专题03 说明文阅读15篇（名校模拟+地区真题）-冲刺2025年中考英语必考题型终极预测（浙江专用）

冲刺2025年中考英语必考题型终极预测（浙江专用） 专题03 说明文阅读15篇（名校模拟+地区真题） （24-25九年级·浙江宁波·自主招生）Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, said the UK researchers. Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful (有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes. Ten healthy volunteers (志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs. The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo. The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity (神经活动), which caused coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness. 1．According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ________. A．cannot be as effective as codeine B．can be harmful to people’s health C．cannot be separated from chocolate D．can be a more effective cure for coughs 2．What was used in the experiment to cause coughing? A．Theobromine. B．Codeine. C．Capsaicin. D．Placebo. 3．We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment ________. A．were patients with bad coughs B．were divided into the three groups C．received standard treatments D．suffered little side effects 4．Did the volunteers and the researchers know who received which pill? A．Yes, they did. B．No, they didn’t. C．The volunteers knew. D．The researchers knew. 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Codeine: A New Medicine B．Chocolate May Cure Coughs C．Cough Treatment: A Hard Case D．Theobromine Can Cause Coughs （24-25九年级·浙江宁波·自主招生）Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members. However, parents often try to choose friends for their children. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is an interesting one. Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like? 1．Many teenagers think their ________ know them better than their parents do. A．friends B．teachers C．brothers and sisters D．classmates 2．When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to ________. A．go to their friends B．talk with their parents C．have a discussion with their family D．talk with their friends on the phone 3．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．Teenagers can only go to their friends for help. B．Parents should like everything their children enjoy. C．In all families, children can choose everything they like. D．Parents should try their best to understand their children better. 4．What is important in children’s growing up? A．Parents’ love. B．The communication with friends. C．Education in school. D．We don’t know. 5．The main idea of this passage is that ________. A．teenagers need good friends B．friends can give good advice C．parents often choose friends for their children D．good friends can communicate with each other （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）Countries around the world waste huge amounts of food every year: 37% of US food waste comes from households, and nearly one fifth of those food items are thrown away because we aren’t sure how to understand expiration dates (保质期). In fact, many foods are still safe to eat past their expiration dates. If the dates on our foods don’t tell us that something’s gone bad, what do they tell us? Before the 20th century, foods were sent to us directly from the farms, and many people knew how to tell freshness using sight, smell, and touch. But when supermarkets began selling processed (加工的) foods, product ages became harder to judge. So, in the1970s, supermarkets used packaging codes (包装代码) to track how long foods had been on the shelves. Later, they used a system that is still popular today called Open Dating, which means food producers labeled (标记) products with dates showing freshness. In fact, there are usually no rules or any scientific support about what dates to use. Most supermarkets set these dates early, ensuring customers will taste their food at the best and come back for more. This means many foods are safe to eat far beyond their labeled dates. Old cookies, potatoes, and other shelf-stable foods might taste stale (不新鲜的), but they aren’t a health risk. If they go bad, your nose will let you know. Of course,   ▲ . Some foods had better be eaten up within the expiration dates. After the printed dates, ready-to-eat salads, cooked meats, cheeses are more likely to carry bacteria (细菌) that can still pass a smell or taste test. And the dates for baby foods must be checked strictly. Since the expiration dates sometimes don’t work, the best way to prevent food waste is to cat what you buy! And don’t forget that your eyes, nose, and tongue are helpful to decide whether the food is fit for the table or the trash bin. 1．How does the writer lead in the topic at the beginning? A．By doing a survey. B．By comparing facts. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing opinions. 2．What does Para 2 mainly tell us? A．It tells how the food expiration labels developed. B．It tells how people told the freshness of the food before. C．It tells what system is still used in the supermarket now. D．It tells what we can know from the food expiration dates. 3．What can be the best to fill in the ▲ in Paragraph 4? A．The supermarkets sometimes make mistakes. B．You are better safe than being sorry in some cases. C．You can smell or taste the food to check the freshness. D．It’s better not to waste the food after the expiration dates. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）LYING FLAT FOR SPACE SCIENCE You would think that no one would pay someone just to lie in bed. However, this is exactly what happened in a recent experiment held by the European Space Agency. They wanted to study how living in space could influence an astronaut’s body. The volunteers can’t leave their beds during the two-month study. This experiment is called “Bedrest”. Let’s take a look. What do the volunteers do?The volunteers include 12 men aged between 20 and 45. The bed is tilted (倾斜) towards the head end, usually at 6 degrees. At least one shoulder should be touching the bed at all times, including during meals, showers and toilet visits. The researchers monitor how their bodies react. Why upside-down?The volunteers are in a slightly upside-down position, and blood starts to rush to their heads. Their moves are limited so their muscles are becoming weaker. This is what astronauts experience in space during long stays without gravity (重力). This position allows researchers to test methods to fight against negative aspects of living in space. A group of volunteers are also asked to “cycle” in bed. A bike-like machine is put at their feet, and their legs move as if riding a real bike. This is a common exercise on space stations. 1．How long should the volunteers stay in bed during the study? A．20 days. B．30 days. C．45 days. D．60 days. 2．What information can you learn from this experiment? A．It was organized by the American Space Agency. B．It’s a common sport to ride a real bike on space stations. C．There were both young women and men volunteers in the experiment. D．The volunteer couldn’t let his shoulders leave the bed at the same time. 3．Why did the researchers do the experiment? A．They wanted to choose the best astronauts for the space travel. B．They tried to find out ways to help astronauts live in space better. C．They wanted to test if the astronauts could finish the space travel. D．They wanted to design proper beds for astronauts to rest in space. （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）Schools around the world try new teaching methods to prepare students for the future. While traditional classes focus on textbooks and exams, project learning—where students work in groups to solve real-life problems—has become a popular choice. But does it truly help students? Recent studies suggest it does, but success depends on how it is used. In 2023, researchers in Shanghai studied 1,200 middle school students. Half joined project-based classes, working on solutions for community problems like recycling or traffic safety. The other half continued with regular lessons. After six months, project learners showed 20% higher scores in teamwork problem-solving, and creativity compared to traditional learners. One student said, “I finally understood math when we used it to plan a budget for our recycling project.” Teachers also added, “Students asked more questions and remembered lessons longer,” said Ms. Wang, a science teacher. In other cities, some students find it hard to balance project work with exam preparation. For example, a Beijing school reported that 30% of students felt stressed managing both tasks. In poor areas, limited resources make projects harder. A village school in Guangxi tried a farming project but had no tools to test soil quality. “We wanted to teach science, but we couldn’t afford basic equipment,” explained a teacher. Dr. Zhang, an education expert, explained “Project learning should help, not replace traditional lessons. The key is to help students connect knowledge with practical use.” For example, a coastal school in Hainan deepened students’ understanding of ocean life by having them interview local fishermen. So students need good basic knowledge as well as skills to apply what they learn to real situations. With careful planning, schools can carry out project learning effectively, making students not only perform well on exams but also develop good problem-solving skills for life beyond the classroom. 1．How did project learning students study at school? A．They sat in rows and took notes in class. B．They worked in groups to solve problems. C．They learned textbooks and took exams. D．They attended both real and online lessons. 2．What advantage did project learners show in the Shanghai study? A．They achieved better grades in final exams. B．They communicated more with math teachers. C．They improved creativity and teamwork skills. D．They enjoyed their project-based lessons a lot. 3．What problem do some students in Beijing have about project learning? A．They feel stressed balancing projects and exams. B．They hardly find meaningful real-life projects. C．They cannot get resources like scientific tools. D．They receive less support from their teachers. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Preparation for the future: learn to be creative B．Preparation for the future: balance study and life C．Project learning: help students get higher scores D．