精品解析：广东省佛山市南海区石门中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题

石门中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高一年级 英语科开学测试试题 全卷共9页，供全级使用 检测范围：Book 2 U4—U5 L2, NCE2 L25—30 第一部分：听力（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 听两段材料，每段材料播放两遍。听完后回答问题，每个问题读两遍。 听材料一，完成1-2小题。 A1. _______________________________________________________________________________________ A2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 听材料二，完成3-5小题。 A3. _______________________________________________________________________________________ A4. _______________________________________________________________________________________ A5. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A “Why do I live? Why do I wish for anything, or do anything? Is there anything in my life that will not be destroyed by my death?” These are the words of the famous Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. Like Tolstoy, many people ask these difficult questions. And they struggle to find meaning in their life. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer difficult questions like these. His search for answers influenced his writing. On August 28th, 1828, Leo Tolstoy was born in the country of Russia. As a child, Tolstoy was a member of the Russian Catholic Church. But as a young man, he began to question that faith. Tolstoy wanted to make his own moral decisions; he was tired of being told what to believe. He thought people could achieve a degree of perfection if they tried hard enough. So he worked very hard at being the best in everything he did. He thought that he would find meaning and truth in success. In the 1850s, Leo Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his experiences in the army. He also told stories about when he was a child. These works were published and Tolstoy became a well-known writer. Tolstoy was finally successful. He earned the respect he always wanted. Many wealthy and intelligent men met and talked with Tolstoy. Some of the men were writers like him. They talked a lot about faith and the meaning of life. But soon Tolstoy recognized that these men were not perfect. Now he knew they could not answer his questions about faith. So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find meaning. He opened a school for the children of his serfs — the people who worked on his land. These workers were very poor. He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the wealthy people he knew. Tolstoy learned many things from his workers. He respected how they worked hard to provide for their families. He began to believe that marriage and family would give his life meaning. So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs. The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy’s life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books -War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Many literature experts say that War and Peace is one of the greatest books ever written. Both War and Peace and Anna Karenina communicate Tolstoy’s beliefs about the Russian nation, church and people. They also communicate what he thought was the answer to all his questions. Tolstoy believed humans were supposed to live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would satisfy him and bring him happiness. Leo Tolstoy is still a very respected writer today. His faith and writings have influenced many people. Tolstoy’s search for the meaning of life is something everyone can understand. His teachings still interest people all over the world. 1. Which shows the correct order of the following events? ①Tolstoy served in the army. ②Tolstoy got married. ③Tolstoy wrote War and Peace ④Tolstoy started a school. ⑤Tolstoy became a well-known writer. A. ①②③④⑤ B. ⑤①③②④ C. ①⑤④②③ D. ⑤④①③② 2. What does the underlined phrase “provide for” in paragraph 8 mean? A. Respect. B. Defend. C. Support. D. Comfort. 3. According to the passage, which is the most important to Tolstoy? A. Success. B. Family. C. Wealth. D. Fame. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Leo Tolstoy: Living for writing B. Leo Tolstoy: Influencing the world C. Leo Tolstoy：Being the best in everything D. Leo Tolstoy： Searching for the meaning of life B It is an honor for me to deliver this speech and on behalf of the graduating students, welcome you to this special ceremony 2020. This is a unique moment. We are stepping up to another phase of our lives at a time of great hardship and global difficulties. Hope this ceremony will help erase sad memories, refresh beautiful ones and add more splendid memories into our lives. I was born in the middle of war, which caused my family to move to Serbia for three years. When the war ended, we returned to Bosnia. My mother, who is and will ever be my heroine, was the only figure who guided me, provided for me and kept me on the right track, in the hope for a better life. I owed her so much as she is responsible for huge part of my success. I will always remember her teachings “to complain less and always find solutions at the price of whatever it takes” ， which brought me to China, an ancient land of new hopes. During the COVID-19 outbreak, I got the best opportunity to understand China. I saw millions of people united with one goal-to win the battle against this epidemic. I have never seen such a collective dedication from a nation, turning things for the better by sacrificing personal convenience on a grand scale. China's governance and health care system proves to be one of the most efficient in the world. With a population of 1.4 billion, China not only has successfully controlled the transmission of the corona-virus but also assisted many other countries across the globe. Everyone has a role to play in the battle against the virus. In Tsinghua, I played a tiny but necessary role: Staying on campus, studying online, cooperating during temperature checks and respecting social distancing measures. The rules set by the university and Chinese government had everyone's health and safety as first priority. This made me feel safe and confident that China was on the right track towards victory. Throughout this time, despite the immense challenges, Tsinghua has facilitated many online conferences, which helped me nurture more skills in my field of study. Friends, we are now graduating from one of the world’s most prestigious universities. Tsinghua has been like a mother to us over the past months and years, guiding and nurturing us along the way, providing us with great vision and placing on us high expectations. So what comes next? Actions speak louder than words. Let us accept new challenges, think beyond our limits and keep in mind the ethics of life. Let's undertake everything we can for the sake of unity, humanity and the international community. Let's work together for a more promising future and prosperous world. 5. In the author's eyes, the special ceremony 2020 should A. be a unique moment to mourn the sacrificed B. be a time to wave a heartfelt goodbye to adversities C. be a moment to open a new chapter of life D. be a glorious time to embrace a beautiful past 6. Which statement is true according to the passage? A. The author came to China so as to escape from wars B. The author witnessed how the original virus spread swiftly C. The author was requested to supply medical aid to the fight against COVID-19 D. Owing to dozens of timely measures,China had a ideal control of the virus 7. What impressed the author during her stay in Tsinghua? A The strict rules of the government. B. The joint commitment of the nation. C. The harsh circumstance in China. D. The great transformation of the school. C I remember my first true introduction to art fondly. It was my second year of university and I was a confused 19-year-old at the time, unsure of what academic path I wanted to pursue. I knew that I had always been fascinated by things that made me question the world around me, and my art history class was the first time I really got to get my feet wet. My professor, a post-graduate with natty (齐整的) hair, entertained us with her stories of travel and revealed the arts of the world to us, something that had not been touched on since my primary school years. The grand story of time was told in broken Greek sculptures, figures whose amazingly detailed limestone carvings were often missing arms and heads to the brittle ravages (无情的破坏) of time. We explored the patterns of the Medieval era and the early Renaissance religious symbolism of Michelangelo and Botticelli. We analyzed the mustard (芥末黄) and chiaroscuro (明暗对比) glare of the Baroque paintings of Caravaggio and El Greco, and we were amazed by the sandcastle-naturalism of the Spanish architect Gaudi. The history of art has fascinated me ever since. I never had a talent for art myself, but I always did have a well-grounded appreciation for those who did . In primary school, we explored art through music and painting classes; but once we entered secondary school, art was an elective course and quickly limited to the dustbins of my memory. It was only after that humble art history class that I realized what I had been missing. I strongly believe that a well-rounded society needs everyone to have an early education in the arts. A healthy society needs all its members to open their eyes — and their minds — so that they can learn what is true and beautiful, just as the famous Greek philosopher Plato said, “The reflection of beauty causes the soul to grow wings”. 8. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in the first paragraph? A. The author got lost in the art history class due to the confusion. B. The author was starting to figure out the exact academic path. C. The author was starting to learn to appreciate art. D. The author wet his feet because of carelessness. 9. Why did the author mention the professor? A. To show his love for Greek sculptures. B. To show the beginning of his love for art. C. To tell readers the professor’s love for grand stories. D. To tell readers what the Renaissance religious symbolism is. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards art education? A. Unclear. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Doubtful. 11. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To advocate the popularity of art history. B. To propose a change in the education of art history. C. To urge people to explore more art classes in an early age. D. To arouse people’s awareness of the importance of early art education. D Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship（手艺）that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟) —so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by band in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example. Other companies are using a broader interpretation（阐释）of low technology that focuses on nature. Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path. Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “Our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished, because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “We’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to regain their individual identity.” This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life.” Morris said. Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure. These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office - even simple views of trees and flowers - felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially benefit the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. 12. The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that _________ A. Twitter is having a hard time B. Old cottages are in need of protection C. Early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana D. Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology 13. Low technology is regarded as something that __________ A. is related to nature B. is out of date today C. cosumes too much energy D. exists in the virtual world 14. The writer’s attitude to “low technology” can best be described as __________ A. Critical B. positive C. worried D. doubtful 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Past Glories, Future Dreams B. The Virtual World, the Real Challenge C. High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices D. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Positive Ways the World May Change After Coronavirus More flexibility in workplaces Many businesses can in fact thrive with a remote workforce. ____16____ Commutes (通勤) often “wastes” time when you could get more work done or do other things you enjoy more. Therefore, companies that allow remote work actually gain goodwill because they understand the value of freedom and flexibility. Healthier lifestyle habits More flexibility and reduced commuting mean people can find more time to exercise as well—even if it’s at home rather than at the gym. ____17____ And although restaurants have opened back up, those who discovered the joy of cooking will be likely to continue to make healthy, home-cooked meals for their family. More likely to improve the environment Shortly after the lockdown began in Wuhan, carbon emissions dropped around 25 percent and the result was visible from space. ____18____ However, seeing the possibilities may serve as motivation for better conservation of the planet. Stronger family connections During lockdown, families created bonds that are likely to remain strong. Since you’re home anyway, there’s no excuse not to have dinner together. Families are also returning to classic activities like movie nights and outdoor nature adventures. They give you opportunities to create a lot of openings for connection on a deeper and more meaningful level. ____19____ ____20____ This time of suffering and death brought a recognition that life is something to be cherished and not taken for granted. COVID has created a loss on so many levels that it has forced us to look deeply at what we have been doing daily and why it matters. This active seeking of insight and answers has caused many individuals to be grateful for what they have. A. More planning for future life. B. More appreciation and gratitude for life. C. This has been missing in many homes since smartphones entered the picture. D. This will forever change the workplace, with offices taking a much smaller role. E. The improvement in air quality was obvious, but it was also, sadly, not lasting. F. The crisis has led people to focus on exercise and spend more time with family members. G. One survey showed the number of people who never work out decreased since the pandemic began. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This is a real story about an old man in China. Sixty-three-year-old Zhuang Guorong is a ___21___ rural (乡村的) primary school art teacher, who has had a life of ___22___ for more than 40 years. Every year, the strong, younger-than-his-actual-age pensioner (领养老金者) goes to “the farmers’ home” of Chenyang Community to paint or ___23___ other villagers how to ___24___. “The farmers’ home”, a public building, ___25___ the venue (聚集地点) for a branch of the Sheyang Farmers Painting Institute. The institute is a government ___26___ cultural organization in Sheyang County, in the north of Jiangsu Province, east China. Zhuang works at the ___27___ part time, and each year he ___28___ up to ten paintings, which are then bought by the local government. He makes around 5,000 yuan — that’s about 740 US dollars — a year by doing this ___29___. As well as earning himself some money, Zhuang says the job gives him an opportunity to express his views of life to his fellow countrymen, ____30____ the elderly. “This painting is about a nursing home. We now live in a(n) ____31____ society. We can no longer ____32____ the traditional way of taking care of our elderly just with our children doing it. ____33____, professional nursing homes are important for elderly people’s welfare.” “In this painting, I described a ____34____ of young people celebrating the birthday of a senior citizen. The message I want to convey is that life in one’s later years can still be happy. And all of my paintings are like this one — based on our ____35____ lives.” 