Unit 5 Memories【速记清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记•巧练(北师大版)

Unit 5 Memories 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 1.influence n. 影响；作用 【典型例句】 He's never had any influence over her. 他对她从没有过任何影响。 Those friends are a bad influence on her. 那些朋友对她有负面的影响。 【知识拓展】 under the influence of在…的影响之下 have an influence on对...有影响 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Parents can __________________their angry son. 家长有能力对其愤怒的儿子施加影响。 The media __________________ public opinion. 传媒对于舆论有很大的影响。 2.pity n. 遗憾；同情；怜悯 【典型例句】 I don't want your pity. 我用不着你可怜。 He was dead to all feelings of pity. 他毫无同情心。 It's a pity that you can't stay longer. 你不能再多停留些时间，真是遗憾。 【知识拓展】 out of pity出于同情；出于怜悯 have pity on怜悯，同情 take pity on怜悯，同情 What a pity!多可惜啊! 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 I __________________ her and lent her the money. 我同情她，就把钱借给了她。 I beg you to __________________ him. 请你可怜可怜他吧。 3.mention v. 提到；说明 【典型例句】 Sorry, I won't mention it again. 对不起，我再也不提它了。 I would prefer that you did not mention my name. 我希望你不要说出我的名字。 【知识拓展】 not to mention更不必说；不必提及 make mention of提到，提及 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 She __________________ her mother's absence. 她没有提到她母亲的缺席。 He __________________the quarrel with his wife. 他没有提起和妻子的争吵。 4.count v. 计数；数数 【典型例句】 Billy can't count yet. 比利还不会数数。 She began to count up how many guests they had to invite. 她开始计算他们得邀请多少位客人。 He was trying, for some unknown reason , to count the stars. 不知何故，他试图数星星。 【知识拓展】 count on指望；依靠 count in把…计算在内 count down倒读数，倒计时 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 We __________________ this warm weather lasting. 我们不能指望这暖和的天气会持久。 Don't__________________the days. Make the days__________________. 别只是掰着指头数日子，要让每一天都过得有意义。 5. marry v. 结婚 【典型例句】 Many people choose not to marry. 许多人情愿不结婚。 【知识拓展】 marriage n.结婚 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 He was free __________________ whomever he chose. 他看上了谁就可以和谁结婚。 6. fill v. 充满；填满 【典型例句】 Your eye begins to fill with tears. 你的眼睛开始充满泪水。 No one has been able to fill his shoes. 没有人能接替他的工作。 【知识拓展】 fill in填写；填充；替代 fill with装满......，充满....... 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Do not __________________the container more than two-thirds full. 加入的量不要超过容器总容量的2/3。 7.mainly adv. 大部分；主要地 【典型例句】 They eat mainly fruit and nuts. 他们主要吃水果和坚果。 Small birds live mainly on insects. 小鸟主要靠食昆虫为生。 The people cultivate mainly rice and beans. 这里的人们主要种植稻子和豆类。 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 The satellite will be used __________________to relay television programmes. 这颗卫星将主要用来转播电视节目。 8. pain n. 疼痛 【典型例句】 Mom's face was full of pain. 妈妈的脸上充满了痛苦。 I never meant to cause her pain. 我从没有让她痛苦之意。 【知识拓展】 in pain痛苦 back pain背痛 pain in the neck极讨厌的人或事 spare no pains不遗余力，全力以赴 painful adj.痛苦的；疼痛的 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 The __________________ is unspeakable. 这种痛苦是无法形容的。 He felt a sharp __________________ in his knee. 他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。 9.But she mentioned that she didn’t have a chance to tell her.  但是她提到她没有机会告诉她。 【知识拓展】 间接引语（陈述句）是指用自己的话转述原来说话人的陈述内容，而不直接引用原话。在转述时，通常需要注意人称、时态以及时间、地点状语等的变化。直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语通常由 ‌that‌ 引导宾语从句（口语中可省略）。 例：She said, “We love music.” → She said (that) they loved music. ‌ ▲人称调整规则 ‌第一人称‌（I/we）→ 根据主语调整。 例：“I need help,” Tom said. → Tom said (that) ‌he‌ needed help. ‌ ‌第二人称‌（you）→ 根据语境调整为 ‌I/he/she/they‌。 例：“You should try this,” she told me. → She told me (that) ‌I‌ should try that. ‌ ‌第三人称‌（he/she/it/they）通常不变。 例：“She is late,” he said. → He said (that) ‌she‌ was late. ▲时态变化规则（主句动词为过去时） 直接引语时态 间接引语时态 例 句（转换后） 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 “I like apples.” → He said he ‌liked‌ apples. ‌23 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 “I am reading.” → She said she ‌was reading‌. ‌2 一般将来时（will） → 过去将来时（would） “I will go.” → He said he ‌would go‌. ‌12 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 “I have finished.” → She said she ‌had finished‌. ‌ ▲其他调整要素 (1)‌指示代词‌：‌this → that‌；‌these → those‌ 例：“This book is mine,” she said. → She said ‌that‌ book was hers. ‌4 (2)‌时间/地点状语‌：‌now → then‌；‌today → that day‌；‌here → there‌ 例：“I’m busy ‌now‌,” he said. → He said he was busy ‌then‌. ‌24 (3)‌动词变化‌：‌come → go‌（根据语境调整） 例：“I will come tomorrow,” she said. → She said she ‌would go‌ the next day. ‌‌ 【拓展练习】 单项选择 1．He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty. A．said his mother that the boy was B．said to his mother that the boy is C．told his mother that the boy was D．spoke to his mother that the boy was 2．“Helen, I will come this morning,” John said. →John ________. A．