高一英语月考卷（上海专用，沪外版2020必修二 Units 3～4）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中下学期第一次月考

( ………………○……………… 外 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○……………… 外 ………………○……………… 装 ………………○……………… 订 ………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期第一次月考卷（沪外版2020） （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：必修二Unit3~4（沪外版2020）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard 1 (climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, exhausted and hot, I couldn’t go any 2 (far). So we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question 3 left me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered 4 thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly 5 his dream was－to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, 6 I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but however tough life was, he never gave up. “There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently. That night I 7 hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation?” I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant putting everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by myself. It made me think: 8 we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and 9 (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. 10 could be more pleasant than that. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．deceive       B．demanding       C． diversity          D．exposed      E. extreme F. instant        G. perceived        H. prioritize          I. recall        J. specific K. survival   ‘Face Blindness’: Why People Blank on Faces at Work Recognizing people is a basic courtesy (礼貌) — especially in the workplace. But many people have felt the stress of desperately trying to 11 the workmate sitting opposite them, only for a complete failure. Not only is it a source of embarrassment, but it can be 12 as impolite: that someone hasn’t taken the time and effort to learn anything about the other person. However, being able to memorize someone’s appearance, particularly if they’re relatively unfamiliar, and recollect them in a(n) 13 — days, weeks, or maybe months later — needs a vast suite of cognitive (认知的) resources: from parts of the brain 14 to facial recognition, to visual processing and long-term memory. Learning and recognizing faces is one of the most cognitively 15 and neurologically (神经学地) complex tasks we engage in. But alongside science, there are cultural and societal factors at play that can leave us blanking on who is making conversation with us at work Not only do we tend to remember people who look more like us, but we also 16 learning the faces of those we consider to be of greater importance to our lives: senior members of the staff, or those in positions of power. Throughout a lifetime, humans learn to recognize thousands of faces. Some research has shown that at the 17 end, the figure can be as high as 10,000. Generally, people are skilled at learning and recognizing so many faces, as 18 once depended on it. The evolutionary need to be able to quickly tell friend from foe (敌人) explains why people are hardwired to remember the faces of loved ones and those most familiar. In the modern world, people are frequently 19 to more faces in a single day than across their ancestor’s entire lifetimes. It means they’re more likely to be in a situation in which they draw a facial blank. However, recognizing people is a skill. If people want to bring forth change and greater 20 among offices, it’s beneficial to really try and remember the faces of people who fall into an individual’s unlikely to recognize’ pool. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be 21 without oranges. The sweet fruit not only adorns decorated homes, but also 22 as a good snack for visitors because it peels easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a long history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would 23 fruit like oranges, dates (枣子) or persimmons (柿子) beside their children’s pillows, along with red envelopes under the pillow. The tradition was meant to 24 monsters from folk tales. The children would then eat the fruit upon waking up the next morning. There are many 25 for why oranges have come to be considered such a lucky symbol. A major part of that comes from pronunciation. Some say the Mandarin pronunciation of the fruit “ju” sounds like the word for “ji” (good luck). Others 26 its Cantonese pronunciation “gam,” which is the same as the word “gold.” The Chinese are known for a good amount of “luck talk” during Chinese New Year. The practice is believed to be a sign of good 27 for the rest of the year. Other fruit considered auspicious in Chinese culture include the apple, a homophone for “ 28 ” and the lychee, a homophone for “profit.” 29 , of course, is nearly as popular as the orange during the festival. Besides having an auspicious ring to its name, the reddish golden color and round shape of oranges are also 30 seen as symbols of good luck. They’ve even 31 Chinese art lasting thousands of years. The 32 poem The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan sings the praises of a young man, with the fruit and tree as its central metaphor. A letter to a friend by Wang Xizhi, 33 by a gift of oranges, remains the great calligrapher’s most famous passages nearly 2,000 years later. Today, the orange is such a popular fruit that people will shell out for the highest quality ones they can find. Meanwhile, the rest looking to buy regular, 34 oranges usually have to deal with demand-driven price rises during Chinese New Year. The fruit has become practically a(an) 35 for the most important holiday in almost every household in China. 21．A．capable B．complete C．complex D．common 22．A．regards B．creates C．serves D．stands 23．A．supply B．place C．carry D．deliver 24．A．set off B．put off C．ward off D．show off 25．A．explanations B．contributions C．conclusions D．occasions 26．A．attach to B．point to C．contribute to D．object to 27．A．attitude B．fortune C．attempt D．benefit 28．A．bonus B．affair C．advance D．safety 29．A．either B．neither C．something D．everything 30．A．barely B．widely C．causally D．necessarily 31．A．blocked B．inspired C．assembled D．approached 32．A．typical B．ancient C．ordinary D．critical 33．A．adapted B．aroused C．accompanied D．assessed 34．A．autonomous B．affordable C．artificial D．apparent 35．A．alternative B．attempt C．base D．necessity Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A With the most attractive view along the road, it is a popular route for cyclists: the road from Land’s End in England to John O’ Groats in Scotland, about 874 miles long. It covers almost the full length of Great Britain. The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route. Chandler took 20 days to finish the challenge. Each day, he cycled between 40 to 60 miles. He spent six hours on his mountain bike daily. Chandler had to push through rainy and windy days. Cycling uphill was also hard. “It was much harder than I thought. I wasn’t expecting so many hills and how busy the roads were,” Chandler said. “But if you put your mind to anything, then no matter how big, you can do it.” Chandler first thought of trying the route when he read an article about it two years ago. Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it. He was already used to cycling around his village and to school before starting his journey. During his ride, Chandler raised 600 pounds for Smile Train, a children’s organization that pays for treatment for children in developing countries who have deft lips (兔唇). 36．What do we know about Laurence Chandler? A．He is a green hand in cycling. B．He is fond of jogging. C．He cycled through England. D．He is a cycling lover. 37．What is suggested from Paragraph 2? A．Few people chose to cycle the route. B．Chandler was challenged by the trip. C．The journey was really disappointing. D．Chandler rode the same distance every day. 38．What helped Chandler decide to try the route? A．His father’s birthday. B．The voluntary work. C．A related article. D．The disabled children. 39．What’s the best title for the text? A．A teenager finishing a great trip B．A popular cycling route in the UK C．A road leading England to Scotland D．A children’s organization for cyclists B Penguin Fun Clubs are found on campsites throughout Europe. Our clubs offer a range of enjoyable activities for children aged 4-14 years and deliver exciting times that children love and parents trust. Our fun-packed clubs are located throughout France, Spain, Italy, Germany and the UK, where our fame for high quality childcare depends on the professionalism and hard work of our on-camp staff. We are looking for enthusiastic and caring young adults to work in our camps for all or part of the coming Summer season. Why work for Penguin Fun Clubs? ●Penguin Fun Clubs offer full-day in-house training by our experienced training team, including a course in basic first-aid. ●You will meet and work with like-minded individuals. ●We will pay expenses to cover your return journey to the campsite where you are based. ●You will be given accommodation and food throughout your time at the camp. ●We are flexible if you’ re only able to work for part of the season. ●Impress us on camp and there’s the opportunity to work with us for many seasons to come. ●We run Penguin Fun Clubs throughout the summer from July to September. Job description As a Penguin Fun Club helper, you will work with small groups of children supervising them in a range of structured activities and using equipment provided by the camp. (There is plenty of opportunity to design your own activities for your group. )Clubs will run in the mornings from 10:00 to 12:30 and in the evenings from 17:00 to 19:00. All Penguin Fun Club helpers will work for six days a week. In your free time you will have full access to all the campsite facilities. Requirements All applicants: ●must be over 16 years of age ●should have an interest in working with children ●have some knowledge of the language of the country where they wish to work ●be enthusiastic and have excellent communication skills 40．