专题03 七选五10篇（北京专用）（第二期）-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(北京专用)

备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(北京专用) 第二期 专题03 七选五10篇 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高三上·北京房山·期末）As winter approaches, we encounter not only the physical darkness but also the darkness of various global and personal challenges. 1 We can start by appreciating the natural beauty around us. 2 I also appreciate observing the wildlife around me, such as birds that skip around my driveway, providing a sense of life and movement in the otherwise still and cold winter landscape. For other kinds of light, we can turn to our friends and family. Nothing feels more like sunlight than walking into a room full of people who are happy to see me. I think of my family on special occasions, their shining eyes radiating love. 3 . 4 Reading a poetry book, listening to a beautiful piece of music, or admiring a painting can all bring a sense of peace and inspiration. These works can help us see the world in a new way, finding beauty and meaning even in the darkest moments. Moreover, spiritual practices can provide a sense of inner peace and light. 5 . Different people have different practices, but they all serve as a source of strength and guidance during difficult times. No matter how dark the days, we can find light in our own hearts, and we can be one another’s light. We can shine light out to everyone we meet. A．We see disasters on our screens. B．In our darkest moments, art also creates a ray of light. C．I prefer walking outside, challenging myself against the cold. D．Whatever is happening, we can still find light even during difficult times. E．Similarly, spending time with friends, brings warmth and joy to our hearts. F．I take walks outside, enjoying the beauty of snow that shines like diamonds. G．For some, this may involve silence, journaling, or readings from inspirational leaders. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在冬季来临之际，人们面临着各种挑战和黑暗。但即便如此，人们仍可以通过欣赏周围的自然美景，与朋友和家人相处，从艺术作品中获取力量，以及进行精神实践等方式来寻找光明。 1．根据上文“As winter approaches, we encounter not only the physical darkness but also the darkness of various global and personal challenges. (随着冬天的临近，我们遇到的不仅是物理上的黑暗，还有各种全球和个人挑战的黑暗。)”和下段第一句“We can start by appreciating the natural beauty around us. (我们可以从欣赏周围的自然美景开始。)”可知设空处为过渡句，既能承接上文所说的黑暗，又能引出下文的话题，寻找美丽和光明，所以D选项“无论发生什么，即使在困难的时候，我们仍然可以找到光明。”符合题意，故选D。 2．根据上文We can start by appreciating the natural beauty around us. (我们可以从欣赏周围的自然美景开始。)”可推知下文说明怎样去欣赏冬天的自然美景，所以F选项“我出去散步，欣赏像钻石一样闪闪发光的雪的美丽。”符合题意，故选F。 3．根据上文“For other kinds of light, we can turn to our friends and family. Nothing feels more like sunlight than walking into a room full of people who are happy to see me. I think of my family on special occasions, their shining eyes radiating love. (对于其他类型的光，我们可以求助于我们的朋友和家人。没有什么比走进一间满是高兴见到我的人的房间更像阳光了。在特殊的场合，我想起我的家人，他们闪闪发光的眼睛散发着爱的光芒。)”可知本段建议我们求助于朋友和家人，上文提到家人，所以空处应该是关于朋友的，所以E选项“同样的，和朋友在一起，给我们的心灵带来温暖和喜悦。”承接上文，紧扣本段主题，故选E。 4．根据下文“Reading a poetry book, listening to a beautiful piece of music, or admiring a painting can all bring a sense of peace and inspiration. These works can help us see the world in a new way, finding beauty and meaning even in the darkest moments. (读一本诗歌书，听一段优美的音乐，或欣赏一幅画都能带来平静和灵感。这些作品可以帮助我们以一种新的方式看待世界，即使在最黑暗的时刻也能找到美和意义。) ”可知本段说明艺术在黑暗时刻对我们的帮助，所以B选项“在我们最黑暗的时刻，艺术也创造了一束光。”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据下文“Different people have different practices, but they all serve as a source of strength and guidance during difficult times. (不同的人有不同的做法，但在困难时期，它们都是力量和指导的来源。)”可推断上文是一些人在困难时期的做法，所以G选项“对一些人来说，这可能包括沉默、写日记或阅读励志领袖的作品。”符合题意，并且选项中的“silence, journaling, or readings from inspirational leaders”对应上文的“spiritual practices”，故选G。 （24-25高三上·北京西城·期末）What food do you love? What food do you hate? If you ask around, you’ll soon see there’s no right or wrong answer—it’s all a question of taste. 1 Rather, scientists have discovered that taste is influenced by our genes and DNA． Our scientific understanding of taste began just 25 years ago with the discovery of taste receptors—cells located on the tongue’s surface. 2 What tastes sweet to me might taste sour or salty to someone else, and this is because of differences in the receptors we’re born with. In other words, taste is partly genetic. According to Danielle Reed, a researcher at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, “When we first started doing genetic studies, we really just limited ourselves to looking at a few Europeans, people of European ancestry. 3 We are broadening our horizons and studying people of Asian and African ancestry, and that has really opened up the knowledge that people are much more diverse than we ever realized. Taste isn’t a matter of opinion. 4 ” But if scientists are telling us taste is largely genetic, what about restaurant critics and wine connoisseurs—people whose job is to tell us what to eat and drink? Are their opinions any better than our own? David Kermode, a wine judge for the International Wine and Spirits Competition, admits that while scientists have shown taste is largely individual and genetic, personal taste remains subjective. “ 5 But they are encouraged to set those prejudices aside.” A．It’s a matter of biology. B．It is actually the number-one driver for food choice. C．However, individual taste experience is highly subjective. D．But our taste, it turns out, isn’t simply a matter of opinion. E．People all have their own personal prejudices in whatever aspect of life they want to go into. F．And so, our understanding of the broad diversity of humans on the planet was extremely limited. G．For researchers in social sciences, taste is a broader concept related to tradition, geography, culture, as well as social relations. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是口味的个体差异及其影响因素。 1．空前“If you ask around, you’ll soon see there’s no right or wrong answer—it’s all a question of taste.(如果你问问周围的人，你很快就会发现，这个问题没有绝对的对错——这完全取决于个人的口味。)”说明了喜欢或讨厌什么食物完全取决于个人的口味，空后“Rather, scientists have discovered that taste is influenced by our genes and DNA.(相反，科学家已经发现，我们的基因和DNA会影响我们的口味。)”说明的是科学家已经发现，我们的基因和DNA会影响我们的口味，因此空格处要引起转折，D选项“But our taste, it turns out, isn’t simply a matter of opinion.(但事实证明，我们的口味并不是一个简单的观点问题。)”中的But表转折，说明口味并不是一个观点问题，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 2．空后“What tastes sweet to me might taste sour or salty to someone else, and this is because of differences in the receptors we’re born with.(对我来说是甜的东西，对别人来说可能是酸的或咸的，这是因为我们天生的受体不同。)”说明同一种东西不同人的感觉是不同的，说明这很主观，C选项“However, individual taste experience is highly subjective.(然而，个人的味觉体验是高度主观的。)”说明味觉是主观的，引起下文，符合语境。故选C。 3．空前“When we first started doing genetic studies, we really just limited ourselves to looking at a few Europeans, people of European ancestry.(当我们刚开始进行遗传学研究时，我们真的只局限于研究少数欧洲人，即有欧洲血统的人。)”说明了刚开始我们进行遗传学研究时只局限于研究少数欧洲人，空格处应该说这么做会导致什么结果，F选项“And so, our understanding of the broad diversity of humans on the planet was extremely limited.(因此，我们对地球上人类多样性的了解是非常有限的。)”说明了我们只研究少数欧洲人所导致的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 4．空前“Taste isn’t a matter of opinion.(口味不是主观臆断的问题。)”说明了口味不是主观臆断，空格处应该说口味是什么，A选项“It’s a matter of biology.(这是生物学的问题。)”中的it指代的是前面的Taste，说明了口味是生物学的问题，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 5．空前“David Kermode, a wine judge for the International Wine and Spirits Competition, admits that while scientists have shown taste is largely individual and genetic, personal taste remains subjective.(International Wine and Spirits Competition的葡萄酒评委David Kermode承认，尽管科学家们已经证明，口味在很大程度上是个体和遗传的，但个人品味仍然是主观的。)”