专题一 攻略(三)培优 突破解题弱项，提升关键能力（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三二轮专题复习高效讲义（新教材）

高三二轮专题复习高效讲义 英 语 阅读理解 专 题 一 01 02 03 素养培优1 社科类新名词题专项突破 素养培优2 科普类阅读专项突破 素养培优3 书评类阅读专项突破 培优 ——突破解题弱项，提升关键能力 攻略三 素养培优2 科普类阅读专项突破 素养培优3 书评类阅读专项突破 ONTENT CONTENT 谢谢观看！ 卷别 主题语境 2024年浙江1月卷阅读B 在信息化时代，我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍 2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D “群体智慧”效应指出群体讨论的结果比个人思考的结果更准确 2021年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D 情商的普及总体上利大于弊，同时作者希望科技的进步能为此类研究提供新的视角 一、考情解读 社会科学类新名词题是近几年高考命题的常考选材。此类选材话题新颖，具有鲜明的时代特色。 二、文章特点 社会科学类新名词题的文本材料往往涉及哲学、心理学和经济学等专业性概念，这些概念往往晦涩难懂。新高考着重考查考生的学习素养，即在相对简单或较为复杂的主题语境中，运用多种策略学习英语，并使用英语学习新知识、新技能、新思维方法等的意识和能力。 三、备考策略 1．加强词汇的积累 对基础薄弱的考生来说，最重要和最根本的还是学好新课标的基础词汇，并关注新课标词汇的派生词的运用。每年阅读中都会出现一些高难度的词汇，因此扩大词汇量是重点。 2．扩大阅读量和知识面 扩充知识面，了解一些通俗入门的哲学、心理学、经济学知识等，增加这些专业性的知识储备对于我们理解高考中出现的各种抽象概念会有很大帮助。 3．注重英语思维能力的培养 在解决词汇、语法等基础语言能力的基础上，提升考生的思维能力，比如可以让考生归纳段落大意、画文章结构的思维导图，精读泛读相结合。 A (2024·浙江1月卷阅读B)The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s.Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room.A single sugary treat，selected by the child，was placed on a table.Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat，they would be given a second treat.Then they were left alone in the room.Follow­up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day.We're not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats，but by our computers，phones，and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie­poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.But as we've reshaped the world around us，dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories，we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago，and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information.Our formative environment as a species was information­poor，so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information.But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment.We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information.Therefore，just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption，we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption，resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food”in order to manage our time most effectively. [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章通过20世纪60年代一项针对孩子的棉花糖实验引出作者观点——身处网络时代，我们每天都受到大量信息的诱惑，要学会做有选择的信息消费者。 1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel's test? A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers. C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat，they would be given a second treat.”可知，孩子们如果等待15分钟再吃糖，就会得到第二份奖励，故选D项。] √ 2．According to paragraph 3，there is a mismatch between ． A．the calorie­poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit C　[细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句话可知，我们获取热量所需付出的成本和努力大大减少，也就是说现在我们能够轻易获取充足的食物了，但是我们的大脑仍然和数千年前一样，因此这两者之间是不匹配的，故选C项。] √ 3．What does the author suggest readers do? A．Absorb new information readily. B．Be selective information consumers. C．Use diverse information sources. D．Protect the information environment. B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者建议我们要谨慎地对待信息消费，抵制那些对我们的精神健康有害的信息诱惑，以达到高效管理时间的目的。因此可推知，作者建议读者要做有选择的信息消费者，故选B项。] √ 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Eat Less，Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C．The Later，the Better D．The Marshmallow Test for Grown­ups D　[标题归纳题。本文围绕棉花糖实验展开，从最初针对幼儿园孩子的测试引入，说明棉花糖对孩子的影响，再类比到成人身上，阐述了在充斥着各类信息的信息大环境下，我们成年人也应该要学会抵制不良信息带来的诱惑，做一个有选择的信息消费者，因此文章重点介绍了成人面临的“棉花糖实验”，故D项最适合作文章标题。故选D项。] √ B (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism，including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works，and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. To do so，I divided the book into two parts.In part one，I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism，starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable，before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter．This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days，you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one，I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.In doing so，I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them，and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.In these chapters，I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high­quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use.Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices，which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以一本书展开，介绍了数字极简主义并倡导简单的数字生活方式。 5．What is the book aimed at? A．Teaching critical thinking skills. B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C．Solving philosophical problems. D．Promoting the use of a digital device. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”，第二段中的“digital lives”和最后一段中的“a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle”可知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。故选B项。] √ 6．What does the underlined word “declutter” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Clear­up. B．Add­on. C．Check­in. D．Take­over. A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“step away from”可知，画线词表示“清除，清理”，A项含义与画线词含义相近。故选A项。] √ 7．What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A．Theoretical models. B．Statistical methods. C．Practical examples. D．