精品解析：天津市武清区杨村第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题

杨村一中2024~2025学年度第二学期开学测试 高一英语 第Ⅰ卷（共80分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What kind of account will the woman open? A. A checking account. B. A savings account. C. A joint account. 2. How much did Tom spend? A. $50. B. $80. C. $100. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At the woman’s home. B. In a supermarket. C. In a cafe. 4. What are the speakers doing? A. Seeing a doctor. B. Having a meal. C. Working out. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An art museum. B. An outdoor garden. C. A beautiful painting. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. How did Tina feel on her first day at the university? A. Excited. B. Exhausted. C. Amazed. 7. What is in the middle of the map? A. The Medical Services. B. The Student Union. C. The Media Center. 8. What can students borrow from the old library? A. Entertainment magazines. B Sports magazines. C. Financial books. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What is the man? A. A journalist. B. An astronaut. C. A radio host. 10. What was Mrs. Koch’s work on the ISS? A. Repairing satellites. B. Building space station. C. Doing science experiments. 11. What do we know about Mrs. Koch? A. She slept on a fixed bed. B. She took some spacewalks. C. She exercised one hour daily. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What caused Jihad Bhutto to drop out of school? A. Her lack of interest in study. B. Her desire to earn money early. C. Her family’s financial problems. 13. What did Jihad Bhutto love doing in her spare time? A. Learning Chinese. B. Reading books. C. Cooking. 14. Who told Jihad Bhutto about the Kfar Bara Center? A. Her friends. B. Her children. C. A school’s dean. 15. When did Jihad Bhutto get a bachelor’s degree? A. At the age of 81. B. At the age of 85. C. At the age of 86. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. — Shall I tell John our secret? —No, you mustn’t. ______. A. Take it easy B. It sounds like a great idea C. If you don’t mind you and me. D. It’s just between you and me. 2. If you’re good at English, you will have one more ______ when searching for jobs. A. approach B. advantage C. interest D. interview 3. A big fire ______ in a big factory last month. It is important for us to be careful with fire. A. put out B. turned out C. got out D. broke out 4. The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad. A. who B. of which C. whom D. of whom 5. — Which new invention do you like best? — Mobile payment. It is an invention ______ is turning China into a “cashless society”. A. what B. which C. who D. why 6. Kathy reached the company out of breath only ______ that the meeting had been put off. A. told B. to be told C. being told D. having told 7. It seemed that Jim had become ________ his parents had wanted him to be. A. whether B. where C. what D. when 8. The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school ______ the party. A had cancelled B. will cancel C. has cancelled D. cancels 9. I can’t find my purse, I ______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 10. Food and medical supplies ______ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A. distribute B. distributed C. are distributed D. were distributed 11. With the English teacher’s support, he thought senior high was easy and felt ______ about his future. A. curious B. various C. confident D. unique 12. With tears ______ her face, she thanked him again and again. A. rolling down B. rolled down C. to roll down D. to be rolled down 13. ______ he is a boy difficult to get on with sometimes, I quite like him. A. Since B. While C. Until D. When 14. Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth ______. I look forward to going there. A. to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting 15. What is most significant is the way in which people have worked ______ nature to make these terraces and grow rice. A. in exchange for B. in harmony with C. in case of D. in search of 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） Growing up in a family with poverty, my father worked hard since he was young to earn enough money to support his family and to pay for his education. He took on almost every ____16____ that he could find. From selling coffee by the streets of Thailand, to ____17____ as a waiter in a restaurant, my father has done all. He was ____18____ with a promotion (提拔) for his hard work. His years in the food industry got him a job at a company in the city, ____19____ he worked for more than twenty years. And ____20____ his devotion and loyalty to his company, he was promoted from his ____21____ to the new management team. ____22____, he did not give up his dream and aimed to ____23____ with the company he once worked for. He began to set up his own private ____24____, using his _____25_____ in the field of food science that he _____26_____ throughout his life. The company gained large amounts of money even only in its first year. It grew from a small business that _____27_____ only four employees to a company hiring more than thirty employees. My father’s story was an _____28_____ story in my life. Born into a poor family, he was able to overcome poverty, and to own what he has got today. The _____29_____ that he met with did not make him _____30_____. Instead, he _____31_____ it through his will power (意志力) and his desire to _____32_____ a successful man despite his lack of proper education. _____33_____ times of difficulties in my life, I would _____34_____ myself of my father’s story and how he remained strong when _____35_____ problems. My father may accomplish little compared to other people, but to me, my father is a model that I strove to be like. 16. A. family B. job C. case D. minute 17 A. acting B. waiting C. playing D. working 18. A. filled B. rewarded C. paid D. pleased 19. A. where B. which C. how D. why 20. A. instead of B. because of C. regardless of D. apart from 21. A. boss B. education C. position D. protection 22. A. Then B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However 23. A. destroy B. compete C. design D. team 24. A. company B. family