The passage is aimed to __________________. A．introduce the job opportunities Penguin Fun Clubs will offer B．promote Penguin Fun Clubs as a great place of entertainment for kids C．look for those interested in helping Penguin Fun Clubs this summer D．recommend the exciting activities that Penguin Fun Clubs provide 41．Those working for Penguin Fun Clubs need to __________________. A．be able to work from July to September B．pay for the transportation to and from the club C．find a place near the club to live in the summer D．talk in the language of the country where they work 42．What can Penguin Fun Clubs on-camp staff do? A．Work just 30 hours a week. B．Use all campsite facilities. C．Get a full-day outdoor training. D．Design entertainment equipment for kids. C When we experience something painful, our brain produces natural painkillers that are chemically similar to powerful drugs such as morphine. Now research suggests these natural painkillers, also called endogenous opioids, play another role: helping regulate the body’s energy. Lauri Nummenmaa, a brain-imaging scientist at the University of Turku in Finland and his colleagues measured endogenous opioid release in the brains of 10 healthy men. The subjects were injected with a radioactive substance that binds to opioid receptors, making it possible to visualize the receptors’ activity using positron-emission tomography (正电子放射断层造影术). The study found evidence of natural painkillers in the men’s brains after they ate a satisfying meal of pizza. Surprisingly, their brains released even more of the endogenous opioids after they ate a far less pleasant — but nutritionally similar — liquid meal of what Nummenmaa called “nutritional goo.” Although the subjects rated the pizza as tastier than the goo, opioid release did not appear to relate to their enjoyment of the meal, the researchers reported earlier this year in the Journal of Neuroscience. “I would’ve expected the opposite result,” says Paul Burghardt, an investigator at Wayne State University, who was not involved in the work. After all, previous human and animal studies led researchers to believe that endogenous opioids helped to convey the pleasure of eating. Nummenmma, too, was surprised. His group earlier research showed that obese (肥胖的) people’s brains had fewer opioid receptors — but that receptor levels recover with weight loss. “Maybe when people overeat, endogenous opioids released in the brain constantly attack the receptors, so they decrease in number, ” he says. Why more opioids flooded the brain after the goo versus the pizza remains a mystery, but then researchers guess that faster digestion of the liquid meal may have produced more of the chemicals at the time of the scan, 15 minutes after eating. The new results may indicate that opioids play a wider role in energy metabolism (新陈代谢) than scientists previously thought. One possibility is that the opioid system is activated by the satisfaction of a full stomach and refreshed energy, Nummenmma says. “If you take a step back and look at conditions that activate opioid release — pain, feeding, pleasure — they are all related to homeostasis,” or keeping the body’s energy in balance, he explains. “The most interesting thing is that eating activated the system even in the absence of sensory pleasure. ” 43．What does Paul Burghardt mean by “the opposite result” (in paragraph 4)? A．The body’s energy balance plays an unexpectedly important role in killing pain. B．The more you enjoy your meal, the more the endogenous opioids are released. C．It is the nutrition rather than the taste that give people the pleasure of eating. D．Dissatisfying meals call for brains to produce more natural painkillers. 44．What did Numnenmna’s group find in their earlier research? A．How many opioid receptors people have in their brain is related to their weight. B．Overeating is a major problem people have if they have fewer opioid receptors. C．Faster digestion can help the body to absorb more endogenous opioid. D．The goo is more effective in activating people’s opioid release. 45．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A．people need to eat less to keep their body’s energy in good balance B．opioids are released when there is an imbalance in the body’s energy C．eating can repair a person’s opioid system as long as there is sensory pleasure D．conditions that activate opioid release should be rechecked to confirm the findings 46．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The absence of sensory pleasure affects how well opioids work. B．Natural painkillers work better than powerful drugs like morphine. C．The brain releases feel-good chemicals even after unpleasant meals. D．Pain plays the same role as pleasure in giving people a good appetite. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.You’re Choosing a Gift. Here’s What Not to Do. On Christmas morning, a husband quietly apologizes to his wife that his gifts this year are humble-money is tight. She bravely declares that she loves the sweater. Later, as the children play with their new toys, the husband reveals one last gift box. 47 She squeals (发出尖叫声) with astonished delight. This advertising is not just cloying (令人生厌的). It also feeds some false beliefs people commonly hold about what makes gift receivers happy. Fortunately, psychological and marketing research shows that these beliefs are wrong. 48 Ignore price. When researchers asked people to recall a gift they gave and then to rate how much they thought receivers liked it, higher prices went with higher ratings. But when people made the same ratings for a gift they had received, price was completely unrelated to enjoyment. 49 Gift givers tend to focus on how pleasurable it would be to use the gift, but overlook how easily or often the gift will be used; a husband might imagine his wife feeling like a million dollars in her diamonds, but ignore the fact that she seldom wears formal jewelry. Don’t worry if your gift isn’t usable immediately. In one experiment, researchers asked people to compare different types of gifts: One was immediately appealing, like a dozen flowers in full bloom, or, for a similar price, a gift that would be more satisfying in the long term, like two dozen buds that would bloom in a few days. 50 However, others who were asked which they’d like to receive picked the latter. A．Give people what they ask for: B．Give gifts that are actually usable. C．In it the wife discovers a diamond necklace. D．It also offers guidance for picking gifts, people will actually like. E．When people thought they would give the gift, they preferred the former. F．Gift givers think that unexpectedness adds value because it shows thoughtfulness IV. Words & Phrases （10分） Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Each phrase can be used only once. There are three more phrases than you need. well off;  be keen on;  be ashamed of;  in all ;   on behalf of ;  refer to 51．They would never that matter again. 52．You should yourself for telling such lies. 53．In addition, a hero must be optimistic and diligent and his hard work. 54．It won't be long before the Chinese people will become . 55．Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help my colleagues. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．make sense   B．in that   C． participate in   D．differ from   E. stick to   F. hold back   G. the instant   H. so that    I. take on     J. glance at   K. concentrate on 56．Whatever setbacks we meet, we should our goals. 57．If you this project, it will mean a lot of extra work. 58．Though they are twins, they each other in many ways. 59．This is such a moving story that I can hardly my tears. 60．Some words and phrases in British English don’t to the Americans. 61．His parents encourage him to the after-class activities at school. 62．I was deeply attracted by the great view I arrived at this tourist attraction. 63．He is not likely to watch the basketball match he has many assignments to do. 64．You can have good performance in the exam on condition that you every lesson. 65．He has been under much pressure recently, his health has been affected. V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 66．为何人们都反对这个对环保有积极影响的举措？(object) 67．纪念品的价格从十元到一千元不等，以满足不同游客的需求。(range) 68． 背诵单词，切莫苛求数量和频率，持之以恒方能见效。(a difference) 69．他在讲座中提到的那个想法将有助于我们更好理解人工智能。(contribute) VI. Guided Writing （25分） 70．Directions: Write an English paragraph in no less than 70 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明。你校拟为高一学生增设“唐诗英译(Translating Tang Poems into English)”社团，并就此征询学生意见。请写封邮件给负责人朱老师，在邮件的主体段落： 1)表明你是否会加入该社团； 2)陈述你的理由。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第1页（共12页） 试题 第2页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年高一英语下学期第一次月考 答题卡 姓 名： 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 注意事项 2 2 2 2 2 2 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚， 3 并认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码 3 3 3 3 3 2.选择題必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5mm 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 56 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3,请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 7 7 7 7 7 7 4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 涂改液、刮纸刀。 口 31 IAI[BIICID 36 1AlIBIICHD 22 1A11B1ielDi 27txfB时tcfD叶 32寸Af81tCfD计 371A11B11CI1D1 23 1AlIBIICIIDI 选择题1《请用2B铅笔填涂I 38 1A1IBIICIDI 241AJIBIICIIDI 291AIIBIICID 34 1A][BIICIDI 39 1AJIBIICHDI 25 1AIIBIICIIDI 30 1AIIBIICIIDI 35 1AIIBIICIDI 40 1AIIBIICHDI 41 IAIIBIICIIDI 461AIIBIICIIDI 42IA11B11C11D1 471A11B1IC1ID11E11F1 431AIIBIICIIDI 481AIIBIICIIDIIEIIFI :: 441AIIBIICIIDI 49IAIIBIICIIDIIEIIFI 45 1AIIBIICIIDI 50 1AIIBIICIIDIIEIIFI 非选择题（请在各试题的答题区内作答） II,Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1 2- 3 5. 6. 7. 9 10. Section B 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16 17 18. 19. 20. 