told Helen he will come this morning B．said to Helen I would go that morning C．said Helen he would come that morning D．told Helen he would go that morning 3．The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?” The teacher asked her ________ the sun ________ in the east. A．if; rise B．if; rises C．whether; rose D．whether did; rise 4．The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that ________ take it back ________. A． I shall; tomorrow B．I shall; the next day C．he should; tomorrow D．he would; the next day 5．Mr. Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr. Black said that ________ a long way ________. A．I had walked; last week B．he had walked; that week C．I walked; last week D．he has walked; this week 6．We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.” We told her that ________ through the street ________. A．we were walking; then B．you are walking; now C．they were walking; then D．they walking; now 7．Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that ________ worried ________. A．he looks; today B．you look; today C．we looked; that day D．I looked; that day 8．I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher． A．never doubt B．always doubt C．seldom ask D．often wonder 9．— What did he say? I couldn’t hear him.    — _____________. A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun. C．He said the earth went round the sun. D．He says the earth went round the sun. 10．My brother said, “I’m watching TV now.” My brother said __________________ watching TV __________________. A．he was; now B．I was; then C．I am; that day D．he was; then 10.I remember we used to listen to the radio in the evenings but then, in 1959, we got a TV!  我记得我们过去常常在晚上听收音机，但后来，在1959年，我们有了电视！  It didn’t use to rain a lot here.  这里以前不常下雨。  I’m already used to the cold weather here.  我已经习惯了这里的寒冷天气。  【知识拓展】 ‌1. used to 表示“过去经常做某事（现在不再做）”，‌描述过去反复发生的习惯或存在的状态，强调与现在的对比。‌ ‌肯定句‌: 主语 + used to + 动词原形 例句: I used to play football every day. （我过去每天都踢足球。）‌ ‌否定句‌: 主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 / 主语 + used not to + 动词原形 例句: He didn’t use to like coffee. （他过去不喜欢咖啡。）‌ ‌疑问句‌: Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形…? / Used + 主语 + to + 动词原形…? 例句: Did she use to be a teacher? （她过去是老师吗？）‌ ‌2. be used to do表示“被用于做某事”，描述某物或某人的用途，相当于“被用来做某事”。‌ ‌结构‌: be used to + 动词原形（被动语态） 例句: Wood is used to make furniture. （木头被用来制作家具。）‌ ‌同义表达‌: be used for + 名词/动名词 例句: The knife is used for cutting things. （刀子用来切东西。）‌ ‌3. be used to doing表示“习惯于做某事”，描述对某事的适应或习惯，可应用于所有时态。‌ ‌结构‌: be/get used to + 名词/动名词 例句:My grandparents are used to getting up early. （我的爷爷奶奶习惯早起。）‌ He is getting used to the new environment. （他正在适应新环境。）‌ ‌注意‌: “to”在此结构中为介词，后接名词或动名词。 【拓展练习】 单项选择 1．Sam has changed a lot. For example, he works ________ than he used to. A．careful B．more careful C．carefully D．more carefully 2．The girl has ________ the smell coming from her pet dog. A．been used for B．been used to C．used for D．used to 3．I used to be shy, but now I am ______ getting active and popular. A．hardly B．correctly C．widely D．gradually 4．When I finish my middle school, I hope I can ________ the life in my new high school soon. A．be used for B．used to C．get used to D．used for 5．The machines that we use to read it are smaller and lighter than a ________ book. A．simple B．single C．thick D．powerful 6．His father ________ cola, but now he ________ milk. A．used to drink; is used to drinking B．used to drinking; drinks C．is used to drinking; used to drink D．was used to drink; is drinking 7．Diana used to ________ to work, but now she is used to ________ because the road is crowded. A．drive; walking B．drive; walk C．driving; walk D．driving; walking 8．Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 9．—The surgeon is used to keeping his personal items ________. —So it is. He is quite an organized doctor. A．in shape B．out of shape C．in order D．out of order 10．My grandpa used to ________ newspapers to learn about the outside world, but now he is used to ________ the news online. A．reading; get B．read; get C．reading; getting D．read; getting 03 素养提升 第一部分 重点短语 1.__________________ 撞上；偶然相遇 2.__________________ 照顾 3.__________________ 空调 4.r__________________ 唱机 5.__________________中央供暖 6.__________________过去常常 7.__________________习惯于  8.__________________顺道拜访 9.__________________首相；总理  10.__________________成千上万的 11.__________________产生巨大影响，发挥巨大作用  12.__________________对某人有很大影响  13.__________________鼓励某人做某事  14.__________________充满  15.__________________有机会做某事  16.__________________散步  17.__________________非常痛苦  18.__________________和某人聊天  19.__________________在某人身边  20.__________________ 鼓舞某人；使某人振作起来  21.__________________与某人握手  22.