Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Writing——如何写自然界给我们的启示(练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第三册同步学习指导(外研版2019)

2025-03-15
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河北万卷文化有限公司
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册
年级 高二
章节 Unit 5 Learning from Nature
类型 作业-同步练
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
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地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-03-15
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作者 河北万卷文化有限公司
品牌系列 成才之路·高中新教材同步学习指导
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练案[20] Unit 5  Learning from nature Section Ⅳ  Writing——如何写自然界给我们的启示 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A     A young girl,who enjoys being the center of attention,may act out for her friends and family. Then one day her mother tells her to stop being so silly and grow up. This negative attention may make the girl feel ashamed of her behavior and from then on,hold back her freespiritedness and then go through life feeling as if she cant fully express herself for fear of being laughed at. The girls experience shows how people live with shame when they have been criticized (批评)for just being themselves. When it comes to teenagers,there are times they can be extremely difficult and try their parents patience. When parents become frustrated,they may say things like “I am starting to really not like you.”They may not mean what they say. They may just be tired of arguing with the teenager and have become emotionally overwhelmed. However,the teenager doesnt know their words are out of frustration,and may feel his parents are telling him theyre sorry they ever had him. The child may conclude that he is a bad person. Such casual criticism by parents can linger and stick to children like glue. How to make this better?The next time a child shows you a drawing hes done,or sings a song for you in an effort to get your attention,recognize that your response may be extremely important toward the childs willingness to continue to explore these creative efforts. When a child is dancing and an adult makes fun of him, the negativity he feels can completely shut the child down from that activity,or even worse,fill him with shame as if somethings wrong with him. That is why it is so important for parents to recognize that children are exploring their world. The more encouragement we show them and the more we keep their sense of whats possible alive,the more likely they will be to explore and find their own enthusiasm in life. They will keep alive their joy and their dreams for the future. As parents,I dont think we can hope for anything more. 1. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?    A. By describing a scene. B. By giving an explanation. C. By making a comparison. D. By providing an example. 2. What effect can parents mindless criticism have on children?    A. They may have a low opinion of themselves for long. B. They may no longer feel afraid of being made fun of. C. They may want to challenge their parents patience further. D. They may work harder to live up to their parents expectations. 3. What are parents advised to do when a child seeks for attention?    A. Point out his weaknesses. B. Protect his passion for exploration. C. Comment on his behavior. D. Encourage his reflection on himself. B     California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s,according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素). The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests,the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected,from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country,the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre,an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressiv                                                                