说明了个人品味是主观的，空格处应该说这主要体现在哪里，E选项“People all have their own personal prejudices in whatever aspect of life they want to go into.(人们在生活想要涉足的任何一个方面都会带有自己的个人偏见。)”说的是主观性的具体体现，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 （24-25高三上·北京石景山·期末）Time or Money? Would you rather have a higher salary or the freedom to work from anywhere in the world? According to a survey, seven out of ten surveyed readers would consider accepting a lower salary for more perks (额外收入) and benefits — one in ten would definitely do so. 1 . For today’s workforce, especially Gen Zs and millennials (千禧一代), perks extend far beyond the traditional benefits package. They are putting a lot of focus on work-life balance, career advancement, and the company’s culture and values. Among all, a flexible work arrangement tops the list of those values. 2 . The ability to control when and where they work not only boosts productivity but also helps prevent burnout. This shift enforces companies to demonstrate that they value outcomes and results over rigid schedules. In return, employees feel trusted, valued, and empowered, performing at their best when given the flexibility to balance their personal and professional lives. 3 . For women, especially working mothers, unclear boundaries between home and work can make them feel like they are always working, which increases the risk of burnout. Moreover, remote work can intensify (增强) the challenges associated with career advancement, as fewer in-person interactions can lead to being overlooked or sidelined. 4 . This belief could negatively affect their chances for promotions and leadership opportunities. Looking ahead, flexible work arrangements are here to stay and will likely continue to evolve. 5 . Organizations should ensure equitable opportunities consistent with flexible work models, such as offering personalized arrangements instead of one-size-fits-all solutions. A．This is where company policies can play a crucial role. B．Employers invest a lot in creating attractive work environments. C．It provides the independence and freedom younger employees seek. D．While flexible work arrangements offer benefits, they also have drawbacks. E．Flexibility and work-life balance now outweigh financial rewards for many. F．But what are these perks and how are companies adapting to meet these expectations? G．Furthermore, those who prefer flexibility are often seen as less committed to their careers. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项调查表明大部分人喜欢灵活的工作，文章主要介绍了灵活工作安排的优缺点。 1．上文“Would you rather have a higher salary or the freedom to work from anywhere in the world? According to a survey, seven out of ten surveyed readers would consider accepting a lower salary for more perks (额外收入) and benefits — one in ten would definitely do so.(你更愿意拥有高工资，还是自由地在世界任何地方工作？根据一项调查，十名读者中有七人会考虑为了更多的额外收入和津贴接受较低的工资——十分之一的人肯定会这样做。)”指出，一项调查表明大部分人喜欢灵活的工作，这说明大部分人认为灵活工作与工作生活之间的平衡比金钱更重要，E项“灵活性和工作与生活的平衡现在对许多人来说比金钱回报更重要。”符合语境，对上文调查进行了总结，故选E。 2．上文“For today’s workforce, especially Gen Zs and millennials (千禧一代), perks extend far beyond the traditional benefits package. They are putting a lot of focus on work-life balance, career advancement, and the company’s culture and values. Among all, a flexible work arrangement tops the list of those values. (对于当今的劳动力，尤其是Z世代和千禧一代来说，福利远远超出了传统的福利包。他们非常注重工作与生活的平衡，职业晋升以及公司的文化和价值观。在所有这些价值中，灵活的工作安排排在首位。)”可知，如今人们更加注重工作的灵活性，空处承接上文，指出人们注重工作灵活性的原因，即工作灵活性的好处，C项“它提供了年轻员工寻求的独立性和自由。”符合语境。故选C。 3．下文“For women, especially working mothers, unclear boundaries between home and work can make them feel like they are always working, which increases the risk of burnout. Moreover, remote work can intensify (增强) the challenges associated with career advancement, as fewer in-person interactions can lead to being overlooked or sidelined. (对于女性，尤其是职业母亲来说，家庭和工作之间界限不清会令她们感觉一直在工作，从而增加了职业倦怠的风险。此外远程办公还会增强职业晋升的挑战，因为减少的面对面互动可能会导致她们被忽视或边缘化。)”主要介绍了灵活工作的缺点，D项“虽然灵活的工作安排提供了好处，但它们也有缺点。”符合语境，故选D。 4．上文“For women, especially working mothers, unclear boundaries between home and work can make them feel like they are always working, which increases the risk of burnout. Moreover, remote work can intensify (增强) the challenges associated with career advancement, as fewer in-person interactions can lead to being overlooked or sidelined. (对于女性，尤其是职业母亲来说，家庭和工作之间界限不清会令她们感觉一直在工作，从而增加了职业倦怠的风险。此外远程办公还会加剧职业晋升的挑战，因为减少的面对面互动可能会导致她们被忽视或边缘化。)”主要介绍了灵活工作安排的两个缺点，空处也应是介绍其缺点，G项“此外，那些喜欢灵活性的人通常被视为对自己的职业不太承诺。”符合语境，为下文“This belief could negatively affect their chances for promotions and leadership opportunities.(这种信念可能会对他们获得晋升和领导机会的机会产生负面影响。)”中this belief所指，故选G。 5．上文“Looking ahead, flexible work arrangements are here to stay and will likely continue to evolve.(展望未来，灵活的工作安排将会持续存在，并且可能会继续演变。)”指出灵活的工作安排将会持续存在，并且可能会继续演变，空处承接上文，指出灵活的工作存在的必要，A项“这是公司政策可以发挥关键作用的地方。”符合语境，故选A。 （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）You’re standing in line at the grocery store or waiting for an elevator. You have no more than a minute to kill. And yet, before you’ve even realized what you’re doing, you’ve pulled out your phone and have begun to mindlessly scroll (滚屏) through apps. 1 Research suggests plenty of people do the same thing. Only 11% of people's smartphone checks were in response to a notification. For the rest of the time, they checked their phones totally unplanned, often without thinking through why they were doing it. We' re so used to constant stimulation that we feel uncomfortable when we’re not doing anything, even for just a few seconds. Our brains are hardwired to seek out rewards like knowledge, entertainment, and social connection. All of those things were much harder to find before we had tiny computers at our fingertips. Now we do. Our phones are basically all-you-can-eat buffets for our brains, endlessly and easily serving up the things they want. 2 A quick phone check probably isn't doing your brain any real harm. 3 Over time, constant scrolling could have a negative effect on your job performance, relationships, sleep, and possibly even physical safety, if you’re doing things like checking your phone while you walk or drive. 4 When you give in to your urges and check your phone, then feel guilty about it, the feeling of failure adds shame to injury. If you want to break the habit of constant checking, you’ll have to work at it. Building awareness is a good way. 5 For example, next time you catch yourself scrolling through short videos without even absorbing the content, think about whether you really want to be on your phone, or you are just putting off a less-fun task. A．Checking your phone is often automatic. B．There's also a mental-health element to consider. C．Of course our minds can't help but feed themselves. D．Start going without your phone for set periods of time. E．The urge to check your phone is often related to stress relief. F．Take a moment to ask yourself what is driving your behavior. G．But it's also worth considering how all those little checks add up. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了无意识看手机的现象、原因和改正措施。 1．根据下文“Research suggests plenty of people do the same thing. Only 11% of people's smartphone checks were in response to a notification. For the rest of the time, they checked their phones totally unplanned, often without thinking through why they were doing it.(研究表明，很多人都会做同样的事情。只有11%的人查看智能手机是为了回应通知。在其他时间里，他们完全没有计划地查看手机，通常也没有想过自己为什么这么做)”可知，本段主要将看手机是无意识的。故A选项“查看手机通常是无意识的”切题，适合为本段的标题。故选A项。 2．根据上文“Our brains are hardwired to seek out rewards like knowledge, entertainment, and social connection. All of those things were much harder to find before we had tiny computers at our fingertips. Now we do. Our phones are basically all-you-can-eat buffets for our brains, endlessly and easily serving up the things they want.