C. competition D. action 25. A. dream B. chance C. knowledge D. material 26. A. acquired B. offered C. studied D. admired 27. A. provided B. employed C. limited D. carried 28. A. interesting B. unbelievable C. inspirational D. important 29. A. skills B. chances C. wonders D. difficulties 30. A. give in B. give away C. give up D. give out 31. A. wished B. learned C. argued D. fought 32. A. know B. change C. become D. help 33. A. During B. With C. On D. Despite 34. A. apologize B. remind C. involve D. comfort 35. A. faced with B. came up C. fell off D. thought of 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A The Maldives guarantees the whitest sand beaches and an unforgettable underwater world. Here are places that you can visit here. Patina Maldives, Fari Island The Fari Island sits in the northeast of the North Malé Atoll, a 45-minute speed boat ride or a 15- minute seaplane flight from Velana International Airport. Unlike most of the other places on this list, Patina recently opened so you can check in right now if you’re in need of an urgent escape. Avani Fares Maldives Resort Just a 30-minute seaplane ride from Velana International Airport, the Avani Fares Maldives Resort sits on an island surrounded by a lagoon (环礁湖) in the west of the resort. Unique and remarkable biodiversity can be found in its coral reefs, sea grass beds and mangroves. Watch out for hawksbill turtles, rays and friendly reef sharks. Villa Haven If you’re a deep-sea diver, this place will provide a luxurious base as you enjoy the diving experiences. Their gardens produce coconuts, tropical fruits, vegetables and herbs that will all be served up in Villa Haven’s restaurants, while some sustainable materials are also being used in the construction of the resort. Conrad Maldives Rangali The twin-island property has some firsts including the world’s first ever undersea restaurant and first underwater bedroom. To mark the resort’s anniversary, 50 over-water villas as well as three restaurants and bars have been rebuilt. Brand new additions include an adults-only gym, Majaa Explorers Hub and the Furaavaru Teens Club. 36. Where is the Fari Island? A. It sits in the northeast of the North Malé Atoll. B. It is on the Velana International Airport. C. It is in the Avani Fares Maldives Resort. D. It is near the Villa Haven’s restaurants. 37. If you are interested in sea animals like turtles, which place can you visit? A. Villa Haven. B. Conrad Maldives Rangali. C. Patina Maldives, Fari Islands. D. Avani Fares Maldives Resort. 38. What can you do in Villa Haven? A. Planting flowers. . B. Building the resort. C. Tasting tropical fish. D. Diving in the sea. 39. Which of the following is unique when you visit Conrad Maldives Rangali? A. Villa Haven’s restaurants. B. The world first ever undersea restaurant. C. Friendly reef sharks. D. Coconuts and fruits. 40. What kind of readers may show interest in this passage? A. Students who need to do some experiments. B. Tourists who expect to enjoy their holidays. C. Fishers who seek some latest news about fishing. D. Salesmen who want to advertise online. B For many years, I wanted to be a music video director. After graduating from high school, I moved to Los Angeles. I earned a degree in video production there. Fortune smiled upon me as I quickly worked as a production helper. I was young and ambitious, doing my best in my dream work. One day, I worked as a volunteer at an award show. A production manager talked with me and said that I was going to be a “big fish” one day. I was praised, but frightened. I wasn’t sure whether I could bear the pressure of being a “big fish”. Not too long after the show, I was laid off from my position at the production company. I went back home to Florida to think about my next career move. In Florida, I found a job in a financial company. The pay was good, and the work was not difficult. But a few months later, my creative spirit sent an SOS to my brain. It reminded me that I wasn’t making the best use of my talents. I didn’t have the money to make another cross-country move back to Los Angeles, but I couldn’t wait to create something. I did some creative writing during my spare time. To motivate myself even further, I promised myself a children’s storybook. My goal didn’t end there, however. I also decided to get the book published. It was not easy, and I continued sending out my work for nearly four years. Finally my work attracted the interest of a publisher. When I held a copy of my beautiful children’s book in my hands, I felt really happy from the bottom of my heart. I may not have become a big fish, but I did achieve a goal. Success comes from efforts. When you have something to fight for, you’re not far from success. 41. The author went to Los Angeles to ______. A. find a high-paid job B. reach for her dream C. visit a famous film director D. take part in volunteer activities 42. What was the author’s reaction to the production manager’s comments on her? A. Proud. B. Happy. C. Uncertain. D. Disappointed. 43. What does the author think of her job in Florida? A. It lacks challenges. B. It requires a higher degree. C. It often takes up her free time. D. It can hardly support her family. 44. What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 4? A. She set herself to work on a new goal. B. She was moved by her children’s words. C. She was attracted by a picture storybook. D. She planned to leave for Los Angeles some day. 45. What does the author encourage us to do through this text? A. To make a cross-country move. B. To break our old working habits. C. To try hard to improve our writing skills. D. To make every effort to achieve our goals. C Dogs wag (摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found. Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behaviour of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli (刺激物) with video cameras. To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six years. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari University. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow for them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time. The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners — a positive experience — their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Researchers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach. 46. The video cameras were used to catch the dogs’ responses because ________. A. it was easier to catch the dogs’ response changes in the tail wagging B. the dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time C they enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit D. the dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods 47. The underlined word “intensity” in the passage means ________. A surprise B. worry C. hate D. excitement 48. When there are no stimuli, a dog will ________. A. wag to the right B. wag to the left C. not wag at all D. wag to the left and then to the right 49. The underlined word “they” refers to ________. A. the trainers B. the dogs C. the systems D. the researchers 50. The purpose of doing the experiment is ________. A. to help people judge the mood of dogs B. to train dogs for their owners C. to help dogs find company D. to help people choose their pet dogs 第Ⅱ卷（共40分） 第四部分：写作（共16小题；满分40分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题. Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plate contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them. Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry. One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business. On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention. But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try. After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied. But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers. As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before. Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart. 51. The underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ______. (No more than 3 words) __________________ 52. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 53. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 54. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market?(No more than 10 words) __________________ 55. What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words) __________________ 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 56. It is very c______ for people to pay by credit card when they do shopping. (根据首字母单词拼写) 57. The painting Guernica is a t______ example of Picasso’s style. (根据首字母单词拼写) 58. The above examples ______(说明，阐明) that different preferences exist across languages for certain general patterns of reference. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. Doctors r______（建议）that fathers should be present at their baby’s birth. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 60. This drink doesn’t ______ (包含) any alcohol. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61 We hold the Dragon Boat Festival to h______ a great poet and statesman called Qu Yuan. (根据首字母单词拼写) 62. A new ______ (一代) of scientists became fascinated by dinosaurs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. Please inform us if there are any s______ (重大的) changes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 64. We should fight against social ______(不平等). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. Christmas trees are one kind of Christmas ______ (装饰物). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第三节 书面表达（满分20分） 66. 假定你是李华,你的笔友Tom给你写信咨询“如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围”。请你根据提示给他写一封英文回信。内容包括: 1.宣传标语用英汉双语; 2.开设汉语角; 3.邀请汉语外教来学校上课。 注意:1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, How are you doing?I’m glad to hear from you.From your letter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 杨村一中2024~2025学年度第二学期开学测试 高一英语 第Ⅰ卷（共80分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What kind of account will the woman open? A. A checking account. B. A savings account. C. A joint account. 2. How much did Tom spend? A. $50. B. $80. C. $100. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At the woman’s home. B. In a supermarket. C. In a cafe. 4. What are the speakers doing? A. Seeing a doctor. B. Having a meal. C. Working out. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An art museum. B. An outdoor garden. C. A beautiful painting. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. How did Tina feel on her first day at the university? A. Excited. B. Exhausted. C. Amazed. 7. What is in the middle of the map? A. The Medical Services. B. The Student Union. C. The Media Center. 8. What can students borrow from the old library? A. Entertainment magazines. B Sports magazines. C. Financial books. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. What is the man? A. A journalist. B. An astronaut. C. A radio host. 10. What was Mrs. Koch’s work on the ISS? A. Repairing satellites. B. Building space station. C. Doing science experiments. 11. What do we know about Mrs. Koch? A. She slept on a fixed bed. B. She took some spacewalks. C. She exercised one hour daily. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. What caused Jihad Bhutto to drop out of school? A. Her lack of interest in study. B. Her desire to earn money early. C. Her family’s financial problems. 13. What did Jihad Bhutto love doing in her spare time? A. Learning Chinese. B. Reading books. C. Cooking. 14. Who told Jihad Bhutto about the Kfar Bara Center? A. Her friends. B. Her children. C. A school’s dean. 15. When did Jihad Bhutto get a bachelor’s degree? A. At the age of 81. B. At the age of 85. C. At the age of 86. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. — Shall I tell John our secret? —No, you mustn’t. ______. A. Take it easy B. It sounds like a great idea C. If you don’t mind you and me. D. It’s just between you and me. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我把我们的秘密告诉约翰好吗？ ——不，你不可以。这是你我之间的秘密。A.Take it easy放轻松；B.It sounds like a great idea听起来是个好主意；C.If you don’t mind you and me.如果你不介意我和你；D.It’s just between you and me.这是你我之间的秘密。由句意及空前的No, you mustn’t.可知此处此处强调的是不让对方将秘密告诉John，即秘密只属于两个人，选项D.It’s just between you and me.(这是你我之间的秘密。)符合句意，故选D项。 