英语第1页（共2页） 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ IV.Words Phrases (10) 密… 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. V、Translation 封一 66、 67、 线 68、 69、 VI、Guided Writing 请在各题日的答题区峡谁作款起件制形边框限定区域的答案无效！2024-2025学年高一英语下学期第一次月考 答题卡 姓 名: 缺考 标记 贴条形码区 准考证号 ■ #0-t1010oN C C C C C C o4N100 C ②1-N10A10N C 我 1 #-0A 1 注意事项 AN0A0 N1041n N 0)A N ) 1. 答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,并 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须用0.5mm 4 n。 黑色字迹的签字笔填写,字体工整。 n) n 3. 请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答,超出答题区域范围 , 的答案无效,在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 1 1 1 1 1 4. 保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂 , 改液、刮纸刀。 __11 21.1A11B1IClID1 26 1A11B11CI|ID 31 1A11B11Cl1D1 36 |A11B11CIl|D1 22-1A1TB1TC1D1 C1Dt 312B铅笔填途clD 371311B11C11D 23 1A1|B1|CIID1 选择题:请用 38 [A]1B]|C]ID] 24 1A11B11CIID1 29 1A11B11C11D] 34 1A11B11Cl1D1 39 1A11B11Cl1ID1 35 1A1IB11CIID1 25 1A11B1ICIIDI 30 1A11B1|Cl1D1 40. 1A11B11CIID1 41 1A11B11C11D1 46 1A11B11C11D1 42 IA11B11C11D] 47 IA11B11C11D1IE11F1 43 1A11B11C11D1 48 1A11B11C11D11E11F1 1A11B11C11D1 44 49 1A11B11C11D11E11F1 45 IA11B11C11D 50 IA11B11C11D11E11F1 班 将 非选择题(请在各试题的答题区内作答) II、Grammar and Vocabulary SectionA 6 10 Section B 12. 13. 19. 18. 16. 17. 20. -)二) 请在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 英语第1页(共2页) IV. Words &: Phrases (10分) 51. 52. 53. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 65 V、Translation 66、 67、 68。 69 VI、Guided Writing 请在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 英语第2页(共2页 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期第一次月考卷（沪外版2020） （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：必修二Unit3~4（沪外版2020）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard 1 (climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, exhausted and hot, I couldn’t go any 2 (far). So we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question 3 left me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered 4 thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly 5 his dream was－to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, 6 I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but however tough life was, he never gave up. “There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently. That night I 7 hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation?” I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant putting everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by myself. It made me think: 8 we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and 9 (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. 10 could be more pleasant than that. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．deceive       B．demanding       C． diversity          D．exposed      E. extreme F. instant        G. perceived        H. prioritize          I. recall        J. specific K. survival   ‘Face Blindness’: Why People Blank on Faces at Work Recognizing people is a basic courtesy (礼貌) — especially in the workplace. But many people have felt the stress of desperately trying to 11 the workmate sitting opposite them, only for a complete failure. Not only is it a source of embarrassment, but it can be 12 as impolite: that someone hasn’t taken the time and effort to learn anything about the other person. However, being able to memorize someone’s appearance, particularly if they’re relatively unfamiliar, and recollect them in a(n) 13 — days, weeks, or maybe months later — needs a vast suite of cognitive (认知的) resources: from parts of the brain 14 to facial recognition, to visual processing and long-term memory. Learning and recognizing faces is one of the most cognitively 15 and neurologically (神经学地) complex tasks we engage in. But alongside science, there are cultural and societal factors at play that can leave us blanking on who is making conversation with us at work Not only do we tend to remember people who look more like us, but we also 16 learning the faces of those we consider to be of greater importance to our lives: senior members of the staff, or those in positions of power. Throughout a lifetime, humans learn to recognize thousands of faces. Some research has shown that at the 17 end, the figure can be as high as 10,000. Generally, people are skilled at learning and recognizing so many faces, as 18 once depended on it. The evolutionary need to be able to quickly tell friend from foe (敌人) explains why people are hardwired to remember the faces of loved ones and those most familiar. In the modern world, people are frequently 19 to more faces in a single day than across their ancestor’s entire lifetimes. It means they’re more likely to be in a situation in which they draw a facial blank. However, recognizing people is a skill. If people want to bring forth change and greater 20 among offices, it’s beneficial to really try and remember the faces of people who fall into an individual’s unlikely to recognize’ pool. III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be 21 without oranges. The sweet fruit not only adorns decorated homes, but also 22 as a good snack for visitors because it peels easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a long history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would 23 fruit like oranges, dates (枣子) or persimmons (柿子) beside their children’s pillows, along with red envelopes under the pillow. The tradition was meant to 24 monsters from folk tales. The children would then eat the fruit upon waking up the next morning. There are many 25 for why oranges have come to be considered such a lucky symbol. A major part of that comes from pronunciation. Some say the Mandarin pronunciation of the fruit “ju” sounds like the word for “ji” (good luck). Others 26 its Cantonese pronunciation “gam,” which is the same as the word “gold.” The Chinese are known for a good amount of “luck talk” during Chinese New Year. The practice is believed to be a sign of good 27 for the rest of the year. Other fruit considered auspicious in Chinese culture include the apple, a homophone for “ 28 ” and the lychee, a homophone for “profit.” 29 , of course, is nearly as popular as the orange during the festival. Besides having an auspicious ring to its name, the reddish golden color and round shape of oranges are also 30 seen as symbols of good luck. They’ve even 31 Chinese art lasting thousands of years. The 32 poem The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan sings the praises of a young man, with the fruit and tree as its central metaphor. A letter to a friend by Wang Xizhi, 33 by a gift of oranges, remains the great calligrapher’s most famous passages nearly 2,000 years later. Today, the orange is such a popular fruit that people will shell out for the highest quality ones they can find. Meanwhile, the rest looking to buy regular, 34 oranges usually have to deal with demand-driven price rises during Chinese New Year. The fruit has become practically a(an) 35 for the most important holiday in almost every household in China. 21．A．capable B．complete C．complex D．common 22．A．regards B．creates C．serves D．stands 23．A．supply B．place C．carry D．deliver 24．A．set off B．put off C．ward off D．show off 25．A．explanations B．contributions C．conclusions D．occasions 26．A．attach to B．point to C．contribute to D．object to 27．A．attitude B．fortune C．attempt D．benefit 28．A．bonus B．affair C．advance D．safety 29．A．either B．neither C．something D．everything 30．A．barely B．widely C．causally D．necessarily 31．A．blocked B．inspired C．assembled D．approached 32．A．typical B．ancient C．ordinary D．critical 33．A．adapted B．aroused C．accompanied D．assessed 34．A．autonomous B．affordable C．artificial D．apparent 35．A．alternative B．attempt C．base D．necessity Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A With the most attractive view along the road, it is a popular route for cyclists: the road from Land’s End in England to John O’ Groats in Scotland, about 874 miles long. It covers almost the full length of Great Britain. The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route. Chandler took 20 days to finish the challenge. Each day, he cycled between 40 to 60 miles. He spent six hours on his mountain bike daily. Chandler had to push through rainy and windy days. Cycling uphill was also hard. “It was much harder than I thought. I wasn’t expecting so many hills and how busy the roads were,” Chandler said. “But if you put your mind to anything, then no matter how big, you can do it.” Chandler first thought of trying the route when he read an article about it two years ago. Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it. He was already used to cycling around his village and to school before starting his journey. During his ride, Chandler raised 600 pounds for Smile Train, a children’s organization that pays for treatment for children in developing countries who have deft lips (兔唇). 36．What do we know about Laurence Chandler? A．He is a green hand in cycling. B．He is fond of jogging. C．He cycled through England. D．He is a cycling lover. 37．What is suggested from Paragraph 2? A．Few people chose to cycle the route. B．Chandler was challenged by the trip. C．The journey was really disappointing. D．Chandler rode the same distance every day. 38．What helped Chandler decide to try the route? A．His father’s birthday. B．The voluntary work. C．A related article. D．The disabled children. 39．What’s the best title for the text? A．A teenager finishing a great trip B．A popular cycling route in the UK C．A road leading England to Scotland D．