(我们的大脑天生就会寻求知识、娱乐和社会联系等奖励。在我们指尖上有微型电脑之前，所有这些东西都很难找到。现在我们知道了。我们的手机基本上是我们大脑的自助餐，没完没了地、轻松地提供它们想要的东西)”可知，选项承接上文总结大脑的自我功能。故C选项“当然，我们的大脑会情不自禁地养活自己”切题。故选C项。 3．根据上文“A quick phone check probably isn't doing your brain any real harm.(快速查看一下电话可能不会对你的大脑造成任何真正的伤害)”根据下文“Over time, constant scrolling could have a negative effect on your job performance, relationships, sleep, and possibly even physical safety, if you’re doing things like checking your phone while you walk or drive.(随着时间的推移，如果你在走路或开车的时候看手机，持续的滚动屏幕可能会对你的工作表现、人际关系、睡眠甚至人身安全产生负面影响)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文说明量的积累会产生负面的影响。故G选项“但同样值得考虑的是，所有这些小的查看加起来是多少”切题。故选G项。 4．根据下文“When you give in to your urges and check your phone, then feel guilty about it, the feeling of failure adds shame to injury.(当你屈服于你的欲望，查看你的手机，然后感到内疚，失败的感觉增加了伤害的羞耻)”可知，选项承接下文说明另一个考虑因素是心理健康。故B选项“还有一个心理健康因素需要考虑”切题。故选B项。 5．根据下文“For example, next time you catch yourself scrolling through short videos without even absorbing the content, think about whether you really want to be on your phone, or you are just putting off a less-fun task.(例如，下次当你发现自己在浏览短视频时，甚至没有吸收内容，想想你是真的想玩手机，还是你只是在推迟一个不那么有趣的任务)”可知，下文通过具体实例说明上文要反思自己的行为。故F选项“花点时间问问自己是什么驱使着你的行为”切题，与下文话题一致。故选F项。 （24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）While compliments (赞扬) may seem simple, they can have a large impact on you and the people around you, creating a ripple of positivity. However, giving compliments requires skills and knowledge. Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern. 1 About two-thirds of compliments in the US are made using just five adjectives: nice, good, beautiful, pretty, and great. In addition, about 80% of compliments follow three formats. So if I liked a book you wrote and wanted to say something positive about it, my compliment would probably follow one of these basic patterns: “Your book is great,” “I love your book,” or “That is a terrific book.” 2 . For example, in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive far more compliments than men. About three-quarters of women’s compliments to other women in an unstructured, informal setting involve appearance. In a goal-oriented, formal setting, 68% of praise statements are about performance. 3 Whether the compliment is effective depends on whether it is believable, appropriate, and unqualified. 4 If you tell me my hair looks good, I will dismiss it and suspect your motives, because I have little hair. More generally, people with low self-esteem don’t usually receive compliments well. As researchers have shown, in people with high self-esteem, a compliment stimulates parts of the brain responsible for self-referential thinking. This occurs significantly less for people who have low self-esteem. Even if a compliment agrees with one’s self-conception, scholars concluded, it must meet three criteria to be accepted by its object. 5 It must be sincere. And it must occur in the appropriate context. A．It must follow the basic patterns. B．The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it. C．What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences. D．A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient’s self-conception. E．If people have negative view of a person, they would resist his compliments. F．In contrast, men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings. G．They are generally directed toward another person’s appearance, performance, or possessions. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赞美虽然看似简单，但对人和周围的人都有很大的影响，能激起一连串积极的反应，同时指出赞美也需要技巧和知识。 1．上文“Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern.(在我们文化中，大多数的赞美都遵循一种非常可预测的模式)”说明大多数赞美都有固定模式。G选项“They are generally directed toward another person’s appearance, performance, or possessions.(它们通常针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产)”承接上文，具体说明这种固定模式是什么，即“针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产”进行赞美。故选G项。 2．下文“For example, in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive far more compliments than men.(例如，2011年，一位学者发现，在非结构化的环境中，女性给予和接受的赞美远比男性多)”通过举例说明了男性和女性在给予和接受赞美上的差异。C选项“What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences.(我们选择赞美什么取决于性别差异)”引出下文，说明选择赞美的内容与性别差异有关。故选C项。 3．上文“About three-quarters of women’s compliments to other women in an unstructured, informal setting involve appearance. In a goal-oriented, formal setting, 68% of praise statements are about performance.(在非结构化、非正式的环境中，女性对其他女性的赞美中，约有四分之三与外表有关。在目标导向的正式场合中，68%的赞美陈述是关于表现的)”分别说明了女性在不同场合下赞美的内容倾向。F选项“In contrast, men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings.(相比之下，男性在所有场合下都更有可能对彼此的表现表示赞美)”与上文形成对比，说明了男性在赞美内容上的倾向。故选F项。 4．下文“If you tell me my hair looks good, I will dismiss it and suspect your motives, because I have little hair.(如果你告诉我我的头发看起来很好，我会不屑一顾，并怀疑你的动机，因为我头发很少)”通过举例说明了赞美需要与被赞美者的自我认知相符，否则会被怀疑动机。D选项“A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient’s self-conception.(一个好的赞美必须不与其接受者的自我认知相冲突)”引出下文，说明了有效赞美的一个重要条件是必须与被赞美者的自我认知相符。故选D项。 5．上文“Even if a compliment agrees with one’s self-conception, scholars concluded, it must meet three criteria to be accepted by its object.(学者们得出结论，即使赞美与一个人的自我认知相符，它也必须满足三个标准才能被其对象所接受)”说明了一个好的赞美需要满足三个标准。下文“It must be sincere. And it must occur in the appropriate context.(它必须是真诚的。而且它必须在适当的情境下发生)”列出了其中的两个标准。B选项“The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it.(赞美必须来自一个有可信度的人)”承上启下，列出了满足条件的第三个标准，即赞美必须来自一个有可信度的人。故选B项。 （24-25高三上·北京顺义·期末）Experienced negotiators know that those who ask for more, get more. 1 It works in any important communication opportunity, such as asking for help or getting approval from your senior leadership on an important project. Researchers have proven that knowing what you want increases the chances you get it. If you’re explaining a situation to someone, it may be the first time they’ve thought about it. 2 Then your asking acts as a base for their final decision. Being clear about what you want also makes you look more reliable. Decision makers generally don’t like people bringing problems without a solution. They may not agree with the solution, but they will appreciate that you’ve thought about it. In fact, figuring out what to recommend will force you to think deeply and clearly about the situation, which will improve the quality of the end product. 3 Asking for what you want may feel pushy, but it actually puts the other person at ease. Being clear up front about your ask respects the relationship by reducing tension. 4 You know they want something but they don’t get right to the point, so you feel more and more uncomfortable as they beat around the bush, because you’ re wondering where they’ re going with it. 5 But if you were going to end up with a no anyway, it’s better to lose early than late. Besides saving time, it may avoid an extended debate which makes the other person stick even more to their own position. A．But it’s not limited to negotiation situations. B．You do run the risk of getting a quick rejection. C．We have a tendency to overestimate the chance of rejection. D．And this is the best final driver of your personal trustworthiness. E．Think of the times that someone has approached you for a request. F．Most communication situations benefit from being direct in your ask. G．There is a good chance that they will be slightly uncertain about what to do. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要论述了明确自己需求并勇于提出的重要性，不仅限于谈判场合，在任何重要的沟通机会中都适用，如寻求帮助或获得高层领导对重要项目的批准。 1．根据前文“Experienced negotiators know that those who ask for more, get more.