内容正文:
练案[4]
Ⅰ.文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们是如何积
累自己的睡眠债务的,以及长期这样下去对身体造成的影响。
1. A 推理判断题。通过第一段“Lets do some sleep math. . . .—
in this case something like six hours,almost a full nights sleep.”
让我们做一些睡眠数学。上周,因为周五要完成一项大项目,
你每天晚上都要少睡两个小时。在周六和周日,你睡过头,多
睡了4个小时。周一早上,你感觉眼睛很亮,而且你只喝了一
杯咖啡,而不是通常的两杯。但是不要被你的精力所欺骗:你
仍然背负着沉重的睡意,或者专家们所说的“睡眠债”——在
这种情况下,大约6个小时,几乎是一整晚的睡眠。由此判断
出睡眠数学的目的是简明形象地告诉我们是如何积累自己的
睡眠债务的。故选A。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第二段开头“Sleep debt is the difference
between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount
you actually get.”可知告诉了我们睡眠债是你应该得到的睡
眠量和你实际得到的睡眠量之间的差额,这是睡眠债的定义,
所以是采用了下定义的方法。故选B。
3. C 词句猜测题。最后一段划线前句子“So earn back that lost
sleep—and follow the orders of your inner sleep needs,and youll
feel better.”可知,所以,按照你内心的睡眠需求来做,你就会
感觉更好。由此判断出划线句子的意思是说如果你睡眠充足
了,就会状态很好。故选C。
4. D 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了我们是如何积累自己的睡
眠债务的,以及长期这样下去对身体造成的影响。D项:Can
You Catch up on Sleep Debt?你能补上睡眠债吗?说明了睡眠
债的危害,给我们敲响了警钟。适合作为本文标题,故选D。
文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Terry Fox的故
事。他从没想过他会过上非同寻常的生活。他喜欢运动,但没
有人认为他有天赋。然而,Terry的特殊之处在于他有决心。后
来他患了癌症,装上了一条假腿,他决心面对它。他被认为是他
人生各个领域的赢家。
5. D 推理判断题。根据第三段内容“One night Terry was
looking through an article about Dick Traum. . . It will be a
Marathon of Hope!(一天晚上,特里正在看一篇关于迪克·特
劳姆的文章,他也有一条人造腿,参加过纽约马拉松比赛。
“如果他能做到”,特里想,“我也可以。事实上,我将穿越加
拿大,为癌症研究筹集资金。这将是一场给人带来希望的马
拉松!”)”可推断,迪克·特劳姆的鼓舞人心的经历让特里决
定穿越加拿大。故选D。
6. A 推理判断题。根据第五段的“Because Terry had an
artificial leg,. . . His action made people join him as he ran(因为
特里有一条假腿,所以跑步既不容易,也不直接。他必须用一
只脚跳两次,然后用他真正的腿迈出了一大步。虽然看起来
很尴尬,但他仍然继续跑。他的行动促使人们加入他一起跑
步)”可知,特里跑步的情景感动了人们,人们纷纷加入他一
起跑步。故选A。
7. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Then,outside Thunder
Bay,Ontario,Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest. The pain was
from cancer;this time in his lungs. He had to abandon the
Marathon after 3,339 miles.(然后,在安大略省的雷湾外,特
里感到胸口一阵剧痛。疼痛来自癌症,这一次是在他的肺部。
他不得不在跑了3,339英里后放弃了这次马拉松。)”可知,来
自癌症的身体剧痛让特里最终放弃了马拉松跑步。故选C。
8. C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“They showed that he had
cancer. He was going to lose his leg and be given an artificial one.
