Unit 4 Dealing with Problems【速记清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记•巧练(北师大版)

Unit 4 Dealing with Problems 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 1.difficulty n. 困难；难题 【典型例句】 Do you have difficulty getting up? 你起床有困难吗？ They discussed the difficulty of studying abroad. 他们讨论了到国外学习的困难。 【知识拓展】 with difficulty困难地；吃力地 in difficulty处境困难 have difficulty (in)+n./doing做…有困难；在某方面有困难 without difficulty容易地；毫不费力地 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 We can overcome __________________. 我们能战胜任何困难。 Teenagers often__________________ themselves. 十来岁的孩子在表达思想方面常常有困难。 2.advise v. 建议；劝告 【典型例句】 I'd advise you not to tell him. 我劝你别告诉他。 Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry. 一些医生建议每天抽出一定时间思忧。 【知识拓展】 advise doing sth建议做某事 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advice n.建议 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 From a practical viewpoint, I __________________. 从实际角度考虑，我劝你不要去。 I __________________your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August. 要是想在八月份去旅行，我建议及早购票。 3.satisfied adj. 满意的；满足的 【典型例句】 We are not satisfied with these results. 我们对这些结果不满意。 Like so many creative people, he was never satisfied. 正如许多有创造力的人一样，他永不满足。 【知识拓展】 be satisfied with满足 ; 满意 ; 满足于 be satisfied of相信 ; 信任 ; 确信 ; 信赖 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 My parents__________________ my progress in my lessons. 我的父母对我在功课上的进步很满意。 People need to __________________the need for a new system. 需要使人们明白建立一个新体系的必要性。 4. offer v. 提供；提出；n.主动提议，提供； 出价，报价 【典型例句】 We offer free technical support. 我们免费提供技术支持。 His offer was well meant. 他的提议是出于好心。 【知识拓展】 on offer在出售中 make an offer要价，出价 special offer特别优惠 job offer工作机会；工作邀请 offer help提供帮助 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 I mistook __________________ as a threat. 我把她的好心错看成威胁了。 Did they __________________ ? 他们给你这个职位了吗？ 5.manage vi. 处理；应付 vt. 管理；经营 【典型例句】 Can you manage that suitcase? 你弄得动那个箱子吗？ If you can manage to get two tickets that's better still. 要是你能设法弄到两张票，那就更好了。 【知识拓展】 manage to do设法完成某事 manage it可以设法做到 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 How do you __________________ keep the place so neat? 你是怎么把这个地方保持得如此整洁的呢？ That's not a hard job. I'm sure I can__________________ 这活儿又不重。我一个人顶得下来。 6. unless conj. 除非 【知识拓展】 unless 作为连词，表示“除非”“若非”，引导否定意义的条件状语从句，主句常用一般将来时或情态动词，从句用一般现在时表将来意义。 例：Unless you work hard, you will fail.若不努力，你会失败‌ She won’t go out unless it’s necessary.除非必要，她不会出门‌ 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 We cannot understand disease __________________ we understand the person who has the disease. 除非我们了解有某种疾病的人，否则我们不会了解疾病。 7.achieve v. 达到；完成 【典型例句】 The medicine did not achieve the desired effect. 这种药未达到预期效果。 Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。 【知识拓展】 achieve success取得成功；获得成功 achieve one's goals实现目标 achievement n.成就；完成；达到 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 It helps to __________________. 它有助于实现你的梦想。 You can only __________________ through hard work. 你得孜孜不倦方能成功。 8. succeed v. 成功；达到目的 【典型例句】 Sooner or later we will succeed. 我们迟早会成功的。 Believe in yourself, or you'll never succeed. 相信自己，否则你永远不会成功。 【知识拓展】 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 success n.成功，成就 successful adj.成功的 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Only by working hard can we __________________ anything. 只有通过努力工作，我们才能获得成功。 9. suppose v. 认为；推断；设想 【典型例句】 Do you suppose he was telling the truth? 你认为他在说真话吗？ There is no reason to suppose she's lying. 认为她在说谎完全没道理。 Getting a visa isn't as simple as you might suppose. 办签证不像你想的那么容易。 【知识拓展】 be suppose to do应该做某事 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 They __________________looked at but not used. 它们应该是用来看而不是使用的。 They __________________ by now! I told everybody to meet here by 10:15. 他们本来现在就应该到了！我告诉过所有人10点15分到这里集合。 10. praise n.&v. 赞扬；称赞 【典型例句】 He deserves the highest praise for his bravery. 他为其勇敢应该得到至高的赞扬。 Praise them sincerely when they do something good. 当他们做了好事时，真诚地赞美他们。 【知识拓展】 in praise of歌颂 praise for因为...赞美 with high praise受到高度赞扬 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Does a goalkeeper get __________________? 门将能够得到足够的赞誉吗？ It's a book __________________country life. 这是一本赞扬乡下生活的书。 You __________________your efforts and encouragement when it's difficult. 你的努力需要赞扬，遇到困难的时候需要他人的鼓励。 11. strict adj. 严格的；严厉的 【典型例句】 She's on a very strict diet. 她正严格节食。 The sport has a strict code of conduct. 体育运动有严格的行为规范。 She's very strict about things like homework. 她对作业之类的事要求非常严格。 【知识拓展】 be strict in sth.对某事要求严格 be strict with对某人要求严格 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Chen is very __________________ and serious. 