(经验丰富的谈判者知道，要求更多的人，得到的也会更多)”以及后文“It works in any important communication opportunity, such as asking for help or getting approval from your senior leadership on an important project.(它适用于任何重要的沟通机会，比如在一个重要项目上寻求帮助或获得高层领导的批准)”可知，前文讲述谈判技巧，后文讲述适用于任何重要的沟通机会，所以A项“But it’s not limited to negotiation situations.(但这并不局限于谈判场合)”和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文，符合文意。故选A项。 2．根据前文“If you’re explaining a situation to someone, it may be the first time they’ve thought about it.(如果你正在向某人解释一种情况，这可能是他们第一次想到它)”以及后文“Then your asking acts as a base for their final decision.(然后你的请求作为他们最终决定的基础)”可知，上文提到别人可能是第一次想到，后文提到你的请求为他们做决定提供了基础，故空处是说他们不知如何做决定的情况，所以G项“There is a good chance that they will be slightly uncertain about what to do.(他们很有可能会有点不确定该怎么做)”承接上文，和下文构成顺承关系。故选G项。 3．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Being clear about what you want also makes you look more reliable. Decision makers generally don’t like people bringing problems without a solution. They may not agree with the solution, but they will appreciate that you’ve thought about it. In fact, figuring out what to recommend will force you to think deeply and clearly about the situation, which will improve the quality of the end product.(明确你想要什么也会让你看起来更可靠。决策者通常不喜欢人们提出没有解决方案的问题。他们可能不同意这个解决方案，但他们会感谢你的考虑。事实上，弄清楚要推荐什么会迫使你深入而清晰地思考情况，这将提高最终产品的质量)”可知，本段讲述明确你想要什么也会让你看起来更可靠，所以D项“And this is the best final driver of your personal trustworthiness.(这是你个人可信度最好的最终驱动因素)”和首句相呼应，对前文的总结。故选D项。 4．根据前文“Asking for what you want may feel pushy, but it actually puts the other person at ease. Being clear up front about your ask respects the relationship by reducing tension.(要求你想要的东西可能会让人觉得咄咄逼人，但这实际上会让对方放松。事先明确你的要求可以通过减少紧张来尊重你们的关系)”以及后文“You know they want something but they don’t get right to the point, so you feel more and more uncomfortable as they beat around the bush, because you’re wondering where they’re going with it.(你知道他们想要什么东西，但他们没有说到点子上，所以当他们拐弯抹角时，你会感到越来越不舒服，因为你不知道他们会怎么做)”可知，前文讲述要求你想要的东西会让对方放松，后文讲述自己的感受，所以空处应是过渡句，E项“Think of the times that someone has approached you for a request.(想想那些有人向你提出要求的时候)”符合文意，引出下文。故选E项。 5．空处和下文是转折关系，根据下文“But if you were going to end up with a no anyway, it’s better to lose early than late. Besides saving time, it may avoid an extended debate which makes the other person stick even more to their own position.(但如果你最终的结果是否定的，早输总比晚输好。除了节省时间，它可以避免长时间的辩论，使对方更加坚持自己的立场)”可知，下文是说好处，故B项“You do run the risk of getting a quick rejection.(你确实有被迅速拒绝的风险)”符合文意。故选B项。 （24-25高三上·北京丰台·期末）Hesitation as intuition (直觉) You’ve thought about it. You’ve made your decision and then.….you hesitate. Your mouse hovers over the “purchase now” button, you’ve written the text but can’t quite bring yourself to press “send”. You hesitate. 1 Our culture values doing. We’re constantly urged to “go for it.” But what if hesitation is not a sign of weakness but rather a valuable signal? 2 But we don’t always make it a practice to listen to our bodies. When we do pay attention, we have access to a lot of nonrational information including our intuition. If you notice yourself hesitating, it might mean a part of you isn’t quite sure. Hesitation can be the body’s way of alerting us to overlooked details or concealed information that could be crucial to our choice. Since hesitation can carry such significance, it becomes essential to understand the nature of the signals our bodies send. Although distinguishing between intuition and fear or anxiety is not easy, when we cultivate the habit of self-awareness and understand our fears, we can begin to decipher (辨认) the messages behind our hesitation. Moreover, our rational minds have their limitations. 3 Therefore, by integrating our emotions and physical sensations into the decision-making process, we access a more comprehensive understanding. To make more informed decisions, we can employ specific strategies. One way that we can help ourselves with a specific decision is to notice when there’s hesitation and, if you have the time, wait. 4 Another interesting way to look at making a decision is to walk up to the door of it. Take action as if you had already made the decision. And before it’s too late, notice how it feels to walk that path. That may give you more information than thinking ever could. 5 By integrating both rational and intuitive elements, we can handle the complex choices with greater confidence and clarity. A．It’s easy to miss intuitive signals when we are moving from thinking minds. B．They work within fixed frameworks that might not match the complex reality. C．While our minds are undoubtedly powerful, our bodies also hold a wealth of wisdom. D．In nature, the key to effective decision-making lies in seeing hesitation as a help. E．Check back in with the decision you thought you made and see if anything differs. F．Hesitation means your intuition is trying to speak to you from deep inner place. G．This hesitation is common yet often overlooked in our decision-making process. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了犹豫的重要意义以及做出更明智的决定，我们可以采用具体的策略。 1．根据上文“Your mouse hovers over the “purchase now” button, you’ve written the text but can’t quite bring yourself to press “send”. You hesitate.(你的鼠标悬停在“立即购买”按钮上，你已经写好了文字，但无法让自己按下“发送”。你犹豫)”可知，选项承接上文说明这种现象的普遍性和被忽视性。故G选项“这种犹豫很常见，但在我们做决定的过程中却经常被忽视”切题。故选G项。 2．根据下文“But we don’t always make it a practice to listen to our bodies. When we do pay attention, we have access to a lot of nonrational information including our intuition. (但是我们并没有经常去倾听我们身体的声音。当我们集中注意力的时候，我们可以接触到很多非理性的信息，包括我们的直觉)”可知，选项承接下文说明我们的身体中藏着巨大的智慧。故C选项“虽然我们的思想无疑是强大的，但我们的身体也拥有丰富的智慧”切题。a wealth of wisdom呼应a lot of nonrational information。故选C项。 3．根据上文“Moreover, our rational minds have their limitations.(此外，我们的理性思维也有其局限性)”可知，选项承接上文具体说明局限性的内容。故B选项“它们在固定的框架内工作，可能与复杂的现实不匹配”切题。故选B项。 4．根据上文“One way that we can help ourselves with a specific decision is to notice when there’s hesitation and, if you have the time, wait.(我们可以帮助自己做出具体决定的一种方法是注意到犹豫的时候，如果你有时间，等待)”可知，选项与上文为并列关系继续说明犹豫的时候该做的事情。故E选项“回顾一下你认为自己做出的决定，看看是否有什么不同”切题。故选E项。 5．根据下文“By integrating both rational and intuitive elements, we can handle the complex choices with greater confidence and clarity.(通过整合理性和直觉的元素，我们可以更有信心和更清晰地处理复杂的选择)”可知，选项在总结全文强调了犹豫在决策中的重要作用且这种作用能够帮助我们处理复杂的选择。故D选项“从本质上讲，有效决策的关键在于将犹豫视为一种帮助”切题。故选D项。 （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·期末）Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as “I’m a lovable person”. 1 However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found “toxic positivity” — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage. 2 Beginning in the industrial revolution, socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn’t consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health. It isn’t surprising that we want to believe things will turn out better if we have positive attitude. After all, there is a growing body of research indicating that an optimistic outlook on life does have benefits, such as promoting physical health, boosting energy, and reducing stress. It also isn’t surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant. 3 Nevertheless, it is becoming apparent that positivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with more than 217, 000 participants investigated the link between optimism, pessimism and mortality. It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with the lower risk of death, however, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. 4 How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions. 5 The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. A．We need to accept them as a normal part of human experience. B．