__________________走过  23.__________________处理  24.__________________不再……  25.__________________摔倒  第二部分 拓展练习 一、单词拼写 1．No one knows if the famous scientist (attend) the meeting next Friday. 2． (record) what you eat every day, and you will know why you are getting fatter. 3．My brother likes stamps, he has a (collect) of stamps. 4．My parents got (marry) twenty years ago. 5． (luck), you reminded me, otherwise I would have missed the train. 6．She uses her car (most) for driving to work. 7．The writer spent most of his (child) in the countryside. 8．People used to (write) letters to their friends. 9．Let’s (count) down together, ten, nine, eight, seven… 10．Diana used to (drive) to work, but now she is used to (walk) because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. 11．The time we spent together is now a distant (memorize). 12．True friends can share (happy) and sadness with each other. 13．Helen (choose) her favorite book just now. 14．Don’t forget to turn on that rice . (cook) 15．My ankle is still too to walk on. (pain) 16．Tom always makes his class (live) and interesting. 17．The fridge is empty now. Jack (fill) it with all kinds of food tomorrow, isn’t he? 18．This passage (main) tells us how to use the computer. 19．He used (sleep) late on weekends, but now he gets up early. 20．Children are usually (frighten) of darkness than adults. 21．I don’t swim so often as I (use) to. 22．I used (spend) a lot of time playing games with my friends. 23．He (use) to go to school late but now he is used (go) to school early. 24．When I was a teenager, I used to (fight) over almost everything with my family. 25．Whatever you can do can make a (different). 26．This is the (centre) area of the city. 27．There are (thousand) of people in the meeting room. 28．Mr. Liu used to (fish) in the river in his spare time. 29．A human cell is ten times (tiny) than the width of your hair. 30．—Have you ever been to (German)? —Yes, I’ve been there many times. And I can speak (German) very well. 二、完成句子 31．在这座城市里，数以千计的人们由于战争无家可归。 people in this city are homeless because of the war. 32．一个城市的中心区域总是热闹非凡。 The of a city is always lively. 33．我的朋友杰克过去常常吃很多垃圾食品。(完成译句) My friend Jack have a lot of junk food. 34．我生病的时候 Howard 经常照顾我。 Howard often of me when I was sick. 35．它们被看作幸福和美好祝愿的光明象征。 They are seen as bright and good wishes. 36．这个问题已被提及多次。 This problem many times. 37．你把宠物狗照顾得这么好，真是个细心的人。 It is you care of pet dog. 38．他很粗心，可能留意不到这样一个细微的变化。 He is so careless that he may such a change. 39．我答应有空的时候一定到他家拜访。 I promised him that I would when I was free. 40．因为下雨他没能散步。 He can’t take a walk the rain. 41．他们有上重点中学的机会。 They go to a key high school. 42．我们可以去离中国很远的国家游览。 We can visit countries China. 43．我们应该细心照顾我们的宠物。 Our pets should by us carefully. 44．他过去常吃面条，但是现在习惯吃水饺了。 He used noodles, but now he is used to eating dumplings. 45．她过去很矮，不是吗？ She used to be short, ? 46．我们的家乡在我们的心底留下了温暖而甜蜜的回忆。 Our hometown has many and in our hearts. 47．他过去常待在家里，现在习惯于锻炼了。 He stay at home. Now he sports. 48．他们以前过着舒适的生活。 They used to a . 49．他坐起来摸了摸我的头。 He and my head. 50．我们需要几台新机器？ new do we ? 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的的正确形式填空。 Is there such a thing as an ugly dog? There are all kinds of “the ugliest dog” competitions. And one such dog, Peggy, the 51 (win) of the 2023 Britain’s Ugliest Dog competition, is doing well for 52 (her). She got quite popular after the competition. If you’ve seen the movie Deadpool 3 already, you find her playing the 53 of dog pool. Peggy is really loved by many people now, but the dog didn’t have the easiest start in life. She was the 54 (small) and the weakest of the litter. Nobody wanted 55 (keep) her at first. After 56 few months, dog father Mike came to visit her and took her home. Mike said he just felt like no one would like Peggy 57 she was six years months old then. But he hopes to ask more people to care 58 those little dogs. Mike let Peggy join in the competition after friends 59 (advise) him. 60 , the judges (裁判) loved Peggy, saying her both ugly and cute. Now Peggy has her own Instagram account with photos of her as dog pool and she has over 800,000 follows already. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Memories 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 1.influence n. 影响；作用 【典型例句】 He's never had any influence over her. 他对她从没有过任何影响。 Those friends are a bad influence on her. 那些朋友对她有负面的影响。 【知识拓展】 under the influence of在…的影响之下 have an influence on对...有影响 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Parents can have an influence on their angry son. 家长有能力对其愤怒的儿子施加影响。 The media has a powerful influence on public opinion. 传媒对于舆论有很大的影响。 2.pity n. 遗憾；同情；怜悯 【典型例句】 I don't want your pity. 