountains, the youngest of 64 was 25, and the oldest 32. While the allure of the Ailao Mountains’ wild beauty is undeniable, it’s crucial not to embark 65 such adventures without preparation! 【答案】 56．an 57．adventured 58．populated 59．what 60．Stretching 61．drops 62．to change 63．tragically 64．whom 65．on 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在为期一周的国庆假期中，中国西南部云南省人迹罕至的“神秘”哀牢山变成了一个热门景点。但是由于许多地区处于未开发的原始状态，加上复杂的地形和气候，非专业人员不可贸然进入。野景风光虽好，切勿盲目打卡！ 56．考查冠词。句意：在最近的国庆假期期间，位于中国西南部云南省的哀牢山意外地在网上引起了轰动。 sensation在此句中作可数名词，意为“引起轰动的人或事”，前加不定冠词，表示泛指意义，且unexpected以元音音素开头，应用an。 故填an。 57．考查动词时态。句意：一位内容创作者独自冒险进入哀牢山收集材料，他在视频中展示了该山脉薄雾笼罩的山峰、宁静的水域和未驯服的荒野。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，此处是who引导的定语从句中谓语动词，也应用一般过去时。故填adventured。 58．考查形容词。句意：这个曾经人口稀少的“禁区”迅速变成了拥挤的“旅游景点”。 此处修饰forbidden zone，应用形容词populated“有人口居住的”，作定语。故填populated。 59．考查宾语从句。句意：与一些人所想的相反，哀牢山是一个巨大的山脉，而不是一个单一的山峰。 Contrary to“与……相反”，to是介词，此处引导宾语从句，应用连接代词what，在从句中作think的宾语。故填what。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：它绵延约400公里，贯穿云南中部，形成了云贵高原和横断山脉之间的自然边界。句子的谓语动词为runs through，空处为非谓语动词，it与stretch为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Stretching。 61．考查名词。句意：据资深地质学家王宇说，这座山地形崎岖，有陡峭的垂直落差和六个不同的气候带。此句中的 drop作可数名词，意为“落差”，前无限定词，应用名词复数，表泛指。故填drops。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：从热带到高山的复杂气候，使天气很容易发生突然变化。及物动词make后 it作形式宾语，不定式to change作真正的宾语。故填to change。 63．考查副词。句意：2021年，中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心的四名专业地质学家失踪，后来被发现死于哀老山，其中最小的25岁，最大的32岁，这一地区的危险变得非常明显。此处修饰形容词evident，应用副词tragically“极度，很”，作状语。故填tragically。 64．考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词four professional geologists，关系词替代先行词作of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 65．考查介词。句意：哀牢山野生美景的魅力是不可否认的，但关键是不要在没有准备的情况下开始这样的冒险！动词短语embark on“开始（一段旅程）”。故填on。 Close（2） 【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考】JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of 21 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. She was born in China and lived there until the age of six. It was in those years that the seeds of love for Chinese culture were 22 . Even after moving back to the U. S., Urbonya's parents used Chinese TV dramas to 23 her Chinese language abilities. The seeds of passion 24 her back to China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing Normal University. “When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I often cover my shoulder with a blanket, 25 I was an ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance to 26 that dream occurred in 2020, when a TV show had Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 27 and is winning recognition in the world. I got the full hanfu experience and I 28 then that hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese 29 to the present,” she said. She 30 that 10 years ago when she was in college, wearing hanfu was a(n) 31 sight and she could only buy custom-made hanfu. “If I had worn hanfu walking down the street, people would probably ask 32 in their hearts, ‘Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?” “Now, she has 33 hanfu in her everyday wear and is able to purchase different 34 of hanfu online. “I'm really happy to be a hanfu culture enthusiast, and I hope to make it more 35 to those outside of China,” she said. 21．A．mysteries B．ambitions C．surprises D．contradictions 22．A．spread B．collected C．sowed D．blossomed 23．A．keep up B．hold up C．take up D．wrap up 24．A．delivered B．brought C．forced D．flashed 25．A．celebrating B．demanding C．guaranteeing D．pretending 26．A．achieve B．appreciate C．imagine D．establish 27．A．appeal B．exposure C．admiration D．devotion 28．A．proposed B．indicated C．realized D．proved 29．A．faith B．history C．values D．virtues 30．A．memorized B．declared C．reminded D．recalled 31．A．popular B．rare C．desirable D．crucial 32．A．ridiculously B．seriously C．casually D．curiously 33．A．folded B．included C．replaced D．created 34．A．ranges B．models C．sizes D．styles 35．A．reliable B．comfortable C．accessible D．reasonable 【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．B 34．D 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对中国的汉服痴迷的外国人——Urbonya积极宣传汉服的故事。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：JongMay Urbonya是一位充满惊喜的美国女士：她普通话流利，喜欢汉服和中国舞蹈。A. mysteries神秘的事物；B. ambitions野心；雄心；C. surprises惊讶，惊喜；D. contradictions矛盾。根据本句“she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance (她普通话流利，喜欢汉服和中国舞蹈)”可知，JongMay Urbonya的爱好让人惊讶的。故选C。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她出生在中国，一直住到六岁。那些年在她的心中播下了热爱中国文化的种子。A. spread传播；B. collected收集；C. sowed播撒；D. blossomed开花；兴旺。根据上句“fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. (喜欢汉服和中国舞蹈)”以及本句“the seeds of love (热爱中国文化的种子)”可知，在中国生活的经历使热爱中国文化的种子在她的心中播下了。故选C。 23．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使在搬回美国的时候，Urbonya的父母也用中国电视剧来保持她的中文能力。A. keep up坚持，维持；B. hold up支撑，支持，举起；C. take up开始从事（某项活动）；D. wrap up总结，概括。根据上文“Urbonya’s parents used Chinese TV dramas to (Urbonya的父母也通过中国电视剧来)”可知，Urbonya的父母也通过中国电视剧来提高她的中文能力。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2011年，带着激情的种子，她回到中国，在北京师范大学学习中国舞蹈。A. delivered投递，运送；B. brought带来；C. forced强迫；D. flashed闪现。根据本句“studying Chinese dance in Beijing Normal University. (在北京师范大学学习中国舞蹈)”可知，她回到中国。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常用毯子裹住我的肩膀，假装我是一个古老的中国公主，”她说。A. celebrating庆祝；B. demanding要求；C. guaranteeing保证；D. pretending假装。根据本句“I often cover my shoulder with a blanket (我经常用毯子裹住我的肩膀)”可知，Urbonya经常用毯子盖住自己的肩膀，假装自己是一个古老的中国公主。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实现这一梦想的机会出现在2020年。A. achieve达到，取得；B. appreciate欣赏；C. imagine想象；D. establish建立。根据后句“when a TV show had Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide ___7___ and is winning recognition in the world. (一个电视节目让Urbonya去参加汉服节。“汉服具有广泛的吸引力，正在赢得世界的认可)”可知，Urbonya的梦想变为现实。故选A。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一个电视节目让Urbonya去参加汉服节时。“汉服具有广泛的吸引力，正在赢得世界的认可。A. appeal呼吁；B. exposure暴露，接触；C. admiration赞美，欣赏；D. devotion挚爱，忠诚。根据本句“is winning recognition in the world. (正在赢得世界的认可)”可知，汉服具有广泛的吸引力。故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有了完整的汉服体验，然后我意识到汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。A. proposed建议；B. indicated指出；显示；C. realized意识到；D. proved证明。根据本句“hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese___9___ to the present, ”she said. (汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式)”可知，Urbonya意识到汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有了完整的汉服体验，然后我意识到汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。A. faith信念；B. history历史；C. values价值；D. virtues美德。根据上句“Hanfu has wide ___7___ and is winning recognition in the world (汉服具有广泛的吸引力)”汉服是中国悠久的历史文化的代表，可知，汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。故选B。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回忆说，10年前上大学时，穿汉服是很少见的事，她只能买定制的汉服。A. memorized记住；B. declared宣布，声明；C. reminded提醒；D. recalled回忆。根据本句“10 years ago when she was in college (10年前她上大学时)”可知，这是她回忆十年前的事情。故选D。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她回忆说，10年前上大学时，穿汉服是很少见的事，她只能买定制的汉服。A. popular流行的；B. rare少见的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. crucial重要的。根据后文“she could only buy custom-made hanfu”只能买定制的汉服说明当时很少见。故选B。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“如果我穿着汉服走在街上，人们可能会好奇地问，为什么这个外国人穿着古装走在街上？”