精品解析：云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学英语试题

英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2. 每小题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3, 考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分 30分） 注意, 听力部分答题时, 请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前, 你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man mean? A. He has some health issue. B. He is not good at spelling. C. He didn't make the first round. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Missing a concert. B. Fixing the ticket office. C. Getting replacement tickets. 3. How will the man go to the supermarket? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By e-bike. 4. What will the woman possibly do on the weekend? A. Attend an interview. B. Take care of the animals. C. Camp in the wild. 5. What did the woman order? A. Steak. B. Lamb. C. Chicken. 第二节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5分, 满分22.5 分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话, 回答第6和第7小题。 6. How did children's average pocket money change? A. Became less. B. Became more. C. Stayed the same. 7. What are the children expected to buy? A. Cellphones. B. T-shirts. C. Candies. 听下面一段对话, 回答第8至第10小题。 8. What sport does the man do? A. Football. B. Cheerleading. C. Basketball. 9. What is the man's sport like? A. It isn't very competitive. B. It values personal ability. C. It is physically demanding. 10. What is possibly the man? A. A high school student. B. A professional athlete. C. An undergraduate. 听下面一段对话, 回答第11至第13小题。 11. What does the man buy before work? A. Some biscuits. B. A cup of coffee. C. A chocolate bar. 12. Where does the woman buy her HSR ticket? A. On the phone. B. At the HSR station. C. At a convenience store. 13. How do the speakers think of the convenience store? A. Essential. B. Time-consuming. C. Insignificant. 听下面一段对话, 回答第14至第17小题。 14. Where is the man going? A. A travel agency. B. A bank. C. A hotel. 15. How does the woman suggest booking accommodation? A. Making a phone call. B. Going in person. C. Using an application. 16. What should the man do in Spain? A. Be careful of his belongings. B. Watch a football match. C. Take an adventure. 17. When is the possible dinner time in Spain? A. 7:30 pm. B. 9:30 pm. C. 11:30 pm. 听下面一段独白, 回答第18至第20小题。 18. What usage of facial features is mentioned? A. To pay bills. B. To identify diseases. C. To unlock a smartphone. 19. Which country does the word "doppelganger" come from? A. Germany. B. India. C. America. 20. What are the chances of meeting your doppelganger? A. Most likely. B. Half and half. C. Nearly impossible. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Reading is personal, but if you want to share your love for an author, discuss a book’s sensitive moral questions, then it need not be an isolated affair. Here are four of the best book clubs to bring like-minded bookworms together. Silent Book Club Small talk? No, thanks. Homework? Pass. Silent Book Club is all about enjoying books, company without having to think of something smart to say. Founded in 2012 by a couple of friends who liked to read in companionable silence, it now has over 240 “chapters” (groups); they think it’s important to put down our phones and be “real, live, breathing-the-same-air social”. The only thing you should pay for is your drinks ($1 each). Reese’s Book Club Reese Witherspoon has her name in the lists of some of the most sparkling book-to-screen adaptations to date. Each month, Witherspoon picks two current, joyful, and thought-provoking books with female leads and shares them through Reese’s Book Club (membership $90 per year). Her international credit has authors flocking to her feed to talk about their books and answer all your burning questions. Book of the Month Book of the Month is all about finding the best new reads - “early releases, fresh perspectives, and debut authors”. Each month some lovely people with great taste search through hundreds of new releases to find the five best books hitting the shelves. Then, for $14.99 a month, you are in and can pick your fave and it’ll be delivered to your door in a bright blue box. Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club It’s probably safe to call Goodreads the biggest virtual reading community. If you want really solid book recommendations, check out the Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club. The club works its way through top-rated titles from the site’s Readers’ Choice Awards and uses group discussion boards to chat about their thoughts. No fees will be charged. 1. Where can club members exchange ideas with authors? A. In Reese’s Book Club. B. In Silent Book Club. C. In Book of the Month. D. In Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club. 2. How much is a one-month membership in Book of the Month? A. $1. B. $90. C. $14.99. D. Free. 3. What is the feature of Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club? A. Members are privileged to share their thoughts. B. Book-oriented film adaptions are highly stressed. C. The best and latest books are on top of its recommendation. D. It offers high-quality recommendation and a forum for discussion. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个最好的读书俱乐部，可以让你把志同道合的书虫聚集在一起。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由Reese’s Book Club中“Each month, Witherspoon picks two current, joyful, and thought-provoking books with female leads and shares them through Reese’s Book Club (membership $90 per year). Her international credit has authors flocking to her feed to talk about their books and answer all your burning questions. (每个月，威瑟斯彭都会挑选两本最新、最快乐、最发人深省的女性主角书籍，并通过Reese’s Book Club（会员费每年90美元）分享。她的国际声誉让作家们蜂拥而至，谈论他们的书，回答你所有迫切的问题。)”可知，在Reese’s Book Club会员可以和作者交流想法。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由Book of the Month中“Then, for $14.99 a month, you are in and can pick your fave and it’ll be delivered to your door in a bright blue box. (然后，每月14.99美元，你就可以挑选你最喜欢的，它会装在一个亮蓝色的盒子里送到你家门口。)”可知，Book of the Month一个月会员费是$14.99。 故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club中“The club works its way through top-rated titles from the site’s Readers’ Choice Awards and uses group discussion boards to chat about their thoughts. (该俱乐部通过Readers’ Choice Awards中的最受欢迎的书名来工作，并使用小组讨论板来讨论他们的想法。)”可知，Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club的特色在于它提供高质量书籍推荐且有讨论论坛。故选D项。 B In sculptor Sun Yuli’s memory, he remembers his mother as an intelligent and kind woman who had many friends and often made Russian snacks. It turns out that she was an extraordinary woman with stories to tell. His mother, Zhang Yulian, was China’s first female war correspondent. Zhang was born in the northeastern Chinese city of Harbin in 1914, the year when World War I broke out. Her parents nicknamed her Juju, which translates as “union”, in the hope that the small family might weather chaotic times together. Unfortunately, it was not to be. Soon after her mother’s death, her father left the 2-year-old with a wealthy, childless Russian couple who raised her from age 2 to 19, when her adoptive mother passed away. In 1937, at the age of 23, Zhang was studying at Yenching University when a Japanese invasion of China broke out. She fled south to escape the bloodshed and later joined former Soviet Union’s Tass News Agency (TNA). She came well prepared for the job — fluent in Russian and having done some studies in journalism. She was among many ordinary people who answered the call to defend the country in their own ways. In March 1938, Zhang was sent to cover the Battle of Xuzhou, where she joined other reporters who had to endure daily Japanese bombing as they followed the front line. A Chinese brigadier (旅长) she interviewed was surprised to see a female reporter and gifted her a Browning pistol for self-defense. The pistol accompanied her on many fronts across China for the next five years. But in 1942, when Zhang returned to Yenching University to continue with her classes in the southwest city of Chengdu, she had to sell the Browning for travel and tuition. Zhang used her non-sensationalized, rational and very detailed descriptions to wipe away the mist in history and reveal a true front line in front of us. 4. Why was Zhang an ideal war correspondent for TNA? A. She experienced retreats during the Japanese invasion. B. She had adequate language and education background. C. She was adopted by a Chinese couple at two. D. She was born and raised in a time of chaos. 