精品解析：上海市松江区第四中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试题

2024学年第一学期期末质量调研测试 高二英语试卷 （完卷时间：120 分钟 卷面分值： 150分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Happy. B. Angry. C. Relaxed. D. Confused. 2. A. An actress. B. A director. C. A writer. D. A translator. 3. A. Professor and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Employer and applicant. D. Shop owner and customer. 4. A. Tony should continue to take the class. B. She approves of Tony’s decision. C. Tony can choose another science course. D. She can meet Tony early in the morning. 5. A. An annoying dog. B. Mrs. White. C. The flower garden. D. Their neighborhood. 6. A. He wasn’t invited to the meeting. B. He didn’t find the meeting hall. C. He missed the meeting in the end. D. He was delayed by the heavy fog. 7. A. 15,000 yuan. B. 16,500 yuan. C. 50,000 yuan. D. 55,000 yuan. 8. A. A sports meeting. B. A hiking trip. C. A press conference. D. A surprise party. 9. A. The man is seeing off the woman. B. They are celebrating the New Year. C. The woman is picking up the man. D. They are complaining about the airport. 10. A. B. C. D. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To reduce our chance of regular walking. B. To show us the advantages of exercising. C. To persuade us to walk in our daily life. D. To change our habit of walking every day. 12. A. Walking in rural areas arouses new ideas. B. Walking offers cancer patients confidence. C. Walking enlarges elder people’s brain size. D. Walking in nature helps to beat depression. 13. A. It can cure common heart diseases. B. It has been made part of people’s life. C. It is the easiest way to lose weight. D. It works better on the old than the young. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. How history can be defined differently. B. Why people should study history. C. How people can better understand the past. D. Why history may affect career choice. 15. A. To understand unfamiliar things. B. To convince different people. C. To develop skills to give directions. D. To identify with people around. 16. A. History is a body of knowledge rather than a way to think. B. Being a historian is not a popular idea for present students. C. Studying the past helps people understand the modern world. D. The speaker does not agree with others’ definitions of history. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Because he didn’t take complete notes. B. Because his vision isn’t good enough. C. Because he has missed several classes. D. Because his notebook was lost on campus. 18. A. At a library. B. At a copy shop. C. At a laboratory. D. At a coffee shop. 19. A. Getting some rest. B. Studying together. C. Having more classes. D. Exchanging notes. 20. A. The man does not want to spend time taking notes. B. The man enjoys playing slideshows for the professor. C. The woman would not like to lend the man her notes. D. The woman will help to keep the man awake in class. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It’s interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation ___1___ appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be ___2___ (loud) in the world. According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping (发出"哧溜"声) when eating noodles ___3___ (encourage) in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth ___4___ enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cool down the noodles. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable. It wasn’t until a new expression – “noodle harassment(骚扰)”-- came out last year on social media ___5___ Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable. ___6___ a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork last month. The fork, which looks like an electric toothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smart phone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork sends a signal to the person’s phone, ___7___ (make) it play a sound to mask the slurping noise. But is it really necessary? Dining traditions do vary. ___8___ is considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude in another. In India, people eat with their hands ___9___ they think in this way they build a connection with the food. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it uncomfortable to get their hands ___10___ (cover) in oil and bits of food. But this eating method is part of Indian's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own. “So, if your are eating noodles, whether that’s ramen, uudon, or soba, please slurp,” wrote reporter Brian Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, pay them no mind because they're missing the point entirely.” 【答案】1. that 2. the loudest 3. is encouraged 4. can/may 5. that 6. As 7. making 8. What 9. because/as 10. covered 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一些国家的餐桌文化，在日本，人们认为大声吃东西是有礼貌的。在印度，人们用手吃东西，因为他们认为，这样他们与食物建立了一个联系。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句连词。句意：有趣的是，日本是一个崇尚沉默和礼貌的国家，然而在吃面条时，日本人的声音可能是世界上最大的。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句修饰先行词nation，且先行词在从句中做主语，指国家，故用关系代词that。故填that。 【2题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意同上。根据" in the world"可知，此处要用形容词最高级。故填the loudest 。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：据生活方式网站grapee.jp报道，日本文化鼓励吃面条时发出声音。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且为一般现在时，主语为slurping when eating noodles谓语动词用单数形式。故填is encouraged。 【4题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：人们相信，吸入空气可以增强面条的味道，并有助于冷却面条。根据后文enhance为动词原形可知应填情态动词，且结合句意表示“可以；能够”，故填can/may。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：直到去年一个新的表达——“面条骚扰”——出现在社交媒体上，日本人才开始意识到，吃面条的声音让一些外国游客感到不舒服。固定句式it is not until ... that...“直到……才……”，故填that。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：作为响应，日本方便面生产商日新上个月推出了一种所谓的消音叉。根据句意可知表示“作为”，故填As。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当使用叉子的人开始发出声音时，叉子会向对方的手机发出一个信号，使其发出声音，来掩盖吃东西发出的声音。make在本句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语the fork构成主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式做伴随状语。故填making。 【8题详解】 考查连词。句意：在一个国家被认为是正确的餐桌礼仪，在另一个国家却可能被认为是粗鲁的。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且此处指代"被认为是粗鲁的行为"应用连词what。故填What。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：在印度，人们用手吃东西，因为他们认为，这样他们与食物建立了一个联系。本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”。故填because/as。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：习惯用餐叉吃饭的人可能会发现，他们的手沾满了油和食物，感觉很不舒服。cover在本句中做非谓语动词，与上文get 构成get sth. done结构，cover与hand构成被动关系故应用过去分词做宾补。故填covered。 【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： (1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等) (2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why) (3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句) 如第一小题，句意：有趣的是，日本是一个崇尚沉默和礼貌的国家，然而在吃面条时，日本人的声音可能是世界上最大的。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句修饰先行词nation，且先行词在从句中做主语，指国家，故用关系代词that。故填that。 