A. ridiculously可笑地；荒谬地；B. seriously严肃地；C. casually随意地；D. curiously好奇地。根据本句“Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?(为什么这个外国人穿着古装走在街上？)”可知，人们对于Urbonya穿汉服的事情很好奇。故选D。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她已经把汉服融入了自己的日常穿着，并且可以在网上购买不同风格的汉服。A. folded折叠；B. included包含；C. replaced代替；D. created创造。根据本句“in her everyday wear (自己的日常穿着)”可知，现在她已经把汉服融入了自己的日常穿着。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，她已经把汉服融入了自己的日常穿着，并且可以在网上购买不同风格的汉服。A. ranges范围；B. models模型；模式；C. sizes尺寸；D. styles风格。根据“purchase (购买)”以及“online (在网上)”可知，Urbonya可以在网上购买不同风格的汉服。故选D。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我很高兴能成为一名汉服文化爱好者，我希望能让中国以外的人更容易接触到汉服。”A. reliable可靠的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. accessible可接近的；D. reasonable合理的。根据本句“those outside of China (中国以外的人)”可知，Urbonya希望能让中国以外的人更容易接触到汉服。故选C。 Close（3） 【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025学年高三下学期2月月考】JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of 1 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. She was born in China and lived there until the age of six. It was in those years that the seeds of love for Chinese culture were 2 . Even after moving back to the U. S., Urbonya's parents used Chinese TV dramas to 3 her Chinese language abilities. The seeds of passion 4 her back to China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing Normal University. “When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I often cover my shoulder with a blanket, 5 I was an ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance to 6 that dream occurred in 2020, when a TV show had Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 7 and is winning recognition in the world. I got the full hanfu experience and I 8 then that hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese 9 to the present,” she said. She 10 that 10 years ago when she was in college, wearing hanfu was a(n) 11 sight and she could only buy custom-made hanfu. “If I had worn hanfu walking down the street, people would probably ask 12 in their hearts, ‘Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?” “Now, she has 13 hanfu in her everyday wear and is able to purchase different 14 of hanfu online. “I'm really happy to be a hanfu culture enthusiast, and I hope to make it more 15 to those outside of China,” she said. 1．A．mysteries B．ambitions C．surprises D．contradictions 2．A．spread B．collected C．sowed D．blossomed 3．A．keep up B．hold up C．take up D．wrap up 4．A．delivered B．brought C．forced D．flashed 5．A．celebrating B．demanding C．guaranteeing D．pretending 6．A．achieve B．appreciate C．imagine D．establish 7．A．appeal B．exposure C．admiration D．devotion 8．A．proposed B．indicated C．realized D．proved 9．A．faith B．history C．values D．virtues 10．A．memorized B．declared C．reminded D．recalled 11．A．popular B．rare C．desirable D．crucial 12．A．ridiculously B．seriously C．casually D．curiously 13．A．folded B．included C．replaced D．created 14．A．ranges B．models C．sizes D．styles 15．A．reliable B．comfortable C．accessible D．reasonable 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对中国的汉服痴迷的外国人——Urbonya积极宣传汉服的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：JongMay Urbonya是一位充满惊喜的美国女士：她普通话流利，喜欢汉服和中国舞蹈。A. mysteries神秘的事物；B. ambitions野心；雄心；C. surprises惊讶，惊喜；D. contradictions矛盾。根据本句“she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance (她普通话流利，喜欢汉服和中国舞蹈)”可知，JongMay Urbonya的爱好让人惊讶的。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她出生在中国，一直住到六岁。那些年在她的心中播下了热爱中国文化的种子。A. spread传播；B. collected收集；C. sowed播撒；D. blossomed开花；兴旺。根据上句“fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. (喜欢汉服和中国舞蹈)”以及本句“the seeds of love (热爱中国文化的种子)”可知，在中国生活的经历使热爱中国文化的种子在她的心中播下了。故选C。 3．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使在搬回美国的时候，Urbonya的父母也用中国电视剧来保持她的中文能力。A. keep up坚持，维持；B. hold up支撑，支持，举起；C. take up开始从事（某项活动）；D. wrap up总结，概括。根据上文“Urbonya’s parents used Chinese TV dramas to (Urbonya的父母也通过中国电视剧来)”可知，Urbonya的父母也通过中国电视剧来提高她的中文能力。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2011年，带着激情的种子，她回到中国，在北京师范大学学习中国舞蹈。A. delivered投递，运送；B. brought带来；C. forced强迫；D. flashed闪现。根据本句“studying Chinese dance in Beijing Normal University. (在北京师范大学学习中国舞蹈)”可知，她回到中国。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常用毯子裹住我的肩膀，假装我是一个古老的中国公主，”她说。A. celebrating庆祝；B. demanding要求；C. guaranteeing保证；D. pretending假装。根据本句“I often cover my shoulder with a blanket (我经常用毯子裹住我的肩膀)”可知，Urbonya经常用毯子盖住自己的肩膀，假装自己是一个古老的中国公主。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实现这一梦想的机会出现在2020年。A. achieve达到，取得；B. appreciate欣赏；C. imagine想象；D. establish建立。根据后句“when a TV show had Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide ___7___ and is winning recognition in the world. (一个电视节目让Urbonya去参加汉服节。“汉服具有广泛的吸引力，正在赢得世界的认可)”可知，Urbonya的梦想变为现实。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一个电视节目让Urbonya去参加汉服节时。“汉服具有广泛的吸引力，正在赢得世界的认可。A. appeal呼吁；B. exposure暴露，接触；C. admiration赞美，欣赏；D. devotion挚爱，忠诚。根据本句“is winning recognition in the world. (正在赢得世界的认可)”可知，汉服具有广泛的吸引力。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有了完整的汉服体验，然后我意识到汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。A. proposed建议；B. indicated指出；显示；C. realized意识到；D. proved证明。根据本句“hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese___9___ to the present, ”she said. (汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式)”可知，Urbonya意识到汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有了完整的汉服体验，然后我意识到汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。A. faith信念；B. history历史；C. values价值；D. virtues美德。根据上句“Hanfu has wide ___7___ and is winning recognition in the world (汉服具有广泛的吸引力)”汉服是中国悠久的历史文化的代表，可知，汉服文化是一种将中国文化带到现代的新方式。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回忆说，10年前上大学时，穿汉服是很少见的事，她只能买定制的汉服。A. memorized记住；B. declared宣布，声明；C. reminded提醒；D. recalled回忆。根据本句“10 years ago when she was in college (10年前她上大学时)”可知，这是她回忆十年前的事情。故选D。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她回忆说，10年前上大学时，穿汉服是很少见的事，她只能买定制的汉服。A. popular流行的；B. rare少见的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. crucial重要的。根据后文“she could only buy custom-made hanfu”只能买定制的汉服说明当时很少见。故选B。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“如果我穿着汉服走在街上，人们可能会好奇地问，为什么这个外国人穿着古装走在街上？”A. ridiculously可笑地；荒谬地；B. seriously严肃地；C. casually随意地；D. curiously好奇地。根据本句“Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?(为什么这个外国人穿着古装走在街上？)”可知，人们对于Urbonya穿汉服的事情很好奇。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她已经把汉服融入了自己的日常穿着，并且可以在网上购买不同风格的汉服。A. folded折叠；B. included包含；C. replaced代替；D. created创造。根据本句“in her everyday wear (自己的日常穿着)”可知，现在她已经把汉服融入了自己的日常穿着。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，她已经把汉服融入了自己的日常穿着，并且可以在网上购买不同风格的汉服。A. ranges范围；B. models模型；模式；C. sizes尺寸；D. styles风格。根据“purchase (购买)”以及“online (在网上)”可知，Urbonya可以在网上购买不同风格的汉服。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我很高兴能成为一名汉服文化爱好者，我希望能让中国以外的人更容易接触到汉服。”A. reliable可靠的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. accessible可接近的；D. reasonable合理的。根据本句“those outside of China (中国以外的人)”可知，Urbonya希望能让中国以外的人更容易接触到汉服。故选C。 