5. What difficulty was Zhang faced with in 1942? A. She lost her gift given by a Chinese brigadier. B. She had to give up her career as a journalist. C. She needed money to continue her education. D. She had a hard time catching up with other students. 6. Which of the following best describe Zhang? A. Courageous and patriotic. B. Gifted and informed. C. Perseverant and independent. D. Ambitious and cautious. 7. What is the text type of this passage? A. A collection of reports. B. An abstract of a thesis. C. A foreword of a biography. D. A brief of an event. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了中国战地女记者张玉莲的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段中“In 1937, at the age of 23, Zhang was studying at Yenching University when a Japanese invasion of China broke out. She fled south to escape the bloodshed and later joined former Soviet Union’s Tass News Agency (TNA). She came well prepared for the job — fluent in Russian and having done some studies in journalism. (1937年，23岁的张玉莲就读于燕京大学，当时日本侵华战争爆发。她逃往南方以躲避流血事件，后来加入了前苏联塔斯社（TNA）。她为这份工作做了充分的准备——俄语流利，并学习了一些新闻学)”可知，张玉莲加入TNA时“俄语流利且学过新闻学”，她有足够的语言和教育背景，所以是TNA理想的战地记者。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中“But in 1942, when Zhang returned to Yenching University to continue with her classes in the southwest city of Chengdu, she had to sell the Browning for travel and tuition. (但在1942年，当张玉莲回到燕京大学继续在西南城市成都上课时，她不得不卖掉勃朗宁手枪，以换取旅行和学费)”可知，张玉莲在1942年返回燕京大学时，为支付学费和旅费不得不卖掉手枪，说明她需要资金继续学业。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段中“She was among many ordinary people who answered the call to defend the country in their own ways. (她是众多响应号召，以自己的方式保卫国家的普通人之一)”和第四段中“In March 1938, Zhang was sent to cover the Battle of Xuzhou, where she joined other reporters who had to endure daily Japanese bombing as they followed the front line. (1938年3月，张玉莲被派去报道徐州战役，在那里她加入了其他记者的行列，这些记者在跟随前线时每天都要忍受日本的轰炸)”可知，她在战争期间做战地记者，勇敢面对危险，且为国家而战，体现出勇敢和爱国。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。由全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国战地女记者张玉莲的故事，可能是传记的前言。故选C项。 C Nature is always evolving in fascinating ways, and one lizard from the tropical rainforests of southwestern Costa Rica and Panama is a perfect example of that. Anolis aquaticus, better known as the water anole, is semi-aquatic with a remarkable survival trick. Often called “scuba-diving lizards,” they’ve developed the ability to create an air bubble over their heads, allowing them to breathe while underwater. These small lizards — with a length of about 6 to 8 inches — are a favorite snack for many predators, including birds and snakes. When threatened, they often dive underwater and form a bubble over their noses using their skin, allowing them to draw in oxygen while submerged. Lindsey Swierk, an assistant research professor of biological sciences at Binghamton University, wanted to learn if this bubble really helped them stay underwater for longer, compared to lizards without a bubble. She carried out an experiment where she applied a substance to the lizards’ skin to stop them from forming bubbles. “Lizard skin is hydrophobic (疏水的),” Swierk explains. “Typically, that allows air to stick very tightly to the skin and permits this bubble to form. But when you cover the skin with a cream, air no longer sticks to the skin surface, so the bubbles can’ t form.” The research revealed that lizards in the control group, which weren’t exposed to the cream, were able to remain underwater 32% longer than those without an air bubble. “This is really significant because this is the first experiment that truly shows adaptive significance of bubbles,” says Swierk. “Rebreathing bubbles allow lizards to stay underwater longer. Before, we suspected it — we saw a pattern — but we didn’t actually test if it served a functional role.” Thanks to their life-saving bubble, water lizards can stay underwater for 20 minutes or longer, allowing them to escape predators and stay safely disguised until the danger passes. Swierk’s fascinating findings have led other researchers to look into the creature and what stimulated its survival mechanism. Some guess that the bubble is actually a gill (鳃) and others are wondering if this bubble-breathing adaptation is also common among other lizard species. 8. How do Anolis protect themselves from predators? A. By widening their mouth to pose threatening gestures. B. By blowing bubbles to provide oxygen underwater. C. By changing their colors to hide in the bushes. D. By shaking their tails to make loud noise. 9. What can we infer from Swierk’ s words in paragraph 5? A. The experiment is to prove a previous assumption. B. The lizard serves a functional role in the ecological chain. C. The study of Anolis has been conducted for a long time. D. The contact of skin and water is important for Anolis. 10. Which of the following will be the possible research direction? A. The classification of this species. B. The practicability of this adaptation. C. The perfection of its hydrophobic skin. D. The contributing factors of its evolution. 11. Which title is suitable for the passage? A. Lizard, the Amphibian Magician B. Evolution: a Fascinating Topic C. Bubble, the Critical Helper D. Survival: a Hidden Drive 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于哥斯达黎加西南部和巴拿马热带雨林中的水安乐蜥（Anolis aquaticus）的一些情况，介绍了它们独特的生存技能——在水下通过皮肤形成气泡呼吸，以及相关的研究实验和未来可能的研究方向。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“These small lizards — with a length of about 6 to 8 inches — are a favorite snack for many predators, including birds and snakes. When threatened, they often dive underwater and form a bubble over their noses using their skin, allowing them to draw in oxygen while submerged. (这些小蜥蜴——长度约6到8英寸——是许多食肉动物最喜欢的零食，包括鸟类和蛇。当受到威胁时，它们经常潜入水下，用皮肤在鼻子上形成一个气泡，让它们在水下吸入氧气。)” 可知，水安乐蜥受到威胁时，会潜入水下，用皮肤在鼻子上方形成气泡，以便在水下吸入氧气来保护自己，避免成为捕食者的食物，所以它们通过在水下吹气泡来提供氧气从而保护自己。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中Swierk说的话““Rebreathing bubbles allow lizards to stay underwater longer. Before, we suspected it — we saw a pattern — but we didn’t actually test if it served a functional role.”(再呼吸气泡可以让蜥蜴在水下停留更长时间。之前，我们怀疑它——我们看到了一种模式——但我们并没有真正测试它是否起到了功能作用。”)”可知，之前人们只是怀疑再呼吸气泡能让蜥蜴在水下停留更长时间，看到了这样的一种模式，但没有实际测试过，而这次实验真正证明了气泡的适应性意义，也就是证明了之前的假设。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Swierk’s fascinating findings have led other researchers to look into the creature and what stimulated its survival mechanism. Some guess that the bubble is actually a gill (鳃) , and others are wondering if this bubble-breathing adaptation is also common among other lizard species.( Swierk的惊人发现促使其他研究人员开始研究这种生物，以及是什么刺激了它的生存机制。一些人猜测这个气泡实际上是一个鳃，还有一些人想知道这种泡泡呼吸的适应在其他蜥蜴物种中是否也很常见。)”可知，研究人员想探究是什么刺激了水安乐蜥的生存机制，也就是其进化的影响因素。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Nature is always evolving in fascinating ways, and one lizard from the tropical rainforests of southwestern Costa Rica and Panama is a perfect example of that. Anolis aquaticus, better known as the water anole, is semi-aquatic with a remarkable survival trick. Often called “scuba-diving lizards,” they’ve developed the ability to create an air bubble over their heads, allowing them to breathe while underwater.( 大自然总是以令人着迷的方式不断进化着，而来自哥斯达黎加西南部和巴拿马热带雨林的一种蜥蜴就是这方面的绝佳例子。安乐蜥属的水安乐蜥，更为人熟知的名字是水安乐蜥，它是一种半水生动物，拥有一项非凡的生存技能。它们常被称为 “潜水蜥蜴”，已经进化出了能在头顶上方制造出一个气泡的能力，这使得它们在水下时也能够呼吸。)”可知，文章主要介绍了水安乐蜥能在水下通过皮肤形成气泡呼吸从而生存，气泡对它们至关重要，所以 C选项“气泡，关键的帮手”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。 