精品解析：山东省济宁市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

null 2024—2025学年度第一学期质量检测 高二英语试题 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman dislike cooking? A. She hates to do the cleaning. B. She can’t get good feedback. C. She needs to prepare the ingredients. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How did Lisa get to Baltimore? A. By bus. B. By train. C. By taxi. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man feel sorry? A. He failed his math exam. B. He made a mistake at work. C. He wasn’t able to help Jane. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What may the man do this afternoon? A. Take a music lesson. B. Go to a summer camp. C. Help Tina with piano. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A movie. B. A painting. C. A photograph. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Why does the woman refuse to send the man an example? A. It needs Mr. Taylor’s permission. B. She knows little about paper. C. The top-quality paper is sold out. 7. Where does the conversation take place? A. Over the phone. B. In a store. C. At Mr. Taylor’s house. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What do we know about Jason? A. He is over 16 years old. B. He is not sure of himself. C. He is good at game design. 9. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What did Jenny save the kid from? A. A car crash. B. A big fire. C. Drowning. 11. How much money has Jenny got as the winning prize? A. $50,000. B. $100,000. C. $200,000. 12. What might the woman be? A. A singer. B. An actress. C. A composer. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does the woman think of the movie? A. Terrible. B. Average. C. Good. 14. What can people get from a car boot sale? A. Discounted cars. B. Secondhand items. C. Outdoor trips. 15. What does Robert’s kid love most among the presents? A. A plastic train. B. A robot soldier. C. An old silver coin. 16. What will Robert do with the mini motorbike? A. Reproduce it. B. Repaint it. C. Sell it. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What caused Mary to do the experiments? A. A piece of news. B. A truck accident. C. Some project data. 18. Where did Mary do her experiments? A. At school. B. On the road. C. In a field. 19. Which sound frequency could send the deer away? A. 25,000 hertz. B. 20,000 hertz. C. 14,000 hertz. 20. What is the purpose of Mary’s experiments? A. To improve the hearing of the deer. B. To provide shelter for the deer. C. To protect the deer from danger. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A English Language Arts and Literature Classroom Policies Absences: Only absences due to illness or doctor’s appointments are excused. Absences for any other reason including travel or shadowing, etc., are unexcused. No extensions for assignments, homework, or tests will be given for unexcused absences. Assignments and Papers: Keep all assignments and papers in your binder (活页夹) and bring them to class each day. It is the responsibility of the student to turn in assignments on or before the due date. Please type all assignments as double-spaced, single-sided, with an 11 font size, and a proper paper heading and title unless otherwise instructed. If a student can’ t turn in an assignment on the day it is due because of a technology malfunction (computer crash, etc) then a written and signed note by a parent explaining the malfunction is required. Assignment Headings: All student-prepared papers are to have a proper heading. Missing the complete heading is subject to a 10% reduction. See below for a heading example: Full Name/ Class Date Title of Assignment Grading Policy: All assignments in this class reflect the academic grading policy for Woodside School. Grades for class are weighted in the following way: Essays 25%, Tests 25%, Projects 25%, Homework and Class Assignments 25%. Late Work: All late work will be subject to a reduction of at least 10% for each day the assignment is late. Late projects are reduced 20% for each late day. Late work is accepted for 5 days after the due date. Missed tests will need to be completed within one week of the original test date. 21. What is needed if a technology problem delays an assignment? A. A parent-signed note. B. A paper heading and title. C. A spoken explanation. D. A handwritten report. 22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. What will happen if you submit a project two days after the due date? A. You’ll receive a zero. B. You’ll get a 40% reduction. C. You’ll be given a test. D. You’ll have 5 days to do it. B Years ago when I was starting to explore the world in earnest — making my first trips to Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that looking at the world through a camera held back my ability to see what was really in front of me and to notice what mattered. I thought that trying to capture (捕获) good pictures took me out of the moment and made me conscious of constructing an image rather than absorbing what I was experiencing. I’ve since changed my mind about that. Today I take plenty of photos, not just on my travels but in the everyday life — when I notice an interesting mushroom while walking the dog, or watch the cloud formations before a storm. I understand now that taking pictures can be a way to stop and make better sense of the world around us. That’s one important outcome of the work that our phenomenal photographers do for National Geographic. And it’s why I’m so pleased that we have devoted this month’s magazine to immersing you in that work. Of course, these professionals have a much different relationship with photography than I do. Their work is creatively, intellectually, and logistically challenging in ways that most of us hobbyist photographers can hardly imagine. For them, it is an art and a science that they’ve perfected — a way to stop us in our tracks and make us pay attention to a story that needs to be told. At their best, photographers reveal what isn’t readily seen. In addition to impressive photos, we’re letting you hear directly from a handful of our photographers, who share stories that take you deeper into some of their most interesting projects. You’ll learn the extreme lengths to which our contributors have gone to capture some of these shots, and get a closer look at the equipment that makes it all possible. I hope you enjoy the issue. 24. What was the author’s initial belief about taking photographs? A. It kept him from fully enjoying the present. B. It greatly enhanced his travel experiences. C. It helped record unforgettable memories. D. It indicated his reliance on the camera. 25. What is a key ability of professional photographers according to the author? A Simplifying complex processes. B. Imagining touching stories. C. Documenting events accurately. D. Presenting unnoticed scenes. 26. What does the magazine offer besides photos? A. A contribution for photographers. B. A behind-the-scenes look. C. Photographer training projects. D. Publishers’ firsthand stories. 27. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Earth’s Artworks. B. Around the World. C. Reader’s Letter. D. From the Editor. C Imagine sitting in a dark movie theater wondering just how much soda is left in your oversized cup. Rather than pulling off the cap and looking, you pick up and shake the cup a bit to hear how much ice is inside, giving you a decent indication of if you’ll need to get a free refill. Setting the drink back down, you wonder absent-mindedly if the armrest is made of real wood. After giving it a few knocks and hearing an empty sound, you decide it must be made from plastic. This ability to interpret the world through sound vibrations (振动) coming from an object is what researchers are just about to give to robots to boost their rapidly growing set of sensing abilities Set to be published at the Conference on Robot Learning in Munich, Germany, new research from Duke University details a system entitled SonicSense that allows robots to interact with their surroundings in ways previously limited to humans. SonicSense features a robotic hand with four fingers, each equipped with a contact microphone placed in the fingertip. These sensors detect and record vibrations generated when the robot grasps or shakes an object. While SonicSense is not the first attempt to use this approach, it goes further and performs better than previous work by using touch-based microphones that tune out noise and advanced AI techniques. Based on the interactions and detected signals, SonicSense extracts frequency features and uses its previous knowledge, paired with AI, to figure out what material the object is made out of. If it’s an object the system has never seen before, it might take 20 different interactions for the system to come to a conclusion. But if it’s an object already in its database, it can correctly identify it in as little as four. SonicSense gives robots a new way to hear and feel, much like humans, which can transform how current robots perceive and interact with objects. While vision is essential, sound adds layers of information that can reveal things the eye might miss. 28. What does the author stress in the first paragraph? A. How people perceive the environment. B. When moviegoers make rough estimates. C. What function vision performs in darkness. D. Whether people should trust initial judgments. 