专题一 攻略(二)妙招(六) 找措辞——解“观点态度题”（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三二轮专题复习高效讲义（新教材）

高三二轮专题复习高效讲义 英 语 阅读理解 专 题 一 妙招(六) 找措辞——解“观点态度题” 答题 ——掌握8大解题妙招，快速答题 攻略二 真题示例 2024·全国甲卷阅读C ONTENT CONTENT 谢谢观看！ 从近几年高考来看，观点态度题主要有推测作者的态度和推测文中人物的观点态度两种情况。观点态度题属于高阶思维阅读题，需要考生从字里行间揣摩作者或文中人物等的观点和态度，近几年高考的设问方式： 文中人物的态度 (2024·全国甲卷阅读C篇) 31.What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services? 作者的 态度 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇) 35.What is the author's attitude toward Navajas' studies？ (2023·全国甲卷阅读C篇) 31.What does the author think of Weiner's book？ (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇) 34.What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence？ 一、解题步骤 第一步：辨识主体 要注意区分试题考查的是作者的态度还是文中人物的态度。 第二步：定位原文 结合题干人物和内容定位原文出现在哪一(些)段；然后仔细比对该句言外之意。 第三步：依据措辞判定观点态度 从近几年高考来看，文章一般不会直接给出作者或者文中人物的观点态度，这时要学会根据作者在文章中所运用词汇的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。 二、解题技巧 1．关注原文信息的主观评论词和表达主观感受的措辞，如情态动词、形容词和副词，某些时候，动词和名词也能传达观点态度； 2．作者的观点一般在文章尾段，所以题干问到作者观点时，要优先从尾段寻找； 3．选objective(客观的)的情况：在涉及正反观点对比的文章中，如果文中对某物辩证性地做出正面评价，也做出负面评价，作者的观点通常是客观的； 4．选neutral(中立的)的情况：文章中没有做出具体评价，仅仅只是客观介绍一个事物及其存在的相关评价，作者的态度通常是中立的。 三、表示态度的词汇 乐观支持类 optimistic乐观的；positive肯定的；favorable 支持的，赞同的；supportive支持的；approving赞成的；appreciative欣赏的；感激的 消极反对类 negative否定的；opposite相反的；unfair不公正的；doubtful怀疑的；critical批评的；ironic讽刺的；skeptical质疑的；disappointed失望的；disapproving不赞同的；pessimistic悲观的；dismissive轻蔑的，不屑一顾的 客观中立类 objective客观的；neutral中立的；unprejudiced没有偏见的 其他类 conservative保守的；cautious谨慎的；tolerant宽容的；uncertain/ambiguous 不确定的；unclear不清楚的；indifferent/uncaring/unconcerned/uninterested不关心的；carefree 无牵挂的；cautious谨慎的 Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The train's equipment allows for basic checkups.“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke.“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” 31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services? A．Appreciative.　 B．Doubtful. C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious. 【解题分析】 第一步：辨识主体 由题干可知，观点态度的主体是文中人物Ducke。 第二步：定位原文 由题干关键词Ducke可以定位到本文最后一段。 第三步：依据措辞判定观点态度 根据最后一段的“ I was very impressed ”和“ They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas列车服务的态度是赞赏的，故选A。 √ A (2024·合肥市高三第二次教学质检)Out in the Atlantic Ocean, roughly 60 miles off the northwest coast of Africa, lie the Canary Islands.In the 1950s, the boom in package tourism showed promise as a new cash crop.But while the Canary Islands had the sunshine, warm climate and ease of access from Europe needed for this new industry, they were missing a vital element—picture­postcard sandy beaches. So the developers on Tenerife in the Canary Islands constructed a breakwater (防波堤) over half a mile long.And then, from the Western Sahara on Africa's northwest coast, they shipped in 270，000 tons of sand.By 1973, the project was complete.As anticipated, tourists arrived.Along the engineered beach, rows and rows of tourists relax on beach chairs under umbrellas or walk across soft sand to cool down in the water. Unanticipated was what their presence gave to one of the world's most endangered fish species, angel sharks—visibility.The gentle wind creates tiny waves on the water's surface, a magical cover for what lies beneath—an angel shark nursery.Female angel sharks regularly migrate (迁徙) to these ideally sheltered waters to give birth to pups (幼小动物), who remain in the shallows for about a year.Feeding on small fishes, they grow to around the same length as a newborn human baby. Surveys have shown that other beaches in the Canary Islands are also potential nursery sites.Interestingly, most of them have been remade to make them more attractive to people.Playa Chica has another long sweep of imported sand.It's an attraction for divers as well as angel sharks, so the number of sightings of mature angel sharks of this shoreline is one of the highest in the islands. Normally, massive, environmentally disruptive projects are bad for wildlife.But what's clear is that after the breakwater was built and the sand arrived, people followed, and in the calm, shallow waters they began to see baby angel sharks.And unlike the cases where an association between humans and wildlife ended in conflict and dead animals, this time it led to conservation. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。20世纪70年代，为了吸引游客，加那利群岛建了一个人造沙滩，吸引了无数的游客，而沙滩的形成给天使鲨创造了繁殖的场所，从而促进了对天使鲨的保护。 1．Why did the developers on Tenerife carry out the project? A．To build a base for shipping. B．To fight against the rising sea. C．To boost the local tourism industry. D．To protect the island's ecosystem. C　[细节理解题。根据题干中的“the developers on Tenerife”可锁定第二段。根据第二段第一句“So the developers on Tenerife in the Canary Islands constructed a breakwater (防波堤)”可知，加那利群岛特内里费岛的开发商建造防波堤的原因在第一段。根据第一段中的“the boom in package tourism showed promise as a new cash crop...they were missing a vital element—picture­postcard sandy beaches”可知，特内里费岛的开发商建造防波堤的原因是想促进当地的旅游业，故C项正确。] √ 2．What was an unexpected result of the project? A．It gave angel sharks a home. B．It made a magical tourist attraction. C．