我用不着你可怜。 He was dead to all feelings of pity. 他毫无同情心。 It's a pity that you can't stay longer. 你不能再多停留些时间，真是遗憾。 【知识拓展】 out of pity出于同情；出于怜悯 have pity on怜悯，同情 take pity on怜悯，同情 What a pity!多可惜啊! 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 I took pity on her and lent her the money. 我同情她，就把钱借给了她。 I beg you to have pity on him. 请你可怜可怜他吧。 3.mention v. 提到；说明 【典型例句】 Sorry, I won't mention it again. 对不起，我再也不提它了。 I would prefer that you did not mention my name. 我希望你不要说出我的名字。 【知识拓展】 not to mention更不必说；不必提及 make mention of提到，提及 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 She did not mention her mother's absence. 她没有提到她母亲的缺席。 He did not mention the quarrel with his wife. 他没有提起和妻子的争吵。 4.count v. 计数；数数 【典型例句】 Billy can't count yet. 比利还不会数数。 She began to count up how many guests they had to invite. 她开始计算他们得邀请多少位客人。 He was trying, for some unknown reason , to count the stars. 不知何故，他试图数星星。 【知识拓展】 count on指望；依靠 count in把…计算在内 count down倒读数，倒计时 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 We can't count on this warm weather lasting. 我们不能指望这暖和的天气会持久。 Don't count the days. Make the days count. 别只是掰着指头数日子，要让每一天都过得有意义。 5. marry v. 结婚 【典型例句】 Many people choose not to marry. 许多人情愿不结婚。 【知识拓展】 marriage n.结婚 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 He was free to marry whomever he chose. 他看上了谁就可以和谁结婚。 6. fill v. 充满；填满 【典型例句】 Your eye begins to fill with tears. 你的眼睛开始充满泪水。 No one has been able to fill his shoes. 没有人能接替他的工作。 【知识拓展】 fill in填写；填充；替代 fill with装满......，充满....... 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Do not fill the container more than two-thirds full. 加入的量不要超过容器总容量的2/3。 7.mainly adv. 大部分；主要地 【典型例句】 They eat mainly fruit and nuts. 他们主要吃水果和坚果。 Small birds live mainly on insects. 小鸟主要靠食昆虫为生。 The people cultivate mainly rice and beans. 这里的人们主要种植稻子和豆类。 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 The satellite will be used mainly to relay television programmes. 这颗卫星将主要用来转播电视节目。 8. pain n. 疼痛 【典型例句】 Mom's face was full of pain. 妈妈的脸上充满了痛苦。 I never meant to cause her pain. 我从没有让她痛苦之意。 【知识拓展】 in pain痛苦 back pain背痛 pain in the neck极讨厌的人或事 spare no pains不遗余力，全力以赴 painful adj.痛苦的；疼痛的 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 The pain is unspeakable. 这种痛苦是无法形容的。 He felt a sharp pain in his knee. 他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。 9.But she mentioned that she didn’t have a chance to tell her.  但是她提到她没有机会告诉她。 【知识拓展】 间接引语（陈述句）是指用自己的话转述原来说话人的陈述内容，而不直接引用原话。在转述时，通常需要注意人称、时态以及时间、地点状语等的变化。直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语通常由 ‌that‌ 引导宾语从句（口语中可省略）。 例：She said, “We love music.” → She said (that) they loved music. ‌ ▲人称调整规则 ‌第一人称‌（I/we）→ 根据主语调整。 例：“I need help,” Tom said. → Tom said (that) ‌he‌ needed help. ‌ ‌第二人称‌（you）→ 根据语境调整为 ‌I/he/she/they‌。 例：“You should try this,” she told me. → She told me (that) ‌I‌ should try that. ‌ ‌第三人称‌（he/she/it/they）通常不变。 例：“She is late,” he said. → He said (that) ‌she‌ was late. ▲时态变化规则（主句动词为过去时） 直接引语时态 间接引语时态 例 句（转换后） 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 “I like apples.” → He said he ‌liked‌ apples. ‌23 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 “I am reading.” → She said she ‌was reading‌. ‌2 一般将来时（will） → 过去将来时（would） “I will go.” → He said he ‌would go‌. ‌12 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 “I have finished.” → She said she ‌had finished‌. ‌ ▲其他调整要素 (1)‌指示代词‌：‌this → that‌；‌these → those‌ 例：“This book is mine,” she said. → She said ‌that‌ book was hers. ‌4 (2)‌时间/地点状语‌：‌now → then‌；‌today → that day‌；‌here → there‌ 例：“I’m busy ‌now‌,” he said. → He said he was busy ‌then‌. ‌24 (3)‌动词变化‌：‌come → go‌（根据语境调整） 例：“I will come tomorrow,” she said. → She said she ‌would go‌ the next day. ‌‌ 【拓展练习】 单项选择 1．He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty. A．said his mother that the boy was B．said to his mother that the boy is C．told his mother that the boy was D．spoke to his mother that the boy was 2．“Helen, I will come this morning,” John said. →John ________. A．told Helen he will come this morning B．said to Helen I would go that morning C．said Helen he would come that morning D．told Helen he would go that morning 3．The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?” The teacher asked her ________ the sun ________ in the east. A．if; rise B．if; rises C．whether; rose D．whether did; rise 4．The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that ________ take it back ________. A． I shall; tomorrow B．I shall; the next day C．he should; tomorrow D．he would; the next day 5．Mr. Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr. Black said that ________ a long way ________. A．I had walked; last week B．