Project learning: work with traditional education （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试） Ailao Mountain, located in Yunnan, China, has an average height of over 2,000 meters. Over 300 years ago, the famous Chinese traveler Xu Xiake explored many mountains and rivers, but he got lost here! Even some professional geologists (地质学家) have disappeared in this area. However, for hundreds of years, the silent mountain forests have welcomed one group of visitors after another. The local, Hani people, who live in this area, work hard to grow crops in the secret and lonely land. To do so, they have built beautiful terraced fields (梯田) that climb up the mountainside. As they work, you can hear their voices of “Heiyo! Heiyo!” echoing through the valleys. Geologists also visit Ailao Mountain to study its extraordinary environment. The mountain includes six different climate zones, making it perfect for millions’ of plants to grow. Ancient trees grow as tall as buildings, and giant “ghost flowers” with special shapes bloom throughout the area. Biologists come too, listening to the sounds of nature. The calls of birds can often be heard, as if the birds are communicating with each other. If you’re lucky, you might hear a special “trio (三重唱)” of sounds from male, female and baby gibbons (长臂猿). It is both a wonderland of natural sights and a place full of danger for humans. The paths can be quite challenging, especially for those who are not experienced hikers. The sudden strong winds and thick foes are common, which may make you lose your way in the forests. So follow the safety signs and walk along marked paths. It is also recommended to travel with a guide who knows the area well. Ailao Mountain is truly a place where nature and culture meet in an exciting and sometimes dangerous way. Whether you’re an adventurer, photographer, or nature lover, Ailao Mountain offers something special for everyone. Plan your trip carefully and enjoy this unforgettable experience. 1．Why has Ailao Mountain been so popular with visitors for hundreds of years? A．It is a good place to take photos. B．There are a lot of wild men in it. C．Several people have disappeared in it. D．The nature sights are special here. 2．What does the underlined word “extraordinary” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．comfortable B．amazing C．peaceful D．dangerous 3．What might you come across in Ailao Mountain if you visit there? A．Hani People building terraced fields. B．Some very huge trees and flowers. C．Sounds of “Heiyo! Heiyo” from the birds. D．Strong winds and heavy rains in forests. 4．What safety advice does the writer give to visitors according to the passage? ①Walk along paths with safety signs. ②Stay with your group all the time. ③Stay away from the wild animals. ④Go with a good guide. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ （24-25九年级·浙江绍兴·自主招生）About twenty years ago, the tiny Sikkim carried out an experiment to end pesticides (杀虫剂) on every farm in the state, a move which didn’t happen before in India and probably the world. The change was especially important for India, where progress in agriculture was shown by the introduction of chemical fertilizers (肥料) and pesticides. But with the use of pesticides, people will come an increase in cancer rates in industrial farming areas. Rivers and soil became polluted and infertile. Sikkim’s leaders said they were driven to go all-organic (有机的) by those concerns and because pesticide residues (残渣)—including some chemicals not allowed in other countries—were polluting fish, vegetables and rice. In the years since the change to organic farming, Sikkim has stopped using pesticides and chemical fertilizers, which helped farmers in making about 190,000 acres (英亩) of organic farmland and prevented the import of many non-organic vegetables from other states. The change has not always been easy: some farmers have complained that their crop production has decreased and that they haven’t gotten enough support from the government. Demand for organic food is high in India and growing fast. Concern about pesticides and desire for organic food are encouraging a market that is growing 25 percent a year, more than 16 percent globally, according to a study by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India. The country’s market for packaged organic products was nearly 8 million dollars now and was expected to top 12 million dollars by 2020, the study showed. “This is a big moment for India,” said Radha Mohan Singh, the country’s Minister of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. So far the government has accepted Sikkim and organic farming throughout India, putting about 119 million dollars into supporting farmers all over the country. “The approach Sikkim has started will be used by the whole world tomorrow,” Sikkim’s chief minister Pawan Kumar Chamling said, “This is our choice!” 1．Why did the Indian state of Sikkim stop using pesticides gradually? A．Because pesticides were harmful to soil, crops and other living things. B．Because people there made no progress by using pesticides. C．Because people learned this lesson from other countries. D．Because the Indian government ordered people to do so. 2．How is the organic farming going in Sikkim? A．The change to organic farming is the most difficult. B．Crop production on organic farming has increased. C．Not all the farmers in Sikkim like organic farming. D．Indian government still has not accepted the organic farming. 3．What does the numbers in Paragraph 4 show? A．The country’s market for organic products are decreasing. B．The plan for organic products has changed many times. C．The study on organic products is encouraging. D．Organic products has a big market in India. 4．What is Pawan Kumar Chamling’s attitude towards Sikkim’s organic farming? A．Unsatisfied. B．Supportive. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned. （24-25九年级·浙江绍兴·自主招生）Every spring, people in the US seem to go crazy. At homes, schools and offices across the country, people are glued to their TVs, watching basketball. They call it “March Madness”. Why do they go mad for basketball each year? It’s because in March, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) holds its championship tournament. This year, it began on March 17, including teams from 64 schools. It’s no secret that Americans love sports, but this basketball event is so special that even casual fans get excited. It begins with 350 schools in 32 regional groups, called “conferences”. Starting in the first week of March, the conferences hold their own tournaments and the winners get invited to the NCAA tournament. The other 32 teams, who played well during the season, are invited by a committee. Next, the committee puts the teams into four groups of 16. The teams are ranked in their groups. No.1 ranked teams always play against No.16, No.2 against No.15, No.3 against No.14—you get the idea! With the match-ups set, madness takes over. In the tournament’s biggest tradition, people of all ages try to guess the winners of every tournament game. Some people make bets with their classmates or co-workers, while others just do it for fun. Each correct pick earns points, and the person with the most points wins the contest. Because of this, people want to watch and cheer every game. With so many teams and so many games, there’s always a chance that an underdog1． That’s the magic of March Madness, where even small schools have a chance to win big. 1．What do we know about the NCAA championship tournament? A．It starts in the first week of March. B．There are 32 teams in the tournament. C．The teams are divided into six groups. D．There are two ways to get into the tournament. 2．In the tournament, which teams will fight against No.9 teams? A．No.5 teams. B．No.6 teams. C．No.7 teams. D．No.8 teams. 3．What’s the biggest tradition of the tournament? A．Some famous people are invited to host the game. B．Players with the most points will get a big reward. C．People love to predict which team will win the game. D．Each team will give a basketball show before the game. 4．What do the underlined words “an underdog” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．A lazy dog. B．A black sheep. C．A cold fish. D．A dark horse. （24-25九年级·浙江宁波·自主招生）This information will help you have an enjoyable and safe holiday. DRIVER TIREDNESS Every year, hundreds of travelers are killed or injured because drivers are sleepy or fall asleep at the wheel. If you choose to drive long distances, avoid (避免) driver tiredness in these ways: ·Take a break every 2 hours. ·Share the driving. ·Make sure that you are well rested before you start a long trip. ·Avoid driving late at night or early in the morning which are the times when you would normally be asleep. SEAT BELTS Everyone in the car must wear a seat belt. It is the law. Children are not safe sitting in the front seat or on an adult’s knees. Babies under the age of six months, and small children need special child seat belts. Many garages have special safety seat belt fitting stations which can help parents to fix these seat belts correctly. ·For the location of your nearest station call 1800042765. SPEED LIMITS Speeding gives you less time to react to an emergency (紧急情况). It also increases the crash (撞车) of accidents. The general speed limit is 60 km per hour in areas with street lights. Always look out for sign-posted speed limits; The maximum (highest) speed limit is 100 km per hour on most open roads. Remember: You may need to drive more slowly in wet weather. MOTORWAYS Because traffic travels at high speeds on motorways, you must be especially careful. Remember: ·Don’t stop on a motorway except in an emergency. If you must stop, move off the roadway completely. ·Don’t make a U-turn or go backwards on a motorway. ·Keep to the left unless overtaking (超车). 1．Which of the following is against the traffic law? A．Driving with a baby in the car. B．Driving two hours without taking a break. C．Driving at 40 km per hour without a seat belt. D．Keeping to the left when driving on motorways. 2．Which is NOT talked about in the passage? A．Speed limit. B．Safety warnings on motorways. C．The importance of seat belt. D．Safety tips for long distance driving. 3．What is the best title of the passage? A．Dangerous Driving B．Getting There Safely C．Enjoying Your Holiday D．Improving Your Driving 4．Which is likely to cause traffic accidents according to the passage? A．Driving long distances in turn. B．Driving while making a telephone call. C．Driving fast on rainy days. D．Driving within the speed limit. 5．From the passage we can know the traffic rules are most probably for the people ________. A．in New York B．in London C．