Section B Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.revealed B.display C.doubles D.contrary E.suggestions F.raw G.advance H.dramatic I.functions J.connected K.developed Your new smart TV might be your pride and joy today but they will pale into insignificance compared with the technology expected to fill homes by 2030. And now experts at Rightmove have____11____ what this home of the future will look like. In just two years’ time, a temperature-changing mattress(床垫) will come into being that warms up in the winter and stays cool in the summer.Self-cleaning fabrics(布), truly waterproof materials and personal climate control are all being ____12____ now, and are also shown in the house in 2021. Fast forward to 2023, a “smart window” appears in the bedroom that____13____ as a screen; while in the bathroom, there’s a flexible ____14____that’s also a shower curtain meaning users could check social media while washing in a shower that recycles water. A smart mirror, which is actually a screen with an integrated computer, could even make polite outfit (服装）____15____to act like a personal stylist. And by 2025 the experts predict there will be self-heating towels. While in 2030 the home will seem like an incredibly hi-tech space, with____16____ changes seen in every room.All homes will have an “AI console” in the living room, described as “the living brain of the modern home” that controls security, lighting and temperature, monitors energy usage and orders groceries, among other____17____. Perhaps most excitingly, there’s a 3D printer that could be used to print everything from tools and electronics to food and clothing using just____18____ material blocks and “recipes” downloaded from the Internet. And the experts predict that by 2030, the machines will be as popular as televisions.Pocket-lint’s Stuart Miles said that every single electronic device in the home will be ____19____to the Internet, including the doorbell. Tim Danton, Editor of PC Pro magazine thinks smart phones will _____20_____to the point that we’ll be able to control nearly everything in the house with them--even if we’re not home 【答案】11. A 12. K 13. C 14. B 15. E 16. H 17. I 18. F 19. J 20. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。专家们给我们描述了未来的家将会是什么样子。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：现在，Rightmove 的专家们已经揭示了这个未来的家将会是什么样子。根据句意及空前的have可知，空处应使用过去分词revealed，与have构成现在完成时，表达“揭示”之意，作谓语。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：自我清洁面料、真正的防水材料和个人气候控制都正在研发中，并将于2021年在住宅中展出。根据句意及空前的are all being可知，空处应使用过去分词developed，与are all being构成现在进行时的被动语态，表达“正在被开发”之意。故选K项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：时间快进到2023年，卧室里出现了一个“智能窗口”，可以兼作屏幕。分析句子可知，句子应使用一般现在时，空处应使用动词double，作定语从句的谓语，由于从句主语that指代bedroom，为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：而在浴室里，有一个可弯曲的显示屏，同时也是浴帘，这意味着用户可以在淋浴间洗澡时查看社交媒体，淋浴间的水可以循环使用。根据空前的a flexible可知，空处应使用可数名词display的单数形式，表达“显示屏”之意。故选B项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：一面智能镜子，实际上是一个带有集成电脑的屏幕，甚至可以提出礼貌的着装建议，让自己看起来像个个人造型师。根据空前的make polite outfit以及空后的to act like a personal stylist可知，空处应使用可数名词suggestion的复数形式，表达“建议”之意，作make的宾语。故选E项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：到了2030年，这个家将会看起来像一个高科技的空间，每个房间都会发生巨大的变化。根据空前的with以及空后的changes可知，空处应使用形容词作定语，修饰名词changes，表达“巨大的、引人注目的”之意。故选H项。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：所有的家庭都将在起居室里配备一个“人工智能控制台”，被称为“现代家庭的活脑”，控制安全、照明和温度、监控能源使用和订购食品等功能。结合句意及空前的other可知，空处应使用可数名词function的复数形式，作介词with的宾语，表达“功能”之意。故选I项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：也许最令人兴奋的是，有一个3d 打印机，可以用来打印任何东西，从工具和电子产品到食品和衣服，只需要原材料块和从互联网上下载的“食谱”。分析句子可知，空处应使用形容词raw，作定语，修饰名词blocks，表达“原生的”之意。故选F项。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：Pocket-lint的Stuart Miles说，家里的每一个电子设备都会连上互联网，包括门铃。结合句意及空前的will be可知，空处应使用过去分词connected，构成一般将来时的被动语态。be connected to为固定用法，意为“连接……”。故选J项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：杂志的编辑Tim Danton认为智能手机将会进步到我们可以通过它们控制几乎所有家里的东西——即使我们不在家。分析句子并根据空前的will可知，空处应使用动词原形advance，表达“进步”之意。advance to为固定用法，意为“进步到……”。故选G项。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is _____21_____ with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward _____22_____ development. This is very _____23_____ to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _____24_____ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to _____25_____. For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against_____26_____. “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The _____27_____ fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all _____28_____ technologies.” The latest _____29_____ from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that _____30_____ painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average _____31_____ of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest _____32_____ in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the _____33_____ of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal _____34_____ for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations, some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which _____35_____ last year. 21. A. confused B. impressed C. obsessed D. connected 22. A. available B. accessible C. sustainable D. substantial 23. A. evident B. attractive C. invisible D. unique 24 A. donating B. contributing C. manufacturing D. distributing 25. A. fall behind B. put forward C. look up D. catch up 26. A. pollution B. environment C. ecology D. emission 27. A. probably B. inevitably C. incredibly D. traditionally 28. A. biological B. advanced C. far-reaching D. green 29. A. study B. figures C. technologies D. innovation 30. A. thanks to B. despite C. regardless of D. other than 31. A. height B. length C. concentration D. weight 32. A. obstacle B. improvement C. contribution D. cultivation 33. A. quality B. flavor C. deposit D. proportion 34. A. accounting B. making C. looking D. applying 35. A. took effect B. took place C. took to D. took in 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是通过治理环境污染，分享经验，中国成为世界清洁技术的领导者。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：联合国环境规划署前执行主任Erik Solheim表示，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。A. confused困惑的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. obsessed（对……）着迷的；D. connected连接的。根据下文“Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _____4_____ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，Erik Solheim对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：联合国环境规划署前执行主任Erik Solheim表示，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。A. available可获得的；B. accessible可使用的；C. sustainable可持续发展的；D. substantial实质性的。根据下文“China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year”和第9空后的“the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path”可知，他对中国过去十年在应对环境污染和气候变化方面取得的显著成就以及在实现可持续发展方面取得的成就印象深刻。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一点在他的推特粉丝中非常明显。