29. How does SonicSense make robots different? A. It generates hand movements by vibration. B. It enables robots to interact with humans. C. It employs sound to interpret the world. D. It integrates diverse visual feedback. 30. Which of the following best describes SonicSense’s object recognition? A. Safety-centered. B. Multi-tasked. C. Adaptable. D. Sustainable. 31. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Technology Equips Robots with Better Vision B Listening Skills Give Robots Human-like Touch C. Eyes on SonicSense: the Customizable Wonder D. Sounds Great: Robots with an Expressive Voice D At first glance, a dead tree might seem to be little more than an empty, fading log. But look closer. From crawling ants to nesting bats, a whole community of creatures has settled in, their very survival often dependent on the tree’ s death. Dead trees are now becoming a major point of forest management. Recent decades have brought greater understanding of the vital function dead trees serve in supporting biodiversity and forest regeneration — and, with it, a growing movement to preserve them. The death of a tree is hardly the end. Instead, a rapid transformation begins, bringing new dynamism into the lifeless branches. Upon its death, the tree’ s tightly closed plumbing(管道系统), previously used to transport nutrients and water, becomes empty and permeable(可渗透的). These emptied-out structures, still standing upright, are also known as snags or wildlife trees. Because of their uprightness, snags can host a high diversity of species that varies from top to bottom. Fallen trees — often called logs — are also valuable habitats, though for a different group of smaller-scale species. From a climate perspective, letting trees putrefy is critical. Large trees in particular act as significant carbon sinks, and allowing them to decompose naturally extends the carbon storage process, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide — and, thus, heat — in the atmosphere. Whenever possible, forestry experts prefer to leave dead trees untouched. “In forested areas, we would typically recommend that standing trees be left that way,” says Kevin Rohling, a specialist in forest ecology. This advice marks a change of tune from previous generations when uncontrolled logging and forest clearing were common practice. Is there any benefit to keeping a dead tree in your backyard? The answer is not a one-size-fits-all guidance. For personal properties, it’s a little bit more complex. Trees infected by diseases like sudden oak death, for instance, can appear healthy despite growing progressively drier and structurally unsound. For people who live in wildfire-prone territory, such as the wildland urban interface, keeping a dead tree within your property — unless your property is very large — really represents a big risk. 32. Why are dead trees a focus in forest management? A. They are effortlessly removable. B. They may upset biodiversity. C. They are regarded as landmarks. D. They help maintain forest life. 33. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Factors leading to a tree’s death. B. The afterlife of a dead tree. C. Habitats for endangered species. D. The process of species change. 34. What does the underlined word “putrefy” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Break down. B. Root around. C. Grow stronger. D. Keep alive. 35. How should people handle dead trees according to the text? A. Preserve them wholeheartedly. B. Remove them without delay. C. Treat them based on conditions. D. Recycle them to the fullest. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A 30-year observational study at the University of South Carolina found that swimmers had about half the risk of death from any cause compared to participants who were runners or walkers. Notably the advantage applies broadly, as you don’t have to do butterfly or freestyle to get the benefit. ___36___ Here are the many advantages of water fitness. Water’s buoyancy (浮力) minimizes the effects of gravity, meaning it’s gentle on joints. This makes exercising in water an excellent choice for people with the pain on joints. ___37___ Moreover, exercising in water can minimize the stress on ankles, potentially lowering the injury rate. ___38___ One Australian study compared water sports with several other kinds of exercise, including jogging and cycling, and found that only water sports helped people prevent falls. While you don’t feel as hot and sweaty in the water as you do when you work out on land, works in water still raise your metabolic (新陈代谢) rate, burn calories and help with weight loss. Besides, activities in water engage most of the body’s major muscle groups, including those in the legs, upper body and core. ___39___ Bathing yourself in water just feels good, sometimes bringing up happy summer memories from childhood. Like all aerobic exercises, swimming, pool walking and other kinds of water aerobics release the feel-good hormones (荷尔蒙) called endorphins in your brain. ___40___ In conclusion, working out in water, all or partially, has multiple benefits for the mind and the body and can be done by almost anyone of any age at any fitness level! A. Water-based activities helps improve balance. B. It is also an ideal option for those wanting to prevent it. C. They perfectly combine stretching and strength training. D. Swimming has the same effects as other forms of exercises. E. The extra boost of these chemicals helps fight anxiety, depression and stress. F. Pool walking and water workouts with weights are also great ways to get in shape. G. Water-related exercises get your heart pumping without much stress on the body. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Williams and Smith spend the weeks leading up to Christmas crossing the country. They visit all 50 states, making house calls to kids who are ___41___. The pair arrive with plenty of toys, and in costume, both of which ___42___ the young recipients. Though Williams has been spreading joy this way for years, the drive to do it ___43___ a joyless event. In 2009, he lost his mother to cancer and fell into a five-year depression. But he dug himself out by ___44___ his mother’s memory through charitable acts. Williams ___45___ his nonprofit, Future SuperHero, in 2018．His goal is to bring ___46___ to children with health challenges, including those who ___47___ life-threatening conditions. “He was the first person to put a smile on Aron’s face,” says Katrina, whose son suffered from cancer. Along the gift-giving journey, they stock up on (备货) some toys, funded by the ___48___ that come from the Future SuperHero website, which is also where people ___49___ families for the pair to visit. But they often use Williams’s own ____50____ as well to purchase gifts. More importantly, they spend time with the family. The parents seem more ____51____ than the kids sometimes. The pair say they want to make sure families facing ____52____ battles never feel alone. It’s what keeps them going, even when they ____53____ get any sleep in the process. “I don’t ____54____ to get paid to do this,” Williams adds. “It’ s just ____55____ me for losing my mother, just keeping her name alive by doing this.” 41. A. polite B. energetic C. sick D. honest 42. A. confuse B. scare C. calm D. delight 43. A. brought about B. came from C. turned out D. make up 44. A. ignoring B. honoring C. appreciating D. delivering 45. A. launched B. downsized C. quit D. chose 46. A. wellness B. fortune C. snacks D. smiles 47. A. fight B. accept C. push D. set 48. A. demands B. comments C. donations D. researches 49. A. propose B. instruct C. motivate D. track 50. A. wisdom B. reputation C. materials D. savings 51. A. patient B. nervous C. excited D. disappointed 52. A. final B. spiritual C. competitive D. tough 53. A. merely B. barely C. actually D. almost 54. A. refuse B. stop C. expect D. pretend 55. A. comforting B. reminding C. forgiving D. blaming 第二节 （共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 根据所给单词的汉语提示或首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。 