D In the 1990s, anthropologist Robin Dunbar noticed a link between the size of a primate’s (灵长动物的) brain and the size of its social group. He then suggested that the number of relationships humans can maintain is typically about 150. Now, researchers have applied this idea of Dunbar’s number to AI models. Giordano De Marzo, at the University of Konstanz, and his colleagues assigned each copy of the same AI model a random opinion on a binary problem, such as which side of the road a new country should drive on. At each step of the experiment, they chose one copy at random and told it what opinion all the other models held and why, then asked if it would like to update its own — parallel to humans attempting to reach agreement in loose social groups. The results show that high-end AI models could make it every time, yet copies of smaller and less powerful models failed. The results show that although the models in each test were identical, there was no inborn mechanism to reach agreement. Dunbar believes that as models grow more powerful, they will improve the ability to reason about mental and emotional states, which is key to cooperation in humans. “It certainly looks promising to achieve scientific breakthroughs because AI could find agreement between different groups much faster than us,” says Dunbar. Philip Feldman at the University of Maryland says AI models with a high Dunbar number may be able to reach agreement on a problem, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they will find a good solution. He believes diversity is key to problem solving, which is hard in groups made up of the same AI model. “The way that living organisms have solved this is to have populations different in the way of thinking,” says Feldman. A larger issue is whether it even makes sense to talk about copies of an AI model as a group of individuals, says Michael Rovatsos at the University of Edinburgh. “The models don’t understand what they are, how they are separate from other models or what the experiment’s purpose is. For AI models, presence of others isn’t treated any differently from saying ‘give me ad pizza recipe’,” he says. 12. What does the underlined word “parallel” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Senior. B. Similar. C. Unique. D. Opposite. 13. Which of the following is a binary question? A. What did you want to be when you were a child? B. Who would you choose to be your fitness instructor? C. Have you reviewed the latest version of the document? D. How would you feel about working as part of a team? 14. What’s the possible result of lacking diversity? A. The Dunbar number will be restricted. B. Mental and emotional states will get in the way. C. A community will be hard to reach agreement. D. It will be more challenging to tackle difficulties. 15. What problem is implied in the last paragraph? A AI models have trouble in self-identification. B. AI models lack the ability to generate emotions. C. AI models can't bear the experiment. D. AI models can only respond in one way. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了研究人员将Dunbar的数量应用到AI模型中，发现AI模型可以像人类一样达成一致，但是这并不意味着它们会找到一个好的解决方案。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。由第二段中“At each step of the experiment, they chose one copy at random and told it what opinion all the other models held and why, then asked if it would like to update its own — parallel to humans attempting to reach agreement in loose social groups. (在实验的每一步，他们随机选择一个副本，告诉AI模型所有其他模型持有什么意见以及为什么，然后问它是否愿意更新自己的意见——与试图在松散的社会群体中达成一致的人类parallel)”和第三段中Dunbar说的话“It certainly looks promising to achieve scientific breakthroughs because AI could find agreement between different groups much faster than us (实现科学突破看起来确实很有希望，因为人工智能可以比我们更快地在不同群体之间找到共识)”可知，该研究围绕AI模型是否愿意更新自己的意见展开，发现人工智能可以比人类更快地在不同群体之间找到共识，这里说的是AI模型的行为和人类在社交群体中达成一致的行为相似，所以“parallel”意思是“相似的”。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中“Giordano De Marzo, at the University of Konstanz, and his colleagues assigned each copy of the same AI model a random opinion on a binary problem, such as which side of the road a new country should drive on. (康斯坦茨大学的Giordano De Marzo和他的同事们为同一人工智能模型的每个副本分配了一个关于二元问题的随机意见，例如一个新国家应在路哪边驾驶)”可知，二元问题只有两种明确答案，C项“你看过这份文件的最新版本了吗？”是可以用“是”或“否”回答的问题，属于二元问题。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中“Philip Feldman at the University of Maryland says AI models with a high Dunbar number may be able to reach agreement on a problem, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they will find a good solution. He believes diversity is key to problem solving, which is hard in groups made up of the same AI model. (马里兰大学的Philip Feldman表示，邓巴数较高的人工智能模型可能能够就一个问题达成一致，但这并不一定意味着它们会找到一个好的解决方案。他认为多样性是解决问题的关键，这在由相同AI模型组成的群体中很难实现)”可知，Philip Feldman指出，多样性是解决问题的关键，若群体由相同AI模型组成（缺乏多样性），可能达成共识但未必找到好方案，因此解决问题的难度增加，即缺乏多样性解决难题会更具挑战。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段中“The models don’t understand what they are, how they are separate from other models or what the experiment’s purpose is. For AI models, presence of others isn’t treated any differently from saying ‘give me ad pizza recipe’(这些模型不了解它们是什么，它们如何与其他模型分开，或者实验的目的是什么。对于人工智能模型来说，其他模型的存在与说‘给我广告披萨食谱’没有区别)”可知，最后一段提到AI模型不理解自身存在、与其他模型的区别或实验目的，暗示其缺乏自我识别能力，而非情感生成（B）或单一应答方式（D）。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You swing by your favorite convenience store and grab a Coke and snack. That soda is already more expensive than it used to be, and now the payment screen implies you to add a 20% tip on top. “Should I pay that extra money?” you may ask yourself. ___16___. Social media is filled with stories of being asked to tip everywhere from airport stands to fast casual restaurants. So do you really have to shell out that extra dollar or two? Here’s what you need to know. Why Americans are tipping more? Myka Meier, a manner expert, tells Money that one cause of that change is wanting to thank workers in higher risk, higher contact service jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic. ___17___ Who should you always tip? When is it OK not to tip? It’s easy to feel guilty about skipping that tip when you buy something quick. But Meier says you don’t need to. It’s not strictly necessary to tip in a fast food or quick service restaurant. ___18___, she notes, where the expectation is still that customers should leave a tip of between 15% and 20% of their bill. ___19___, some experts suggest considering whether a worker relies on tips for income. In the case of a cashier, they might not. Waiters and bartenders, on the other hand, often rely on tips as a significant portion of their paychecks. It’s also important to consider tips as part of your budget. “This is something you should factor into what you’re doing,” says Emerald Mills, owner of Turning Tables restaurant. And at the end of the day, it’s also important to keep in mind what a tip was originally intended to convey: appreciation for service, even if you’re dealing with a fast casual restaurant or stand. ___20___ — like taking time to prepare something special for you or being extra friendly during a busy time — you may wish to leave a tip! A. When deciding whether to leave a tip B. That’s very different from service at a sit-down restaurant C. Meanwhile, the rise of living cost has been another factor D. It is a part of the culture deeply rooted in the United States E. Tipping used to be about showing appreciation for good service F. If someone goes above and beyond to give you exceptional service G. Confusing, pressure-filled situations like that are increasingly common 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了小费文化以及是否要给小费的问题。 【16题详解】 根据第一段“That soda is already more expensive than it used to be, and now the payment screen implies you to add a 20% tip on top. “Should I pay that extra money?” you may ask yourself.(苏打水已经比以前贵了，现在的付款界面暗示你要在上面加20%的小费。“我应该付额外的钱吗？”你可能会问自己)”以及下文“Social media is filled with stories of being asked to tip everywhere from airport stands to fast casual restaurants. So do you really have to shell out that extra dollar or two? Here’s what you need to know.(社交媒体上到处都是被要求付小费的故事，从机场柜台到快餐店。所以你真的要多花一两美元吗？以下是你需要知道的)”可知，上文描述在便利店买东西付款时被暗示要加 20% 的小费，下文提到了许多被要求付小费的场景，可知像上文那种让人困惑且有压力的给小费的情况越来越普遍，故G选项“像这样令人困惑、充满压力的情况越来越普遍”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Myka Meier, a manner expert, tells Money that one cause of that change is wanting to thank workers in higher risk, higher contact service jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic.(礼仪专家麦卡·迈耶告诉《金钱》杂志，这一变化的一个原因是想感谢在COVID-19大流行期间从事高风险、高接触性服务工作的工人)”可知，提到一位礼仪专家告诉媒体，小费增加的一个原因是想要在COVID-19疫情期间感谢那些从事高风险、高接触服务行业的工作者。下文提到了小费相关的其他问题，所以可推测出，此处应该是在说导致小费增加的另一个原因，故C选项“与此同时，生活成本的上升是另一个因素”符合语境，故选C。 18题详解】 根据上文“It’s easy to feel guilty about skipping that tip when you buy something quick. But Meier says you don’t need to. It’s not strictly necessary to tip in a fast food or quick service restaurant.(当你快速买东西的时候，你很容易因为忽略了小费而感到内疚。但Meier说你不需要这么做。在快餐店没有必要给小费)”以及后文“she notes, where the expectation is still that customers should leave a tip of between 15% and 20% of their bill(她指出，在美国，人们的期望仍然是顾客应该给账单的15%到20%的小费)”可知，提到在快餐店或快餐服务餐厅里给小费不是绝对必要的。下一句提到在另一种餐厅里，顾客通常期望留下账单的15%到20%作为小费，所以可推测出，此处是在说快餐店的服务与坐下来用餐的餐厅里的服务是不同的，故B选项“那和坐着吃饭的餐馆的服务很不一样”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据下文“some experts suggest considering whether a worker relies on tips for income. In the case of a cashier, they might not. Waiters and bartenders, on the other hand, often rely on tips as a significant portion of their paychecks. It’s also important to consider tips as part of your budget. “This is something you should factor into what you’re doing,” says Emerald Mills, owner of Turning Tables restaurant.(一些专家建议考虑一下员工是否依赖小费作为收入来源。在收银员的情况下，他们可能不会。另一方面，服务员和调酒师通常依赖小费作为他们薪水的很大一部分。把小费作为预算的一部分也很重要。“这是你在做什么时应该考虑的因素，”Turning Tables餐厅的老板埃默里德·米尔斯说)”可知，下文提到一些专家建议考虑工作人员是否依赖小费作为收入，所以可推测出，此处是在说当决定是否要给小费时应该考虑什么因素，故A选项“在决定是否给小费时”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“And at the end of the day, it’s also important to keep in mind what a tip was originally intended to convey: appreciation for service, even if you’re dealing with a fast casual restaurant or stand.(在一天结束的时候，记住小费最初想表达的意思也很重要：对服务的感激，即使你是在一家快速休闲餐厅或小摊上)”以及后文“like taking time to prepare something special for you or being extra friendly during a busy time — you may wish to leave a tip!(比如花时间为你准备一些特别的东西，或者在忙碌的时候格外友好——你可能希望留下小费！)”可知，提到要记住小费的初衷：对服务的欣赏，即使是在休闲快餐店或柜台。下一句提到你可能会想留下小费的情况，所以可推测出，此处是在说如果有人提供了超出常规的服务，你可能会想留下小费，故F选项“如果有人为你提供了超乎寻常的服务”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) and I have been friends for more than 80 years, surely some kind of record for romance these days. It plays a(n) ___21___ role in our friendship. The ROM may be shy about expressing ___22___ , yet have always been rewarded with love when I approached it. My passion began when, as a 6-year-old, I skipped up the steps. At the top of the steps, the huge oak doors opened into a large room that combined elements of a castle, made of ___23___ shades of marble stone, and a shiny ceiling of gold. In the center of the floor ___24___ an enormous sunburst (艳阳), its ___25___ reaching out to each comer. The ceiling was painted with bright symbols, so that looking upward ___26___ a burst of pure joy. Later in life, it’s been my delight to visit the museum. My first ___27___ was always at the dinosaurs. Then and now, they are my favorite ___28___ all the beautiful exhibits at the museum. I am fascinated by their huge ___29___ . Over the years, I would still feel thrilled while in face of these giants. I came to feel at home in their weird presence, and even ____30____ a tear for one of the poor creatures who had died by ____31____ a tar pit (沥青坑). I may have developed friendships with other museums over the years but the ROM still ____32____ my heart. My latest adventure at the ROM was a celebration of my 90th birthday when all my families enjoyed different displays. A ____33____ has replaced the swift feet 84 years ago, but the new delights on exhibition mix with my ____34____ joy in the beauty of this museum. Some friendships never ____35____ . 21. A. subjective B. passive C. interactive D. defensive 22. A. affection B. regret C. gratitude D. guilt 23. A. melting B. inspiring C. varying D. concerning 24. A. stuck B. lay C. stood D. marched 25. A. branches B. visions C. senses D. rays 26. A. brought B. loaded C. marked D. decreased 27. A. figure B. note C. leg D. impression 28. A. together with B. from within C. out of D. instead of 29. A. nerves B. sizes C. existence D. appetite 30. A. formed B. dried C. wiped D. shed 31. A. slipping from B. feeding on C. pulling over D. sinking into 32. A. claims B. shelters C. loses D. pursues 33. A. wheelchair B. lift C. track D. slide 34. A. uncountable B. enduring C. prior D. temporary 35. A. fail B. lie C. die D. cheat 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者与博物馆The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM)之间的故事。作者小时候喜欢去博物馆，因为博物馆可以让他与恐龙近距离接触。随着年龄的增长，作者与其他博物馆也建立了友谊，但是，作者心中一直深爱着ROM博物馆。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它在我们的友谊中起着互动作用。A. subjective主观的；B. passive被动的；C. interactive互动的；D. defensive防御的。由上文“The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) and I have been friends for more than 80 years, surely some kind of record for romance these days. (皇家安大略博物馆（ROM）和我已经是80多年的朋友了，这无疑是当今浪漫的记录)”和下文“I may have developed friendships with other museums over the years but the ROM still ___12___ my heart. (多年来，我可能与其他博物馆建立了友谊，但ROM仍然……我的心)”可知，作者和博物馆ROM有着80多年的深厚情谊，作者常去这家博物馆，说明作者与ROM的友谊是长期互动的。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：ROM可能羞于表达爱意，但当我走近它时，我总是会得到它的爱。A. affection喜爱；B. regret后悔；C. gratitude感激；D. guilt内疚。与下文“yet have always been rewarded with love when I approached it”形成对比，博物馆可能不善于表达“喜爱”，但作者每次接近它都能收获爱。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在台阶的顶部，巨大的橡木门通向一个大房间，这个房间结合了城堡的元素，由不同色调的大理石和闪亮的金色天花板组成。A. melting感人的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. varying不同的；D. concerning令人担心的。由下文“shades of marble stone”可知，描述大理石颜色多样，“不同色调”最贴切。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：地板中央有一道巨大的艳阳（的图案），它的光线照射到每个角落。A. stuck插入；B. lay躺；C. stood站起来；D. marched行进。由上文“In the center of the floor”可知，此处指地板中央“躺着”一个巨大的艳阳（的图案）。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：地板中央有一道巨大的艳阳（的图案），它的光线照射到每个角落。A. branches分支；B. visions视力；C. senses感觉；D. rays光线。由上文“an enormous sunburst”可知，太阳发出光线。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：天花板上画着明亮的符号，以至于向上看会带来一阵纯粹的快乐。A. brought带来；B. loaded装载；C. marked做记号；D. decreased减少。由上文“The ceiling was painted with bright symbols”和so that引导结果状语从句可知，抬头看天花板的结果是会“带来”纯粹的喜悦。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一站总是去看恐龙。A. figure人物；B. note笔记；C. leg一段路程；D. impression印象。由下文“was always at the dinosaurs”可知，first leg指旅程的第一站/程，作者每次参观首先看恐龙。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：无论是过去还是现在，它们都是博物馆所有美丽展品中我最喜欢的。A. together with和……一起；B. from within从内部；C. out of在……之中；D. instead of而不是。呼应上文“My first ___7___ was always at the dinosaurs.”可知，作者每次参观首先看恐龙，说明恐龙是作者在所有展品中的最爱，out of表示范围。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被它们巨大的尺寸迷住了。A. nerves神经；B. sizes大小；C. existence存在；D. appetite食欲。呼应下文“Over the years, I would still feel thrilled while in face of these giants. (多年来，当我面对这些巨大的动物时，我仍然会感到激动)”可知，作者被恐龙巨大的“体型”吸引。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在它们奇怪的存在下，我开始有宾至如归的感觉，甚至为一个因沉入沥青坑而死亡的可怜生物流下了眼泪。A. formed形成；B. dried (使)变干；C. wiped擦；D. shed流出。由下文“a tear for one of the poor creatures who had died”可知，作者为死去的恐龙“流泪”。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在它们奇怪的存在下，我开始有宾至如归的感觉，甚至为一个因沉入沥青坑而死亡的可怜生物流下了眼泪。A. slipping from从……滑落；B. feeding on以……为食；C. pulling over靠路边停车；D. sinking into陷入。由上文“one of the poor creatures who had died”和下文“a tar pit”可知，恐龙因“陷入”沥青坑而死。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我可能与其他博物馆建立了友谊，但ROM仍然占据了我的心。A. claims赢得、索取；B. shelters保护；C. loses失去；D. pursues追求。由上文“I may have developed friendships with other museums over the years”和转折词but可知，作者虽与其他博物馆建立了友谊，但皇家安大略博物馆仍然是作者的心之所属。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮椅已经取代了84年前的敏捷的脚，但展览中的新乐趣与我对这座博物馆之美的持久喜悦交织在一起。A. wheelchair轮椅；B. lift电梯；C. track轨道；D. slide幻灯片。与下文“the swift feet 84 years ago”形成对比，84年后作者年纪大了，行动不便需轮椅。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：轮椅已经取代了84年前的敏捷的脚，但展览中的新乐趣与我对这座博物馆之美的持久喜悦交织在一起。A. uncountable不可数的；B. enduring持久的；C. prior先前的；D. temporary临时的。呼应上文“The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) and I have been friends for more than 80 years, surely some kind of record for romance these days. (皇家安大略博物馆（ROM）和我已经是80多年的朋友了，这无疑是当今浪漫的记录)”和“I may have developed friendships with other museums over the years but the ROM still ___12___ my heart. (多年来，我可能与其他博物馆建立了友谊，但ROM仍然占据了我的心)”讲作者对ROM持久的喜爱。