(检查显示他得了癌症,将会失去一条腿,安装一条假腿。)”;
第四段的“And then he also began to run a little every day. Each
day he ran a little farther. It is 5,300 miles across Canada.(然后
他也开始每天跑一点,每天都要再跑多一点,横跨加拿大
5,300英里。)”,第五段的“Although it looked awkward,he still
kept on running.(虽然看起来很尴尬,但他仍然继续跑。)”可
推断,特里尽管患了癌症,换了一条假腿,仍旧穿越加拿大募
捐,使用假腿跑步很尴尬,但特里仍旧坚持跑步,因此推断特
里是意志坚强的。故选C。
Ⅱ.文章大意:本文主要讲述了英语的发展历史和对英语的发展
影响比较大的两个人物。
1. the 考查冠词。at the end of. . .“在……结尾”,为习惯搭配。
故填the。
2. them 考查代词。由空前的of可知,此处应该用宾格them,指
代的是上句中的“about five to seven million people”。故填
them。
3. voyages 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知,此处应填名词,
因voyage是可数名词,其前没有限定词,故填voyages。
4. learning 考查动词ing形式作定语。people与learn之间为逻
辑上的主谓关系,故填learning。
5. rapidly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰动词,填副
词形式。故填rapidly。
6. as 考查介词。此处指许多其他国家的人把英语作为外语来
说。as表示“作为”,符合语境。故填as。
7. was based 考查动词的时态和语态。be based on. . .表示
“以……为基础”,为固定搭配,且此处表示的是过去的情况,
故填was based.
8. because 考查连词。根据语境可知,上下文之间是因果关系,
且为前果后因,故填because。
9. enriched 考查词形转换和时态。结合下文中的“making
English with more words”可知,莎士比亚扩大了英语词汇量。
此事发生在过去,故填enriched,表示“使丰富”。
10. that / which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导
定语从句,指代先行词dictionary,并在从句中作主语,故填
that / which。
Ⅲ.参考范文:
Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventure novels
written by the English writer Daniel Defoe.
It is about the story of Robinson Crusoe,an Englishman who is
cast away on an isolated island. He builds himself a hut,grows crops
himself,and becomes selfsufficient. After 23 years he meets a young
native and names him Friday. Crusoe and Friday become close
friends,and four years later,they are rescued and both of them
return to England.
This novel is famous for its attractive details and is regarded as
the first realistic novel in the British liter
ary history.
—203—
练案[4] Unit 1 Face Values
Section Ⅳ Writing——文学名著中的经典形象
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Lets do some sleep math. You lost two hours of
sleep every night last week because of a big project due
on Friday. On Saturday and Sunday,you slept in,
getting four extra hours. On Monday morning,you were
feeling so brighteyed,and you only had one cup of
coffee,instead of your usual two. But dont be cheated
by your energy:Youre still carrying around a heavy
load of sleepiness,or what experts call “sleep debt”—
in this case something like six hours,almost a full
nights sleep.
Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of
sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually
get. Its a deficit (赤字)that grows every time we skim
some extra minutes off our nightly sleep. “People
accumulate(积累)sleep debt gradually without being
noticed,”says psychiatrist William C. Dement,founder
of the Stanford University Sleep Research Centre.
Studies show that such shortterm lack of sleep leads to
a foggy brain, worsened vision, and trouble
remembering. Longterm effects include obesity and
heart disease. A survey by the National Sleep
Foundation reports that were losing one hour of sleep
each night—more than two full weeks of sleep each
year.
The good news is that,like all debts,with some
work,sleep debt can be repaid. Adding an extra hour or
two of sleep a night is the way to catch up on sleep
debt. For the longterm lack of sleep,take it easy for a
few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern. Go
to bed when you are tired,and allow your body to wake
you in the morning (no alarm clock allowed). You may
find yourself catatonic (有紧张感的)in the beginning
of the recovery cycle:Expect to have ten hours shut
eye per night. As the days pass,however,the amount of
sleeping time will gradually decrease.
So earn back that lost sleep—and follow the orders
of your inner sleep needs,and youll feel better.“When
you put away sleep debt,you become superman,”says
Stanfords Dement,talking about the improved mental
and physical abilities that come with being well rested.
1. The example of sleep math is used to show .
A. in what case you build up a sleep debt
B. why you need six hours sleep every night
C. why you are full of energy even when lacking sleep
D. in what case you should drink coffee to keep
energetic
2. The author begins Paragraph 2 with .
A. an example B. a definition(定义)
C. an argument D. a discussion
3. By saying the underlined sentence in the last
paragraph,Dement means .