56. ______ (领养) a pet from a shelter can be a life-changing experience. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 57. A balanced diet can help your body ______ (消耗) energy more efficiently. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 58. The method of combining ______ (理论) with practice is further strengthened. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 59. Technological creativity and ______ (创新) have changed the way we communicate. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 60. The NBA, short for National Basketball ______ (联盟), engages in various international initiatives to promote basketball. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 61. Summer rain is typically a______ by thunder and lightning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 62. As a c______ of their devotion, they achieved great success. （根据首字母单词拼写） 63. He is o______ and always spots the positive aspect of every situation. (根据首字母单词拼写) 64. The two flowers are so identical that many people can’t d______ them easily. （根据首字母单词拼写） 65. When Tom heard the frightening sound, he f______ on the spot without moving any farther. （根据首字母单词拼写） 第三节 （共5小题；每题1分，满分5分） 阅读下列各句，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 66. Students’ overall development is ________ the key to better education lies. (用适当的词填空) 67. The device through ______ we can control our home appliances remotely is quiet convenient. （用适当的词填空） 68. In ______ (compare)with western cuisine, I prefer traditional Chinese cooking. （所给词的适当形式填空） 69. By the time he was a teenager, he________ (enjoy) a reputation as a wonderful young musician. （所给词适当形式填空） 70. The remarkable landmark ______ (catch) my eye is Guangfu River Bridge with a total length of 1,831 meters. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你校下周将迎来校园科技文化周。请你为校英文报写一篇题为“科技改变学校生活”的文章，内容包括： （1）科技的实际运用； （2）你的感受。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Science and Technology Changes School Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完成的短文。 “Hey, Isaac!” Dayna said. “Feeling ready for this year’ s baking (烘焙)competition?” I smiled. “Do I look worried?” Dayna laughed. “You should be.” You’d never know that Dayna and I are best friends. Cupcakes turn us into fierce competitors. We hurried into the kitchen at the Kids’ Baking Club, where we take baking classes every Saturday. Today was the day we’d been working toward— the annual kids’ baking competition. Family and friends crowded into a makeshift seating area. I set up my station with the key ingredients I had brought from home. Mrs. Cooper from Cathy’s Cupcake addressed the crowd. “Good morning, and welcome to our annual kids’ baking competition. We have eight bakers, including last year’s champion, Dayna DeAngelo.” Dayna waved like a celebrity as the crowd applauded. I planned to take down Dayna, the cupcake queen. “Let’ s get this party started,” Mrs. Cooper said. Dayna bounced on her toes. I shook out my hands. Measuring spoons pinged against bowls. Clouds of flour settled on the table. Mixers whirred(发出嗡嗡声). As expected, time moved at a breathtaking pace. My lemon cupcakes were well underway. I tasted my creation. Mmm. Amazing! Then I glanced over to see how Dayna was doing. Where was she? Suddenly, her head emerged from under the table. She had dropped a dozen eggs! I turned off my mixer and rushed over to her station. “Get your ingredients into the bowl. I’ll deal with this!” I said. “Thanks, Isaac,” she whispered. “You rock.” Hurriedly, I grabbed paper towels to clean up, praying my good deed wouldn’t cost me the round. A few minutes later, everyone including Dayna was baking. The crowd cheered us on. The judges mmm-ed and ahh-ed over each contestant’ s work. Then we waited in another room anxiously as they discussed. Soon, Mrs. Cooper announced, “Dayna and Isaac are moving on to the final round: standard cupcakes.” In the final round, I got right into my zone. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But I quickly realized I hadn’t packed the candies used for decorating. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later, Mrs. Cooper announced, “The winner is ... Isaac!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第一学期质量检测 高二英语试题 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman dislike cooking? A. She hates to do the cleaning. B. She can’t get good feedback. C. She needs to prepare the ingredients. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I really enjoy creating a meal from various ingredients and watching my friends enjoy it. It gives me a real sense of satisfaction. Do you enjoy cooking? W: No, I don’t. Cleaning up after dinner is no fun. For me, the terrible consequence of making a home-cooked meal is the mess — having to clean the pots, the pans, the counters, etc. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How did Lisa get to Baltimore? A. By bus. B. By train. C. By taxi. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Welcome to Baltimore! Lisa, I’ll bet you slept well after that long bus ride from Charlotte. W: Actually, I didn’t take the long-distance bus. I had a nice, relaxing train ride. Then I took a taxi to my hotel. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man feel sorry? A. He failed his math exam. B. He made a mistake at work. C. He wasn’t able to help Jane. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Sorry I wasn’t there to give you any assistance with the preparation for the math test, Jane. I was up to my neck in work. W: It’s OK, Dad. I understand. I did pretty well anyway. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What may the man do this afternoon? A. Take a music lesson. B. Go to a summer camp. C. Help Tina with piano. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Mom, could you do me a favor to turn off the music? W: Why? M: It’s the first day after my harsh summer camp. I won’t get up till Tina calls me to give her piano instructions this afternoon. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A movie. B. A painting. C. A photograph. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Look at this. A young woman was surrounded by pumpkins. M: Um... Her face is so realistic. I almost thought it was a photograph. W: Well, the colors used are bright, creating a sense of energy and pleasure. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Why does the woman refuse to send the man an example? A. It needs Mr. Taylor’s permission. B. She knows little about paper. C. The top-quality paper is sold out. 7. Where does the conversation take place? A. Over the phone. B. In a store. C. At Mr. Taylor’s house. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, this is Artist Supplies, how can I help you? M: Hello, do you have any good quality art paper? W: I guess we have. M: OK, I need top-quality paper for the project I’m doing. Can you send me an example? W: I’m sorry, sir. I’m a friend of the owner and I come to keep an eye on the store just for the morning. I don’t really know much about different types of paper. What I can do is wait for Mr. Taylor, the shop owner, to arrive and ask him to call you back. He knows about paint, brushes... everything. M: OK. Thank you. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What do we know about Jason? A. He is over 16 years old. B. He is not sure of himself. C. He is good at game design. 9. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends. 【答案】8. B 9. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Jason, will you join the competition for young video game designers? M: Are you serious? I don’t know if I’m really up to it. W: It’s for 11-to-16-year-olds, so it should be your sort of thing. Don’t you think? M: It’s more a question of whether I’ve got what it takes really. W: You’re good at playing video games. M: But it’s really a different thing to design a video game. W: Well, sweetie, I think you should have a try. Your teachers always say you’re smart. I have signed you up for the contest because your father and I have confidence in you. M: Thanks. I’ll try my best. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What did Jenny save the kid from? A. A car crash. B. A big fire. C. Drowning. 11. How much money has Jenny got as the winning prize? A. $50,000. B. $100,000. C. $200,000. 12. What might the woman be? A. A singer. B. An actress. C. A composer. 【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Did you watch the 6:30 news on Channel 5 last night? M: No. Any big news? W: Not exactly. It’s just that Jenny was on the news. M: Oh, was it because of her saving that kid from the fire? W: You must be mistaken. Actually she saved the kid who slipped and fell into the water. Anyway, no, it’s because she won a music contest. Do you know what prize she’s got? M: $100,000? W: Half that, and also a journey to Europe to give several concerts. Finally the songs I wrote for her could be heard by millions of people. M: That’s great. I love your songs. It’s so good that your talent could get recognition by the world after so many years. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does the woman think of the movie? A. Terrible. B. Average. C. Good. 14. What can people get from a car boot sale? A. Discounted cars. B. Secondhand items. C. Outdoor trips. 15. What does Robert’s kid love most among the presents? A. A plastic train. B. A robot soldier. C. An old silver coin. 16. What will Robert do with the mini motorbike? A. Reproduce it. B. Repaint it. C. Sell it. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Robert, the movie Justice League was way worse than I had expected. You were lucky that you didn’t go to the cinema with us. Where did you go last weekend anyway? M: I went to a car boot sale near my home. W: A what? M: A car boot sale. It’s an outdoor sale at which people sell things from the trunks of their cars. There were lots of sellers getting rid of unwanted Christmas presents. W: I see. So did you manage to pick up any bargains? M: Plenty. I got presents for my kid, like wooden planes, plastic trains, robot soldiers, etc. He especially likes an old silver English coin I got for him. He thinks it’s full of history. W: Did you get yourself something nice? M: Of course. I got myself a real cool mini motorbike which was produced in the 1960s. The former owner had kept it in a very good condition. The engine is still very powerful. All I need to do is paint it with a new color. W: Good for you. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What caused Mary to do the experiments? A. A piece of news. B. A truck accident. C. Some project data. 18. Where did Mary do her experiments? A. At school. B. On the road. C. In a field. 19. Which sound frequency could send the deer away? A. 25,000 hertz. B. 20,000 hertz. C. 14,000 hertz. 20. What is the purpose of Mary’s experiments? A. To improve the hearing of the deer. B. To provide shelter for the deer. C. To protect the deer from danger. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Here is a piece of news for deer lovers. Mary is an 18-year-old senior at Nixon High School, who worked out a noise to drive the deer away. A deer jumped into the road and hit her uncle’s truck. The accident inspired her to look for a deer-defensive measure. According to the data from a science project, deer and humans hear the world differently. People sense sounds in the range of 20 to 20,000 hertz. Deer live life a little higher. They can hear between about 250 and 30,000 hertz. That means deer can hear sounds well above what people can sense. For her experiments, Mary found a clearing, a small field where she set up a speaker and a remote control. When it sent out a 14,000 hertz sound, it didn’t send the deer to run away. She increased the sound gradually, and when the speaker broadcast 25,000 hertz, the deer just walked away. The teen expects her warning “whistle” to be broadcast from speakers along the sides of a highway. These will warn the deer to stay away — even when there is no car in sight. “It’s like a spotlight for animals,” she says. That way it may keep deer off the road. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A English Language Arts and Literature Classroom Policies Absences: Only absences due to illness or doctor’s appointments are excused. Absences for any other reason including travel or shadowing, etc., are unexcused. No extensions for assignments, homework, or tests will be given for unexcused absences. Assignments and Papers: Keep all assignments and papers in your binder (活页夹) and bring them to class each day. It is the responsibility of the student to turn in assignments on or before the due date. Please type all assignments as double-spaced, single-sided, with an 11 font size, and a proper paper heading and title unless otherwise instructed. If a student can’ t turn in an assignment on the day it is due because of a technology malfunction (computer crash, etc) then a written and signed note by a parent explaining the malfunction is required. Assignment Headings: All student-prepared papers are to have a proper heading. Missing the complete heading is subject to a 10% reduction. See below for a heading example: Full Name/ Class Date Title of Assignment Grading Policy: All assignments in this class reflect the academic grading policy for Woodside School. Grades for class are weighted in the following way: Essays 25%, Tests 25%, Projects 25%, Homework and Class Assignments 25%. Late Work: All late work will be subject to a reduction of at least 10% for each day the assignment is late. Late projects are reduced 20% for each late day. Late work is accepted for 5 days after the due date. Missed tests will need to be completed within one week of the original test date. 21. What is needed if a technology problem delays an assignment? A. A parent-signed note. B. A paper heading and title. C. A spoken explanation. D. A handwritten report. 22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. What will happen if you submit a project two days after the due date? A. You’ll receive a zero. B. You’ll get a 40% reduction. C. You’ll be given a test. D. You’ll have 5 days to do it. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了英语语言艺术与文学课堂的规章制度。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“If a student can’ t turn in an assignment on the day it is due because of a technology malfunction (computer crash, etc) then a written and signed note by a parent explaining the malfunction is required. (如果学生因技术故障（如电脑崩溃等）无法在截止日期当天提交作业，则需要家长提供一份书面说明并签字，解释故障情况。)”可知，如果技术问题延误了任务，需要家长签署的便条。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Grades for class are weighted in the following way: Essays 25%, Tests 25%, Projects 25%, Homework and Class Assignments 25%. (课程成绩的权重分配如下：论文25%，测试25%，项目25%，家庭作业和课堂作业25%。)”可知，学生的最终成绩由四部分组成。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Late projects are reduced 20% for each late day. (迟交的项目每天将被扣除20%的分数。)”可知，晚交的项目每天减少20%。因此，如果你在截止日期后两天提交项目，你的分数将减少40%。故选B。 B Years ago when I was starting to explore the world in earnest — making my first trips to Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that looking at the world through a camera held back my ability to see what was really in front of me and to notice what mattered. I thought that trying to capture (捕获) good pictures took me out of the moment and made me conscious of constructing an image rather than absorbing what I was experiencing. I’ve since changed my mind about that. Today I take plenty of photos, not just on my travels but in the everyday life — when I notice an interesting mushroom while walking the dog, or watch the cloud formations before a storm. I understand now that taking pictures can be a way to stop and make better sense of the world around us. That’s one important outcome of the work that our phenomenal photographers do for National Geographic. And it’s why I’m so pleased that we have devoted this month’s magazine to immersing you in that work. Of course, these professionals have a much different relationship with photography than I do. Their work is creatively, intellectually, and logistically challenging in ways that most of us hobbyist photographers can hardly imagine. For them, it is an art and a science that they’ve perfected — a way to stop us in our tracks and make us pay attention to a story that needs to be told. At their best, photographers reveal what isn’t readily seen. In addition to impressive photos, we’re letting you hear directly from a handful of our photographers, who share stories that take you deeper into some of their most interesting projects. You’ll learn the extreme lengths to which our contributors have gone to capture some of these shots, and get a closer look at the equipment that makes it all possible. I hope you enjoy the issue. 