21. A. smart B. famous C. strict D. retired 22. A. painting B. writing C. farming D. designing 23. A. ask B. teach C. examine D. answer 24. A. exercise B. communicate C. learn D. draw 25. A. belongs to B. looks like C. serves as D. stands for 26. A. decorated B. supported C. controlled D. reported 27. A. school B. office C. village D. institute 28. A. creates B. collects C. copies D. exhibits 29. A. test B. talking C. work D. research 30. A. especially B. similarly C. equally D. generally 31. A. free B. open C. ageing D. technological 32. A. ask for B. rely on C. think of D. turn down 33. A. However B. Instead C. Besides D. Therefore 34. A. dream B. story C. scene D. photo 35. A. real B. different C. normal D. sad 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A recently released Chinese documentary featuring the Forbidden City’s cultural relics (遗迹) and their restorers’ lives is becoming ____36____ hit, with more than 2.4 million ____37____ (watch) it online. Called Master in Forbidden City, the documentary reveals the unsung life stories of restorers, together ____38____ the history of the antiques and the palace, the procedures of restoration and the development of cultural protection. The three-part documentary ____39____ (receive) impressive rating of 9.5/10 on Douban.com up to now, one of the ____40____ (big) film and TV review websites in China. Compared with movies and TV shows a documentary ____41____ (focus) on history and culture rarely becomes so popular. ____42____ is more touching in the documentary is the craftsman (工匠) spirit in these restorers. Years of boring work requires not only skills, ____43____ faith and spirit as well. The pursuit of preciseness and perfection, devotion to work, strong patience... all these qualities are a vivid ____44____ (reflect) of “craftsman spirit”. This lifts and broadens the theme of the documentary. Master in Forbidden City _____45_____ (delicate) tells the stories of both modern individuals and historical cultural relics in a touching yet natural way. No doubt people love it so much. 第四部分 基础知识运用（共2节，满分40分） 第一节 单句填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. When ________ (complete), the project will have the capacity to test electric power systems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. He made a smile, ________ (satisfy) with the result. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Tom didn’t believe the news ________ he had failed the test. (用适当的词填空) 49. He spoke slowly to make himself ______ (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Life in senior secondary school is very different from __________ in junior secondary school. (用适当的词填空) 51. The government designed and built the green way system ________ (aim) at offering convenience and benefits to people and improving the city’s ecological environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. When we weren’t playing on the court ________ was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV. (用适当的词填空) 53. The Bears, a team ______record this season had been perfect. （用适当的单词填空） 54. Paul knew that ________ (be) shorter than other players meant that he had to practice more. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. Don’t run too fast for the first hour, ________ you won’t have enough energy left for the rest of the race. (用适当的词填空) 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据所给首字母或中文意思写出符合句子内容的单词的正确形式。请在答卷写出完整单词！ 56. The man used to make a living by d________ milk from door to door. (根据首字母单词拼写) 57. The hiking trip may be a very r________ (有益的，有意义的) experience. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 58. Soldiers were sent to watch over the city and m________ peace. (根据首字母单词拼写) 59. They try to identify the exact l________ (位置) of the sunken ship so that they could get it out of water. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 60. All the characters in the novel are i________ . They don’t exist in real life. (根据首字母单词拼写) 61. She disliked the loss of ________ (隐私) after becoming an Internet celebrity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 62. The teacher showed the kids some pictures and examples, making the difficult theory more ________ (易懂的) to them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. The volcanic e________ is a big disaster, claiming hundreds of lives. (根据首字母单词拼写) 64. The little girl was f________ (害怕) of walking home alone in the dark. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 65. He was lucky to e________ being killed in the car crash. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第三节 完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 66. What journals have you ________________ (订阅) this year? (根据汉语提示完成句子) 67. He is an active environmentalist who ________________ (关心，关注) environmental protection. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 68. Regular exercise can strengthen your body and fresh your mind. ________________ (除此以外), it can sharpen your focus and improve your mood. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 69. Under great pressure, she was ________________ (在……的边缘，快要……) breaking down. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 70. All the economic activities are held ________________ (基于……) quality and equality. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 71. As a doctor, he has to ________________ (记录，追踪，了解) the latest development in medicine. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 72. He drove off ________________ (朝……的方向) a supermarket. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 73. The car didn’t stop. Instead, it ran ________________ (以很快的速度，飞快地). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 74. The firefighters soon arrived to ________________ (扑灭，熄灭) the fire. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 75. As he was busy with his work, he simply ________________ (简要地回应) my question. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第五部分 写作（满分20分，包括书写分5分） 76. 假定你是李华，你校组织的英语夏令营招聘志愿者，接待来营的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括： 1.应聘目的； 2.相关经验及口语能力； 3.祝愿夏令营圆满举办。 要求：1）字数100左右； 2）请在答题区域内作答，否则判无效。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 A1. America/ USA/ US. (Where does Cathy come from?) A2. At 4 p. m. (When will they start making dumplings?) A3. The speaker moved to Shanghai from the US because of a job opportunity. (Why did the speaker move to Shanghai from the US?) A4. The best way to know a city is to slowly experience it. (What is the best way to know a city for the speaker?) A5. The speaker stayed in Shanghai for 2 years. (How long did the speaker stay in Shanghai?) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 石门中学2024-2025学年度第二学期高一年级 英语科开学测试试题 全卷共9页，供全级使用 检测范围：Book 2 U4—U5 L2, NCE2 L25—30 第一部分：听力（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 听两段材料，每段材料播放两遍。听完后回答问题，每个问题读两遍。 听材料一，完成1-2小题。 A1. _______________________________________________________________________________________ A2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 听材料二，完成3-5小题。 A3. _______________________________________________________________________________________ A4. _______________________________________________________________________________________ A5. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A “Why do I live? Why do I wish for anything, or do anything? Is there anything in my life that will not be destroyed by my death?” These are the words of the famous Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. Like Tolstoy, many people ask these difficult questions. And they struggle to find meaning in their life. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer difficult questions like these. His search for answers influenced his writing. On August 28th, 1828, Leo Tolstoy was born in the country of Russia. As a child, Tolstoy was a member of the Russian Catholic Church. But as a young man, he began to question that faith. Tolstoy wanted to make his own moral decisions; he was tired of being told what to believe. He thought people could achieve a degree of perfection if they tried hard enough. So he worked very hard at being the best in everything he did. He thought that he would find meaning and truth in success. In the 1850s, Leo Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his experiences in the army. He also told stories about when he was a child. These works were published and Tolstoy became a well-known writer. Tolstoy was finally successful. He earned the respect he always wanted. Many wealthy and intelligent men met and talked with Tolstoy. Some of the men were writers like him. They talked a lot about faith and the meaning of life. But soon Tolstoy recognized that these men were not perfect. Now he knew they could not answer his questions about faith. So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find meaning. He opened a school for the children of his serfs — the people who worked on his land. These workers were very poor. He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the wealthy people he knew. Tolstoy learned many things from his workers. He respected how they worked hard to provide for their families. He began to believe that marriage and family would give his life meaning. So in 1862 Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs. The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy’s life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books -War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Many literature experts say that War and Peace is one of the greatest books ever written. Both War and Peace and Anna Karenina communicate Tolstoy’s beliefs about the Russian nation, church and people. They also communicate what he thought was the answer to all his questions. Tolstoy believed humans were supposed to live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would satisfy him and bring him happiness. Leo Tolstoy is still a very respected writer today. His faith and writings have influenced many people. Tolstoy’s search for the meaning of life is something everyone can understand. His teachings still interest people all over the world. 1. Which shows the correct order of the following events? ①Tolstoy served in the army. ②Tolstoy got married. ③Tolstoy wrote War and Peace. ④Tolstoy started a school. ⑤Tolstoy became a well-known writer. A. ①②③④⑤ B. ⑤①③②④ C. ①⑤④②③ D. ⑤④①③② 2. What does the underlined phrase “provide for” in paragraph 8 mean? A. Respect. B. Defend. C. Support. D. Comfort. 3. According to the passage, which is the most important to Tolstoy? A. Success. B. Family. C. Wealth. D. Fame. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Leo Tolstoy: Living for writing B. Leo Tolstoy: Influencing the world C. Leo Tolstoy：Being the best in everything D. Leo Tolstoy： Searching for the meaning of life 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了伟大的俄国作家托尔斯泰的生平，他一生都在寻找生命的意义。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the 1850s, Leo Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his experiences in the army”可知，他在19世纪50年代写的书中提到了在部队的经历，也就是说他在19世纪50年代以前在部队服役过；根据第四段中的“These works were published and Tolstoy became a well-known writer.”可知，在19世纪50年代写的书出版以后，他成了一位众所周知的作家；根据第六段中的“So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find meaning. He opened a school for the children of his serfs -the people who worked on his land.”可知，19世纪60年代，他为农奴的孩子开办了一所学校；根据第七段中的“So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs”可知，1862年，他与Sonya Behrs结婚了；根据第八段中的“The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy’s life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books -War and Peace and Anna Karenina.”可知，婚后的15年里，他写了《战争与和平》和《安娜卡列尼娜》，故C项正确。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“He respected how they worked hard to”以及画线部分后的宾语their families可知，他尊重工人们为养家而如何努力工作的，由此可知画线词词义为“支持、供养”，故C项正确。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Tolstoy believed humans were supposed to live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would satisfy him and bring him happiness.”可知，托尔斯泰认为人们应该过一种简朴的、顾家的生活，他认为这会让他满足和带来幸福。由此可知，他认为家庭最重要，故B项正确。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“And they struggle to find meaning in their life. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer difficult questions like these.”可知，本文主要介绍了伟大的俄国作家托尔斯泰的生平，他一生都在寻找生命的意义，故D项正确。 【点睛】本文的主旨大意题难度较大，需要理解文章第一段的几个问句的作用，这几个问句旨在引出文章话题——第二段中的“And they struggle to find meaning in their life. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer difficult questions like these.”（托尔斯泰一生都在寻找生命的意义），由此可知本文主要讲的是托尔斯泰一生都在寻找生命的意义而不是他的写作生涯或对世界的影响。 B It is an honor for me to deliver this speech and on behalf of the graduating students, welcome you to this special ceremony 2020. This is a unique moment. We are stepping up to another phase of our lives at a time of great hardship and global difficulties. Hope this ceremony will help erase sad memories, refresh beautiful ones and add more splendid memories into our lives. I was born in the middle of war, which caused my family to move to Serbia for three years. When the war ended, we returned to Bosnia. My mother, who is and will ever be my heroine, was the only figure who guided me, provided for me and kept me on the right track, in the hope for a better life. I owed her so much as she is responsible for huge part of my success. I will always remember her teachings “to complain less and always find solutions at the price of whatever it takes” ， which brought me to China, an ancient land of new hopes. During the COVID-19 outbreak, I got the best opportunity to understand China. I saw millions of people united with one goal-to win the battle against this epidemic. I have never seen such a collective dedication from a nation, turning things for the better by sacrificing personal convenience on a grand scale. China's governance and health care system proves to be one of the most efficient in the world. With a population of 1.4 billion, China not only has successfully controlled the transmission of the corona-virus but also assisted many other countries across the globe. Everyone has a role to play in the battle against the virus. In Tsinghua, I played a tiny but necessary role: Staying on campus, studying online, cooperating during temperature checks and respecting social distancing measures. The rules set by the university and Chinese government had everyone's health and safety as first priority. This made me feel safe and confident that China was on the right track towards victory. Throughout this time, despite the immense challenges, Tsinghua has facilitated many online conferences, which helped me nurture more skills in my field of study. Friends, we are now graduating from one of the world’s most prestigious universities. Tsinghua has been like a mother to us over the past months and years, guiding and nurturing us along the way, providing us with great vision and placing on us high expectations. So what comes next? Actions speak louder than words. Let us accept new challenges, think beyond our limits and keep in mind the ethics of life. Let's undertake everything we can for the sake of unity, humanity and the international community. Let's work together for a more promising future and prosperous world. 5. In the author's eyes, the special ceremony 2020 should A. be a unique moment to mourn the sacrificed B. be a time to wave a heartfelt goodbye to adversities C. be a moment to open a new chapter of life D. be a glorious time to embrace a beautiful past 6. Which statement is true according to the passage? A. The author came to China so as to escape from wars B. The author witnessed how the original virus spread swiftly C. The author was requested to supply medical aid to the fight against COVID-19 D. Owing to dozens of timely measures,China had a ideal control of the virus 7. What impressed the author during her stay in Tsinghua? A. The strict rules of the government. B. The joint commitment of the nation. C. The harsh circumstance in China. D. The great transformation of the school. 【答案】5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，是作者在毕业典礼上的演讲稿。主要介绍了作者在清华大学学习和生活的感悟。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段句子“We are stepping up to another phase of our lives at a time of great hardship and global difficulties. Hope this ceremony will help erase sad memories, refresh beautiful ones and add more splendid memories into our lives.”（在我们面临巨大困难和全球困难的时候，我们正在步入我们生活的另一个阶段。希望这个仪式能帮助我们抹去悲伤的回忆，刷新美好的回忆，为我们的生活增添更多精彩的回忆。）可知，作者把这个特殊的仪式看作是开启人生新篇章的时刻。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段句子“ China's governance and health care system proves to be one of the most efficient in the world. With a population of 1.4 billion, China not only has successfully controlled the transmission of the corona-virus but also assisted many other countries across the globe.”（事实证明，中国的治理和医疗体系是世界上效率最高的体系之一。中国有14亿人口，不仅成功地控制了冠状病毒的传播，而且还向全球许多国家提供了援助。）根据第五段“ Everyone has a role to play in the battle against the virus. In Tsinghua, I played a tiny but necessary role: Staying on campus, studying online, cooperating during temperature checks and respecting social distancing measures.”在与病毒的斗争中，每个人都可以发挥作用。在清华，我扮演了一个很小但很必要的角色:留在校园里，在线学习，配合体温检测，尊重社交距离措施。