Close（4） 【河南省信阳市2024-2025学年普通高中高三上学期第二次教学质量检测】Lottie Mills, a student at the University of Cambridge, won the BBC Young Writers’ Award and she was congratulated for her 21 “The Changeling” at the virtual award ceremony. It was an inspiring story. Upset about how difference is described in some novels, particularly when it comes to disability, Lottie was inspired by “otherhood” (另类教育) and aimed to advocate a 22 state of mind. “The Changeling” transformed a myth (神话) into a magical and wonderful tale of a girl’s powerful 23 . Lotti e said, “As a disabled person, my stories quite often focus on ideas of otherhood, based on characters who are 24 by their society in some way or another.” She felt a strong 25 to challenge these social standards through her writing. “I had been researching fairy-related myths for a university essay and when I came across the idea of “changeling”, it really 26 in my mind. I really wanted to write a story which would show the 27 of disabled people, rather than describe them as disadvantaged.” Her determination to 28 that description was firm. Now Lottie is writing her first novel, a children’ s book. Knowing how 29 the right story can be, she desires to become an author, hoping to 30 young readers with her tales. Lotti e won fierce competition over four finalists. Kate Thistleton, BBC Radio RI presenter and one of the Young Writers’ Award judges, said, “We were 31 by ‘The Changeling’. It’ s simply beautiful. I love the way it uses fairy myth to tell a story from difference and disability to 32 . I’m so happy Lottie won and is considering a job as an author after being 33 by the Young Writers’ Award.” Her win is a 34 for all ambitious writers, especially those who, like Lottie, may feel like 35 in society.” 21．A．report B．essay C．poem D．work 22．A．neutral B．negative C．positive D．passive 23．A．growth B．balance C．habit D．hobby 24．A．accepted B．welcomed C．supported D．deserted 25．A．fear B．hesitation C．responsibility D．agreement 26．A．stuck B．disappeared C．occurred D．hurt 27．A．weaknesses B．disabilities C．advantages D．nervousness 28．A．promote B．change C．maintain D．ignore 29．A．life-saving B．life-threatening C．life-disturbing D．life-changing 30．A．inspire B．entertain C．annoy D．challenge 31．A．taken B．carried C．impressed D．refused 32．A．willingness B．rejection C．complaint D．acceptance 33．A．confused B．motivated C．discouraged D．disappointed 34．A．routine B．model C．task D．loss 35．A．outsiders B．insiders C．pioneers D．leaders 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．B 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剑桥大学的学生Lottie Mills获得了BBC青年作家奖，在网上颁奖典礼上，她凭借《The Changeling》获得了人们的祝贺。文章介绍了她创造这本小说的灵感来源以及评委对她和这部小说的评价。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学的学生洛蒂·米尔斯获得了BBC青年作家奖，她的作品《The Changeling》在虚拟颁奖典礼上获得了祝贺。A. report报告；B. essay论文；C. poem诗歌；D. work作品。根据上文“Lottie Mills, a student at the University of Cambridge, won the BBC Young Writers’ Award”以及后文“It was an inspiring story.(这是一个鼓舞人心的故事)”可知，《The Changeling》是她的作品，她因此获奖。故选D。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洛蒂对一些小说中对差异的描述感到不安，尤其是当涉及到残疾时，她受到“他人”的启发，旨在倡导一种积极的心态。A. neutral中立的；B. negative消极的；C. positive积极的；D. passive被动的。根据上文“It was an inspiring story.(这是一个鼓舞人心的故事)”可知，她倡导积极的心态。故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：《The Changeling》将一个神话变成了一个女孩强大成长的神奇而精彩的故事。A. growth成长；B. balance平衡；C. habit爱好；D. hobby爱好。根据上文““The Changeling” transformed a myth into a magical and wonderful tale of a girl’s powerful”可知，这里指这部作品将一个神话变成了一个女孩强大成长的神奇而精彩的故事。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：洛蒂说：“作为一个残疾人，我的故事经常关注他人的想法，基于那些被社会以这样或那样的方式抛弃的人物。”A. accepted接受；B. welcomed欢迎；C. supported支持；D. deserted抛弃。根据上文“As a disabled person”和“by their society in some way or another”可知，她作为一个残疾人，关注的也是被社会抛弃的人物。故选D。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她感到有强烈的责任通过她的写作来挑战这些社会标准。A. fear恐惧；B. hesitation犹豫；C. responsibility责任；D. agreement协议。根据后文“of disabled people, rather than describe them as disadvantaged”可知，她想要展示残疾人的优势，而不是把他们描述成弱势群体，因为她感到有强烈的责任通过她的写作来挑战这些社会标准。故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为了写一篇大学论文，我一直在研究与童话有关的神话，当我偶然发现‘低能者’这个概念时，它就在我脑海里挥之不去。A. stuck打击；B. disappeared消失；C. occurred发生；D. hurt伤害。根据上文“the idea of “changeling”, it really”以及后文“in my mind”可知，这里指某人突然想到某事，应用动词strike。故选A。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很想写一个故事，展示残疾人的优势，而不是把他们描述成弱势群体。A. weaknesses弱点；B. disabilities残疾；C. advantages优点；D. nervousness紧张。根据后文“of disabled people, rather than describe them as disadvantaged”可知，故事展示残疾人的优势，而不是把他们描述成弱势群体。故选C。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她改变这种描述的决心是坚定的。A. promote促进；B. change改变；C. maintain维持；D. ignore忽视。根据上文“of disabled people, rather than describe them as disadvantaged”以及后文“that description was firm”可知，她改变这种描述的决心是坚定的。故选B。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道正确的故事可以改变人生，她渴望成为一名作家，希望用她的故事激励年轻读者。A. life-saving拯救生命的；B. life-threatening威胁生命的；C. life-disturbing生活令人不安的；D. life-changing改变人生的。根据上文“It was an inspiring story.(这是一个鼓舞人心的故事)”以及后文“the right story can be”可知，正确的故事可以改变人生。故选D。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道正确的故事可以改变人生，她渴望成为一名作家，希望用她的故事激励年轻读者。A. inspire鼓舞，激励；B. entertain娱乐；C. annoy惹恼；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“she desires to become an author, hoping to”可知，她渴望成为一名作家，希望用她的故事激励年轻读者。故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：英国广播公司电台RI节目主持人、青年作家奖评委之一凯特·西斯尔顿说：“《低能者》给我们留下了深刻的印象。”A. taken带走；B. carried携带；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. refused拒绝。根据后文“It’ s simply beautiful. I love the way it uses fairy myth to tell a story from difference and disability to”可知，故事给他们留下了深刻印象。故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢它用童话故事的方式来讲述从差异和残疾到接受的故事。A. willingness愿意；B. rejection拒绝；C. complaint投诉；D. acceptance接受。根据上文以及“I love the way it uses fairy myth to tell a story from difference and disability to”可知，这是一个鼓舞人心的故事，所以讲述的是从差异和残疾到接受的故事。故选D。 33．考查激励词义辨析。句意：我很高兴洛蒂获奖，并且在受到青年作家奖的激励后，她正在考虑成为一名作家。A. confused使困惑；B. motivated激励；C. discouraged使沮丧；D. disappointed使失望。根据上文“Lottie won and is considering a job as an author after being”可知，这里指受到青年作家奖的激励后，她正在考虑成为一名作家。故选B。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的获奖为所有雄心勃勃的作家树立了榜样，尤其是那些像洛蒂一样在社会中感觉自己是局外人的作家。A. routine常规；B. model榜样，模型；C. task任务；D. loss损失。根据后文“for all ambitious writers”可知，她为其他作家树立了榜样。故选B。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的获奖为所有雄心勃勃的作家树立了榜样，尤其是那些像洛蒂一样在社会中感觉自己是局外人的作家。A. outsiders局外人；B. insiders内部人员；C. pioneers先锋；D. leaders领导。根据上文“As a disabled person”、“by their society in some way or another”可知，洛蒂是残疾人，被社会抛弃，而她的获奖为所有雄心勃勃的作家树立了榜样，尤其是那些像洛蒂一样在社会中感觉自己是局外人的作家。故选A。 Close（5） 【山东省实验中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】China’s space exploration has once again achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese, marking the beginning of a new 41 in China’s space journey. The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 42 for this important mission with its impressive appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 43 training. At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 44 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 45 the astronauts’ progress through live broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 46 China’s ability to compete with the world’s leading space agencies. During the mission, the astronauts will have 47 tasks to accomplish. They will 48 scientific experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 49 of Earth from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 50 its mission after six months in space. The success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts. Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 51 and push the boundaries of human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 52 , China is sure to make greater achievements in the future. The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 53 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 54 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 55 nation. 41．A．framework B．chapter C．mode D．platform 42．A．option B．combination C．location D．definition 43．A．dramatic B．appealing C．flexible D．demanding 44．A．beating B．sinking C．racing D．melting 45．A．followed B．documented C．monitored D．noticed 46．A．facilitated B．identified C．clarified D．demonstrated 47．A．multiple B．urgent C．physical D．risky 48．A．draw on B．carry out C．bring up D．deal with 49．A．images B．fields C．sights D．figures 50．A．summarize B．occupy C．interrupt D．complete 51．A．wonder B．innovate C．sustain D．apply 52．A．expansion B．background C．introduction D．competence 53．A．reminder B．warning C．operation D．factor 54．A．refer B．limits C．absorbs D．connects 55．A．humble B．powerful C．reliable D．generous 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国神舟19号飞船成功发射及其影响，这标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船的发射对所有中国人来说都是一个难忘的时刻，标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始。A. framework框架；B. chapter篇章；C. mode模式；D. platform平台。结合语境以及最后一段中“It marks a new era in China’s space exploration(这标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代)”可知，神舟19号飞船的发射标志着中国太空旅程新篇章的开始，故选B。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：长征二号F火箭以其令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术成为这项重要任务的完美选择，宇航员们接受了严格的训练。A. option选择；B. combination结合；C. location位置；D. definition定义。结合“with its impressive appearance and stable technology”可知，长征二号F火箭拥有令人印象深刻的外观和稳定的技术，故被这次任务选中作为运载火箭，故选A。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dramatic戏剧性的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. flexible灵活的；D. demanding要求极严的。空处修饰名词“training”，宇航员们应是接受严格的训练，故选D。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在零秒的时候，随着每个人的心跳加速，火箭飞向天空，留下了一条火和烟的痕迹。A. beating打败；B. sinking沉没；C. racing加速；D. melting融化。根据“the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and smoke”可知，火箭发射时刻，大家应是因紧张、激动等心跳加速，故选C。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到地球后，人们在电视上观看发射，并通过直播跟踪航天员的进展。A. followed跟随，关注，密切注视；B. documented记录；C. monitored监视；D. noticed注意到。根据“the astronauts’ progress”可知，此处指火箭发射后通过跟踪了解航天员们的进展，故选A。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：航天器的成功发射和运行证明了中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力。A. facilitated促进；B. identified识别，确认；C. clarified澄清；D. demonstrated证明。结合主语“The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft”和宾语“China’s ability”可知，这次成功证明了中国的能力，故选D。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在执行任务期间，宇航员将有多项任务要完成。A. multiple多种多样的；B. urgent紧急的；C. physical身体的，物质的；D. risky有风险的。根据“They will ___8___ scientific experiments and prepare for future missions.”可知，宇航员将有多项任务要完成，故选A。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们将进行科学实验，为未来的任务做准备。A. draw on利用，凭借；B. carry out履行，实施；C. bring up养育；D. deal with处理。根据空后“scientific experiments”可知，此处指做实验，carry out experiments“做实验”，故选B。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还将花时间从太空欣赏地球的美景。A. images图片；B. fields领域；C. sights风景；D. figures数字，人物。结合“enjoy”以及“of Earth from space”可知，此处指从太空欣赏地球的风景，故选C。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号飞船预计将在太空中飞行6个月后完成任务。A. summarize总结；B. occupy占据；C. interrupt打断；D. complete完成。根据“after six months in space”可知，此处指6个月后完成任务，故选D。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2003年以来，通过每一次新的任务，中国都展示了其创新能力和推动人类知识边界的能力。A. wonder想知道；B. innovate创新，改革；C. sustain维持；D. apply申请，运用。根据“push the boundaries of human knowledge”可知，此处指创新能力，故选B。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借强大的科技实力，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就。A. expansion扩大；B. background背景；C. introduction介绍；D. competence能力。根据“China is sure to make greater achievements in the future”可知，中国在未来一定会取得更大的成就，推知中国应是具备强大的科技实力，故选D。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：神舟19号任务不断提醒人们中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力。A. reminder提醒；B. warning警告；C. operation操作，手术；D. factor因素。根据“of China’s growing influence in space exploration”可知，神舟19号任务不断提醒人们，中国在太空探索领域日益增长的影响力，故选A。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它标志着中国太空探索进入了一个新时代，吸引了世界对中国发展的关注。A. refer提到，查阅；B. limits限制；C. absorbs吸引；D. connects连接。结合“the world’s attention to the country’s development”可知，此处指中国的发展吸引了世界的关注，故选C。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着中国的不断进步，我们可以想象这个强大国家的未来。A. humble谦逊的；B. powerful强大的；C. reliable可靠的；D. generous慷慨的。结合上文“ The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 13 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 14 the world’s attention to the country’s development. ”且文章多次提到中国与世界领先航天机构竞争的能力和中国的科技实力等可知，此处指这个强大的国家，故选B。 Close（6） 【2025届河南部分高中青桐鸣大联考2024-2025学年高三下学期开学】At a recent holiday gathering, I sat behind a row of parents watching dozens of 9-year-olds in ties and beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride. Each of the parents had a 61 in hand, carefully and seriously recording the 62 . They were working so hard to ensure they didn’t 63 anything — and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out. Childhood is 64 . This performance or soccer game will never come again. So I understand the 65 to capture (捕捉) everything. Parents have long sought ways to 66 time as their kids grow, starting with baby books containing footprints and locks of hair. We 67 report cards, Halloween poems, and gold-starred spelling tests. And of course we have taken photos and videos. Yet the more I see parents 68 reaching for their phones, the more I come to believe that when we turn our kids into the subjects of our personal documentaries, we 69 losing an opportunity to really 70 our children. So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your phone away. Keep your eyes on your 71 , who will be looking for you. Wait for them to 72 you in the audience. Maybe they’ll light up. Maybe they’ll cover their face in 73 . Either way, this is the 74 moment: the minute they will know that you really 75 them. 61．A．notebook B．camera C．phone D．computer 62．A．issue B．event C．view D．story 63．A．forget B．ignore C．leave D．miss 64．A．boring B．lonely C．tough D．short 65．A．power B．ability C．urge D．chance 66．A．stop B．freeze C．spend D．waste 67．A．save B．fill C．take D．write 68．A．dramatically B．automatically C．rarely D．patiently 69．A．risk B．appreciate C．avoid D．mind 70．A．connect with B．take control of C．contribute to D．get rid of 71．A．friend B．teacher C．partner D．child 72．A．pick B．hear C．follow D．spot 73．A．embarrassment B．pride C．anger D．excitement 74．A．brief B．meaningful C．quiet D．historic 75．A．respect B．judge C．see D．criticize 【答案】61．C 62．B 63．D 64．D 65．C 66．B 67．A 68．B 69．A 70．A 71．D 72．D 73．A 74．B 75．C 【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过描述在节日聚会上观察到父母们用手机记录孩子表演的现象，引出了关于父母如何与孩子真正建立联系的讨论。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家长手里都拿着手机，仔细认真地记录着这一活动。A. notebook笔记本；B. camera相机；C. phone手机；D. computer电脑。