24. What was the author’s initial belief about taking photographs? A. It kept him from fully enjoying the present. B. It greatly enhanced his travel experiences. C. It helped record unforgettable memories. D. It indicated his reliance on the camera. 25. What is a key ability of professional photographers according to the author? A. Simplifying complex processes. B. Imagining touching stories. C. Documenting events accurately. D. Presenting unnoticed scenes. 26. What does the magazine offer besides photos? A. A contribution for photographers. B. A behind-the-scenes look. C. Photographer training projects. D. Publishers’ firsthand stories. 27. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Earth’s Artworks. B. Around the World. C. Reader’s Letter. D. From the Editor. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对于拍照的态度转变以及摄影师的工作成果。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Years ago when I was starting to explore the world in earnest — making my first trips to Africa and Asia and the Arctic — I believed that looking at the world through a camera held back my ability to see what was really in front of me and to notice what mattered. I thought that trying to capture (捕获) good pictures took me out of the moment and made me conscious of constructing an image rather than absorbing what I was experiencing. (多年前，当我开始认真地探索这个世界——首次踏上非洲、亚洲和北极的旅程时——我认为，透过相机镜头看世界会阻碍我真正看到眼前的一切，让我错过那些真正重要的事情。我觉得，试图拍出好照片会让我无法沉浸于当下，让我一门心思地构造画面，而不是去体会我正在经历的一切。)”可知，作者最初认为拍照会阻碍自己真正看到眼前的东西，注意到重要的事情，让自己无法专注于正在经历的事情，而是专注于构图。因此，作者最初认为拍照会让自己无法充分享受当下。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“At their best, photographers reveal what isn’t readily seen. (在他们状态最佳时，摄影师们能揭示那些不易察觉的东西。)”可知，作者认为摄影师的关键能力是展现那些不易被察觉的东西。故选D。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“In addition to impressive photos, we’re letting you hear directly from a handful of our photographers, who share stories that take you deeper into some of their most interesting projects. (除了令人印象深刻的照片，我们还让大家直接听到我们几位摄影师的声音，他们分享的故事将带你深入了解他们一些最有趣的项目。)”可知，杂志还会提供幕后花絮。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“I hope you enjoy the issue. (我希望你会喜欢这一期杂志。)”可知，作者希望读者喜欢本期杂志，可推知本文是编辑写给读者的话，可能出现在杂志的“From the Editor (来自编辑)”一栏。故选D。 C Imagine sitting in a dark movie theater wondering just how much soda is left in your oversized cup. Rather than pulling off the cap and looking, you pick up and shake the cup a bit to hear how much ice is inside, giving you a decent indication of if you’ll need to get a free refill. Setting the drink back down, you wonder absent-mindedly if the armrest is made of real wood. After giving it a few knocks and hearing an empty sound, you decide it must be made from plastic. This ability to interpret the world through sound vibrations (振动) coming from an object is what researchers are just about to give to robots to boost their rapidly growing set of sensing abilities. Set to be published at the Conference on Robot Learning in Munich, Germany, new research from Duke University details a system entitled SonicSense that allows robots to interact with their surroundings in ways previously limited to humans. SonicSense features a robotic hand with four fingers, each equipped with a contact microphone placed in the fingertip. These sensors detect and record vibrations generated when the robot grasps or shakes an object. While SonicSense is not the first attempt to use this approach, it goes further and performs better than previous work by using touch-based microphones that tune out noise and advanced AI techniques. Based on the interactions and detected signals, SonicSense extracts frequency features and uses its previous knowledge, paired with AI, to figure out what material the object is made out of. If it’s an object the system has never seen before, it might take 20 different interactions for the system to come to a conclusion. But if it’s an object already in its database, it can correctly identify it in as little as four. SonicSense gives robots a new way to hear and feel, much like humans, which can transform how current robots perceive and interact with objects. While vision is essential, sound adds layers of information that can reveal things the eye might miss. 28. What does the author stress in the first paragraph? A. How people perceive the environment. B. When moviegoers make rough estimates. C. What function vision performs in darkness. D. Whether people should trust initial judgments. 29. How does SonicSense make robots different? A. It generates hand movements by vibration. B. It enables robots to interact with humans. C. It employs sound to interpret the world. D. It integrates diverse visual feedback. 30. Which of the following best describes SonicSense’s object recognition? A. Safety-centered. B. Multi-tasked. C. Adaptable. D. Sustainable. 31. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Technology Equips Robots with Better Vision B. Listening Skills Give Robots Human-like Touch C. Eyes on SonicSense: the Customizable Wonder D. Sounds Great: Robots with an Expressive Voice 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了SonicSense系统让机器人通过声音感知世界。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Imagine sitting in a dark movie theater wondering just how much soda is left in your oversized cup. Rather than pulling off the cap and looking, you pick up and shake the cup a bit to hear how much ice is inside, giving you a decent indication of if you’ll need to get a free refill. Setting the drink back down, you wonder absent-mindedly if the armrest is made of real wood. After giving it a few knocks and hearing an empty sound, you decide it must be made from plastic. (想象一下，你坐在黑暗的电影院里，好奇自己那个超大杯的可乐里还剩下多少。与其拧开盖子查看，你不如拿起杯子轻轻摇晃一下，听听里面的冰块声音，以此来大致判断是否需要去免费续杯。把饮料放回原位后，你漫不经心地想着扶手是不是真木头做的。轻敲了几下，听到空洞的声音后，你断定它一定是塑料做的)”可知，第一段主要描述了人们在黑暗的电影院里通过摇晃杯子听里面冰块的声音来判断汽水还剩多少，以及通过敲击扶手听声音来判断扶手材质的例子。这些例子旨在说明人们是如何通过声音来感知周围环境的，即人们如何感知环境。故选A。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“This ability to interpret the world through sound vibrations (振动) coming from an object is what researchers are just about to give to robots to boost their rapidly growing set of sensing abilities. (研究人员正计划赋予机器人通过物体发出的声音振动来解读世界的能力，以增强它们日益增长的感知能力)”以及第四段 “SonicSense features a robotic hand with four fingers, each equipped with a contact microphone placed in the fingertip. These sensors detect and record vibrations generated when the robot grasps or shakes an object. (SonicSense的特点是配备了一只具有四个手指的机器人手，每个指尖都装有接触式麦克风。这些传感器能够检测和记录机器人抓取或摇晃物体时产生的振动)”可知，SonicSense让机器人能够通过声音振动来感知和理解周围世界，即它用声音来解释世界，这是它使机器人与众不同的地方。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第五段中“If it’s an object the system has never seen before, it might take 20 different interactions for the system to come to a conclusion. But if it’s an object already in its database, it can correctly identify it in as little as four. (如果是系统从未见过的物体，系统可能需要20次不同的交互才能得出结论。但如果物体已经在它的数据库中，它可能只需四次就能正确识别)”可知，SonicSense的对象识别具有适应性。故选C。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“This ability to interpret the world through sound vibrations (振动) coming from an object is what researchers are just about to give to robots to boost their rapidly growing set of sensing abilities. (研究人员正计划赋予机器人通过物体发出的声音振动来解读世界的能力，以增强它们日益增长的感知能力)”和最后一段中“SonicSense gives robots a new way to hear and feel, much like humans, which can transform how current robots perceive and interact with objects. (SonicSense为机器人提供了一种新的听觉和触觉方式，与人类颇为相似，这可以改变当前机器人感知和与物体交互的方式)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员赋予机器人通过声音振动解释世界的能力，使机器人拥有像人类一样的听觉和触觉，这可以改变当前机器人感知和与物体互动的方式。因此，B选项“Listening Skills Give Robots Human-like Touch (倾听技能赋予机器人人类般的触觉)”可以作为文章最佳标题。故选B。 