可以推测出，中国之所以能控制冠状病毒的传播，是因为采取了及时有效的措施。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“During the COVID-19 outbreak, I got the best opportunity to understand China. I saw millions of people united with one goal-to win the battle against this epidemic. I have never seen such a collective dedication from a nation, turning things for the better by sacrificing personal convenience on a grand scale. ）可知，在新冠肺炎疫情期间，我得到了了解中国的最好机会。我看到数百万人为了一个目标团结在一起，那就是战胜这场疫情。我从未见过一个国家有这样的集体奉献精神，通过牺牲个人的便利来把事情变得更好。由此判断出使作者印象深刻的是整个民族的奉献精神。故选B项。 【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。如本文第1题，找出文中提到的“我们正在步入我们生活的另一个阶段”，很容易判断正确答案。 C I remember my first true introduction to art fondly. It was my second year of university and I was a confused 19-year-old at the time, unsure of what academic path I wanted to pursue. I knew that I had always been fascinated by things that made me question the world around me, and my art history class was the first time I really got to get my feet wet. My professor, a post-graduate with natty (齐整的) hair, entertained us with her stories of travel and revealed the arts of the world to us, something that had not been touched on since my primary school years. The grand story of time was told in broken Greek sculptures, figures whose amazingly detailed limestone carvings were often missing arms and heads to the brittle ravages (无情的破坏) of time. We explored the patterns of the Medieval era and the early Renaissance religious symbolism of Michelangelo and Botticelli. We analyzed the mustard (芥末黄) and chiaroscuro (明暗对比) glare of the Baroque paintings of Caravaggio and El Greco, and we were amazed by the sandcastle-naturalism of the Spanish architect Gaudi. The history of art has fascinated me ever since. I never had a talent for art myself, but I always did have a well-grounded appreciation for those who did . In primary school, we explored art through music and painting classes; but once we entered secondary school, art was an elective course and quickly limited to the dustbins of my memory. It was only after that humble art history class that I realized what I had been missing. I strongly believe that a well-rounded society needs everyone to have an early education in the arts. A healthy society needs all its members to open their eyes — and their minds — so that they can learn what is true and beautiful, just as the famous Greek philosopher Plato said, “The reflection of beauty causes the soul to grow wings”. 8. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in the first paragraph? A. The author got lost in the art history class due to the confusion. B. The author was starting to figure out the exact academic path. C. The author was starting to learn to appreciate art. D. The author wet his feet because of carelessness. 9. Why did the author mention the professor? A. To show his love for Greek sculptures. B. To show the beginning of his love for art. C. To tell readers the professor’s love for grand stories. D. To tell readers what the Renaissance religious symbolism is. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards art education? A. Unclear. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Doubtful. 11. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To advocate the popularity of art history. B. To propose a change in the education of art history. C. To urge people to explore more art classes in an early age. D. To arouse people’s awareness of the importance of early art education. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者初识艺术的经历，以及作者对艺术教育的看法。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“I remember my first true introduction to art fondly. (我深情地记得我第一次真正接触艺术的经历。)”和“I knew that I had always been fascinated by things that made me question the world around me (我一直对那些让我对周围世界产生疑问的事物着迷。)”可知，艺术史课程正是作者第一次真正涉足这个领域的尝试。get my feet wet表示“作者开始接触并尝试新事物”，即开始学习欣赏艺术。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“My professor, a post-graduate with natty hair, entertained us with her stories of travel and revealed the arts of the world to us, something that had not been touched on since my primary school years. (我的教授是一位头发整洁的研究生，她用旅行故事逗我们开心，并向我们揭示了世界的艺术，这是自小学以来从未涉及过的内容。)”可知，作者提到教授是因为教授向作者揭示了世界的艺术，这成为作者爱上艺术的开始。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I strongly believe that a well-rounded society needs everyone to have an early education in the arts. A healthy society needs all its members to open their eyes — and their minds — so that they can learn what is true and beautiful (我坚信，一个全面发展的社会需要每个人都早期接受艺术教育。一个健康的社会需要其所有成员睁开眼睛——以及他们的思想——这样他们才能学习什么是真实和美丽的)”可知，作者强烈认为一个健康的社会需要所有成员都接受早期艺术教育，这表明作者对艺术教育是支持的。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章讲述了作者初识艺术的经历，以及最后一段“I strongly believe that a well-rounded society needs everyone to have an early education in the arts. A healthy society needs all its members to open their eyes — and their minds — so that they can learn what is true and beautiful (我坚信，一个全面发展的社会需要每个人都早期接受艺术教育。一个健康的社会需要其所有成员睁开他们的眼睛——以及他们的心灵——这样他们才能学会什么是真实和美好的)”提到作者对艺术教育的看法，即作者认为一个健康的社会需要所有成员都接受早期艺术教育，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是唤起人们对早期艺术教育重要性的认识。故选D。 D Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship（手艺）that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟的) —so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by band in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example. Other companies are using a broader interpretation（阐释）of low technology that focuses on nature. Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path. Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “Our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished, because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “We’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to regain their individual identity.” This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life.” Morris said. Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure. These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office - even simple views of trees and flowers - felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially benefit the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. 12. The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that _________ A. Twitter is having a hard time B. Old cottages are in need of protection C. Early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana D. Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology 13. Low technology is regarded as something that __________ A. is related to nature B. is out of date today C. cosumes too much energy D. exists in the virtual world 14. The writer’s attitude to “low technology” can best be described as __________ A. Critical B. positive C. worried D. doubtful 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Past Glories, Future Dreams B. The Virtual World, the Real Challenge C. High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices D. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文为一篇说明文。这篇短文讲述的是关于现代科技公司运用“大自然对人们创造力产生作用”的理念，积极创设原生态的办公环境。这里提到的低科技指的是工业化之前的建造技术，它更贴近自然。在自然的办公环境下，职员们不会感到有压力，对他们的健康是有好处的。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段now they hold Twitter engineers.（现在，Twitter工程师在里面工作）和第二段The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”（这些小屋可能是行业对“低技术”不寻常热爱的一个例子。）互联网公司管理人员发现了“低技术”的好处，才会喜爱这个原生态的村舍。由此推断出，作者提到这两幢19世纪的村舍是为了表明，互联网公司重新发现了低技术的好处。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。第二段中的The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanshipthat exists long before the Internet era.(这些小屋可能是该行业对“低技术”的非常热爱的一个例子，这是一个与自然世界相关的概念，与互联网时代之前就存在的老派工艺有关。)可以判断出，“低科技”跟大自然有关，即在一个天然的环境下。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。作者引用了一项研究Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.(研究表明自然环境可以恢复我们的智力。在日本，人们鼓励病人“森林浴”，在树林中散步以降低血压。)来说明自然环境对我们精神上的有利影响。所以我们可以推断出作者对于“低技术”的态度是积极的。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。这篇文章中作者告诉我们，现代的高科技公司需要有创造力，要充分的利用以前的低技术，创设更加原生态的办公环境。文中第三段与第四段举例，现代高科技的办公室运用“low technology”。且“low technology”是文章的中心词。故用C项High-tech Companies Low-tech Offices(高科技的公司，低技术的办公室)作为题目是最合适的。