根据后文“So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your phone away.”可知，每个家长手里拿着手机在记录。故选C项。 62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个家长手里都拿着手机，仔细认真地记录着这一活动。A. issue问题；B. event活动；C. view观点；D. story故事。根据前文“At a recent holiday gathering, I sat behind a row of parents watching dozens of 9-year-olds in ties and beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride.”可知，是孩子们打着领带，穿着漂亮的裙子唱着Sleigh Ride，这是一个活动。故选B项。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常努力地记录，以确保他们没有错过任何东西——然而我担心他们实际上错过了什么。A. forget忘记；B. ignore忽视；C. leave离开；D. miss错过。根据后文“and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out”可知，作者担心实际上他们错过了什么，和空处为转折关系，所以此处是确保他们没有错过任何东西。故选D项。 64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：童年是短暂的。A. boring无聊的；B. lonely孤独的；C. tough艰难的；D. short短暂的。根据后文“This performance or soccer game will never come again.”可知，这种表演或足球比赛不会再来了，因为童年是短暂的。故选D项。 65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我理解那种想要捕捉一切的冲动。A. power力量；B. ability能力；C. urge冲动；D. chance机会。根据前文“Childhood is 　　　　4　　　　.”可知，孩子童年短暂，所以父母有想要捕捉一切的冲动。故选C项。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，父母们一直在寻找让孩子成长的时间凝固的方法，从包含脚印和头发的婴儿书籍开始。A. stop停止；B. freeze冻结；C. spend花费；D. waste浪费。根据后文“starting with baby books containing footprints and locks of hair. We 　　　　7　　　　 report cards, Halloween poems, and gold-starred spelling tests. And of course we have taken photos and videos.”可知，这些都是各个童年时刻留下的纪念，目的是希望让孩子成长的时间凝固。故选B项。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们保存成绩单、万圣节诗歌和金星拼写测试。A. save保存；B. fill填充；C. take拿走；D. write写。根据前文“starting with baby books containing footprints and locks of hair.”可知，此处是描述父母留下孩子各个时期的物品，所以应是保存成绩单、万圣节诗歌和金星拼写测试。故选A项。 68．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我越是看到父母下意识地拿起手机，我就越相信，当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。A. dramatically戏剧性地；B. automatically自动地；C. rarely很少；D. patiently耐心地。根据后文“reaching for their phones”结合前文内容和选项可知，父母总是下意识地拿起手机去纪录孩子。故选B项。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我越是看到父母下意识地拿起手机，我就越相信，当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。A. risk冒险；B. appreciate欣赏；C. avoid避免；D. mind介意。根据前文“and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out”可知，作者担心当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。故选A项。 70．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我越是看到父母下意识地拿起手机，我就越相信，当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。A. connect with与……联系；B. take control of控制；C. contribute to贡献；D. get rid of摆脱。根据前文“and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out”可知，作者担心当我们把孩子变成我们个人纪录片的主题时，我们可能会失去与孩子真正联系的机会。故选A项。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：留意你的孩子，他会找你的。A. friend朋友；B. teacher老师；C. partner伙伴；D. child孩子。根据前文“So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your phone away.”可知，应是孩子们的比赛和生日聚会，所以留意您的孩子。故选D项。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：等着他们在观众中认出你来。A. pick挑选；B. hear听到；C. follow跟随；D. spot发现。根据前文“who will be looking for you.”可知，孩子会寻找父母，所以是等着他们在观众中认出你来。故选D项。 73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许他们会尴尬地捂着脸。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. pride自豪；C. anger愤怒；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文“Maybe they’ll cover their face”可知，孩子捂着脸，应是感到害羞尴尬。故选A项。 74．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，这都是有意义的时刻：他们会知道你真的在看他们。A. brief简短的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. quiet安静的；D. historic历史性的。根据后文“the minute they will know that you really 　　　　15　　　　 them.”可知，孩子们知道你是在看他们，这应是有意义的时刻。故选B项。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，这都是有意义的时刻：他们会知道你真的在看他们。A. respect尊重；B. judge判断；C. see看见；D. criticize批评。根据前文“Keep your eyes on your 　　　　11　　　　”可知，应是看孩子们。故选C项。 Close（7） 【2024届广东省佛山市禅城区高三下学期统一调研测试（二）】When I was seven, my father gave me a watch, Timex. It was my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped clicking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t 81 one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these 82 tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty 83 ; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. But while the 84 men have realized that they don’t need them, others 85 are spending total fortunes on them. Brands (品牌) such as Rolex and Philippe command shocking 86 , up to £250,000 for a piece. This is 87 . These days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra 88 but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your 89 in the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things? If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have 90 when the Japanese discovered how to 91 accurate watches for a five-pound note. Watches are now categorized as “investments”. A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £15,000 to £30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a(n) 92 for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up. But when fashion moves on, the 93 of that £350,000 beauty will 94 find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my 95 Timex. 81．A．own B．wear C．choose D．need 82．A．devices B．phones C．watches D．friends 83．A．minds B．wrists C．bags D．hands 84．A．young B．sensitive C．proud D．wise 85．A．regularly B． apparently C．generously D．usually 86．A．prices B．salaries C．operations D．applications 87．A．unexpected B．fashionable C．silly D．reasonable 88．A．functions B．charges C．operations D．applications 89．A．interest B．direction C．courage D．fortune 90．A．come up B．brightened up C．closed down D．moved on 91．A．appreciate B．set C．promote D．make 92．A．toy B．memory C．reward D．invention 93．A．designer B．admirer C．producer D．owner 94．A．originally B．suddenly C．particularly D．constantly 95．A．priceless B．pocket C．childhood D．poor 【答案】81．D 82．A 83．B 84．D 85．B 86．A 87．C 88．A 89．B 90．C 91．D 92．A 93．D 94．B 95．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了手表在现代社会中的功能变化和市场趋势。作者首先提到自己小时候对父亲给的手表的喜爱，并指出由于现代通讯设备的普及，人们不再需要手表来看时间。然而，高端手表作为奢侈品和投资品，价格高昂且销量不减。文章最后指出，手表本质上是一种满足自我满足和时尚需求的物品，而非真正的投资品。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么？因为我不需要手表。A. own拥有；B. wear穿戴；C. choose选择；D. need需要。根据后文“I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that.”可知，我有一部手机，我总是和一个有iPod或类似设备的人在一起，因此我不需要手表了，故选D。 82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些设备都显示时间——这就是为什么如果你环顾四周，你会看到很多空手腕。A. devices设备；B. phones手机；C. watches手表；D. friends朋友。根据前文“I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that.”可知，我有一部手机，我总是和一个有iPod或类似设备的人在一起，故此处指所有这些设备都显示时间，故选A。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. minds意识；B. wrists手腕；C. bags书包；D. hands手。根据空前“All these 　　2　　 tell the time”可知，所有的这些设备都可以告诉我时间，故说明大家都不带手表了，因此会看到很多不带手表的空手腕，故选B。 84．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管明智的人已经意识到他们不需要它们，但其他人显然在它们身上花费了全部财富。A. young年轻的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. proud自豪的；D. wise明智的。根据空后“have realized that they don’t need them”可知，电子设备都能告诉他们时间，一些人已经意识到他们不需要手表了，他们是明智的，故选D。 85．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. regularly有规律的；B. apparently明显的；C. generously大方的；D. usually通常。根据空后“Brands (品牌) such as Rolex and Philippe command shocking 　　6　　, up to £250,000 for a piece.”可知，劳力士和翡丽等品牌拥有令人震惊的价格，每件高达25万英镑，故此处指很显然，其他人在它们身上花了全部财富，故选B。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：劳力士和翡丽等品牌拥有令人震惊的价格，每件高达25万英镑。