A. evident明显的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. invisible看不见的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _____4_____ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，这一点在他的推特粉丝中非常明显。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Solheim的最新推文包括：中国在人工林和森林覆盖率增长方面位居全球第一，在过去十年中贡献了全球四分之一的新森林。A. donating捐赠；B. contributing贡献；C. manufacturing制造；D. distributing分发。根据下文“a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade”可知，中国在人工林和森林覆盖率增长方面位居全球第一，在过去十年中贡献了全球四分之一的新森林。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他认为，现在是世界其他地区迎头赶上的时候了。A. fall behind落后；B. put forward提出；C. look up查询；D. catch up赶上。根据上文“it’s time for the rest of the world to”可知，现在是世界其他地区迎头赶上的时候了。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾任挪威环境部长和国际发展部部长的Solheim认为，中国在气候和环境方面取得的成就都是从治理污染开始的。A. pollution污染；B. environment环境；C. ecology生态；D. emission排放。根据下文“fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade”可知，中国在气候和环境方面取得的成就都是从治理污染开始的。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：过去10年，中国城市空气污染以令人难以置信的速度减少，这表明中国的行动速度有多快。A. probably可能地；B. inevitably不可避免地；C. incredibly令人难以置信地；D. traditionally传统上。根据下文“hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，中国城市空气污染以令人难以置信的速度减少。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，中国在所有绿色技术方面都处于世界领先地位。A. biological生物的；B. advanced先进的；C. far-reaching影响深远的；D. green绿色的。根据上文“renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting”可知，中国在所有绿色技术方面都处于世界领先地位。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国生态环境部的最新数据证实了Solheim的观察，即中国正在迅速转向一条更可持续的道路。A. study学习；B. figures数字；C. technologies技术；D. innovation创新。根据下文“hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，中国生态环境部的最新数据证实了Solheim的观察。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：他说，由于努力治理污染，碧水蓝天变得更加普遍。A. thanks to多亏，由于；B. despite尽管；C. regardless of不管；D. other than除了。根据下文“painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace”可知，由于努力治理污染，碧水蓝天变得更加普遍。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然糟糕的空气质量曾是公众经常抱怨的一个来源，但从2015年到去年，空气中有害PM2.5颗粒的平均浓度从每立方米46微克下降到30微克。A. height高度；B. length长度；C. concentration浓度；D. weight重量。根据下文“of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter”可知，空气中有害PM2.5颗粒的平均浓度从每立方米46微克下降到30微克。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，中国空气质量良好天数约为87.5%，较2015年上升6.3个百分点，成为世界上空气质量改善最大的国家。A. obstacle障碍；B. improvement提高；C. contribution贡献；D. cultivation培养。根据上文“About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015”可知，中国空气质量良好天数约为87.5%，较2015年上升6.3个百分点，成为世界上空气质量改善最大的国家。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：近10年来，全国水质五级体系中III级及以上水质比重上升23.3个百分点，达到84.9%，已接近发达国家水平。A. quality质量；B. flavor味道；C. deposit存款；D. proportion比例。根据下文“rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent”可知，全国水质五级体系中III级及以上水质比重上升23.3个百分点，达到84.9%，空格处意为“比例”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碳强度，即单位国内生产总值的碳排放下降了34.4%，煤炭占能源消费总量的56%，而十年前为68.5%。A. accounting占（一定数量或比例）；B. making制作；C. looking看；D. applying申请。根据下文“for 56 percent of total energy consumption”可知，煤炭占能源消费总量的56%。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国已经立法或修订了大约30部法律法规，其中一些专注于水资源保护，包括2017年修改的《水污染防治法》和去年生效的《长江保护法》。A. took effect生效；B. took place发生；C. took to喜欢；D. took in吸收。根据上文“Yangtze River Protection Law”可知，《长江保护法》在去年生效。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Last summer, a video from Cardiff showed opera coach Mary King wet-eyed during the finals of BBC Cardiff Singer of the World.Who had moved her to tears? Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.” Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. He grew up in the traditional Mongolian way, living in circular tents with his nomadic (游牧的) family. As a child, he rode some 60 miles a day, and he was always singing. He won a place at university in Ulaanbaatar but dropped out after two years when he couldn’t pay the fees, became a taxi driver and one night got chatting to a customer who happened to be the chief of police. Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe. That backstory aroused my curiosity — so much so that three months later I was on a flight to Ulaanbaatar with a radio producer and suitcase of audio equipment. I had the same basic knowledge many westerners share about Mongolia: Genghis Khan, Gobi desert, furry camels, wild horses, wonderful throat singers. My guidebook described a proud nation. “It is rude to turn down an offer of horse’s milk,” I read, “for it is considered a gesture of friendship.” International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.” 36. Ariunbaatar won the Song prize mainly because of A. his command of different songs. B. his charming appearance. C. his unusual background. D. his impressive sound. 37. What is most likely to be Ariunbaatar’s turning point before he rose to fame? A He was admitted to a university for the first time. B. He became a member of the police orchestra. C. He moved Mary King and got the big prize. D. He was raised in the traditional Mongolian way. 38. What can be learned from the last paragraph about Ariunbaatar? A. He cares little about fame. B. He hopes to become better known. C. He wants to give his family a better life. D. He draws inspiration from the horses. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. How Ariunbaatar became a famous star. B. An introduction to an opera singer. C. Why the author travelled to Mongolian. D. A video about a celebrated opera contest. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一名歌剧歌手的相关信息。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.””(29岁的蒙古男中音阿伦巴托·干巴塔身材高大，肩膀宽阔，他带着灿烂的笑容和洪亮的嗓音，演唱了罗西尼、威尔第和柴可夫斯基的歌曲，迷倒了包括评委在内的所有人，评委宣布他是歌曲奖的共同获得者。“这种声音有一种令人难忘的感觉。” 金说，“包容和荣耀。这种存在感、力量和不费吹灰之力的结合是非常不寻常的。”)可知，阿伦巴托·干巴塔获得歌曲奖的主要原因是他让人印象深刻的嗓音。故选D。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe.”(长话短说：他加入了乌兰巴托警察管弦乐队，一路回到大学，然后前往俄罗斯和欧洲的大歌剧院。)可知，阿伦巴托·干巴塔在成名之前的重要转折点是他加入了乌兰巴托的警察管弦乐队。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.””(国际比赛的胜利使阿伦巴托在国内声名鹊起。政治家们希望他的职业生涯将确保蒙古在歌剧地图上的地位——把蒙古描绘成一个现代国家。他说他无意离开蒙古。他的家人仍然在草原上生活，仍然骑在马背上，仍然收拾帐篷追随新的草原。“和他们一起在这片土地上给了我唱歌的灵感”他说。“不管我在哪里，我唱歌的时候都是这样想的”)可知，阿伦巴托·干巴塔不在意名声，虽然他已经在国内声名鹊起，但是还是不愿意离开家乡。故选A。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize.”(29岁的蒙古男中音阿伦巴托·干巴塔身材高大，肩膀宽阔，他带着灿烂的笑容和洪亮的嗓音，演唱了罗西尼、威尔第和柴可夫斯基的歌曲，迷倒了包括评委在内的所有人，评委宣布他是歌曲奖的共同获得者。)根据第二段“Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. ”（对于世界上最著名的歌剧比赛之一的参赛者来说，阿伦巴托没有典型的背景）可知，这篇文章主要是对29岁的蒙古歌剧歌手阿伦巴托·干巴塔进行的介绍。故选B。 B Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition &Tour is a unique international resource to explore Shakespeare’s work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playway, Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him. Group Visits-to-the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours Theatre Tours: Monday to Sunday 9: 30 a.m. —5:00 p.m. Exhibition: Monday to Sunday 9:00 a.m. —.5 00 p.m. Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own tour guide. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email. Exhibition and Tour Prices Adult: £ 15.00 Senior(60+): £ 13.50 Student (with valid ID): £ 11.50 Children(5-15): £ 8.00 Complimentary: every 16th person free Getting here Shakespeare’s Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, UK We currently have enhanced security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time, do not bring any large bags. By car and taxi Where possible, visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park On Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge. Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one from outside the main foyer on New Globe Walk. Where to eat Swan at Shakespeare’s Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors. Swan Restaurant Monday-Friday: 12 noon—2: 30 p.m. &6: 00 p.m.—10: 30 p.m. Saturday: 12 noon—3: 30 p.m. &6: 00 p.m.—10: 30 p.m. Sunday: 12 noon—9:00 p.m. * Last admission is 30 minutes prior to closing time. 40. When can you pay a visit to the exhibition? A. 8: 35 a.m. on Monday. B. 2:35 p.m. on Friday. C. 5: 35 p.m. on Saturday. D. 4:35 p.m. on Sunday. 41. Which of the following applies to visitors? A. They are required to deposit their bags before entering. B. They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge. C. Taxi services are accessible near Southwark Bridge D. It’s more convenient to drive there than taking public transport. 42. The passage is meant to ______ A. persuade readers to travel around London. B. alert readers to the history of the unique international resource. C. help inspire readers’ enthusiasm for Shakespeare’s classical works D. inform readers of information about the Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour. 【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了莎士比亚环球展览会和戏剧之旅的一些信息。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Theatre Tours: Monday to Sunday 9: 30 a.m.—5:00 p.m.(剧院参观：星期一至星期日上午9:30——下午5:00)”可知，星期五下午2:35可以参观展览会。故选B。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据By car and taxi部分中“Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge.(在南华桥上，黑色出租车一年四季都能找到)”可知，在南华桥附近有出租车服务。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Shakespeare’sGlobe Exhibition &Tour is a unique international resource to explore Shakespeare’s work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playway, Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him.(莎士比亚全球展览和巡演是探索莎士比亚作品的独特国际资源。它全年开放，让您有机会更多地了解最著名的戏剧——莎士比亚，并帮助您寻求进一步的经验和国际上对他的了解)”结合文章主要介绍了莎士比亚环球展览会和戏剧之旅的一些信息。可推知，这篇文章是为了告诉读者有关莎士比亚全球展览和巡演的信息。故选D。 C Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious (有营养的) and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren’t necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.” For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn’t always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that “Whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 43. The new research questions whether organic food ________. A should replace traditional food B. has been overpriced by farmers C. is grown with less harmful chemicals D. is really more nutritious and healthier 44. Smith Spangler and her colleagues found that ________. A. organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease B. traditional food was grown with more natural methods C. both organic and traditional food they examined were safe D. there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food 45. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage? A Organic chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken. C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables. 46. What is the author’s attitude toward organic food? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Unconcerned. D. Approving. 【答案】43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍说明了有机食品不一定是更有营养、更健康这一事实，告诉人们没有必要一定要多花钱购买有机食物。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段““We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford.(“我们没有发现强有力的证据表明有机食品更有营养或更健康，”斯坦福大学的Crystal Smith-Spangler说。)”可知，这项研究质疑有机食品更有营养更健康，故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段“Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards.(有机食品和传统食品的化学物质含量都没有高到超出食品安全标准的程度。)”可知，他们所检查的有机和传统食物都是安全可食用的，故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a health y fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease.(研究人员确实发现，有机牛奶和鸡肉含有更高水平的omega-3脂肪酸，这种健康的脂肪也存在于鱼类中，可以降低患心脏病的风险。)”可知，有机牛奶和鸡肉相对健康。故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。 由第四段“However, these nutritional differences were too small(然而，这些营养差异太小了)”以及最后一段最后一句“Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.(新鲜食品至少和市场上宣传的有机食品一样好。)”可知，作者认为没有必要一定要多花钱买有机食物，因此作者对有机食品的态度是怀疑的，故选A。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. ____47____ Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. ____48____ The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. ____49____ Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. ____50____ Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. A. You may go to seek answers from him. B. Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C. Research your questions using the Internet or library. D. See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E. Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F. Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. 【答案】47. D 48. E 49. A 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要为想成为科学家的学生提出了几点建议。 【47题详解】 上文“Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects.”（看树叶和树枝的形状。听听昆虫的声音。）建议看看树叶的形状，听听昆虫发出的声音；下文“Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects.”（使用显微镜仔细观察有趣的物体。）指出用显微镜近距离观察这些有趣的事物。D项See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you.（看看你是否能找到一个让你惊讶的景象或声音。）符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【48题详解】 上文“Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart.”（摘一些花，小心地把它们拆开。）提到摘一些花并小心地把花分开。以及下文“The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope.”（你通过阅读和观察对花了解得越多，当你用显微镜观察它们时，你就会了解得越多。）说明当你用显微镜观察它们时，你就会了解得越多。E项Use a microscope to see how everything fits together.（用显微镜看看这些东西是如何组合在一起的。）承上启下，下文进一步具体解释此行为。上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选E项。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about.”（也许附近的学校或博物馆里有人了解昆虫、蜘蛛或其他你想了解的东西。）可知，在附近的学校和博物馆里会有一些知识广博的人，结合该段第一句“Ask for help from a knowledgeable person.”（向有知识的人寻求帮助。）可知，向这些人咨询你会得到答案。A项You may go to seek answers from him.（你可以去问他答案。）符合此推断，与该段主旨一致，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 【50题详解】 上文“If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station.”（如果你还想了解更多，你可以在附近的大学或研究站找一位科学家谈谈。）提到找一位科学家交流。下文“Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science”（说明你对什么感兴趣。询问你是否可以安排一个时间去拜访。大多数科学家都乐于与对科学有同样热情的学生交谈。）指出向他们说明你感兴趣的事，问他们你是否可以拜访他们。B项Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist.（给科学家写一封信或电子邮件。）符合语境，通过写信或发电子邮件联系科学家，询问是否可以亲自拜访，scientist是关键词。故选B项。