in Hong Kong D．all above （2025·浙江温州·一模） From lunch boxes and drinking bottles to furniture and clothes, plastic is used to make lots of everyday things. When these things are thrown away, some of them end up in the seas. The plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics were invented to deal with this problem. Biodegradable plastics can break down naturally, but the new problem is they can not break down completely in the sea. Instead, they break down into very small pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds and other animals. The microplastics are known to be harmful. Recently, scientists have invented a new kind of plastic which could help solve this microplastic problem. It was created by researchers at the RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science in Japan. Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully dissolves (溶解) in salty seawater. When the new plastic dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances (物质). And then small living things in seawater can break them down completely. Studies have shown that the plastic can break down in a few hours in seawater, and in around 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other benefits, too. It is not poisonous. When it is burned, the gas (气体) it produces won’t pollute the environment. The plastic can be made hard or shaped into different forms at temperatures above 120℃, so it could be used to make various kinds of things. Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said the new plastic is “strong and recyclable”, and can be used in lots of ways, for example, in replacing single-use plastics. Joaquin Martinez Urreaga, from Polytechnic University of Madrid, called the idea “a promising product to deal with marine pollution”. 1．What is the disadvantage of biodegradable plastics? A．They’re unable to break down naturally. B．They used much seawater to break down. C．It takes long time for them to break down. D．The microplastics they produce harm animals. 2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The microplastics. B．Separate substances. C．Small living things. D．Biodegradable plastics. 3．How does the passage show the benefits of the new kind of plastic? ①By telling stories. ②By raising questions. ③By giving facts. ④By offering opinions. A．①③ B．①② C．③④ D．②④ 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell the value of plastic. B．To show the products of plastic. C．To introduce a new kind of plastic. D．To explain the problems of plastic. （2025·浙江温州·一模）①Many countries have special days to celebrate independence. For example, Independence Day in the United States falls on July 4th. In Chile, people celebrate the Fiestas Patrias on September 18th. The Fiestas Patrias is such an important holiday that it is celebrated for two days, on September 18th and 19th. ②Chile was under the rule of another country for 300 years. It officially proclaimed (宣布) independence on February 12th, 1818. Although people in Chile fought for eight years to get total freedom, they still think of the day, September 18th in 1810, as their first step toward independence. That’s why people celebrate this day and Chile’s identity (身份认同) as its own country. ③How is the Fiestas Patrias celebrated? During this holiday, many schools and shops close for a week so people can celebrate with their families. People dress in Chilean clothes and start celebrations with traditional parties. One of the most important activities at the parties is La Cueca, a national dance. The dance is performed in pairs, usually a man and a woman. The pairs hold hands, dancing with a cloth in hand. And they stomp (跺脚) and circle each other. ④There are other outdoor activities. People ride horses and also play a game called Rayuela, which is played with a hard disc (圆盘). Both kids and adults make or buy paper kites and fly them during the celebrations. People also enjoy dishes with a lot meat like beef and sausages during the holiday. ⑤All in all, the Fiestas Patrias shows Chilean spirits and way of life. It is a great time to visit Chile and experience Chilean culture, food, and fun. 1．What is the Fiestas Patrias? A．It is a celebration in July. B．It is a two-week holiday. C．It is an independence day. D．It is a public holiday in the US. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The history of the Fiestas Patrias. B．The activities about the Fiestas Patrias. C．The people who prepare for the Fiestas Patrias. D．The places where people celebrate the Fiestas Patrias. 3．Which picture shows La Cueca in Paragraph 3? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． （24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末） It makes our fingers look ugly. It’s dirty. It could hurt a lot. But many people just can’t stop doing it: biting their nails. Up to 45 percent of teenagers in the UK bite their nails, the BBC reported. Some people bite a nail not because it’s too long, but because they are driving, feeling stressed out, or just have nothing else to do. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association identified nail biting as a symptom (症状) of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). People with this disorder may wash their hands too many times or have to line up their shoes in a certain way. Although nail biting has some things in common with other symptoms of OCD, it is different from other OCD behaviors in at least one way. “In OCD, the behavior is really unwanted,” said psychiatrist Carol Mathews. People with OCD don’t want to wash their hands over and over again. There is no fun in it. They just fear that if they aren’t busy doing something, something bad might happen to them. But nail biters enjoy this activity. “It’s rewarding. When you get the right nail, it feels good,” said Mathews. Therefore some people argue that most nail biters do not have any kind of serious mental illness. However, it’s still a bad habit. So what can we do to stop it? Since most people bite nails as a way of relieving (缓解) stress, finding another way to relieve that stress could be useful, suggested Rochelle Torgerson, a doctor at the Mayo Clinic in the US. For example, some people might play with a pen instead. Nail biters feel the urge (刺激, 冲动) to bite if they find a small imperfect part of the nail, said Mathews. So always keep your nails in good shape. 1．Which of the following behaviors is a symptom of OCD? A．Keeping your nails in good shape. B．Cutting nails to make them short. C．Lining things up in a certain way. D．Washing your hands before each meal. 2．What does the writer try to tell us in Paragraphs 4-6? A．The common behaviors people with OCD often show. B．Nail-biters don’t have any kind of serious mental illness. C．People with OCD enjoy doing things over and over again. D．The difference between nail-biting and other OCD behaviors. 3．Which suggestion for how to stop nail-biting is mentioned in the passage? A．Keep your nails in good shape. B．Giving up nail-biting and work hard. C．Find another way to release your stress. D．Biting your nails instead of playing with a pen. 4．What is the best title of this passage? A．How to stop biting nails B．Biting could be worrying C．The cause of nail biting D．Keep your nails in good shape （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）When the weather turns cold, we usually stay indoors for a long time. “Colds and the flu are easy to catch and spread quickly inside. But they’re not the only winter health risks.” Dr. Dovico, a doctor who takes care of kids, says. “A large number of people notice a change in their feelings.” They may find they feel more tired and a little sad in winter. This is what we call the “winter blues”. That means your physical and mental health need more attention in the winter months. The main cause of the winter blues is the low exposure (暴露) to sunlight. Sunlight is important for our physical health. It helps our body make vitamin D, which can make our immune system (免疫系统) stronger and help our bones grow better. And it may help when we’re feeling down. Dr. Dovico told us, “The sun tells our brain to send a special thing called serotonin (血清素) to our body. That is what puts us in a good feeling.” “Try to spend time playing and having fun outside even if it is cold,” Dr. Dovico says, “Be sure to keep warm. But come in if you get too cold! Even 20 minutes of sun can make a difference.” For those unable to get sunlight, there are a lot of indoor activities such as indoor cycling, doing an art project, doing some simple exercises at home, or even getting together with a friend. It’s normal to experience the winter blues. But if you can’t beat them, talk to a trusted adult about how you feel. They can help us better control our feelings and enjoy the cold months. 1．Which of the following activity can help us make vitamin D? A． B． C． D． 2．How long of sun exposure can make a difference according to Dr. Dovico? A．Five minutes. B．Ten minutes. C．Fifteen minutes. D．Twenty minutes. 3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “blues” in Para 1? A．Mary is wearing a beautiful blue dress. B．Mary’s knees were black and blue after the fight. C．Mary was in blues because she lost her wallet. D．Mary blues all the walls of her bedroom. 4．Which of the following might Dr. Dovico agree with? A．Staying indoors will get away from colds and the flu. B．Sunlight is only important for our physical health. C．The “winter blues” should be kept to ourselves. D．Indoor activities also do good to the “winter blues”. （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末） Peter, a high school student in Beijing, has a new helper this year. Whenever he meets problems in his study, he will turn to Ernie Bot and type some key words. In less than a minute, the helper provides an answer that he needs. This new helper is a chatbot which is a computer program that you can “talk” to. When asked a question, chatbots search the Internet, collect information and provide an answer. The powerful technology uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help students solve science problems, create writing, and do homework. In fact, chatbots are becoming more and more important for teaching and learning. In a recent survey, 89 percent of students have used chatbots to help them do homework. In Gig Harbor, Washington, students used chatbots to write math raps, which they performed in a class competition. In Scotland, a teacher used chatbots to help students who are not good at English. Chatbots can be good in some ways, but it could also go wrong. With chatbots, it can be hard to know what is real and what is made-up. And students will cheat on their homework. Students will stop thinking for themselves and depend too much on chatbots. This will not be good, because teachers won’t know if students really know. Teachers are too busy to check whether students used a chatbot or not. Of course, people would say chatbots can also help teachers by grading (评分) papers and tests quickly, but they might make mistakes. It’s better if a human reviews schoolwork. At the heart of this discussion is an important question: How much chatbots will change schooling? Only time will tell. 1．