he had walked; that week C．I walked; last week D．he has walked; this week 6．We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.” We told her that ________ through the street ________. A．we were walking; then B．you are walking; now C．they were walking; then D．they walking; now 7．Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that ________ worried ________. A．he looks; today B．you look; today C．we looked; that day D．I looked; that day 8．I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher． A．never doubt B．always doubt C．seldom ask D．often wonder 9．— What did he say? I couldn’t hear him.    — _____________. A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun. C．He said the earth went round the sun. D．He says the earth went round the sun. 10．My brother said, “I’m watching TV now.” My brother said watching TV . A．he was; now B．I was; then C．I am; that day D．he was; then 参考答案: 1．C 【解析】句意：他说：“妈妈，这个男孩很顽皮。”→他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮。 考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。此处可改为“他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮”，可用tell sb.，排除ABD。故选C。 2．D 【解析】句意：“海伦，我今天早上会来的，”约翰说。→约翰告诉海伦他那天早上会去。 考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。直接引语为陈述句，间接引语用that引导，在口语中that常省略。由直接引语中的said可知，间接引语要用过去的某种时态。主语I变为he指代“John”，动词come在间接引语中应变为go，指示代词this要变为that。故选D。 3．B 【解析】句意：老师问她：“太阳是从东方升起吗？”老师问她太阳是否从东方升起。 考查直接引语变间接引语。由常识可知，题干中的直接引语是客观事实，用一般现在时，变成间接引语后，时态应不变，选项C和D是一般过去时，故排除；间接引语中主语the sun“太阳”是第三人称单数，谓语rise需加s变为rises，故选B。 4．D 【解析】那人想，“明天我将把它带回家。” 那人想着第二天他将把它带回家。 考查直接引语变间接引语。该题要把直接引语变为间接引语，直接引语中的“I”指的是那个人，变为间接引语后改为he；直接引语中的tomorrow变为间接引语后改为the next day；主句是过去时态，所以直接引语中的将来时态变为间接引语后要改为过去将来时，故选D。 5．B 【解析】句意：布莱克先生说，“这个星期我走了很长的路。” 考查直接引语和间接引语。宾语从句的时态原则：主过从必过，主句“Mr. Black said”用了一般过去时，对应的宾语从句也要用相应的过去时态；原直接引语“I have walked a long way this week.”是现在完成时，此处变间接引语时要用过去完成时；此外，原直接引语的主语I要变为he；时间状语this week变为that week。故选B。 6．C 【解析】句意：我们对她说，“他们现在正在穿过街道。” 考查直接引语和间接引语。直接引语变间接引语，时间状语需要由“现在”变为“当时”，具体到本句中是将“now”变为“then”，故排除B、D项；原直接引语“They’re walking through the street now.”是陈述句，间接引语改为that引导的宾语从句时，宾语从句中的主语与直接引语中的人称保持一则，即间接引语中也用they。故选C。 7．D 【解析】句意：杰克对我说：“你今天看起来很担忧”。杰克告诉我我那天看起来担忧。 考查直接引语变间接引语。直接引语变间接引语人称由第二人称变成第一人称，此句直接引语是第二人称you，且主句谓语动词told的宾语me，故宾语从句主语要换成I，主过从必过，从句用一般过去时。故选D。 8．A 【解析】考查间接引语。根据that 引导的肯定陈述句可排除B,C和D. 9．B 【解析】句意：--他说了什么？我不能听清。--他说地球绕着太阳转。分析：考查宾语从句的用法，从句要用陈述语序，当从句的内容为客观真理或者是事实的时候，要用一般现在时。他说的动作发生在过去，因此用said; 地球绕着太阳转，是客观真理，因此用一般现在时。故选 B。 10．D 【解析】主句为过去时，从句也要用过去时，人称应该改为第三人称he，时间现在应该改为在那时then，故本题选D。 10.I remember we used to listen to the radio in the evenings but then, in 1959, we got a TV!  我记得我们过去常常在晚上听收音机，但后来，在1959年，我们有了电视！  It didn’t use to rain a lot here.  这里以前不常下雨。  I’m already used to the cold weather here.  我已经习惯了这里的寒冷天气。  【知识拓展】 ‌1. used to 表示“过去经常做某事（现在不再做）”，‌描述过去反复发生的习惯或存在的状态，强调与现在的对比。‌ ‌肯定句‌: 主语 + used to + 动词原形 例句: I used to play football every day. （我过去每天都踢足球。）‌ ‌否定句‌: 主语 + didn’t use to + 动词原形 / 主语 + used not to + 动词原形 例句: He didn’t use to like coffee. （他过去不喜欢咖啡。）‌ ‌疑问句‌: Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形…? / Used + 主语 + to + 动词原形…? 例句: Did she use to be a teacher? （她过去是老师吗？）‌ ‌2. be used to do表示“被用于做某事”，描述某物或某人的用途，相当于“被用来做某事”。‌ ‌结构‌: be used to + 动词原形（被动语态） 例句: Wood is used to make furniture. （木头被用来制作家具。）‌ ‌同义表达‌: be used for + 名词/动名词 例句: The knife is used for cutting things. （刀子用来切东西。）‌ ‌3. be used to doing表示“习惯于做某事”，描述对某事的适应或习惯，可应用于所有时态。‌ ‌结构‌: be/get used to + 名词/动名词 例句:My grandparents are used to getting up early. （我的爷爷奶奶习惯早起。）‌ He is getting used to the new environment. （他正在适应新环境。）‌ ‌注意‌: “to”在此结构中为介词，后接名词或动名词。 【拓展练习】 单项选择 1．Sam has changed a lot. For example, he works ________ than he used to. A．careful B．more careful C．carefully D．more carefully 2．The girl has ________ the smell coming from her pet dog. A．been used for B．been used to C．used for D．used to 3．I used to be shy, but now I am ______ getting active and popular. A．hardly B．correctly C．widely D．gradually 4．When I finish my middle school, I hope I can ________ the life in my new high school soon. A．be used for B．used to C．get used to D．used for 5．The machines that we use to read it are smaller and lighter than a ________ book. A．simple B．single C．thick D．powerful 6．His father ________ cola, but now he ________ milk. A．used to drink; is used to drinking B．used to drinking; drinks C．is used to drinking; used to drink D．was used to drink; is drinking 7．Diana used to ________ to work, but now she is used to ________ because the road is crowded. A．drive; walking B．drive; walk C．driving; walk D．driving; walking 8．Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 9．—The surgeon is used to keeping his personal items ________. —So it is. He is quite an organized doctor. A．