陈非常严格和认真。 They __________________their children. 他们对子女一向十分严格。 12.except prep. 除……之外 【典型例句】 I like all sports except football. 除足球外我喜欢所有的运动。 We work every day except Sunday. 我们除星期天外每天都工作。 【知识拓展】 except for除了 ; 要不是由于 ; 除……之外 except that除了 ; 只是 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 I wouldn't have accepted anything __________________in New York. 我当时是不会接受一份除纽约以外任何其他地方的工作的。 13.If you study hard every day, you’ll achieve your goals.  如果你每天努力学习，你就会实现你的目标。  You’ll succeed if you do one thing at a time and stick to your plan.  如果你一次只做一件事并坚持你的计划，你会成功的。  If you’ve said something impolite, say sorry to your friend.  如果你说了不礼貌的话，向你的朋友道歉。  【知识拓展】 条件状语从句表示“某种条件下才会发生某事”，由 ‌if, unless, provided that, as long as‌ 等引导，分为真实条件（可能发生）和虚拟条件（假设）。 ‌引导词‌ ‌含义‌ ‌例句‌ ‌if‌ 如果（常用） If you study hard, you will pass. ‌unless‌ 除非（=if not） She won’t come unless you invite her. ‌as long as‌ 只要 You can join as long as you follow rules. ▲‌真实条件句‌ ‌主将从现‌：主句用将来时/情态动词，从句用一般现在时。 If it ‌rains‌ (从句), we ‌will cancel‌ (主句) the trip. ‌主祈从现‌：主句是祈使句，从句用现在时。 ‌Don’t eat(主句) if you ‌are‌ (从句) full. ▲‌虚拟条件句‌ ‌与现在事实相反‌：从句用过去式，主句用 would/could/might + 动词原形。 If I ‌were‌ rich, I ‌would travel‌ the world. ‌与过去事实相反‌：从句用 had + 过去分词，主句用 would have + 过去分词。 If he ‌had left‌ earlier, he ‌wouldn’t have missed‌ the flight. 【拓展练习】 单项选择 1．I won’t have enough time to study ________ I watch TV so often. A．if B．although C．but D．so 2．We can have a wonderful future ________ we work hard. A．if B．unless C．so D．although 3．—What will we do ________ it rains tomorrow? —We can stay at home and watch TV. A．because B．so C．if D．but 4．We’ll go for a picnic with our classmates in Nanxi Wetland Park if it ________ tomorrow. A．doesn’t rain B．rained C．won’t rain D．rains 5．—Let’s go bike riding next Sunday, shall we? —Good idea, unless it ______. A．rains B．doesn’t rain C．will rain D．won’t rain 6．—We will enter a good high school ________ we work hard. —I agree. Work hard enough and our dream will come true one day. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．as well as 7．If her son ________a doctor, she ________ very happy. A．will be; becomes B．becomes; will be C．will be; is D．will be; will be 8．If we _________ to understand each other, we will build a stronger friendship. A．will learn B．learn C．won’t learn D．don’t learn 9．—The river pollution is terrible. —It will be worse ________ we take action to protect the environment. A．if B．until C．because D．unless 10．The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier ________ we do something helpful for them. A．because B．if C．until D．unless 11．We will hold the sports meeting unless it ________. A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．doesn’t rain 12．—It’s so sad that we can’t go to the same university. —Don’t worry. ________ we can keep in touch with each other, our friendship will be stronger and stronger. A．If B．Although C．But D．Because 13．________ I were you, I would try my best to make my dream come true. A．If B．Until C．Unless D．Though 14．—My parents always go for a walk after dinner ________ it rains or snows. —What a healthy habit! A．as long as B．until C．because D．unless 15．You don’t need a lot of friends ________ they’re good. A．though B．as long as C．until D．so that 03 素养提升 第一部分 重点短语 1.__________________ 和……相处 2.__________________ 代沟 3.__________________ 独自；单独 4.__________________ 关心 5.__________________ 长大 6.__________________不时；偶尔  7.__________________情绪低落  8.__________________ 打破僵局 9.__________________ B 把A变成B  10.__________________坚持 11.__________________ 即使；纵然；虽然 12.t__________________深呼吸  13.__________________坏情绪，坏心情  14.__________________ 提供帮助  15.__________________变得紧张  16.__________________与某人重归就好，与某人和解  17.__________________设定时间限制  18.__________________使自己振作起来  19.__________________专心；集中注意力  20.__________________始终，一直  21.__________________考试  22.__________________冷静下来  23.__________________一次；每次  24.__________________休息  25.__________________和某人争论某事  26.__________________对某人严格  27.__________________设置密码  28.__________________一团糟  29.__________________挂电话  30.__________________和某人谈话  31.__________________出毛病；发生故障；弄错  第二部分 拓展练习 一、单词拼写 1．When I’m too angry, (control) myself is not an easy thing. 2． (when) you need help, please call me for help. 3．His brother has never (offer) to help other people. 4．You won’t (success), unless you part with your phone. 5．Don’t trouble him. He (enter) the information into the computer. 6．The boy doesn’t show good manners to others. He is (polite) 7．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 8．