A children’s organization for cyclists B Penguin Fun Clubs are found on campsites throughout Europe. Our clubs offer a range of enjoyable activities for children aged 4-14 years and deliver exciting times that children love and parents trust. Our fun-packed clubs are located throughout France, Spain, Italy, Germany and the UK, where our fame for high quality childcare depends on the professionalism and hard work of our on-camp staff. We are looking for enthusiastic and caring young adults to work in our camps for all or part of the coming Summer season. Why work for Penguin Fun Clubs? ●Penguin Fun Clubs offer full-day in-house training by our experienced training team, including a course in basic first-aid. ●You will meet and work with like-minded individuals. ●We will pay expenses to cover your return journey to the campsite where you are based. ●You will be given accommodation and food throughout your time at the camp. ●We are flexible if you’ re only able to work for part of the season. ●Impress us on camp and there’s the opportunity to work with us for many seasons to come. ●We run Penguin Fun Clubs throughout the summer from July to September. Job description As a Penguin Fun Club helper, you will work with small groups of children supervising them in a range of structured activities and using equipment provided by the camp. (There is plenty of opportunity to design your own activities for your group. )Clubs will run in the mornings from 10:00 to 12:30 and in the evenings from 17:00 to 19:00. All Penguin Fun Club helpers will work for six days a week. In your free time you will have full access to all the campsite facilities. Requirements All applicants: ●must be over 16 years of age ●should have an interest in working with children ●have some knowledge of the language of the country where they wish to work ●be enthusiastic and have excellent communication skills 40．The passage is aimed to __________________. A．introduce the job opportunities Penguin Fun Clubs will offer B．promote Penguin Fun Clubs as a great place of entertainment for kids C．look for those interested in helping Penguin Fun Clubs this summer D．recommend the exciting activities that Penguin Fun Clubs provide 41．Those working for Penguin Fun Clubs need to __________________. A．be able to work from July to September B．pay for the transportation to and from the club C．find a place near the club to live in the summer D．talk in the language of the country where they work 42．What can Penguin Fun Clubs on-camp staff do? A．Work just 30 hours a week. B．Use all campsite facilities. C．Get a full-day outdoor training. D．Design entertainment equipment for kids. C When we experience something painful, our brain produces natural painkillers that are chemically similar to powerful drugs such as morphine. Now research suggests these natural painkillers, also called endogenous opioids, play another role: helping regulate the body’s energy. Lauri Nummenmaa, a brain-imaging scientist at the University of Turku in Finland and his colleagues measured endogenous opioid release in the brains of 10 healthy men. The subjects were injected with a radioactive substance that binds to opioid receptors, making it possible to visualize the receptors’ activity using positron-emission tomography (正电子放射断层造影术). The study found evidence of natural painkillers in the men’s brains after they ate a satisfying meal of pizza. Surprisingly, their brains released even more of the endogenous opioids after they ate a far less pleasant — but nutritionally similar — liquid meal of what Nummenmaa called “nutritional goo.” Although the subjects rated the pizza as tastier than the goo, opioid release did not appear to relate to their enjoyment of the meal, the researchers reported earlier this year in the Journal of Neuroscience. “I would’ve expected the opposite result,” says Paul Burghardt, an investigator at Wayne State University, who was not involved in the work. After all, previous human and animal studies led researchers to believe that endogenous opioids helped to convey the pleasure of eating. Nummenmma, too, was surprised. His group earlier research showed that obese (肥胖的) people’s brains had fewer opioid receptors — but that receptor levels recover with weight loss. “Maybe when people overeat, endogenous opioids released in the brain constantly attack the receptors, so they decrease in number, ” he says. Why more opioids flooded the brain after the goo versus the pizza remains a mystery, but then researchers guess that faster digestion of the liquid meal may have produced more of the chemicals at the time of the scan, 15 minutes after eating. The new results may indicate that opioids play a wider role in energy metabolism (新陈代谢) than scientists previously thought. One possibility is that the opioid system is activated by the satisfaction of a full stomach and refreshed energy, Nummenmma says. “If you take a step back and look at conditions that activate opioid release — pain, feeding, pleasure — they are all related to homeostasis,” or keeping the body’s energy in balance, he explains. “The most interesting thing is that eating activated the system even in the absence of sensory pleasure. ” 43．What does Paul Burghardt mean by “the opposite result” (in paragraph 4)? A．The body’s energy balance plays an unexpectedly important role in killing pain. B．The more you enjoy your meal, the more the endogenous opioids are released. C．It is the nutrition rather than the taste that give people the pleasure of eating. D．Dissatisfying meals call for brains to produce more natural painkillers. 44．What did Numnenmna’s group find in their earlier research? A．How many opioid receptors people have in their brain is related to their weight. B．Overeating is a major problem people have if they have fewer opioid receptors. C．Faster digestion can help the body to absorb more endogenous opioid. D．The goo is more effective in activating people’s opioid release. 45．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A．people need to eat less to keep their body’s energy in good balance B．opioids are released when there is an imbalance in the body’s energy C．eating can repair a person’s opioid system as long as there is sensory pleasure D．conditions that activate opioid release should be rechecked to confirm the findings 46．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The absence of sensory pleasure affects how well opioids work. B．Natural painkillers work better than powerful drugs like morphine. C．The brain releases feel-good chemicals even after unpleasant meals. D．Pain plays the same role as pleasure in giving people a good appetite. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.You’re Choosing a Gift. Here’s What Not to Do. On Christmas morning, a husband quietly apologizes to his wife that his gifts this year are humble-money is tight. She bravely declares that she loves the sweater. Later, as the children play with their new toys, the husband reveals one last gift box. 47 She squeals (发出尖叫声) with astonished delight. This advertising is not just cloying (令人生厌的). It also feeds some false beliefs people commonly hold about what makes gift receivers happy. Fortunately, psychological and marketing research shows that these beliefs are wrong. 48 Ignore price. When researchers asked people to recall a gift they gave and then to rate how much they thought receivers liked it, higher prices went with higher ratings. But when people made the same ratings for a gift they had received, price was completely unrelated to enjoyment. 49 Gift givers tend to focus on how pleasurable it would be to use the gift, but overlook how easily or often the gift will be used; a husband might imagine his wife feeling like a million dollars in her diamonds, but ignore the fact that she seldom wears formal jewelry. Don’t worry if your gift isn’t usable immediately. In one experiment, researchers asked people to compare different types of gifts: One was immediately appealing, like a dozen flowers in full bloom, or, for a similar price, a gift that would be more satisfying in the long term, like two dozen buds that would bloom in a few days. 50 However, others who were asked which they’d like to receive picked the latter. A．Give people what they ask for: B．Give gifts that are actually usable. C．In it the wife discovers a diamond necklace. D．It also offers guidance for picking gifts, people will actually like. E．When people thought they would give the gift, they preferred the former. F．Gift givers think that unexpectedness adds value because it shows thoughtfulness IV. Words & Phrases （10分） Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Each phrase can be used only once. There are three more phrases than you need. well off;  be keen on;  be ashamed of;  in all ;   on behalf of ;  refer to 51．They would never that matter again. 52．You should yourself for telling such lies. 53．In addition, a hero must be optimistic and diligent and his hard work. 54．It won't be long before the Chinese people will become . 55．Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help my colleagues. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．make sense   B．in that   C． participate in   D．differ from   E. stick to   F. hold back   G. the instant   H. so that    I. take on     J. glance at   K. concentrate on 56．Whatever setbacks we meet, we should our goals. 57．If you this project, it will mean a lot of extra work. 58．Though they are twins, they each other in many ways. 59．This is such a moving story that I can hardly my tears. 60．Some words and phrases in British English don’t to the Americans. 61．His parents encourage him to the after-class activities at school. 62．I was deeply attracted by the great view I arrived at this tourist attraction. 63．He is not likely to watch the basketball match he has many assignments to do. 64．You can have good performance in the exam on condition that you every lesson. 65．He has been under much pressure recently, his health has been affected. V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 66．为何人们都反对这个对环保有积极影响的举措？(object) 67．纪念品的价格从十元到一千元不等，以满足不同游客的需求。(range) 68． 背诵单词，切莫苛求数量和频率，持之以恒方能见效。(a difference) 69．他在讲座中提到的那个想法将有助于我们更好理解人工智能。(contribute) VI. Guided Writing （25分） 70．Directions: Write an English paragraph in no less than 70 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明。你校拟为高一学生增设“唐诗英译(Translating Tang Poems into English)”社团，并就此征询学生意见。