Our tendency to avoid the darker aspects of human experience isn’t new. C．When we experience them, we can become consumed, disturbed or inactive. D．Neglecting negative emotions is also found to be harmful to our mental health. E．They urge us to inject a bit of positive emotion into our day to gain the benefits. F．Positive chants like this are set to boost a person’s mood and feelings of self-worth. G．We are more likely to perceive normal emotions as mental problems needing treatment. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了消极情绪给人带来的影响以及应该如何应对消极情绪。 1．根据上文“Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as “I’m a lovable person”.(你是否在与自卑作斗争？如果是这样，你可能被告知要重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语)”以及后文“However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found “toxic positivity” — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage.(然而，当心理学家测试这种积极的自言自语的效果时，他们发现了“有毒的积极”——一种强迫乐观地解释我们的经历，同时压抑消极情绪的现象，会造成真正的伤害)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，推测本句主要解释上文“重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语”这类语言的作用，F选项中Positive chants like this对应上文repeat phrases。故F选项“像这样的积极的重复话语是用来提升一个人的情绪和自我价值感的”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据本段内容“Beginning in the industrial revolution, socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn’t consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health.(从工业革命开始，围绕生产力和效率的社会经济目标促成了一种文化，在这种文化中，情绪，尤其是像悲伤这样的麻痹性情绪，被视为经济产出的手闸。如果有人正在挣扎，他们会被建议要有更多的信心，而不是被鼓励去探索根本原因。科学也要承担一些责任。从历史上看，心理学家并不认为情绪是一种合理的研究现象，因此人们对情绪对心理健康的重大影响知之甚少)”可知，本段主要介绍了人类回避消极情绪的历史起源，故B选项“我们回避人类经历阴暗面的倾向并不新鲜”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“It also isn’t surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant.(我们把某些情绪，如愤怒、内疚、恐惧和痛苦，贴上不好的标签，因为它们确实让人感到不愉快，这也不足为奇)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，上文提到了一些消极的情绪，推测本句承接上文，说明这些情绪所带来的影响，C选项中them对应上文certain emotions。故C选项“当我们经历它们的时候，我们会变得疲惫、不安或不活跃”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with the lower risk of death, however, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. (研究发现，乐观的前景确实与较低的死亡风险有关，然而，不切实际的乐观和悲观都与较高的死亡风险有关)”可知，本句是对上文研究发现的补充说明，说明关于负面情绪的发现，D选项中also found对应上文found。故D选项“忽视负面情绪也被发现对我们的心理健康有害”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据上文“How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions.(我们怎样才能摆脱有害的积极情绪呢？哈佛医学院的苏珊·戴维斯强调了让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性)”以及后文“The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. (管理情绪的关键不在于判断自己是否有负面情绪，而在于体验它们，知道它们会过去)”可知，上文提到让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性，后文提到了管理方法，可知需要先接受不舒服的情绪，然后进行情绪管理。故A选项“我们需要接受它们是人类经历的正常组成部分”符合语境，故选A。 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）Bedtime Rituals At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show. 1 Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep. If you turn these activities into a ritual— that is, if you do them every night around the same time — you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need. A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes. 2 Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common. Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure. Some rituals, such as journaling, might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning. 3 Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences. If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day. 4 Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low. 5 A．Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. B．There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. C．Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. D．For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. E．If classical music calms you, turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath. F．But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. G．Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。 1．前文“At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.(在漫长的一天结束时，你可能想瘫在电视机前看一集你最喜欢的节目)”表明一天结束时的一些放松方式，后文“Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep.(喝杯柠檬茶或读一本书可以告诉你的身体该睡觉了)”表示睡前可以进行的一些活动，F选项“但参加一些睡前活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好”与前文进行转折，引出了下文的一些睡前活动，承上启下。故选F。 2．前文“If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.(如果你现在的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前习惯可以帮助你做出必要的改变)”讲述睡前习惯的重要性，A选项“睡前习惯也可以帮助你减少焦虑”提到了睡前习惯的另外一个重要性，与前文语境相符。且与下文“Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common.(担心会让人晚上难以入睡，但对一些人来说，睡前焦虑是很常见的)”语境一致。故选A。 3．空处引出下文。下文“Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences.(在确定一个固定的作息时间之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么适合你。根据你的需要和喜好，从两到三个活动开始)”可知，本段讲的是根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。结合选项，B选项“完美的睡前仪式没有固定的模式”总结该段内容。故选B项。 4．前文“If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day.(如果你喜欢锻炼和运动，试试瑜伽或温和的伸展运动。如果你喜欢井井有条，那就为第二天列一个待办事项清单)”列举了两种方式，E选项“如果古典音乐能让你平静下来，那就打开巴赫或莫扎特的音乐，享受沐浴”同样为if引导的条件状语从句，结构一致，且内容也为列举的一种方式。故选E。 5．前文“Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.(穿舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下，把灯调暗)”表示睡前准备过程，C选项“然后到了睡觉的时候，你就准备好了”为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选C。 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高三上·北京海淀·期末）Imagine you’ve been working for hours before a deadline, but you feel like you’re getting nowhere. You’re starting to feel really anxious. At this point, you might start to blame yourself for having this emotion. Now you have two emotions: feeling anxious about getting work done and feeling frustrated that you are anxious. When the second emotion gets layered on top of the first emotion, you often feel worse and are even less likely to reach your goals. You may now be wondering if it is possible to make the second emotion less likely. 1 . Many people have heard of “mindfulness”. It is often associated with doing a meditation (冥想) practice, but its essence is to be more aware and accepting of your present-moment experience. 2 Acceptance can limit judgmental thoughts and unhelpful secondary emotions. Let me explain. Picture yourself in a challenging situation like the scenario described above and you feel anxiety arising. Instead of getting upset at yourself for having this emotion, you bring your awareness to the experience of the emotion and accept it. You might feel that this anxiety is not fun to experience. 3 With this attitude of acceptance, and stepping away from the tendency to fight against the emotion, you are less likely to get stuck in a loop of judgmental thoughts that might trigger more unwanted emotions. 4 But evidence suggests that it works. That is probably because accepting yourselves, including your emotions, relieves pressure. You stop adding fuel to the emotional fire when you release judgmental thoughts about your emotions. 5 For instance, you could turn down the volume on the initial emotion, perhaps by seeing the situation from a new perspective or asking someone for support. A．Thankfully, research suggests that the answer is yes. B．You can’t be productive even when you have more inner space. C．Then you may question if you are feeling anxious about getting work done. D．Yet you know you can breathe it through and that it is just a passing emotion. E．Sometimes the experience includes an unpleasant emotion you don’t want to feel. F．It might sound unreasonable that embracing an unpleasant emotion can be a good thing. G．You also create more inner space to determine whether you can do something that helps. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何减少焦虑感。 1．