精品解析：上海市大同中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

上海市大同中学2024学年第二学期寒假作业检查 高二英语 时间90分钟 满分100分 I.Listening Comprehension 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She earned an award. B. She helped plan the award ceremony. C. She should work more for the community. D. She served as chairperson of the committee. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Exchange the tickets. B. Take care of his cold. C. Watch the game at home. D. Wear a warmer coat to the game. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She collects pictures of cars. B. She likes the design of the car. C. Someone famous is riding in the car. D. The car is in front of something interesting. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She hears a new post office has just opened. B. She doesn’t know where the post office is. C. She thinks the post office is nearby. D. She hasn’t received any mail yet. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Get his shower fixed. B. Take a shower at the gym. C. Find out when the gym is open. D. Move to another building. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Deliver the package in person. B. Pick up the package at the post office. C. Ask to have the package delivered to his home. D. Find out the opening hours of the post office. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She is difficult to find. B. She is a good doctor. C. She used to be his doctor. D. She is fairly old. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She needs to buy a new coat. B. Her coat is similar to the man’s. C. Her sweater is not warm enough. D. The man should have worn a sweater. 9. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It hasn’t been graded. B. It received a low grade. C. The committee is discussing it. D. The woman hasn’t submitted it. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He recently spent a month in Chicago. B. There are many things to do in Chicago. C. Chicago is an expensive place to have fun. D. He is also going on the trip next month. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. She was bored with it. B. She wasn’t interested in it. C. She was eager to watch it. D. She wasn’t surprised at it. 12. A. His reference to having a new baby. B. The jokes he told about recent events. C. The dance he taught the audience. D. His imitating a performer. 13. A. The material wasn’t totally new. B. It didn’t keep the audience laughing. C. He didn’t look as good as he did on TV. D. There wasn’t much chance to get the ticket. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Apes can learn from human beings in an unexpected way. B. Apes have the ability previously thought to belong only to humans. C. Apes are able to recognize just some of human beings’ feelings. D. Apes appear to be as intelligent and quick-minded as humans. 15. A. They showed the researcher the direction in which the monkey left. B. They looked at the house where the monkey had been hiding. C. They looked for the monkey that had attacked the researcher. D. They reminded the researcher that the monkey wasn’t there. 16. A. Apes’ IQ level is similar to average human babies’. B. Apes can tell as precisely which information is false as humans. C. Humans and their relatives have more in common than expected. D Eye tracking methods can work well in animal behavior research. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Back-up devices for electricity failure. B. The necessity of electricity in daily life. C. Tips for a safe electricity supply. D. Electricity supply on aeroplanes. 18. A. 20 percent. B. 13 percent. C. 5 percent. D. 3 percent. 19. A. It must be reliable and supplied at a constant speed. B. It must be able to repair itself in case of any failure. C. It must vary in rate according to how fast a plane flies. D. It must be equal to the amount of electricity consumed by 15 homes. 20. A. Charge on-board batteries. B. Keep vital systems working. C. Deliver 50 kilowatts of power. D. Provide on-board patients with help. II.Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 When a young sawfly, a bee-like insect, ____21____ (threaten) by its attackers like ants, it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself. These emissions ____22____ seriously annoy a potential enemy. Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds — to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why — face great challenges. Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out. There is also a very limited quantity of the insects’ emissions. On the side, Jean-Luc Boevé, a zoologist who studies insects, from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, is an amateur musician and composer. He decided to try a different way — the sound approach. “To be honest, I considered this project so unpractical, tricky and initially abstract ____23____ I set it aside,” he said. It was months ____24____ Boevé and his partner, Rudi Giot, finally made a resolution to get started on it. They chose 16 sawfly species’ emissions to translate into sounds. First, they figured out which molecules (分子) were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts. Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules ____25____ (match) properties of sound. For example, smaller molecules like a kind of acid ____26____ (find) in vinegar, a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate (挥发) quickly, so Boevé and Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch. Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds. In all, the scientists created individual audio descriptions for 20 molecules. Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack. If a molecule was ____27____ higher proportion in an emission, they assigned it a higher volume. In such a case, the smaller a molecule is, ____28____ (likely) its pitch will be high; the higher the proportion of a molecule is, the higher its volume will be. To test out the audio descriptions they created, Boevé and Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks and compared them to ants’ reactions to the original smells. Volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch, as well as the high volume, was ____29____ made them withdraw. “Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,” the researchers wrote. Boevé said he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’ chemical defenses with _____30_____ from other insects. It may also offer researchers clues about which molecules fight off enemies most. Section B 短文填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. access B. alternatives C. assigned D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements G. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supporting Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or ___31___ , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in. As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with ___32___ to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These ___33___ solutions are meant to support better organizational performance. As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been ___34___ by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not ___35___ to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that ___36___ workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’___37___ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms. Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often ___38___ demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to ___39___ and their best. All these ___40___ of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage — the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other. III.Reading Comprehension (45%) Young people Leading the Way on Fair Trade “Fair Trade” is a movement to ensure that producers in developing countries receive a minimum price for their goods which covers that cost of production and an extra amount to invest into the local community. This means that when a company sells a Fair Trade product, it must give between a quarter and a third of the selling price back to the ____41____. Fair Trade labelling was created in the Netherlands in the late 1980s as a way of trying to fight ____42____ in developing countries. Now there are 19 organizations involved in the running and controlling of Fair Trade, and there are more than five hundred producers from over 49 countries operating in the Fair Trade system. Sales of Fair Trade products have really ____43____ in Britain where consumers spend more money on them than in any other country. More importantly, it is a philosophy that is proving extremely popular with the young, which means the ____44____ is looking good for the Fair Trade movement. A recent study, which looked into British people’s ____45____ toward “Fair Trade”, found that school and university students in the UK are particularly enthusiastic about the subject. ____46____, nine out of ten students said