D At first glance, a dead tree might seem to be little more than an empty, fading log. But look closer. From crawling ants to nesting bats, a whole community of creatures has settled in, their very survival often dependent on the tree’ s death. Dead trees are now becoming a major point of forest management. Recent decades have brought greater understanding of the vital function dead trees serve in supporting biodiversity and forest regeneration — and, with it, a growing movement to preserve them. The death of a tree is hardly the end. Instead, a rapid transformation begins, bringing new dynamism into the lifeless branches. Upon its death, the tree’ s tightly closed plumbing(管道系统), previously used to transport nutrients and water, becomes empty and permeable(可渗透的). These emptied-out structures, still standing upright, are also known as snags or wildlife trees. Because of their uprightness, snags can host a high diversity of species that varies from top to bottom. Fallen trees — often called logs — are also valuable habitats, though for a different group of smaller-scale species. From a climate perspective, letting trees putrefy is critical. Large trees in particular act as significant carbon sinks, and allowing them to decompose naturally extends the carbon storage process, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide — and, thus, heat — in the atmosphere. Whenever possible, forestry experts prefer to leave dead trees untouched. “In forested areas, we would typically recommend that standing trees be left that way,” says Kevin Rohling, a specialist in forest ecology. This advice marks a change of tune from previous generations when uncontrolled logging and forest clearing were common practice. Is there any benefit to keeping a dead tree in your backyard? The answer is not a one-size-fits-all guidance. For personal properties, it’s a little bit more complex. Trees infected by diseases like sudden oak death, for instance, can appear healthy despite growing progressively drier and structurally unsound. For people who live in wildfire-prone territory, such as the wildland urban interface, keeping a dead tree within your property — unless your property is very large — really represents a big risk. 32. Why are dead trees a focus in forest management? A. They are effortlessly removable. B. They may upset biodiversity. C. They are regarded as landmarks. D. They help maintain forest life. 33. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Factors leading to a tree’s death. B. The afterlife of a dead tree. C. Habitats for endangered species. D. The process of species change. 34. What does the underlined word “putrefy” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Break down. B. Root around. C. Grow stronger. D. Keep alive. 35. How should people handle dead trees according to the text? A. Preserve them wholeheartedly. B. Remove them without delay. C. Treat them based on conditions. D. Recycle them to the fullest. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了死树在森林生态中重要性，包括其对生物多样性和森林再生的支持作用，以及林业管理中对死树的保护措施。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Recent decades have brought greater understanding of the vital function dead trees serve in supporting biodiversity and forest regeneration.(近几十年来，人们越来越认识到死树在支持生物多样性和森林再生方面的重要作用。)”可知，死树之所以成为森林管理的重点，是因为它们有助于维持森林生命。故选D。 【33题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The death of a tree is hardly the end. Instead, a rapid transformation begins, bringing new dynamism into the lifeless branches.(一棵树的死亡远不是终结。相反，一场快速的转变开始了，为无生命的树枝带来了新的活力。)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是死树死后的变化和作用，即死树死后的“来生”。故选B。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Large trees in particular act as significant carbon sinks, and allowing them to decompose naturally extends the carbon storage process, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide—and, thus, heat—in the atmosphere.(特别是大树，它们是重要的碳汇，让它们自然分解可以延长碳储存过程，从而减少大气中的二氧化碳含量，进而降低大气温度)”可知，让大树自然分解可以延长碳储存过程，减少大气中的二氧化碳含量。由此推知，画线词意思是“分解”。故选A。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Is there any benefit to keeping a dead tree in your backyard? The answer is not a one-size-fits-all guidance. For personal properties, it’s a little bit more complex.(后院里保留一棵死树有好处吗？答案不是一概而论的指导。对于私人财产来说，这要复杂一些。)”可知，对于死树的处理，不应一概而论，如果涉及到私人财产，情况可能要复杂一些，由此可推理出，本文认为对于死树的处理应该根据情况而定。故选C。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A 30-year observational study at the University of South Carolina found that swimmers had about half the risk of death from any cause compared to participants who were runners or walkers. Notably, the advantage applies broadly, as you don’t have to do butterfly or freestyle to get the benefit. ___36___ Here are the many advantages of water fitness. Water’s buoyancy (浮力) minimizes the effects of gravity, meaning it’s gentle on joints. This makes exercising in water an excellent choice for people with the pain on joints. ___37___ Moreover, exercising in water can minimize the stress on ankles, potentially lowering the injury rate. ___38___ One Australian study compared water sports with several other kinds of exercise, including jogging and cycling, and found that only water sports helped people prevent falls. While you don’t feel as hot and sweaty in the water as you do when you work out on land, works in water still raise your metabolic (新陈代谢) rate, burn calories and help with weight loss. Besides, activities in water engage most of the body’s major muscle groups, including those in the legs, upper body and core. ___39___ Bathing yourself in water just feels good, sometimes bringing up happy summer memories from childhood. Like all aerobic exercises, swimming, pool walking and other kinds of water aerobics release the feel-good hormones (荷尔蒙) called endorphins in your brain. ___40___ In conclusion, working out in water, all or partially, has multiple benefits for the mind and the body and can be done by almost anyone of any age at any fitness level! A. Water-based activities helps improve balance. B. It is also an ideal option for those wanting to prevent it. C. They perfectly combine stretching and strength training. D. Swimming has the same effects as other forms of exercises. E. The extra boost of these chemicals helps fight anxiety, depression and stress. F. Pool walking and water workouts with weights are also great ways to get in shape. G. Water-related exercises get your heart pumping without much stress on the body. 【答案】36. F 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水上运动的诸多益处。 【36题详解】 由上文“Notably, the advantage applies broadly, as you don’t have to do butterfly or freestyle to get the benefit. (值得注意的是，这种好处广泛适用，因为你不必非得做蝶泳或自由泳才能获得益处)”可知，本空应强调除了蝶泳和自由泳外，还有其他方式能获得游泳带来的好处。F选项“Pool walking and water workouts with weights are also great ways to get in shape. (在泳池中行走和负重水中锻炼也是塑形的好方法)”提到了泳池行走和负重水中锻炼这些其他方式，能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 37题详解】 由上文“Water’s buoyancy (浮力) minimizes the effects of gravity, meaning it’s gentle on joints. This makes exercising in water an excellent choice for people with the pain on joints. (水的浮力将重力的影响降至最低，这意味着它对关节很温和。这使得在水中锻炼成为关节疼痛患者的绝佳选择)”可知，本空应强调在水中锻炼对关节疼痛患者有好处。B选项“It is also an ideal option for those wanting to prevent it. (对于那些想要预防关节问题的人来说，这也是一个理想的选择)”中it指代关节问题，also表示递进，说明对想预防关节问题的人也是好选择，能承接上文，符合语境。故选B。 【38题详解】 由下文“One Australian study compared water sports with several other kinds of exercise, including jogging and cycling, and found that only water sports helped people prevent falls. (一项澳大利亚的研究将水上运动与其他几种运动，包括慢跑和骑自行车进行了比较，发现只有水上运动能帮助人们预防摔倒)”可知，该段主要讲水上运动在预防摔倒方面的作用，本空应强调水上运动对预防摔倒、提升平衡能力的作用。A选项“Water-based activities helps improve balance. (水上活动有助于提高平衡能力)”符合该段主旨，可作为主题句，符合语境。故选A。 【39题详解】 由上文“Besides, activities in water engage most of the body’s major muscle groups, including those in the legs, upper body and core. (此外，水中活动能锻炼到身体的大部分主要肌肉群，包括腿部、上半身和核心部位的肌肉群)”可知，水中活动能锻炼多个肌肉群，本空应强调水上活动对于肌肉的锻炼作用。C选项“They perfectly combine stretching and strength training. (它们完美地结合了拉伸和力量训练)”中they指代水中活动，进一步说明水中活动的好处，能承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 【40题详解】 由上文“Like all aerobic exercises, swimming, pool walking and other kinds of water aerobics release the feel-good hormones (荷尔蒙) called endorphins in your brain. (像所有有氧运动一样，游泳、在泳池中行走和其他各种水上有氧运动都会在你的大脑中释放出一种叫做内啡肽的让人感觉良好的荷尔蒙)”可知，水上运动能释放内啡肽，本空应强调释放内啡肽的好处。E选项“The extra boost of these chemicals helps fight anxiety, depression and stress. (这些化学物质的额外刺激有助于对抗焦虑、抑郁和压力)”中these chemicals指代内啡肽，说明内啡肽的作用，能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Williams and Smith spend the weeks leading up to Christmas crossing the country. They visit all 50 states, making house calls to kids who are ___41___. The pair arrive with plenty of toys, and in costume, both of which ___42___ the young recipients. Though Williams has been spreading joy this way for years, the drive to do it ___43___ a joyless event. In 2009, he lost his mother to cancer and fell into a five-year depression. But he dug himself out by ___44___ his mother’s memory through charitable acts. Williams ___45___ his nonprofit, Future SuperHero, in 2018．