A. you can get enough sleep with the supermans help
B. you can achieve your goals with a sleep debt
C. you will be in a good state with enough sleep
D. you will be clever if you accumulate sleep debt
4. What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. How Can You Keep Energetic?
B. Can You Have a Good Sleep?
C. What Is Sleep Debt?
D. Can You Catch up on Sleep Debt?
B
Terry Fox never thought hed live a remarkable
life.
He liked sports,but no one thought he was
talented. During his first year in the university,he had a
pain in his right knee,which was so bad that he
couldnt stand up. He went to the doctor for tests. They
showed that he had cancer. He was going to lose his leg
and be given an artificial one. Terrys family and friends
all gave him fantastic support. Terry said that he knew
all those people really cared and helped him. He
decided to face it with bravery.
One night Terry was looking through an article
about Dick Traum,who also had an artificial leg and
had run in the New York Marathon.“If he can do it,”
thought Terry,“I can,too. In fact,Ill run across
Canada and raise money for cancer research. It will be a
Marathon of Hope!”
For the next 16 months, Terry had special
treatments for his cancer. And then he also began to run
a little every day. Each day he ran a little fart
her. It is
—431—
5,300 miles across Canada. Terry hoped to run thirty to
forty miles a day so that it would take him six months.
Most of all,he hoped to raise
!
1 million for cancer
research.
Because Terry had an artificial leg,running wasnt
easy or straightforward. He had to move by jumping on
one foot twice and then take a long step with his real
leg. Although it looked awkward,he still kept on
running. His action made people join him as he ran:
children,football stars,wheelchair athletes and even
his brother,Darrell. As Terry ran,people waved and
cheered. So much money was donated that the volunteers
used large garbage bags so everyone could give.
Then,outside Thunder Bay,Ontario,Terry felt a
sharp pain in his chest. The pain was from cancer;this
time in his lungs. He had to abandon the Marathon after
3,339 miles. He told the people before he left,“I wont
give up. I just hope people will continue to give
money.”And they did. Just under
!
25 million was
given.
Terry received numerous awards. At 22,he was the
youngest Canadian to ever receive Canadas highest
award,the Companion of the Order of Canada.
5. What made Terry decide to run across Canada?
A. His passion for Marathon.
B. An urge to live a normal life.
C. The support of his family and friends.
D. The inspiring experience of Dick Traum.
6. People joined him when he ran mainly because .
A. they were moved by the scene of Terrys running
B. they served as volunteers in the marathon
C. they considered Terry as a great hero
D. they loved running very much
7. Why did he finally stop the marathon?
A. He collected enough money for the donation.
B. His family and friends persuaded him to abandon it.
C. He got great pain in his body because of the
cancer.
D. Running with the artificial leg wasnt straightforward.
8. Which of the following words can best describe Terry?
A. Generous. B. Cooperative.
C. Determined. D. Creative.
Ⅱ.语法填空
根据短文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At 1. the end of the 16th century,about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of
2. (they)lived in England. They were native speakers. Later in the next century,people from England
made 3. (voyage)to conquer other parts of the world and English began to be spoken worldwide. Today,
the number of people 4. (learn)English in China is increasing 5. (rapid). Besides,people
from many other countries also speak English 6. their foreign language.
The English language has been changing quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more or
less like German for it 7. (base)on German,but gradually between AD 800 and 1150,English became
less like German 8. those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.
Two people had great effects on the English changes. One was Shakespeare,who 9. (rich)the
English vocabulary,making English with more words;the other was Noah Webster,who wrote a dictionary
10. gave American English its own identity.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国小说家丹尼尔·笛福
(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要
点写一篇简介:
1.该书是丹尼尔·笛福最受欢迎的历险小说
之一;
2.简述小说的主要故事情节;
3.小说的情节引人入胜,这部小说被认为是英
国文学史上的第一部现实主义长篇小说。
注意:词数80左右
。
—531—