We will put off the sports meeting if it (rain) tomorrow. 9．I believe you (achieve) your dream if you keep on working hard. 10．They didn’t trust him because he was a/an man. (honesty) 11．It’s not (fairness) for me to do so much work. 12．A (strange) offered to help us when our car broke down on the way. 13．Grandpa lives in the countryside by himself, but he doesn’t feel (lone) because he has three dogs. 14．Sarah (receive) his gift if Chen apologizes to you sincerely. 15．They really don’t know how (care) for the sick children. 16． (fail) twice, he doesn’t want to try a third time. 17．.Jim, did you go (somewhere) interesting last Saturday? 18．Look at his pale face. He seems (health) and he needs to do sports more often. 19．If a person (across) the river of difficulty, he will see a different beauty. 20．If you don’t give up when you meet difficulties, you (make ) your dreams come true. 21．I’m sure if Bob (have) time, he’ll come to see you. 22．—What will you do if there is a fire? —I (call) 119 for help. 23．Please wake me up if Susan (come) back. 24．Anna isn’t as (lazy) as Tina. Anna always gets up at 6:30 a.m. 25．If it (not snow), Bob (play) football with me tomorrow. 二、完成句子 26．她长大后想当一名动物医生。 She wants to be an animal doctor when she . 27．不管他说些什么，你都不要信任他。 Don’t him, no matter what he says. 28．他有时在家帮着做家务。 He sometimes at home. 29．我们知道老师们真的都很关心我们。 We know teachers really us. 30．虽然珠穆朗玛峰很危险，但许多人想努力去攀登。 Many people try to climb Mount Qomolangma it is dangerous. 31．即使你没有赢，你今天仍然干得不错。 you didn’t win, you still did a great job today. 32．“我想到了，熊会被坚果吸引，”Sam兴奋地说。 “I’ve got it. The bear by the nuts,” Sam said excitedly. 33．如果不放弃你的手机，你是不会成功的。 You won’t you part with your phone. 34．他独自完成这个漫画创作，真了不起！ It’s great him to draw this cartoon . 35．我们需要有人打破这种僵局。 We need someone to . 36．如果碰到麻烦，要赶紧向人求救。 If you , don’t hesitate to ask for help. 37．他想学习怎样操控那些木偶。 He wants to learn the puppets. 38．如果我不去医院，会发生什么？ What if I don’t go to the hospital? 39．除非我很忙，否则我每天会挑选一些词卡来练习英语。 I some word cards to practise English I am very busy every day. 40．除非你听从我的建议，否则你会感觉很难受。 You will feel bad you . 41．作为一名老师，李老师关心所有的学生，所以他们非常喜欢她。 As a teacher, Mrs. Li all her students, so they like her very much. 42．如果明天下大雪，我们可能会放假。 If it tomorrow, we may have a day off. 43．托尼偶尔玩电脑游戏。 Tony plays computer games . 44．我发现学习英语很有趣。 I find learn English. 45．他们在火车上提供热水。 They on the train. 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 Friends are important in our life, because everyone wants to make friends 46 (easy). However, some people have some 47 (difficulty) in making friends and they often feel lonely. What’s the reason (原因) behind that? Some scientists 48 (介词) Chicago University say, the reason is that this kind of people have brains (脑) different from common people. And they often feel unsafe 49 (连词) they meet strangers. Does that mean they have no way to become 50 (happy) again? No, don’t worry. Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people solve this problem. They provided four steps (步骤) for 51 (get) out of loneliness. The first step is to accept social invitations although you don’t want to go. “It’s not enough for people just to stay in touch with others online. That’s because most people don’t show 52 (they) true selves there,” said Dr. Cacioppo, one of this study’s scientists. Another step is to get 53 (冠词) action plan. As “Actions speak louder than words”, people need to be active to communicate with others. They also need to meet people with the same 54 (interesting). Also, they should try to expect the best from each activity. Anyway, “Tomorrow is another day”. Who 55 (know) what good things are waiting for us? 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Dealing with Problems 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 1.difficulty n. 困难；难题 【典型例句】 Do you have difficulty getting up? 你起床有困难吗？ They discussed the difficulty of studying abroad. 他们讨论了到国外学习的困难。 【知识拓展】 with difficulty困难地；吃力地 in difficulty处境困难 have difficulty (in)+n./doing做…有困难；在某方面有困难 without difficulty容易地；毫不费力地 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 We can overcome any difficulty. 我们能战胜任何困难。 Teenagers often have difficulty (in) expressing themselves. 十来岁的孩子在表达思想方面常常有困难。 2.advise v. 建议；劝告 【典型例句】 I'd advise you not to tell him. 我劝你别告诉他。 Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry. 一些医生建议每天抽出一定时间思忧。 【知识拓展】 advise doing sth建议做某事 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advice n.建议 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 From a practical viewpoint, I advise you not to go. 从实际角度考虑，我劝你不要去。 I advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August. 