in shape B．out of shape C．in order D．out of order 10．My grandpa used to ________ newspapers to learn about the outside world, but now he is used to ________ the news online. A．reading; get B．read; get C．reading; getting D．read; getting 参考答案： 1．D 【解析】句意：Sam改变了很多。比如说，他比以前工作更认真了。 考查副词比较级。根据“than”可知，本空应该用比较级形式，排除A、C两项；根据“he works...than he used to”可知，本空缺少副词修饰动词，应该用副词比较级形式，排除B项。故选D。 2．B 【解析】句意：这个女孩已经习惯了她的宠物狗发出的气味。 考查动词短语。been used for被用来；been used to习惯于；used for用于；used to过去常常。根据“The girl has ... the smell coming from her pet dog”可知，是指女孩习惯了宠物狗发出的气味。故选B。 3．D 【解析】句意：我过去很害羞，但现在我逐渐变得活跃和受欢迎。 考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；correctly正确地；widely广泛地；gradually逐渐地。根据“I used to be shy, but now I am...getting active and popular.”可知，空处表示逐渐做出了改变，故选D。 4．C 【解析】句意：当我中学毕业时，我希望我能很快适应新高中的生活。 考查动词短语。be used for被用来；used to过去常常做某事；get used to习惯于；used for用于；根据“I hope I can ... the life in my new high school soon.”可知，此处指适应高中生活。故选C。 5．B 【解析】句意：我们用来阅读它的机器比一本书更小、更轻。 考查形容词辨析。simple简单的；single单个的；thick厚的；powerful强大的。根据“are smaller and lighter than a … book”可知，比一本书更小、更轻。故选B。 6．A 【解析】句意：他父亲过去常喝可乐，但现在他习惯喝牛奶。 考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。根据“but now”可知，是用来对比过去与现在的习惯，前半句描述过去的情况，用used to do sth.，后半句描述现在的情况，用be used to doing sth.。故选A。 7．A 【解析】句意：Diana过去开车去上班，但是现在她习惯了步行，因为道路非常拥挤。 考查非谓语动词。used to表示“过去常常”，后跟动词原形；be used to后跟动词的动名词形式，表示“习惯做某事”。故选A。 8．C 【解析】句意：塑料被用来制造许多东西。 考查被动语态及非谓语动词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”；used to do表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”。根据“Plastic”可知塑料被用来做东西，应用be used to do sth.，主语“Plastic”是不可数名词，需用单数形式“is”，故选C。 9．C 【解析】句意：——这位外科医生习惯于把他的私人物品整理整齐。——没错。他是一个很有条理的医生。 考查介词短语辨析。in shape保持体型；out of shape走样；in order有序地；out of order不合理。根据答语“He is quite an organized doctor.”可知，此处是说习惯把物品整理整齐，故选C。 10．D 【解析】句意：我爷爷过去常常通过阅读报纸来了解外面的世界，但现在他已经习惯了在网上获取新闻。 考查短语。根据短语“used to do sth.”可知，第一空表示“过去常常通过阅读报纸来了解外面的世界”，用动词原形“read”；第二空根据“but now he is used to”可知现在他已经习惯了在网上获取新闻，短语习惯做某事“be used to doing sth.”。故选D。 03 素养提升 第一部分 重点短语 1.run into 撞上；偶然相遇 2.take care of 照顾 3.air conditioner 空调 4.record player 唱机 5.central heating 中央供暖 6.used to 过去常常 7.be used to 习惯于  8.come round 顺道拜访 9.prime minister 首相；总理  10.thousands of 成千上万的 11.make a huge difference 产生巨大影响，发挥巨大作用  12.have a great influence on sb 对某人有很大影响  13.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事  14.be filled with 充满  15.have a chance to do sth 有机会做某事  16.take walks 散步  17.be in great pain 非常痛苦  18.chat with sb 和某人聊天  19.by one’s side 在某人身边  20.cheer sb up 鼓舞某人；使某人振作起来  21.shake hands with sb 与某人握手  22.walk through 走过  23.deal with 处理  24.not...any more 不再……  25.fall over 摔倒  第二部分 拓展练习 一、单词拼写 1．No one knows if the famous scientist (attend) the meeting next Friday. 2． (record) what you eat every day, and you will know why you are getting fatter. 3．My brother likes stamps, he has a (collect) of stamps. 4．My parents got (marry) twenty years ago. 5． (luck), you reminded me, otherwise I would have missed the train. 6．She uses her car (most) for driving to work. 7．The writer spent most of his (child) in the countryside. 8．People used to (write) letters to their friends. 9．Let’s (count) down together, ten, nine, eight, seven… 10．Diana used to (drive) to work, but now she is used to (walk) because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. 11．The time we spent together is now a distant (memorize). 12．True friends can share (happy) and sadness with each other. 13．Helen (choose) her favorite book just now. 14．Don’t forget to turn on that rice . (cook) 15．My ankle is still too to walk on. (pain) 16．Tom always makes his class (live) and interesting. 17．The fridge is empty now. Jack (fill) it with all kinds of food tomorrow, isn’t he? 18．This passage (main) tells us how to use the computer. 19．He used (sleep) late on weekends, but now he gets up early. 20．Children are usually (frighten) of darkness than adults. 21．I don’t swim so often as I (use) to. 22．I used (spend) a lot of time playing games with my friends. 23．He (use) to go to school late but now he is used (go) to school early. 24．When I was a teenager, I used to (fight) over almost everything with my family. 25．Whatever you can do can make a (different). 26．This is the (centre) area of the city. 27．There are (thousand) of people in the meeting room. 28．Mr. Liu used to (fish) in the river in his spare time. 29．A human cell is ten times (tiny) than the width of your hair. 30．—Have you ever been to (German)? —Yes, I’ve been there many times. And I can speak (German) very well. 二、完成句子 31．在这座城市里，数以千计的人们由于战争无家可归。 people in this city are homeless because of the war. 32．一个城市的中心区域总是热闹非凡。 The of a city is always lively. 33．