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些友谊永不消逝。A. fail失败；B. lie躺；C. die消失；D. cheat欺骗。呼应上文“The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) and I have been friends for more than 80 years, surely some kind of record for romance these days. (皇家安大略博物馆（ROM）和我已经是80多年的朋友了，这无疑是当今浪漫的记录)”讲作者与博物馆ROM持久的友谊，有些友谊永不“消逝”。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Qingsui is a graphic designer born and raised in the Zhuang ethnic group in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. He is working to revive traditional Chinese patterns while helping young ___36___ (enthusiast) of Chinese-chic design bring their creative visions to life. Huang spent five years traveling to numerous villages across Southwest China, ___37___ (collect) traditional patterns from local communities. In 2018, he established an online database of Chinese patterns, which now claims more than 30,000 designs categorized into over 300 themes. ___38___ time, Huang noticed that many designers started to draw inspiration from their cultural roots. This is ___39___ motivated him to launch the International Pattern Design Competition (WZD) in 2020, aiming to encourage innovation and the ___40___ (practice) application of traditional patterns in contemporary design. “My hope is ___41___ (see) more products that feature Chinese patterns make it to the market, bringing traditional designs into the mainstream ___42___ fostering a positive cycle between commerce and culture,” he said. However, he also ___43___ (note) that with modernization, many things have become standardized and industrialized, stripping away decorative elements and causing patterns to fade from our lives. Huang’s current goal is to make traditional patterns trendy and ___44___ (global) appealing. “Patterns have an immediate visual impact and can transcend language barriers, making ____45____ (they) ideal for cross-cultural exchange. I believe our traditional patterns will gain more popularity overseas in the future,” he said. 【答案】36. enthusiasts 37. collecting 38. Over 39. what 40. practical 41. to see 42. and 43. noted 44. globally 45. them 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。黄清穗是壮族的设计师，致力于复兴传统图案，帮助年轻设计师实现创意。然后他建立了纹样数据库，举办比赛，希望传统图案能进入主流市场，同时担心现代化带来的标准化问题，最后想让传统图案变得时尚并具有全球吸引力。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：他正在努力复兴中国传统图案，同时帮助中国时尚设计的年轻爱好者将他们的创意愿景变为现实。可数名词enthusiast“爱好者”为可数名词，数量大于一，用其复数形式作宾语，表泛指。故填enthusiasts。 【37题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：黄清穗花了五年时间游历中国西南部的许多村庄，从当地社区收集传统图案。spent作谓语，非谓语动词collect和主语Huang是逻辑主动关系，collect用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填collecting。 【38题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：随着时间的推移，黄清穗注意到许多设计师开始从他们的文化根源中汲取灵感。固定搭配over time“随着时间的推移”符合句意，填介词over，首字母大写。故填Over。 【39题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这促使他在2020年发起了国际图案设计大赛（WZD），旨在鼓励创新和传统图案在当代设计中的实际应用。引导表语从句，且从句缺少主语，指物，故填what。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这促使他在2020年发起了国际图案设计大赛（WZD），旨在鼓励创新和传统图案在当代设计中的实际应用。修饰名词application用形容词practical，故填practical。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“我希望看到更多以中国图案为特色的产品进入市场，通过促进商业和文化之间的良性循环，将传统设计带入主流。”说明主语hope的内容用不定式作表语，故填to see。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：他说：“我希望看到更多以中国图案为特色的产品进入市场，通过促进商业和文化之间的良性循环，将传统设计带入主流。”“bringing traditional designs into the mainstream”与“fostering a positive cycle between commerce and culture”并列作状语，填并列连词and。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，他也指出，随着现代化，许多东西都变得标准化和工业化，装饰元素被剥离，导致图案从我们的生活中消失。在句中作谓语，根据上文“he said”以及空前“also”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时态时，填动词过去式noted。故填noted。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：黄目前的目标是让传统图案流行起来，在全球范围内具有吸引力。修饰appealing用副词globally作状语，故填globally。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：他说：“图案具有直接的视觉效果，可以超越语言障碍，使其成为跨文化交流的理想选择。我相信我们的传统图案将来会在海外更受欢迎。”作动词make的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，听说你外国网友Mike对你校学生社团感兴趣，请写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 社团活动情况； 2. 你的感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2, 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, I hope you’re doing well! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I hope you’re doing well! I’m glad to share something about the student clubs in my school. There are various clubs, like the English club, art club and sports club. In the English club, we often hold English speech contests and watch English movies. The art club offers a platform for students to show their creativity. And the sports club organizes exciting competitions regularly. I really enjoy being part of these clubs. Not only do they enrich my school life but they also help me make many friends with the same interests. You can imagine how much fun we have together! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给对你校学生社团感兴趣的外国网友Mike写一封邮件，介绍你校社团活动情况和你的感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 各种各样的：various→a variety of 举办、组织：hold→conduct 帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth.→assist sb. to do sth. 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：There are various clubs, like the English club, art club and sports club. 拓展句：There are various clubs, which include the English club, art club, sports club and so on. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only do they enrich my school life but they also help me make many friends with the same interests. (运用了部分倒装结构) 【高分句型2】You can imagine how much fun we have together! (运用了how much引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’m walking around the house with a severe limp and actively second-guessing the decision I’ve made. That can only mean one thing: I just ran my one race for the year. Generally speaking, I’m not an athletic person, which means sinking into my leather sofa and watching NFL players running through the court is my favourite. Better yet, most of my office time is spent in front of my desk. My only “sport”, then, is walking to the leisure section for a cup of coffee. However, one day, out of nowhere, it came to me — why not do something semi-athletic occasionally? That’s how I started to lift weights because it’s the form of exercise that requires me to move the least. Never in a million years, back then, would I think about running. But, for the second time in a row, my 13-year-old, Betsy, signed in for this foolish 7-mile race together with me and we were accompanied by a group of three extremely in-shape people. These guys are quite an opposite style. They bike and run countless miles, often on the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which are demanding obstacle courses that require you to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon. He’s the best because in addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me. You wouldn’t think that such individuals would want to associate with me, but we all belong to the same running club. Why do I keep going if I don’t enjoy it and am getting worse every year? Pushing myself, mostly. A “bad” idea is somehow less bad if you do it consistently on a regular basis. Besides, I don’t dislike the whole race, just the exhausting running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ve known, and I love the free beer afterward. Running is just a minor stumbling block (绊脚石) on the way to the good stuff. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Anyway, I was there, waiting for the signal to start. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now, sore as my body was, I’m willing to call the race a success. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Anyway, I was there, waiting for the signal to start. Looking around, I saw Betsy’s determined face and those fit guys stretching their bodies easily. I took a deep breath, trying to calm my nerves. When the signal finally rang, we started running. At first, I managed to keep up with the group, but soon my breath became heavy and my legs felt like lead. I wanted to give up, but seeing Betsy running hard beside me, I forced myself to keep going. One step after another, I struggled forward. Now, sore as my body was, I’m willing to call the race a success. I crossed the finish line, exhausted but proud. I realized that running this race wasn’t just about the result. It was about the courage to face my weakness and the perseverance to keep going. And the free beer after the race tasted even better this time. I’m already looking forward to the next race, believing I’ll do better. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一个平时不太运动的人，但为了挑战自己，和13岁的女儿以及一群健身达人一起参加7英里赛跑。他对于跑步本身并不享受，但喜欢赛后的社交和免费啤酒，所以坚持参赛。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“不管怎样，我在那里，等待信号开始。”可知，第一段可描写作者在起跑线等待，可能会有紧张、自我怀疑的情绪，但女儿或队友的支持可能帮助他，需要描述比赛过程中的挑战，比如体力不支，但得到女儿或同伴鼓励，坚持完成比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“现在，尽管我的身体很疼，但我愿意称这场比赛为成功。”可知，第二段可描写作者赛后的情绪和感受，需要突出克服困难后的成就感，以及赛后享受啤酒和社交的满足感。强调过程比结果重要，自我挑战的意义。 2.续写线索：等待信号开始——作者紧张情绪——比赛开始——作者体力不支——作者受到鼓舞，奋力向前——赛后，身体疼痛——作者的情绪和感受——作者感悟——作者赛后享受啤酒——作者期待下一场比赛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①跟上：keep up with / catch up with ②想要做某事：want to do sth. / feel like doing sth. ③意识到：realize that / be aware that 情绪类 ①冷静下来：calm my nerves / collect myself ②疲惫不堪的：exhausted / whacked 【点睛】[高分句型1] Looking around, I saw Betsy’s determined face and those fit guys stretching their bodies easily. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] When the signal finally rang, we started running. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语试卷 注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2. 每小题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3, 考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分 30分） 注意, 听力部分答题时, 请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前, 你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man mean? A. He has some health issue. B. He is not good at spelling. C. He didn't make the first round. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Missing a concert. B. Fixing the ticket office. C. Getting replacement tickets. 3. How will the man go to the supermarket? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By e-bike. 4. What will the woman possibly do on the weekend? A. Attend an interview. B. Take care of the animals. C. Camp in the wild. 5. What did the woman order? A. Steak. B. Lamb. C. Chicken. 第二节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5分, 满分22.5 分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话, 回答第6和第7小题。 6. How did children's average pocket money change? A. Became less. B. Became more. C. Stayed the same. 7. What are the children expected to buy? A. Cellphones. B. T-shirts. C. Candies. 听下面一段对话, 回答第8至第10小题。 8. What sport does the man do? A. Football. B. Cheerleading. C. Basketball. 9. What is the man's sport like? A. It isn't very competitive. B. It values personal ability. C. It is physically demanding. 10. What is possibly the man? A. A high school student. B. A professional athlete. C. An undergraduate. 听下面一段对话, 回答第11至第13小题。 11. What does the man buy before work? A. Some biscuits. B. A cup of coffee. C. A chocolate bar. 12. Where does the woman buy her HSR ticket? A. On the phone. B. At the HSR station. C. At a convenience store. 13. How do the speakers think of the convenience store? A. Essential. B. Time-consuming. C. Insignificant. 听下面一段对话, 回答第14至第17小题。 14. Where is the man going? A. A travel agency. B. A bank. C. A hotel. 15. How does the woman suggest booking accommodation? A. Making a phone call. B. Going in person. C. Using an application. 16. What should the man do in Spain? A. Be careful of his belongings. B. Watch a football match. C. Take an adventure. 17. When is the possible dinner time in Spain? A. 7:30 pm. B. 9:30 pm. C. 11:30 pm. 听下面一段独白, 回答第18至第20小题。 18. What usage of facial features is mentioned? A. To pay bills. B. To identify diseases. C. To unlock a smartphone. 19. Which country does the word "doppelganger" come from? A. Germany. B. India. C. America. 20. What are the chances of meeting your doppelganger? A. Most likely. B. Half and half. C. Nearly impossible. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Reading is personal, but if you want to share your love for an author, discuss a book’s sensitive moral questions, then it need not be an isolated affair. Here are four of the best book clubs to bring like-minded bookworms together Silent Book Club Small talk? No, thanks. Homework? Pass. Silent Book Club is all about enjoying books, company without having to think of something smart to say. Founded in 2012 by a couple of friends who liked to read in companionable silence, it now has over 240 “chapters” (groups); they think it’s important to put down our phones and be “real, live, breathing-the-same-air social”. The only thing you should pay for is your drinks ($1 each). Reese’s Book Club Reese Witherspoon has her name in the lists of some of the most sparkling book-to-screen adaptations to date. Each month, Witherspoon picks two current, joyful, and thought-provoking books with female leads and shares them through Reese’s Book Club (membership $90 per year). Her international credit has authors flocking to her feed to talk about their books and answer all your burning questions. Book of the Month Book of the Month is all about finding the best new reads - “early releases, fresh perspectives, and debut authors”. Each month some lovely people with great taste search through hundreds of new releases to find the five best books hitting the shelves. Then, for $14.99 a month, you are in and can pick your fave and it’ll be delivered to your door in a bright blue box. Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club It’s probably safe to call Goodreads the biggest virtual reading community. If you want really solid book recommendations, check out the Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club. The club works its way through top-rated titles from the site’s Readers’ Choice Awards and uses group discussion boards to chat about their thoughts. No fees will be charged. 1. Where can club members exchange ideas with authors? A. In Reese’s Book Club. B. In Silent Book Club. C. In Book of the Month. D. In Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club. 2. How much is a one-month membership in Book of the Month? A. $1. B. $90. C. $14.99. D. Free. 3. What is the feature of Goodreads Choice Awards Book Club? A. Members are privileged to share their thoughts. B. Book-oriented film adaptions are highly stressed. C. The best and latest books are on top of its recommendation. D. It offers high-quality recommendation and a forum for discussion. B In sculptor Sun Yuli’s memory, he remembers his mother as an intelligent and kind woman who had many friends and often made Russian snacks. It turns out that she was an extraordinary woman with stories to tell. His mother, Zhang Yulian, was China’s first female war correspondent. Zhang was born in the northeastern Chinese city of Harbin in 1914, the year when World War I broke out. Her parents nicknamed her Juju, which translates as “union”, in the hope that the small family might weather chaotic times together. Unfortunately, it was not to be. Soon after her mother’s death, her father left the 2-year-old with a wealthy, childless Russian couple who raised her from age 2 to 19, when her adoptive mother passed away. In 1937, at the age of 23, Zhang was studying at Yenching University when a Japanese invasion of China broke out. She fled south to escape the bloodshed and later joined former Soviet Union’s Tass News Agency (TNA). She came well prepared for the job — fluent in Russian and having done some studies in journalism. She was among many ordinary people who answered the call to defend the country in their own ways. In March 1938, Zhang was sent to cover the Battle of Xuzhou, where she joined other reporters who had to endure daily Japanese bombing as they followed the front line. A Chinese brigadier (旅长) she interviewed was surprised to see a female reporter and gifted her a Browning pistol for self-defense. The pistol accompanied her on many fronts across China for the next five years. But in 1942, when Zhang returned to Yenching University to continue with her classes in the southwest city of Chengdu, she had to sell the Browning for travel and tuition. Zhang used her non-sensationalized, rational and very detailed descriptions to wipe away the mist in history and reveal a true front line in front of us. 4. Why was Zhang an ideal war correspondent for TNA? A. She experienced retreats during the Japanese invasion. B. She had adequate language and education background. C. She was adopted by a Chinese couple at two. D. She was born and raised in a time of chaos. 