Historical analyses. C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In the final chapter of part one，I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.”和“You'll hear these participants' stories”可推知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。故选C项。] √ 8．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A．Use them as needed. B．Recommend them to friends. C．Evaluate their effects. D．Identify the ideas behind them. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.”可知，作者建议读者把这些方法当成帮助自己实现简单的数字生活方式的工具，即在需要的时候使用这些方法。故选A项。] √ 一、考情解读 科普类阅读是近几年高考命题的常考选材。 卷别 主题语境 2024年全国甲卷阅读B 文章主要介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意 2023年新高考Ⅱ卷阅读D 作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述，向读者介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护大自然 2022年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D 主要介绍了人类语音的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联研究 二、文章特点 高考英语阅读理解科普类文章思想性和时代感强，题材涉及发明创造、科技创新、科技与生活、科学研究等。文章体裁一般为说明文，语篇主要来源于英美主流报纸、杂志和网站，文章遣词造句地道，思维逻辑独具英语语言的特点。这些文章和题目不仅能让考生体会到科学的无限趣味和实际功用，而且促使考生深入思考科技创新在人类生活和发展过程中起到的重要作用。 三、备考策略 1．明晰语篇结构，抓住全文大意 考生在阅读时，首先用略读法快速浏览每段的首尾句，分析原文的文本结构，然后根据作者谋篇布局的逻辑线索归纳主旨大意。根据英语说明文思维模式特征，作者一般都会开门见山直奔主题。结尾通常也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应。因此在做主旨大意、写作意图和最佳标题等题目时，需要重点关注首尾段落里高频复现的词汇和内容。导语、主体和结尾是有机整体，解题时要综合起来进行判断。 2．识别文学标志词，进行逻辑推断 科普类文章中有大量的词汇是作者用来联系句子与句子，从而使整篇文章前后贯通、语义明确的。这些标志词(signal words)是表明句子间和段落间的逻辑关系的具有词义、语法结构标志作用的词或词组。 句子之间的逻辑关系和衔接手段有列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、补充、目的、条件等。如表示列举的词：for example, for instance；表示罗列的词：first, second, third; to begin with, to conclude；表示转折的词：however, but, whereas；表示原因的词：because, since, as；表示结果的词：so, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result；表示对照的词：on the contrary, by contrast, in comparison；表示目的的词：so that, in order that等。 标志词就像指路牌一样，指明作者思路发展的方向和思路之间的逻辑联系。还有一些出现在术语、抽象概念、长难句前后的同义词、近义词等，都是用以理解文章的语境线索。标志词前后的信息往往都是命题和答题的主要线索或依据，因此，标志词的识别对考生更快更好地理解文章具有举足轻重的作用。 A (2024·全国甲卷阅读B)Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance，almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry，it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However，when a cat is looking for affection，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. Cats have many heightened senses，but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However，another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats，which they don't usually like. Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit，but cats take this behavior up a notch．Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it! [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猫的生活习性，它们的叫声特别，能与人类交流，嗅觉敏锐，能识别主人，许多猫会将在外面找到的物品带给主人表达爱意。 1．What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph? A．It's a survival skill. B．It's taught by mother cats. C．It's hard to interpret. D．It's getting louder with age. A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows...to attract attention and find food.”和“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat...be fed.”可知，猫用喵喵叫和人对话。如果一只宠物猫饿了，它会不停地喵喵叫以吸引注意力并找到食物。喵喵叫从小猫一出生就开始了，小猫用它来吸引猫妈妈的注意并被喂食。由此可知，喵喵叫是猫的生存技能。] √ 2．How does a pet cat assess different situations? A．By listening for sounds. B．By touching familiar objects. C．By checking on smells. D．By communicating with other cats. C　[推理判断题。根据第二段的“They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger...looking for familiar smells.”可知，猫用鼻子评估环境并留心任何危险迹象。它们能够区分不同环境的另一种方法是寻找熟悉的气味。由此可推知，猫通过检查气味来评估不同的环境。故选C。] √ 3．Which best explains the phrase “take this behavior up a notch” in paragraph 3? A．Perform appropriately. B．Move faster. C．Act strangely. D．Do better. D　[词义猜测题。画线部分前提到狗以其令人印象深刻的取物习惯而闻名，下文介绍了猫的行为，它们会将在外面找到的物品带到主人身边以表达它们的爱意。由此可推知，与狗相比，猫更擅长“去取物品来表达对主人的喜爱”。故画线部分在此意为“做得更好”。故选D。] √ 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Tips on Finding a Smart Cat B．Understanding Your Cat's Behavior C．Have Fun with Your Cat D．How to Keep Your Cat Healthy B　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了猫的行为和它们表达需求和情感的方式，旨在帮助人们更好地理解猫的行为。故B项“理解你的猫的行为”最适合作文章标题。] √ B (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读D)As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you're lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well­being. The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park­goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding (编码) experiences into different categories.For example，one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”． Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human­nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述，向读者介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护大自然。 5．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”以及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，在城市里很难找寻到野生大自然。故选B项。] √ 6．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park­goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries. D　[推理判断题。根据第四段可知，研究人员这样做是为了从访客的总结材料中找出模式。故选D项。] √ 7．What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. C　[推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的自然体验会有不同的表现形式。故选C项。] √ 8．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段Kahn说的话“And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护自然。故选B项。] √ 一、考情解读 书评是近几年高考常考的文体，语篇思辨性强，有些还涉及专业知识。 