A. prices价格；B. salaries工资；C. operations手术；D. applications申请。根据空后“up to £250,000 for a piece”，可知劳力士和翡丽等品牌拥有令人震惊的价格，每件高达25万英镑，故选A。 87．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是很愚蠢的。A. unexpected难以预料的；B. fashionable时尚的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“These days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches.”可知，现在所有的手表都像其他手表一样报时，故买25万英镑的手表是非常愚蠢的，故选C。 88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：昂贵的手表有额外的功能，但是谁需要它们呢? A. functions功能；B. charges要价；C. operations手术；D. applications申请。根据后文“How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your 　　9　　 in the South Pole?”可知，后文提出问题，你多久潜入300米深的海底一次？或者又是多久一次需要在南极找到你的方向呢？这些都是昂贵的手表附加的防水和指南功能，故选A。 89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你多久潜入300米深的海底一次？或者又是多久一次需要在南极找到你的方向呢？A. interest兴趣；B. direction方向；C. courage勇气；D. fortune运气。根据空后“in the South Pole”可知，此处指需要用昂贵手表的额外功能在南极找到方向，故选B。 90．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果正义得到伸张，当日本人发现如何用一张5英镑的钞票制造精确的手表时，瑞士钟表业应该已经倒闭了。A. come up出现；B. brightened up照亮；C. closed down关门；D. moved on继续前进。根据空后“when the Japanese discovered how to 　　11　　 accurate watches for a five-pound note.”可知，当日本人发现如何用一张5英镑的钞票制造精确的手表时，瑞士钟表业应该已经倒闭了，故选C。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. appreciate感激；B. set设置；C. promote提升；D. make制造。根据空后“accurate watches for a five-pound note”可，知当日本人发现如何用一张5英镑的钞票制造精确的手表时，瑞士钟表业应该已经倒闭了，故选D。 92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种自我满足的玩具，是一种时尚。A. toy玩具；B. memory记忆；C. reward奖励；D. invention发明。根据前文“But a watch is not an investment.”和下文“for self-satisfaction”可知，手表不是投资，而是一种自我满足的玩具，是一种时尚，故选A。 93．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时尚的发展，这位拥有35万英镑美表的主人会突然发现，他的骄傲和快乐并不比我童年时代的Timex更值得投资。A. designer设计师；B. admirer崇拜者；C. producer生产者；D. owner拥有者。根据前文“It’s a(n) 　　12　　 for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion.”可知，花35万英镑买一块的翡丽手表是一种自我满足，是一种时尚，故此处指花了35万英镑买翡丽手表的主人，故选D。 94．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. originally最初地；B. suddenly突然；C. particularly尤其；D. constantly持续地。根据上文“when fashion moves on”空后“find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my 　　15　　 Timex.”可知，这位拥有35万英镑美表的主人会突然发现，他的骄傲和快乐并不比我童年时代的Timex更值得投资，故选B。 95．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. priceless无价的；B. pocket口袋；C. childhood童年；D. poor贫穷的。根据前文“When I was seven, my father gave me a watch, Timex.”可知，我七岁时，父亲给了我一块手表Timex，故此处指他的骄傲和快乐并不比我童年时代的Timex更值得投资，故选C。 Close（8） 【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.” However, as I grew older, I 101 the toxicity (毒性) behind this notion. Pursuing our dreams is not always easy due to various 102 . For instance, I 103 to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows. Later, my dream 104 to becoming a manga editor, but I faced 105 like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams. Though there is hope, considering many celebrities started from humble beginnings, achieving dreams remains 106 . As someone who once had ambitious aspirations, these “chase your dreams” speeches gave me 107 hope. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyone can 108 whatever they desire simply by wishing for it. 109 , reality tells us otherwise. I am not trying to be 110 , but rather realistic. Growing older has taught me that some dreams are meant to stay as dreams. Nonetheless, I am grateful that my dream of becoming a singer did not materialize. I have found other passions — writing and editing — and 111 pursued them as a career through college. I have no regrets about this path. If we do not 112 exactly where we want to be, it is alright. Life sometimes presents obstacles that 113 us from choosing our first preference for the future. Our dreams may not always be 114 , but that does not mean good things are not in store for us. Life often takes us on different paths. Do not lose hope, for you have a bright future ahead, 115 the choices you make. 101．A．worried B．changed C．realized D．controlled 102．A．barriers B．shelters C．excuses D．thoughts 103．A．failed B．agreed C．used D．desired 104．A．focused B．shifted C．continued D．happened 105．A．efforts B．challenges C．demands D．choices 106．A．straightforward B．common C．complicated D．rare 107．A．false B．true C．great D．special 108．A．confirm B．appreciate C．accomplish D．distribute 109．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Furthermore 110．A．optimistic B．pessimistic C．energetic D．enthusiastic 111．A．unexpectedly B．unavoidably C．uneventfully D．unnecessarily 112．A．come up B．turn up C．set up D．end up 113．A．save B．protect C．prevent D．guard 114．A．comfortable B．attainable C．bearable D．adjustable 115．A．instead of B．in terms of C．by means of D．regardless of 【答案】101．C 102．A 103．D 104．B 105．B 106．D 107．A 108．C 109．C 110．B 111．A 112．D 113．C 114．B 115．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了作者随着年龄的增长，意识到名人演讲传递了错误的思想，暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。 101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我意识到这种观念背后的害处。A. worried担心；B. changed改变；C. realized意识到；D. controlled控制。根据上文“I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.”(我曾经发现，当名人鼓励人们“追逐梦想”时，颁奖典礼上的演讲很鼓舞人心)”以及后文“the toxicity behind this notion”指作者开始意识到这种观念背后的害处。故选C。 102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各种各样的障碍，追求我们的梦想并不总是容易的。A. barriers障碍；B. shelters避难所；C. excuses借口；D. thoughts想法。根据上文“Pursuing our dreams is not always easy”可知，追求梦想不容易是因为各种障碍的原因。故选A。 103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我想成为一名歌手，但缺乏经济手段来试镜比赛节目。A. failed失败；B. agreed同意；C. used使用；D. desired渴望。根据上文“Pursuing our dreams”以及后文“to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows”指作者想要成为歌手，但是缺乏经济手段来试镜比赛节目。故选D。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的梦想变成了成为一名漫画编辑，但我面临着语言障碍、旅行费用和难考等挑战。A. focused集中；B. shifted转换，变成；C. continued继续；D. happened发生。根据后文“to becoming a manga editor”指作者成为歌手的梦想，变成了成为漫画编辑。故选B。 105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的梦想变成了成为一名漫画编辑，但我面临着语言障碍、旅行费用和难考等挑战。A. efforts努力；B. challenges挑战；C. demands要求；D. choices选择。后文“like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams”语言障碍、旅行费用和难考是作者面临的挑战。故选B。 106．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有希望，但考虑到许多名人都是白手起家的，实现梦想的人仍然很少。A. straightforward直接的；B. common共同的；C. complicated复杂的；D. rare少有的。根据上文“Though there is hope”中though表示转折，说明尽管有希望，但考虑到许多名人都是白手起家的，实现梦想的人仍然很少。故选D。 107．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个曾经雄心勃勃的人，这些“追逐你的梦想”的演讲给了我虚假的希望。A. false虚假的；B. true真的；C. great伟大的；D. special特别的。上文提到实现梦想的人仍然很少，所以此处指演讲给了作者虚假的希望，故选A。 108．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我反对这样的名人演讲，因为他们暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。A. confirm确认；B. appreciate感激；C. accomplish实现；D. distribute分配。根据后文“whatever they desire simply by wishing for it”指名人演讲暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。故选C。 109．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现实告诉我们并非如此。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Furthermore此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 110．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不是要悲观，而是要现实一点。A. optimistic乐观的；B. pessimistic消极的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“but rather realistic”可知，作者这么说是出于现实，而不是悲观。故选B。 111．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我还发现了其他的爱好——写作和编辑——并出人意料地在大学里把它们作为职业来追求。