they wanted to see their schools and universities offer Fair Trade products, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and bananas, in their shops and canteens. Moreover, seven out of ten young people said they would be ____47____ to buy a Fair Trade product even if the price was slightly higher. Although the ____48____ is there, however, educational establishments are proving slow to accommodate their students’ wishes. In fact, the survey suggests that only 8 percent of schools and universities ____49____ Fair Trade products. It seems that it is the desire to _____50_____ to the lives of the poor that is driving young people’s consumer choices. About 80 percent said the main _____51_____ they buy Fair Trade goods is to help out the poor. They think it is _____52_____ that the people who produce the food they eat are paid a fair wage. And it is not just the issue of Fair Trade that _____53_____ the young: more than 90 percent of them said that they wanted to find out what else they could do to change their life style and benefit the poor. Fair Trade products often _____54_____ more than non-Fair Trade items, but a lot of people are prepared to put up with slightly higher prices if it _____55_____ the lives of workers in developing countries, many of whom find it difficult to get by. 41. A. customer B. salesperson C. producer D. transporter 42. A. poverty B. diseases C. disasters D. conflict 43. A. got away B. taken off C. broken up D. come out 44. A. demand B. review C. origin D. future 45. A. attitudes B. tendencies C. advances D. policies 46. A. However B. Indeed C. Besides D. Otherwise 47. A. required B. surprised C. willing D. careful 48. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. feedback D. qualification 49. A. purchase B. deny C. consider D. offer 50. A. make a difference B. find an approach C. make an application D. find an excuse 51. A. result B. reason C. fact D. idea 52. A. informative B. impossible C. important D. inevitable 53. A. disappoints B. excludes C. astonishes D. interests 54. A. sell B. cost C. appeal D. help 55. A. improves B. reveals C. saves D. understands Section B (A) Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures. Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. “Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.” Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran. Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.” 56. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day? A. To remember the birth of jazz. B. To protect cultural diversity. C. To encourage people to study music. D. To recognize the value of jazz. 57. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Jazz becoming more accessible. B. The production of jazz growing faster. C. Jazz being less popular with the young. D. The jazz audience becoming larger. 58 What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz? A. It will disappear gradually. B. It remains black and white. C. It should keep up with the times. D. It changes every 50 years. 59. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Exploring the Future of Jazz. B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz. C. The Story of a Jazz Musician. D. Celebrating the Jazz Day. (B) Virtual reality Probably the most exciting tech development of recent times, virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with sufficient options available to the consumer who’s searching for an extra amount of high-tech fun. The cheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy of Sony. Its PlayStation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone – it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library. There is some equipment you can purchase to enhance the experience, but if you’ve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400. Other high-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung’s Gear VR, will get your head in the game. Wireless headphones Combining ease of use with the ability to move wild around your home, gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plenty of practical options to suit any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They’ve even earned the Editor’s Choice award at Cnet.com and can be purchased for less than $400 online. Digital cameras While your phone is a worthy assistant, there’s no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days you can get quality specifications in a package that’s almost as small as your smartphone. The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting-edge technology. Domestically, it’s worth checking out Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 for a more affordable option. With a high-end 20-megapixel (兆像素) sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it’s available from just 2,199 yuan. 60. Sony can provide high-tech fun at the lowest cost because________. A. players can play free games online B. PS4 owners don’t need any other device C. it gives players adequate experience D. players have purchased expensive PCs 61. What is Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones’ selling point promoted in the passage? A. They have various types to meet users’ needs. B. Users can reduce noise manually. C. They work better in the wild. D. Users can make phone calls with the headphones. 62. If your friend, who favors everything in the styles of the past, plans to make perfect pictures with a new device, you will most probably recommend ________. A. A smart phone. B. Fujifilm X70. C. Olympus PEN-F. D. Yi M1. (C) A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头) that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable. Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants’ success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too. But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a "God’s eye view" of activities in their own markets and beyond. This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out. The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms’ data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags. The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users’ consent. Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments don’t want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon. 63. Why is there a call to break up giants? A. They have controlled the data market. B. They collect enormous private data. C. They no longer provide free services. D They dismissed some new-born giants. 64. What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate? A. Data giants’ technology is very expensive. B. Google’s idea is popular among data firms. C. Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position. D. Data can be turned into new services or products. 65. By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could 　　　. A. kill a new threat B. avoid the size trap C. favour bigger firms D. charge higher prices 66. What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data? A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure. B. Governments could relieve their financial pressure. C. Consumers could better protect their privacy. D. Small companies could get more opportunities. Section C Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of world, but one country whose food has a long history of being globalized is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries. Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. ___67___ Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and sold relatively cheaply in the last five years, according to one manufacturer. ___68___ This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes. These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties. ___69___ ___70___ Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign fruits has greatly increased. While this extra choice is welcomed by some, others fear that the damage it may cause to Italian traditions. A. There is a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside and the food people eat in big cities. B. Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. C. In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. D. Possibly the global popularity of Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. E. Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. F. Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. 4.Translation 71. 他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。(possible) （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 72. 当你被无情嘲笑时，要学会抑制打架的冲动并且反驳批评。(defend) （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 73. 在Mark Twain的传记里，一个好的记者就算没有轰动性的新闻也要迎难而上。(rise) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 74. 面对种族歧视，人们不仅不羞愧而且还毫不退缩。正是这反抗的简单举动播下了挑战不公平和区别对待种子。(It) （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市大同中学2024学年第二学期寒假作业检查 高二英语 时间90分钟 满分100分 I.Listening Comprehension 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She earned an award. B. She helped plan the award ceremony. C. She should work more for the community. D. She served as chairperson of the committee. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Isn’t it great about Ruth’s community service award? M: She deserved it. Q: What can be learned about Ruth? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Exchange the tickets. B. Take care of his cold. C. Watch the game at home. D. Wear a warmer coat to the game. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I’ve got two tickets to today’s game. Do you want to come along? M: It’ll be on television. Besides, it’s really too cold for me. Q: What will the man most probably do? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She collects pictures of cars. B. She likes the design of the car. C. Someone famous is riding in the car. D. The car is in front of something interesting. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Come on, Sue, I know you have a new camera, but you just took a picture of a car. W: No, No! Look behind the car. Q: What does the woman mean? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She hears a new post office has just opened. B. She doesn’t know where the post office is. C. She thinks the post office is nearby. D. She hasn’t received any mail yet. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the post office? W: Your guess is as good as mine. I'm new around here. Q: What does the woman mean? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Get his shower fixed. B. Take a shower at the gym. C. Find out when the gym is open. D. Move to another building. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: We haven't had any hot water for three days and I hate cold showers. W: Oh, sounds miserable. Since the gyms usually open, why don't you just go over there to fix the problem? Q：What does the woman suggest the man do? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Deliver the package in person. B. Pick up the package at the post office. C. Ask to have the package delivered to his home. D. Find out the opening hours of the post office. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: I wish I didn’t have to make a special trip to the post office to get my package. W: Well, if you call them in the morning, they’ll give the package to your mail carrier to bring out to you. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She is difficult to find. B. She is a good doctor. C. She used to be his doctor. D. She is fairly old. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m new in town and I need to find a doctor. Do you know anything about Joyce Brown? M: I’ve been going to her for years. I don’t see how you could do better. Q: What does the man say about Joyce Brown? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She needs to buy a new coat. B. Her coat is similar to the man’s. C. Her sweater is not warm enough. D. The man should have worn a sweater. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, that’s a great sweater you’re wearing. It looks really warm. W: Yeah, but I wish I brought a coat like you did. It’s really cold today. Q: What does the woman imply? 9. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It hasn’t been graded. B. It received a low grade. C. The committee is discussing it. D. The woman hasn’t submitted it. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Professor, have you graded my term paper yet? M: To tell you the truth, I’ve been tied up in committee meetings all week. Q: What can be learned about the woman's paper? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He recently spent a month in Chicago. B. There are many things to do in Chicago. C. Chicago is an expensive place to have fun. D. He is also going on the trip next month. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m going to Chicago on business and somebody said you were the right person to talk to about what I can do there for fun. M: You bet I am. But I hope you’ve got at least a month. Q: What does the man imply? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. She was bored with it. B. She wasn’t interested in it. C. She was eager to watch it. D. She wasn’t surprised at it. 12. A. His reference to having a new baby. B. The jokes he told about recent events. C. The dance he taught the audience. D. His imitating a performer. 13. A. The material wasn’t totally new. B. It didn’t keep the audience laughing. C. He didn’t look as good as he did on TV. D. There wasn’t much chance to get the ticket. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 【解析】 【原文】I’m not normally a huge fan of stand-up comedy, but I had seen James Reece before on TV, so when my friend bought me a ticket to his show for my birthday, I was actually quite looking forward to the show. Thousands of people had turned up to see him perform, and the general mood of the crowd was relaxed and friendly. It seemed everyone was in a good mood and looking forward to a few laughs. The show started on time, and from the outside Reece was on top form. He opened with having recently had a baby, and then followed up with a few jokes about recent events in the news. The crowd loved it, applauding the carefully constructed jokes and cheering some of the funniest. The highlight of the evening was when he did a dance routine, imitating a performer who had recently given a performance on national TV. It was so funny that I was in tears. The one thing I didn’t like about the show though, was that there were a few jokes I’ve heard him use before on TV, which was a bit of a shame as I’d expected the material to be new. Over all though, I’d definitely recommend going to see him if you have the chance. Even if you’re not a great fan of stand-up comedy, you’ll love the show. Questions: 11. How did the speaker feel when he received the ticket to James Reece’s show? 12. Which part of James Reece’s show did the speaker like most? 13. What did the speaker dislike about James Reece’s show? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. Apes can learn from human beings in an unexpected way. B. Apes have the ability previously thought to belong only to humans. C. Apes are able to recognize just some of human beings’ feelings. D. Apes appear to be as intelligent and quick-minded as humans. 15. A. They showed the researcher the direction in which the monkey left. B. They looked at the house where the monkey had been hiding. C. They looked for the monkey that had attacked the researcher. D. They reminded the researcher that the monkey wasn’t there. 16. A. Apes’ IQ level is similar to average human babies’. B. Apes can tell as precisely which information is false as humans. C. Humans and their relatives have more in common than expected. D. Eye tracking methods can work well in animal behavior research. 【答案】14. B 15. B 16. D 【解析】 【原文】A new study used eye tracking methods to study apes while they were watching videos of an actor in a monkey suit. It indicated that great apes can predict another’s behavior even when they know it is misguided, which could indicate the ability to recognize in others a false belief. Such an ability is a stage in the development of a theory of mind, a stage previously thought to be unique to humans. The videos adapted a technique that has been used to study false belief in infants and that tests whether study subjects expect where someone will look for an object or individual. The videos showed scenes like as the actor in a monkey suit attacking a researcher, then hiding in one of two houses, then leaving after the researcher leaves the scene. When the researcher returns with a big stick to look for the wayward monkey, eye tracking showed that the apes who watched the video would spend time looking at the house where it had been hiding, predicting where the researcher would mistakenly look for it. This study gave rise to a debate among scientists about false belief and what conclusions were appropriate to draw from the study. Nevertheless, all seem to agree that it demonstrates the promise of eye tracking methods in animal behavior research and the potential for mental continuity between humans and their close relatives. Questions 14. What did the new study indicate? 15. What did the apes do after the attacked researcher appeared again with a stick? 16. Which conclusion drawn from the study do all the scientists agree with? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. Back-up devices for electricity failure. B. The necessity of electricity in daily life. C. Tips for a safe electricity supply. D. Electricity supply on aeroplanes. 18. A. 20 percent. B. 13 percent. C. 5 percent. D. 3 percent. 19. A. It must be reliable and supplied at a constant speed. B. It must be able to repair itself in case of any failure. C. It must vary in rate according to how fast a plane flies. D. It must be equal to the amount of electricity consumed by 15 homes. 20. A. Charge on-board batteries. B. Keep vital systems working. C Deliver 50 kilowatts of power. D. Provide on-board patients with help. 