5. What difficulty was Zhang faced with in 1942? A. She lost her gift given by a Chinese brigadier. B. She had to give up her career as a journalist. C. She needed money to continue her education. D. She had a hard time catching up with other students. 6. Which of the following best describe Zhang? A. Courageous and patriotic. B. Gifted and informed. C. Perseverant and independent. D. Ambitious and cautious. 7 What is the text type of this passage? A. A collection of reports. B. An abstract of a thesis. C. A foreword of a biography. D. A brief of an event. C Nature is always evolving in fascinating ways, and one lizard from the tropical rainforests of southwestern Costa Rica and Panama is a perfect example of that. Anolis aquaticus, better known as the water anole, is semi-aquatic with a remarkable survival trick. Often called “scuba-diving lizards,” they’ve developed the ability to create an air bubble over their heads, allowing them to breathe while underwater. These small lizards — with a length of about 6 to 8 inches — are a favorite snack for many predators, including birds and snakes. When threatened, they often dive underwater and form a bubble over their noses using their skin, allowing them to draw in oxygen while submerged. Lindsey Swierk, an assistant research professor of biological sciences at Binghamton University, wanted to learn if this bubble really helped them stay underwater for longer, compared to lizards without a bubble. She carried out an experiment where she applied a substance to the lizards’ skin to stop them from forming bubbles. “Lizard skin is hydrophobic (疏水的),” Swierk explains. “Typically, that allows air to stick very tightly to the skin and permits this bubble to form. But when you cover the skin with a cream, air no longer sticks to the skin surface, so the bubbles can’ t form.” The research revealed that lizards in the control group, which weren’t exposed to the cream, were able to remain underwater 32% longer than those without an air bubble. “This is really significant because this is the first experiment that truly shows adaptive significance of bubbles,” says Swierk. “Rebreathing bubbles allow lizards to stay underwater longer. Before, we suspected it — we saw a pattern — but we didn’t actually test if it served a functional role.” Thanks to their life-saving bubble, water lizards can stay underwater for 20 minutes or longer, allowing them to escape predators and stay safely disguised until the danger passes. Swierk’s fascinating findings have led other researchers to look into the creature and what stimulated its survival mechanism. Some guess that the bubble is actually a gill (鳃), and others are wondering if this bubble-breathing adaptation is also common among other lizard species. 8. How do Anolis protect themselves from predators? A. By widening their mouth to pose threatening gestures. B. By blowing bubbles to provide oxygen underwater. C. By changing their colors to hide in the bushes. D. By shaking their tails to make loud noise. 9. What can we infer from Swierk’ s words in paragraph 5? A. The experiment is to prove a previous assumption. B. The lizard serves a functional role in the ecological chain. C. The study of Anolis has been conducted for a long time. D. The contact of skin and water is important for Anolis. 10. Which of the following will be the possible research direction? A. The classification of this species. B. The practicability of this adaptation. C. The perfection of its hydrophobic skin. D. The contributing factors of its evolution. 11. Which title is suitable for the passage? A. Lizard, the Amphibian Magician B. Evolution: a Fascinating Topic C. Bubble, the Critical Helper D. Survival: a Hidden Drive D In the 1990s, anthropologist Robin Dunbar noticed a link between the size of a primate’s (灵长动物的) brain and the size of its social group. He then suggested that the number of relationships humans can maintain is typically about 150. Now, researchers have applied this idea of Dunbar’s number to AI models. Giordano De Marzo, at the University of Konstanz, and his colleagues assigned each copy of the same AI model a random opinion on a binary problem, such as which side of the road a new country should drive on. At each step of the experiment, they chose one copy at random and told it what opinion all the other models held and why, then asked if it would like to update its own — parallel to humans attempting to reach agreement in loose social groups. The results show that high-end AI models could make it every time, yet copies of smaller and less powerful models failed. The results show that although the models in each test were identical, there was no inborn mechanism to reach agreement. Dunbar believes that as models grow more powerful, they will improve the ability to reason about mental and emotional states, which is key to cooperation in humans. “It certainly looks promising to achieve scientific breakthroughs because AI could find agreement between different groups much faster than us,” says Dunbar. Philip Feldman at the University of Maryland says AI models with a high Dunbar number may be able to reach agreement on a problem, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they will find a good solution. He believes diversity is key to problem solving, which is hard in groups made up of the same AI model. “The way that living organisms have solved this is to have populations different in the way of thinking,” says Feldman. A larger issue is whether it even makes sense to talk about copies of an AI model as a group of individuals says Michael Rovatsos at the University of Edinburgh. “The models don’t understand what they are, how they are separate from other models or what the experiment’s purpose is. For AI models, presence of others isn’t treated any differently from saying ‘give me ad pizza recipe’,” he says. 12. What does the underlined word “parallel” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Senior. B. Similar. C. Unique. D. Opposite. 13. Which of the following is a binary question? A. What did you want to be when you were a child? B. Who would you choose to be your fitness instructor? C. Have you reviewed the latest version of the document? D. How would you feel about working as part of a team? 14. What’s the possible result of lacking diversity? A. The Dunbar number will be restricted. B. Mental and emotional states will get in the way. C. A community will be hard to reach agreement. D. It will be more challenging to tackle difficulties. 15. What problem is implied in the last paragraph? A. AI models have trouble in self-identification. B. AI models lack the ability to generate emotions. C. AI models can't bear the experiment. D. AI models can only respond in one way. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You swing by your favorite convenience store and grab a Coke and snack. That soda is already more expensive than it used to be, and now the payment screen implies you to add a 20% tip on top. “Should I pay that extra money?” you may ask yourself. ___16___. Social media is filled with stories of being asked to tip everywhere from airport stands to fast casual restaurants. So do you really have to shell out that extra dollar or two? Here’s what you need to know. Why Americans are tipping more? Myka Meier, a manner expert, tells Money that one cause of that change is wanting to thank workers in higher risk, higher contact service jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic. ___17___ Who should you always tip? When is it OK not to tip? It’s easy to feel guilty about skipping that tip when you buy something quick. But Meier says you don’t need to. It’s not strictly necessary to tip in a fast food or quick service restaurant. ___18___, she notes, where the expectation is still that customers should leave a tip of between 15% and 20% of their bill. ___19___, some experts suggest considering whether a worker relies on tips for income. In the case of a cashier, they might not. Waiters and bartenders, on the other hand, often rely on tips as a significant portion of their paychecks. It’s also important to consider tips as part of your budget. “This is something you should factor into what you’re doing,” says Emerald Mills, owner of Turning Tables restaurant. And at the end of the day, it’s also important to keep in mind what a tip was originally intended to convey: appreciation for service, even if you’re dealing with a fast casual restaurant or stand. ___20___ — like taking time to prepare something special for you or being extra friendly during a busy time — you may wish to leave a tip! A. When deciding whether to leave a tip B. That’s very different from service at a sit-down restaurant C. Meanwhile, the rise of living cost has been another factor D. It is a part of the culture deeply rooted in the United States E. Tipping used to be about showing appreciation for good service F. If someone goes above and beyond to give you exceptional service G. Confusing, pressure-filled situations like that are increasingly common 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) and I have been friends for more than 80 years, surely some kind of record for romance these days. It plays a(n) ___21___ role in our friendship. The ROM may be shy about expressing ___22___ , yet have always been rewarded with love when I approached it. My passion began when, as a 6-year-old, I skipped up the steps. At the top of the steps, the huge oak doors opened into a large room that combined elements of a castle, made of ___23___ shades of marble stone, and a shiny ceiling of gold. In the center of the floor ___24___ an enormous sunburst (艳阳), its ___25___ reaching out to each comer. The ceiling was painted with bright symbols, so that looking upward ___26___ a burst of pure joy. Later in life, it’s been my delight to visit the museum. My first ___27___ was always at the dinosaurs. Then and now, they are my favorite ___28___ all the beautiful exhibits at the museum. I am fascinated by their huge ___29___ . Over the years, I would still feel thrilled while in face of these giants. I came to feel at home in their weird presence, and even ____30____ a tear for one of the poor creatures who had died by ____31____ a tar pit (沥青坑). I may have developed friendships with other museums over the years but the ROM still ____32____ my heart. My latest adventure at the ROM was a celebration of my 90th birthday, when all my families enjoyed different displays. A ____33____ has replaced the swift feet 84 years ago, but the new delights on exhibition mix with my ____34____ joy in the beauty of this museum. Some friendships never ____35____ . 21. A. subjective B. passive C. interactive D. defensive 22. A. affection B. regret C. gratitude D. guilt 23. A. melting B. inspiring C. varying D. concerning 24 A. stuck B. lay C. stood D. marched 25. A. branches B. visions C. senses D. rays 26. A. brought B. loaded C. marked D. decreased 27. A. figure B. note C. leg D. impression 28. A. together with B. from within C. out of D. instead of 29. A. nerves B. sizes C. existence D. appetite 30. A. formed B. dried C. wiped D. shed 31. A. slipping from B. feeding on C. pulling over D. sinking into 32. A. claims B. shelters C. loses D. pursues 33. A. wheelchair B. lift C. track D. slide 34. A. uncountable B. enduring C. prior D. temporary 35. A. fail B. lie C. die D. cheat 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Qingsui is a graphic designer born and raised in the Zhuang ethnic group in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. He is working to revive traditional Chinese patterns while helping young ___36___ (enthusiast) of Chinese-chic design bring their creative visions to life. Huang spent five years traveling to numerous villages across Southwest China, ___37___ (collect) traditional patterns from local communities. In 2018, he established an online database of Chinese patterns, which now claims more than 30,000 designs categorized into over 300 themes. ___38___ time, Huang noticed that many designers started to draw inspiration from their cultural roots. This is ___39___ motivated him to launch the International Pattern Design Competition (WZD) in 2020, aiming to encourage innovation and the ___40___ (practice) application of traditional patterns in contemporary design. “My hope is ___41___ (see) more products that feature Chinese patterns make it to the market, bringing traditional designs into the mainstream ___42___ fostering a positive cycle between commerce and culture,” he said. However, he also ___43___ (note) that with modernization, many things have become standardized and industrialized, stripping away decorative elements and causing patterns to fade from our lives. Huang’s current goal is to make traditional patterns trendy and ___44___ (global) appealing. “Patterns have an immediate visual impact and can transcend language barriers, making ____45____ (they) ideal for cross-cultural exchange. I believe our traditional patterns will gain more popularity overseas in the future,” he said. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，听说你的外国网友Mike对你校学生社团感兴趣，请写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 社团活动情况； 2. 你的感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应80左右； 2, 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, I hope you’re doing well! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’m walking around the house with a severe limp and actively second-guessing the decision I’ve made. That can only mean one thing: I just ran my one race for the year. Generally speaking, I’m not an athletic person, which means sinking into my leather sofa and watching NFL players running through the court is my favourite. Better yet, most of my office time is spent in front of my desk. My only “sport”, then, is walking to the leisure section for a cup of coffee. However, one day, out of nowhere, it came to me — why not do something semi-athletic occasionally? That’s how I started to lift weights because it’s the form of exercise that requires me to move the least. Never in a million years, back then, would I think about running. But, for the second time in a row, my 13-year-old, Betsy, signed in for this foolish 7-mile race together with me and we were accompanied by a group of three extremely in-shape people. These guys are quite an opposite style. They bike and run countless miles, often on the same day. One has done dozens of Spartan Races, which are demanding obstacle courses that require you to crawl through mud, flip tires and throw spears. Another is training for a triathlon. He’s the best because in addition to being faster than me on foot, in the water and on wheels, he can also outlift me. You wouldn’t think that such individuals would want to associate with me, but we all belong to the same running club. Why do I keep going if I don’t enjoy it and am getting worse every year? Pushing myself, mostly. A “bad” idea is somehow less bad if you do it consistently on a regular basis. Besides, I don’t dislike the whole race, just the exhausting running part. I like seeing all the running club members I’ve known, and I love the free beer afterward. Running is just a minor stumbling block (绊脚石) on the way to the good stuff. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Anyway, I was there, waiting for the signal to start. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now, sore as my body was, I’m willing to call the race a success. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$