2. If you’re good at English, you will have one more ______ when searching for jobs. A. approach B. advantage C. interest D. interview 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你英语很好，你找工作的时候就多了一个优势。 A.approach 方法；接近；B.advantange 优势；C.interest兴趣；利益；D.interview 采访；访问。由句意及空前的If you’re good at English及空后的when searching for jobs可知此处的意思是如果你英语很好，找工作时就会有优势，选项B.advantage(优势)符合句意，故选B项。 3. A big fire ______ in a big factory last month. It is important for us to be careful with fire. A. put out B. turned out C. got out D. broke out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：上个月一家大工厂发生了一场大火。对我们来说小心火是很重要的。A.put out扑灭；生产；B.turned out结果是；被证明是；C.got out离开；D.broke out突然发生；（火灾、疾病等）爆发。由句意及空前的A big fire以及后文可知，上个月一家大工厂爆发了一场大火，故选D项。 4. The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad. A. who B. of which C. whom D. of whom 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这门课程通常每年吸引大约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词students进行限定说明，空格处表达的应该是“这些学生中多大一半”，即up to half of the students，在定语从句中，应该用关系代词whom代替先行词students作介词of的宾语，且of whom可以提前。故选D项。 5. — Which new invention do you like best? — Mobile payment. It is an invention ______ is turning China into a “cashless society”. A. what B. which C. who D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你最喜欢哪项新发明？ ——移动支付。这是一项将中国变成“无现金社会”的发明。由句意空处所在句子为定语从句，先行词为invention，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故选B项。 6. Kathy reached the company out of breath only ______ that the meeting had been put off. A. told B. to be told C. being told D. having told 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凯西上气不接下气地赶到公司，却被告知会议推迟了。主句的主干成分完整，结合空前的“only”可推知，空处表示出乎意料的结果，表示“不料却，结果却”，作结果状语，且tell“告知”和Kathy逻辑上是被动关系，因此用tell的不定式被动语态to be told。故选B。 7. It seemed that Jim had become ________ his parents had wanted him to be. A. whether B. where C. what D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：看来吉姆已经成为了他父母希望他成为的人。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，应用what引导。故选C。 8. The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school ______ the party. A. had cancelled B. will cancel C. has cancelled D. cancels 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。cancel“取消”。孩子们发现派对被取消是在过去，而取消的动作发生在发现之前，因此时态用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故选A项。 9. I can’t find my purse, I ______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查含有情态动词的虚拟语气。句意：我找不到我的钱包了，我昨天可能把它忘在超市了，但我不确定。由句意及时间状语yesterday可知是对过去事情的推测，应用情态动词+have done的形式，依据but I’m not sure可知此处为不肯定的推测，应用情态动词could+have done的结构，表示“可能”，故选D项。 10. Food and medical supplies ______ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A. distribute B. distributed C. are distributed D. were distributed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和医疗用品分发给了所有居民。空处为谓语动词，主语Food and medical supplies与动词distribute之间为被动关系，由时间状语last Sunday可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D项。 11. With the English teacher’s support, he thought senior high was easy and felt ______ about his future. A. curious B. various C. confident D. unique 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在英语老师的支持下，他觉得高中生活很轻松，对自己的未来充满信心。A.curious 好奇的；求知欲强的；B.various各种各样的；C.confident充满信心的；D.unique独特的。由句意及空前的With the English teacher’s support, he thought senior high was easy and felt及空后的about his future可知英语老师的帮助让他对自己的未来充满了信心，C项confident(充满信心的)符合语境，故选C项。 12. With tears ______ her face, she thanked him again and again. A. rolling down B. rolled down C. to roll down D. to be rolled down 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：泪水顺着她的脸流下，她一遍又一遍地感谢他。根据空格前的with tears可知，空格处应该用非谓语动词在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，roll down与tears之间是主动关系，且与主句动作同时发生，所以用现在分词形式rolling down作宾语补足语。故选A项。 13. ______ he is a boy difficult to get on with sometimes, I quite like him. A. Since B. While C. Until D. When 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然他是一个有时很难相处的男孩，但我很喜欢他。由句意及空后的he is a boy difficult to get on with sometimes, I quite like him可知此处为让步状语从句，应用引导词while，意为“尽管”，故选B项。 14. Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth ______. I look forward to going there. A. to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：香港迪士尼乐园非常值得一游。我期待去那里。be worth doing“……值得做”是固定搭配。故选D项。 15. What is most significant is the way in which people have worked ______ nature to make these terraces and grow rice. A. in exchange for B. in harmony with C. in case of D. in search of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：最重要的是，人们与自然和谐相处，创造了这些梯田，种植了水稻。A.in exchange for作为交换；B.in harmony with与……和谐一致；C.in case of万一；如果；D.in search of寻找。由句意及空后的“nature to make these terraces and grow rice”可知，这些梯田的创造和水稻的种植是人类与大自然和谐相处的结果，B项in harmony with(与……和谐一致)符合语境。故选B项。 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） Growing up in a family with poverty, my father worked hard since he was young to earn enough money to support his family and to pay for his education. He took on almost every ____16____ that he could find. From selling coffee by the streets of Thailand, to ____17____ as a waiter in a restaurant, my father has done all. He was ____18____ with a promotion (提拔) for his hard work. His years in the food industry got him a job at a company in the city, ____19____ he worked for more than twenty years. And ____20____ his devotion and loyalty to his company, he was promoted from his ____21____ to the new management team. ____22____, he did not give up his dream and aimed to ____23____ with the company he once worked for. He began to set up his own private ____24____, using his _____25_____ in the field of food science that he _____26_____ throughout his life. The company gained large amounts of money even only in its first year. It grew from a small business that _____27_____ only four employees to a company hiring more than thirty employees. My father’s story was an _____28_____ story in my life. Born into a poor family, he was able to overcome poverty, and to own what he has got today. The _____29_____ that he met with did not make him _____30_____. Instead, he _____31_____ it through his will power (意志力) and his desire to _____32_____ a successful man despite his lack of proper education. _____33_____ times of difficulties in my life, I would _____34_____ myself of my father’s story and how he remained strong when _____35_____ problems. My