【答案】17. D 18. B 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Electricity has become such an accepted part of modern life that we would be lost without it. Countless conveniences which we take for granted, such as cookers, refrigerators, TVs and lighting could not operate without a source of electric power. The situation about a modern aircraft is not different. Peter Pletcher from Frankfurt Airport is here to tell us about electricity in aeroplanes. Peter, hello. M: Hello, and thank you for inviting me onto your programme. W: How is an aircraft provided with electrical power, Peter? M: Well, of course, it has to produce its own. W: I see. How much power is usually produced? M: Oh, yes. On a Boeing 747,325 kilowatts of electricity is produced. Did you know that if all the electrical devices installed in an aircraft were switched on at once, then 224 kilowatts of electric power would be required? That’s the amount consumed by 15 private homes. W: That is a lot. So how does the aircraft use the electricity? M: Well, most is consumed in the kitchens. Then a further 20 percent is used by electronic, water and technical systems on board. Thirteen percent is used for the air conditioning, five percent of the lighting, three percent for the in-flight entertainment system. The remainder is consumed by the de-icing system for the windows and the water pipes in the kitchens and toilets. W: What about the reliability of the supply? M: Of course, the power supply on an aircraft must not fail. W: But surely the jet engines don't always run at the same speed. M: Exactly. There’s a device to ensure that the electricity is supplied at a uniform rate. There’s also a back-up emergency device, delivering five kilowatts of power, which is enough to operate vital systems. W: Peter Pletcher, that was fascinating. Now we know! Thank you very much. M: Thank you. Questions 1. What are the two speakers talking about? 2. According to the man, what percent of electricity is consumed for the air conditioning? 3. According to the man, what can be learned about on-board electricity? 4. What can a back-up emergency device do? II.Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 When a young sawfly, a bee-like insect, ____21____ (threaten) by its attackers like ants, it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself. These emissions ____22____ seriously annoy a potential enemy. Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds — to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why — face great challenges. Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out. There is also a very limited quantity of the insects’ emissions. On the side, Jean-Luc Boevé, a zoologist who studies insects, from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, is an amateur musician and composer. He decided to try a different way — the sound approach. “To be honest, I considered this project so unpractical, tricky and initially abstract ____23____ I set it aside,” he said. It was months ____24____ Boevé and his partner, Rudi Giot, finally made a resolution to get started on it. They chose 16 sawfly species’ emissions to translate into sounds. First, they figured out which molecules (分子) were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts. Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules ____25____ (match) properties of sound. For example, smaller molecules like a kind of acid ____26____ (find) in vinegar, a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate (挥发) quickly, so Boevé and Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch. Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds. In all, the scientists created individual audio descriptions for 20 molecules. Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack. If a molecule was ____27____ higher proportion in an emission, they assigned it a higher volume. In such a case, the smaller a molecule is, ____28____ (likely) its pitch will be high; the higher the proportion of a molecule is, the higher its volume will be. To test out the audio descriptions they created, Boevé and Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks and compared them to ants’ reactions to the original smells. Volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch, as well as the high volume, was ____29____ made them withdraw. “Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,” the researchers wrote. Boevé said he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’ chemical defenses with _____30_____ from other insects. It may also offer researchers clues about which molecules fight off enemies most. 【答案】21. is threatened 22. can 23. that 24. before 25. matching 26. found 27. of 28. the more likely 29. what 30. those 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Jean-Luc Boeve采用了将气味转化为声音的方式研究锯蝇释放的气味如何赶走敌人。 【21题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：当一只小锯蝇，一种像蜜蜂一样的昆虫，受到像蚂蚁这样的攻击者的威胁时，它会发出一种难闻的气味来保护自己。此处为谓语动词，主语sawfly与谓语构成被动关系，且理解为陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用单数。故填is threatened。 【22题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：这些排放物会严重惹恼潜在的敌人。后跟动词原形，且表示“能够，会”应用情态动词can。故填can。 【23题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：他说：“说实话，我认为这个项目不切实际、棘手，而且一开始很抽象，所以我把它搁置了。”此处为连词引导状语从句，结合句意，表示“如此……以至于”为so…that...引导的结果状语从句。故填that。 【24题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：几个月后，Boevé和他的搭档Rudi Giot终于下定决心要开始做这件事。此处为句型“it +be+一段时间+before...”表示“过了多久才……”符合句意，所以此处使用连词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 【25题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们分配了这些分子与声音的特性相匹配的各种特征。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词characteristics ，match与characteristics构成主动关系，所以此处用现在分词形式。故填matching。 【26题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，像醋（一种酸味液体）中发现的一种酸这样的小分子蒸发得很快，所以Boevé和乔特给它们分配了更高的音调。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词acid，acid与find为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填found。 【27题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果一个分子在辐射中所占的比例更高，他们就会给它分配更高的体积。此处为“of +抽象名词”表示主语的特征和属性，意为“比例较高”符合句意。故填of。 【28题详解】 考查比较级。句意：在这种情况下，分子越小，其音高越高的可能性越大；一个分子的比例越高，它的体积就越大。此处为固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，所以此处使用likely的比较级形式the more likely。故填the more likely。 【29题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：志愿者告诉研究人员，高音调和高音量是让他们退缩的原因。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物。故填what。 【30题详解】 考查代词。句意：Boevé说，他希望这一过程能给其他动物学家提供一种比较锯蝇和其他昆虫的化学防御的新方法。此处无提示词作宾语，与上文defenses同类相比，应用代词those。故填those。 Section B 短文填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. access B. alternatives C. assigned D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements G. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supporting Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or ___31___ , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in. As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one office designers come up with ___32___ to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These ___33___ solutions are meant to support better organizational performance. As employee hierarchies (等级制度) have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been ___34___ by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not ___35___ to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new designs allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that ___36___ workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’___37___ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms. Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often ___38___ demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to ___39___ and their best. All these ___40___ of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage — the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other. 【答案】31. I 32. B 33. H 34. D 35. C 36. J 37. A 38. E 39. G 40. F 【解析】 【分析】 【31题详解】 根据划线部分前面的单词potential （形容词，潜在的）和or（表并列，意为或者），可以知道答案是一个形容词且意思和潜在的是相近的。结合备选答案及单词意思，只有prospective （adj. 未来的; 预期的; 可能的; 有希望的;）符合，所以填I. prospective。 【32题详解】 本句的句意是随着我们从以工业为基础的经济转移到知识为基础的经济，办公室设计者已经想出了一些替代传统工作环境的事物。根据划线部分前后的介词可以知道该空应该填一个名词。在备选答案中是名词的选项有三个，分别是alternatives （adj. 替代的; 另类的; 备选的; 其他的; n.可供选择的事物）； elements（成分; 原理，基础; 要素）；function（n. 功能，作用; 应变量，函数; 职务; 重大聚会）。结合句意，所以填B. alternatives。 【33题详解】 根据划线部分后面的名词solutions（解决办法）可以知道该空应该是填一个形容词，又根据划线部分前面的代词These可以知道，后面所说的内容其实是指代前一句话的内容“设计工厂已经把一个固定的办公室转变为一个创造性地灵活环境”。备选答案中能够和创造性同义的词就只有这个选项innovative革新的，所以填H. innovative。 【34题详解】 根据划线部分前面的has also been以及划线部分后面的by changes，这是典型的被动语态的结构形式have/has been done by sth.所以可以知道答案选项应该是过去分词形式。备选的答案有assigned（分派）；confirmed（确认），根据句意，所以填D.confirmed. 【35题详解】 根据划线部分前面的are及主语offices and work spaces （物作主语），也可以判断该题应该是过去分词形式，表被动。结合上一题（44题）剩下的备选答案，通过语意判断，该句表达的是办公室及工作空间不是分派给一个人永久使用。所以填C. assigned. 【36题详解】 该句意为另一个重要的设计目标就是交流，这意味着设计者已经通过降低分割工作空间的墙来改善。根据划线部分前面的that以及前面的wall，可以判断这是一个定语从句，修饰墙。再根据句意中的交流，所以填J.separate。 【37题详解】 根据划线部分前面的employees'这个名词所有格及划线部分后的介词，可以知道这个空格要填名词形式。