根据上文“Imagine you’ve been working for hours before a deadline, but you feel like you’re getting nowhere. You’re starting to feel really anxious. At this point, you might start to blame yourself for having this emotion. Now you have two emotions: feeling anxious about getting work done and feeling frustrated that you are anxious. When the second emotion gets layered on top of the first emotion, you often feel worse and are even less likely to reach your goals. You may now be wondering if it is possible to make the second emotion less likely.(想象一下，在截止日期前，你已经工作了好几个小时，但你感觉毫无进展。你开始感到非常焦虑。在这一点上，你可能会开始责怪自己有这种情绪。现在你有两种情绪：对完成工作感到焦虑，对自己的焦虑感到沮丧。当第二种情绪叠加在第一种情绪之上时，你通常会感觉更糟，甚至更不可能实现你的目标。你现在可能想知道是否有可能降低第二种情绪的可能性)”可知，上文提到“想知道是否有可能降低第二种情绪的可能性”，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明这一疑问的答案。故A选项“值得庆幸的是，研究表明答案是肯定的”符合语境，故选A。 2．根据上文“Many people have heard of “mindfulness”. It is often associated with doing a meditation (冥想) practice, but its essence is to be more aware and accepting of your present-moment experience.(很多人都听说过“正念”。它经常与冥想练习联系在一起，但它的本质是更加意识到并接受你现在的经历)”可知，上文提到接受你现在的经历，本句承接上文，对经历进行进一步解释说明。故E选项“有时这种经历包含了一种你不想感受到的不愉快情绪”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“Let me explain. Picture yourself in a challenging situation like the scenario described above and you feel anxiety arising. Instead of getting upset at yourself for having this emotion, you bring your awareness to the experience of the emotion and accept it. You might feel that this anxiety is not fun to experience.(让我解释一下。想象你自己处于如上所述的具有挑战性的情境中，你会感到焦虑。不要因为自己有这种情绪而感到沮丧，而是把你的意识带到这种情绪的体验中并接受它。你可能会觉得这种焦虑并不有趣)”以及后文“With this attitude of acceptance, and stepping away from the tendency to fight against the emotion, you are less likely to get stuck in a loop of judgmental thoughts that might trigger more unwanted emotions.(有了这种接受的态度，远离与情绪作斗争的倾向，你就不太可能陷入评判思想的循环中，这可能会引发更多不想要的情绪)”可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，上文提到了焦虑，后文提到接受的态度，推测本句说明如何应对焦虑情绪。故D选项“但是你知道你可以把它呼吸出去，它只是一种转瞬即逝的情绪”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据后文“But evidence suggests that it works. That is probably because accepting yourselves, including your emotions, relieves pressure.(但证据表明，它是有效的。这可能是因为接受你自己，包括你的情绪，可以减轻压力。)”可知，后文与本句构成转折关系，后文提到了有效，本句是在说明接纳情绪的消极方面。故F选项“拥抱一种不愉快的情绪可能是一件好事，这听起来可能不合理”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“You stop adding fuel to the emotional fire when you release judgmental thoughts about your emotions.(当你释放出对自己情绪的评判性想法时，你就停止了给情绪火上浇油)”可知，本句承接上文，进一步说明停止批判自己所带来的好处。故G选项“你也创造了更多的内心空间来决定你是否可以做一些有帮助的事情”符合语境，故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(北京专用) 第二期 专题03 七选五10篇 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高三上·北京房山·期末）As winter approaches, we encounter not only the physical darkness but also the darkness of various global and personal challenges. 1 We can start by appreciating the natural beauty around us. 2 I also appreciate observing the wildlife around me, such as birds that skip around my driveway, providing a sense of life and movement in the otherwise still and cold winter landscape. For other kinds of light, we can turn to our friends and family. Nothing feels more like sunlight than walking into a room full of people who are happy to see me. I think of my family on special occasions, their shining eyes radiating love. 3 . 4 Reading a poetry book, listening to a beautiful piece of music, or admiring a painting can all bring a sense of peace and inspiration. These works can help us see the world in a new way, finding beauty and meaning even in the darkest moments. Moreover, spiritual practices can provide a sense of inner peace and light. 5 . Different people have different practices, but they all serve as a source of strength and guidance during difficult times. No matter how dark the days, we can find light in our own hearts, and we can be one another’s light. We can shine light out to everyone we meet. A．We see disasters on our screens. B．In our darkest moments, art also creates a ray of light. C．I prefer walking outside, challenging myself against the cold. D．Whatever is happening, we can still find light even during difficult times. E．Similarly, spending time with friends, brings warmth and joy to our hearts. F．I take walks outside, enjoying the beauty of snow that shines like diamonds. G．For some, this may involve silence, journaling, or readings from inspirational leaders. （24-25高三上·北京西城·期末）What food do you love? What food do you hate? If you ask around, you’ll soon see there’s no right or wrong answer—it’s all a question of taste. 1 Rather, scientists have discovered that taste is influenced by our genes and DNA． Our scientific understanding of taste began just 25 years ago with the discovery of taste receptors—cells located on the tongue’s surface. 2 What tastes sweet to me might taste sour or salty to someone else, and this is because of differences in the receptors we’re born with. In other words, taste is partly genetic. According to Danielle Reed, a researcher at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia, “When we first started doing genetic studies, we really just limited ourselves to looking at a few Europeans, people of European ancestry. 3 We are broadening our horizons and studying people of Asian and African ancestry, and that has really opened up the knowledge that people are much more diverse than we ever realized. Taste isn’t a matter of opinion. 4 ” But if scientists are telling us taste is largely genetic, what about restaurant critics and wine connoisseurs—people whose job is to tell us what to eat and drink? Are their opinions any better than our own? David Kermode, a wine judge for the International Wine and Spirits Competition, admits that while scientists have shown taste is largely individual and genetic, personal taste remains subjective. “ 5 But they are encouraged to set those prejudices aside.” A．It’s a matter of biology. B．It is actually the number-one driver for food choice. C．However, individual taste experience is highly subjective. D．But our taste, it turns out, isn’t simply a matter of opinion. E．People all have their own personal prejudices in whatever aspect of life they want to go into. F．And so, our understanding of the broad diversity of humans on the planet was extremely limited. G．For researchers in social sciences, taste is a broader concept related to tradition, geography, culture, as well as social relations. （24-25高三上·北京石景山·期末）Time or Money? Would you rather have a higher salary or the freedom to work from anywhere in the world? According to a survey, seven out of ten surveyed readers would consider accepting a lower salary for more perks (额外收入) and benefits — one in ten would definitely do so. 1 . For today’s workforce, especially Gen Zs and millennials (千禧一代), perks extend far beyond the traditional benefits package. They are putting a lot of focus on work-life balance, career advancement, and the company’s culture and values. Among all, a flexible work arrangement tops the list of those values. 2 . The ability to control when and where they work not only boosts productivity but also helps prevent burnout. This shift enforces companies to demonstrate that they value outcomes and results over rigid schedules. In return, employees feel trusted, valued, and empowered, performing at their best when given the flexibility to balance their personal and professional lives. 3 . For women, especially working mothers, unclear boundaries between home and work can make them feel like they are always working, which increases the risk of burnout. Moreover, remote work can intensify (增强) the challenges associated with career advancement, as fewer in-person interactions can lead to being overlooked or sidelined. 