e wildfire —671— control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源). But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010,Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed,taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil,and the timing of snowmelt(融雪). Since the 1930s,Mclntyre said,the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures,which cause trees to lose more water to the air,and earlier snowmelt,which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 4. What is the second paragraph mainly about?    A. The seriousness of bigtree loss in California. B. The increasing variety of California big trees. C. The distribution of big trees in California forests. D. The influence of farming on big trees in California. 5. Which of the following is wellintentioned but may be bad for big trees?    A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting. C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures. 6. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?    A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season. C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text?    A. Californias Forests:Where Have All the Big Trees Gone? B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests? D. Patrick Mclntyre:                                  Grow More Big Trees in California    Ⅱ.语法填空     Speaking of extreme sports,what come into our mind are 1.           (activity)full of excitement and adventure. Extreme sports can offer you the freedom of 2.           (challenge)yourself physically and psychologically (在心理上)to perform feats (壮举)or even make you feel sick. As a result,many people regard extreme sports,like bungee jumping, 3.           a special attempt (尝试)rather than a kind of sport.     However,in my opinion,getting involved in an extreme sport is 4.           great way,not only to have fun,but also to keep a healthy body 5.           (weigh). Extreme sports can push your bodys limits,so youll be able to bum extra calories and many extreme sports require you 6.           (use)all your muscles.     Another benefit of practicing extreme sports 7.           (be)that you will be in shape. Exercising has always been great for the human body. Try something 8.           (wonder)instead and feel that you are alive. Being in good shape is a sign of a healthy lifestyle, 9.           is based on a healthy diet and lots of exercising. Extreme sports 10.           (equip)with all kinds of features and characters that sports should have.    Ⅲ.应用文写作     某英语周报组织了有关“自然界给我们的启示” 的故事评选。假定你最喜欢的故事是《拔苗助长》, 请你根据以下提示写一篇短文参加评选: (1)简述《拔苗助长》的故事; (2)你的感悟。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:秧苗seedling  喘气                    gasp —771— 掉,这使作者很沮丧。因此本文的主题选项A“社会进步和城 市化是有代价的”符合题意。故选A项。 Ⅱ.文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。作者和父母搬到了新奥尔良。 他厌恶这个地方,后来得到了当地人的关爱,最终决定把这里当 作自己的家。 1. A  考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我讨厌新奥尔良!我想回 家!”当我们搬箱子的时候,我向妈妈宣布。A. announced宣 布;B. replied回答;C. turned转变;D. pointed指出。根据“I hate New Orleans!I wanna go home!”可知,向妈妈“宣布”。故 选A。 2. C  考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,回家并不容易,因为我的 家在1,100英里之外。A. Therefore因此;B. Instead相反,反 而;C. However然而;D. Besides另外。根据第一句“I hate New Orleans!I wanna go home!”和空格后的“going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away.”可知,前后是一 种“转折”关系。故选C。 3. B  考查动词词义辨析。句意:我在北弗吉尼亚出生并长大。 A. trained训练;B. raised抚养,提高,举起;C. promoted促进, 提升;D. fed喂养。根据下文的“Virginia was my home”可知, 作者在弗吉尼亚“长大”。故选B。 4. D  考查动词词义辨析。句意:弗吉尼亚是我的家,我从没想 过我会改变。A. develop开发,进步;B. continue继续;C. exist 存在;D. change改变。根据第4 空前后的内容“I never expected”和“In 2014,my family experienced a tragedy (悲剧), so my parents decided to move to my moms hometown of New Orleans.”可知,作者并没想“改变”。故选D。 