His goal is to bring ___46___ to children with health challenges, including those who ___47___ life-threatening conditions. “He was the first person to put a smile on Aron’s face,” says Katrina, whose son suffered from cancer. Along the gift-giving journey, they stock up on (备货) some toys, funded by the ___48___ that come from the Future SuperHero website, which is also where people ___49___ families for the pair to visit. But they often use Williams’s own ____50____ as well to purchase gifts. More importantly, they spend time with the family. The parents seem more ____51____ than the kids sometimes. The pair say they want to make sure families facing ____52____ battles never feel alone. It’s what keeps them going, even when they ____53____ get any sleep in the process. “I don’t ____54____ to get paid to do this,” Williams adds. “It’ s just ____55____ me for losing my mother, just keeping her name alive by doing this.” 41 A. polite B. energetic C. sick D. honest 42. A. confuse B. scare C. calm D. delight 43. A. brought about B. came from C. turned out D. make up 44. A. ignoring B. honoring C. appreciating D. delivering 45. A. launched B. downsized C. quit D. chose 46. A. wellness B. fortune C. snacks D. smiles 47. A. fight B. accept C. push D. set 48. A. demands B. comments C. donations D. researches 49. A. propose B. instruct C. motivate D. track 50. A. wisdom B. reputation C. materials D. savings 51. A. patient B. nervous C. excited D. disappointed 52. A. final B. spiritual C. competitive D. tough 53. A. merely B. barely C. actually D. almost 54. A. refuse B. stop C. expect D. pretend 55. A. comforting B. reminding C. forgiving D. blaming 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Williams和Smith在圣诞节前几周走遍美国，为患病儿童送去礼物和欢乐的故事。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们拜访了全部50个州，为生病的孩子们提供上门探望。A. polite有礼貌的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. sick生病的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文“His goal is to bring ___6___ to children with health challenges, including those who ___7___ life-threatening conditions.”中的关键信息“children with health challenges”即“面临健康挑战的儿童”可知，他们是为生病的孩子们送去礼物和欢乐。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们带着许多玩具，穿着戏服，这让孩子们感到高兴。A. confuse使困惑；B. scare使害怕；C. calm使平静；D. delight使高兴。根据语境，他们带着玩具，穿着戏服，去探望患病儿童，目的应是让孩子们感到高兴。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管Williams多年来一直以这种方式传播快乐，但驱使他这样做的动力来自于一起悲伤的事件。A. brought about引起；B. came from来自；C. turned out结果是；D. make up编造。根据后文第二段第一句话“In 2009, he lost his mother to cancer and fell into a five-year depression.”可知，驱使他这样做的动力来自于他母亲的去世。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他通过慈善行为纪念他的母亲，走出了五年的抑郁。A. ignoring忽视；B. honoring纪念；C. appreciating欣赏；D. delivering递送。根据语境，Williams之所以做慈善，应是为了纪念他的母亲，且honor one’s memory为固定短语，意为“纪念某人”或“缅怀某人”。故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Williams在2018年创立了他的非营利组织“未来超级英雄”。A. launched发起；B. downsized缩小；C. quit放弃；D. chose选择。本空后搭配的宾语是非营利组织，从逻辑上来说，一个组织从无到有，首先应是先创立该组织，之后才可能再发生其它行为。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是为面临健康挑战的孩子们带来笑容。A. wellness健康；B. fortune财富；C. snacks零食；D. smiles笑容。根据后文第二段最后一句话“He was the first person to put a smile on Aron’s face,” says Katrina, whose son suffered from cancer.”可知，Williams的目标应是为孩子们带来欢乐，而他也是第一位让患癌症儿童Aron露出笑脸的人。该段前后句得以相互印证。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：包括那些与危及生命的疾病作斗争的孩子们。A. fight斗争；B. accept接受；C. push推动；D. set设置。本空处是从who到句末的定语从句的中的谓语，其先行词those是包含于本句前半段提到的“children with health challenges”之中的，这类孩子所做的动作，符合上下文逻辑的应是与病魔做斗争。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们通过“未来超级英雄”网站的捐款来准备玩具。A. demands要求；B. comments评论；C. donations捐款；D. researches研究。根据前文“Williams ___5___ his nonprofit, Future SuperHero, in 2018.”可知，主人公所创办的组织是非营利组织，从这个组织的网站上筹措来的资金应是公众捐款。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们也从这个网站上推荐家庭让他们去访问。A. propose提议；B. instruct指导；C. motivate激励；D. track追踪。根据上下文内容逻辑，关注这对夫妇及他们的慈善事业的普通网民，在网上所能做的事情主要应包括舆论支持、捐赠资金、提供需要帮助的家庭线索等。推荐家庭让他们去访问符合正常逻辑。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他们也经常使用Williams自己的储蓄来购买礼物。A. wisdom智慧；B. reputation声誉；C. materials材料；D. savings储蓄。根据前文“Along the gift-giving journey, they stock up on (备货) some toys, funded by the ___8___ that come from the Future SuperHero website, which is also where people ___9___ families for the pair to visit.”可知，他们用网上筹来的资金来准备玩具等礼物。而本空所在句句首有表示转折的But，可推知此处是他们也常用自己的钱来购买礼物。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母们有时似乎比孩子们更兴奋。A. patient耐心；B. nervous紧张的；C. excited兴奋的；D. disappointed失望的。根据前文“The pair arrive with plenty of toys, and in costume, both of which ___2___ the young recipients.”可知，主人公夫妇探望患病儿童，给他们带去欢乐。得到探望的家庭，无论是孩子还是家长，从情感上来说应是感到激动、兴奋等。故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇说，他们希望确保面临艰难斗争的家庭永远不会感到孤独。A. final最终的；B. spiritual精神的；C. competitive竞争的；D. tough艰难的。根据上下文及常理，有患病儿童的家庭都不好过，都需要与病魔做斗争，而这是艰难而非轻而易举的。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使在这个过程中他们夜不能寐，这也是让他们坚持下去的动力。A. merely仅仅；B. barely几乎不；C. actually实际上；D. almost几乎。根据上下文可知，他们几乎没怎么睡觉。本空处应使用表示否定含义的副词，表示不能睡或睡不好之意，只有barely符合此要求。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Williams补充说：“我不指望为此得到报酬。”A. refuse拒绝；B. stop停止；C. expect期望；D. pretend假装。根据前文“Williams ___5___ his nonprofit, Future SuperHero, in 2018．”可知，他当初创办的就是一个非营利组织，他不并指望为此得到报酬。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这只是对我失去的一种安慰，通过这样做让她的名字继续存在。”A. comforting安慰的；B. reminding提醒的；C. forgiving宽恕的；D. blaming责备的。根据前文“But he dug himself out by ___4___ his mother’s memory through charitable acts.”可知，主人公通过这种方式来纪念他的母亲，这是一种安慰。故选A项。 第二节 （共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 根据所给单词的汉语提示或首字母，写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。 56. ______ (领养) a pet from a shelter can be a life-changing experience. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Adopting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：领养收容所的一只宠物可能会是一次改变生活的经历。根据汉语提示“领养”可知，此处应用动词adopt，本句谓语为can be，此处为非谓语动词，作主语，用adopt的动名词adopting，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Adopting。 57. A balanced diet can help your body ______ (消耗) energy more efficiently. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】consume 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：均衡的饮食可以帮助你的身体更有效地消耗能量。根据汉语提示“消耗”可知，此处应使用动词consume，help sb. do sth.为固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处consume应用省略to的不定式，作宾补。故填consume。 58. The method of combining ______ (理论) with practice is further strengthened. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】theory 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：理论与实践相结合的方法得到了进一步加强。根据汉语提示“理论”可知，此处应用名词theory，作combining的宾语。故填theory。 59. Technological creativity and ______ (创新) have changed the way we communicate. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】innovation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：技术创造力和创新已经改变了我们的交流方式。根据汉语提示“创新”可知，应用名词innovation，此处与Technological creativity并列，作主语。故填innovation。 60. The NBA, short for National Basketball ______ (联盟), engages in various international initiatives to promote basketball. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Association 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：NBA是美国国家篮球协会的简称，它参与了各种促进篮球发展的国际活动。根据汉语提示可知，空格处应该用名词association，构成专有名词National Basketball Association“国家篮球协会”作宾语。故填Association。 61. Summer rain is typically a______ by thunder and lightning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】accompanied##ccompanied 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：夏雨通常伴随着雷声和闪电。根据首字母提示及句意可知，此处使用动词accompany“伴随”，与主语是被动关系，应用过去分词，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填accompanied。 62. As a c______ of their devotion, they achieved great success. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】consequence##onsequence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于他们的奉献，他们取得了巨大的成功。根据句意及首字母提示c可知，此处应填名词consequence“结果”，作As的宾语，空前有不定冠词a，应用单词形式。as a consequence of为固定短语，意为“由于”。故填consequence。 63. He is o______ and always spots the positive aspect of every situation. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】optimistic##ptimistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他很乐观，总是能发现每种情况的积极方面。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填optimistic，表“乐观的”，为形容词，在本句中作表语，符合句意。