father may accomplish little compared to other people, but to me, my father is a model that I strove to be like. 16. A. family B. job C. case D. minute 17. A. acting B. waiting C. playing D. working 18. A. filled B. rewarded C. paid D. pleased 19. A. where B. which C. how D. why 20. A. instead of B. because of C. regardless of D. apart from 21. A. boss B. education C. position D. protection 22. A. Then B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However 23. A. destroy B. compete C. design D. team 24. A. company B. family C. competition D. action 25. A. dream B. chance C. knowledge D. material 26. A. acquired B. offered C. studied D. admired 27 A. provided B. employed C. limited D. carried 28. A. interesting B. unbelievable C. inspirational D. important 29. A. skills B. chances C. wonders D. difficulties 30. A. give in B. give away C. give up D. give out 31. A. wished B. learned C. argued D. fought 32. A. know B. change C. become D. help 33. A. During B. With C. On D. Despite 34. A. apologize B. remind C. involve D. comfort 35. A. faced with B. came up C. fell off D. thought of 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者父亲努力奋斗、克服困难并最终取得成功的励志故事，对作者产生了深远的影响。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他几乎做过他能找到的每一份工作。A. family家庭；B. job工作；C. case情况；D. minute分钟。根据上文“my father worked hard since he was young to earn enough money to support his family”可知，父亲努力工作挣钱养家，因此他做过很多工作。故选B项。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从在泰国街头卖咖啡，到在餐馆当服务员，我父亲什么都做过。A. acting表演；B. waiting等待；C. playing玩耍；D. working工作。根据“as a waiter in a restaurant”可知，在餐馆当服务员是一份工作。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他因努力工作而得到晋升。A. filled充满；B. rewarded奖励；C. paid支付；D. pleased使高兴。根据“with a promotion for his hard work”可知，父亲因努力工作而得到晋升，这是一种奖励。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他在食品行业工作多年，终于在城市里的一家公司找到了工作，在那里他工作了二十多年。A. where关系副词；B. which关系代词；C. how（定从引导词没有how）；D. why关系副词。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a company，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于他对公司的忠诚，他从原来的职位晋升到了新的管理团队。A. instead of而不是；B. because of因为；C. regardless of不管；D. apart from除了。根据“his devotion and loyalty to his company”可知，由于他对公司的忠诚，所以他得到了晋升。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. boss老板；B. education教育；C. position职位；D. protection保护。根据“he was promoted”可知，他从原来的职位晋升到了新的管理团队。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他并没有放弃自己的梦想，他的目标是与他曾经工作过的公司进行竞争。A. Then然后；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover而且；D. However然而。根据上下文语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用however，故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. destroy破坏；B. compete竞争；C. design设计；D. team合作。根据下文“He began to set up his own private ____9____,”可知，父亲建立了自己的公司，所以他的目标是与曾经工作过的公司进行竞争。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始建立自己的私人公司，利用他在食品科学领域的知识，这是他一生中获得的。A. company公司；B. family家庭；C. competition竞争；D. action行动。根据下文“The company gained large amounts of money”可知，父亲建立了自己的公司。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dream梦想；B. chance机会；C. knowledge知识；D. material材料。根据下文“in the field of food science”可知，此处指父亲利用他在食品科学领域的知识。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. acquired获得；B. offered提供；C. studied学习；D. admired钦佩。根据下文“throughout his life”可知，此处指父亲一生中获得的知识。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它从一个只有四名员工的小企业成长为一家雇佣了30多名员工的公司。A. provided提供；B. employed雇佣；C. limited限制；D. carried携带。根据下文“only four employees to a company hiring more than thirty employees”可知，公司雇佣的员工数量不断增加。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父亲的故事在我生活中是一个鼓舞人心的故事。A. interesting有趣的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. inspirational鼓舞人心的；D. important重要的。根据下文“he was able to overcome poverty, and to own what he has got today”可知，父亲克服困难取得成功的故事是鼓舞人心的。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他遇到的困难并没有使他放弃。A. skills技能；B. chances机会；C. wonders奇迹；D. difficulties困难。根据上文“he was able to overcome poverty”可知，父亲克服了贫穷，此处指他遇到的困难。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. give in屈服；B. give away赠送；C. give up放弃；D. give out分发。根据后文“through his will power”可知，父亲凭借意志力没有放弃。故选C项。 31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他凭借自己的意志力和渴望成为一个成功的人的决心，克服了困难。A. wished希望；B. learned学会；C. argued争论；D. fought战斗、克服。根据下文“through his will power”可知，父亲凭借意志力克服了困难。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. know知道；B. change改变；C. become成为；D. help帮助。根据下文“a successful man”可知，父亲渴望成为一个成功的人。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我生活中遇到困难的时候，我会想起我父亲的故事，以及他是如何在面对问题时保持坚强的。A. During在……期间；B. With和……一起；C. On在……上面；D. Despite尽管。根据下文“times of difficulties in my life”可知，此处指在生活中遇到困难的时候，应用during。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. apologize道歉；B. remind提醒；C. involve涉及；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“myself of my father’s story”可知，此处指作者会“想起”父亲的故事，remind sb. of sth.表示“使某人想起某事”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. faced with面临；B. came up提出；C. fell off摔下；D. thought of想起。根据下文“problems”可知，父亲面临问题时是坚强的。故选A项。 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） A The Maldives guarantees the whitest sand beaches and an unforgettable underwater world. Here are places that you can visit here. Patina Maldives, Fari Island The Fari Island sits in the northeast of the North Malé Atoll, a 45-minute speed boat ride or a 15- minute seaplane flight from Velana International Airport. Unlike most of the other places on this list, Patina recently opened so you can check in right now if you’re in need of an urgent escape. Avani Fares Maldives Resort Just a 30-minute seaplane ride from Velana International Airport, the Avani Fares Maldives Resort sits on an island surrounded by a lagoon (环礁湖) in the west of the resort. Unique and remarkable biodiversity can be found in its coral reefs, sea grass beds and mangroves. Watch out for hawksbill turtles, rays and friendly reef sharks. Villa Haven If you’re a deep-sea diver, this place will provide a luxurious base as you enjoy the diving experiences. Their gardens produce coconuts, tropical fruits, vegetables and herbs that will all be served up in Villa Haven’s restaurants, while some sustainable materials are also being used in the construction of the resort. Conrad Maldives Rangali The twin-island property has some firsts including the world’s first ever undersea restaurant and first underwater bedroom. To mark the resort’s anniversary, 50 over-water villas as well as three restaurants and bars have been rebuilt. Brand new additions include an adults-only gym, Majaa Explorers Hub and the Furaavaru Teens Club. 36. Where is the Fari Island? A. It sits in the northeast of the North Malé Atoll. B. It is on the Velana International Airport. C. It is in the Avani Fares Maldives Resort. D. It is near the Villa Haven’s restaurants. 