4 . This belief could negatively affect their chances for promotions and leadership opportunities. Looking ahead, flexible work arrangements are here to stay and will likely continue to evolve. 5 . Organizations should ensure equitable opportunities consistent with flexible work models, such as offering personalized arrangements instead of one-size-fits-all solutions. A．This is where company policies can play a crucial role. B．Employers invest a lot in creating attractive work environments. C．It provides the independence and freedom younger employees seek. D．While flexible work arrangements offer benefits, they also have drawbacks. E．Flexibility and work-life balance now outweigh financial rewards for many. F．But what are these perks and how are companies adapting to meet these expectations? G．Furthermore, those who prefer flexibility are often seen as less committed to their careers. （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）You’re standing in line at the grocery store or waiting for an elevator. You have no more than a minute to kill. And yet, before you’ve even realized what you’re doing, you’ve pulled out your phone and have begun to mindlessly scroll (滚屏) through apps. 1 Research suggests plenty of people do the same thing. Only 11% of people's smartphone checks were in response to a notification. For the rest of the time, they checked their phones totally unplanned, often without thinking through why they were doing it. We' re so used to constant stimulation that we feel uncomfortable when we’re not doing anything, even for just a few seconds. Our brains are hardwired to seek out rewards like knowledge, entertainment, and social connection. All of those things were much harder to find before we had tiny computers at our fingertips. Now we do. Our phones are basically all-you-can-eat buffets for our brains, endlessly and easily serving up the things they want. 2 A quick phone check probably isn't doing your brain any real harm. 3 Over time, constant scrolling could have a negative effect on your job performance, relationships, sleep, and possibly even physical safety, if you’re doing things like checking your phone while you walk or drive. 4 When you give in to your urges and check your phone, then feel guilty about it, the feeling of failure adds shame to injury. If you want to break the habit of constant checking, you’ll have to work at it. Building awareness is a good way. 5 For example, next time you catch yourself scrolling through short videos without even absorbing the content, think about whether you really want to be on your phone, or you are just putting off a less-fun task. A．Checking your phone is often automatic. B．There's also a mental-health element to consider. C．Of course our minds can't help but feed themselves. D．Start going without your phone for set periods of time. E．The urge to check your phone is often related to stress relief. F．Take a moment to ask yourself what is driving your behavior. G．But it's also worth considering how all those little checks add up. （24-25高三上·北京东城·期末）While compliments (赞扬) may seem simple, they can have a large impact on you and the people around you, creating a ripple of positivity. However, giving compliments requires skills and knowledge. Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern. 1 About two-thirds of compliments in the US are made using just five adjectives: nice, good, beautiful, pretty, and great. In addition, about 80% of compliments follow three formats. So if I liked a book you wrote and wanted to say something positive about it, my compliment would probably follow one of these basic patterns: “Your book is great,” “I love your book,” or “That is a terrific book.” 2 . For example, in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive far more compliments than men. About three-quarters of women’s compliments to other women in an unstructured, informal setting involve appearance. In a goal-oriented, formal setting, 68% of praise statements are about performance. 3 Whether the compliment is effective depends on whether it is believable, appropriate, and unqualified. 4 If you tell me my hair looks good, I will dismiss it and suspect your motives, because I have little hair. More generally, people with low self-esteem don’t usually receive compliments well. As researchers have shown, in people with high self-esteem, a compliment stimulates parts of the brain responsible for self-referential thinking. This occurs significantly less for people who have low self-esteem. Even if a compliment agrees with one’s self-conception, scholars concluded, it must meet three criteria to be accepted by its object. 5 It must be sincere. And it must occur in the appropriate context. A．It must follow the basic patterns. B．The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it. C．What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences. D．A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient’s self-conception. E．If people have negative view of a person, they would resist his compliments. F．In contrast, men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings. G．They are generally directed toward another person’s appearance, performance, or possessions. （24-25高三上·北京顺义·期末）Experienced negotiators know that those who ask for more, get more. 1 It works in any important communication opportunity, such as asking for help or getting approval from your senior leadership on an important project. Researchers have proven that knowing what you want increases the chances you get it. If you’re explaining a situation to someone, it may be the first time they’ve thought about it. 2 Then your asking acts as a base for their final decision. Being clear about what you want also makes you look more reliable. Decision makers generally don’t like people bringing problems without a solution. They may not agree with the solution, but they will appreciate that you’ve thought about it. In fact, figuring out what to recommend will force you to think deeply and clearly about the situation, which will improve the quality of the end product. 3 Asking for what you want may feel pushy, but it actually puts the other person at ease. Being clear up front about your ask respects the relationship by reducing tension. 4 You know they want something but they don’t get right to the point, so you feel more and more uncomfortable as they beat around the bush, because you’ re wondering where they’ re going with it. 5 But if you were going to end up with a no anyway, it’s better to lose early than late. Besides saving time, it may avoid an extended debate which makes the other person stick even more to their own position. A．But it’s not limited to negotiation situations. B．You do run the risk of getting a quick rejection. C．We have a tendency to overestimate the chance of rejection. D．And this is the best final driver of your personal trustworthiness. E．Think of the times that someone has approached you for a request. F．Most communication situations benefit from being direct in your ask. G．There is a good chance that they will be slightly uncertain about what to do. （24-25高三上·北京丰台·期末）Hesitation as intuition (直觉) You’ve thought about it. You’ve made your decision and then.….you hesitate. Your mouse hovers over the “purchase now” button, you’ve written the text but can’t quite bring yourself to press “send”. You hesitate. 1 Our culture values doing. We’re constantly urged to “go for it.” But what if hesitation is not a sign of weakness but rather a valuable signal? 