5. D  考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我父母做出搬家决定后仅仅 三个月,我就开始把箱子搬进我们的新家。A. command命令, 指挥;B. suggestion建议;C. excuse借口;D. decision决定。根 据第5 空后的“I found myself moving boxes into our new house.”可知,作者一家在“决定”后搬家。固定搭配:make a decision“做出决定”。故选D。 6. C  考查动词词义辨析。句意:我对母亲说我讨厌新环境,部 分原因是它太热了,但主要是因为我觉得我的整个生活都被 颠覆了。A. preferred更喜欢;B. missed错过,想念;C. hate厌 恶;D. imagined想象。根据第6空后的“the new environment was partly motivated by how hot it was,but it was mostly due to the fact that I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down.”可知,作者“厌恶”新家。故选C。 7. B  考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在距离我所熟悉的人和事 1,100英里之外的地方,我感到害怕。A. surprised感到吃惊 的;B. frightened 感到害怕的;C. delighted 感到高兴的; D. relieved感到宽慰的。根据第7空前的“1,100 miles away from everyone and everything I had ever known”可知,此处指作 者“感到害怕”。故选B。 8. D  考查名词词义辨析。句意:开始高中生活本身就是一段可怕 的经历。A. performance表现,表演;B. region地区;C. presentation 描述,展示;D. experience经历。根据第8空前后“Beginning high school is a scary”和“on its own”可知,高中“经历”是艰难的。故 选D。 9. B  考查副词词义辨析。句意:我在新奥尔良度过了头几个 月,非常想回到弗吉尼亚的家。A. partly部分地,在一定程度 上;B. badly非常;C. slightly稍微;D. hardly几乎不。根据第9 空前后的内容“my first few months in New Orleans”和“wanting to go home to Virginia”可知,作者“非常”想家。故选B。 10. A  考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是在几个月的思念之后,我 意识到我有一个选择。A. realized意识到;B. remembered记 得;C. observed观察;D. complained抱怨。根据第10空后的 “I had a choice”可知,此处指作者“意识到”有个选择。故 选A。 11. C  考查并列连词。句意:我可以继续思考我有多想念我的 老房子,或者我可以开始尝试在这里建一个新家。A. and 和;B. but但是;C. or或者;D. so所以。根据第11空后的“I chose the latter.”可知,作者是在两个抉择中做出的选择。故 选C。 12. A  考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我不再关注我有多想念弗 吉尼亚时,我开始接受人们已经给予我的爱。A. attention注 意力,关注;B. patience耐心;C. trust信任;D. confidence信 心。根据第12空后的“how much I missed Virginia,I was able to begin accepting the love that people were already giving me.” 可知,作者不再“关注”想家这件事。故选A。 13. B  考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的邻居教我做一些新奥尔 良的食物,我发现了一个很棒的厨师和邻居社区。 A. generation世代;B. community社区;C. race种族;D. school 学校。根据第13空前的“My neighbor taught me how to cook some New Orleans food”可知,作者找到一个好“社区”。故 选B。 14. D  考查动词词义辨析。句意:总之,我抓住每一个可能的 机会来完善自己,重建我的生活。A. teach教;B. accept接 受;C. judge判断;D. better胜过,改善。根据第14空后的 “myself and to rebuild my life”可知,作者要开始新生活,“改 善”自己。故选D。 15. C  考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为我为自己创造了一个新 家的韧性和人们对我的爱,家就在这里。A. belief 信仰; B. freedom自由;C. love爱;D. interest兴趣。根据第15空后 的“people have shown to me,home is right here”可知,作者在 新地方得到了人们的“爱”。故选C。 练案[20] Ⅰ.文章大意:这是一篇说明文。作者指出父母无意的批评会让 孩子长久以来都看低自己,并建议当孩子寻求关注时,父母应该 保护他探索的热情。 1. D  推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“A young girl,who enjoys being the center of attention,may act out for her friends and family.”(一个喜欢成为关注焦点的年轻女孩,可能会在朋友 和家人面前表现出来。)可知,第一段是讲述一个年轻女孩的 经历。根据第二段“The girls experience shows how people live with shame when they have been criticized (批评)for just being themselves.”(这个女孩的经历告诉我们,当人们因为做自己 而受到批评时,他们是如何羞愧地生活的。)可知,文章是通过 举例来引入主题。故选D。 2. A   细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“The child may conclude that he is a bad person. Such casual criticism by parents can linger and stick to children like glue.”(                                                                      这孩子可能断定他 —222— 是一个差劲的人。父母这种漫不经心的批评会像胶水一样粘 在孩子身上。)可知,父母无意的批评会让孩子长久以来都看 低自己。故选A。 3. B  细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The next time a child shows you a drawing hes done,or sings a song for you in an effort to get your attention, recognize that your response may be extremely important toward the childs willingness to continue to explore these creative efforts.”(下次当一个孩子向你展示他完 成的一幅画,或为你唱一首歌以吸引你的注意时,你要意识到 你的反应可能对孩子继续探索这些创造性努力的意愿极其重 要。)以及倒数第二段“The more encouragement we show them and the more we keep their sense of whats possible alive,the more likely they will be to explore and find their own enthusiasm in life.”(我们越鼓励他们,我们越能保持他们对可能发生的 事情的意识,他们就越有可能在生活中探索并找到自己的热 情。)可知,当孩子寻求关注时,父母应该保护他探索的热情。 故选B。 