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Positive Ways the World May Change After Coronavirus More flexibility in workplaces Many businesses can in fact thrive with a remote workforce. ____16____ Commutes (通勤) often “wastes” time when you could get more work done or do other things you enjoy more. Therefore, companies that allow remote work actually gain goodwill because they understand the value of freedom and flexibility. Healthier lifestyle habits More flexibility and reduced commuting mean people can find more time to exercise as well—even if it’s at home rather than at the gym. ____17____ And although restaurants have opened back up, those who discovered the joy of cooking will be likely to continue to make healthy, home-cooked meals for their family. More likely to improve the environment Shortly after the lockdown began in Wuhan, carbon emissions dropped around 25 percent and the result was visible from space. ____18____ However, seeing the possibilities may serve as motivation for better conservation of the planet. Stronger family connections During lockdown, families created bonds that are likely to remain strong. Since you’re home anyway, there’s no excuse not to have dinner together. Families are also returning to classic activities like movie nights and outdoor nature adventures. They give you opportunities to create a lot of openings for connection on a deeper and more meaningful level. ____19____ ____20____ This time of suffering and death brought a recognition that life is something to be cherished and not taken for granted. COVID has created a loss on so many levels that it has forced us to look deeply at what we have been doing daily and why it matters. This active seeking of insight and answers has caused many individuals to be grateful for what they have. A. More planning for future life. B. More appreciation and gratitude for life. C. This has been missing in many homes since smartphones entered the picture. D. This will forever change the workplace with offices taking a much smaller role. E. The improvement in air quality was obvious, but it was also, sadly, not lasting. F. The crisis has led people to focus on exercise and spend more time with family members. G. One survey showed the number of people who never work out decreased since the pandemic began. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了疫情后生活发生的几点变化。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Many businesses can in fact thrive with a remote workforce.”(许多生意事实上通过远程办公很兴旺)可知这里在谈远程办公的好处。D. This will forever change the workplace, with offices taking a much smaller role.(这改变了工作地点，使得办公室的作用不明显) 与上文承接自然，选项中的This指代的就是with a remote workforce(远程办公) 。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“ More flexibility and reduced commuting mean people can find more time to exercise as well—even if it’s at home rather than at the gym.” (更加灵活和减少通勤意味着人们有更多的时间锻炼，在家里而不是在体育馆) 可知人们有更多的时间锻炼。G. One survey showed the number of people who never work out decreased since the pandemic began. (一项调查表明自从疫情开始，从来不锻炼的人数在下降) 与上文承接自然，话题一致。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Shortly after the lockdown began in Wuhan, carbon emissions dropped around 25 percent and the result was visible from space.”(武汉封城不久，二氧化碳的含量就下降了25％，效果从太空可以看到) 可知这一段在讲空气质量的改善。E.The improvement in air quality was obvious, but it was also, sadly, not lasting. (空气质量的改善很明显，但是难过的是这不会持久) 与上文承接自然，话题一致。故选E。 【19题详解】 结合本段小标题和上文内容可知，这一段主要在讲封城期间，大家呆在家里，家庭成员之间关系更加亲密。C. This has been missing in many homes since smartphones entered the picture. (自从智能手机出现以来，这种关系在许多家庭就已经消失了) 与上文承接自然，选项中的This指代家庭成员之间更加亲密的关系。故选C。 【20题详解】 空格处在小标题的位置，根据小标题在结构上一致原则，考虑A和B项。根据下文的“This time of suffering and death brought a recognition that life is something to be cherished and not taken for granted.（这段痛苦和死亡的时光让人们认识到，生命是值得珍惜的，而不是理所当然的）”可知，这一段主要在讲疫情让我们重新认识生活，珍惜当下。B. More appreciation and gratitude for life. (对生活更加欣赏和感恩) 可以作为本段小标题。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This is a real story about an old man in China. Sixty-three-year-old Zhuang Guorong is a ___21___ rural (乡村的) primary school art teacher, who has had a life of ___22___ for more than 40 years. Every year, the strong, younger-than-his-actual-age pensioner (领养老金者) goes to “the farmers’ home” of Chenyang Community to paint or ___23___ other villagers how to ___24___. “The farmers’ home”, a public building, ___25___ the venue (聚集地点) for a branch of the Sheyang Farmers Painting Institute. The institute is a government ___26___ cultural organization in Sheyang County, in the north of Jiangsu Province, east China. Zhuang works at the ___27___ part time, and each year he ___28___ up to ten paintings, which are then bought by the local government. He makes around 5,000 yuan — that’s about 740 US dollars — a year by doing this ___29___. As well as earning himself some money, Zhuang says the job gives him an opportunity to express his views of life to his fellow countrymen, ____30____ the elderly. “This painting is about a nursing home. We now live in a(n) ____31____ society. We can no longer ____32____ the traditional way of taking care of our elderly just with our children doing it. ____33____, professional nursing homes are important for elderly people’s welfare.” “In this painting, I described a ____34____ of young people celebrating the birthday of a senior citizen. The message I want to convey is that life in one’s later years can still be happy. And all of my paintings are like this one — based on our ____35____ lives.” 21. A. smart B. famous C. strict D. retired 22. A. painting B. writing C. farming D. designing 23. A. ask B. teach C. examine D. answer 24. A. exercise B. communicate C. learn D. draw 25. A. belongs to B. looks like C. serves as D. stands for 26. A. decorated B. supported C. controlled D. reported 27. A. school B. office C. village D. institute 28. A. creates B. collects C. copies D. exhibits 29. A. test B. talking C. work D. research 30. A. especially B. similarly C. equally D. generally 31. A. free B. open C. ageing D. technological 32. A. ask for B. rely on C. think of D. turn down 33. A. However B. Instead C. Besides D. Therefore 34. A. dream B. story C. scene D. photo 35. A. real B. different C. normal D. sad 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一位名叫庄国荣的63岁退休的乡村小学美术教师，他在农民绘画机构兼职工作，通过自己的画向人们，尤其是老人表达自己的人生观。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：63岁的庄国荣是一位退休的乡村小学美术教师，有着40多年的绘画生涯。A. smart聪明的；B. famous著名的；C. strict严格的；D. retired已退休的。根据第二段中关键词“pensioner”可知，庄国荣是一个领养老金者，由此可知，他已经退休了，所以才开始领养老金。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：63岁的庄国荣是一位退休的乡村小学美术教师，有着40多年的绘画生涯。A. painting绘画；B. writing写作；C. farming务农；D. designing设计。根据上文关键词“art teacher”可知，庄国荣是一个美术老师，由此可知，他有着40多年的绘画生涯。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，这个强壮的，比实际年龄年轻的领养老金者去晨阳社区的“农民之家”画画或教其他村民画画。A. ask问；B. teach教；C. examine检查；D. answer回答。根据上文关键词“art teacher”可知，庄国荣是一个美术老师，由此可知，他是教其他村民画画。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，这个强壮的，比实际年龄年轻的领养老金者去晨阳社区的“农民之家”画画或教其他村民画画。A. exercise锻炼；B. communicate沟通；C. learn学习；D. draw画。根据上文关键词“art teacher”可知，庄国荣是一个美术老师，他擅长的是画画，由此可知，他是教其他村民画画。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“农民之家”是一座公共建筑，充当射阳农民绘画机构的一个分支点。A. belongs to属于；B. looks like看起来像；C. serves as充当；D. stands for代表。根据上文可知，庄国荣可以在“农民之家”教其他村民画画，由此可知，“农民之家”的作用是充当农民绘画机构的一个分支点，人们可以在这里画画。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个机构是中国东部江苏省北部射阳县的一个政府支持的文化组织。A. decorated装饰过的；B. supported支持的；C. controlled控制的；D. reported据报道的。根据后文关键词“bought by the local government”可知，庄国荣在这个机构创作的画都被政府买走了，由此可知，这个机构是一个政府支持的文化组织。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：庄在这个机构兼职工作，每年他创作多达十幅画，然后被当地政府购买。A. school学校；B. office办公室；C. village村庄；D. institute机构。根据上文可知，庄去“农民之家”画画或教其他村民画画，由此可知，他是在“农民之家”这个机构兼职工作。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：庄在这个机构兼职工作，每年他创作多达十幅画，然后被当地政府购买。A. creates创作；B. collects收集；C. copies复印；D. exhibits展览。结合上文内容和句中“bought by the local government”可知，庄是美术老师，所以他因该是创作了作品并被政府购买。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做这项工作一年挣大约5000元人民币，相当于大约740美元。A. test测验；B. talking谈话；C. work工作；D. research研究。根据上文“Zhuang works at the _____ part time”可知，庄在这里兼职工作，由此可知，是这项工作一年挣大约5000元人民币。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：庄说，这份工作除了给自己挣点钱外，还让他有机会向父老乡亲，特别是老人表达自己的人生观。A. especially特别；B. similarly相似地；C. equally平等地；D. generally一般地。根据下文“This painting is about a nursing home.”可知，庄的作品关注养老问题，由此可知，他是通过作品特别向老人表达了自己的人生观。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这幅画是关于疗养院的。我们现在生活在一个老龄化的社会。我们不能再依靠传统的照顾老人的方式，只靠我们的孩子照顾我们。因此，专业养老院对老年人的福利至关重要。A. free自由的；B. open开放的；C. ageing老化的，变老的；D. technological科技的。