37. If you are interested in sea animals like turtles, which place can you visit? A. Villa Haven. B. Conrad Maldives Rangali. C. Patina Maldives, Fari Islands. D. Avani Fares Maldives Resort. 38. What can you do in Villa Haven? A. Planting flowers. . B. Building the resort. C. Tasting tropical fish. D. Diving in the sea. 39. Which of the following is unique when you visit Conrad Maldives Rangali? A. Villa Haven’s restaurants. B. The world first ever undersea restaurant. C. Friendly reef sharks. D. Coconuts and fruits. 40. What kind of readers may show interest in this passage? A. Students who need to do some experiments. B. Tourists who expect to enjoy their holidays. C. Fishers who seek some latest news about fishing. D. Salesmen who want to advertise online. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个在马尔代夫可以参观的地方。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Patina Maldives, Fari Island中的“The Fari Island sits in the northeast of the North Malé Atoll (法里岛位于北马勒瓦尔环礁的东北部)”可知法里岛位于北马勒瓦尔环礁的东北部，故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Avani Fares Maldives Resort中的“Unique and remarkable biodiversity can be found in its coral reefs, sea grass beds and mangroves. Watch out for hawksbill turtles, rays and friendly reef sharks. (在珊瑚礁、海草床和红树林中可以发现独特而非凡的生物多样性。小心玳瑁、鳐鱼和友好的礁鲨。)”可知如果你对海龟等海洋动物感兴趣，你可以去Avani Fares马尔代夫度假村，故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Villa Haven中的“If you’re a deep-sea diver, this place will provide a luxurious base as you enjoy the diving experiences. (如果你是深海潜水员，这个地方将为你提供一个豪华的基地，让你享受潜水体验。)”可知在Villa Haven，你可以潜水，故选D。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Conrad Maldives Rangali中“The twin-island property has some firsts including the world’s first ever undersea restaurant and first underwater bedroom. (这座双岛酒店拥有一些“第一”，包括世界上第一家海底餐厅和第一间水下卧室。)”可知Conrad Maldives Rangal独特之处是拥有世界上第一家海底餐厅，故选B。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段“The Maldives guarantees the whitest sand beaches and an unforgettable underwater world. Here are places that you can visit here. (马尔代夫拥有最洁白的沙滩和令人难忘的海底世界。这里有一些你可以参观的地方。)”可知文章介绍了几个在马尔代夫可以参观的地方，所以想要享受假期的游客会对这篇文章感兴趣，故选B。 B For many years, I wanted to be a music video director. After graduating from high school, I moved to Los Angeles. I earned a degree in video production there. Fortune smiled upon me as I quickly worked as a production helper. I was young and ambitious, doing my best in my dream work. One day, I worked as a volunteer at an award show. A production manager talked with me and said that I was going to be a “big fish” one day. I was praised, but frightened. I wasn’t sure whether I could bear the pressure of being a “big fish”. Not too long after the show, I was laid off from my position at the production company. I went back home to Florida to think about my next career move. In Florida, I found a job in a financial company. The pay was good, and the work was not difficult. But a few months later, my creative spirit sent an SOS to my brain. It reminded me that I wasn’t making the best use of my talents. I didn’t have the money to make another cross-country move back to Los Angeles, but I couldn’t wait to create something. I did some creative writing during my spare time. To motivate myself even further, I promised myself a children’s storybook. My goal didn’t end there, however. I also decided to get the book published. It was not easy, and I continued sending out my work for nearly four years. Finally my work attracted the interest of a publisher. When I held a copy of my beautiful children’s book in my hands, I felt really happy from the bottom of my heart. I may not have become a big fish, but I did achieve a goal. Success comes from efforts. When you have something to fight for, you’re not far from success. 41. The author went to Los Angeles to ______. A. find a high-paid job B. reach for her dream C. visit a famous film director D. take part in volunteer activities 42. What was the author’s reaction to the production manager’s comments on her? A. Proud. B. Happy. C. Uncertain. D. Disappointed. 43. What does the author think of her job in Florida? A. It lacks challenges. B. It requires a higher degree. C. It often takes up her free time. D. It can hardly support her family. 44. What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 4? A. She set herself to work on a new goal. B. She was moved by her children’s words. C. She was attracted by a picture storybook. D. She planned to leave for Los Angeles some day. 45. What does the author encourage us to do through this text? A. To make a cross-country move. B. To break our old working habits. C. To try hard to improve our writing skills. D. To make every effort to achieve our goals. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从追求音乐视频导演的梦想，到失业，再到在佛罗里达的金融公司工作，最后成功创作儿童故事书并出版的经历。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I wanted to be a music video director. After graduating from high school, I moved to Los Angeles. I earned a degree in video production there.”（我想成为一名音乐视频导演。高中毕业后，我搬到了洛杉矶。我在那里获得了视频制作的学位。）可知，作者去洛杉矶是为了追求梦想。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A production manager talked with me and said that I was going to be a “big fish” one day. I was praised, but frightened. I wasn’t sure whether I could bear the pressure of being a “big fish”.”（一位制片经理和我谈话，说我有一天会成为“大人物”。我受到了赞扬，但也感到害怕。我不确定我是否能承受成为“大人物”的压力。）可知，作者对制片经理的评论感到不确定。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In Florida, I found a job in a financial company. The pay was good, and the work was not difficult. But a few months later, my creative spirit sent an SOS to my brain. It reminded me that I wasn’t making the best use of my talents.”