文章大意:文章主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚州的森林面临着的 巨大危机,大型树木在急剧减少,作者阐述了现象,并分析了其 原因。 4. A  段落主旨题。根据文章第二段“The number of trees. . . declined by 50 percent. . . more than 55 percent. . . 75 percent”等 数字可知,该段主要讲述了加州森林中大树急剧减少的严重 性,故选A项。 5. D  推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Aggressive wildfire control. . . compete with. . . resources”可知,由于激进的森林防 火措施,虽然一定程度上保护了森林,但同时也导致小树泛 滥,与大树争抢资源,从而导致大树数量骤减,所以选D项。 6. C   细节理解题。根据最后一段“Since the 1930s,Mclntyre said. . . have been rising temperatures. . . reduces the water. . .”可 知,水资源短缺的一个主因是逐渐上升的气候温度,故选 C项。 7. A  主旨大意题。根据全文可知,主要讲述了美国加州森林中 大树数量急剧下降的现象,并分析了原因。由此A项能很好 地概括全文。 Ⅱ.文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了极限运动,作者认为参 加极限运动是一个很好的方式,不仅有乐趣,而且可以保持健康 的体重。极限运动的另一个好处是你可以保持体形。极限运动 具有运动应有的各种特征和特点。 1. activities  考查名词。activity为可数名词,此处前文没有冠 词,be动词are是复数,故应用复数形式。故填activities。 2. challenging  考查非谓语动词。上文of为介词,后跟动名词短 语作宾语。故填challenging。 3. as  考查介词。句意:因此,许多人将极限运动如蹦极,视为 一种特殊的尝试,而不是一种运动。regard. . . as固定短语, “将……视为”,故填as。 4. a  考查冠词。way为可数名词,此处为泛指,应用不定冠词, 且great为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 5. weight  考查名词。句意:然而,在我看来,参加极限运动是一 个很好的方式,不仅有乐趣,而且可以保持健康的体重。根据 上文a healthy body可知应填名词weight,作动词keep的宾语, 故填weight。 6. to use  考查非谓语动词。句意:极限运动会让你的身体达到 极限,所以你会消耗额外的卡路里,而且许多极限运动需要你 动用全身肌肉。require sb. to do sth.固定短语,“需要某人做 某事”,故填to use。 7. is  考查主谓一致。此处描述客观事实应用一般现在时,主语 为Another benefit,故谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填is。 8. wonderful  考查形容词。句意:尝试一些美好的事情,感觉你 还活着。修饰不定代词something,表示“美好的事情”,应用 形容词wonderful作后置定语。故填wonderful。 9. which  考查定语从句。句意:身材好是健康生活方式的标 志,而健康生活方式的基础是健康的饮食和许多的运动。此 处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词healthy lifestyle,指物,且 从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词which,故填which。 10. are equipped  考查时态语态。句意:极限运动具有运动应有 的各种特征和特点。be equipped with固定短语,“具有”,此处 描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语为Extreme sports,谓语 动词用复数。故填are equipped。 Ⅲ.参考范文: In ancient times,there was a man who wanted the seedlings in his field to grow faster and went to the edge of the field every day. But one day,two days,three days passed,and the seedlings did not seem to grow at all. He walked up and down the field anxiously, saying to himself,“I must think of a way to help them grow.”One day,he finally thought of something to do. He rushed to the field and pulled up the seedlings one by one. He was exhausted from working from noon till sunset. When he got home,he gasped for breath and said to his son,“I am tired out. My efforts have paid off. The seedlings all grew in great lengths.”His son did not understand what was going on. He went to the field and found that all the crops were dead. This fable also tells a specific truth:“More haste, less speed.” 练案[21] 一、语言基础训练 Ⅰ. 1. secretly  2. disposed  3. bent  4. to find  5. had been  6. at  7.(should)be made  8. innocence  9. shaved  10. weekly Ⅱ. 1. as if  2. insisted on  3. glared at  4. long for 5. at the beginning  6. early on  7. by the time  8. At any moment 9. broke out  10. be famous for Ⅲ. 1. only to find  2. glanced at  3. shook his head as if to say 4. does hope  5. got a degree from 二、培优提升训练 Ⅰ.文章大意:这是一篇议论文。本文主要论述的是随着航空业 的温室气体排放量的逐年增加,作为个人来讲,放弃或严格限制 飞行次数的行为是有必要的。 1. B   推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Electric and solar powered airliners are reportedly in development at Wright Electric and Airbus among others,but battery technology still falls behind jet fuels.”(据报道,Wright Electric和Airbus等公司正在研发 电动和太阳能客机,但电池技术仍落后于喷气式飞机的燃 料。)可知,由于技术原因,                                                                      用于电动飞机的电池还不足以支持 —223—

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Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Writing——如何写自然界给我们的启示(练案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第三册同步学习指导(外研版2019)
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