From the passage we can know Ernie Bot is ______. A．a computer B．a teacher C．a chatbot D．a student 2．The writer shows the importance of chatbots in schooling by ______ in Para 2. A．giving examples B．asking questions C．using famous sayings D．telling stories 3．Some people are against using chatbots in schooling because ______. A．teachers will use chatbots to check homework B．teachers will help students with their study C．students will make more mistakes in homework D．students will develop a habit of being dishonest 4．The writer is ______ about the future of using chatbots in schooling. A．worried B．excited C．uncertain D．disappointed （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）At the Jinzhong National Agricultural High-Tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Shanxi province, some truly “out-of-this-world” work is going on. Some upland rice seeds (旱稻种子) that experienced “space breeding (育种)” have grown up there. The upland rice seeds were taken to the Tiangong space station by the Shenzhou XVI members in May 2023. There, they experienced space radiation (辐射) and microgravity (微重力), which caused genetic mutations (基因突变). After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct 31. Scientists studied the mutations. They found that some of the mutations gave the seeds qualities that farmers prefer, such as higher production, faster growth without illness. “For space breeding, the space environment holds great value, which cannot be copied on Earth,” Professor Dong Qi from Shanxi Agricultural University said. “Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,” he added. He explained that these space seeds may look the same on the outside but go through important changes on the inside. Space breeding, however, is not a simple task. Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true “space seeds”. The high-tech area in Jinzhong has long been working with China’s space program. Located in Shanxi, which has a dry weather. This is the perfect environment for growing and spreading new kinds of upland rice. The journey of Chinese crop seeds into space began in 1987. Since then, over 3,000 space breeding experiments have gone on, resulting in more than 240 main grain (谷物) kinds and over 400 new types of vegetables, fruits, trees, grasses, and flowers. 1．How long did the upland rice seeds stay in space? A．At least one year. B．For only a week. C．Less than two months. D．Around five months. 2．What can we infer from what Professor Dong Qi said? A．The traditional breeding is the same as the space breeding. B．The space breeding might take about four to five years. C．The space seeds look different both outside and inside. D．The environment on earth is better than that in space. 3．How can the seeds become the true “space seeds”? ①The seeds are tested.           ②The seeds are chosen. ③The seeds are sent to the space.      ④ The seeds return from the space. A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．④①③② 4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To introduce the background. B．To lead out a saying. C．To give a conclusion. D．To begin a new topic. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 冲刺2025年中考英语必考题型终极预测（浙江专用） 专题03 说明文阅读15篇（名校模拟+地区真题） （24-25九年级·浙江宁波·自主招生）Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, said the UK researchers. Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful (有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes. Ten healthy volunteers (志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs. The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo. The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity (神经活动), which caused coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness. 1．According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ________. A．cannot be as effective as codeine B．can be harmful to people’s health C．cannot be separated from chocolate D．can be a more effective cure for coughs 2．What was used in the experiment to cause coughing? A．Theobromine. B．Codeine. C．Capsaicin. D．Placebo. 3．We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment ________. A．were patients with bad coughs B．were divided into the three groups C．received standard treatments D．suffered little side effects 4．Did the volunteers and the researchers know who received which pill? A．Yes, they did. B．No, they didn’t. C．The volunteers knew. D．The researchers knew. 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Codeine: A New Medicine B．Chocolate May Cure Coughs C．Cough Treatment: A Hard Case D．Theobromine Can Cause Coughs 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国研究人员发现巧克力中的一种成分——可可碱在止咳方面比目前被认为最有效的止咳药可待因更为有效。 1．细节理解题。根据“Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.” 可知，可可碱比可待因更有效地止咳。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.”可知，实验中使用了辣椒素来引发咳嗽。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ten healthy volunteers (志愿者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment.”可知，志愿者被分成了三组，分别接受 可可碱、可待因或安慰剂。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill.”可知，志愿者和研究人员都不知道谁接受了哪种药丸。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，尤其是“Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, said the UK researchers.”可知，文章主要讨论了巧克力中的成分 可可碱可能成为更有效的止咳药物。故选B。 （24-25九年级·浙江宁波·自主招生）Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members. However, parents often try to choose friends for their children. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is an interesting one. Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like? 1．Many teenagers think their ________ know them better than their parents do. A．friends B．teachers C．brothers and sisters D．classmates 2．When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to ________. A．go to their friends B．talk with their parents C．have a discussion with their family D．talk with their friends on the phone 3．Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A．Teenagers can only go to their friends for help. B．Parents should like everything their children enjoy. C．In all families, children can choose everything they like. D．Parents should try their best to understand their children better. 4．What is important in children’s growing up? A．Parents’ love. B．The communication with friends. C．Education in school. D．We don’t know. 5．The main idea of this passage is that ________. A．teenagers need good friends B．friends can give good advice C．parents often choose friends for their children D．good friends can communicate with each other 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年都认为朋友是他们生活中最重要的人，当他们有了烦恼，他们会选择向朋友进行倾诉。 1．细节理解题。根据“They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do.”可知，很多青少年认为朋友比父母更了解他们。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone.”可知，当青少年独自一人的时候，他们通常的交流方式是和朋友在电话上交谈。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do.”及“However, parents often try to choose friends for their children. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.”可知，青少年认为父母不及朋友了解他们，并且父母经常试图为孩子选择朋友甚至有些父母阻止孩子见他们的好朋友，由此可推知父母应该尝试着更好地去理解他们的孩子。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.”可知，在孩子的成长中和朋友交流是非常重要的。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青少年认为朋友比父母更了解他们，他们通常和朋友进行交流，而这种交流对孩子的成长很重要，因此青少年需要好朋友。故选A。 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）Countries around the world waste huge amounts of food every year: 37% of US food waste comes from households, and nearly one fifth of those food items are thrown away because we aren’t sure how to understand expiration dates (保质期). In fact, many foods are still safe to eat past their expiration dates. If the dates on our foods don’t tell us that something’s gone bad, what do they tell us? Before the 20th century, foods were sent to us directly from the farms, and many people knew how to tell freshness using sight, smell, and touch. But when supermarkets began selling processed (加工的) foods, product ages became harder to judge. So, in the1970s, supermarkets used packaging codes (包装代码) to track how long foods had been on the shelves. Later, they used a system that is still popular today called Open Dating, which means food producers labeled (标记) products with dates showing freshness. In fact, there are usually no rules or any scientific support about what dates to use. Most supermarkets set these dates early, ensuring customers will taste their food at the best and come back for more. This means many foods are safe to eat far beyond their labeled dates. Old cookies, potatoes, and other shelf-stable foods might taste stale (不新鲜的), but they aren’t a health risk. If they go bad, your nose will let you know. Of course,   ▲ . Some foods had better be eaten up within the expiration dates. After the printed dates, ready-to-eat salads, cooked meats, cheeses are more likely to carry bacteria (细菌) that can still pass a smell or taste test. And the dates for baby foods must be checked strictly. Since the expiration dates sometimes don’t work, the best way to prevent food waste is to cat what you buy! And don’t forget that your eyes, nose, and tongue are helpful to decide whether the food is fit for the table or the trash bin. 1．How does the writer lead in the topic at the beginning? A．By doing a survey. B．By comparing facts. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing opinions. 2．What does Para 2 mainly tell us? A．It tells how the food expiration labels developed. B．It tells how people told the freshness of the food before. C．It tells what system is still used in the supermarket now. D．It tells what we can know from the food expiration dates. 3．What can be the best to fill in the ▲ in Paragraph 4? A．The supermarkets sometimes make mistakes. B．You are better safe than being sorry in some cases. C．You can smell or taste the food to check the freshness. D．It’s better not to waste the food after the expiration dates. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了关于食品保质期的相关知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“37% of US food waste comes from households, and nearly one fifth of those food items are thrown away because we aren’t sure how to understand expiration dates (保质期).”可知，作者通过列举数字来引出食物浪费和保质期这个话题。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Before the 20th century... So, in the 1970s... Later...”可知，第二段主要讲述了食品保质期标签是如何发展的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Some foods had better be eaten up within the expiration dates. After the printed dates, ready-to-eat salads, cooked meats, cheeses are more likely to carry bacteria (细菌) that can still pass a smell or taste test.”可知，有些食物最好在保质期内吃完，过了保质期可能会有细菌，所以有些情况还是小心为妙。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出食物浪费和保质期的话题；第二段讲述食品保质期标签的发展；第三段说明保质期的意义；第四段指出有些食物过了保质期也不能吃；最后一段给出避免食物浪费的建议。整体是“总—分—总”结构。C选项符合。故选C。 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）LYING FLAT FOR SPACE SCIENCE You would think that no one would pay someone just to lie in bed. However, this is exactly what happened in a recent experiment held by the European Space Agency. They wanted to study how living in space could influence an astronaut’s body. The volunteers can’t leave their beds during the two-month study. This experiment is called “Bedrest”. Let’s take a look. What do the volunteers do?The volunteers include 12 men aged between 20 and 45. The bed is tilted (倾斜) towards the head end, usually at 6 degrees. At least one shoulder should be touching the bed at all times, including during meals, showers and toilet visits. The researchers monitor how their bodies react. Why upside-down?The volunteers are in a slightly upside-down position, and blood starts to rush to their heads. Their moves are limited so their muscles are becoming weaker. This is what astronauts experience in space during long stays without gravity (重力). This position allows researchers to test methods to fight against negative aspects of living in space. A group of volunteers are also asked to “cycle” in bed. A bike-like machine is put at their feet, and their legs move as if riding a real bike. This is a common exercise on space stations. 1．How long should the volunteers stay in bed during the study? A．20 days. B．30 days. C．45 days. D．60 days. 2．What information can you learn from this experiment? A．It was organized by the American Space Agency. B．It’s a common sport to ride a real bike on space stations. C．There were both young women and men volunteers in the experiment. D．The volunteer couldn’t let his shoulders leave the bed at the same time. 3．Why did the researchers do the experiment? A．They wanted to choose the best astronauts for the space travel. B．They tried to find out ways to help astronauts live in space better. C．They wanted to test if the astronauts could finish the space travel. D．They wanted to design proper beds for astronauts to rest in space. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲航天局近期进行了一项独特实验，志愿者们需在床上静躺长达两个月，以模拟宇航员在太空中的生活状态。 1．细节理解题。根据“They wanted to study how living in space could influence an astronaut’s body. The volunteers can’t leave their beds during the two-month study.”可知，在这项为期两个月的研究中志愿者不能离开他们的床，两个月即60天。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The bed is tilted (倾斜) towards the head end, usually at 6 degrees. At least one shoulder should be touching the bed at all times, including during meals, showers and toilet visits.”可知，床头端倾斜，至少一只肩膀在任何时候都要接触床，包括吃饭、洗澡和上厕所的时候，即志愿者不能同时让双肩离开床。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“This position allows researchers to test methods to fight against negative aspects of living in space.”可知，这个实验中志愿者处于微微倒置的状态，血液开始涌向头部，他们的行动受限肌肉变得虚弱，这是宇航员在太空中长时间无重力停留时会经历的情况，研究人员这样做是为了测试对抗太空生活负面影响的方法，也就是试图找出帮助宇航员更好地在太空生活的方法。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）Schools around the world try new teaching methods to prepare students for the future. While traditional classes focus on textbooks and exams, project learning—where students work in groups to solve real-life problems—has become a popular choice. But does it truly help students? Recent studies suggest it does, but success depends on how it is used. In 2023, researchers in Shanghai studied 1,200 middle school students. Half joined project-based classes, working on solutions for community problems like recycling or traffic safety. The other half continued with regular lessons. After six months, project learners showed 20% higher scores in teamwork problem-solving, and creativity compared to traditional learners. One student said, “I finally understood math when we used it to plan a budget for our recycling project.” Teachers also added, “Students asked more questions and remembered lessons longer,” said Ms. Wang, a science teacher. In other cities, some students find it hard to balance project work with exam preparation. For example, a Beijing school reported that 30% of students felt stressed managing both tasks. In poor areas, limited resources make projects harder. A village school in Guangxi tried a farming project but had no tools to test soil quality. “We wanted to teach science, but we couldn’t afford basic equipment,” explained a teacher. Dr. Zhang, an education expert, explained “Project learning should help, not replace traditional lessons. The key is to help students connect knowledge with practical use.” For example, a coastal school in Hainan deepened students’ understanding of ocean life by having them interview local fishermen. So students need good basic knowledge as well as skills to apply what they learn to real situations. With careful planning, schools can carry out project learning effectively, making students not only perform well on exams but also develop good problem-solving skills for life beyond the classroom. 1．How did project learning students study at school? A．They sat in rows and took notes in class. B．They worked in groups to solve problems. C．They learned textbooks and took exams. D．They attended both real and online lessons. 2．What advantage did project learners show in the Shanghai study? A．They achieved better grades in final exams. B．They communicated more with math teachers. C．They improved creativity and teamwork skills. D．They enjoyed their project-based lessons a lot. 3．What problem do some students in Beijing have about project learning? A．They feel stressed balancing projects and exams. B．They hardly find meaningful real-life projects. C．They cannot get resources like scientific tools. D．They receive less support from their teachers. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Preparation for the future: learn to be creative B．Preparation for the future: balance study and life C．Project learning: help students get higher scores D．Project learning: work with traditional education 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了项目学习在全球教育中的应用及其对学生的影响。文章强调了项目学习应与传统教育相结合，帮助学生将知识应用于实际情境。 1．细节理解题。根据“ project learning—where students work in groups to solve real-life problems”可知，说明项目学习是学生以小组形式解决现实问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“project learners showed 20% higher scores in teamwork problem-solving, and creativity compared to traditional learners.”可知，项目学习的学生提高了创造力和团队合作能力。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“ a Beijing school reported that 30% of students felt stressed managing both tasks. ”可知，北京30%的学生因同时应对项目学习和考试准备感到压力。故选A。 4．标题归纳题。根据“Dr. Zhang, an education  expert, explained ‘Project learning should help, not replace traditional  lessons. The key is to help students connect knowledge with practical  use.’ ”可知，文章最后强调项目学习需与传统教学结合，而不是替代。选项D“项目学习：与传统教育合作”符合文章主题。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试） Ailao Mountain, located in Yunnan, China, has an average height of over 2,000 meters. Over 300 years ago, the famous Chinese traveler Xu Xiake explored many mountains and rivers, but he got lost here! Even some professional geologists (地质学家) have disappeared in this area. However, for hundreds of years, the silent mountain forests have welcomed one group of visitors after another. The local, Hani people, who live in this area, work hard to grow crops in the secret and lonely land. To do so, they have built beautiful terraced fields (梯田) that climb up the mountainside. As they work, you can hear their voices of “Heiyo! Heiyo!” echoing through the valleys. Geologists also visit Ailao Mountain to study its extraordinary environment. The mountain includes six different climate zones, making it perfect for millions’ of plants to grow. Ancient trees grow as tall as buildings, and giant “ghost flowers” with special shapes bloom throughout the area. Biologists come too, listening to the sounds of nature. The calls of birds can often be heard, as if the birds are communicating with each other. If you’re lucky, you might hear a special “trio (三重唱)” of sounds from male, female and baby gibbons (长臂猿). It is both a wonderland of natural sights and a place full of danger for humans. The paths can be quite challenging, especially for those who are not experienced hikers. The sudden strong winds and thick foes are common, which may make you lose your way in the forests. So follow the safety signs and walk along marked paths. It is also recommended to travel with a guide who knows the area well. Ailao Mountain is truly a place where nature and culture meet in an exciting and sometimes dangerous way. Whether you’re an adventurer, photographer, or nature lover, Ailao Mountain offers something special for everyone. Plan your trip carefully and enjoy this unforgettable experience. 1．Why has Ailao Mountain been so popular with visitors for hundreds of years? A．It is a good place to take photos. B．There are a lot of wild men in it. C．Several people have disappeared in it. D．The nature sights are special here. 2．What does the underlined word “extraordinary” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．comfortable B．amazing C．peaceful D．dangerous 3．What might you come across in Ailao Mountain if you visit there? A．Hani People building terraced fields. B．Some very huge trees and flowers. C．Sounds of “Heiyo! Heiyo” from the birds. D．Strong winds and heavy rains in forests. 4．What safety advice does the writer give to visitors according to the passage? ①Walk along paths with safety signs. ②Stay with your group all the time. ③Stay away from the wild animals. ④Go with a good guide. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了云南的哀牢山，包括其美丽的自然景观、丰富的动植物以及少数民族独特的生活方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“It is both a wonderland of natural sights and a place full of danger for humans. ”可知，它既有奇特的自然景观，又充满冒险，该山以特别的自然风光吸引游客。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“The mountain includes six different climate zones, making it perfect for millions’ of plants to grow. Ancient trees grow as tall as buildings, and giant “ghost flowers”  with special shapes bloom throughout the area.”可知，哀牢山包括六个不同的气候带，非常适合数百万植物生长，因此哀牢山的环境是很不寻常的，由此可推断划线词意为“令人大为惊奇的”，与选项B意思相同。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ancient trees grow as tall as buildings, and giant “ghost flowers” with special shapes bloom throughout the area.”可知，特殊的环境使得古树很高，花很大。因此如果你游览此山，可能会遇到一些非常大的树和花。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“So follow the safety signs and walk along marked paths. It is also recommended to travel with a guide who knows the area well.”可知，作者建议沿有安全标识的小路前行；最好和熟悉当地的向导同行。故选C。 （24-25九年级·浙江绍兴·自主招生）About twenty years ago, the tiny Sikkim carried out an experiment to end pesticides (杀虫剂) on every farm in the state, a move which didn’t happen before in India and probably the world. The change was especially important for India, where progress in agriculture was shown by the introduction of chemical fertilizers (肥料) and pesticides. But with the use of pesticides, people will come an increase in cancer rates in industrial farming areas. Rivers and soil became polluted and infertile. Sikkim’s leaders said they were driven to go all-organic (有机的) by those concerns and because pesticide residues (残渣)—including some chemicals not allowed in other countries—were polluting fish, vegetables and rice. In the years since the change to organic farming, Sikkim has stopped using pesticides and chemical fertilizers, which helped farmers in making about 190,000 acres (英亩) of organic farmland and prevented the import of many non-organic vegetables from other states. The change has not always been easy: some farmers have complained that their crop production has decreased and that they haven’t gotten enough support from the government. Demand for organic food is high in India and growing fast. Concern about pesticides and desire for organic food are encouraging a market that is growing 25 percent a year, more than 16 percent globally, according to a study by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India. The country’s market for packaged organic products was nearly 8 million dollars now and was expected to top 12 million dollars by 2020, the study showed. “This is a big moment for India,” said Radha Mohan Singh, the country’s Minister of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. So far the government has accepted Sikkim and organic farming throughout India, putting about 119 million dollars into supporting farmers all over the country. “The approach Sikkim has started will be used by the whole world tomorrow,” Sikkim’s chief minister Pawan Kumar Chamling said, “This is our choice!” 1．Why did the Indian state of Sikkim stop using pesticides gradually? A．Because pesticides were harmful to soil, crops and other living things. B．Because people there made no progress by using pesticides. C．Because people learned this lesson from other countries. D．Because the Indian government ordered people to do so. 2．How is the organic farming going in Sikkim? A．The change to organic farming is the most difficult. B．Crop production on organic farming has increased. C．Not all the farmers in Sikkim like organic farming. D．Indian government still has not accepted the organic farming. 3．What does the numbers in Paragraph 4 show? A．The country’s market for organic products are decreasing. B．The plan for organic products has changed many times. C．The study on organic products is encouraging. D．Organic products has a big market in India. 4．What is Pawan Kumar Chamling’s attitude towards Sikkim’s organic farming? A．Unsatisfied. B．Supportive. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了印度锡金邦在农业上进行的一项实验：全面停止使用农药，转而采用有机耕作。这一举措在当时的印度乃至全世界都是首次。 1．细节理解题。根据“But with the use of pesticides, people will come an increase in cancer rates in industrial farming areas. Rivers and soil became polluted and infertile. Sikkim’s leaders said they were driven to go all-organic by those concerns and because pesticide residues—including some chemicals not allowed in other countries—were polluting fish, vegetables and rice.”可知，锡金停止使用杀虫剂是因为杀虫剂对土壤、作物和其他生物有害。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The change has not always been easy: some farmers have complained that their crop production has decreased and that they haven’t gotten enough support from the government.” 可知，并非所有锡金的农民都喜欢有机农业。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Demand for organic food is high in India and growing fast. Concern about pesticides and desire for organic food are encouraging a market that is growing 25 percent a year, more than 16 percent globally, according to a study by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India. The country’s market for packaged organic products was nearly 8 million dollars now and was expected to top 12 million dollars by 2020, the study showed.”可知，数字显示有机产品在印度有很大的市场。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“‘The approach Sikkim has started will be used by the whole world tomorrow,’ Sikkim’s chief minister Pawan Kumar Chamling said, ‘This is our choice!’”可知，Pawan Kumar Chamling对锡金的有机农业持支持态度。故选B。 （24-25九年级·浙江绍兴·自主招生）Every spring, people in the US seem to go crazy. At homes, schools and offices across the country, people are glued to their TVs, watching basketball. They call it “March Madness”. Why do they go mad for basketball each year? It’s because in March, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) holds its championship tournament. This year, it began on March 17, including teams from 64 schools. It’s no secret that Americans love sports, but this basketball event is so special that even casual fans get excited. It begins with 350 schools in 32 regional groups, called “conferences”. Starting in the first week of March, the conferences hold their own tournaments and the winners get invited to the NCAA tournament. The other 32 teams, who played well during the season, are invited by a committee. Next, the committee puts the teams into four groups of 16. The teams are ranked in their groups. No.1 ranked teams always play against No.16, No.2 against No.15, No.3 against No.14—you get the idea! With the match-ups set, madness takes over. In the tournament’s biggest tradition, people of all ages try to guess the winners of every tournament game. Some people make bets with their classmates or co-workers, while others just do it for fun. Each correct pick earns points, and the person with the most points wins the contest. Because of this, people want to watch and cheer every game. With so many teams and so many games, there’s always a chance that an underdog1． That’s the magic of March Madness, where even small schools have a chance to win big. 1．What do we know about the NCAA championship tournament? A．It starts in the first week of March. B．There are 32 teams in the tournament. C．The teams are divided into six groups. D．There are two ways to get into the tournament. 2．In the tournament, which teams will fight against No.9 teams? A．No.5 teams. B．No.6 teams. C．No.7 teams. D．No.8 teams. 3．What’s the biggest tradition of the tournament? A．Some famous people are invited to host the game. B．Players with the most points will get a big reward. C．People love to predict which team will win the game. D．Each team will give a basketball show before the game. 4．What do the underlined words “an underdog” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．A lazy dog. B．A black sheep. C．A cold fish. D．A dark horse. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了美国的“三月疯狂”篮球赛事，即全美大学体育协会举办的年度篮球锦标赛。 1．细节理解题。根据“Starting in the first week of March, the conferences hold their own tournaments and the winners get invited to the NCAA tournament…The other 32 teams, who played well during the season, are invited by a committee.”可知，有两种进入NCAA锦标赛的方式：各个联盟会举办自己的锦标赛，获胜者将被邀请参加NCAA锦标赛；另外32支队伍则是根据赛季表现由一个委员会邀请的。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“No.1 ranked teams always play against No.16, No.2 against No.15, No.3 against No.14”可知，排名第一的队伍总是对阵排名第十六的队伍，排名第二的对阵第十五的，以此类推，可知排名第九的队伍将会对阵排名第八的队伍。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the tournament’s biggest tradition, people of all ages try to guess the winners of every tournament game.”可知，在锦标赛最大的传统中，各个年龄段的人们都会尝试预测每场比赛的获胜者。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“In 2018, No.16 University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) beat No.1 Virginia in the first round of the tournament.”可知，下文举例排名第十六的大学击败了排名第一的大学，故此处“an underdog”指意外获胜的队伍或者出人意料的强者。故选D。 （24-25九年级·浙江宁波·自主招生）This information will help you have an enjoyable and safe holiday. DRIVER TIREDNESS Every year, hundreds of travelers are killed or injured because drivers are sleepy or fall asleep at the wheel. If you choose to drive long distances, avoid (避免) driver tiredness in these ways: ·Take a break every 2 hours. ·Share the driving. ·Make sure that you are well rested before you start a long trip. ·Avoid driving late at night or early in the morning which are the times when you would normally be asleep. SEAT BELTS Everyone in the car must wear a seat belt. It is the law. Children are not safe sitting in the front seat or on an adult’s knees. Babies under the age of six months, and small children need special child seat belts. Many garages have special safety seat belt fitting stations which can help parents to fix these seat belts correctly. ·For the location of your nearest station call 1800042765. SPEED LIMITS Speeding gives you less time to react to an emergency (紧急情况). It also increases the crash (撞车) of accidents. The general speed limit is 60 km per hour in areas with street lights. Always look out for sign-posted speed limits; The maximum (highest) speed limit is 100 km per hour on most open roads. Remember: You may need to drive more slowly in wet weather. MOTORWAYS Because traffic travels at high speeds on motorways, you must be especially careful. Remember: ·Don’t stop on a motorway except in an emergency. If you must stop, move off the roadway completely. ·Don’t make a U-turn or go backwards on a motorway. ·Keep to the left unless overtaking (超车). 1．Which of the following is against the traffic law? A．Driving with a baby in the car. B．