A. unexpectedly意外地；B. unavoidably不可避免地；C. uneventfully太平无事地；D. unnecessarily不必要地。根据后文“pursued them as a career through college”可知，指作者把写作和编辑意外作为职业追求。故选A。 112．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们没有完全到达我们想要到达的地方，那也没关系。A. come up接近；B. turn up出现；C. set up建立；D. end up结束。根据后文“exactly where we want to be, it is alright”可知，此处指道路最后没能让作者最终到达想要到达的地方，故选D。 113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活有时会出现障碍，阻止我们为未来选择第一偏好。A. save挽救；B. protect保护；C. prevent阻止；D. guard守卫。根据上文“Life sometimes presents obstacles”指障碍会阻止人们为未来选择第一偏好。故选C。 114．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的梦想可能并不总是可以实现的，但这并不意味着好事不在等着我们。A. comfortable舒服的；B. attainable可获得的；C. bearable可忍受的；D. adjustable可调节的。根据后文“but that does not mean good things are not in store for us”中but表示转折，说明梦想并不总是可以实现的，但这并不意味着好事不在等着我们。故选B。 115．考查介词短语辨析。句意：不要失去希望，因为不管你做出什么样的选择，你都有一个光明的未来。A. instead of而不是；B. in terms of就……而言；C. by means of通过；D. regardless of不管。根据上文“for you have a bright future ahead”以及后文“the choices you make”指不管做出什么样的选择，你都有一个光明的未来。故选D。 Close（1） 【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment 19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important 20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name 23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student 24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce 26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education 【解题导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。 16.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C项。 17.A【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A项。 18.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. doubt怀疑；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out 　　　2　　 he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。 19.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. reasonable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. absolute完全的，绝对的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。 20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。 21.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。 22.B【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf代表我；B. on my part就我来说；C. in my honor以我的名誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选B项。 23.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. long-distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。 24.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of a ____8____ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。 25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. compare对比；C. adjust调整； D. introduce介绍。根据下文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。 26.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。 27.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。 28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。 29.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。 30.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情；B. determination决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。 31.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。 32.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。 33.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D项。 34.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。 35.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. personality个性；C. communication交流；D. education教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。 Close（2） 【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment 19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important 20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name 23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student 24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce 26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education 【解题导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。 16.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C项。 17.A【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A项。 18.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. doubt怀疑；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out 　　　2　　 he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。 19.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. reasonable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. absolute完全的，绝对的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。 20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。 21.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ____7____”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。 22.B【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf代表我；B. on my part就我来说；C. in my honor以我的名誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选B项。 23.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. long-distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。 24.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of a ____8____ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。 25.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. compare对比；C. adjust调整； D. introduce介绍。根据下文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。 26.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。 27.D【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ____13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。 28.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。 29.C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。 30.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情；B. determination决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。 31.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。 32.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。 33.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D项。 34.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。 35.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. personality个性；C. communication交流；D. education教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。 Close（3） 【2016年上海卷】In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work. In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers. Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot. A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less. Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them. 51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike 52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme 53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise 54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above 55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging 56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply 57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression 58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male 59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing 60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating 61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared 62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally 63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure 64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene 65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness 【答案】51. D    52. A    53. B    54. D    55. C    56. B    57. A    58. D    59. A    60. C  61. B    62. B    63. D    64. A    65. C    【解析】试题分析：本文是说明文，介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论——授权管理及其作用。 