（在佛罗里达，我找到了一份金融公司的工作。薪水很好，工作也不难。但是几个月后，我的创造性精神向我的大脑发出了求救信号。它提醒我，我没有最好地利用我的才能。）可知，作者认为她在佛罗里达的工作缺乏挑战。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To motivate myself even further, I promised myself a children’s storybook. My goal didn’t end there, however. I also decided to get the book published.”（为了进一步激励自己，我向自己承诺要写一本儿童故事书。然而，我的目标并没有就此结束。我还决定要出版这本书。）可推知，作者设定了一个新的目标。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I may not have become a big fish, but I did achieve a goal. Success comes from efforts. When you have something to fight for, you’re not far from success.”（我可能没有成为个大人物，但我确实实现了一个目标。成功来自努力。当你有东西去争取时，你离成功就不远了。）可知，作者通过这篇文章鼓励我们尽一切努力实现目标。故选D。 C Dogs wag (摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found. Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behaviour of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli (刺激物) with video cameras. To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six years. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari University. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow for them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time. The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners — a positive experience — their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Researchers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach. 46. The video cameras were used to catch the dogs’ responses because ________. A. it was easier to catch the dogs’ response changes in the tail wagging B. the dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time C. they enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit D. the dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods 47. The underlined word “intensity” in the passage means ________. A. surprise B. worry C. hate D. excitement 48. When there are no stimuli, a dog will ________. A. wag to the right B. wag to the left C. not wag at all D. wag to the left and then to the right 49 The underlined word “they” refers to ________. A. the trainers B. the dogs C. the systems D. the researchers 50. The purpose of doing the experiment is ________. A. to help people judge the mood of dogs B. to train dogs for their owners C. to help dogs find company D. to help people choose their pet dogs 【答案】46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明，狗的摆动尾巴方向的变化取决于它们的情绪，这一发现有助于人们通过摇尾变化来判断狗的心情。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behavior of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli (刺激物) with video cameras. (意大利的研究人员研究了30只狗的摇尾行为，用摄像机捕捉它们对一系列刺激的反应)”和最后一段中的“While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood of dogs. (虽然没有视频的帮助，摇尾巴的变化不容易被注意到，但人们认为这些发现可以帮助人们判断狗的情绪)”可知，没有摄像机的帮助，人们很难发现狗的摇尾变化，所以在狗摇动尾巴时，摄像机更容易捕捉到狗的反应变化。故选A项。 【47题详解】 词句猜测题。由第三段中的“The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positive experience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again. (的里亚斯特大学的Giorgio Vallortigara教授领导的研究人员发现，当狗狗们看到它们的主人时——这是一个积极的体验——它们的尾巴积极地向右摇摆。当它们看到一个不熟悉的人类时，它们的尾巴向右摇摆，但是没有那么热情。一只猫的出现再次引起了尾巴向右边摇摆，尽管intensity再次变小了)”可知，这三个例子，同样都在说狗尾巴向右摇摆，但是热情积极的情绪逐渐下降。因此，划线词“intensity”和前面的“energetically”，“enthusiasm”应是同义词，intensity在此处意为“兴奋（excitement）”。故选D。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“When the dogs were not shown any stimuli they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. (当狗没有受到任何刺激时，它们倾向于向左摇尾巴，这表明它们更喜欢有人陪伴)”可知，当没有刺激时，狗会向左摇尾巴。故选B。 【49题详解】 词义猜测题。根据最后一句“Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.(例如，计算机和视频系统可以被专业的训狗师用来确定他们需要接近的狗的情绪)”可知，他们指代的是前面的dog trainers，实验中训狗师要接近狗。故选A。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach. (虽然没有视频的帮助，摇尾巴的变化不容易被注意到，但人们认为这些发现可以帮助人们判断狗的情绪。例如，计算机和视频系统可以被专业的训狗师用来确定他们需要接近的狗的情绪)”可知，此实验能帮助人们判断狗的情绪，因此做这个实验的目的是帮助人们判断狗的情绪。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷（共40分） 第四部分：写作（共16小题；满分40分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题. Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车). They will, in a lifetime, push the chrome-plate contraptions many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them. Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging(吃力地携带) groceries around in baskets they had to carry. One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business. On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention. But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try. After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied. But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假冒的) customers. As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come—those who came bought more. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before. Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model. Perhaps that’s one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart. 51. The underlined words “chrome-plate contraptions” in Paragraph 1 refer to ______. (No more than 3 words) __________________ 52. What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 53. Why was Goldman disappointed at first? (No more than 10 words) __________________ 54. Why did Goldman hire people to push carts around his market?(No more than 10 words) __________________ 55. What do you think of Goldman? Please give your reasons. (No more than 20 words) __________________ 【答案】51. Shopping carts. 52. It was to make shopping easier and attract more business. 53. Because few customers used his carts. 54. Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts. 55. He was a smart businessman. He invented the shopping cart and made it accepted by customers. Or: He was smart but he shouldn’t have used tricks to attract customers. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了与美国人生活息息相关的购物手推车的发明。Sylvan N. Goldman在1937年发明了购物手推车。作为生意人的Sylvan N. Goldman认为购物手推车让顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。经过推广和改进，购物车购物方式已经深入到人们的生活中。 【51题详解】 考查词义猜测。分析可知，“the”表示特指，第二次提及，因此结合语境可知，划线“the chrome-plate contraptions”应是指前文“a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(在购物车后面的他或她生活的一部分)”中的“a shopping cart(购物手推车)”，与划线短语在名词复数上保持一致，应是复数形式。故答案为：Shopping carts. 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段内容“One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.