2 But we don’t always make it a practice to listen to our bodies. When we do pay attention, we have access to a lot of nonrational information including our intuition. If you notice yourself hesitating, it might mean a part of you isn’t quite sure. Hesitation can be the body’s way of alerting us to overlooked details or concealed information that could be crucial to our choice. Since hesitation can carry such significance, it becomes essential to understand the nature of the signals our bodies send. Although distinguishing between intuition and fear or anxiety is not easy, when we cultivate the habit of self-awareness and understand our fears, we can begin to decipher (辨认) the messages behind our hesitation. Moreover, our rational minds have their limitations. 3 Therefore, by integrating our emotions and physical sensations into the decision-making process, we access a more comprehensive understanding. To make more informed decisions, we can employ specific strategies. One way that we can help ourselves with a specific decision is to notice when there’s hesitation and, if you have the time, wait. 4 Another interesting way to look at making a decision is to walk up to the door of it. Take action as if you had already made the decision. And before it’s too late, notice how it feels to walk that path. That may give you more information than thinking ever could. 5 By integrating both rational and intuitive elements, we can handle the complex choices with greater confidence and clarity. A．It’s easy to miss intuitive signals when we are moving from thinking minds. B．They work within fixed frameworks that might not match the complex reality. C．While our minds are undoubtedly powerful, our bodies also hold a wealth of wisdom. D．In nature, the key to effective decision-making lies in seeing hesitation as a help. E．Check back in with the decision you thought you made and see if anything differs. F．Hesitation means your intuition is trying to speak to you from deep inner place. G．This hesitation is common yet often overlooked in our decision-making process. （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·期末）Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as “I’m a lovable person”. 1 However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found “toxic positivity” — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage. 2 Beginning in the industrial revolution, socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn’t consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health. It isn’t surprising that we want to believe things will turn out better if we have positive attitude. After all, there is a growing body of research indicating that an optimistic outlook on life does have benefits, such as promoting physical health, boosting energy, and reducing stress. It also isn’t surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant. 3 Nevertheless, it is becoming apparent that positivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with more than 217, 000 participants investigated the link between optimism, pessimism and mortality. It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with the lower risk of death, however, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. 4 How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions. 5 The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. A．We need to accept them as a normal part of human experience. B．Our tendency to avoid the darker aspects of human experience isn’t new. C．When we experience them, we can become consumed, disturbed or inactive. D．Neglecting negative emotions is also found to be harmful to our mental health. E．They urge us to inject a bit of positive emotion into our day to gain the benefits. F．Positive chants like this are set to boost a person’s mood and feelings of self-worth. G．We are more likely to perceive normal emotions as mental problems needing treatment. （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）Bedtime Rituals At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show. 1 Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep. If you turn these activities into a ritual— that is, if you do them every night around the same time — you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need. A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes. 2 Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common. Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure. Some rituals, such as journaling, might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning. 3 Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences. If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day. 4 Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low. 5 A．Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. B．There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. C．Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. D．For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. E．If classical music calms you, turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath. F．But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. G．Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality. 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高三上·北京海淀·期末）Imagine you’ve been working for hours before a deadline, but you feel like you’re getting nowhere. You’re starting to feel really anxious. At this point, you might start to blame yourself for having this emotion. Now you have two emotions: feeling anxious about getting work done and feeling frustrated that you are anxious. When the second emotion gets layered on top of the first emotion, you often feel worse and are even less likely to reach your goals. You may now be wondering if it is possible to make the second emotion less likely. 1 . Many people have heard of “mindfulness”. It is often associated with doing a meditation (冥想) practice, but its essence is to be more aware and accepting of your present-moment experience. 2 Acceptance can limit judgmental thoughts and unhelpful secondary emotions. Let me explain. Picture yourself in a challenging situation like the scenario described above and you feel anxiety arising. Instead of getting upset at yourself for having this emotion, you bring your awareness to the experience of the emotion and accept it. You might feel that this anxiety is not fun to experience. 3 With this attitude of acceptance, and stepping away from the tendency to fight against the emotion, you are less likely to get stuck in a loop of judgmental thoughts that might trigger more unwanted emotions. 4 But evidence suggests that it works. That is probably because accepting yourselves, including your emotions, relieves pressure. You stop adding fuel to the emotional fire when you release judgmental thoughts about your emotions. 5 For instance, you could turn down the volume on the initial emotion, perhaps by seeing the situation from a new perspective or asking someone for support. A．Thankfully, research suggests that the answer is yes. B．You can’t be productive even when you have more inner space. C．Then you may question if you are feeling anxious about getting work done. D．Yet you know you can breathe it through and that it is just a passing emotion. E．Sometimes the experience includes an unpleasant emotion you don’t want to feel. F．It might sound unreasonable that embracing an unpleasant emotion can be a good thing. G．You also create more inner space to determine whether you can do something that helps. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$