请写封邮件给负责人朱老师，在邮件的主体段落： 1)表明你是否会加入该社团； 2)陈述你的理由。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第6页，共7页 ( 9 / 9 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一英语下学期第一次月考卷（沪外版2020） （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：必修二Unit3~4（沪外版2020）。 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday. It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard 1 (climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, exhausted and hot, I couldn’t go any 2 (far). So we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question 3 left me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered 4 thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly 5 his dream was—to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, 6 I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but however tough life was, he never gave up. “There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently. That night I 7 hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation?” I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant putting everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by myself. It made me think: 8 we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and 9 (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. 10 could be more pleasant than that. 【答案】 1．to climb 2．further 3．which/that 4．after 5．what 6．so 7．could 8．if 9．was fascinated 10．Nothing 【导语】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了作者爬山的经历。 1．考查动词不定式。句意：这座山很难爬，上面有坚硬的岩石和溪流。sth.+be+形容词+to do，表示“做某事怎么样”，故用动词不定式形式，主动表被动，故填to climb。 2．考查比较级。句意：最后，我筋疲力尽，很热，再也走不下去了。结合句意可知，此处用副词比较级，表示“走不下去，走不远”，修饰动词go，故填further。 3．考查定语从句。句意：在回来的路上，叔叔问了我一个问题，让我一时哑口无言。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为question，指物，从句中缺乏主语，用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。 4．考查介词。句意：我想了一会儿才回答，“我不知道”。介词after表示“在……之后“，符合句意，故填after。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：尽管没有人认为他能成功，但他清楚地知道自己的梦想是什么——成为一名商人。分析句子可知，此处引导knew的宾语从句，从句中缺少was的表语，表示“什么”，用连接代词what，故填what。 6．考查连词。句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋，所以我试着从市场上买零食，下课后再卖。结合句意可知，前后两句为因果关系，so表示“因此“，故填so。 7．考查情态动词。句意：那天晚上我几乎无法入睡。结合句意可知，句子在讲述过去发生的事情，故用情态动词could，故填could。 8．考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我们没有经历攀登，我们怎么能看到山顶的风景？结合句意可知，此处表示“如果“，if引导条件状语从句，故填if。 9．考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，被温暖的微风和阳光迷住了。结合语境可知，全文在讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为I，且与fascinate之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was fascinated。 10．考查代词。句意：没有什么比这更令人愉快的了。否定词+比较级，表示最高级的含义，表示“没有什么东西”，故用nothing，且首字母大写，故填Nothing。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．deceive       B．demanding        C． diversity          D．exposed      E. extreme F. instant         G. perceived         H. prioritize           I. recall         J. specific K. survival   ‘Face Blindness’: Why People Blank on Faces at Work Recognizing people is a basic courtesy (礼貌) — especially in the workplace. But many people have felt the stress of desperately trying to 11 the workmate sitting opposite them, only for a complete failure. Not only is it a source of embarrassment, but it can be 12 as impolite: that someone hasn’t taken the time and effort to learn anything about the other person. However, being able to memorize someone’s appearance, particularly if they’re relatively unfamiliar, and recollect them in a(n) 13 — days, weeks, or maybe months later — needs a vast suite of cognitive (认知的) resources: from parts of the brain 14 to facial recognition, to visual processing and long-term memory. Learning and recognizing faces is one of the most cognitively 15 and neurologically (神经学地) complex tasks we engage in. But alongside science, there are cultural and societal factors at play that can leave us blanking on who is making conversation with us at work Not only do we tend to remember people who look more like us, but we also 16 learning the faces of those we consider to be of greater importance to our lives: senior members of the staff, or those in positions of power. Throughout a lifetime, humans learn to recognize thousands of faces. Some research has shown that at the 17 end, the figure can be as high as 10,000. Generally, people are skilled at learning and recognizing so many faces, as 18 once depended on it. The evolutionary need to be able to quickly tell friend from foe (敌人) explains why people are hardwired to remember the faces of loved ones and those most familiar. In the modern world, people are frequently 19 to more faces in a single day than across their ancestor’s entire lifetimes. It means they’re more likely to be in a situation in which they draw a facial blank. However, recognizing people is a skill. If people want to bring forth change and greater 20 among offices, it’s beneficial to really try and remember the faces of people who fall into an individual’s unlikely to recognize’ pool. 【答案】 11．I 12．G 13．F 14．J 15．B 16．H 17．E 18．K 19．D 20．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“脸盲症”展开，介绍了在工作场合无法认出他人的现象、记住人脸所需的认知资源、影响记住他人面容的文化社会因素、人类识别面容的能力以及现代社会中人们面临的情况，并指出记住他人面容是一种技能，努力记住他人面容对促进办公室多样性有益。 11．考查动词。句意：但许多人都感受到了拼命回忆坐在他们对面的同事的压力，结果却彻底失败了。根据空前不定式符号to可知，空处需要填动词原形，根据上文“Recognizing people is a basic courtesy (礼貌) — especially in the workplace. (认出别人是一种基本的礼貌，尤其是在工作场所)”可知，recall“回忆起；回想起”，符合“努力回想同事却失败”的语义。故选I项。 12．考查动词。句意：这不仅是尴尬的来源，而且可能被认为是不礼貌的：有人没有花时间和精力去了解对方的任何事情。根据下文“as impolite”可知，be perceived as“被认为是……”，符合此处语境。故选G项。 13．考查名词。句意：然而，能够记住某人的外貌，特别是如果他们相对不熟悉，并在瞬间 —— 几天、几周，或者几个月后——再次想起他们，需要大量的认知资源：从面部识别的大脑特定部分，到视觉处理和长期记忆。根据下文“days, weeks, or maybe months later” 可知，此处是说在一段时间之后能再次想起，in an instant为固定表达，表示“瞬间；即刻”，符合语境。故选F项。 14．考查形容词。句意：然而，能够记住某人的外貌，特别是如果他们相对不熟悉，并在瞬间 —— 几天、几周，或者几个月后——再次想起他们，需要大量的认知资源：从面部识别的大脑特定部分，到视觉处理和长期记忆。根据下文“to facial recognition” 可知，specific to“特定于；专用于”，符合本句“大脑中专门用于面部识别的部分”的语义。故选J项。 15．考查形容词。句意：学习和识别面孔是我们从事的认知要求最高、神经学上最复杂的任务之一。and为连接并列成分的连词，此处连接两个并列的形容词，complex表示“复杂的”，demanding表示“要求高的；费力的”，cognitively demanding表示“认知要求高的”，符合“学习和识别面孔是复杂且认知要求高的任务”这一语境。故选B项。 16．考查动词。句意：我们不仅倾向于记住那些看起来更像我们的人，而且我们还优先学习那些我们认为对我们的生活更重要的人的面孔：员工中的高级成员，或者那些处于权力地位的人。not only...but also...为连接并列成分的短语，此处连接并列的谓语动词，根据上文“do we tend to”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为we，为复数主语，故空处需要填动词原形，根据上文“we tend to remember people who look more like us”和下文“learning the faces of those we consider to be of greater importance to our lives”可知，空处需填prioritize，表示“优先考虑；优先处理”。故选H项。 17．考查形容词。句意：一些研究表明，在极端情况下，这个数字可能高达10000。根据空前定冠词the和空后名词end可知，空处需填形容词，再根据下文“the figure can be as high as 10,000”可知，at the extreme end“在极端情况下”，符合“数字高达10000”所表达的极端情况的句意。故选E项。 18．考查名词。句意：一般来说，人们擅长学习和识别这么多面孔，因为生存曾经依赖于此。空处为as引导的原因状语从句的主语，根据下文“The evolutionary need to be able to quickly tell friend from foe”可知，人类进化的逻辑需要人们能够快速分辨敌我，生存曾经依赖于此，survival“生存”符合语境。故选K项。 19．考查动词。句意：在现代社会，人们在一天中接触到的面孔比他们祖先一生接触到的还要多。根据下文“to more faces in a single day than across their ancestor’s entire lifetimes”可知，be exposed to“接触；暴露于”，符合“人们一天中接触到更多面孔” 的语境。故选D项。 20．考查名词。句意：如果人们想要在办公室带来改变和更大的多样性，真正努力记住那些属于个人“不太可能认出”群体的人的面孔是有益的。根据空前greater可知，空处需填名词，根据上文“bring forth change and greater”可知，diversity“多样性”符合句意。故选C项。 III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be 21 without oranges. The sweet fruit not only adorns decorated homes, but also 22 as a good snack for visitors because it peels easily. The popularity of the fruit during the festive season has a long history. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Chinese parents would 23 fruit like oranges, dates (枣子) or persimmons (柿子) beside their children’s pillows, along with red envelopes under the pillow. The tradition was meant to 24 monsters from folk tales. The children would then eat the fruit upon waking up the next morning. There are many 25 for why oranges have come to be considered such a lucky symbol. A major part of that comes from pronunciation. Some say the Mandarin pronunciation of the fruit “ju” sounds like the word for “ji” (good luck). Others 26 its Cantonese pronunciation “gam,” which is the same as the word “gold.” The Chinese are known for a good amount of “luck talk” during Chinese New Year. The practice is believed to be a sign of good 27 for the rest of the year. Other fruit considered auspicious in Chinese culture include the apple, a homophone for “ 28 ” and the lychee, a homophone for “profit.” 29 , of course, is nearly as popular as the orange during the festival. Besides having an auspicious ring to its name, the reddish golden color and round shape of oranges are also 30 seen as symbols of good luck. They’ve even 31 Chinese art lasting thousands of years. The 32 poem The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan sings the praises of a young man, with the fruit and tree as its central metaphor. A letter to a friend by Wang Xizhi, 33 by a gift of oranges, remains the great calligrapher’s most famous passages nearly 2,000 years later. Today, the orange is such a popular fruit that people will shell out for the highest quality ones they can find. Meanwhile, the rest looking to buy regular, 34 oranges usually have to deal with demand-driven price rises during Chinese New Year. The fruit has become practically a(an) 35 for the most important holiday in almost every household in China. 21．A．capable B．complete C．complex D．common 22．A．regards B．creates C．serves D．stands 23．A．supply B．place C．carry D．deliver 24．A．set off B．put off C．ward off D．show off 25．A．explanations B．contributions C．conclusions D．occasions 26．A．attach to B．point to C．contribute to D．object to 27．A．attitude B．fortune C．attempt D．benefit 28．A．bonus B．affair C．advance D．safety 29．A．either B．neither C．something D．everything 30．A．barely B．widely C．causally D．necessarily 31．A．blocked B．inspired C．assembled D．approached 32．A．typical B．ancient C．ordinary D．critical 33．A．adapted B．aroused C．accompanied D．assessed 34．A．autonomous B．affordable C．artificial D．apparent 35．A．alternative B．attempt C．base D．necessity 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．B 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了橘子在中国春节庆祝活动中的重要性及原因。