(有一天，Goldman突然有了把篮子装在轮子上的想法。带轮子的购物篮会让他的顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。)”可知，他的想法是给购物篮装上轮子，这样做的目的是让顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。故答案为：It was to make shopping easier and attract more business. 【53题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第五段内容“Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.(大多数购物者都花了很长时间看这些手推车，但几乎没有人愿意试一试。)”可知，大部分人只是长时间看了手推车，并没有人尝试使用，这应是他起初感到失望的原因。故答案为：Because few customers used his carts. 【54题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第七段内容“He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony customers.(他知道，只要他能说服人们试一试，他的手推车就会大获成功。为此，Goldman雇佣了一群人在他的市场上推着手推车，假装他们在购物!看到这一点，真正的客户逐渐开始模仿假冒客户。)”可知，他想要人们尝试使用手推车购物，于是他雇佣人推着手推车假装在购物，这样，真正的顾客就开始效仿使用手推车购物了。由此可推知，他雇佣人是因为要推广购物手推车的使用，以鼓励人们尝试使用。故答案为：Because he wanted to promote his shopping carts. 【55题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第二段末尾内容“Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.(每天，他都会看到购物者用篮子拖着食品杂货四处走动。）以及第三段内容 One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.(有一天，Goldman突然有了把篮子装在轮子上的想法。带轮子的购物篮会让他的顾客更容易购物，并有助于吸引更多的生意。)”可知，Goldman通过观察顾客购物的行为想到有轮子的购物篮可以方便购物，而且可以吸引更多的生意，说明他是一个聪明的生意人，且文章第七段提及“To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony customers.(为此，Goldman雇佣了一群人在他的市场上推着手推车，假装他们在购物!看到这一点，真正的客户逐渐开始模仿假冒客户。)”他通过“推广宣传”购物车使得真正的顾客开始使用并接受购物车购物的方式。同样可以说明他是一个聪明的生意人。故答案为：He was a smart businessman. He invented the shopping cart and made it accepted by customers. 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 56. It is very c______ for people to pay by credit card when they do shopping. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】convenient##onvenient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们在购物时用信用卡支付是非常方便的。空处作表语，结合“pay by credit card when they do shopping”和首字母提示可推知，形容词convenient“方便的”符合题意。故填convenient。 57. The painting Guernica is a t______ example of Picasso’s style. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】typical##ypical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：《格尔尼卡》是毕加索风格的典型代表。根据句意和首字母t以及空格后的名词example可知，空格处应该用形容词typical作定语，修饰后面的名词，意为“典型的”符合句意。故填typical。 58. The above examples ______(说明，阐明) that different preferences exist across languages for certain general patterns of reference. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】illustrate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：上面的例子说明，对于某些通用的引用模式，不同语言之间存在不同的偏好。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是illustrate意为“说明，阐明”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填illustrate。 59. Doctors r______（建议）that fathers should be present at their baby’s birth. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】recomend##ecommend 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：医生建议父亲应该在孩子出生时在场。此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。由句意空处及空前的Doctors可知应填动词形式，根据汉语提示“建议”及首字母可知应填动词recommend，故填recommend。 60. This drink doesn’t ______ (包含) any alcohol. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contain 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这饮料不含任何酒精。根据汉语提示及句意和空格前的doesn’t可知，空格处应该用动词原形contain作谓语。故填contain。 61. We hold the Dragon Boat Festival to h______ a great poet and statesman called Qu Yuan. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】honor##onor 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们举行端午节是为了纪念一位伟大的诗人和政治家屈原。根据首字母提示h可知，本空用动词honor，表示“纪念，尊敬”，位于不定式符号to后，用原形。故填honor。 62. A new ______ (一代) of scientists became fascinated by dinosaurs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】generation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：新一代科学家对恐龙着迷。根据汉语提示可知，表示“一代”应为generation，且空前有不定冠词，所以使用名词单数形式。故填generation。 63. Please inform us if there are any s______ (重大的) changes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】significant##ignificant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如有重大变动，请通知我们。由句意及空后的changes可知空处应填形容词形式，根据汉语提示及首字母可知应填形容词significant，作定语，修饰changes。故填significant。 64. We should fight against social ______(不平等). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】inequality 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该反对社会不平等。根据汉语提示及空前We should fight against social的可知，应填名词形式inequality，作宾语。故填inequality。 65. Christmas trees are one kind of Christmas ______ (装饰物). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】decorations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：圣诞树是圣诞节装饰物的一种。根据单词汉语提示及空前的Christmas trees are one kind of Christmas可知应填可数名词decoration“装饰物”的复数形式decorations，作介词宾语。故填decorations。 第三节 书面表达（满分20分） 66. 假定你是李华,你的笔友Tom给你写信咨询“如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围”。请你根据提示给他写一封英文回信。内容包括: 1.宣传标语用英汉双语; 2.开设汉语角; 3.邀请汉语外教来学校上课。 注意:1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, How are you doing?I’m glad to hear from you.From your letter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom,  How are you doing?I’m glad to hear from you.From your letter,I know that your class will develop the students’ interest in Chinese learning.Now I share some advice with you.  To begin with,all the signs and slogans in your class should be written both in Chinese and English,which can create an atmosphere to learn Chinese.Secondly,you should set up a Chinese Corner in your class,where you can practice your spoken Chinese.Last but not least,your class should invite some Chinese teachers to come to school to communicate with students. I really hope my suggestions can be helpful for you.Look forward to getting your good news soon. Best wishes! Your sincerely,  Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本文为应用文。你的笔友Tom给你写信咨询“如何在班级创设浓厚的汉语学习氛围”。请你根据提示给他写一封英文回信。信要写得简明扼要、目的明确。具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”， 第一段：表明写作意图。 第二段：针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。要注意有礼貌，使读者容易接受。第二段礼貌地表达希望对方接受自己的建议的愿望。 【详解】本文的要点完整，结构正确。主要以简单句为主。第一段中运用了一个宾语从句：,I know that your class will develop the students’ interest in Chinese learning.Now I share some advice with you. 阐明了写信的原因。言简意赅。 第二段正文部分是重点，在本段中叙述自己的看法时运用了表示顺序的词，如，to start with,… secondly, … last but not least….把文的要点即三个简单句连接起来，条理清晰，一目了然。最后一段运用了一个宾语从句和非谓语结束全文。整个文章语气得当，委婉礼貌，一气呵成。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$