要是想在八月份去旅行，我建议及早购票。 3.satisfied adj. 满意的；满足的 【典型例句】 We are not satisfied with these results. 我们对这些结果不满意。 Like so many creative people, he was never satisfied. 正如许多有创造力的人一样，他永不满足。 【知识拓展】 be satisfied with满足 ; 满意 ; 满足于 be satisfied of相信 ; 信任 ; 确信 ; 信赖 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 My parents are satisfied with my progress in my lessons. 我的父母对我在功课上的进步很满意。 People need to be satisfied of the need for a new system. 需要使人们明白建立一个新体系的必要性。 4. offer v. 提供；提出；n.主动提议，提供； 出价，报价 【典型例句】 We offer free technical support. 我们免费提供技术支持。 His offer was well meant. 他的提议是出于好心。 【知识拓展】 on offer在出售中 make an offer要价，出价 special offer特别优惠 job offer工作机会；工作邀请 offer help提供帮助 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 I mistook her offer as a threat. 我把她的好心错看成威胁了。 Did they offer you the job ? 他们给你这个职位了吗？ 5.manage vi. 处理；应付 vt. 管理；经营 【典型例句】 Can you manage that suitcase? 你弄得动那个箱子吗？ If you can manage to get two tickets that's better still. 要是你能设法弄到两张票，那就更好了。 【知识拓展】 manage to do设法完成某事 manage it可以设法做到 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 How do you manage to keep the place so neat? 你是怎么把这个地方保持得如此整洁的呢？ That's not a hard job. I'm sure I can manage it myself. 这活儿又不重。我一个人顶得下来。 6. unless conj. 除非 【知识拓展】 unless 作为连词，表示“除非”“若非”，引导否定意义的条件状语从句，主句常用一般将来时或情态动词，从句用一般现在时表将来意义。 例：Unless you work hard, you will fail.若不努力，你会失败‌ She won’t go out unless it’s necessary.除非必要，她不会出门‌ 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 We cannot understand disease unless we understand the person who has the disease. 除非我们了解有某种疾病的人，否则我们不会了解疾病。 7.achieve v. 达到；完成 【典型例句】 The medicine did not achieve the desired effect. 这种药未达到预期效果。 Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。 【知识拓展】 achieve success取得成功；获得成功 achieve one's goals实现目标 achievement n.成就；完成；达到 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 It helps to achieve your dream. 它有助于实现你的梦想。 You can only achieve success through hard work. 你得孜孜不倦方能成功。 8. succeed v. 成功；达到目的 【典型例句】 Sooner or later we will succeed. 我们迟早会成功的。 Believe in yourself, or you'll never succeed. 相信自己，否则你永远不会成功。 【知识拓展】 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 success n.成功，成就 successful adj.成功的 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything. 只有通过努力工作，我们才能获得成功。 9. suppose v. 认为；推断；设想 【典型例句】 Do you suppose he was telling the truth? 你认为他在说真话吗？ There is no reason to suppose she's lying. 认为她在说谎完全没道理。 Getting a visa isn't as simple as you might suppose. 办签证不像你想的那么容易。 【知识拓展】 be suppose to do应该做某事 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 They are supposed to be looked at but not used. 它们应该是用来看而不是使用的。 They are supposed to be here by now! I told everybody to meet here by 10:15. 他们本来现在就应该到了！我告诉过所有人10点15分到这里集合。 10. praise n.&v. 赞扬；称赞 【典型例句】 He deserves the highest praise for his bravery. 他为其勇敢应该得到至高的赞扬。 Praise them sincerely when they do something good. 当他们做了好事时，真诚地赞美他们。 【知识拓展】 in praise of歌颂 praise for因为...赞美 with high praise受到高度赞扬 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Does a goalkeeper get enough praise? 门将能够得到足够的赞誉吗？ It's a book in praise of country life. 这是一本赞扬乡下生活的书。 You need praise for your efforts and encouragement when it's difficult. 你的努力需要赞扬，遇到困难的时候需要他人的鼓励。 11. strict adj. 严格的；严厉的 【典型例句】 She's on a very strict diet. 她正严格节食。 The sport has a strict code of conduct. 体育运动有严格的行为规范。 She's very strict about things like homework. 她对作业之类的事要求非常严格。 【知识拓展】 be strict in sth.对某事要求严格 be strict with对某人要求严格 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 Chen is very strict and serious. 陈非常严格和认真。 They are always very strict with their children. 他们对子女一向十分严格。 12.except prep. 除……之外 【典型例句】 I like all sports except football. 除足球外我喜欢所有的运动。 We work every day except Sunday. 我们除星期天外每天都工作。 【知识拓展】 except for除了 ; 要不是由于 ; 除……之外 except that除了 ; 只是 【拓展练习】根据汉语提示完成句子。 I wouldn't have accepted anything except a job in New York. 我当时是不会接受一份除纽约以外任何其他地方的工作的。 13.If you study hard every day, you’ll achieve your goals.  如果你每天努力学习，你就会实现你的目标。  You’ll succeed if you do one thing at a time and stick to your plan.  如果你一次只做一件事并坚持你的计划，你会成功的。  If you’ve said something impolite, say sorry to your friend.  如果你说了不礼貌的话，向你的朋友道歉。  【知识拓展】 条件状语从句表示“某种条件下才会发生某事”，由 ‌if, unless, provided that, as long as‌ 等引导，分为真实条件（可能发生）和虚拟条件（假设）。 ‌引导词‌ ‌含义‌ ‌例句‌ ‌if‌ 如果（常用） If you study hard, you will pass. ‌unless‌ 除非（=if not） She won’t come unless you invite her. ‌as long as‌ 只要 You can join as long as you follow rules. ▲‌真实条件句‌ ‌主将从现‌：主句用将来时/情态动词，从句用一般现在时。 If it ‌rains‌ (从句), we ‌will cancel‌ (主句) the trip. ‌主祈从现‌：主句是祈使句，从句用现在时。 ‌Don’t eat(主句) if you ‌are‌ (从句) full. ▲‌虚拟条件句‌ ‌与现在事实相反‌：从句用过去式，主句用 would/could/might + 动词原形。 