故填optimistic。 64. The two flowers are so identical that many people can’t d______ them easily. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】distinguish##istinguish 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这两朵花如此相像，以至于很多人不能轻易区分它们。根据句意及首字母提示d可知，此处应填动词distinguish“区分”，位于情态动词之后，使用动词原形。故填distinguish。 65. When Tom heard the frightening sound, he f______ on the spot without moving any farther. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】froze##roze 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当汤姆听到那可怕的声音时，他僵在原地不动了。根据句意和首字母f可知，空格处应该用动词freeze“突然停止，呆住”作谓语；由上文的heard可知，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填froze。 第三节 （共5小题；每题1分，满分5分） 阅读下列各句，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 66. Students’ overall development is ________ the key to better education lies. (用适当词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：学生的全面发展是提高教育质量的关键所在。引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where。故填where。 67. The device through ______ we can control our home appliances remotely is quiet convenient. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们可以远程控制家用电器的设备非常方便。此处为介词+关系代词结构的限定性定语从句，修饰先行词device，作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 68. In ______ (compare)with western cuisine, I prefer traditional Chinese cooking. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】comparison 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：与西餐相比，我更喜欢传统的中国烹饪。此处作In的宾语，应用名词comparison“比较”，介词in 短语comparison with，意为“与……相比”。故填comparison。 69. By the time he was a teenager, he________ (enjoy) a reputation as a wonderful young musician. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】had enjoyed 【解析】 【详解】考查过去完成时态。句意：在他十几岁的时候，他已经享有了作为一名出色的青年音乐家的声誉。由于By the time“到……时候（为止）”引导的从句谓语动词是一般过去时，主句中的谓语动词用过去完成时（had done），表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成”，即过去的过去。enjoy的过去分词为enjoyed。故填had enjoyed。 70. The remarkable landmark ______ (catch) my eye is Guangfu River Bridge with a total length of 1,831 meters. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】catching 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：最引人注目的地标是广福河大桥，全长1831米。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，The remarkable landmark与catch为逻辑主动关系，catch应用现在分词形式作定语。故填catching。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你校下周将迎来校园科技文化周。请你为校英文报写一篇题为“科技改变学校生活”的文章，内容包括： （1）科技的实际运用； （2）你的感受。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Science and Technology Changes School Life ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Science and Technology Changes School Life With science and technology shaping the way we live and bringing about constant innovation and progress, it has profound impacts on our school life. One of the most noticeable is on learning. Thanks to the wide availability of online courses and e-books, students now have access to a wider knowledge beyond traditional textbooks. Besides, technology has transformed communication on campus. Social media groups and relevant apps have made it easier for students to connect with peers and organize extracurricular activities swiftly. Personally, I benefit a lot from technological advance. Not only does smart campus enhance our learning efficiency but also allows us students to experience the charm of technology, stimulating our scientific awareness. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于投稿征文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇题为“科技改变学校生活”的文章。 【详解】1.词汇积累 深远的：profound→far-reaching 影响：impact→influence 加强：enhance→strengthen 有关的：relevant→related 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：With science and technology shaping the way we live and bringing about constant innovation and progress, it has profound impacts on our school life. 拓展句：As science and technology are shaping the way we live and bringing about constant innovation and progress, it has profound impacts on our school life. 【点睛】[高分句型1] With science and technology shaping the way we live and bringing about constant innovation and progress, it has profound impacts on our school life. (运用了with的复合结构) [高分句型2] Not only does smart campus enhance our learning efficiency but also allows us students to experience the charm of technology, stimulating our scientific awareness. (运用了倒装句) 第二节（满分25分） 72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完成的短文。 “Hey, Isaac!” Dayna said. “Feeling ready for this year’ s baking (烘焙)competition?” I smiled. “Do I look worried?” Dayna laughed. “You should be.” You’d never know that Dayna and I are best friends. Cupcakes turn us into fierce competitors. We hurried into the kitchen at the Kids’ Baking Club, where we take baking classes every Saturday. Today was the day we’d been working toward— the annual kids’ baking competition. Family and friends crowded into a makeshift seating area. I set up my station with the key ingredients I had brought from home. Mrs. Cooper from Cathy’s Cupcake addressed the crowd. “Good morning, and welcome to our annual kids’ baking competition. We have eight bakers, including last year’s champion, Dayna DeAngelo.” Dayna waved like a celebrity as the crowd applauded. I planned to take down Dayna, the cupcake queen. “Let’ s get this party started,” Mrs. Cooper said. Dayna bounced on her toes. I shook out my hands. Measuring spoons pinged against bowls. Clouds of flour settled on the table. Mixers whirred(发出嗡嗡声). As expected, time moved at a breathtaking pace. My lemon cupcakes were well underway. I tasted my creation. Mmm. Amazing! Then I glanced over to see how Dayna was doing. Where was she? Suddenly, her head emerged from under the table. She had dropped a dozen eggs! I turned off my mixer and rushed over to her station. “Get your ingredients into the bowl. I’ll deal with this!” I said. “Thanks, Isaac,” she whispered. “You rock.” Hurriedly, I grabbed paper towels to clean up, praying my good deed wouldn’t cost me the round. A few minutes later, everyone including Dayna was baking. The crowd cheered us on. The judges mmm-ed and ahh-ed over each contestant’ s work. Then we waited in another room anxiously as they discussed. Soon, Mrs. Cooper announced, “Dayna and Isaac are moving on to the final round: standard cupcakes.” In the final round, I got right into my zone. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But I quickly realized I hadn’t packed the candies used for decorating. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later, Mrs. Cooper announced, “The winner is ... Isaac!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】But I quickly realized I hadn’t packed the candies used for decorating. Feeling panicked, I realized sweat trickled down the side of my face. Dayna must have sensed my anxiety. I mouthed the word candy to her. She scanned her station and held up a box of candies. I nodded, grateful. She handed them to me immediately, but now I was completely stressed. “Keep your head in the game, Isaac!” Dayna said. Then, she rushed back to her station to go on with her baking. Luckily, we both finished our works on time, waiting for the judges’ decision. A few minutes later, Mrs. Cooper announced, “The winner is ... Isaac!” “Congratulations, Isaac!” Dayna clapped along with the crowd. I embraced her tightly, showing my gratitude from the bottom of my heart. Tears welled up in my eyes and I grabbed her hands tightly not because I won the competition but because I knew that I could never have made it without her help and encouragement. Dayna patted me on the shoulder and expressed her thanks to me for my timely assistance. Even though we competed, we were still a team and best friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以烘焙比赛为线索展开，讲述了“我”和好朋友Dayna参加年度儿童烘焙比赛，在比赛过程中互相帮助，最终“我”获得冠军的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但我很快意识到我没有带装饰用的糖果。”可知，第一段可描写“我”忘带糖果后的焦急，Dayna发现后给“我”提供帮助，以及“我”在她的鼓励下完成比赛作品。 ②由第二段首句内容 “几分钟后，库珀夫人宣布：‘获胜者是……艾萨克！’” 可知，第二段可描写Dayna向“我” 祝贺，“我”对她表达感谢，两人都意识到尽管比赛竞争，但彼此的友谊和相互帮助更珍贵。 2. 续写线索：忘带糖果 —— 焦急 ——Dayna 帮忙 —— 完成作品 —— 宣布获胜 —— 互相感谢 —— 感悟友谊 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/be aware of ②扫描：scan /search for ③拥抱：embrace/hug 情绪类 ①焦急的：panicked/anxious ②感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Feeling panicked, I realized sweat trickled down the side of my face.（使用了现在分词短语做状语） [高分句型2]. Even though we competed, we were still a team and best friends.（使用了even though连接的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$