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在中国，没有橘子的春节庆祝活动是不完整的。A. capable有能力的；B. complete完整的；C. complex复杂的；D. common常见的。根据下文“The sweet fruit not only adorns decorated homes, but also _____ as a good snack for visitors because it peels easily.”可知，橘子有装饰作用，还很方便食用，由此可知，橘子是春节必备的水果，没有橘子的春节庆祝活动是不完整的。故选B项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种甜美的水果不仅装扮着装饰精美的房屋，而且因为容易去皮，也可用作款待客人的好零食。A. regards把……视为；B. creates创造；C. serves可用作，接待；D. stands站立。根据句中“because it peels easily”可知，橘子容易去皮，由此可知，橘子可用作款待客人的好零食。故选C项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在清朝，中国父母就会在孩子的枕头旁放橘子、枣子或柿子等水果，枕头下放红包。A. supply供应；B. place放置；C. carry携带；D. deliver递送。根据句中“along with red envelopes under the pillow”可知，中国父母在孩子的枕头下放红包，由此可知，他们把橘子、枣子或柿子等水果放置在孩子的枕头旁。故选B项。 24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个传统是为了避开民间故事中的怪物。A. set off启程；B. put off推迟；C. ward off避开；D. show off炫耀。根据句中“monsters from folk tales”和中国传统文化可知，把橘子、枣子或柿子等水果放置在孩子的枕头旁是为了避开民间故事中的怪物。故选C项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于为什么橘子被认为是如此幸运的象征，有很多解释。A. explanations解释；B. contributions贡献；C. conclusions结论；D. occasions时机。根据下文“A major part of that comes from pronunciation.”可知，橘子被认为是幸运的象征的部分原因是它的发音，由此可知，下文在解释为什么橘子被认为是幸运的象征。故选A项。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：其他人则指出它的广东话发音“gam”，与“gold (金子)”一词相同。A. attach to附加到；B. point to指出（问题或事实）；C. contribute to有助于；D. object to反对。根据句中“its Cantonese pronunciation “gam,” which is the same as the word “gold.””可知，橘子的广东话发音也是它被认为是幸运的象征的原因，由此可知，其他人指出了这个原因。故选B项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种做法被认为是今年剩余时间好运的征兆。A. attitude态度；B. fortune运气；C. attempt尝试；D. benefit益处。根据上文“The Chinese are known for a good amount of “luck talk” during Chinese New Year.”和中国文化可知，中国人在春节期间说大量的“吉利话”，这种做法是为了今年能有好运气。故选B项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国文化中，其他被视为吉祥的水果包括苹果和荔枝，苹果是“平安”的谐音，荔枝是“利润”的谐音。A. bonus奖金；B. affair事件；C. advance进步；D. safety平安。根据句中“apple”和中国文化可知，“apple”的中文发音是“苹果”，是“平安”的谐音，所以被视为吉祥的水果。故选D项。 29．考查代词词义辨析。句意：当然，这两种水果在节日期间都不如橙子受欢迎。A. either（两者中的）任何一个；B. neither两者都不；C. something某物，某事；D. everything每件事。根据上文“In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be _____ without oranges.”和中国文化可知，橘子是春节期间必不可少的水果，由此可知，苹果和荔枝都不如它受欢迎，“neither”意为“两者都不”，符合语境。故选B项。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：除了名字有一个吉祥的特点外，橘子的红金色和圆形也被广泛认为是好运的象征。A. barely几乎不；B. widely广泛地；C. causally有原因地；D. necessarily必要地。根据上文“In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be _____ without oranges.”和中国文化可知，橘子是春节期间必不可少的水果，由此可知，因为它的颜色和形状，它被广泛认为是好运的象征。故选B项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们甚至激励延续数千年的中国艺术。A. blocked阻塞；B. inspired激励；C. assembled组装；D. approached接近。根据下文“The _____ poem The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan sings the praises of a young man, with the fruit and tree as its central metaphor.”可知，屈原的古诗《橘颂》是以橘喻人，由此可知，橘子激励了中国艺术。故选B项。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：战国诗人屈原的古诗《橘颂》歌颂了一个年轻人，以水果和树为中心隐喻。A. typical典型的；B. ancient古代的；C. ordinary普通的；D. critical关键的。根据句中“The Orange Tree by the Warring States period poet Qu Yuan”可知，《橘颂》是战国诗人屈原的诗，由此可知，这是一首古代的诗歌。故选B项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：王羲之给朋友的一封信，伴随着一份橘子礼物，近2000年后，仍然是这位伟大书法家最著名的文章。A. adapted适应；B. aroused激起；C. accompanied伴随；D. assessed评估。根据句中“A letter to a friend by Wang Xizhi, _____ by a gift of oranges”可知，句中涉及的是王羲之的《奉橘贴》，是王羲之给朋友的一封信，伴随着一份橘子礼物。故选C项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，其他希望购买普通的、买得起的橘子的人通常不得不应对中国新年期间需求驱动的价格上涨。A. autonomous自主的；B. affordable买得起的；C. artificial人造的；D. apparent显而易见的。根据句中“regular”可知，有些人希望买的买普通、买得起的橘子，所以要应对价格上涨问题。故选B项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种水果几乎已经成为中国每个家庭最重要节日的必需品。A. alternative可选择的事物；B. attempt尝试；C. base基础；D. necessity必需品。根据上文“In China, no Spring Festival celebration would be _____ without oranges.”可知，在中国，没有橘子的春节庆祝活动是不完整的，由此可知，它几乎已经成为中国每个家庭最重要节日的必需品。故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A With the most attractive view along the road, it is a popular route for cyclists: the road from Land’s End in England to John O’ Groats in Scotland, about 874 miles long. It covers almost the full length of Great Britain. The 12-year-old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route. Chandler took 20 days to finish the challenge. Each day, he cycled between 40 to 60 miles. He spent six hours on his mountain bike daily. Chandler had to push through rainy and windy days. Cycling uphill was also hard. “It was much harder than I thought. I wasn’t expecting so many hills and how busy the roads were,” Chandler said. “But if you put your mind to anything, then no matter how big, you can do it.” Chandler first thought of trying the route when he read an article about it two years ago. Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it. He was already used to cycling around his village and to school before starting his journey. During his ride, Chandler raised 600 pounds for Smile Train, a children’s organization that pays for treatment for children in developing countries who have deft lips (兔唇). 36．What do we know about Laurence Chandler? A．He is a green hand in cycling. B．He is fond of jogging. C．He cycled through England. D．He is a cycling lover. 37．What is suggested from Paragraph 2? A．Few people chose to cycle the route. B．Chandler was challenged by the trip. C．The journey was really disappointing. D．Chandler rode the same distance every day. 38．What helped Chandler decide to try the route? A．His father’s birthday. B．The voluntary work. C．A related article. D．The disabled children. 39．What’s the best title for the text? A．A teenager finishing a great trip B．A popular cycling route in the UK C．A road leading England to Scotland D．A children’s organization for cyclists 【答案】36．D 37．B 38．A 39．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了少年Laurence Chandler完成了一次困难重重的骑行，并为Smile Train组织筹集了善款。 36．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The 12-year- old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route. (12岁的男孩Laurence Chandler成为完成这条路线的最年轻的自行车手)”和第二段中“Each day, he cycled between 40 to 60 miles. He spent six hours on his mountain bike daily.(每天，他骑自行车行驶40到60英里。他每天在山地自行车上花费六个小时。)”可推知，Laurence Chandler是一名自行车运动的爱好者。故选D。 37．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It was much harder than I thought. (这比我想象的要困难得多)”可知，这段路程超出了Chandler的预期，由此可推知，他受到了挑战。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Later, as his father’s 50th birthday came around, he decided to go for it. (后来，随着父亲50岁生日的临近，他决定试一 试)”可知，Chandler决定尝试这条骑行路线是因为父亲的生日。故选A。 39．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“The 12-year- old boy named Laurence Chandler became the youngest cyclist to finish the route. (12岁的男孩Laurence Chandler成为完成这条路线的最年轻的自行车手)”及最后 一段“During his ride, Chandler Smile Train, a children’s organi treatment for children in develo deft lips (在骑行过程中，钱德勒为微笑列车组织筹集了600英镑，这是一家为发展中国家唇裂儿童支付治疗费用的组织。)”可知，文章主要讲述了少年Laurence Chandler完成了一次困难重重的骑行，并为Smile Train组织筹集了善款。A项“一个青少年完成了一次很棒的旅行”适合作文章标题，故选A。 B Penguin Fun Clubs are found on campsites throughout Europe. Our clubs offer a range of enjoyable activities for children aged 4-14 years and deliver exciting times that children love and parents trust. Our fun-packed clubs are located throughout France, Spain, Italy, Germany and the UK, where our fame for high quality childcare depends on the professionalism and hard work of our on-camp staff. We are looking for enthusiastic and caring young adults to work in our camps for all or part of the coming Summer season. Why work for Penguin Fun Clubs? ●Penguin Fun Clubs offer full-day in-house training by our experienced training team, including a course in basic first-aid. ●You will meet and work with like-minded individuals. ●We will pay expenses to cover your return journey to the campsite where you are based. ●You will be given accommodation and food throughout your time at the camp. ●We are flexible if you’ re only able to work for part of the season. ●Impress us on camp and there’s the opportunity to work with us for many seasons to come. ●We run Penguin Fun Clubs throughout the summer from July to September. Job description As a Penguin Fun Club helper, you will work with small groups of children supervising them in a range of structured activities and using equipment provided by the camp. (There is plenty of opportunity to design your own activities for your group. )Clubs will run in the mornings from 10:00 to 12:30 and in the evenings from 17:00 to 19:00. All Penguin Fun Club helpers will work for six days a week. In your free time you will have full access to all the campsite facilities. Requirements All applicants: ●must be over 16 years of age ●should have an interest in working with children ●have some knowledge of the language of the country where they wish to work ●be enthusiastic and have excellent communication skills 40．The passage is aimed to __________________. A．introduce the job opportunities Penguin Fun Clubs will offer B．promote Penguin Fun Clubs as a great place of entertainment for kids C．look for those interested in helping Penguin Fun Clubs this summer D．recommend the exciting activities that Penguin Fun Clubs provide 41．Those working for Penguin Fun Clubs need to __________________. A．be able to work from July to September B．pay for the transportation to and from the club C．find a place near the club to live in the summer D．talk in the language of the country where they work 42．What can Penguin Fun Clubs on-camp staff do? A．Work just 30 hours a week. B．Use all campsite facilities. C．Get a full-day outdoor training. D．Design entertainment equipment for kids. 【答案】40．C 41．D 42．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍企鹅乐趣俱乐部的工作机会及工作要求。 40．推理判断题。根据第二段“We are looking for enthusiastic and caring young adults to work in our camps for all or part of the coming Summer season. (我们正在寻找热情和有爱心的年轻人在我们的营地为所有或部分即将到来的夏季工作。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是寻找那些有兴趣在今年夏天帮助企鹅俱乐部的人。故选C项。 41．推理判断题。