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. Are you a textaholic? Do you spend over an hour each day texting your friends? Do you frequently neglect work, study and leisure activities to check your phone for text message? Are you moody and emotional if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs from texting too much? If you answered 'Yes' to any of the above questions, then the chances are that you are a textaholic.A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving text messages.The main symptoms are strong will to text which takes precedence over (优先于) everything else, and withdrawal symptoms (戒断症状)if messages fail to come in, leading to anger, depression and a lack of self-respect.Other problems include sleeplessness, eye strain, and repetitive strain injury due to constant messaging, not to mention expensive phone bills.The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. So what can you do if you think you may be textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance.Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out.Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re — learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Textaholics are those who can't live without text messages, without which health problems may arise physically and mentally. （要点1）The problem is caused by mental trouble a person has in life.（要点2）To solve it, one should try to live a balanced life, getting isolated from the mobile phone and having more personal communication with family and friends.（要点3） 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作。 【详解】读完所给文章后用不多于60个词总结文章要点，要尽量用自己的语言。这是一篇议论文，通读全文可以从以下三方面进行概括： 要点一：短信狂是指那些生活中离不开短信的人，没有短信就可能出现身体和精神上的健康问题。可用到的词汇有：arise, physically and mentally, health problem等 要点二：这个问题是由生活中的精神问题引起的。可用到的词汇有：cause, metal trouble等。 要点三：为了解决这个问题，一个人应该尝试过一种平衡的生活，远离手机，与家人和朋友有更多的私人交流。可用到的词汇有：solve， try to do sth., a balanced life, isolated, personal communication等。 本篇以一般现在时为主。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 远足是我们接触大自然的最简单方式之一。 (expose) 【答案】Hiking is one of the simplest ways for us to be exposed to nature. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。表示“远足”应用hike，此处为动名词作主语；表示“是”应用be；表示“最简单的方法之一”应用one of the simplest ways；表示“对于我们”应用for us；表示“暴露在自然中”应用be exposed to nature，此处用动词不定式作后置定语。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故翻译成：Hiking is one of the simplest ways for us to be exposed to nature. 53. 这本书是根据作者的亲身经历写成的，反映了文化之间的差异。（base) （汉译英） 【答案】The book is based on the writer’s personal experience, reflecting the cultural difference. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“根据”应用动词短语be based on，在句中作谓语；表示“亲身经历”为personal experience，表示“反映”为reflect，在句中作非谓语，与 book 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语；表示“文化差异”应用the cultural difference，全句用一般现在时，故翻译为The book is based on the writer’s personal experience, reflecting the cultural difference. 54. 为了让后人有鱼吃，许多国家已经对一次捕捞量作了限制。(limit) （汉译英） 【答案】Many countries have limited / have set limits on / for the number of fish to be caught at one time/ the catch to leave enough fish (to eat) for future generations. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，固定短语和动词不定式。根据汉语提示可知，本句主语是many countries “许多国家”，limit限制，动词作谓语，根据汉语提示可知，谓语动词需用现在完成时态，主语是复数,助动词需用have，所以此处谓语动词可以是have limited；limit也可以作名词使用，其搭配为set limits on/for“限制”，其完成时态为have set limits on/for；本句的宾语是 the number of fish“鱼的数量”， 其后接动词不定式to be caught at one time“一次捕捞量”作后置定语，此处介词of也可以用the catch作宾语；根据汉语提示可知，本句需用动词不定式作目的状语，leave 留……；enough fish (to eat) 足够的鱼，作动词leave的宾语，for future generations“为后人”作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故翻译为Many countries have limited / have set limits on / for the number of fish to be caught at one time/ the catch to leave enough fish (to eat) for future generations.。 55. 学校建议我们毕业时把自己用过的书捐给图书馆，这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用。(role) (汉译英) 【答案】The school suggests that we donate our used books to the library when we graduate, so that they can play a greater role as a learning resource. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、虚拟语气和从句。分析句子可知，句子为主从复合句，时态为一般现在时，主句主语the school，谓语动词suggest，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数，后接宾语从句为“我们毕业时把自己用过的书捐给图书馆”，谓语动词donate“捐献”用(should)do的虚拟语气，should可以省略，our used books“我们用过的书”，when we graduate“当我们毕业时”为时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，“这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用”是目的状语从句，用so that“以便”引导从句，play a greater role“发挥更大作用”，as a learning resource“作为学习资源”，故译为The school suggests that we donate our used books to the library when we graduate, so that they can play a greater role as a learning resource. VI. Guided Writing 56 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 某英文报正举办题为“A personal habit I’d like to change”的征文比赛。请你根据征文题目写一篇短文，参加该征文活动，具体要求如下： ①简述你想改变的这一行为习惯； ②说明你改变这一习惯的理由及措施。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A personal habit I’d like to change In my daily life, I have a habit that I really wish to change — procrastination. This bad habit has brought me a lot of trouble. Procrastination has caused me to submit rushed and low-quality work. I remember once I put off writing an important English essay. As the deadline approached, I had to write in a hurry, resulting in a poor grade. Moreover, the stress of doing everything at the last moment is overwhelming. To break this habit, I’ve decided to take several steps. First, I will make a detailed schedule and set specific time limits for each task. For example, when doing homework, I’ll allocate a certain amount of time to each subject. Second, I’ll remove distractions like my mobile phone when I’m working. By taking these measures, I’m confident that I can gradually overcome procrastination and become more efficient. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。某英文报正举办题为《我想改变的个人习惯》的征文比赛，要求考生按照要求写一篇短文参赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 问题：trouble → problem 推迟：put off → delay 重要的：important → significant 决定：decide → determine 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句： As the deadline approached, I had to write in a hurry, resulting in a poor grade. 拓展句： As the deadline approached, I had to write in a hurry, which resulted in a poor grade. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In my daily life, I have a habit that I really wish to change — procrastination.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Second, I’ll remove distractions like my mobile phone when I’m working.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期期末质量调研测试 高二英语试卷 （完卷时间：120 分钟 卷面分值： 150分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Happy. B. Angry. C. Relaxed. D. Confused. 2. A. An actress. B. A director. C. A writer. D. A translator. 3. A. Professor and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Employer and applicant. D. Shop owner and customer. 4. A. Tony should continue to take the class. B. She approves of Tony’s decision. C. Tony can choose another science course. D. She can meet Tony early in the morning. 5. A. An annoying dog. B. Mrs. White. C. The flower garden. D. Their neighborhood. 