If I ‌were‌ rich, I ‌would travel‌ the world. ‌与过去事实相反‌：从句用 had + 过去分词，主句用 would have + 过去分词。 If he ‌had left‌ earlier, he ‌wouldn’t have missed‌ the flight. 【拓展练习】 单项选择 1．I won’t have enough time to study ________ I watch TV so often. A．if B．although C．but D．so 2．We can have a wonderful future ________ we work hard. A．if B．unless C．so D．although 3．—What will we do ________ it rains tomorrow? —We can stay at home and watch TV. A．because B．so C．if D．but 4．We’ll go for a picnic with our classmates in Nanxi Wetland Park if it ________ tomorrow. A．doesn’t rain B．rained C．won’t rain D．rains 5．—Let’s go bike riding next Sunday, shall we? —Good idea, unless it ______. A．rains B．doesn’t rain C．will rain D．won’t rain 6．—We will enter a good high school ________ we work hard. —I agree. Work hard enough and our dream will come true one day. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．as well as 7．If her son ________a doctor, she ________ very happy. A．will be; becomes B．becomes; will be C．will be; is D．will be; will be 8．If we _________ to understand each other, we will build a stronger friendship. A．will learn B．learn C．won’t learn D．don’t learn 9．—The river pollution is terrible. —It will be worse ________ we take action to protect the environment. A．if B．until C．because D．unless 10．The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier ________ we do something helpful for them. A．because B．if C．until D．unless 11．We will hold the sports meeting unless it ________. A．rain B．rains C．will rain D．doesn’t rain 12．—It’s so sad that we can’t go to the same university. —Don’t worry. ________ we can keep in touch with each other, our friendship will be stronger and stronger. A．If B．Although C．But D．Because 13．________ I were you, I would try my best to make my dream come true. A．If B．Until C．Unless D．Though 14．—My parents always go for a walk after dinner ________ it rains or snows. —What a healthy habit! A．as long as B．until C．because D．unless 15．You don’t need a lot of friends ________ they’re good. A．though B．as long as C．until D．so that 答案: 1．A 【解析】句意：如果我经常看电视，我就没有足够的时间学习了。 考查连词辨析。if如果；although虽然；but但是；so所以。后句是前句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 2．A 【解析】句意：如果我们努力学习，我们会有一个美好的未来。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless如果不，除非；so所以；although虽然。根据前后句关系可知，从句表达是假设关系，是一种肯定条件，故用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 3．C 【解析】句意：——如果明天下雨我们怎么办？——我们可以待在家里看电视。 考查连词辨析。because因为；so因此；if如果；but但是。根据“We can stay at home and watch TV.”可知，此处问的是如果下雨怎么办，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 4．A 【解析】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们将和同学们去南溪湿地公园野餐。 考查if引导的条件状语从句。本句是由if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；从句的主语是it，谓语动词是rain，结合语境，是说如果明天不下雨就去野餐，所以要用否定形式doesn’t rain。故选A。 5．A 【解析】句意：——我们下星期天去骑自行车吧，好吗？——好主意，除非下雨。 考查时态。根据语境可知，此处是在表达“除非下雨，否则我们去骑自行车”，unless引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示将来时，且此处表达的是下雨的意思，所以应该用rains。故选A。 6．B 【解析】句意：——只要我们努力学习，就一定能考上好高中。——我同意。努力学习，总有一天我们会梦想成真。 考查从属连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as far as就……而言；as well as也。根据“We will enter a good high school...we work hard.”可知，此处指努力学习是考上好高中的条件，应用as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。故选B。 7．B 【解析】句意：如果她的儿子成为一名医生，她将非常高兴。 考查动词时态。will be; becomes从句将来时，主句一般现在时；becomes; will be从句一般现在时，主句将来时；will be; is从句和主句都使用了一般现在时；will be; will be从句和主句都使用了将来时。根据“If her son … a doctor, she… very happy.”可知，此句是一个主从复合句，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时will do，从句用一般现在时，主语是her son，谓语动词用三单。故选B。 8．B 【解析】句意：如果我们互相学习理解，我们会建立更强的友谊。 考查条件状语从句用法。本句为If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，根据“to understand each other, we will build a stronger friendship.”并结合选项可知，如果我们互相学习理解，我们会建立更强的友谊，故从句为肯定句，主语为we，动词learn需原形。故选B。 9．D 【解析】句意：——河水污染很严重。——除非我们采取行动保护环境，否则它会变得更糟。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；because因为；unless除非。根据“It will be worse ... we take action to protect the environment.”可知，河流污染会变得更糟糕，除非我们采取行动保护环境，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 10．D 【解析】句意：除非我们做些有益的事情，否则河流将变得越来越脏。 考查连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句。根据“The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier”和“we do something helpful for them”可知，前后句有条件关系，后句是前句的条件，表示“除非我们做些有益的事情，否则河流将变得越来越脏”，故选D。 11．B 【解析】句意：除非下雨，否则我们将举行运动会。 考查动词的时态。根据“We will hold the sports meeting unless it...”可知，句子为unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则；主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，主语为“it”，谓语动词应用三单形式，排除A和C；根据语境可知，此处是指除非下雨，否则我们将举行运动会，排除D。