我的朋友杰克过去常常吃很多垃圾食品。(完成译句) My friend Jack have a lot of junk food. 34．我生病的时候 Howard 经常照顾我。 Howard often of me when I was sick. 35．它们被看作幸福和美好祝愿的光明象征。 They are seen as bright and good wishes. 36．这个问题已被提及多次。 This problem many times. 37．你把宠物狗照顾得这么好，真是个细心的人。 It is you care of pet dog. 38．他很粗心，可能留意不到这样一个细微的变化。 He is so careless that he may such a change. 39．我答应有空的时候一定到他家拜访。 I promised him that I would when I was free. 40．因为下雨他没能散步。 He can’t take a walk the rain. 41．他们有上重点中学的机会。 They go to a key high school. 42．我们可以去离中国很远的国家游览。 We can visit countries China. 43．我们应该细心照顾我们的宠物。 Our pets should by us carefully. 44．他过去常吃面条，但是现在习惯吃水饺了。 He used noodles, but now he is used to eating dumplings. 45．她过去很矮，不是吗？ She used to be short, ? 46．我们的家乡在我们的心底留下了温暖而甜蜜的回忆。 Our hometown has many and in our hearts. 47．他过去常待在家里，现在习惯于锻炼了。 He stay at home. Now he sports. 48．他们以前过着舒适的生活。 They used to a . 49．他坐起来摸了摸我的头。 He and my head. 50．我们需要几台新机器？ new do we ? 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的的正确形式填空。 Is there such a thing as an ugly dog? There are all kinds of “the ugliest dog” competitions. And one such dog, Peggy, the 51 (win) of the 2023 Britain’s Ugliest Dog competition, is doing well for 52 (her). She got quite popular after the competition. If you’ve seen the movie Deadpool 3 already, you find her playing the 53 of dog pool. Peggy is really loved by many people now, but the dog didn’t have the easiest start in life. She was the 54 (small) and the weakest of the litter. Nobody wanted 55 (keep) her at first. After 56 few months, dog father Mike came to visit her and took her home. Mike said he just felt like no one would like Peggy 57 she was six years months old then. But he hopes to ask more people to care 58 those little dogs. Mike let Peggy join in the competition after friends 59 (advise) him. 60 , the judges (裁判) loved Peggy, saying her both ugly and cute. Now Peggy has her own Instagram account with photos of her as dog pool and she has over 800,000 follows already. 参考答案 一、 1．will attend 【解析】句意：没有人知道这位著名的科学家是否会参加下周五的会议。本句为If引导的宾语从句，根据“next Friday”可知，从句时态为一般将来时，其结构为will do，故填will attend。 2．Record 【解析】句意：记录下你每天吃的东西，你就会知道为什么你越来越胖了。record“记录”，动词；根据“... what you eat every day, and you will know why you are getting fatter.”可知，此句的结构为“祈使句+and+陈述句”，祈使句以动词原形开头，故此处应用动词原形，且句首首字母大写。故填Record。 3．collection 【解析】句意：我的兄弟喜欢邮票，他有一个集邮收藏。根据句意，此处需要使用名词形式，表示“一份集邮收藏”。动词“collect”的名词形式是“collection”。故填collection。 4．married 【解析】句意：我父母20年前结婚了。get married“结婚”，固定搭配。故填married。 5．Luckily 【解析】句意：幸好你提醒了我，否则我就赶不上火车了。分析句子可知，本句结构完整，应用副词修饰整个句子，luck的副词为luckily；句子开头，首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 6．mostly 【解析】句意：她主要是使用小汽车开车去上班。结合提示词和题干可知，空格处应填副词mostly“主要地”，用于修饰动词uses。故填mostly。 7．childhood 【解析】句意：这位作家童年的大部分时间是在农村度过的。child表示“孩子”。结合spent可知，度过的是童年时光，应用childhood。故填childhood。 8．write 【解析】句意：人们过去常常给朋友写信。此处是结构used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填write。 9．count 【解析】句意：让我们一起倒计时，十、九、八、七……count“数数”，let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填count。 10． drive walking 【解析】句意：戴安娜过去开车去上班，但现在她习惯走路，因为路上很拥挤，她想保持健康。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，第一空应填drive；be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，第二空应用动名词walking。故填drive；walking。 11．memory 【解析】句意：我们一起度过的时光现在已成为遥远的回忆。根据所给词和a可知，a后加可数名词单数memory“记忆，回忆”。故填memory。 12．happiness 【解析】句意：真正的朋友能彼此分享快乐和悲伤。and前后连接两个并列成分，所以空格处用名词形式，happy开心的，其名词形式为happiness。故填happiness。 13．chose 【解析】句意：海伦刚才选了她最喜欢的书。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词；根据“just now”可知，时态为一般过去时；choose“选择”，动词，其过去式为chose。故填chose。 14．cooker 【解析】句意：别忘了打开那个电饭煲。根据“rice”可知，此处表示“电饭煲”，空格处应填名词，cook“烹饪”，动词，其名词为cooker，意为“锅，炊具”，故填cooker。 15．painful 【解析】句意：我的脚踝还是痛得走不动。句中is后接形容词作表语；pain“疼痛”，名词，其形容词为painful，意为“疼痛的”，符合语境。故填painful。 16．lively 【解析】句意：汤姆总是让他的课生动的，有趣的。根据“his class”可知此空是形容他的课生动的“lively”，形容词。故填lively。 17．is going to fill 【解析】句意：冰箱现在是空的。杰克明天要把它装满各种各样的食物，不是吗？根据“tomorrow”可知，此处应该用一般将来时，结合“isn’t he”可知，此处应该用“is going to do”结构。故填is going to fill。 18．mainly 【解析】句意：这篇文章主要告诉我们如何使用电脑。根据“This passage...tells us”可知，答题空内需要填一个副词修饰动词tells，main表示“主要的”，形容词，其副词为mainly。故填mainly。 19．to sleep 【解析】句意：他过去周末睡得很晚，但现在起得很早。sleep“睡眠”，动词。根据“but now”可知，前半句表示过去常常晚睡，used to do sth“过去常常做某事”。故填to sleep。 20．more frightened 【解析】句意： 孩子们通常比大人更害怕黑暗。frighten“使惊恐”，是动词。此处作表语，应用形容词frightened“害怕的”，修饰人，结合than可知，应用比较级，故填more frightened。 21．used 【解析】句意：我不像过去那样经常游泳了。根据“I don’t swim so often as I ... (use) to.”可知是现在与过去的对比，used to“过去常常”。故填used。 22．to spend 【解析】句意：我曾经花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，此空应填动词不定式，故填to spend。 23． used to going 【解析】句意：他过去上学经常迟到，但现在他习惯了早上学。根据“but now”可知，前半句介绍的是过去常常发生的事情，用used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”。后半句表示现在习惯做的事情，用be used to doing sth表示“习惯做某事”，故填used；to going。 