6. A. He wasn’t invited to the meeting. B. He didn’t find the meeting hall. C. He missed the meeting in the end. D. He was delayed by the heavy fog. 7. A. 15,000 yuan. B. 16,500 yuan. C. 50,000 yuan. D. 55,000 yuan. 8. A. A sports meeting. B. A hiking trip. C. A press conference. D. A surprise party. 9 A. The man is seeing off the woman. B. They are celebrating the New Year. C. The woman is picking up the man. D. They are complaining about the airport. 10. A. B. C. D. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To reduce our chance of regular walking. B. To show us the advantages of exercising. C. To persuade us to walk in our daily life. D. To change our habit of walking every day. 12. A. Walking in rural areas arouses new ideas. B Walking offers cancer patients confidence. C. Walking enlarges elder people’s brain size. D. Walking in nature helps to beat depression. 13. A. It can cure common heart diseases. B. It has been made part of people’s life. C. It is the easiest way to lose weight. D. It works better on the old than the young. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. How history can be defined differently. B. Why people should study history. C. How people can better understand the past. D. Why history may affect career choice. 15. A. To understand unfamiliar things. B. To convince different people. C. To develop skills to give directions. D. To identify with people around. 16. A. History is a body of knowledge rather than a way to think. B. Being a historian is not a popular idea for present students. C. Studying the past helps people understand the modern world. D. The speaker does not agree with others’ definitions of history. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Because he didn’t take complete notes. B. Because his vision isn’t good enough. C. Because he has missed several classes. D. Because his notebook was lost on campus. 18. A. At a library. B. At a copy shop. C. At a laboratory. D. At a coffee shop. 19. A. Getting some rest. B. Studying together. C. Having more classes. D. Exchanging notes. 20. A. The man does not want to spend time taking notes. B. The man enjoys playing slideshows for the professor. C. The woman would not like to lend the man her notes. D. The woman will help to keep the man awake in class. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It’s interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation ___1___ appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be ___2___ (loud) in the world. According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping (发出"哧溜"声) when eating noodles ___3___ (encourage) in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth ___4___ enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cool down the noodles. It’s also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable. It wasn’t until a new expression – “noodle harassment(骚扰)”-- came out last year on social media ___5___ Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable. ___6___ a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork last month. The fork, which looks like an electric toothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smart phone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork sends a signal to the person’s phone, ___7___ (make) it play a sound to mask the slurping noise. But is it really necessary? Dining traditions do vary. ___8___ is considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude in another. In India, people eat with their hands ___9___ they think in this way they build a connection with the food. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it uncomfortable to get their hands ___10___ (cover) in oil and bits of food. But this eating method is part of Indian's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own. “So, if your are eating noodles, whether that’s ramen, uudon, or soba, please slurp,” wrote reporter Brian Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, pay them no mind because they're missing the point entirely.” Section B Directions：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.revealed B.display C.doubles D.contrary E.suggestions F.raw G.advance H.dramatic I.functions J.connected K.developed Your new smart TV might be your pride and joy today but they will pale into insignificance compared with the technology expected to fill homes by 2030. And now experts at Rightmove have____11____ what this home of the future will look like. In just two years’ time, a temperature-changing mattress(床垫) will come into being that warms up in the winter and stays cool in the summer.Self-cleaning fabrics(布), truly waterproof materials and personal climate control are all being ____12____ now, and are also shown in the house in 2021. Fast forward to 2023, a “smart window” appears in the bedroom that____13____ as a screen; while in the bathroom, there’s a flexible ____14____that’s also a shower curtain meaning users could check social media while washing in a shower that recycles water. A smart mirror, which is actually a screen with an integrated computer, could even make polite outfit (服装）____15____to act like a personal stylist. And by 2025 the experts predict there will be self-heating towels. While in 2030 the home will seem like an incredibly hi-tech space, with____16____ changes seen in every room.All homes will have an “AI console” in the living room, described as “the living brain of the modern home” that controls security, lighting and temperature, monitors energy usage and orders groceries, among other____17____. Perhaps most excitingly, there’s a 3D printer that could be used to print everything from tools and electronics to food and clothing using just____18____ material blocks and “recipes” downloaded from the Internet. And the experts predict that by 2030, the machines will be as popular as televisions.Pocket-lint’s Stuart Miles said that every single electronic device in the home will be ____19____to the Internet, including the doorbell. Tim Danton, Editor of PC Pro magazine thinks smart phones will _____20_____to the point that we’ll be able to control nearly everything in the house with them--even if we’re not home III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. China becomes a world leader in clean technology by fighting environmental pollution, sharing experience. Erik Solheim, former executive director of the United Nations Environmental Programme, said he is _____21_____ with China’s phenomenal achievements over the past decade in fighting environmental pollution and climate change, and in its march toward _____22_____ development. This is very _____23_____ to his Twitter followers. Solheim’s latest tweets include one about China ranking first globally in planted forests and forest coverage growth, _____24_____ a quarter of the world’s new forests in the past decade; one about China producing 60 percent of global solar energy last year and 80 percent of solar panels; and another highlighting the fact that 80 percent of the world’s new offshore wind capacity was installed in China last year. He believes that it’s time for the rest of the world to _____25_____. For Solheim, who is also the former Norwegian Minister of the Environment and Minister of International Development, China’s achievements on the climate and environmental fronts all started with its fight against_____26_____. “People wanted to see beautiful skies over their cities,” he told China Daily. “The _____27_____ fast reduction in air pollution in Chinese cities over the last decade shows how fast China can act. This has now spilled over into renewable energy, nature protection, electric mobility, tree planting and a lot more. Today, China is the world leader in all _____28_____ technologies.” The latest _____29_____ from China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment prove Solheim’s observations that the country is rapidly switching to a more sustainable path. Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu told a news conference on Sept 15 that the country’s toughest measures and greatest progress on the ecological and environmental front have occurred in the last decade. He said that _____30_____ painstaking efforts to combat pollution, clear waters and blue skies have become more commonplace. While poor air quality used to be a source of frequent public complaints, the average _____31_____ of hazardous airborne PM2.5 particles dropped from 46 to 30 micrograms per cubic (立方的) meter between 2015 and last year. About 87.5 percent of days last year were rated as having good air quality, up 6.3 percentage points from 2015, making China the country with the biggest _____32_____ in air quality in the world. In the last decade, the _____33_____ of water at or above Grade III in the country’s five-tier water quality system rose 23.3 percentage points to 84.9 percent, close to the levels in developed countries. Carbon intensity, or carbon emissions per unit of GDP, has declined by 34.4 percent, with coal _____34_____ for 56 percent of total energy consumption, compared to 68.5 percent a decade ago. China has has legislated or revised roughly 30 laws and regulations some of which focused on water resource protection, including the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, which was modified in 2017, and the Yangtze River Protection Law, which _____35_____ last year. 21. A. confused B. impressed C. obsessed D. connected 22. A. available B. accessible C. sustainable D. substantial 23. A. evident B. attractive C. invisible D. unique 24. A. donating B. contributing C. manufacturing D. distributing 25. A. fall behind B. put forward C. look up D. catch up 26. A. pollution B. environment C. ecology D. emission 27. A. probably B. inevitably C. incredibly D. traditionally 28. A. biological B. advanced C. far-reaching D. green 29. A. study B. figures C. technologies D. innovation 30. A. thanks to B. despite C. regardless of D. other than 31. A. height B. length C. concentration D. weight 32. A. obstacle B. improvement C. contribution D. cultivation 33. A. quality B. flavor C. deposit D. proportion 34. A. accounting B. making C. looking D. applying 35. A. took effect B. took place C. took to D. took in Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Last summer, a video from Cardiff showed opera coach Mary King wet-eyed during the finals of BBC Cardiff Singer of the World.Who had moved her to tears? Mongolian baritone (男中音) Ariunbaatar Ganbaatar, towering, broad-shouldered, with a huge smile and a mighty voice, the 29-year-old sang Rossini,Verdi and Tchaikovsky and charmed everyone, including the judges, who declared him joint winner of the Song prize. “There was something so imposing about the sound,” King said. “Contained and glorious. It’s very unusual to find this combination of presence, power and effortlessness.” Ariunbaatar doesn’t have a typical background for a contestant in one of the world’s most celebrated opera contests. He grew up in the traditional Mongolian way, living in circular tents with his nomadic (游牧的) family. As a child, he rode some 60 miles a day, and he was always singing. He won a place at university in Ulaanbaatar but dropped out after two years when he couldn’t pay the fees, became a taxi driver and one night got chatting to a customer who happened to be the chief of police. Long story short: he joined Ulaanbaatar’s police orchestra, worked his way back to university, then onwards to the grand opera houses of Russia and Europe. That backstory aroused my curiosity — so much so that three months later I was on a flight to Ulaanbaatar with a radio producer and suitcase of audio equipment. I had the same basic knowledge many westerners share about Mongolia: Genghis Khan, Gobi desert, furry camels, wild horses, wonderful throat singers. My guidebook described a proud nation. “It is rude to turn down an offer of horse’s milk,” I read, “for it is considered a gesture of friendship.” International wins have made Ariunbaatar famous at home. Politicians hope his career will secure Mongolia’s position on the opera map-portraying it as a modern nation. He says he has no intention to leave Mongolia. His family still travel on the plain, still ride on horseback, still packup their tents to follow new grasslands. “Being with them on the land is what gives me inspiration to sing.” he says. “Wherever I am, that is what I imagine when I sing.” 36. Ariunbaatar won the Song prize mainly because of A. his command of different songs. B. his charming appearance. C. his unusual background. D. his impressive sound. 37. What is most likely to be Ariunbaatar’s turning point before he rose to fame? A. He was admitted to a university for the first time. B. He became a member of the police orchestra. C. He moved Mary King and got the big prize. D. He was raised in the traditional Mongolian way. 38. What can be learned from the last paragraph about Ariunbaatar? A. He cares little about fame. B. He hopes to become better known. C. He wants to give his family a better life. D. He draws inspiration from the horses. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. How Ariunbaatar became a famous star. B. An introduction to an opera singer. C. Why the author travelled to Mongolian. D. A video about a celebrated opera contest. B Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition &Tour is a unique international resource to explore Shakespeare’s work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playway, Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him. Group Visits-to-the Exhibition & Tour Opening Hours Theatre Tours: Monday to Sunday 9: 30 a.m. —5:00 p.m. Exhibition: Monday to Sunday 9:00 a.m. —.5 00 p.m. Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own tour guide. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email. Exhibition and Tour Prices Adult: £ 15.00 Senior(60+): £ 13.50 Student (with valid ID): £ 11.50 Children(5-15): £ 8.00 Complimentary: every 16th person free Getting here Shakespeare’s Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SE1 9DT, UK We currently have enhanced security, with all bags being checked. Please arrive in good time, do not bring any large bags. By car and taxi Where possible, visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park On Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge. Black cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one from outside the main foyer on New Globe Walk. Where to eat Swan at Shakespeare’s Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors. Swan Restaurant Monday-Friday: 12 noon—2: 30 p.m. &6: 00 p.m.—10: 30 p.m. Saturday: 12 noon—3: 30 p.m. &6: 00 p.m.—10: 30 p.m. Sunday: 12 noon—9:00 p.m. * Last admission is 30 minutes prior to closing time. 40. When can you pay a visit to the exhibition? A. 8: 35 a.m. on Monday. B. 2:35 p.m. on Friday. C. 5: 35 p.m. on Saturday. D. 4:35 p.m. on Sunday. 41. Which of the following applies to visitors? A. They are required to deposit their bags before entering. B. They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge. C. Taxi services are accessible near Southwark Bridge D. It’s more convenient to drive there than taking public transport. 42. The passage is meant to ______ A. persuade readers to travel around London. B. alert readers to the history of the unique international resource. C. help inspire readers’ enthusiasm for Shakespeare’s classical works D. inform readers of information about the Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Tour. C Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious (有营养的) and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren’t necessarily more nutritious, and they’re no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. “We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier,” says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. “So consumers shouldn’t assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer.” For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn’t always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that “Whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste.” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 43. The new research questions whether organic food ________. A. should replace traditional food B. has been overpriced by farmers C. is grown with less harmful chemicals D. is really more nutritious and healthier 44. Smith Spangler and her colleagues found that ________. A. organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease B. traditional food was grown with more natural methods C. both organic and traditional food they examined were safe D there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food 45. Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage? A. Organic chicken and pork. B. Organic milk and chicken. C. Traditional chicken and pork. D. Traditional fruit and vegetables. 46. What is the author’s attitude toward organic food? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Unconcerned. D. Approving. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Become a Scientist Here is some advice for students who think they might like to become scientists. Become an observer. One of the most important things you can do to become a good scientist is to practice watching everything carefully. Find a comfortable chair and put it in the middle of your garden or a park. Sit in the chair for thirty minutes or an hour. Watch the insects that fly past or land on the plants. Look at the shapes of leaves and branches. Listen to the sounds of insects. ____47____ Use a microscope to look closely at interesting objects. Learn everything you can about a topic that interests you. Suppose you’d like to explore flowers by using a microscope. Go to the library and check out some flower books. See what you can find on the Internet. Pick some flowers and carefully take them apart. ____48____ The more you know about flowers from reading about them and observing them, the more you’ll understand when you look at them with a microscope. Ask for help from a knowledgeable person. After you’ve learned everything you can on your own, ask someone else to help with questions you still have. Maybe there’s someone at a nearby school or museum who knows about insects, spiders, or something else you’d like to learn about. ____49____ Find a scientist to talk to or find a place where scientific research is being done. If you still want to learn more, you can find a scientist to talk to at a nearby university, or research station. ____50____ Explain what you’re interested in. Ask if you can schedule a time to visit. Most scientists are happy to talk to students who share their passion for science. A. You may go to seek answers from him. B. Write a letter or an e-mail message to the scientist. C. Research your questions using the Internet or library. D. See if you can find a sight or sound that surprises you. E. Use a microscope to see how everything fits together. F. Being a scientist is time-consuming and mentally demanding. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. Are you a textaholic? Do you spend over an hour each day texting your friends? Do you frequently neglect work, study and leisure activities to check your phone for text message? Are you moody and emotional if you are separated from your mobile phone? Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs from texting too much? If you answered 'Yes' to any of the above questions, then the chances are that you are a textaholic.A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving text messages.The main symptoms are strong will to text which takes precedence over (优先于) everything else, and withdrawal symptoms (戒断症状)if messages fail to come in, leading to anger, depression and a lack of self-respect.Other problems include sleeplessness, eye strain, and repetitive strain injury due to constant messaging, not to mention expensive phone bills.The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems.Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young. So what can you do if you think you may be textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance.Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out.Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re — learn the art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages.Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 远足是我们接触大自然的最简单方式之一。 (expose) 53. 这本书是根据作者的亲身经历写成的，反映了文化之间的差异。（base) （汉译英） 54. 为了让后人有鱼吃，许多国家已经对一次捕捞量作了限制。(limit) （汉译英） 55. 学校建议我们毕业时把自己用过书捐给图书馆，这样他们可以做为学习资源，发挥更大的作用。(role) (汉译英) VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 某英文报正举办题为“A personal habit I’d like to change”的征文比赛。请你根据征文题目写一篇短文，参加该征文活动，具体要求如下： ①简述你想改变的这一行为习惯； ②说明你改变这一习惯的理由及措施。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$