根据Requirements部分中“have some knowledge of the language of the country where they wish to work (对希望工作的国家的语言有一定的了解)”可知，那些为企鹅俱乐部工作的人需要用他们工作国家的语言交谈。故选D项。 42．细节理解题。根据Job description部分中“As a Penguin Fun Club helper, you will work with small groups of children supervising them in a range of structured activities and using equipment provided by the camp. (作为企鹅娱乐俱乐部的一名助手，你将与一小组孩子一起工作，监督他们进行一系列有组织的活动，并使用营地提供的设备。)”可知，企鹅乐趣俱乐部的露营人员能使用所有营地设施。故选B项。 C When we experience something painful, our brain produces natural painkillers that are chemically similar to powerful drugs such as morphine. Now research suggests these natural painkillers, also called endogenous opioids, play another role: helping regulate the body’s energy. Lauri Nummenmaa, a brain-imaging scientist at the University of Turku in Finland and his colleagues measured endogenous opioid release in the brains of 10 healthy men. The subjects were injected with a radioactive substance that binds to opioid receptors, making it possible to visualize the receptors’ activity using positron-emission tomography (正电子放射断层造影术). The study found evidence of natural painkillers in the men’s brains after they ate a satisfying meal of pizza. Surprisingly, their brains released even more of the endogenous opioids after they ate a far less pleasant — but nutritionally similar — liquid meal of what Nummenmaa called “nutritional goo.” Although the subjects rated the pizza as tastier than the goo, opioid release did not appear to relate to their enjoyment of the meal, the researchers reported earlier this year in the Journal of Neuroscience. “I would’ve expected the opposite result,” says Paul Burghardt, an investigator at Wayne State University, who was not involved in the work. After all, previous human and animal studies led researchers to believe that endogenous opioids helped to convey the pleasure of eating. Nummenmma, too, was surprised. His group earlier research showed that obese (肥胖的) people’s brains had fewer opioid receptors — but that receptor levels recover with weight loss. “Maybe when people overeat, endogenous opioids released in the brain constantly attack the receptors, so they decrease in number, ” he says. Why more opioids flooded the brain after the goo versus the pizza remains a mystery, but then researchers guess that faster digestion of the liquid meal may have produced more of the chemicals at the time of the scan, 15 minutes after eating. The new results may indicate that opioids play a wider role in energy metabolism (新陈代谢) than scientists previously thought. One possibility is that the opioid system is activated by the satisfaction of a full stomach and refreshed energy, Nummenmma says. “If you take a step back and look at conditions that activate opioid release — pain, feeding, pleasure — they are all related to homeostasis,” or keeping the body’s energy in balance, he explains. “The most interesting thing is that eating activated the system even in the absence of sensory pleasure. ” 43．What does Paul Burghardt mean by “the opposite result” (in paragraph 4)? A．The body’s energy balance plays an unexpectedly important role in killing pain. B．The more you enjoy your meal, the more the endogenous opioids are released. C．It is the nutrition rather than the taste that give people the pleasure of eating. D．Dissatisfying meals call for brains to produce more natural painkillers. 44．What did Numnenmna’s group find in their earlier research? A．How many opioid receptors people have in their brain is related to their weight. B．Overeating is a major problem people have if they have fewer opioid receptors. C．Faster digestion can help the body to absorb more endogenous opioid. D．The goo is more effective in activating people’s opioid release. 45．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A．people need to eat less to keep their body’s energy in good balance B．opioids are released when there is an imbalance in the body’s energy C．eating can repair a person’s opioid system as long as there is sensory pleasure D．conditions that activate opioid release should be rechecked to confirm the findings 46．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The absence of sensory pleasure affects how well opioids work. B．Natural painkillers work better than powerful drugs like morphine. C．The brain releases feel-good chemicals even after unpleasant meals. D．Pain plays the same role as pleasure in giving people a good appetite. 【答案】43．B 44．A 45．B 46．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大脑会产生天然的止痛药，这些天然止痛药，也被称为内源性阿片类药物，最新的研究发现即使吃了不那么好吃的东西，大脑也会释放这种物质。解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段“Although the subjects rated the pizza as tastier than the goo, opioid release did not appear to relate to their enjoyment of the meal, the researchers reported earlier this year in the Journal of Neuroscience.(研究人员在今年早些时候的《神经科学杂志》上报告说，尽管受试者认为披萨比营养黏液更美味，但阿片类药物的释放似乎与他们对这顿饭的享受无关)”以及第四段“After all, previous human and animal studies led researchers to believe that endogenous opioids helped to convey the pleasure of eating.(毕竟，之前的人类和动物研究让研究人员相信，内源性阿片类药物有助于传递进食的乐趣)”可知，新的研究发现阿片类药物的释放似乎与他们对这顿饭的享受无关，而之前的研究发现的是内源性阿片类药物有助于传递进食的乐趣，故推测保罗·伯格哈特所说的“相反的结果”意思是你吃得越尽兴，内源性阿片类物质就释放得越多。故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据第四段“His group earlier research showed that obese (肥胖的) people’s brains had fewer opioid receptors — but that receptor levels recover with weight loss.(他的研究小组早期的研究表明，肥胖者大脑中的阿片受体较少，但这种受体水平会随着体重减轻而恢复)”可知，努曼纳的团队在他们早期的研究中发现人的大脑中有多少阿片受体与体重有关。故选A。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘If you take a step back and look at conditions that activate opioid release — pain, feeding, pleasure — they are all related to homeostasis,’ or keeping the body’s energy in balance, he explains. ‘The most interesting thing is that eating activated the system even in the absence of sensory pleasure.’(他解释说：“如果你退后一步，看看激活阿片类药物释放的条件——疼痛、进食、快乐——它们都与体内平衡有关。最有趣的是，即使在没有感官愉悦的情况下，吃东西也能激活该系统。”)”可知，阿片类药物在身体能量不平衡时被释放。故选B。 46．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The study found evidence of natural painkillers in the men’s brains after they ate a satisfying meal of pizza. Surprisingly, their brains released even more of the endogenous opioids after they ate a far less pleasant — but nutritionally similar — liquid meal of what Nummenmaa called “nutritional goo.”(研究发现，在男性吃了一顿满意的披萨后，他们的大脑中出现了天然止痛药。令人惊讶的是，在他们吃了Nummenmaa称之为“营养黏液”的液体餐后，他们的大脑释放了更多的内源性阿片类物质，这种食物远没有那么令人愉快，但营养成分相似)”结合文章主要说明了大脑会产生天然的止痛药，这些天然止痛药，也被称为内源性阿片类药物，最新的研究发现即使吃了不那么好吃的东西，大脑也会释放这种物质。解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。可知，这篇文章的主旨是即使在不愉快的用餐后，大脑也会释放让人感觉良好的化学物质。故选C。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. You’re Choosing a Gift. Here’s What Not to Do. On Christmas morning, a husband quietly apologizes to his wife that his gifts this year are humble-money is tight. She bravely declares that she loves the sweater. Later, as the children play with their new toys, the husband reveals one last gift box. 47 She squeals (发出尖叫声) with astonished delight. This advertising is not just cloying (令人生厌的). It also feeds some false beliefs people commonly hold about what makes gift receivers happy. Fortunately, psychological and marketing research shows that these beliefs are wrong. 48 Ignore price. When researchers asked people to recall a gift they gave and then to rate how much they thought receivers liked it, higher prices went with higher ratings. But when people made the same ratings for a gift they had received, price was completely unrelated to enjoyment. 49 Gift givers tend to focus on how pleasurable it would be to use the gift, but overlook how easily or often the gift will be used; a husband might imagine his wife feeling like a million dollars in her diamonds, but ignore the fact that she seldom wears formal jewelry. Don’t worry if your gift isn’t usable immediately. In one experiment, researchers asked people to compare different types of gifts: One was immediately appealing, like a dozen flowers in full bloom, or, for a similar price, a gift that would be more satisfying in the long term, like two dozen buds that would bloom in a few days. 50 However, others who were asked which they’d like to receive picked the latter. A．Give people what they ask for: B．Give gifts that are actually usable. C．In it the wife discovers a diamond necklace. D．It also offers guidance for picking gifts, people will actually like. E．When people thought they would give the gift, they preferred the former. F．Gift givers think that unexpectedness adds value because it shows thoughtfulness 【答案】47．C 48．D 49．B 50．E 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过事例就如何送礼提出了一些建议。 47．根据上文“On Christmas morning, a husband quietly apologizes to his wife that his gifts this year are humble-money is tight. She bravely declares that she loves the sweater. Later, as the children play with their new toys, the husband reveals one last gift box.(圣诞节的早晨，丈夫悄悄地向妻子道歉，说他今年送的礼物太少了——因为手头紧。她勇敢地宣称她喜欢那件毛衣。后来，当孩子们玩他们的新玩具时，丈夫拿出了最后一个礼品盒)”以及后文“She squeals (发出尖叫声) with astonished delight.(她又惊又喜地尖叫起来)”可知，上文提到丈夫圣诞节早晨丈夫拿出了最后一个礼品盒，后文则提到妻子发出尖叫，推测本句是在说明妻子打开了礼品盒发现了礼物，十分惊喜。故C选项“妻子在信中发现一条钻石项链”符合语境，故选C。 48．根据上文“This advertising is not just cloying (令人生厌的). It also feeds some false beliefs people commonly hold about what makes gift receivers happy. Fortunately, psychological and marketing research shows that these beliefs are wrong.(这种广告不仅令人腻味。它也助长了人们通常持有的关于什么能让收礼者快乐的错误信念。幸运的是，心理学和市场研究表明，这些观念是错误的)”可知，上文提到心理学和市场研究表明上述观念是错误的，本句为本段最后一句，推测应当说明如何帮助人们挑选真正喜欢的礼物。故D选项“它还提供了挑选人们真正喜欢的礼物的指导”符合语境，故选D。 49．根据本段内容“Gift givers tend to focus on how pleasurable it would be to use the gift, but overlook how easily or often the gift will be used; a husband might imagine his wife feeling like a million dollars in her diamonds, but ignore the fact that she seldom wears formal jewelry.(送礼者倾向于关注使用礼物的愉悦程度，而忽略了礼物使用的容易程度和频率；一个丈夫可能会想象他的妻子因为她的钻石而感觉身价百万，但忽略了她很少戴正式珠宝的事实)”可知，本段的主旨是考虑礼物实用的容易程度和频率，即本句总结礼物需要实际、可用的特点。故B选项“送实际可用的礼物”符合语境，故选B。 50．