It caused the disappearance of some fishes. D．It created conflict between sharks and tourists. A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The gentle wind creates tiny waves...to give birth to pups (幼小动物), who remain in the shallows for about a year”可知，温和的风在水面上产生了小波浪，下面是天使鲨的繁殖场。雌性天使鲨定期迁徙到这些理想的庇护水域产下幼崽，它们在浅滩停留大约一年。据此可知，这项工程意想不到地为天使鲨创造了家园，故A项正确。] √ 3．What is the author's attitude toward the engineered beach? A．Intolerant. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Favorable. D　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“after the breakwater was built...it led to conservation”可知，人造沙滩的建造让游客数量增加、为天使鲨提供了繁殖场所并促进了动物保护。据此可知，作者对这个人造沙滩的态度是赞成的，故选D。] √ 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To highlight the financial benefits of tourism. B．To explain the situation of endangered species. C．To introduce potential human­wildlife coexistence. D．To emphasize the importance of wildlife conservation. C　[写作意图题。本文主要讲述了为了推动当地的旅游发展，加那利群岛建了一个人造沙滩，吸引了无数的游客，而沙滩的形成给天使鲨创造了繁殖的场所，并促成了动物保护。据此可以推断，本文的写作目的在于介绍人与自然和谐共存的一个有效方式，故C项正确。A项“为了强调旅游业的经济效益”；B项“为了解释濒危物种的状况”；C项“为了介绍人类和野生生物共处的可能性”；D项“为了强调野生生物保护的重要性”。] √ B (2024·福建高中毕业班适应性练习)Researchers at MIT created a high­tech pill that starts to vibrate(振动) once it makes contact with liquid in the user's stomach and makes him or her feel full.The pill was reportedly thought up by Shriya Srinivasan, currently an assistant professor of bioengineering at Harvard University. VIBES, short for Vibrating Ingestible BioElectronic Stimulator, was only recently made public in a study published in the Science journal, but it is already being announced by the media as the future of weight loss.Although it has yet to be tested on humans, trials on pigs have achieved very hopeful results.After about 30 minutes of VIBES activity, pigs consumed on average almost 40 percent less food in the next half hour than they did without the smart pill.Apparently, the revolutionary device works by activating stretch receptors in the stomach, modeling the presence of food.This in turn signals the hypothalamus(下丘脑) to increase the levels of hormones that make us feel full.The vibrating stimulator, which is about the size of a vitamin pill, is powered by an encased battery and activated either by the gastric fluid(胃液) breaking down the coat around the pill, or by an incorporated timer.After producing the desired effect, the pill exits the body with other solid waste. The good news is that it is expected to have a cost in the cents to one dollar range, and researchers say that it may eventually be possible to implant the stimulator and thus remove the need for people to constantly swallow it. “Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of a low­cost, non­operative intervention to reduce food intake and calorie consumption.The device functions effectively in the stomach and leads to fullness，” said Giovanni Traverso, co­author of the study.“The device has the potential to revolutionize options for weight loss treatment.However, future studies will be needed to explore the physiological effects of the device before it's available for patients.” Researchers are now exploring ways to scale up the producing of VIBES capsules which could enable clinical trials on humans. [语篇解读]本文是说明文，主要讲述了麻省理工学院的研究人员研发出了一款神奇的药丸，人吃上这种药片就会产生饱腹感，从而减少食物摄入量，达到减肥的效果。 5．What is the outcome of taking the pill? A．Liquid production. B．Food storage. C．A sensation of fullness. D．Recovery of users. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“once it makes contact with liquid in the user's stomach and makes him or her feel full”可知，一旦吃了这种药片，人就会产生饱腹感，故选C。sensation“感觉，知觉”。] √ 6．Which aspect of the device is mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．Its working principle. B．Its intelligence. C．Its testing history. D．Its side effect. √ A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the revolutionary device works by activating stretch receptors in the stomach, modeling the presence of food...After producing the desired effect, the pill exits the body with other solid waste”可知，这种革命性的装置的工作原理是激活胃中的牵张感受器，模拟食物的存在。这反过来又使下丘脑增加能使我们感到饱腹的激素水平。振动刺激器由被包裹的电池供电，通过胃液分解药丸周围的涂层，或由被包含的定时器激活。在产生预期的效果后，药丸与其他固体废物一起离开身体。由此可见，本段讲到了该设备的工作原理，故A项正确。] 7．What is the researchers' ultimate goal of the device? A．To produce gastric fluid with it. B．To destroy the coat around it. C．To fix it in the human body. D．To remove solid waste from it. C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it may eventually be possible to implant the stimulator and thus remove the need for people to constantly swallow it”可知，研究人员希望最终将该刺激器植入体内，从而使人们不必不断吞下它，故C项正确。] √ 8．What is Giovanni Traverso's attitude towards the future of the device? A．Worried. B．Cautious. C．Doubtful. D．Confused. B　[观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中Giovanni Traverso所说的话“future studies will be needed to explore the physiological effects of the device before it's available for patients”可知，在该设备上市之前还需要进行研究以探索其生理效应。据此可以推断，Giovanni Traverso对该设备的前景持谨慎态度，故选B。] √ $$