24．fight 【解析】句意：当我十几岁的时候，我常常为了几乎所有的事情和我的家人争吵。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，为固定短语。故填fight。 25．difference 【解析】句意：无论你做什么都会有所不同。根据“make a”及different可知此处应用动词短语make a difference表示“有作用或影响”。故填difference。 26．central 【解析】句意：这是城市的中心地区。此处在句中作定语修饰area，用形容词central表示“中心的”，故填central。 27．thousands 【解析】句意：在会议室里有成千上万的人。thousand”千“，空格前无具体数字，结合“of people”可知，此处使用thousands of，意为“成千上万的，数以千计的”。故填thousands。 28．fish 【解析】句意：刘先生过去常在业余时间在河里钓鱼。短语used to do sth表示“去常常做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填fish。 29．tinier 【解析】句意：人类细胞比头发的宽度还要小十倍。根据“than”可知此处用tiny的比较级tinier。故填tinier。 30． Germany German 【解析】句意：——你曾去过德国吗？——是的，我去过那很多次。我德语说的也很好。have been to sp表示“去过某地”，此处指地名，Germany表示“德国”；根据speak可知，此处指讲语言，German表示“德语”。故填Germany；German。 二、 31． Thousands of 【解析】根据中英文可知，此处空对应的中文为“数以千计的”，thousands of“数以千计的”，后跟名词复数，句首字母大写。故填Thousands；of。 32． central part / area 【解析】结合句意和语境可知，第一空要填入的是表示“中心”的形容词，作定语，“central”符合语境；第二空需要填入的是表示“区域”的名词，“part”和“area”符合语境，动词为“is”，说明主语是单数。故填①central ②part/area。 33． used to 【解析】过去常常做某事：used to do sth.，固定用法。故填used；to。 34． took care 【解析】照顾：take care of；根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took；care。 35． symbols of happiness 【解析】根据所给汉语可知，空格处表示的应是“幸福的象征”。happiness“幸福”，a symbol of“……的象征”，由are以及所给句意可知symbol“象征”要用复数形式，故填symbols；of；happiness。 36． has been mentioned 【解析】根据中英文句子可知，空处填“已被提及”。结合语境可知，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，has/have been done；主语是this problem，谓语动词用三单，即has been done；mention动词，“提及”，mentioned过去分词，故填has；been；mentioned。 37． careful of to take 【解析】It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中形容词修饰事物时，应用for，修饰人的性格、品质时，应用of。careful“细心的”，修饰人，应用of；take care of“照顾”。故填careful；of；to；take。 38． be unaware of tiny 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，前三个空处表达的意思是“注意不到”：be unaware of，情态动词may后接动词原形；第4空表达的意思是“细微的”：tiny，故填be；unaware；of；tiny。 39． come round 【解析】根据中英文对照分析，come round“拜访”，would后跟动词原形。故填come；round。 40． because of 【解析】对照中英文可知，缺“因为”的翻译，对应的英文表达有“because/because of”等，because后面跟句子，because of后面跟名词、代词或名词性短语。根据空后“the rain”是一个名词，所以应用because of。故填because；of。 41． have a chance to 【解析】对比中英文可知，此处应填have a chance to do“有做某事的机会”，因为本句为陈述事实，为一般现在时，且主语they为复数，所以谓语动词用原形。故填have；a；chance；to。 42． far away from 【解析】根据中文意思可知本题考查短语far away from“离……很远”，强调距离远，符合语境，故填far；away；from。 43． be taken care of 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“照顾”，其英文表达为take care of；结合题干可知，宠物应是“被照顾”，所以句子应是被动语态，谓语结构是be done，空前是should，be动词用原形，take的过去分词是taken。故填be；taken；care；of。 44． to eat 【解析】根据句意和题干可知，此处是固定表达used to do sth“过去常常做某事”；eat“吃”。故填to；eat。 45． didn’t/usedn’t she 【解析】前句为肯定句，疑问部分用否定形式；含used to结构的句子变反意疑问句时，用助动词did或used，故填didn’t/usedn’t；she。 46． left soft/warm sweet memories 【解析】“留下”leave；“温暖的”soft/warm；“甜蜜的”sweet；“回忆”memory。has后接过去分词left，构成现在完成时，many后接可数名词复数memories。故填left；soft/warm；sweet；memories。 47． used to is/gets used to playing 【解析】根据所给汉语提示可知，前两个空表示的是“过去常常”，英语表达为：used to do sth.，后面有stay，故应用used to；第二空表示的是“习惯于锻炼”，be/get used to doing“习惯于做某事”，play sports“锻炼”，且主语为he，故应是is/gets used to playing。故填used；to；is/gets；used；to；playing。 48． live comfortable life 【解析】live a/an+形容词+life表示“过着一种……的生活”，comfortable“舒适的”，形容词作定语，used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，第一空填动词原形，故填live；comfortable；life。 49． sat up touched 【解析】sit up“坐起来”；touch“触摸”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填sat；up；touched。 50． How many machines need 【解析】根据句意，本句为特殊疑问句，询问数量多少并且后加可数名词复数的用“how many”；“机器”为machine，是可数名词，在“how many”后要变复数为machines；“需要”为need。故填how ；many；machines；need。 三、 51．winner 52．herself 53．role 54．smallest 55．to keep 56．a 57．because 58．about 59．advised 60．However 【解析】本文讲述了一只名叫Peggy的狗赢得了“2023年英国最丑狗”比赛，并因此变得非常受欢迎。 51．句意：其中一只狗Peggy，是2023年英国最丑狗比赛的冠军，它自己也做得很好。“the+名词+of”表示“……的……”，此处需要名词形式winner“获胜者”来指代Peggy。故填winner。 52．句意：其中一只狗Peggy，是2023年英国最丑狗比赛的冠军，它自己也做得很好。for oneself表示“为某人自己”，此处主语是Peggy，因此应使用herself。故填herself。 53．句意：如果你已经看过电影《死侍3》，你会在其中看到佩吉扮演狗池的角色。play the role of ... 表示“扮演……的角色”，此处指Peggy在电影中扮演狗泳池的角色。故填role。 54．句意：它是那一窝中最小、最弱的一只。and连接并列结构，weakest是最高级，因此small也应用最高级形式smallest，表示“最小的”。故填smallest。 55．句意：起初，没有人想收养它。want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”。故填to keep。 56．句意：几个月后，狗爸爸Mike来看望它，并把它带回家。a few表示“几个”，用于修饰可数名词复数，此处few months是可数名词复数，因此用a few修饰。故填a。 57．句意：Mike说，他觉得当Peggy六个月大的时候，没有人会喜欢它。此处需要连词连接原因状语从句，表示Mike觉得没人会喜欢Peggy的原因是她当时已经六岁零几个月了。故填because。 58．句意：但他希望吸引更多人关注那些小狗。care about表示“关心”，固定短语，此处指Mike希望更多人关心那些小狗。故填about。 59．句意：在朋友的建议下，Mike让Peggy参加了比赛。after引导时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词advise应使用过去式advised，表示在朋友给他建议之后。故填advised。 60．句意：然而，裁判们非常喜欢佩吉，说她既丑又可爱。前后文存在转折关系，前面描述Peggy起点不高，后面说明裁判很喜欢她，因此用However表示转折。故填However。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$