卷别 主题语境 2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C 介绍了一本解释了何为数字极简主义的书，并提供了实现极简主义生活方式的方法 2023年新高考Ⅱ卷阅读C 介绍了《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书的内容以及本文作者对纸质书的乐观看法 2023年全国甲卷阅读C 介绍了哲学著作《苏格拉底哲学快车》，该书语言幽默，陈述直白，却能让读者深刻思考日常生活中的欲望、孤独等哲学问题 2020年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C 介绍《追逐大海：迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵之中》这本书的诞生 二、文章特点 在书评的开头，往往会用简单明了的语言介绍将要谈论的书籍、作者和主题。在书评的核心部分，一般会分析书籍的主题和写作过程，并解释作者想要表达的观点。用引用和实例来支持作者的观点，并且展开详细的解释。在书评的最后，往往会总结观点、评价及影响。 三、备考策略 1．通过分析不同领域的书评，提升自己跨学科思维的能力。书评中可能会涉及特定的文化或历史背景知识，如果缺乏这方面的知识，可能会影响对书评内容的理解和分析。 2．了解书评语篇结构特点，抓住文章的中心观点。有时作者可能不会明确表达自己的观点，而是通过对书籍内容的描述和分析来暗示，这要求考生能够从细节中推断出作者的观点。 3．分析书评的写作风格和语言特点，提高英语阅读素养和鉴赏能力。 A (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读C)Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history，in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists' representations of books and reading，we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to． Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智)，wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated.From a 21st­century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery­powered e­reader.To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off­line” activity. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。 1．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on the art of writing. C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A review of modern paintings. A　[文章出处题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。故选A项。] √ 2．What are the selected artworks about? A．Wealth and intellect. B．Home and school. C．Books and reading. D．Work and leisure. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知，被选中的艺术品强调的是图书和阅读，故选C项。] √ 3．What do the underlined words “relate to” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Understand. B．Paint. C．Seize. D．Transform. A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.”中的but表达的语境可知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。故画线词意为“理解”，故选A项。] √ 4．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e­reader? A．The printed book is not totally out of date. B．Technology has changed the way we read. C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D．People now rarely have the patience to read. A　[写作目的题。根据本文尾句“And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives...offers the chance of a wholly private，‘off­line’activity.”可知，在我们日益网络化的生活中，我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪，与之相反，印刷书仍然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。该句强调了印刷书的价值，据此可知，作者提及电子书旨在说明印刷书并未完全过时，故选A项。] √ B (2023·全国甲卷阅读C)I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World.It was full of ideas that were new to me，so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学). That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college.Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault，Baudrillard，or Confucius better than you—and then try to explain them. Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy.It is not an explanation，but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche.This，more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life. He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences，and he does so with plenty of humor.Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history，and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation. The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness，and aging.The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book.I encourage you to take his offer.It's worth your time，even if time is something we don't have a lot of. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。作者在 13 岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后 Weiner 的书 The Socrates Express唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。 5．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author? A．Foucault.　　 B．Eric Weiner. C．Jostein Gaarder. D．A college teacher. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World.”可知，Jostein Gaarder 为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选 C项。] √ 6．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4? A．To compare Weiner with them. B．To give examples of great works. C．To praise their writing skills. D．To help readers understand Weiner's book. D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter...and have no regrets like Nietzsche.”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了 Weiner 书的内容，接着作者通过列举几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解 Weiner的书。故选 D项。] √ 7．What does the author like about The Socrates Express? A．Its views on history are well­presented. B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life. C．It includes comments from readers. D．It leaves an open ending. B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“This，more than a book about understanding philosophy，is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.”可知，作者喜欢 The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选 B项。] √ 8．What does the author think of Weiner's book? A．Objective and plain. B．Daring and ambitious. C．Serious and hard to follow. D．Humorous and straightforward. D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosophical thought...so with plenty of humor.”可知，Weiner的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun...loneliness，and aging.”可知，Weiner的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选 D项。] √ $$