根据下文“professional nursing homes are important for elderly people’s welfare”和生活常识可知，我们现在生活在老龄化的社会，养老不能只依靠孩子，因此，才需要养老院来帮助老人养老。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这幅画是关于疗养院的。我们现在生活在一个老龄化的社会。我们不能再依靠传统的照顾老人的方式，只靠我们的孩子照顾我们。因此，专业养老院对老年人的福利至关重要。A. ask for请求；B. rely on依靠；C. think of想起；D. turn down拒绝。根据下文“professional nursing homes are important for elderly people’s welfare”可知，在老龄化的社会中，我们的养老需要借助养老院的力量，由此可知，我们不能再依靠传统的照顾老人的方式了。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这幅画是关于疗养院的。我们现在生活在一个老龄化的社会。我们不能再依靠传统的照顾老人的方式，只靠我们的孩子照顾我们。因此，专业养老院对老年人的福利至关重要。A. However然而；B. Instead反而；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。根据上下文逻辑关系可知，正是因为我们不能再依靠传统的照顾老人的方式，因此，专业养老院对老年人才至关重要。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这幅画里，我描述了一个年轻人为一位老人庆祝生日的情景。A. dream梦；B. story故事；C. scene情景；D. photo照片。根据句中“young people celebrating the birthday of a senior citizen”可知，这应该是画描述的一个情景，一个年轻人在为一位老人庆祝生日。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我所有画都是这样的——基于我们的真实生活。A. real真实的；B. different不同的；C. normal正常的；D. sad悲伤的。根据句中“young people celebrating the birthday of a senior citizen”可知，这是在描绘一个真实生活中会出现的情景，由此可知，庄的画都是基于真实的生活。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A recently released Chinese documentary featuring the Forbidden City’s cultural relics (遗迹) and their restorers’ lives is becoming ____36____ hit, with more than 2.4 million ____37____ (watch) it online. Called Master in Forbidden City, the documentary reveals the unsung life stories of restorers, together ____38____ the history of the antiques and the palace, the procedures of restoration and the development of cultural protection. The three-part documentary ____39____ (receive) impressive rating of 9.5/10 on Douban.com up to now, one of the ____40____ (big) film and TV review websites in China. Compared with movies and TV shows, a documentary ____41____ (focus) on history and culture rarely becomes so popular. ____42____ is more touching in the documentary is the craftsman (工匠) spirit in these restorers. Years of boring work requires not only skills, ____43____ faith and spirit as well. The pursuit of preciseness and perfection, devotion to work, strong patience... all these qualities are a vivid ____44____ (reflect) of “craftsman spirit”. This lifts and broadens the theme of the documentary. Master in Forbidden City _____45_____ (delicate) tells the stories of both modern individuals and historical cultural relics in a touching yet natural way. No doubt people love it so much. 【答案】36. a 37. watching 38. with 39. has received 40 biggest 41. focusing 42. What 43. but 44. reflection 45. delicately 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国纪录片《我在故宫修文物》的相关信息。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：最近发布的一部以故宫文物及其修复者的生活为题材的中国纪录片正在成为热门，超过240万人在网上观看。此处泛指“一个热门”，hit以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：最近发布的一部以故宫文物及其修复者的生活为题材的中国纪录片正在成为热门，超过240万人在网上观看。此处为“with +名词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）” with复合结构，more than 2.4 million与动词watch是主谓关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动，做宾补。故填watching。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：这部名为《我在故宫修文物》的纪录片揭示了修复者的无名氏生活故事，以及古董和故宫的历史、修复过程和文化保护的发展。固定搭配together with… (和……一起)，用介词with。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这部由三部分组成的纪录片在中国最大的影视评论网站豆瓣网获得了9.5/10的好评。此处缺乏谓语，由up to now可知时态用现在完成时，主语The three-part documentary是单数，谓语用单数形式。故填has received。 【40题详解】 考查最高级。句意：到目前为止，这部由三部分组成的纪录片在中国最大的影视评论网站豆瓣网获得了9.5/10的好评。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”，此处用形容词最高级形式。故填biggest。 41题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：与电影和电视节目相比，一部关注历史和文化的纪录片很少如此受欢迎。本句已有谓语becomes且无连词，动词focus用非谓语形式，逻辑主语a documentary与动词focus是主谓关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动，做名词短语a documentary的后置定语。故填focusing。 【42题详解】 考查主语从句连接词。句意：纪录片中更感人的是这些修复者身上的工匠精神。____7____ is more touching in the documentary是缺乏连接词的主语从句，从句缺乏主语，意为“……的东西”，用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：多年的枯燥工作不仅需要技能，还需要信念和精神。固定搭配not only…but (also)…(不但……而且……)，用连词but。故填but。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些品质都是“工匠精神”的生动体现。a vivid ____9____ (reflect) of “craftsman spirit”是名词所有格，结合不定冠词a可知，形容词vivid做定语，修饰单数名词reflection。故填reflection。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：《我在故宫修文物》以一种感人而又自然的方式，巧妙地讲述了现代人和历史文物的故事。此处用副词delicately作状语，修饰动词tells。故填delicately。 第四部分 基础知识运用（共2节，满分40分） 第一节 单句填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. When ________ (complete), the project will have the capacity to test electric power systems. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】completed 【解析】 【详解】考查省略句。句意：建成后，该项目将具备测试电力系统的能力。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是When it is completed，省略it is，空处需填过去分词。故填completed。 47. He made a smile, ________ (satisfy) with the result. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】satisfied 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他笑了笑，对结果感到很满意。空处需填形容词作状语，表示“人的感受”需用-ed结尾的形容词satisfied。故填satisfied。 48. Tom didn’t believe the news ________ he had failed the test. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：汤姆不相信他考试不及格的消息。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词news的内容，从句不缺成分，句意完整，应用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 49. He spoke slowly to make himself ______ (understand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】understood 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他慢慢地说，以使人理解他自己。动词make后接复合宾语，动词understand和宾语himself之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作补足语，make oneself understood是固定句式。故填understood。 50. Life in senior secondary school is very different from __________ in junior secondary school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：高中生活与初中生活有很大的不同。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填代词，代指上文中提到的“life”，根据语法规则，that作代词时，可以代指上文提到的同名不同物的不可数名词或单数名词，表示特指，所以应填that。故填that。 51. The government designed and built the green way system ________ (aim) at offering convenience and benefits to people and improving the city’s ecological environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】aimed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府设计并建造了绿色通道系统旨在为人们提供便利和福利，并改善城市的生态环境。句中已有谓语动词designed and built，空处应填非谓语动词形式，修饰the green way system，aim与the green way system是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词aimed作后置定语。故填aimed。 52. When we weren’t playing on the court ________ was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that##which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我们不在我们大楼旁边的球场上打球时，我们就在电视上看比赛。句中先行词为court ，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 53. The Bears, a team ______record this season had been perfect. （用适当的单词填空） 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：熊队，这支球队本赛季的战绩堪称完美。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是a team，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语,修饰名词record ，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 54. Paul knew that ________ (be) shorter than other players meant that he had to practice more. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保罗知道，比其他球员矮意味着他必须练习更多。空处作that引导的宾语从句的主语，需用动名词形式。故填being。 55. Don’t run too fast for the first hour, ________ you won’t have enough energy left for the rest of the race. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：不要在第一个小时跑得太快，否则你将没有足够的精力参加剩下的比赛。此处为固定句型“祈使句+and/or+简单句”，空处表示“否则”应用连词or连接。故填or。 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据所给首字母或中文意思写出符合句子内容的单词的正确形式。请在答卷写出完整单词！ 56. The man used to make a living by d________ milk from door to door. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】delivering##elivering 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个人过去以挨家挨户送牛奶为生。根据句意“递送”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词deliver，位于介词by后面，使用动名词作宾语。故填delivering。 57. The hiking trip may be a very r________ (有益的，有意义的) experience. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】rewarding##ewarding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这次徒步旅行可能是一次非常有益的经历。根据汉语提示“有益的，有意义的”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词rewarding，作定语，修饰名词experience。故填rewarding。 58. Soldiers were sent to watch over the city and m________ peace. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】maintain##aintain 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：士兵被派去守卫这座城市并维持和平。根据句意“维持”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词maintain，位于动词不定式符号to后面，需填动词原形。