如果从搭配的角度来看，基本可以确定答案为access, access to 的意思是进入。如果按照意思来排除，也可以知道答案是access。本句意为“设计者也创造了一个非正式的聚会地方，同时也更新了员工进入如复印室和咖啡屋之类的地方。所以填A. access。 【38题详解】 根据划线部分前面的结构 competing （竞争的） and ,可以知道，空格应该填写一个和competing 结构上相同（动名词形式），意思是相近的。在备选答案中，动名词的形式有两个conflicting （相矛盾的，冲突的）和supporting （支持的）。综合分析，所以填E. conflicting。 【39题详解】 本句意为“这种要求要注意均衡内饰的需要和使得员工起到最好的作用，内饰在一定程度上，可以加强，建立或促进公司的形象。”根据划线部分前面的to，结合搭配enable sb to do sth可以知道空格填动词形式，而且是原形。备选答案只有function。另外，要注意function可以作不及物动词及名词，所以填G. function。 【40题详解】 根据划线部分的前面是these，后面是of可以知道空格要填的是一个名词形式。再根据these 的指代作用，知道这个名词应该是一个还有概括意义的词。综合上面的题目，剩下的备选答案是elements（要素）和supporting（支持），其中supporting 词性不对，这也表明supporting是多余的选项。所以答案是elements. 本句意为“所有的这些办公室要素都有关联”，所以填F. elements。 III.Reading Comprehension (45%) Young people Leading the Way on Fair Trade “Fair Trade” is a movement to ensure that producers in developing countries receive a minimum price for their goods which covers that cost of production and an extra amount to invest into the local community. This means that when a company sells a Fair Trade product, it must give between a quarter and a third of the selling price back to the ____41____. Fair Trade labelling was created in the Netherlands in the late 1980s as a way of trying to fight ____42____ in developing countries. Now there are 19 organizations involved in the running and controlling of Fair Trade, and there are more than five hundred producers from over 49 countries operating in the Fair Trade system. Sales of Fair Trade products have really ____43____ in Britain where consumers spend more money on them than in any other country. More importantly, it is a philosophy that is proving extremely popular with the young, which means the ____44____ is looking good for the Fair Trade movement. A recent study, which looked into British people’s ____45____ toward “Fair Trade”, found that school and university students in the UK are particularly enthusiastic about the subject. ____46____, nine out of ten students said they wanted to see their schools and universities offer Fair Trade products, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and bananas, in their shops and canteens. Moreover, seven out of ten young people said they would be ____47____ to buy a Fair Trade product even if the price was slightly higher. Although the ____48____ is there, however, educational establishments are proving slow to accommodate their students’ wishes. In fact, the survey suggests that only 8 percent of schools and universities ____49____ Fair Trade products. It seems that it is the desire to _____50_____ to the lives of the poor that is driving young people’s consumer choices. About 80 percent said the main _____51_____ they buy Fair Trade goods is to help out the poor. They think it is _____52_____ that the people who produce the food they eat are paid a fair wage. And it is not just the issue of Fair Trade that _____53_____ the young: more than 90 percent of them said that they wanted to find out what else they could do to change their life style and benefit the poor. Fair Trade products often _____54_____ more than non-Fair Trade items, but a lot of people are prepared to put up with slightly higher prices if it _____55_____ the lives of workers in developing countries, many of whom find it difficult to get by. 41. A. customer B. salesperson C. producer D. transporter 42. A. poverty B. diseases C. disasters D. conflict 43. A. got away B. taken off C. broken up D. come out 44. A. demand B. review C. origin D. future 45. A. attitudes B. tendencies C. advances D. policies 46. A. However B. Indeed C. Besides D. Otherwise 47. A. required B. surprised C. willing D. careful 48. A. enthusiasm B. hesitation C. feedback D. qualification 49. A. purchase B. deny C. consider D. offer 50. A. make a difference B. find an approach C. make an application D. find an excuse 51. A. result B. reason C. fact D. idea 52. A. informative B. impossible C. important D. inevitable 53. A. disappoints B. excludes C. astonishes D. interests 54. A. sell B. cost C. appeal D. help 55. A. improves B. reveals C. saves D. understands 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是年轻消费者如何引领这一理念的流行，以及他们对改善生产者生活的积极影响。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，当一家公司销售公平贸易产品时，它必须将销售价格的四分之一至三分之一返还给生产者。A. customer顾客；B. salesperson销售员；C. producer生产者；D. transporter运输者。根据上文““Fair Trade” is a movement to ensure that producers in developing countries receive a minimum price for their goods which covers that cost of production and an extra amount to invest into the local community.”可知，“公平贸易”运动旨在帮助发展中国家的生产者，因此是将销售价格的四分之一至三分之一返还给生产者。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：公平贸易标签是20世纪80年代末在荷兰创建的，作为一种努力消除发展中国家贫困的方式。A. poverty贫困；B. diseases疾病；C. disasters灾难；D. conflict冲突。根据下文“It seems that it is the desire to ____10____ to the lives of the poor that is driving young people’s consumer choices.”可知，poverty“贫困”和poor呼应，表明公平贸易标签是一种努力消除发展中国家贫困的方式。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：公平贸易产品的销售在英国已经真正起飞，消费者在这些产品上的花费比其他任何国家都多。A. got away离开；B. taken off突然开始成功；C. broken up分手；D. come out出版。根据下文“in Britain where consumers spend more money on them than in any other country”可知，英国消费者在这些产品上的花费比其他任何国家都多，因此这种销售在英国已经成功了，即真正起飞。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，这是一种非常受年轻人欢迎的生活方式，这意味着公平交易运动的未来是美好的。A. demand需求；B. review评论；C. origin起源；D. future未来。根据上文“it is a philosophy that is proving extremely popular with the young”可知，这是一种非常受年轻人欢迎的生活方式，年轻人代表着未来，因此指公平交易运动的未来是美好的。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项研究调查了英国人对“公平贸易”的态度，发现英国的中学生和大学生对这个话题特别热衷。A. attitudes态度；B. tendencies趋势；C. advances进展；D. policies政策。根据下文“found that school and university students in the UK are particularly enthusiastic about the subject”可知，该研究发现英国的中学生和大学生对这个话题特别热衷，因此调查的是英国人对“公平贸易”的态度。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，十分之九的学生表示，他们希望看到他们的学校和大学在他们的商店和食堂提供公平贸易产品，如巧克力、咖啡、茶和香蕉。A. However然而；B. Indeed事实上；C. Besides此外；D. Otherwise否则。根据下文“nine out of ten students said they wanted to see their schools and universities offer Fair Trade products, such as chocolate, coffee, tea and bananas, in their shops and canteens”可知，此处是用调查的实际情况来支撑前一句的总结性的调查结果，Indeed“事实上”符合语境，引出下文的补充信息。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，十分之七的年轻人表示，即使价格稍高，他们也愿意购买公平贸易产品。A. required必需的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. willing愿意的；D. careful小心的。根据上文“school and university students in the UK are particularly enthusiastic about the subject”可知，英国的中学生和大学生对这个话题特别热衷，因此即使价格稍高，部分学生也愿意购买公平贸易产品。故选C。 48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管热情高涨，但事实证明，教育机构在满足学生愿望方面行动迟缓。A. enthusiasm热情；B. hesitation犹豫；C. feedback反馈；D. qualification资格。根据上文“school and university students in the UK are particularly enthusiastic about the subject”可知，英国的中学生和大学生对这个话题特别热衷，因此是指他们的热情高涨。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，调查显示只有8%学校和大学提供公平贸易产品。A. purchase购买；B. deny否认；C. consider考虑；D. offer提供。根据上文“nine out of ten students said they wanted to see their schools and universities offer Fair Trade products”可知，offer“提供”是同词复现，表明提供公平贸易产品的学校和大学占比很低。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：似乎是对穷人生活产生影响的愿望推动了年轻人的消费选择。A. make a difference产生影响；B. find an approach找到方法；C. make an application提出申请；D. find an excuse找到借口。根据下文“more than 90 percent of them said that they wanted to find out what else they could do to change their life style and benefit the poor”可知，大多数年轻人想做些什么改变穷人的生活方式，造福他们，因此是指对穷人生活产生影响的愿望。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约80%的人表示，他们购买公平贸易商品的主要原因是帮助穷人。A. result结果；B. reason原因；C. fact事实；D. idea想法。根据上文“It seems that it is the desire to ____10____ to the lives of the poor that is driving young people’s consumer choices.”可知，此处是承接前一句继续说明年轻人的这种消费选择背后的推动力，指他们购买公平贸易商品的主要原因。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为生产他们所吃的食物的人得到公平的工资是很重要的。A. informative信息丰富的；B. impossible不可能的；C. important重要的；D. inevitable不可避免的。根据上文“it is a philosophy that is proving extremely popular with the young”可知，购买公平贸易产品是一种非常受年轻人欢迎的生活方式，因此他们是觉得生产他们所吃的食物的人得到公平的工资是很重要的。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人感兴趣的不仅仅是公平贸易问题：超过90%的年轻人表示，他们想知道他们还能做些什么来改变他们的生活方式，造福穷人。A. disappoints使失望；B. excludes排除；C. astonishes使惊讶；D. interests使感兴趣。根据上文“that school and university students in the UK are particularly enthusiastic about the subject”可知，英国的中学生和大学生对这个话题特别热衷，因此指年轻人感兴趣的不仅仅是公平贸易问题。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公平贸易产品的价格通常高于非公平贸易产品，但如果能改善发展中国家工人的生活，许多人愿意忍受稍高的价格，因为发展中国家的许多工人都难以维持生活。A. sell出售；B. cost需付费；C. appeal吸引；D. help帮助。根据下文“a lot of people are prepared to put up with slightly higher prices”可知，公平贸易产品的价格稍高，因此是需付的费用更高。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公平贸易产品的价格通常高于非公平贸易产品，但如果能改善发展中国家工人的生活，许多人愿意忍受稍高的价格，因为发展中国家的许多工人都难以维持生活。A. improves改善；B. reveals揭示；C. saves节省；D. understands理解。根据上文“more than 90 percent of them said that they wanted to find out what else they could do to change their life style and benefit the poor”可知，大多数年轻人想做些什么改变穷人的生活方式，造福他们，因此是指能改善发展中国家工人的生活。故选A。 Section B (A) Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures. Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. “Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.” Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran. Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.” 56. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day? A. To remember the birth of jazz. B. To protect cultural diversity. C. To encourage people to study music. D. To recognize the value of jazz. 57. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Jazz becoming more accessible. B. The production of jazz growing faster. C. Jazz being less popular with the young. D. The jazz audience becoming larger. 58. What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz? A. It will disappear gradually. B. It remains black and white. C. It should keep up with the times. D. It changes every 50 years. 59. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Exploring the Future of Jazz. B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz. C. The Story of a Jazz Musician. D. Celebrating the Jazz Day. 【答案】56. D 57. C 58. C 59. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述UNESCO把4月30号定为国际爵士乐日，希望意识到爵士乐的价值，但实际收效甚微。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.可知，UNESCO把4月30号定为国际爵士乐日是为了让人们重视爵士乐，意识到它的重要性以及它作为连接各文化的纽带之声的潜在功能，也就是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的价值。故选D。 【57题详解】 代词指代题。根据前文Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations可知，尽管UNESCO为爵士乐设了纪念日，但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少，并且年龄在老化，爵士乐没能将年轻一代人连接起来。再结合It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that(是Jason Moran的工作是帮助改变那一情况)可推测，that指代的是前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选C。 【58题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same可知，Moran认为现在爵士乐不能 以1908或1958年的方式来呈现，因为世界已经不同了，所以爵士乐必须不断进步，说明随着时代的 发展，爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。 【59题详解】 标题选择题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视而设立爵士日， 但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则将失去对人们的吸引力，因此本文主要是探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。 (B) Virtual reality Probably the most exciting tech development of recent times, virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with sufficient options available to the consumer who’s searching for an extra amount of high-tech fun. The cheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy of Sony. Its PlayStation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone – it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library. There is some equipment you can purchase to enhance the experience, but if you’ve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400. Other high-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung’s Gear VR, will get your head in the game. Wireless headphones Combining ease of use with the ability to move wild around your home, gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plenty of practical options to suit any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They’ve even earned the Editor’s Choice award at Cnet.com and can be purchased for less than $400 online. Digital cameras While your phone is a worthy assistant, there’s no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days you can get quality specifications in a package that’s almost as small as your smartphone. The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting-edge technology. Domestically, it’s worth checking out Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 for a more affordable option. With a high-end 20-megapixel (兆像素) sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it’s available from just 2,199 yuan. 60. Sony can provide high-tech fun at the lowest cost because________. A. players can play free games online B. PS4 owners don’t need any other device C. it gives players adequate experience D. players have purchased expensive PCs 61. What is Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones’ selling point promoted in the passage? A. They have various types to meet users’ needs. B. Users can reduce noise manually. C. They work better in the wild. D. Users can make phone calls with the headphones. 62. If your friend, who favors everything in the styles of the past, plans to make perfect pictures with a new device, you will most probably recommend ________. A. A smart phone. B. Fujifilm X70. C. Olympus PEN-F. D. Yi M1. 【答案】60. B 61. D 62. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些新技术：VR技术，无线耳机和数码相机的优点。 【60题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Its PlayStation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone – it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library.(它的PlayStation VR不需要华丽的个人电脑或昂贵的手机——它与PlayStation 4控制板兼容，并在其库中提供了一些很棒的游戏)”，可知PS4自带游戏，用户不需要其他的设备。故选B项。 【61题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls.(不过，Bose的QuietComfort 35无线耳机绝对值得一试。这款全尺寸环绕耳蓝牙耳机突出了积极的降噪功能，同时还可以作为电话耳机使用)”可知，Bose的QuietComfort 35无线耳机可以用于打电话，这是它的卖点。故选D项。 【62题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. (售价699美元的Fujifilm X70闪亮的设计让它成为完美的伴侣，或者你也可以选择复古的奥林巴斯PEN-F（售价1200美元），它拥有老式的外观和尖端技术)”可知，Olympus PEN-F是复古风格，喜欢复古的朋友可以向他推荐Olympus PEN-F。故选C项。 (C) A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头) that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable. Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants’ success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too. But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a "God’s eye view" of activities in their own markets and beyond. This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out. The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms’ data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags. The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users’ consent. Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments don’t want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon. 63. Why is there a call to break up giants? A. They have controlled the data market. B. They collect enormous private data. C. They no longer provide free services. D. They dismissed some new-born giants. 64. What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate? A. Data giants’ technology is very expensive. B. Google’s idea is popular among data firms. C. Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position. D. Data can be turned into new services or products. 65. By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could 　　　. A. kill a new threat B. avoid the size trap C. favour bigger firms D. charge higher prices 66. What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data? A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure. B. Governments could relieve their financial pressure. C. Consumers could better protect their privacy. D. Small companies could get more opportunities. 【答案】63. A 64. C 65. B 66. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了数据信息垄断企业的发展导致的后果以及反垄断的措施、对反对数据垄断的未来展望。 【63题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age.和第二段第一句Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up.可知，人们呼吁打破垄断的原因是因为数据信息垄断机构控制了数据市场，注意B项中private data，文中并没有提到私人数据，是易错项。故选A项。 【64题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power.可知，数据可以转化为新的服务和商品，被卖给其他公司；互联网公司对数据的控制给了它们巨大的力量。据此可以判断，说明了数据增强了垄断公司的控制地位，故选C项。 【65题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第二、三句When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals.可知，反垄断组织在传统上用公司的大小来决定何时介入，而现在则要考虑公司的资产规模和数据规模来评估；据此可知，关注数据评估，旨在避免陷入传统的“以公司大小”评估的陷阱，故选B项。 【66题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of online services have over data and give more to those who supply them.和第六段内容可知，第二个原则是放松对在线服务提供商的控制，使其对提供数据的人有更多的控制权；据此可以判断，放松控制的目的是让小公司更有机会发展，故选D项。 Section C Globalization has significantly influenced food consumption in most parts of world, but one country whose food has a long history of being globalized is Italy. If you walk down any main street in any major world city, you will find at least one Italian restaurant. Furthermore, Italy has seen changes in its own eating habits due to influence from other countries. Food has always been very important for Italian families. Italians take a lot of pride in the making and preparation of food. Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. ___67___ Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. People no longer spend so much time preparing their meals. Indeed, frozen or takeaway Italian meals have become very popular in Italy. Furthermore, dried pasta is now mass-produced and sold relatively cheaply in the last five years, according to one manufacturer. ___68___ This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes. These changes have both advantages and disadvantages. On the plus side, globalization has increased the range of food available in Italy. Italians now have much more choice in terms of what they eat. They also do not need to spend so long preparing and making food, unless of course they want to. In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties. ___69___ ___70___ Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign fruits has greatly increased. While this extra choice is welcomed by some, others fear that the damage it may cause to Italian traditions. A. There is a difference between the food that people eat in the countryside and the food people eat in big cities. B. Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. C. In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. D. Possibly the global popularity of Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. E. Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. F. Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. 【答案】67. C 68. E 69. B 70. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在全球化背景下，意大利本国的饮食行业及意大利人的日常饮食受到了影响，发生了一些变化，这些变化有利有弊，有人认同，也有人充满担忧。 【67题详解】 前文“Until recently, pastas — a basic Italian food — would have been made by people in their local area. Families would also have made the sauces to eat with the pasta at home. (直到最近，意大利面——一种基本的意大利食物——都是由当地人制作的。人们也会在家里做酱汁和意大利面一起吃)”介绍直到最近意大利人仍会自己制作食物，下一段的开头“Nowadays, however, Italian eating habits appear to have changed. (然而，如今意大利人的饮食习惯似乎已经改变了)”说明现在意大利人的饮食习惯发生了改变，空处位于句尾，因此应该继续介绍意大利传统的饮食习惯。C项“In addition, people’s opportunity to experiment with foreign food was very limited, since only pizza and pasta were available in the local town square. (此外，人们尝试外国食物的机会非常有限，因为在当地的城镇广场上只有披萨和意大利面)”说明意大利人很少尝试外国食物，承接前文，符合语境。故选C。 【68题详解】 后文“This trend is more common in urban areas such as Rome, Milan and Venice, although many smaller towns are also experiencing similar changes. (这一趋势在罗马、米兰和威尼斯等城市地区更为普遍，尽管许多小城镇也在经历类似的变化)”具体说明一种趋势在意大利不同地区的情况，因此空处应该指出这一趋势。E项“Another important change in Italian eating habits is the increasing popularity of foreign cuisine, especially Indian, Chinese and Japanese foods. (意大利饮食习惯的另一个重要变化是外国菜越来越受欢迎，尤其是印度菜、中国菜和日本菜)”指出外国菜越来越受欢迎的趋势，承接前文的两个变化，引出后文的具体说明，后文的This trend指代选项所述内容，符合语境。故选E。 【69题详解】 前文“In contrast, it can be argued that large restaurant chains are becoming increasingly powerful, resulting in the destruction of local and national specialties. (相反，可以认为大型连锁餐厅正变得越来越强大，导致地方和国家特色菜受破坏)”介绍全球化对意大利饮食特色的破坏，空处位于句尾，因此应该进一步说明这种弊端。B项“Consequently, many Italians worry that they are losing their sense of nationality, as foreign food becomes more common. (因此，许多意大利人担心，随着外国食品变得越来越普遍，他们正在失去民族意识)”指出人们对失去民族意识的担心，承接前文，符合语境。故选B。 【70题详解】 根据后文“Convenience foods have replaced many of the traditional home-cooked meals, and the availability of foreign fruits has greatly increased. (方便食品已经取代了许多传统的家常菜，外国水果的供应也大大增加了)”可知，本段主要介绍全球化的影响下，意大利的饮食还发生了很多变化，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，因此应该会指出这种影响。F项“Globalization has had a significant influence on the way that Italians eat. (全球化对意大利人的饮食方式产生了重大影响)”点明了影响，契合后文内容，符合语境。故选F。 4.Translation 71. 他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。(possible) （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】He had few possessions, which made it possible for him to move around with ease. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。“有”使用动词have，“几乎没有”使用形容词few，“财产”使用名词possession，用作可数名词，前面有few修饰，此处应用复数形式，“这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波”译为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导，“使……能够……”使用“make+it+possible+for sb+to do sth”，it是形式宾语，possible作宾补，to do是真正的宾语，“在各地奔波”使用动词短语move around，“轻松自如地”使用介词短语with ease，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故翻译为：He had few possessions, which made it possible for him to move around with ease. 72. 当你被无情嘲笑时，要学会抑制打架的冲动并且反驳批评。(defend) （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】When you are teased mercilessly, learn to resist the urge to fight and defend yourself against criticism. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、语态、动词短语及连词。陈述一般事实，用一般现在时；“当你被无情嘲笑时”表达为时间状语从句，用连接词when引导，主语为you，与动词tease“戏谑”之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态are teased，修饰动词用副词mercilessly，表示“无情地”；“学会抑制打架的冲动并且反驳批评”为并列的谓语，“学会做某事”表达为learn to do sth ，“抑制”表达为动词resist，后接名词短语the urge to fight；“反驳批评”表达为动词短语defend against criticism，“你自己”应用反身代词yourself。故翻译为：When you are teased mercilessly, learn to resist the urge to fight and defend yourself against criticism. 73. 在Mark Twain的传记里，一个好的记者就算没有轰动性的新闻也要迎难而上。(rise) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】In Mark Twain’s autobiography, a good journalist should rise to the challenge even if there is no sensational news. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和状语从句。表示“在Mark Twain的传记里”翻译为in Mark Twain’s autobiography；主语“一个好的记者”为a good journalist；表示“迎难而上”短语为rise to the challenge，且should后跟动词原形；表示“就算”用even if引导让步状语从句，表示“没有轰动性的新闻”用there be句型，翻译为there is no sensational news。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为In Mark Twain’s autobiography, a good journalist should rise to the challenge even if there is no sensational news. 74. 面对种族歧视，人们不仅不羞愧而且还毫不退缩。正是这反抗的简单举动播下了挑战不公平和区别对待种子。(It) （汉译英） ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Faced with racial discrimination, people neither felt humiliated nor backed down. It was the simple act of opposition that had sown the seeds of fighting against injustice and different treatment. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。“面对”用固定短语be faced with表示，此处作状语，用过去分词形式；“种族歧视”翻译为racial discrimination；“人们”翻译为people；“不仅不……而且不”用neither...nor...表示；“感到”用动词feel；“羞愧”用形容词humiliated；“退缩”用动词短语back down；描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；“面对种族歧视，人们不仅不羞愧而且还毫不退缩。”翻译为Faced with racial discrimination, people neither felt humiliated nor backed down。“这反抗的简单举动”翻译为the simple act of opposition；“播下了……的种子”翻译为sow the seeds of；“挑战”用动词短语fight against；“不公平和区别对待”翻译为injustice and different treatment；“正是……”用强调句型强调主语the simple act of opposition表示；句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；“正是这反抗的简单举动播下了挑战不公平和区别对待种子。”翻译为It was the simple act of opposition that had sown the seeds of fighting against injustice and different treatment. 故整句翻译为Faced with racial discrimination, people neither felt humiliated nor backed down. It was the simple act of opposition that had sown the seeds of fighting against injustice and different treatment. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$One listening comprehension section a short conversations directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One isn't IT great about the roofs community service award. SHE deserved that question. What can be learned by roof. Two, i've got two tickets to day's game. Do you want to come along? It'll beyond television. Besides, it's really too cold for me. Question, what will the man most probably do? Three, come on. So I know you have a new camera, but you just took a picture of a car. No, no, look behind the car. And what does the woman mean? For excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the post office? Your guesses as good as mine. I'm new around here. Question, what does the woman mean? Five, we haven't had any hot water for three days, and I hate cold showers . sound miserable since the gyms usually open. Why don't you just go over there to fix the problem? Question, what does the woman suggest, man. do? Six, I wish I didn't have to make a special trip to the post office to get my package. Well, if you call them in the morning, they'll give the package to your male career to bring out to you. Question, what does the woman suggest, man, do? Seven, i'm new in town and I need to find a doctor. Do you know anything about joyce Brown? I've been going to her for years. I don't see how you could do . Better question, what does the man say about joyce Brown? A, hey, that's great. sweet. You're wearing IT looks really warm. Yeah, but I wish I brought a coat like you did. It's really cold today. Question, what does the woman imply? Nine, professor, have you graded my term paper yet? To tell you the truth, i've been tied up in committee meetings . all week question what can be learned about the woman's paper. Ten, i'm going to chicago on business, and somebody said you were the right person to talk to about what I can do there for fun. You bet I am, but I hope you've got at . least a month. question. What does the man imply? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you'll be asked three questions on each of the passengers and the conversation. The passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. I'm not Normally a huge fan of stand up comedy, but I had seen James risk before on T. V. So when my friend bought t me a ticket to his show from my birthday, I was actually quite looking forward to the show. Thousands of people had turned up to see him perform, and the general mood of the crowd was relaxed and friendly. IT seemed everyone was in a good mood. And looking forward to a few laughs, the show started on time, and from the outside race was on top form. He opened with having recently had a baby, and then followed up with a few jokes about recent events in the news. The crowd loved IT, applying the carefully constructed jokes and cheering some of the funniest. The highlight of the evening was when he did a dance routine imitating a performer who had recently given a performance on national TV. IT was so funny that I was in tears. The one thing I didn't like about the show though was that there were a few jokes i've heard him used before on T. V, which was a bit of a shame, as I expected the material to be new over, although I definitely recommend going to see him if you have the chance, even if you're not a great fan of stand up comedy, you'll love the show. Now, listen again. I'm not Normally a huge fan of stand up comedy, but I have seen James risk before on T. V, so when my friend bought me a ticket to his show from my birthday, I was actually quite looking forward to the show. Thousands of people had turned up to see him perform, and the general mood of the crowd was relaxed and friendly. IT seemed everyone was in a good mood and looking forward to a few laughs. The show started on time and from the outside, risk was on top form. He opened with having recently had a baby, and then followed up with a few jokes about recent events in the news. The crowd loved IT, applying the carefully constructed jokes and cheering some of the funniest. The highlight of the evening was when he did a dance routine imitating a performer who had recently given a performance on national TV. IT was so funny that I was in tears. The one thing I didn't like about the show, though, was that there were a few jokes i've heard him used before on T. V, which was a bit of a shame, as i'd expected the material to be new over, although I definitely recommend going to see him if you have the chance, even if you're not a great fan of stand up comedy, you'll love the show. Questions . eleven, how did the speaker feel when he received the ticket to James this show? Twelve, which part of James with the show did they speak like most? Thirteen, what did the speaker dislike about James racist show? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following talk. A new study used eye tracking methods to study apps while they were watching videos of an actor in a monkey suit. IT indicated that great apes can predict another er's behaviour even when they know IT is misguided, which could indicate the ability to recognize and others of false belief. Such ability is a stage in the development of a theory of mind, a stage previously thought to be unique to humans. The videos adapted a technique that has been used to study false belief in infants, and that tests whether study subjects expect where someone will look from object or individual. The videos showed scenes like as the actor in a monkey suit attacking a researcher, then hiding in one of two houses, then leaving after the researcher leaps the scene, when the researcher returns with a big stick to look for the way with monkey eye tracking shows that the apes who watched the video would spend time looking at the house where IT has been hiding, predicting where the researcher would mistakenly look for IT. This study gave rise to a debate among scientists about false belief and what conclusions were appropriate to draw from the study. Nevertheless, all seem to agree that IT demonstrates the promise of eyes tracking methods and animal behaviour research, and the potential of a mental continuity between humans and their close relatives. Now listen again. A new study used eye e tracking methods to study apes while they were watching videos of an actor in a monkey suit. IT indicated that great apes can predict AS behavior even when they know IT is misguided, which could indicate the ability to recognize and others of false belief. Such an ability is a stage in the development of a theory of mind, a stage previously thought to be unique to humans. The videos adapted a technique that has been used to study false belief in infants and that tests whether study subjects expect where someone will look from object or individual. The videos showed scenes like as the actor in a monkey suit attacking a researcher, then hiding in one of two houses, then leaving after the researcher leaves the scene, when the researcher returns with a big stick to look for the way wood monkey eye tracking shows that the apes who watched the video would spend time looking at the house where IT has been hiding, predicting where the researcher would mistakenly look for IT. This study gave rise to a debate among scientists about false belief and what conclusions were appropriate to draw from the study. Nevertheless, all seem to agree that IT demonstrates the promise of eye tracking methods and animal behaviour research and the potential of mental continuity between humans and their close relatives. Questions . fourteen, what did the news study indicate? Fifteen, what did the apps do after the attack? Researcher appeared again with a stick. Sixteen, which conclusion drawn from the study do all the scientists degree with? Question seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Electricity has become such unaccepted part of modern life that we would be lost without IT. Countless conveniences which we take for granted, such as cookers, refrigerators, T, VS and lighting, could not Operate without the source of electric power. The situation about a modern aircraft is not different. Peter, pledge from Frank for the airports here to tell us about electricity in airplanes. Peter, hello. hello. And thank you for inviting me onto your program. How is an aircraft provided with electrical power? Peter. well, of course, IT has to produce its own. I see how much power is usually produced. Oh yes, on a boeing seven, four, seven, three hundred and twenty five kilowatts of electricity is produced. Did you know that if all the electrical devices installed in an aircraft were swished down at once, then two hundred and twenty four kilowatts of election c power would be required that the amount consumed by fifteen private homes. that is a lot. So how does the aircraft use the electricity? Well, most is consumed in the kitchens. Then a further twenty percent is used by electronic water and technical systems on board, thirteen percent is used for the air conditioning, five percent for the lighting, three percent for the inflight entertainment system. The remainder is consumed by the the icing system for the windows and the water pipes in the kitchen and toilets. What about the reliability of the supply? Of course, the power supply on aircraft must not fail. but surely the jet engines don't always run at the same speed exactly. There's a device to ensure that the electricity is applied at a former rate. There is also a backup emergency device delivering five kilowatts of power, which is enough to Operate vital systems. Peter pleasure, that was fascinating. Now we know. Thank you very much. Thank you. Now listen again. Electricity has become such unaccepted part of modern life that we would be lost without IT countless conveniences, which we take for granted, such as cookers, refrigerators, tvs and lighting, could not Operate without a source of electric power. The situation about a modern aircraft is not different. Peter pleasure from Frank for airports here to tell us about electricity in era planes. Peter? Hello. hello. And thank you for inviting me onto your program. How is an aircraft provided with electrical power, Peter? Well, of course, IT has to produce its own. I see how much power is usually produced. Oh yes. On a boeing seven, four, seven, three hundred and twenty five kilowatts of electricity is produced. Did you know that if all the electrical devices installed in an aircraft were swished down at once, then two hundred and twenty four kilowatts of electric power would be required that the amount consumed by fifteen private homes. that is a lot. So how does the aircraft use the electricity? Well, most is consumed in the kitchens. Then a further twenty percent is used by electronic water and technical systems on board. Thirteen percent is used for the air conditioning, five percent for the lighting, three percent for the inflight entertainment system. The remainder is consumed by the the icing system for the windows and the water pipes in the kitchens and toilets. What about the reliability of the supply? Of course, the power supply on an aircraft must not fail. but surely the jet engines don't always run at the same speed exactly. There is a device to ensure that the electricity is supplied at a former rate. There is also a backup emergency device delivering five kilowatts of power, which is enough to Operate vital systems. Peter, Peter, that was fascinating. Now we know. Thank you very much. Thank you. Questions seventeen, what are the two speakers talking about? Eighteen, according to the man, what percent of electricity is consumed for the air conditioning? Nineteen, according to the man, what can be learned about on board electricity? Twenty, what can a backup emergency device do? That's the end of listening comprehension.