故选B。 12．A 【解析】句意：——我们不能上同一所大学真是太遗憾了。——不要担心。如果我们能保持联系，我们的友谊会越来越牢固。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Although虽然，尽管；But但是；Because因为。根据“we can keep in touch with each other, our friendship will be stronger and stronger.”可知，“我们能彼此保持联系”是一种假设条件，“我们的友谊会越来越深厚”是在这种假设条件下产生的结果，故此处应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 13．A 【解析】句意：如果我是你，我会尽我最大的努力使我的梦想成真。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Until直到；Unless除非；Though尽管。根据“…I were you, I would try my best to make my dream come true.”可知，此处“我是你”是“尽最大的努力使梦想成真”的条件，应该用if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。 14．D 【解析】句意：——我父母总是在晚饭后散步，除非下雨或下雪。——多么健康的习惯啊！ 考查连词辨析。as long as只要；until直到；because因为；unless除非，如果不。根据“My parents always go for a walk after dinner...it rains or snows.”可知，如果不下雨或下雪就会在晚饭后散步，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 15．B 【解析】句意：朋友不在多，只要好就行了。 考查连词辨析。though尽管；as long as只要；until直到；so that以便，为了。根据“You don’t need a lot of friends…they’re good.”的语境并结合选项可知，后句是前句的条件，应用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B。 03 素养提升 第一部分 重点短语 1.get along with 和……相处 2.generation gap 代沟 3.on one's own 独自；单独 4.care about 关心 5.grow up 长大 6.from time to time 不时；偶尔  7.in low spirits 情绪低落  8.break the ice 打破僵局 9.turn A into B 把A变成B  10.stick to 坚持 11.even though 即使；纵然；虽然 12.take deep breaths 深呼吸  13.bad moods 坏情绪，坏心情  14.offer help 提供帮助  15.get nervous 变得紧张  16.make up with sb 与某人重归就好，与某人和解  17.set a time limit 设定时间限制  18.cheer oneself up 使自己振作起来  19.pay attention to 专心；集中注意力  20.all the time 始终，一直  21.take exams 考试  22.cool down 冷静下来  23.at a time 一次；每次  24.take a break 休息  25.argue with sb about sth 和某人争论某事  26.be strict with sb 对某人严格  27.set a password 设置密码  28.in a mess 一团糟  29.get off the phone 挂电话  30.have a conversation with sb. 和某人谈话  31.go wrong 出毛病；发生故障；弄错  第二部分 拓展练习 一、单词拼写 1．When I’m too angry, (control) myself is not an easy thing. 2． (when) you need help, please call me for help. 3．His brother has never (offer) to help other people. 4．You won’t (success), unless you part with your phone. 5．Don’t trouble him. He (enter) the information into the computer. 6．The boy doesn’t show good manners to others. He is (polite) 7．—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 8．We will put off the sports meeting if it (rain) tomorrow. 9．I believe you (achieve) your dream if you keep on working hard. 10．They didn’t trust him because he was a/an man. (honesty) 11．It’s not (fairness) for me to do so much work. 12．A (strange) offered to help us when our car broke down on the way. 13．Grandpa lives in the countryside by himself, but he doesn’t feel (lone) because he has three dogs. 14．Sarah (receive) his gift if Chen apologizes to you sincerely. 15．They really don’t know how (care) for the sick children. 16． (fail) twice, he doesn’t want to try a third time. 17．.Jim, did you go (somewhere) interesting last Saturday? 18．Look at his pale face. He seems (health) and he needs to do sports more often. 19．If a person (across) the river of difficulty, he will see a different beauty. 20．If you don’t give up when you meet difficulties, you (make ) your dreams come true. 21．I’m sure if Bob (have) time, he’ll come to see you. 22．—What will you do if there is a fire? —I (call) 119 for help. 23．Please wake me up if Susan (come) back. 24．Anna isn’t as (lazy) as Tina. Anna always gets up at 6:30 a.m. 25．If it (not snow), Bob (play) football with me tomorrow. 二、完成句子 26．她长大后想当一名动物医生。 She wants to be an animal doctor when she . 27．不管他说些什么，你都不要信任他。 Don’t him, no matter what he says. 28．他有时在家帮着做家务。 He sometimes at home. 29．我们知道老师们真的都很关心我们。 We know teachers really us. 30．虽然珠穆朗玛峰很危险，但许多人想努力去攀登。 Many people try to climb Mount Qomolangma it is dangerous. 31．即使你没有赢，你今天仍然干得不错。 you didn’t win, you still did a great job today. 32．“我想到了，熊会被坚果吸引，”Sam兴奋地说。 “I’ve got it. The bear by the nuts,” Sam said excitedly. 33．如果不放弃你的手机，你是不会成功的。 You won’t you part with your phone. 34．他独自完成这个漫画创作，真了不起！ It’s great him to draw this cartoon . 35．我们需要有人打破这种僵局。 We need someone to . 36．如果碰到麻烦，要赶紧向人求救。 If you , don’t hesitate to ask for help. 37．他想学习怎样操控那些木偶。 He wants to learn the puppets. 38．如果我不去医院，会发生什么？ What if I don’t go to the hospital? 39．除非我很忙，否则我每天会挑选一些词卡来练习英语。 I some word cards to practise English I am very busy every day. 40．除非你听从我的建议，否则你会感觉很难受。 You will feel bad you . 41．作为一名老师，李老师关心所有的学生，所以他们非常喜欢她。 As a teacher, Mrs. Li all her students, so they like her very much. 42．如果明天下大雪，我们可能会放假。 If it tomorrow, we may have a day off. 43．托尼偶尔玩电脑游戏。 Tony plays computer games . 44．我发现学习英语很有趣。 I find learn English. 45．他们在火车上提供热水。 They on the train. 