Driving two hours without taking a break. C．Driving at 40 km per hour without a seat belt. D．Keeping to the left when driving on motorways. 2．Which is NOT talked about in the passage? A．Speed limit. B．Safety warnings on motorways. C．The importance of seat belt. D．Safety tips for long distance driving. 3．What is the best title of the passage? A．Dangerous Driving B．Getting There Safely C．Enjoying Your Holiday D．Improving Your Driving 4．Which is likely to cause traffic accidents according to the passage? A．Driving long distances in turn. B．Driving while making a telephone call. C．Driving fast on rainy days. D．Driving within the speed limit. 5．From the passage we can know the traffic rules are most probably for the people ________. A．in New York B．in London C．in Hong Kong D．all above 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是关于假期驾车出行的注意事项和建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Everyone in the car must wear a seat belt. It is the law.”可知，不系安全带开车违反了交通法规。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Everyone in the car must wear a seat belt. It is the law ... Many garages have special safety seat belt fitting stations which can help parents to fix these seat belts correctly.”可知，文章只是提及车上的每个人都必须系安全带，这是法律，并没有提及安全带的重要性。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。根据“This information will help you have an enjoyable and safe holiday.”及全文可知，全文围绕出行驾车安全展开，因此B选项“安全到达目的地”是最佳标题。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“You may need to drive more slowly in wet weather.”可知，在潮湿的天气要慢行，因此可知在雨天快速开车可能会导致交通事故。故选C。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文提及的都是出行安全最低标准，每个地方都适用。故选D。 （2025·浙江温州·一模） From lunch boxes and drinking bottles to furniture and clothes, plastic is used to make lots of everyday things. When these things are thrown away, some of them end up in the seas. The plastic takes hundreds of years to break down. Biodegradable (可生物降解的) plastics were invented to deal with this problem. Biodegradable plastics can break down naturally, but the new problem is they can not break down completely in the sea. Instead, they break down into very small pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds and other animals. The microplastics are known to be harmful. Recently, scientists have invented a new kind of plastic which could help solve this microplastic problem. It was created by researchers at the RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science in Japan. Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully dissolves (溶解) in salty seawater. When the new plastic dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances (物质). And then small living things in seawater can break them down completely. Studies have shown that the plastic can break down in a few hours in seawater, and in around 10 days in soil. The new plastic has other benefits, too. It is not poisonous. When it is burned, the gas (气体) it produces won’t pollute the environment. The plastic can be made hard or shaped into different forms at temperatures above 120℃, so it could be used to make various kinds of things. Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said the new plastic is “strong and recyclable”, and can be used in lots of ways, for example, in replacing single-use plastics. Joaquin Martinez Urreaga, from Polytechnic University of Madrid, called the idea “a promising product to deal with marine pollution”. 1．What is the disadvantage of biodegradable plastics? A．They’re unable to break down naturally. B．They used much seawater to break down. C．It takes long time for them to break down. D．The microplastics they produce harm animals. 2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The microplastics. B．Separate substances. C．Small living things. D．Biodegradable plastics. 3．How does the passage show the benefits of the new kind of plastic? ①By telling stories. ②By raising questions. ③By giving facts. ④By offering opinions. A．①③ B．①② C．③④ D．②④ 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell the value of plastic. B．To show the products of plastic. C．To introduce a new kind of plastic. D．To explain the problems of plastic. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是介绍一种新型塑料。 1．细节理解题。根据“Biodegradable plastics can break down naturally, but the new problem is they can not break down completely in the sea. Instead, they break down into very small pieces called microplastics, which are often eaten by fish, birds and other animals. The microplastics are known to be harmful.”可知生物降解塑料可以自然分解，但新的问题在于它们无法在海中完全分解。相反，它们会分解成非常微小的碎片，这些碎片被称为微塑料，经常被鱼类、鸟类和其他动物吞食，微塑料是有害的。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Unlike other biodegradable plastics, the new plastic fully dissolves (溶解) in salty seawater. When the new plastic dissolves, it breaks up into the separate substances (物质). And then small living things in seawater can break them down completely.”可知与其他生物降解塑料不同，这种新型塑料能在咸海水中完全溶解。当这种新型塑料溶解时，它会分解成独立的物质。然后，海水中的微小生物可以完全将这些物质分解。因此them指代“独立的物质”，故选B。 3．推理判断题。文章中提到“Studies have shown that the plastic can break down in a few hours in seawater, and in around 10 days in soil.”这是通过给出事实来展示新型塑料的好处。同时，文章还引用了研究人员的意见，如“Takuzo Aida, who led the research, said the new plastic is ‘strong and recyclable’, and can be used in lots of ways, for example, in replacing single-use plastics.”和“Joaquin Martinez Urreaga, from Polytechnic University of Madrid, called the idea ‘a promising product to deal with marine pollution’.”这是通过提供意见来展示新型塑料的好处。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章从可生物降解塑料的问题出发，引出了新型塑料的发明及其优点，因此文章的主要目的是介绍一种新型塑料。故选C。 （2025·浙江温州·一模）①Many countries have special days to celebrate independence. For example, Independence Day in the United States falls on July 4th. In Chile, people celebrate the Fiestas Patrias on September 18th. The Fiestas Patrias is such an important holiday that it is celebrated for two days, on September 18th and 19th. ②Chile was under the rule of another country for 300 years. It officially proclaimed (宣布) independence on February 12th, 1818. Although people in Chile fought for eight years to get total freedom, they still think of the day, September 18th in 1810, as their first step toward independence. That’s why people celebrate this day and Chile’s identity (身份认同) as its own country. ③How is the Fiestas Patrias celebrated? During this holiday, many schools and shops close for a week so people can celebrate with their families. People dress in Chilean clothes and start celebrations with traditional parties. One of the most important activities at the parties is La Cueca, a national dance. The dance is performed in pairs, usually a man and a woman. The pairs hold hands, dancing with a cloth in hand. And they stomp (跺脚) and circle each other. ④There are other outdoor activities. People ride horses and also play a game called Rayuela, which is played with a hard disc (圆盘). Both kids and adults make or buy paper kites and fly them during the celebrations. People also enjoy dishes with a lot meat like beef and sausages during the holiday. ⑤All in all, the Fiestas Patrias shows Chilean spirits and way of life. It is a great time to visit Chile and experience Chilean culture, food, and fun. 1．What is the Fiestas Patrias? A．It is a celebration in July. B．It is a two-week holiday. C．It is an independence day. D．It is a public holiday in the US. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The history of the Fiestas Patrias. B．The activities about the Fiestas Patrias. C．The people who prepare for the Fiestas Patrias. D．The places where people celebrate the Fiestas Patrias. 3．Which picture shows La Cueca in Paragraph 3? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B．C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了智利的一个重要节日——Fiestas Patrias。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many countries have special days to celebrate independence…In Chile, people celebrate the Fiestas Patrias on September 18th. The Fiestas Patrias is such an important holiday that it is celebrated for two days, on September 18th and 19th.”可知Fiestas Patrias是智利的一个重要节日，庆祝的是智利的独立。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了智利独立的历史背景，即讲述的是Fiestas Patrias的历史。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“One of the most important activities at the parties is La Cueca, a national dance. The dance is performed in pairs, usually a man and a woman. The pairs hold hands, dancing with a cloth in hand. And they stomp (跺脚) and circle each other.”可知La Cueca是一种双人跳的民族舞蹈，男女手牵手，手持布匹跳舞，跺脚并绕圈。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题，第二段介绍历史，第三、四段具体介绍庆祝这个节日的相关活动，第五段总结。故选C。 （24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末） It makes our fingers look ugly. It’s dirty. It could hurt a lot. But many people just can’t stop doing it: biting their nails. Up to 45 percent of teenagers in the UK bite their nails, the BBC reported. Some people bite a nail not because it’s too long, but because they are driving, feeling stressed out, or just have nothing else to do. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association identified nail biting as a symptom (症状) of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). People with this disorder may wash their hands too many times or have to line up their shoes in a certain way. Although nail biting has some things in common with other symptoms of OCD, it is different from other OCD behaviors in at least one way. “In OCD, the behavior is really unwanted,” said psychiatrist Carol Mathews. People with OCD don’t want to wash their hands over and over again. There is no fun in it. They just fear that if they aren’t busy doing something, something bad might happen to them. But nail biters enjoy this activity. “It’s rewarding. When you get the right nail, it feels good,” said Mathews. Therefore some people argue that most nail biters do not have any kind of serious mental illness. However, it’s still a bad habit. So what can we do to stop it? Since most people bite nails as a way of relieving (缓解) stress, finding another way to relieve that stress could be useful, suggested Rochelle Torgerson, a doctor at the Mayo Clinic in the US. For example, some people might play with a pen instead. Nail biters feel the urge (刺激, 冲动) to bite if they find a small imperfect part of the nail, said Mathews. So always keep your nails in good shape. 1．Which of the following behaviors is a symptom of OCD? A．Keeping your nails in good shape. B．Cutting nails to make them short. C．Lining things up in a certain way. D．