51.D 考查动词辨析。根据后半句＂....will do anything to avoid it＂可知人们本能上不喜欢工作，他们为逃避工作可以做任何事情。故D项正确。 52.A 考查名词辨析。to the contrary相反的；to the degree在某种程度上；to the extreme走向极端。此处是说，无论如何，尽管很多证据与这个理论相反，很多管理人仍然同意X理论。故A项正确。 53.B由后面的例子他们认为如果要员工效率高，就需要给与他们不断的监督可知此处是举例说明。故B项正确。 54.D 考查副词辨析。根据后句可知，此处是说，他们的决定是来自上而下的，没有任何商量的余地。故D项＂above上面的＂正确。 55.C 考查动词辨析。根据前段可知本文讨论的是管理学的理论，此处是说，不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法。故C项正确。 56.B 考查动词短语辨析。refer to提到，谈到；contribute to做贡献；导致；object to反对；apply to适用于。此处是说，亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求对管理的过程作出自己的贡献。故B项正确。 57.A 考查名词辨析。agreement同意；practice练习，做法；election选举；impression印象。此处是说，亚洲人使用协商式的管理方法，这种方法是建立在共同协商基础之上的，西方人也想模仿这样的管理方法。故A项正确。 58.D 考查形容词辨析。根据前半句＂....women will become more effective managers than men....＂可知有些专家认为女性比男性管理更高效。因为女性更有亲和力，比男性管理人更容易与别人达成一致的目标。故D项正确。 59.A 考查动词辨析。根据前句＂... encourage employees to use their own initiative... ＂（鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神），也就是说在作出决定的时候不用先请示上级经理。故A项正确。 60.C 考查动词辨析。根据＂the trend towards downsizing＂（缩小规模的趋势）可知，也就是要减少管理层的数量，可以直接做出决定而不需要请示上级。故动词＂reduce减少＂符合语境。 61.B 考查形容词短语。be honored with被授予；be left with留下，剩下；be crowded with挤满；be compared with与……相比；通过这种方法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人。省略了很多中央环节，提高了管理的效益。故B项正确。 62.B 考查副词辨析。economically经济地；traditionally传统地；inadequately不充分地；occasionally偶尔地；根据后句＂Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control＂可知授权管理是一个新型的管理方法，与传统的管理模式不一样。故B项正确。 63.D 考查动词辨析。deny否认；admit承认；assume假定，设想；ensure保证，确保；授权管理是一种新型的管理方法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被采用。根据句意可知D正确。 64.A virtual虚拟的；ineffective低效的；day-to-day日常的；on-the-scene现场的。根据后句＂where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses＂可知在这种新型的管理方法中，人们都是通过邮件和网络联系，说明这种一种新型通过虚拟网络进行的管理方法。故A项正确。 65.C 考查名词辨析。opinion观点；risk冒险；performance表现；attractiveness魅力；根据后半句中＂ in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them＂可知我们评价员工的表现是根据他们的产品而不是他们的工作时间。故C项正确。 Close（4） 【2015年重庆卷】Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you’re 29 jet lag（时差反应）. Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31. For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological clock to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness. 28. A.flight B.change C.demand D.climate 29. A.suffering from B.working on C.looking into D.leading to 30. A.danger B.problem C.waste D.fear 31. A.briefly B.slowly C.suddenly D.effectively 32. A.checking B.sending C.adjusting D.stopping 33. A.awake B.alone C.hungry D.calm 34. A.though B.so C.while D.or 35. A.understanding B.cycle C.research D.trend 【解析】试题分析：本文讲述在旅行中如何调整你的生物钟。 28.B 考查名词辨析。A flight航班； B change变化； C demand要求； D climate气候； 句意：慢慢地对于变化做出反应，你的生物钟就要混淆。根据语境可知本文是关于对于时差的反应，故选B项。 29.A 考查动词短语辨析 suffer　from 遭受战争破坏的 work on 从事于；look into调查；lead to 导致；根据时区的变化可知很明显会导致时间反应，故选A项。 30.B 考查名词辨析。Adange 危险性 B problem 问题在于 C waste浪费者 D fear恐惧；句意：游客会用药片和酒精来处理这个问题。根据语境可知对待时差的问题，故选B项。 34.D 考查连词辨析。A Though 虽然如此 B so 因此次 C while虽然如此 D or 否则；句意：在这种情况下，提前吃饭，否则，空腹会让阻止你睡。Or表示转折，故选D项。 35.B 考查名词辨析。A Understanding 明白的 B cycle圈； C research 研究；D trend趋势；句意：这些建议能帮你开始新生物钟。根据语境可知选B项。 Close（5） 【2015年广东卷】How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 　1　 to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live — if he or she is 　2　 healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 　3　. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and 　4　 die. Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a 　5　 life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years! When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the 　6　 line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental 　7　 until after age 75. People are living longer because more people 　8　 childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood 　9　. Now that the chances of dying 　10　 are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care. On the whole, our population is getting older. The 　11　 in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see 　12　, not disaster. Today, many men and women in their "golden years" are healthy, still active, and young in 　13　 if not in age. As our society grows old, we need the 　14　 of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to 　15　 active and be devoted. 1.A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered 2.A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely 3.A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately 4.A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately 5.A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier 6.A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing 7.A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure 8.A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value 9.A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases 10.A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet 11.A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases 12.A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices 13.A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement 14.A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission 15.A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay 1. 答案：A 解析：此处表示人体被 “设计” 成不会活超过 120 年。be designed to do sth. 意为 “被设计用来做某事”，符合语境。select “挑选”；improve “改善”；discover “发现”，均不符合题意。 2. 答案：D 解析：110 岁可能是人们有望活到的最长年龄，前提是极其健康和幸运。extremely “极其”，强调程度；completely “完全地”；generally “一般地”；apparently “明显地”，这里强调需要非常健康和幸运才可能活到 110 岁，所以选 D。 3. 答案：C 解析：然而，我们的细胞不能永远不断地繁殖。endlessly“无尽地，无休止地”；rapidly “快速地”；harmlessly “无害地”；separately “分别地”。根据后文提到细胞会耗尽，可知不能无限制繁殖，所以选 C。 4. 答案：A 解析：细胞耗尽，结果我们变老并最终死亡。eventually “最终”；hopelessly “绝望地”；automatically “自动地”；desperately “拼命地”。这里表示随着细胞的变化，最终导致死亡这一结果，所以选 A。 5. 答案：B 解析：尽管我们不能永远活着，但我们比以前活得更久了。从后文提到 1900 年美国人平均寿命 47 岁，现在是 75 岁，可知是寿命变长，所以选 B。 6. 答案：D 解析：65 岁作为中年和老年的分界线可能已经过时了。dividing line “分界线”，符合语境。finishing “结束”；guiding “指导”；waiting “等待”，均不符合此处关于年龄划分的意思。 7. 答案：C 解析：许多老年人直到 75 岁以后才开始经历身体和精神的衰退。decline“衰退，下降”；stress “压力”；damage “损害”；failure “失败”。这里描述的是身体和精神机能随着年龄增长而下降，所以选 C。 8. 答案：A 解析：人们活得更久是因为更多的人能从童年存活下来。survive“幸存，活下来”；enjoy “享受”；remember “记得”；value “重视”。结合后文提到现代医学改变自然规律，很多孩子不再死于常见疾病，可知是能从童年存活下来，所以选 A。 9. 答案：D 解析：在现代医学改变自然规律之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。diseases “疾病”；problems “问题”；fears “恐惧”；worries “担忧”。这里说的是孩子死于疾病，所以选 D。 10. 答案：B 解析：既然年轻时死亡的几率低得多，由于更好的饮食和医疗保健，长寿的几率就高得多。这里与前文提到的孩子在童年时死亡几率高对比，现在年轻时死亡几率降低，所以选 B。 11. 答案：A 解析：我们人口中的这些变化将对我们的社会发展和生活方式产生持久影响。根据前文提到人口老龄化等，可知是人口结构等方面的变化，所以选 A。recovery “恢复”；safety “安全”；increases “增加”，均没有 “变化” 这个意思贴合语境。 12. 答案：B 解析：一些人担心这些变化会变得更糟，而另一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。chances “机会”；dreams “梦想”；strengths “优势”；choices “选择”。这里与 “灾难” 相对，表达一些人认为老龄化带来了机会，所以选 B。 13. 答案：A 解析：如今，许多处于 “黄金岁月” 的男女身体健康，仍然活跃，即使年龄上不年轻，精神上也年轻。in mind “在精神上”；in appearance “在外表上”；in voice “在声音上”；in movement “在行动上”。这里强调的是精神状态，所以选 A。 14. 答案：C 解析：随着我们的社会变老，我们需要年长公民的贡献。contributions “贡献”；protection “保护”；suggestions “建议”；permission “许可”。这里说社会需要老年人的贡献，所以选 C。 15. 答案：D 解析：他们前面还有很长的人生，他们需要保持活跃并全身心投入。stay “保持”，stay active “保持活跃”，符合语境。sound “听起来”；appear “显得”；turn “变得”，均不符合此处表达的持续保持活跃状态的意思。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$