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 Friends are important in our life, because everyone wants to make friends 46 (easy). However, some people have some 47 (difficulty) in making friends and they often feel lonely. What’s the reason (原因) behind that? Some scientists 48 (介词) Chicago University say, the reason is that this kind of people have brains (脑) different from common people. And they often feel unsafe 49 (连词) they meet strangers. Does that mean they have no way to become 50 (happy) again? No, don’t worry. Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people solve this problem. They provided four steps (步骤) for 51 (get) out of loneliness. The first step is to accept social invitations although you don’t want to go. “It’s not enough for people just to stay in touch with others online. That’s because most people don’t show 52 (they) true selves there,” said Dr. Cacioppo, one of this study’s scientists. Another step is to get 53 (冠词) action plan. As “Actions speak louder than words”, people need to be active to communicate with others. They also need to meet people with the same 54 (interesting). Also, they should try to expect the best from each activity. Anyway, “Tomorrow is another day”. Who 55 (know) what good things are waiting for us? 参考答案 一、 1．controlling 【解析】句意：当我太生气的时候，控制自己不是一件容易的事。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词形式，作主语。故填controlling。 2．Whenever 【解析】句意：无论什么时候你需要帮助，请打电话给我。根据“please call me for help”可知，此处是说无论何时你需要帮助。whenever“无论何时”，引导让步状语从句。故填Whenever。 3．offered 【解析】句意：他的兄弟从未主动帮助其他人。根据句中“has never”可知，句子使用的是现在完成时，动词需用过去分词形式。故填offered。 4．succeed 【解析】句意：除非你放弃你的手机，否则你不会成功。根据“You won’t…unless you part with your phone.”可知，won’t后接动词原形，success为名词，其动词形式为succeed，意为“成功”。故填succeed。 5．is entering 【解析】句意：别麻烦他。他正在把信息输入电脑。根据“Don’t trouble him. He…the information into the computer.”及提示词可知，句子为现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+doing，句子主语为he，助动词应选择is。故填is entering。 6．impolite 【解析】句意：这个男孩对别人没有表示好的礼节。他很不礼貌。根据“The boy doesn’t show good manners to others. He is…”及提示词可知，空处指的是不礼貌，形容词impolite“不礼貌的”，在句子中作表语。故填impolite。 7．were offered 【解析】句意：——你对昨天社区的活动有什么看法？——很棒，提供了很多有用的自我保护技巧。根据主语“a lot of useful tips on self-protection”与提示词可知，主语是动词的承受者，因此应用被动语态，根据“yesterday’s activity”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/ were done，主语为tips为复数形式，因此用were offered“被提供”，故填were offered。 8．rains 【解析】句意：如果明天下雨，我们将推迟运动会。分析句子结构可知，句子为含if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，符合“主将从现”原则，主句时态为一般将来时，则从句时态为一般现在时；从句主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式rains。故填rains。 9．will achieve 【解析】句意：我相信如果你继续努力，你会实现你的梦想。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时will do。故填will achieve。 10．dishonest 【解析】句意：他们不信任他，因为他是个不诚实的人。honesty“诚实”，名词。honest“诚实的”，形容词。根据“didn’t trust him”可知，他是个不诚实的人。故填honest的反义词dishonest。故填dishonest。 11．fair 【解析】句意：做这么多工作对我来说不公平。根据“It’s not… (fairness) for me to do so much work”可知，做这么多工作对我来说不公平。由“It’s”判断，此空应填形容词形式，fairness意为“公平”，名词，其形容词为fair，意为“公平的”。故填fair。 12．stranger 【解析】句意：我们的车在路上抛锚了，一个陌生人主动提出要帮助我们。根据“A...offered to help us”可知，此处应用单数名词stranger“陌生人”作主语，故填stranger。 13．lonely 【解析】句意：爷爷自己一个人住在乡下，但是他不感到孤独，因为他有三条狗。根据“he doesn’t feel...”可知，此处需填一个形容词，作表语。lone“单独的”，通常不带有感情色彩；lonely“孤独的，寂寞的”，带有较强感情色彩。故填lonely。 14．will receive 【解析】句意：如果陈真诚地向你道歉，莎拉会收到他的礼物。根据“if Chen apologizes to you sincerely”可知，此处考查if引导的条件状语从句的规则，遵循“主将从现”，即主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时，结合分析句子和所给词，此处时态为一般将来时，结构为：will+动词原形。故填will receive。 15．to care 【解析】句意：他们真的不知道如何照顾生病的孩子。分析句子可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语的结构，故填to care。 16．Having failed 【解析】句意：他已经失败了两次，不想再试第三次了。fail“失败”。根据“twice, he doesn’t want to try a third time”可知，已经失败两次了，故应用现在完成时，即have done的结构。分析句子成分可知，句子已有谓语动词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，空格处主语为主句主语he，“他”和“失败”为主动关系，且发生在主句谓语动词之前，故此处应用现在分词的完成时having failed，首字母h要大写。故填Having failed。 17．anywhere 【解析】句意：吉姆，上星期六你去什么有趣的地方了吗？somewhere在肯定句中表示某处，变成否定句或疑问句要用anywhere。故填anywhere。 18．unhealthy 【解析】句意：看看他苍白的脸。他看起来不健康，他需要经常做运动。根据“Look at his pale face.”可知，是unhealthy“不健康的”，故填unhealthy。 19．crosses 【解析】句意：如果一个人渡过难关，他会看到一种不同的美。If条件状语从句应遵从“主将从现”原则，从主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，主语a person为第三人称单数，空处谓语动词用三单形式，across“横过”介词，动词为cross。故填crosses。 20．will make 【解析】句意：如果你在遇到困难时不放弃，你就会实现你的梦想。根据“If you don’t give up when you meet difficulties”可知，句中为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，故主句用一般将来时will+do。故填will make。 21．has 【解析】句意：我确定如果Bob有时间，他会来看你。if引导的条件状语从句，满足“主将从现”，因此此空为从句中，应用一般现在时，Bob为主语，谓语动词用三单形式has。故填has。 22．will call 【解析】句意：——如果起火了你会做什么？——我会打119求助。分析句子可知空处在主句位置，if引导条件状语从句遵循主将从现。主句用一般将来时。