故填maintain。 59. They try to identify the exact l________ (位置) of the sunken ship so that they could get it out of water. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】location##ocation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们试图确定沉船的确切位置，以便把它从水里打捞出来。 “位置”作宾语，结合首字母提示，用可数名词location，这里特指某艘沉船的位置，用单数形式。故填location。 60. All the characters in the novel are i________ . They don’t exist in real life. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】imaginary##maginary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：小说中所有的人物都是虚构的。它们在现实生活中并不存在。根据句意“虚构的”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词imaginary，作表语。故填imaginary。 61. She disliked the loss of ________ (隐私) after becoming an Internet celebrity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】privacy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：成为网红后，她不喜欢失去隐私。根据汉语提示“隐私”，以及空前的“the loss of（……的失去）”可知，此处需填名词作宾语，“隐私”的名词形式为privacy，且 privacy 为不可数名词，故填 privacy。 62. The teacher showed the kids some pictures and examples, making the difficult theory more ________ (易懂的) to them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accessible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师给孩子们看了一些图片和例子，使他们更容易理解这个难懂的理论。根据汉语提示“易懂的”可知，此处为形容词accessible，作宾语补足语。故填accessible。 63. The volcanic e________ is a big disaster, claiming hundreds of lives. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】eruption##ruption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：火山爆发是巨大的灾难，夺走了数百人的生命。空白处在句子中做主语，使用名词。根据下文“is a big disaster, claiming hundreds of lives(是巨大的灾难，夺走了数百人的生命)”可推理出空白处应填表示“火山爆发”含义的名词，根据首字母提示，以字母e开头且表示“火山爆发”含义的名词为：eruption，根据空白处下文系动词be使用了is可判断主语使用单数，故填eruption。 64. The little girl was f________ (害怕) of walking home alone in the dark. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】frightened##rightened 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个小女孩害怕在黑暗中独自走回家。根据汉语提示“害怕”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词frightened，作表语，修饰人。故填frightened。 65. He was lucky to e________ being killed in the car crash. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】escape##scape 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他在车祸中幸免于难。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意和所给首字母，应是escape意为“逃脱”符合语境。故填escape。 第三节 完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 66. What journals have you ________________ (订阅) this year? (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】subscribed to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：今年你订阅了哪些期刊？根据汉语提示“订阅”可知，此处为动词短语subscribe to，结合助动词have可知，空处需填过去分词与have构成现在完成时。故填subscribed to。 67. He is an active environmentalist who ________________ (关心，关注) environmental protection. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is concerned with 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：他是一位积极的环保主义者，关心环境保护。根据汉语提示“关心，关注”可知，此处为介词短语be concerned with，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语who，指代environmentalist，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is concerned with。 68. Regular exercise can strengthen your body and fresh your mind. ________________ (除此以外), it can sharpen your focus and improve your mood. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】In addition to that/Aside from that/Apart from that/On top of that/In addition 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：经常锻炼可以增强你的身体，使你头脑清醒。此外，它可以提高你的注意力，改善你的情绪。根据汉语提示“除此以外”可知，此处为介词短语in addition to that/aside from that/apart from that/on top of that/in addition，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填In addition to that/Aside from that/Apart from that/On top of that/In addition。 69. Under great pressure, she was ________________ (在……的边缘，快要……) breaking down. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】on the edge of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在巨大的压力下，她快要崩溃了。根据汉语提示“在……的边缘”是介词短语on the edge of，作表语。故填on the edge of。 70. All the economic activities are held ________________ (基于……) quality and equality. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】on the basis of##based on 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语、非谓语动词。句意：所有的经济活动都是基于质量和平等而举办的。空白处在句子中做状语，根据汉语提示“基于……”，可知应填短语on the basis of 或 based on，使用过去分词是因为空白处与其逻辑主语All the economic activities之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以使用过去分词，故填 on the basis of/based on。 71. As a doctor, he has to ________________ (记录，追踪，了解) the latest development in medicine. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】keep track of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：作为一名医生，他必须了解医学的最新发展。根据汉语提示“记录，追踪，了解”可知，此处为动词短语keep track of，has to为情态动词，后面接动词原形。故填keep track of。 72. He drove off ________________ (朝……的方向) a supermarket. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in the direction of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：他开车朝一家超市的方向驶去。根据汉语提示“朝……的方向”可知，此处为介词短语in the direction of。故填in the direction of。 73. The car didn’t stop. Instead, it ran ________________ (以很快的速度，飞快地). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】at great speed 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：那辆车没有停下来。相反，它以很快的速度跑了。根据汉语提示“以很快的速度，飞快地”可知，空处应填介词短语at great speed，作状语，表示“飞快地”。故填at great speed。 74. The firefighters soon arrived to ________________ (扑灭，熄灭) the fire. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】put out 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：消防队员很快赶到扑灭了火。根据汉语提示“扑灭，熄灭”可知，此处为动词短语put out，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，空处需填动词原形。故填put out。 75. As he was busy with his work, he simply ________________ (简要地回应) my question. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】gave a brief response to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：因为他正忙于工作，他只是对我的问题简要地回应了一下。空处应填动词短语，在句中作谓语，结合汉语提示“简要地回应”是give a brief response to，由上文was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式gave。故填gave a brief response to。 第五部分 写作（满分20分，包括书写分5分） 76. 假定你是李华，你校组织的英语夏令营招聘志愿者，接待来营的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括： 1.应聘目的； 2.相关经验及口语能力； 3.祝愿夏令营圆满举办。 要求：1）字数100左右； 2）请在答题区域内作答，否则判无效。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Hua, a student of our school. Having learnt that our summer camp is recruiting some volunteers, I am writing to apply to be a member of them. Eager to present our foreign friends with profound Chinese culture, I have great interest in getting involved, which also helps broaden my horizons. Committed and flexible, I believe that I am qualified for the job. Firstly, it is my fluent and accurate spoken English that enables me to communicate with foreign students with confidence and attend to their need promptly. Moreover, as a secretary of the Students’ Union, I have a good command of management skills, allowing me to deal with urgent matters flexibly. It is my sincere hope that you can kindly accept my application and I wish the camp a great success. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。你校组织的英语夏令营招聘志愿者，接待来营的国外中学生。要求考生写信应聘志愿者。 【详解】1.词汇积累 自信地：with confidence→confidently 及时地：promptly→in time 此外：moreover→besides 精通：have a good commond of→be skillful at 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Moreover, as a secretary of the Students’ Union, I have a good command of management skills, allowing me to deal with urgent matters flexibly. 拓展句：Moreover, as a secretary of the Students’ Union, I have a good command of management skills, which allows me to deal with urgent matters flexibly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Eager to present our foreign friends with profound Chinese culture, I have great interest in getting involved, which also helps broaden my horizons.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Firstly, it is my fluent and accurate spoken English that enables me to communicate with foreign students with confidence and attend to their need promptly. (运用了强调句) 听力 A1. America/ USA/ US. (Where does Cathy come from?) A2. At 4 p. m. (When will they start making dumplings?) A3. The speaker moved to Shanghai from the US because of a job opportunity. (Why did the speaker move to Shanghai from the US?) A4. The best way to know a city is to slowly experience it. (What is the best way to know a city for the speaker?) A5. The speaker stayed in Shanghai for 2 years. (How long did the speaker stay in Shanghai?) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$