专题一 (十)创新命题热点——书评类语篇题-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三二轮专题复习高效讲义（新教材）

(十)创新命题热点——书评类语篇题 [考情速递]　书评是近几年高考出现的新形式。如2024年新高考Ⅱ卷阅读D篇、2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C篇和2020年新高考卷阅读C篇都以书评为载体，而同为教育部考试中心命题的2022年1月的浙江卷和2022年全国乙卷也都出现了书评。所以对这类语篇进行适当练习是十分必要的。 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共30分) A (2024·云南曲靖高三统考期末)Plastics have been found from the top of Mount Qomolangma to newly­formed beaches in Hawaii.The amount of plastic in our environment is shocking.What can we do about it? I'm inspired by Kate Nelson, who has lived without using single­use plastic for over ten years.Kate is also the founder of Sea the Mermaids, an organization focusing on stopping human­sourced ocean pollution through education and community action. She recently wrote an inspiring and practical guidebook I Quit Plastics: and you can too, which is full of information and tips on how to cook, clean, shop, wear and live plastic­free.Upon first opening, you will see a recipe for Cashew Cheese that looks amazing! Not only does this book provide many delicious recipes, but also explores interesting problems about plastic pollution. For example, Kate explores the problems about plastics and social justice, including plastic privilege(特权).She points out that wealthier countries, such as the USA, export their plastic waste to Southeast Asia, but many of these countries cannot process their own waste.In addition, most of the affordable food, though processed and unhealthy, is heavily packaged in plastic.People that live in “food deserts” in cities and depend on corner stores have no choice when it comes to avoiding plastics.Kate writes in the book, “Not everyone will have bulk (散装) food stores or farmers' markets near where they live.” Kate's writing is easy to read without sounding preachy (说教的).Her explanations and reasoning are clear.From food to beauty to cleaning, Kate's practical recipes and tips make it easy for everyone to reduce their chances of using single­use plastic.She develops effective strategies that others can easily adopt and offers clear steps to help people improve on the plastic quitting journey. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了凯特·尼尔森的新书《我放弃塑料：你也可以》，这本书告诉了读者关于如何无塑料烹饪、清洁、购物、穿着和生活的信息和技巧，还探索了有关塑料污染的有趣问题。凯特的作品很容易阅读，而且阅读起来没有说教意味。 1．Why does the author talk about plastic in the first paragraph? A．To lead to the topic. B．To share an experience. C．To doubt serious pollution. D．To explain plastic pollution. A　[推理判断题。根据第二段 “She recently wrote an inspiring and practical guidebook I Quit Plastics: and you can too, which is full of information and tips on how to cook, clean, shop, wear and live plastic­free.Upon first opening, you will see a recipe for Cashew Cheese that looks amazing! Not only does this book provide many delicious recipes, but also explores interesting problems about plastic pollution.”可知，本文主要介绍了凯特·尼尔森的新书《我放弃塑料：你也可以》，由此可推知，在第一段提到塑料污染的问题是为了引出主题。故选A。] 2．Which of the followings is probably talked about in Kate's guidebook? A．Famous persons. B．The latest news. C．Classical music. D．Reusable shopping bags. D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二、三句话“Kate's writing is easy to read without sounding preachy (说教的).Her explanations and reasoning are clear.From food to beauty to cleaning, Kate's practical recipes and tips make it easy for everyone to reduce their chances of using single­use plastic.”可知，凯特在书中谈论各种话题，从食物到美容，再到清洁，凯特的实用食谱和技巧让每个人都能轻松减少使用一次性塑料的机会。由此推知，凯特在书中会谈到可重复使用的购物袋。故选D。] 3．What problem are people in “food deserts” facing? A．They eat too much unhealthy food. B．They can't afford to buy enough food. C．They can't avoid plastic­packaged food. D．They prefer bulk food to packaged food. C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句话“In addition, most of the affordable food, though processed and unhealthy, is heavily packaged in plastic.People that live in ‘food deserts’ in cities and depend on corner stores have no choice when it comes to avoiding plastics.”可知，生活在城市“食物沙漠”中的人们无法避免塑料包装食品。故选C。] 4．What type of writing is the text? A．An environment report. B．A book review. C．An author's introduction. D．A scientific research report. B　[推理判断题。文章主要介绍了凯特·尼尔森的新书《我放弃塑料：你也可以》，这本书告诉了读者关于如何无塑料烹饪、清洁、购物、穿着和生活的信息和技巧，还探索了有关塑料污染的有趣问题。凯特的作品很容易阅读，而且没有说教意味。由此可推知，这篇文章可能是一篇书评。故选B。] B (2024·江苏南京高三校联考阶段练习)For most people, money still means physical cash printed by a sole (专有的), public authority.Yet it may be short­lived, as cash gives way to the digitalization of finance and new means of payment may take over.The big change will have huge impacts on states, people and companies. Does it do more good than harm? Eswar Prasad, a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University, says in his book Kill bills, the Future of Money, it depends on central banks—whether they can embrace change without losing control.He insists the end of cash—likely within a decade or two—is revolutionary. As for the trend that cash is declining, Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones.Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift, which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted, central authority.However, banks remain dominant.Fearing this could do them out of a job, many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies—CBDCs, which will upgrade the financial system. Mr Prasad says they are more efficient than cash for settling transactions (交易结算).They could also provide support to digital­payment systems managed by private firms.They could offer “unbanked” communities access to digital payments and other financial products.And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions. However, Mr Prasad fears CBDCs may be vulnerable (脆弱的) to hacking and bugs; they could kill private innovation and cause the instability they are meant to prohibit.The privacy of transactions will be lost. He also manages to make the financial system understandable and interesting.His patient description of how it works includes numbers of well­researched examples and personal anecdotes. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要以《消灭纸币，货币的未来》这本书为核心话题，介绍了其主要内容——当前货币今后的发展的情况。 5．What's NOT the cause of cash decline? A．Digital monies. B．Digitalization of finance. C．Financial system. D．New means of payment. C　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As for the trend that cash is declining, Mr Prasad explains that it is due to the fact that many people bank from laptops and make payments on their phones.Bitcoin and many other digital monies it has inspired bring about a more fundamental shift, which makes payments possible without the need for a trusted, central authority.(至于现金使用减少的趋势，Mr Prasad解释说，这是因为许多人用笔记本电脑进行银行业务，而用手机支付。比特币和因其而产生的许多其他数字货币带来了一个更根本的转变，它使支付成为可能，而不需要一个值得信任的中央权威机构。)”可知，现金使用减少是由于新的支付方式、数字货币和金融数字化。选项C“Financial system(金融体系)”并未提及。故选C。] 6．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Central banks. B．Bills. C．Companies. D．CBDCs. D　[代词指代题。根据第三段“Fearing this could do them out of a job, many central banks are beginning to catch up with the pace by developing their own digital currencies—CBDCs, which will upgrade the financial system.”以及画线单词下文“They could also provide support to digital­payment systems managed by private firms.They could offer ‘unbanked’ communities access to digital payments and other financial products.And they may make it easier to track illegal transactions.”可知，they指的是上文提到的数字货币。故选D。] 7．What's the benefit of digital currencies developed by central banks according to the text? A．They could keep private firms from innovating. B．People without bank accounts can buy and pay online. C．People can bank from laptops and make payments online. D．They make the financial system safe and understandable. B　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They could offer ‘unbanked’ communities access to digital payments and other financial products.”可知，没有银行账户的人也可以在网上购物和支付。故选B。] 8．What type of writing is the text? A．A news report. B．A science report. C．A book review. D．A biography. C　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Eswar Prasad, a senior professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University, says in his book Kill bills, the Future of Money, it depends on central banks—whether they can embrace change without losing control.He insists the end of cash—likely within a decade or two—is revolutionary.”以及下文对其书中观点的引用、介绍可推断，这是一篇书评。故选C。] C (2024·南通市高三第二次调研测试)I'm a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines.My approach was from an author's angle, spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig­Heart Boy. So where did I get the idea? Whenever I attend a school event, that question is asked.The answer is simple.Back in the mid­1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.It left my mind filled with questions.What are the consequences? Do we really have the right to treat animals as mere organ sources for humans? So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular. I've found questions are one of the best places to start from when writing a novel.In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list.When a genetically modified (GM) pig's heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it—and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways. Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.I completely disagree.It never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.As a children's author, I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron's shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation. Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children's reading and learning.Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children's ability to grasp new concepts.Pig­Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate possible science into a believable, thought­provoking (令人深思的) story. [语篇解读]本文是夹叙夹议文。本文主要从作者的视角介绍了其科幻小说《猪心男孩》的创作灵感来源、写作目的和社会反响。 9．Where did the author get inspiration from to write Pig­Heart Boy? A．A school event. B．A news item. C．Science magazines. D．Books on heart transplants. B　[细节理解题。第二段提到，作者曾在20世纪90年代中期阅读了报纸上的一篇文章，内容是一位医生猜测我们最终可能不得不转向异种器官移植作为缺乏人类器官捐赠者的可能解决方案。这条新闻引发了作者的思考并促使他对此话题展开研究，从而产生了写这本书的灵感，故选B项。] 10．What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig­Heart Boy? A．Animal rights. B．GM technology. C．Organ transplant risks. D．Organ shortage crisis. A　[推理判断题。第四段中提到“some people...criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation”(一些人认为这本书的主题不适合儿童阅读，并批评异种器官移植的残酷和不人道)，由此可推断，这些人可能主要关心的是动物的权利，因为这与异种器官移植中涉及的道德和伦理问题直接相关，故选A项。] 11．What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about? A．Ways of tapping children's intelligence. B．Potential applications of fictional stories. C．Supporting evidence for justifying the book. D．Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects. C　[段落大意题。倒数第二段作者提到，虽然有人认为书中的主题不适合儿童，但作者本人并不同意这一点，并解释了原因。最后一段作者又提到探索STEM科目新思想的虚构故事的好处和自己写这本书的初衷。这两段主要提供了作者为书辩护的证据，故选C项。] 12．What is Pig­Heart Boy? A．An author profile. B．A science fiction novel. C．A guidebook to xenotransplantation. D．An essay on writing children's literature. B　[细节理解题。第一段中提到了Pig­Heart Boy，而在第四段中明确表明作者是一位儿童文学作家，第三、四段介绍了书中的虚构故事的主题，这说明它是一部小说。另外，这部作品探讨了与科学相关的主题，因此是一部科幻小说，故选B项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·福建省泉州市高中毕业班质量监测)After my family got comfortably settled in Hotel Ramada in Bangkok, we started exploring the city.After endless hours of shopping, it was finally time to go back. This was when the trouble started.We forgot there are two Ramada hotels in the opposite directions.Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back.Google maps suggested us the shortest route which was just 20 minutes away by walk.1. Bangkok felt different after sunset.Walking along the heavily­crowded roads with the dark­red sky felt beautiful.Lost in our talk, we didn't realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town. 2． It was closed for redecoration.To our luck, nobody around us then spoke English.Worse still, we stepped in a local tuk­tuk (三轮车), which took us to an unknown area for an enormous pay.We had no idea where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of charge. 3． He was a taxi driver.Recounting the day's events proved to be a great conversation starter.We ended up talking through the way.He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay.4. For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn't have been so trouble free without him. Sometimes when things don't go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results.5. A．That was when our hero arrived. B．Our thankfulness knew no bounds. C．We reached a completely different Hotel Ramada. D．We set off into the city with little research on transport. E．We decided not to waste our money but our time instead. F．The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining. G．He then informed us that our hotel was just a few blocks away. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在曼谷旅游时遇到一位好心的司机的故事。 1．E　[根据上文“Google maps suggested us the shortest route which was just 20 minutes away by walk.(谷歌地图为我们推荐了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟)”和下一段中的“Walking along the heavily­crowded roads with the dark­red sky felt beautiful.(在拥挤的道路上漫步，深红色的天空让人感觉很美)”可知，作者一家选择了按推荐的路线步行，E项“我们决定不浪费钱，而是花费时间”承上启下，故选E。] 2．C　[根据下一句“It was closed for redecoration.(它因重新装修而关闭了)”可知，作者一家应是到达酒店后发现它关闭了，C项“我们到达了一个完全不同的华美达酒店”承接下文，故选C。] 3．A　[上一段末句“We had no idea where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of charge.(我们不知道自己身在何处，我们的手机几乎没电了)”提到作者一家身陷困境，结合下文“He was a taxi driver.(他是一名出租车司机)”可知，空处应是提及一个帮助作者一家解决困境的人物，A项“就在这时，我们的英雄来了”承上启下，故选A。] 4．B　[上文“He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay.(他好心地提出在我们剩下的逗留时间里开车载我们四处转转)”提到那名司机带作者一行人四处转转，结合下文“For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn't have been so trouble free without him.(在接下来的四天里，从水上市场到卧佛寺，如果没有他，我们的旅行不会这么顺利)”可知，作者一家应是很感谢那位司机，B项“我们感激不尽”承上启下，故选B。] 5．F　[根据上文“Sometimes when things don't go according to plan, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results.(有时候，当事情没有按计划进行时，我会想起我们在街上遇到的那个陌生人，想到我们的一个小错误是如何导致意想不到的结果的)”可知，事情不按原计划发展时作者总会想起那位陌生人和那次旅行，所以空处应是总结那次旅行得出的教训，F项“这次旅行提醒我们，黑暗中总有一线光明”承接上文，故选F。] 文本词库 核心 单词 C篇 layperson n．外行，门外汉　approach n．方法　consequence n．结果　source n．来源　pioneering adj.开创性的　inhuman adj.无同情心的；非人的　underestimate v．低估　stimulate v．激励；刺激　fictional adj.虚构的　believable adj.可相信的，可信任的 核心短语 C篇 from a．..angle从……角度　organ donor器官捐献者　heart transplant心脏移植　cease to do sth.停止做某事　incorporate...into...将……包括在……内 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$