故填will call。 23．comes 【解析】句意：如果苏珊回来了，记得叫醒我。分析句子可知，句子是由if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，Susan作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 24．lazy 【解析】句意：安娜没有蒂娜那么懒，安娜总是早上6:30起床。“not as+形容词或副词的原级+as”表示“不如……”，be动词后加形容词，lazy“懒的”是形容词。故填lazy。 25． doesn’t snow will play 【解析】句意：如果明天不下雪，鲍勃将和我去踢足球。分析句子可知，句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，it作主语，借助助动词doesn’t，后接动词原形。故填doesn’t snow；will play。 二、 26． grows up 【解析】“长大”grow up，句子是when引导的时间状语从句，根据主句时态，用一般现在时。从句主语是she，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式grows。故填grows；up。 27．trust 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，trust“信任”，动词；此句是以“Don’t”开头的祈使句，空处应用动词原形。故填trust。 28． helps with housework 【解析】根据中英文对应可知，需要翻译“帮着做家务”，help with housework“帮着做家务”，本句为一般现在时，主语是he，help使用三单形式helps。故填helps；with；housework。 29． care about 【解析】care about“关心”，此处为宾语从句的谓语，主语是复数“teachers”，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。故填care；about。 30． even though/if 【解析】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少“虽然……但是……”来引导让步状语从句。even though/if“尽管”，符合语境。故填even；though/if。 31． Even though/if 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，even though/if“即使”，引导让步状语从句。故填Even；though/if。 32． can be attracted 【解析】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“会被……吸引”；分析题干可知，此处考查含情态动词can的被动语态，其结构为can be done；attract“吸引”，动词，其过去分词为attracted。故填can；be；attracted。 33． succeed unless 【解析】succeed“成功”，动词；unless “如果不，除非”。won’t后跟动词原形。故填succeed；unless。 34． for on his own 【解析】it is adj. for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事怎么样”，是it的固定句型；on one’s own“独自”，此处的one’s为his。故填for；on；his；own。 35． break the ice 【解析】“打破这种僵局”break the ice，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填break；the；ice。 36． get in/into trouble 【解析】通过中英文句子的对照可知，英文句子中缺少“遇到麻烦”的表达；get in/into trouble“遇到麻烦”，固定词组；if引导条件状语从句，主句“don’t hesitate to ask for help”为祈使句，从句使用一般现在时，主语是you，所以用动词原形。故填get；in/into；trouble。 37． how to control 【解析】由中英文对比可知，缺少“如何操控”；how“如何”，疑问词，后接不定式，作动词learn的宾语；control“控制”，动词；how to control表示“如何操控”。故填how；to；control。 38． will happen 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“发生”，其英文表达是happen，句子含有if引导的条件状语从句，从句采用了一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时，其结构是will do。故填will；happen。 39． will pick out unless 【解析】对照中英文可知，空四填unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”；故前三空填“将挑选”，也就是“will pick out”。故填will；pick；out；unless。 40． unless follow my advice 【解析】根据题干可知，此处为unless“除非”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时；follow one’s advice表示“听从某人的建议”，主语为you，follow应用动词原形；my“我的”。故填unless；follow；my；advice。 41． cares about 【解析】根据中英文对照，care about表示“关心”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填cares；about。 42． snows heavily 【解析】if引导的条件状语从句，主句为“情态动词+动词原形”，从句用一般现在时。snow“下雪”，动词，主语是it，snow用三单形式；heavily是副词修饰动词，表示雪很大。故填snows；heavily。 43． from/once time/in to/a time/while 【解析】根据题干可知，空处含义为“偶尔”，用副词短语from time to time或once in a while表示。故填from/once；time/in；to/a；time/while。 44． it interesting to 【解析】分析句意和题干可知，此处是it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，结构为find it+形容词+to do sth。interesting“有趣的”。故填it；interesting；to。 45． offer hot water 【解析】offer sb sth“提供某人某物”，分析句子语境可知，句子应该是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形；hot water“热水”。故填offer；hot；water。 三、 46．easily 47．difficulties 48．from 49．when 50．happy 51．getting 52．their 53．an 54．interest/interests 55．knows 【解析】本文主要介绍朋友在我们的生活中是很重要的。然而，有些人在交朋友方面有困难，本文提供了摆脱孤独的步骤。 46．句意：朋友在我们的生活中很重要，因为每个人都想很容易地交到朋友。此处用来修饰动词make friends，应该用副词，easy的副词为easily。故填easily。 47．句意：然而，有些人在交朋友方面有一些困难，他们经常感到孤独。some后跟可数名词复数，difficulty的复数为difficulties。故填difficulties。 48．句意：芝加哥大学的一些科学家说，原因是这类人的大脑与普通人不同。题干中提到了“Chicago University”，这是一个地点名词，通常与介词“from”搭配，表示“来自……”。故填from。 49．句意：当他们遇到陌生人时，他们经常感到不安全。题干中需要一个连词来连接两个句子，表示“当他们遇到陌生人时，他们经常感到不安全”。when“当……时”符合，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 50．句意：这是否意味着他们没有办法再次快乐起来？题干中使用了“become”这个系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，而“happy”是一个形容词，表示“快乐的”。故填happy。 51．句意：他们提供了摆脱孤独的四个步骤。题干中“for”后面需要接动名词形式作为宾语，表示“为了……”，get的动名词形式是getting。故填getting。 52．句意：那是因为大多数人在那里都没有表现出真实的自我。题干中需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词“true selves”，表示“他们的真实自我”，they的形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 53．句意：另一步是制定行动计划。题干中需要一个冠词来修饰名词“action plan”，且该名词以元音音素开头，所以应使用不定冠词an。故填an。 54．句意：他们还需要认识有相同兴趣的人。根据“They also need to meet people with the same”可知，此处表达为有着共同兴趣爱好的人，此处应该用名词作宾语，而interesting是形容词，其名词形式是interest“兴趣”，空处可填可数名词单数形式也可填可数名词复数形式。故填interest/interests。 55．句意：谁知道有什么好事在等着我们呢？题干中的主语“Who”是单数第三人称，所以谓语动词需要使用三单knows。故填knows。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$