Washing your hands before each meal. 2．What does the writer try to tell us in Paragraphs 4-6? A．The common behaviors people with OCD often show. B．Nail-biters don’t have any kind of serious mental illness. C．People with OCD enjoy doing things over and over again. D．The difference between nail-biting and other OCD behaviors. 3．Which suggestion for how to stop nail-biting is mentioned in the passage? A．Keep your nails in good shape. B．Giving up nail-biting and work hard. C．Find another way to release your stress. D．Biting your nails instead of playing with a pen. 4．What is the best title of this passage? A．How to stop biting nails B．Biting could be worrying C．The cause of nail biting D．Keep your nails in good shape 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们喜欢咬指甲的原因，以及咬指甲是一种不好的习惯，需要改正。 1．细节理解题。根据“People with this disorder may wash their hands too many times or have to line up their shoes in a certain way.”可知，强迫症患者可能会洗手太多次，或者不得不以某种方式排列鞋子。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。第四段说明咬指甲和别的强迫症表现至少有一点不同，第五段和第六段具体分析怎么不同。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Since most people bite nails as a way of relieving stress, finding another way to relieve that stress could be useful”可知，医生建议找到另一种缓解压力的办法。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人们喜欢咬指甲的原因，以及咬指甲是一种不好的习惯，需要改正。选项A“如何停止咬指甲”可作为最佳标题。故选A。 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）When the weather turns cold, we usually stay indoors for a long time. “Colds and the flu are easy to catch and spread quickly inside. But they’re not the only winter health risks.” Dr. Dovico, a doctor who takes care of kids, says. “A large number of people notice a change in their feelings.” They may find they feel more tired and a little sad in winter. This is what we call the “winter blues”. That means your physical and mental health need more attention in the winter months. The main cause of the winter blues is the low exposure (暴露) to sunlight. Sunlight is important for our physical health. It helps our body make vitamin D, which can make our immune system (免疫系统) stronger and help our bones grow better. And it may help when we’re feeling down. Dr. Dovico told us, “The sun tells our brain to send a special thing called serotonin (血清素) to our body. That is what puts us in a good feeling.” “Try to spend time playing and having fun outside even if it is cold,” Dr. Dovico says, “Be sure to keep warm. But come in if you get too cold! Even 20 minutes of sun can make a difference.” For those unable to get sunlight, there are a lot of indoor activities such as indoor cycling, doing an art project, doing some simple exercises at home, or even getting together with a friend. It’s normal to experience the winter blues. But if you can’t beat them, talk to a trusted adult about how you feel. They can help us better control our feelings and enjoy the cold months. 1．Which of the following activity can help us make vitamin D? A． B． C． D． 2．How long of sun exposure can make a difference according to Dr. Dovico? A．Five minutes. B．Ten minutes. C．Fifteen minutes. D．Twenty minutes. 3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “blues” in Para 1? A．Mary is wearing a beautiful blue dress. B．Mary’s knees were black and blue after the fight. C．Mary was in blues because she lost her wallet. D．Mary blues all the walls of her bedroom. 4．Which of the following might Dr. Dovico agree with? A．Staying indoors will get away from colds and the flu. B．Sunlight is only important for our physical health. C．The “winter blues” should be kept to ourselves. D．Indoor activities also do good to the “winter blues”. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了冬季人们易出现“冬季忧郁症”，指出其主要成因是阳光照射不足，同时给出应对建议，如多晒太阳、进行室内活动，若无法缓解可向信任的成年人倾诉。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sunlight is important for our physical health. It helps our body make vitamin D”可知，晒太阳能帮助我们制造维生素D，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Even 20 minutes of sun can make a difference.”可知，Dr. Dovico认为即使晒20分钟的太阳也会有效果，故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“That means your physical and mental health need more attention in the winter months.”可知，winter blues指的是人们在冬天感到更疲倦和有点悲伤的情绪状态。A选项中“blue”指蓝色；B选项中“black and blue”指青一块紫一块；C选项中“in blues”表示处于悲伤情绪中，与“winter blues”中“blues”意思相同；D选项中“blues”是动词，意为“把……涂成蓝色”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“For those unable to get sunlight, there are a lot of indoor activities...It’s normal to experience the winter blues.”可知，室内活动对缓解winter blues也有好处，故选D。 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末） Peter, a high school student in Beijing, has a new helper this year. Whenever he meets problems in his study, he will turn to Ernie Bot and type some key words. In less than a minute, the helper provides an answer that he needs. This new helper is a chatbot which is a computer program that you can “talk” to. When asked a question, chatbots search the Internet, collect information and provide an answer. The powerful technology uses artificial intelligence (AI) to help students solve science problems, create writing, and do homework. In fact, chatbots are becoming more and more important for teaching and learning. In a recent survey, 89 percent of students have used chatbots to help them do homework. In Gig Harbor, Washington, students used chatbots to write math raps, which they performed in a class competition. In Scotland, a teacher used chatbots to help students who are not good at English. Chatbots can be good in some ways, but it could also go wrong. With chatbots, it can be hard to know what is real and what is made-up. And students will cheat on their homework. Students will stop thinking for themselves and depend too much on chatbots. This will not be good, because teachers won’t know if students really know. Teachers are too busy to check whether students used a chatbot or not. Of course, people would say chatbots can also help teachers by grading (评分) papers and tests quickly, but they might make mistakes. It’s better if a human reviews schoolwork. At the heart of this discussion is an important question: How much chatbots will change schooling? Only time will tell. 1．From the passage we can know Ernie Bot is ______. A．a computer B．a teacher C．a chatbot D．a student 2．The writer shows the importance of chatbots in schooling by ______ in Para 2. A．giving examples B．asking questions C．using famous sayings D．telling stories 3．Some people are against using chatbots in schooling because ______. A．teachers will use chatbots to check homework B．teachers will help students with their study C．students will make more mistakes in homework D．students will develop a habit of being dishonest 4．The writer is ______ about the future of using chatbots in schooling. A．worried B．excited C．uncertain D．disappointed 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了智能机器人在教育方面的利弊。 1．细节理解题。根据“This new helper is a chatbot …”可知，这个新助手是一个聊天机器人，它是一个你可以“交谈”的计算机程序。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段描述“In a recent survey…”、“In Gig Harbor, Washington…”及“In Scotland…”可知，作者在第二段中举例说明了聊天机器人在学校教育中的重要性。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And students will cheat on their homework.”可知，有些人反对在学校使用聊天机器人是因为学生会养成不诚实的习惯。故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“At the heart of this discussion is an important question: How much chatbots will change schooling? Only time will tell.”可知，作者对在学校使用聊天机器人的未来持犹豫观望的态度，即“不确定的”。故选C。 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）At the Jinzhong National Agricultural High-Tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Shanxi province, some truly “out-of-this-world” work is going on. Some upland rice seeds (旱稻种子) that experienced “space breeding (育种)” have grown up there. The upland rice seeds were taken to the Tiangong space station by the Shenzhou XVI members in May 2023. There, they experienced space radiation (辐射) and microgravity (微重力), which caused genetic mutations (基因突变). After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct 31. Scientists studied the mutations. They found that some of the mutations gave the seeds qualities that farmers prefer, such as higher production, faster growth without illness. “For space breeding, the space environment holds great value, which cannot be copied on Earth,” Professor Dong Qi from Shanxi Agricultural University said. “Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,” he added. He explained that these space seeds may look the same on the outside but go through important changes on the inside. Space breeding, however, is not a simple task. Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true “space seeds”. The high-tech area in Jinzhong has long been working with China’s space program. Located in Shanxi, which has a dry weather. This is the perfect environment for growing and spreading new kinds of upland rice. The journey of Chinese crop seeds into space began in 1987. Since then, over 3,000 space breeding experiments have gone on, resulting in more than 240 main grain (谷物) kinds and over 400 new types of vegetables, fruits, trees, grasses, and flowers. 1．How long did the upland rice seeds stay in space? A．At least one year. B．For only a week. C．Less than two months. D．Around five months. 2．What can we infer from what Professor Dong Qi said? A．The traditional breeding is the same as the space breeding. B．The space breeding might take about four to five years. C．The space seeds look different both outside and inside. D．The environment on earth is better than that in space. 3．How can the seeds become the true “space seeds”? ①The seeds are tested.           ②The seeds are chosen. ③The seeds are sent to the space.      ④ The seeds return from the space. A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．④①③② 4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To introduce the background. B．To lead out a saying. C．To give a conclusion. D．To begin a new topic. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国在太空育种领域的最新进展。 1．推理判断题。根据“After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct 31.”可知，150天大约是5个月，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据Professor Dong Qi的话，“Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half.”可知，传统育种需要8到10年，而太空育种可以将时间缩短一半，因此太空育种可能需要4到5年，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，种子成为真正的“太空种子”需要经过以下步骤：首先被选中（②），然后被送入太空（③），接着从太空返回（④），最后经过测试（①）。因此正确的顺序是②③④①，故选B。 4．推理判断题。最后一段总结了自1987年以来中国在太空育种方面的成就，提供了背景信息和总结，因此其目的是给出结论，故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$