根据上文“Don’t worry if your gift isn’t usable immediately. In one experiment, researchers asked people to compare different types of gifts: One was immediately appealing, like a dozen flowers in full bloom, or, for a similar price, a gift that would be more satisfying in the long term, like two dozen buds that would bloom in a few days.(如果你的礼物不能立即使用，不要担心。在一项实验中，研究人员要求人们比较不同类型的礼物：一种是立即吸引人的礼物，比如一打盛开的鲜花；另一种是价格相似的礼物，从长远来看会更令人满意，比如几天后会开花的二十几朵花蕾)”以及后文“However, others who were asked which they’d like to receive picked the latter.(然而，当被问及他们想要哪种礼物时，其他人选择了后者)”可知，本句与后文都是在说明人们对于礼物的选择问题，后文提到了选择后者的情况，推测本句是在说明人们会选择前者的情况。故E选项“当人们认为他们将要送礼物时，他们更喜欢前者”符合语境，故选E。 IV. Words & Phrases （10分） Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Each phrase can be used only once. There are three more phrases than you need. well off;  be keen on;  be ashamed of;  in all ;   on behalf of ;  refer to 51．They would never that matter again. 52．You should yourself for telling such lies. 53．In addition, a hero must be optimistic and diligent and his hard work. 54．It won't be long before the Chinese people will become . 55．Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help my colleagues. 【答案】51．refer to 52．be ashamed of 53．be keen on 54．well off 55．on behalf of 【分析】51．考查短语。句意：他们再也不提那件事了。短语refer to“提及，参考”符合题意。情态动词would后接动词原形。故填refer to。 52．考查短语。句意：你应该为说这样的谎话而感到羞耻。短语be ashamed of“对……感到羞耻”符合题意。情态动词should后接动词原形。故填be ashamed of。 53．考查短语。句意：此外，一个英雄必须乐观和勤奋，并热衷于他的努力工作。短语be keen on“喜爱，爱好”符合题意。情态动词must后接动词原形。故填be keen on。 54．考查短语。句意：中国人民不久就会富裕起来。短语well off “富有的”符合题意，作表语。故填well off。 55．考查短语。句意：请允许我代表我的同事感谢你对我的帮助。短语on behalf of“代表”符合题意。故填on behalf of。 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．make sense   B．in that   C． participate in   D．differ from   E. stick to   F. hold back   G. the instant   H. so that    I. take on     J. glance at   K. concentrate on 56．Whatever setbacks we meet, we should our goals. 57．If you this project, it will mean a lot of extra work. 58．Though they are twins, they each other in many ways. 59．This is such a moving story that I can hardly my tears. 60．Some words and phrases in British English don’t to the Americans. 61．His parents encourage him to the after-class activities at school. 62．I was deeply attracted by the great view I arrived at this tourist attraction. 63．He is not likely to watch the basketball match he has many assignments to do. 64．You can have good performance in the exam on condition that you every lesson. 65．He has been under much pressure recently, his health has been affected. 【答案】 56．E 57．I 58．D 59．F 60．A 61．C 62．G 63．B 64．K 65．H 【解析】56．考查固定短语。句意：无论遇到什么挫折，我们都应该坚持我们的目标。结合句意表示“坚持”可知短语为stick to，且should后跟动词原形。故填stick to。故选E。 57．考查固定短语和时态。句意：如果你接下这个项目，就意味着要做很多额外的工作。结合句意表示“接下，承担”可知短语为take on，且此处主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表将来，且主语为you，故谓语动词用原形。故填take on。故选I。 58．考查固定短语和时态。句意：虽然他们是双胞胎，但他们在许多方面彼此不同。结合句意表示“与……不同”可知短语为differ from，且结合上文are可知为一般现在时，主语为they，谓语动词用原形。故填differ from。故选D。 59．考查固定短语。句意：这是一个如此感人的故事，我几乎无法抑制我的眼泪。根据句意“抑制”可知短语为hold back，且can后跟动词原形。故填hold back。故选F。 60．考查固定短语。句意：英国英语中的一些单词和短语对美国人来说没有意义。根据句意表示“有意义”可知短语为make sense，结合上文don't可知应填动词原形。故填make sense。故选A。 61．考查固定短语。句意：他的父母鼓励他参加学校的课外活动。根据句意“参加”可知短语为participate in，且上文为短语encourage sb. to do sth.，故应填原形。故填participate in。故选C。 62．考查固定短语。句意：我一到这个旅游景点就被这里的美景深深吸引了。结合句意“一……就……”可知短语为the instant，引导时间状语从句。故填the instant。故选G。 63．考查固定短语。句意：他不太可能去看篮球比赛，因为他有很多作业要做。根据句意“因为”可知短语为in that，引导原因状语从句。故填in that。故选B。 64．考查固定短语和时态。句意：如果你全神贯注于每一课，你就能在考试中取得好成绩。根据句意“全神贯注于”可知短语为concentrate on，且此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，从句中主语为you，谓语动词用原形。故填concentrate on。故选K。 65．考查固定短语。句意：他最近压力很大，所以他的健康受到了影响。结合句意表示“所以”，且引导结果状语从句，应用so that。故填so that。故选H。 V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 66．为何人们都反对这个对环保有积极影响的举措？(object) 【答案】Why do people object to the measure that/which has a positive impact/influence/effect on environmental protection? 【详解】考查动词和定语从句。根据所给中文句子可知，为特殊疑问句，用why提问，后接一般疑问句，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，“人们”作主语，译为“people”，“都反对”根据题干要求，用object作谓语，“举措”作宾语，译为“the measure”，“对环保有积极影响的”可用which或者that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词measure，在从句中作主语，“有积极影响”可用固定搭配have a positive impact/influence/effect on，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故译为：Why do people object to the measure that/which has a positive impact/influence/effect on environmental protection? 67．纪念品的价格从十元到一千元不等，以满足不同游客的需求。(range) 【答案】The prices of souvenirs range from ten yuan to one thousand yuan to meet the needs of different tourists. 【详解】考查固定短语、时态和不定式。表示“纪念品的价格”为the prices of souvenirs；表示“从十元到一千元不等”应用短语range from…to…，用一般现在时，翻译为range from ten yuan to one thousand yuan；表示“满足不同游客的需求”应用不定式作目的状语，翻译为to meet the needs of different tourists。故翻译为The prices of souvenirs range from ten yuan to one thousand yuan to meet the needs of different tourists. 68．背诵单词，切莫苛求数量和频率，持之以恒方能见效。(a difference) 【答案】During reciting words, do not demand quantity and frequency and perseverance can make a difference. 【详解】考查固定短语。分析句子，句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“背诵单词时”用during reciting words；表示“不要苛求数量和频率”用do not demand quantity and frequency ，此处为祈使句的否定结构；表示“持之以恒”用perseverance；表示“起到作用，见效果”用make a difference，前后两句构成并列关系，使用and连接。故翻译为：During reciting words, do not demand quantity and frequency and perseverance can make a difference。 69．他在讲座中提到的那个想法将有助于我们更好理解人工智能。(contribute) 【答案】The idea he mentioned/ referred to in the lecture will contribute to our better understanding of artificial intelligence. 【详解】考查名词短语、定语从句、动词短语、介词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“想法”为名词 idea，此处为特指，应用定冠词the修饰，后接省略关系代词that/which 引导的定语从句，在该从句中，表示“提到”应为动词短语mention/ refer to，作谓语，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；表示“在讲座中”应为介词短语in the lecture；表示“有助于”应为动词短语contribute to，作主句谓语动词，结合“将”可知主句应用一般将来时；表示“我们更好理解人工智能”应为名词短语our better understanding of artificial intelligence。故翻译为：The idea he mentioned/ referred to in the lecture will contribute to our better understanding of artificial intelligence. VI. Guided Writing （25分） 70．Directions: Write an English paragraph in no less than 70 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明。你校拟为高一学生增设“唐诗英译(Translating Tang Poems into English)”社团，并就此征询学生意见。请写封邮件给负责人朱老师，在邮件的主体段落： 1)表明你是否会加入该社团； 2)陈述你的理由。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr. Zhu, I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to express my thoughts on the newly proposed “Translating Tang Poems into English” club for first-year students at Mingqi High School. As an avid reader of Tang poetry and someone who has always been fascinated by the art of translation, I would definitely consider joining this club. I believe that this opportunity would not only enhance my understanding of Chinese literature but also improve my English language skills, especially in the realm of literary translation. Moreover, I find the idea of bridging cultural gaps through translation incredibly appealing and think it would be a rewarding experience to share the beauty of Tang poems with others in a different language. Thank you for considering my feedback. I look forward to hearing more about the club’s development. Yours, Li Ming 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写封邮件给负责人朱老师，表明是否会加入“唐诗英译”社团以及陈述理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 加强：enhance→strengthen 机会：opportunity→chance 此外：moreover→besides 考虑：consider→take into account 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thank you for considering my feedback. 拓展句：I would appreciate it if you can consider my feedback. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】I believe that this opportunity would not only enhance my understanding of Chinese literature but also improve my English language skills, especially in the realm of literary translation. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Thank you for considering my feedback. (运用了动名词作宾语) 试卷第6页，共7页 ( 17 / 18 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一年级英语下学期第一次月考卷（沪外版） （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 参考答案 II. Grammar and vocabulary (20分) Section A 1．to climb 2．further 3．which/that 4．after 5．what 6．so 7．could 8．if 9．was fascinated 10．Nothing Section B 11．I 12．G 13．F 14．J 15．B 16．H 17．E 18．K 19．D 20．C III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．B 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D Section B 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．B 44．A 45．B 46．C Section C 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．E IV. Words &Phrases （10分） 51．refer to 52．be ashamed of 53．be keen on 54．well off 55．on behalf of 56．E 57．I 58．D 59．F 60．A 61．C 62．G 63．B 64．K 65．H V. Translation （15分） 【66】Why do people object to the measure that/which has a positive impact/influence/effect on environmental protection? 【67】The prices of souvenirs range from ten yuan to one thousand yuan to meet the needs of different tourists. 【68】During reciting words, do not demand quantity and frequency and perseverance can make a difference. 【69】The idea he mentioned/ referred to in the lecture will contribute to our better understanding of artificial intelligence. VI. Guided Writing （25分） 70.【参考答案】 Dear Mr. Zhu, I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to express my thoughts on the newly proposed “Translating Tang Poems into English” club for first-year students at Mingqi High School. As an avid reader of Tang poetry and someone who has always been fascinated by the art of translation, I would definitely consider joining this club. I believe that this opportunity would not only enhance my understanding of Chinese literature but also improve my English language skills, especially in the realm of literary translation. Moreover, I find the idea of bridging cultural gaps through translation incredibly appealing and think it would be a rewarding experience to share the beauty of Tang poems with others in a different language. Thank you for considering my feedback. I look forward to hearing more about the club’s development. Yours, Li Ming 答案第2页，共2页 ( 1 / 2 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$